
aass_Ji4434 

Rnnt .A 5 CTt 



THE 



ANABASIS 



XENOPHON; 



CHIEFLY ACCORDING TO THE TEXT OF L. DIXDOEF, 



NOTES: 



FOR THE USE OF SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES. 




JOHN J. OWEN, D.D., LL.D., 



BOEMEELY PRINCIPAL OF THE CORNELIUS INSTITUTE. A>~D NOW PROFESSOR OF THE LATIN 

AND GREEK LANGUAGES AND LITERATURE IN THE FREE ACADEMY IN 

NEW YORK CITY. 



REVISED EDITION. 



£P 



NEW YORK: „*V 

LEAVITT & ALLEN, 21 & 23 MERCER STREET.— ~r 

1862. 






«$$>■ 



Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1843, by 

JOHN J. OWEN, 

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District 

of New York. 



2* I o J *■** 



Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1861, by 

JOHN J. OWEN, 

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District 

of New York. 



JOHN P. TEOW, 

PRINTER, STEREOTYPER, AND ELECTROTYPER, 

46, 48 & 50 Greene Street, 
New York, 



j N \X > X j 



THIS WORK 

IS KESPECTFTTLLY INSCEIBED TO THE 

EEV. THEODORE D. WOOLSEY, D. D., LL. D., 

PBESIDE^T OF TALE COLLEGE, 

\S A TEIBTTTE TO SINCEEE PIETY, PEOFOUXD EEUDITIOX, AND AN 
ENTHUSIASTIC DEYOTEDNESS TO THE IXTEEESTS OF 

§xttk Mittintvcxt. 



IV 



The Map which accompanies this edition of the Anabasis, is copied sub- 
stantially from that prefixed to " Travels in the Track of the Ten Thousand 
Greeks," by William F. Ainsworth, Surgeon to the late Euphrates Expedition, 
London, 1844. How well grounded are his claims for accuracy and fidelity, 
will appear from the following quotation from his preface to the above-men- 
tioned work : " The present illustrator of the Anabasis has by accident en- 
joyed advantages possessed by no other person, of following at intervals the 
whole line of this celebrated Expedition, from the plain of Caystrus, and the 
Cilician Gates, through Syria down the Euphrates, to the field of Cunaxa, and 
of again travelling in the line of the still more memorable retreat across the 
plains of Babylonia and Media by Larissa and Mes-Pylse, and thence through 
the well-defended passes of the Tigris and Kurdistan, to the cold elevated up- 
lands of Armenia, which were the scene of so many disasters and so much 
suffering to the Greeks. Then again from Trebizond westward he has visited 
on various parts of the coast of Asia Minor, localities to which an interest is 
given by the notices of the Athenian historian, independent of their own im- 
portance as ancient sites and colonies ; and where he has not been personally 
on that part of the route, as well as in the localities of the first assembling of 
the troops under Cyrus, the researches of W. J. Hamilton, Pococke, Arundel, 
and others, fully fill up the slight deficiencies which might otherwise occur. 
Indeed, out of a journey evalued by the historian at three thousand four hun- 
dred and sixty-five miles altogether, there is not above six hundred miles that 
the illustrator has not personally explored." 



PREFACE. 



This edition of Xen option's Anabasis is chiefly based upon 
the text of L. Dindorf's larger edition, 1825. Whenever it 
differs from that, the variation is usually found in the notes at 
the latter end of the volume. The following are the editions 
to which the editor has had access in the correction of the 
text and in the preparation of the notes. 1. Hutchinson's, 
Glasgow, 1825, a work so well known to students as to need 
no passing remark. 2. Schneider's. 3. Bornemann's, Leip- 
zig, 1825, an excellent edition, especially as throwing light 
upon obscure and doubtful readings. 4. Dindorf's, Leipzig, 
1825, in which the text has been made perhaps as perfect as 
in any edition extant. 5. Poppo's, Leipzig, valuable among 
other things for the Index of Greek words based on Zeune's, 
but enlarged and improved. 6. Kniger's, Halle, containing 
brief but very valuable notes. 7. Belfour's, London, 1830. 
8. Long's, London, 1837, a beautiful edition, following the 
text of Dindorf, with the more important variations noted at 
the foot of the page. 

References to the Grammar of E. A. Sophocles will be 
found at the bottom of each page of the text, as far as the end 
of the first book. To have continued them through the whole 
work, would have swelled the volume to an expensive size, 
and besides, they w r ere principally designed to assist the stu- 
dent in acquiring habits of accuracy and research, by fre- 
quently introducing him to his grammar in the opening pages 
of his author, and not falsely to impress him with the idea 
that he is to make no references, solve no grammatical or 



yi PREFACE. 

lexical difficulties, save such as are presented to his notice by 
the editor. 

The Notes have been prepared with special reference to 
students in the earlier stages of their education, who cannot 
be expected to have at their command rare and expensive 
helps to elucidate the meaning of the author they are study- 
ing. Hence will be found explanations of idioms, unusual 
constructions, the use of moods, &c., which to a ripe scholar 
might seem superfluous, or which apparently might have been 
dismissed by a simple reference to some grammar or commen- 
tary, where the point is fully discussed and explained. But 
it may be asserted that, even when they have the means at 
their command, students seldom turn aside from the imme- 
diate duty of preparing themselves for recitation, to search 
out references and investigate idiomatic constructions. It 
will be seen, however, that after a given explanation has once 
been made, a similar word or construction, usually, is either 
passed by without comment, or simply referred to the note 
where the explanation has been previously given. In the 
preparation of the notes, much help has been derived from 
the labors of others, which I have aimed to acknowledge, al- 
though in some instances, through inadvertence or a desire of 
brevity, I may have omitted to do this. 

The references to Buttmann's and Matthios's Grammars are 
quite copious, inasmuch as the editor believes that these 
works have now quite an extensive circulation, and are in the 
hands of almost every teacher of the language. Equally 
copious references were originally made to Thiersch's and 
Rost's Grammars, but were mostly suppressed from the belief 
that very few copies of those excellent works are in the pri- 
vate libraries of teachers and students. 

The punctuation is essentially that of Dindorf, carefully 
revised, however, by a comparison of the punctuation of Bor- 
nemann, Kriiger, and Poppo. It may appear to some that 
too many of the usual points have been omitted. If the edi- 
tor has erred in this, it has been done with the approbation 
of some of the best classical scholars in this country, whom he 



PREFACE. Vii 

consulted in reference to the principles of punctuation, and 
with the example of eminent scholars abroad, whose recently 
published works have fewer points of punctuation than ap- 
peared in older editions. 

As it regards the geography of the places spoken of in the 
Anabasis, the editor has taken pains to avail himself of the 
best helps within his reach, yet he is far from claiming to 
have done more than partial justice to this most important 
task of the commentator. The geography of Western Asia, 
especially of those countries through which the Retreat was 
in part conducted, is so imperfect, that there is great difficulty 
in locating many places with accuracy. The facilities of ac- 
cess to those regions however are now so great, that they 
will doubtless soon be explored and their geographical sta- 
tistics more accurately defined, when, if it shall please the 
public to receive this my first offering to the cause of classi- 
cal literature with kindness and favor, so as to call for a 
second edition, I shall endeavor to prefix a map, to assist the 
student in tracing both the avdfiacris and Kardfiacris of the 
Greeks, and in locating the places referred to by the his- 
torian. 

I should do injustice to my feelings, were I to forbear 
acknowledging my obligations to Professors Felt on of Har- 
vard University, TToolsey of Yale College, and Lewis and 
Johnson of the Xew York University, for many valuable sug- 
gestions in the plan of the work. Especially to Prof. Wool- 
sey and Dr. Robinson am I indebted, for the freely proffered 
use of their choice and extensive libraries, which placed with- 
in my reach many books that were of great use in preparing 

this edition. A 

.>■ 

Cornelius Institute, May 2, 1843. 



Vlll 



PREFACE TO THE REVISED EDITION. 



The first edition of this Anabasis was published in 1843. 
Since that time about 35,000 copies have been printed and 
sold. The stereotype plates having become somewhat worn 
by this great number of impressions, it has been deemed ad- 
visable to recast them in the Porsonian type, and in a style 
corresponding to the editor's more recent classical editions. 
The notes having been thoroughly revised and pruned of re- 
dundancies and all irrelevancies, are enriched by copious ref- 
erences to the grammars of Sophocles, Crosby, Ki'ihner, and 
Hadley. In addition to the references to Sophocles's gram- 
mar at the foot of the page and extending through the first 
book, copious references to their respective grammars, for 
that same portion of the text, have been made expressly for 
this edition by S. H. Taylor, LL. D. of Phillips, Academy, 
Andover, Mass., and Prof. Hadley of Yale College. The 
book is thus rendered invaluable to all who wish to become 
well grounded in the elements of the Greek language. 

In order to promote uniformity, the same system of punc- 
tuation has been followed as in the other works of the editor, 
viz., to give to every oxytone standing before a punctuation- 
mark, whether in a Greek or English sentence, the acute 
accent. 

New York Free Academy, August, 1861. 



IX 



SUMMARY. 



BOOK I. 



CHAP. 

I. Cyrus the Younger is accused to his brother Artaxerxes of plottiDg 
against him, upon which he is apprehended, and obtains his liberty only 
at his mother's intercession. He returns to his satrapy, and secretly 
raises an army, part of which are Greeks, in order to make war against 
his brother. 
II. He sets out from Sardis, and marches through Lydia, Phrygia, and 
Lycaonia into Cappadocia, whence he enters Cilicia and finds it deserted 
by Syennesis, who is however at last induced by his wife to have an in- 
terview with Cyrus. 

III. The Greeks suspecting the real object of the enterprise, refuse 
to go any further ; but by the prudence of Clearchus they consent 
to follow Cyrus, who says that the expedition is intended against Abro- 
comas. 

IY. The army passes the Pyla? Syria?. Two of the Greek generals, 
Xenias and Pasion, having taken offence at Cyrus, desert the expedition. 
The magnanimity of Cyrus in not pursuing them, causes the army to fol- 
low him with great enthusiasm. They reach Thapsacus on the Euphra- 
tes, where Cyrus discloses the real design of the expedition ; but the 
army, by fresh promises and the craft of Menon, are induced to cross 
the river. 
V. They pass through a desert country, having the Euphrates on their 
right. Many of the beasts of burden perish for want of fodder. While 
provisions are brought over from Carmande, a town on the opposite 
bank of the Euphrates, a quarrel arises between Clearchus and Menon, 
which is settled by a serious appeal from Cyrus. 

VI. Orontes, a relative of Cyrus, is apprehended when on the point of 

deserting to the king. He is tried and condemned to death. 
VII. Cyrus, supposing that the king would join battle the next day, re- 
views his army at midnight, and makes an encouraging speech to the 



x SUMMARY. 

ciiap. Greeks. The next day, with his army in order of battle, he passes a 
trench dug by the king, after which, thinking that his brother had given 
up all intention of fighting, he proceeds less cautiously. 

VIII. Suddenly and unexpectedly it is announced that the king's army is 
approaching in fine order, whereupon Cyrus and the Greek commanders 
hastily marshal their forces and prepare for battle. The Greeks, whose 
position is on the right wing, charge the enemy, and easily rout that 
part of the royal forces opposed to them. Cyrus, seeing the king in the 
centre, rashly attacks him and is slain. 
IX. The eulogy of Cyrus. 

X. The king takes and plunders the camp of Cyrus, but is repulsed from 
the Grecian camp. Joined by Tissaphernes, he proceeds against the 
main body of the Greeks, who again put his army to flight. The Greeks 
return to their camp. 



BOOK II. 

I. The Greeks hear with surprise and grief of the death of Cyrus. 
They offer the throne of Persia to Ariaeus, who declines it, and ex- 
presses his intention of returning forthwith to Ionia. The king sum- 
mons the Greeks to deliver up their arms. Finding them resolute and 
undismayed, the envoy, in the name of the king, offers them peace 
if they remain where they are, but threatens them with war in case 
they advance or retreat. They dismiss the messenger with a bold 
answer. 

II. The Greeks join Arissus, with whom they form a treaty, and take 
counsel in reference to their return. During the night following the 
first day's march, the army is seized with a panic, which Clearchus 
pleasantly allays. 

III. The next morning the king proposes a truce, and sends guides to 
conduct the Greeks where they can obtain provisions. A treaty is here 
concluded between the two parties, the terms of which are, that the Per- 
sians shall faithfully conduct the Greeks to their own country, furnishing 
them with provisions, which the Greeks are to buy, or procure from the 
country through which they pass, without doing injury to it. 

IY. Mutual suspicion, which ripens into enmity, arises between the 
Greeks and Persians. The armies pass the Median wall and cross the 
Tigris. 
V. Having halted at the river Zabatus, Clearchus, in order to put an end 
to the suspicions, seeks an interview with Tissaphernes, at whose invita- 
tion he repairs the next day to the Persian camp, with four other gen- 
erals and twenty captains.. At a given signal, the generals are made 



SUMMARY. x [ 

chap, prisoners, and the captains put to death. Ariaeus then comes to the 
Greek camp, and in the king's name demands the surrender of their 
arms. The Greeks return a reproachful answer. 
VI. The character of the five ecenerals. 



BOOK III. 

I. The Greeks are in great dejection. Xenophon, awakened from his 
slumbers by a remarkable dream, arouses first the captains of Proxenus, 
and then the generals and captains of the other divisions. At his sug- 
gestion, they elect new commanders in place of those who had been 
seized by Tissaphernes. 

II. A new council is held, at which, after speeches made by Chirisophus, 
Cleanor, and Xenophon, the order of march is resolved upon, and his 
j)Ost assigned to each commander. 

III. As the Greeks are about to commence their march, Mithridates, under 
the guise of friendship, comes to them, but soon shows that he is an en- 
emy, and they resolve for the future to enter into no negotiations with 
the Persian king. After the passage of the Zabatus, they are harassed 
by- Mithridates, and suffer for the want of slingers and horsemen. By 
Xenophon's advice, men are enrolled for these services. 

IV. Mithridates again pursues the Greeks, but is easily repulsed. They 
reach the Tigris, after which they are attacked by Tissaphernes with a 
large army. The Greeks repulse him and then change their order of 
march. Passing over a mountainous country, they are harassed by the 
enemy, but getting possession of an eminence, commanding the one 
occupied by the Persians, they descend into the plain. 
V. Having arrived at a point where the Carduchian mountains press 
close upon the river, and being still harassed by the enemy, the generals 
hold a consultation, and resolve to march over the mountains. 



BOOK IV. 

I. They enter the Carduchian territory, but suffer much from the wind 
and cold, and also from the assaults of the barbarians, by whom they are 
shut up in a valley. 
II. A prisoner is compelled to serve as a guide, who conducts a part of 
the army to an eminence, whence they disperse the barbarians, and thus 
enable the Greeks to leave the valley. 
III. They arrive at the river Centrites, which, by a series of skilful ma- 



xii SUMMARY. 

cnlp. nceuvres, they cross in safety, and disperse the Persians, who are drawn 
up on the opposite bank to oppose their passage. 
IV. The Greeks enter Armenia, pass the sources of the Tigris, and reach 
the Teleboas. Here they make a treaty with Teribazus, the satrap of 
the province, whom they soon find to be insincere. 
V. In their march through the country, they suffer intensely from the 
cold, and deep snow, as well as from the want of food. At length they 
reach some villages well stored with provisions, where they remain 
seven days. 
VI. They set out from these villages with a guide, who, being struck by 
Chirisophus, deserts them. After wandering about for several days, 
they reach the river Phasis. Thence having marched two days, they 
arrive at a mountain occupied by the Phasiani, whom with much address 
and gallantry the Greeks dislodge. 

VII. Entering the country of the Taochi, the Greeks storm a fort, in which 
they find a great number of cattle, upon which they subsist while pass- 
ing through the country of the Chalybes. They cross the Harpasus, and 
march through the country of the Scythini to Gymnias, from which town 
a guide conducts them to Mount Teches, where they obtain a view of the 
sea. 

VIII. The Greeks having descended the mountain, and made a treaty 
with the Macrones, ascend the Colchian mountains, and rout the en- 
emy who are drawn up to oppose them. Thence they descend into 
well-furnished villages in the plain, and in two days reach Trapezus, 
a Grecian city on the Euxine Sea. 



BOOK V. 

I. Chirisophus is sent to obtain ships from Anaxibius, the Spartan ad- 
miral. Xenophon, in the mean while, takes other measures to procure 
ships, in case the mission of Chirisophus should prove unsuccessful, and 
sees that the roads are well prepared for the army, should it be obliged 
to proceed by land. Dexippus betrays the trust reposed in him and de- 
serts the army. 

II. The Greeks being in want of provisions, Xenophon leads a foraging 
expedition against the Drilse. Destroying all their property in the fields, 
these people shut themselves up in their principal fort, which the Greeks, 
after meeting with a fierce resistance, take and burn. The next day 
they return to Trapezus. 

III. Embarking the camp-followers, invalids, and baggage, in the ships, 
the army commences its march towards Greece by land. At Cerasus, 
they divide the money raised from the sale of captives. The tenth part 



SUMMARY. xiii 

chap, is given to the generals to be kept for Apollo and Artemis of Ephesus. 
A short description of Scillus, the residence of Xenophon. 
IT. The Mossynoecians prohibit the Greeks from passing through their 
territory. An alliance is formed with a part of the Mossynoecians hostile 
to those opposing the Greeks. With these allies the Greeks force their 
way into the chief city, which is destroyed. The barbarous manners of 
the Mossynoecians described. 
V. The army passes through the country of the Chalybes, and arrive at 
Cotyora. Xot being hospitably received, the Greeks subsist by plunder- 
ing the Paphlagonians and the territory of Cotyora. Of this the people 
of Sinope, through their ambassadors, complain, but are satisfied by the 
reply of Xenophon. 
VI. The Greeks are advised by these ambassadors to proceed by sea. 
The design of Xenophon to build a city in Pontus, is frustrated by the 
treachery of Silanus, to whom he had communicated it. 

Til. Xenophon defends himself from the charge of intending to sail to 
the Phasis, and accuses certain of the soldiers, who some time previous 
had insulted the ambassadors from Cerasus. 

Till. The conduct and accounts of the generals being investigated, some 
are fined for delinquencies. Xenophon being accused of using severity 
towards the soldiers, admits the fact, but shows, in an eloquent speech, 
that he was justified in the circumstances. 



BOOK YI. 

I. The ambassadors of the Paphlagonians, coming to negotiate a peace, 
are treated with a sumptuous banquet. Peace is concluded with them, 
after which the Greeks sail to Sinope. Here the army determines to 
choose a commander-in-chief, and elect Xenophon, but he declines the 
appointment, the omens he offered being unpropitious. Chirisophus i3 
then chosen. 

II. The Greeks sail to Heraclea. At this place a dissension arises, which 
results in the division of the army into three parts, one composed of the 
Arcadians under their own leaders, the other two respectively under 
Chirisophus and Xenophon. 

III. At the port of Calpe, the Arcadians disembark, and making a preda- 
tory incursion against the Bithynians, are in imminent danger of destruc- 
tion, but are rescued by the timely arrival of Xenophon. They all return 
to Calpe and join Chirisophus. 

IT. The army pass a decree, that it shall be a capital offence to propose 
another separation. Xeon, contrary to the auguries, leads out two thou- 
sand men to forage, but is attacked by Pharnabazus, and retreats with 



xiv SUMMARY. 

chap, the loss of five hundred men. He is brought back to the camp by 
Xenophon. 
V. The next day, Xenophon under favorable auspices leads out the 
troops, buries those who had been slain the day before, and puts to 
flight the enemy, who suddenly had shown themselves on a hill. 
VI. The army now finds plenty of booty, which they take in perfect 
security. Oleander, the Spartan harmostes of Byzantium, arrives, and 
by the intrigues of Dexippus is at first prejudiced against the Greeks, but 
is reconciled through the wise endeavors of Xenophon. The command 
of the army is offered to him, which he declines, the omens being un- 
favorable. The army reach Chrysopolis. 



BOOK VII. 

I. At the instance of Pharnabazus, who wishes to get the Greeks out 
of his territories, Anaxibius, the Spartan admiral, invites the army, by a 
false promise of pay, to cross over to Byzantium. Having been treach- 
erously excluded from the city by Anaxibius, the Greeks force their 
way in, but are appeased by Xenophon. Cceratades, a Theban, pro- 
poses himself to the army as their general, promising to conduct 
them into the Delta of Thrace, but soon resigns the office conferred 
upon him. 
II. Many of the soldiers now leave the army, while those who remain in 
Byzantium are sold as slaves by Aristarchus, the successor of Oleander. 
The Greeks wish to cross back into Asia, but are hindered by Aristar- 
chus. Xenophon repairs to Seuthes, a Thracian chief, who had invited 
the army to enter his service, to learn upon what terms he wishes to en- 
gage their services. 

III. The Greeks accept the offers of Seuthes, and proceed to his quarters, 
where they are hospitably entertained. 

IV. They march against his enemies, whose villages they burn, but are 
attacked in their quarters by some fugitives, who had pretended submis- 
sion, and thus spied out the situation of the camp. The barbarians are 
repulsed, and submit to Seuthes. 

V. Seuthes neglects to pay the army as he had promised, whereupon 
the Greeks cast the blame of the affair upon Xenophon. 

VI. Xenophon defends himself from certain charges and suspicions in re- 
spect to the pay withheld by Seuthes. He refuses to remain with Seu- 
thes, preferring to accompany the army into Asia, whither it is about to 
proceed to engage in the war with Tissaphernes. 

VH. The absurdity of the charge of Medosades, a Thracian, against Xeno- 
phon, is shown by him, upon which the Lacedsemonian deputies refuse to 



SUMMARY. xv 

chap, conduct the Greeks into Asia until Seuthes has paid them. Xenophon 
at last prevails on Seuthes to pay the wages due to the army. 

YIII. Xenophon himself receives no pay, and is so straitened as to be 
obliged to sell his horse to raise funds. He proceeds with the army to 
Pergamus, where he is hospitably received by Hellas the wife of Gongy- 
lus. By her advice he attacks the castle of Asidates. At first he is un- 
successful, but on the following day he takes Asidates prisoner, with 
his wife, children, and all his riches. He receives a large share of the 
booty, and delivers the army to Thimbron, to be incorporated with the 
forces levied against Tissaphernes. 



XVI 



ABBREVIATIONS AND EXPLANATIONS. 



s. 


stands for Sophocles' Greek Grammar. 


H. 


u 


(< 


Hadley's 


C. 


u 


a 


Crosby's " u 


K. 


U 


u 


Kiihner's " " 


Mt. 


U 


u 


Matthias's " " 


Butt. 


(i 


a 


Buttmann's " " 


Vig. 


(t 


c< 


Yiger's Greek Idioms (Seager's ed.) 


N. 


a 


u 


note. 


cf. 


a 


u 


compare, consult. 


C. V. 


U 


t< 


connecting vowel. 


K. T. 


\. " 


a 


teal ret. Xoiird = &c. 


th. 


u 


u 


theme. 


lit. 


u 


u 


literally. 


pen. 


u 


u 


penult. 


sc. 


it 


it 


scilicet, to wit, understand. 


synt. 


« 


a 


syntax. 



The references to Buttmann are made to his larger grammar, revised by 
his son and translated by Dr. Robinson, and published in 1851. The refer- 
ences to Kiihner are to his Elementary Greek Grammar, translated by S. H 
Taylor, LL. D. 



EENOSONTOS 
KTPOT ANABASEnZ A. 



CAP. I. 



1. AAPEIOT 1 teal UapvadnBos yiyvovrcu 7raZSe? Bvo* 
ir peer fivr epos fiev 'Apraj-ep^r]*;, vecorepos 3 Be Kvpos. 'Eirel 
Be rjcrSevei Aapelos teal v7rd)7TTeve reXevrrjv rod /3iov, e/3ou- 
Xero* to) iralBe djjL^orepco irapelvai, 2. c O fiev ovv Trpecrftv- 
repo? 5 irapcov 6 ervy^ave. 7 Kvpov Be fieTdirefiireTai airo t% 
ap)(f}<; 8 rjs avrov aarpdrrrjv iirotTjo'e, 9 teal crparrfybv Be avrov 
direBei^e 9 irdvrcov ocrot, els KaarcoXov TreBlov d&poifyvrai. 
' Avafiaivei ovv 6 Kvpo? Xaftcov Tto m cracj)epv7]v &>? (f)iXov kcli 
tcjv ( EXXj]vcdv Be e^cov oirXiras dveftrj 10 rpLa/cocriovs, dp^ov- 
ra 11 Be avrtov aevcav Ilappdcnov. 

3. 'Eirel Be ireXevrrjcre Aapelo? /cat Karearrj eh rrjv /3a- 
atXeiav 'Apra%ep%r]<;, Tco~cra(f)epv7i$ BcaftdXXet rbv Kvpov 
7rpo? rbv dBeXcjiov o)9 emfiovXevoL 1 ' 2 aircp. e O Be irei&eral 
re fcai avXXa/jL/3dvec Kvpov a>? a7rofcrevo)V' 13 r} Be fi^rrjp 
e^aiTricrapLevr) M avrov diroirkfirrei rrdXiv eni rrjv dpyfiv* 
4. r O S' a>? drrTfX&e /avBvvevcas teal drifiacr&efc, (3ovXev- 
erai 07r&)? l5> firjirore ert ear at eirl rS dBeXcjxp, aXV rjv Bvvrj- 
rai /SacnXevo-ei dvr i/cecvov. Uapvaaris fiev Brj 97 firjrTjp 

»§ 190. — 2 § 157. N". 3.— s § 63. 1. — 4 Root? — 5 § 63. 2, — 6 § 146.— 
7 § 225. 8. — 8 Account for the circumflex accent (§ 34. 2). — 9 § 185.— 
30 § 133. B; 126. 1. — » § 189. — I2 § 213. 2. — 13 § 225. 5. — 14 What is this 
mid. voice equivalent to (§ 209. 2.)? — 15 §§ 214. a.; 236. N. 3. 



2 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

virrjp^e ray Kvpoy, 1 cjuXovaa avTov fiaXXov t) tov fiaaiXev- 
ovra 'ApTa%ep%7]v. 5. "O^tl? §' afyiKvelro tcov irapd fiacn,- 
Xecos irpbs avrov irdvTas ovrco BiaTiQeh direirefxireTO &*>& 2 
£avT(Z> 3 fiaXXov (plXovs elvai rj fiacriXel. Kal toov Trap* 
eavrcp Be fiapfidpcov* eirefjieXeiTO a>9 TroXefielv re l/cavol etrj- 
crav teal evvoiKcos e^otev b avrS. 6. Trjv Be ^EXXtjviktjv 
Bvvafitv tfQpoi^ev <i? 6 fJidXcaTa iSvvaro eirLKpvTnofJLevo^, 
oVa)? ore 6 airapaaicevoTaTOV Xdftoi fiacriXea. V2Se ovv eVot- 
elro ttjv avXXoytfv. ^Ottogcls el^e cf>v\afcas 7 ev tcll? iroXeai 
TraprjyyeiXe toi$ (ppovpap^oc^ 8 e/cdaTOis Xafi/3dveiv° avBpa? 
Ue\o7Tovv7]CTLov<; ori Q ifXeiGTovs Kal (SeXrio-Tovs, a>9 i7rt/3ov- 
XevovTO? Tiaaafyepvov? 10 rals iroXeat, Kal yap rjaav at 
'Icovtfcal TroXets Ticrcraffiepvovs 11 to dpyalov i/c /3aaiXeco^ 
BeBofievai, Tore S' d^earrjKecrav irpbs Kvpov irdvai 7rXrjv 
MlXiJtov. 7. 'Ev MtXrJTM Be Ttcraa(j)ipv7]<; irpoata^opbevo^ 
ra avra x2 ravra (SovXevofievov^, diro<jTr\vai 7rpo? Kvpov, 
Tou? /JLev avrcov aTreKTetve 13 tovs S' e^eftaXev. c O Be Kvpos 
viroXaj3cbv tou9 (pevyovras crvXXe^a? 14 o-rpdrev/^a eiroXiopfcet 
MlXtjtov Kal Kara yfjv lb Kal Kara SdXarrav Kal eiretparo 
Kardyetv tou9 eKTreirrcDKoras. Kal avrrj av aXXq irpo^acri^ 
rjv avrS) tov dS-pol^etv 10 CTpaTev/jia. 8. U/?o9 Be ftacnXea 
TrejJiTrcDv rj^iov dBeX(j)b<z cov avTov SoSfjval* 7 ol Tavras Ta<; 
7roXei<; fiaXkov i) Ttcraa^epvrjV dp-^etv avT&v, teal rj p<}]T7]p 
crvveTrpaTTev ai)T(p TavTa • &$9Te f3acri,Xev$ r?}9 f^ev ?rpo9 eav- 
tov e7rt(3ovXr)$ 18 ovk ya&dveTO, 19 Tcaaa^epvei Be evojju^e 
iroXepLovvTa avTov d/xcpl tgl GTpaTevfiara Bairavav ■ c5?Te 
ovBev i]^eTo' 20 avTwv TroXe/xovvTcov Kal yap 6 Kvpos dire- 
Trefiire tou9 yiyvopuevovs Batr/iovs ^aatXel eK tcov iroXewv 21 



x Why in the Dat? — 2 §§ 21; 15. 2. — 3 § 202. l. — 4 § 192, 1.— 
5 § 214. 1. — 6 § 159. 5. — 7 § 115. 2. — 8 Component parts ? — ' J §§ 101. 1 ; 
14. 1. — 10 What does this gen. abs. denote (§ 226) ? — n Synt.? — 12 § 160. 
5.— 13 §§ 133. K; 110. 2. — 14 §§ 110. 1 ; 14. 3 ; 13. 3. — 15 Account for the 
circumflex. — 16 § 222. 2, — 17 Why does the ult. here take the acute accent 
(§ 37. 2) ?— - 18 § 192. 1. — 19 Account for the 1 subs. — 20 Theme ? Used here 
in a lit. or trop. sense ? — 2i § 47. 5. 



LIB. I. CAP. I. 3 

cov 6 Tiaaafyepvris eTvyyavev^ e%cov. 9. "AXXo Be GTpd- 
revfia avTco crvveXeyeTo iv Xeppovi]crcp ttj" teaiavTiiripas 
'Aj3v8ov TovSe top Tpbirov. KXeapyos AafeeBaLfibvios cjivyas 
rjv tovtco avyyevb[ievo^ 6 Kvpos rjydcr&r} re avTov teal BxZco- 
<jiv avTco pLvptovs Bapeiteov^. 2 '0 Be Xaj3cov to y^pvalov 
o-TpdrevpLa cvveXe^ev utto tovtcov tcov ^prjfidrcop teal eiroXe- 
fi€L etc XeppovvjGOV bpficopLevos Toh Qpa^l tols* virep 'EXXya- 
ttovtov olteovcji teal ch(f)iXec tou9 "EXXrjvas* okre teal ^PVf 1 ^' 
ra avvej3dXXovTO avTco eh Tyv Tpocpyv tcov crrparccoTcov 
at *EXXrjcnTovTiaical TrbXeis eteovcraL. Tovro 8* av ovtco 
Tpecpb/ievov iXdvSavev ° avTco to arpdrevpia, 10. *Ap(- 
gtittttos Be 6 QeTTcCkos %evo$ cov irvy)(avev b avrto, teal 
7TLe£6pLevo$ vtto tcov oiteoi 6 ovt icjt acr icot cov epyeTai Trpbs TOP 
Kvpov teal alreV avrbv eh Blo-^lXlov^ £evovs teal rptcov 
pLrjveov 8 fiiaSbv, o>? ovtco irepiyevb}ievo<z* av tcov dvTLGTacrico- 
tcov. 10 *0 Be Kvpo<z BlBcoaiv avTco eh TeTpaKLcr^Xlov^ teal 
ef pLrjvojv pLioSbv, teal BetTao avTov ll /ifj irpbcr&ev tcaTaXvaai 
Trpo? tov? dvTiGTao-LCDTas Trplv av avTco avpL^ovXevarjTaL, 
Ovtco Be av to iv QeTTaXta iXdvQavev avTco Tpecpbpcevov 
CTpaTevjia. 11. TJpb^evov Be tov Bolcotlov %evov ovTa 
avTco 12 itceXevcre XaftbvTa avBpas otl TrXeicrTOVs irapayeve- 
<j§ai™ a)? eh UeicriBa^ (SovXbpLevos 9 GTpaTevea&aL^ a>? 
Trpdyiiara TrapeybvTcov tcov HeiaiBcov Trj eavTOv X^P?* ^°" 
cpalveTov Be tov STV/icpdXtov teal XcotepdTrjv tov Ayaiov, 
%evov$ ovTas teal tovtovs, itceXevcrev ctvBpas XafiovTas 15 
eXQelv otl TrXeiGTOVSy co<? TroXefitfcrcov 1 " Ticraa<pepvet crvv Toh 
cfivyden, 17 tcov MlXtjctlcov. Kal iiroiovv 1 * ovtcos ovtou 

*§§ 101. 1; 14. 2; 225. 8. — - 2 § 169. 2. — 3 Value of the daric ? See 
Note.— 4 § 169. 2. — 5 § 225. 8. — 6 Why not properispom. (§ 31. 1)? — 

7 Accus. of thing following this verb? — 6 What does this genitive denote 
(J 1S8. X. 1)? — 9 § 225. 4. — 10 § 198. 2. — n § 200. 3. — ]2 § 201. 3. — 
13 Why paroxytone (§ 35. 2)?— I4 Why proparoxytone (§§ 35. 1 ; 31. 1)? — 
15 §§ 133. A; 101.1; 14. 1. — 16 §§ 107; 225. 4. — " §§ 39. 1; 13. 8. — 
13 Why the imperf. ? 



4 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 



CAP. II. 

1. ^Eirel S' iSotcei rjBrj TropevecT&cu avTco avco, ttjv fiev 
7rp6cfiacTiv eiroielro l co? IleicriBas /3ovX6fjLevo$ i/cj3aXetv irav- 
Tcnraaiv itc tt}? %cbpas ■ koX d&poi^et &)? eirl tovtovs to re 
(3ap/3apucbv kclX to 'EXXrjvacbv to evTav&a crTpaTev/JLCi, teal 
irapayyeXXei tco t6 KXedp^co XafiovTt, tffcetv ocrov r)v clvtco 
CTpaTevfjia, fcal tco ^ApiGTiTnrcp avvaXXayevTi 7rpo? tov$ 
oil/cot, aTTOTreix^ai 2 7rpo? eavTov o eZ^e aTpaTevfia* kcli Bevia 
tco 'ApfcdBt, 05 avTco 3 irpoeaTrjfcei tov ev Tah 7r6Xecn 4 %evi- 
kov, rjKetv 7rapayyeXXei XafiovTcz tov$ avBpas ttXtjv oirbcrot,* 
ikclvoI rjcrav ra? dicp07r6Xei$ (pvXaTTeiv. 2. 'E/cdXecre 6 Be 
kcli tovs Ml\7]tov TroXiop/covvTczs, /cat tov<$ cfrvydBas 1 e/ce- 
Xevcre crvv avTco GTpaTevecrSat, viroG^o/JLevo^ 8 avToh, el 
icaXcos /caTairpd^ecev 9 ecj> 10 a icrTpaTeveTO, /jltj irpocr&ev irav- 
c-aaQcu irplv avTom KCLTayoi oc/caBe. 11 01 Be rjBeeos eirel- 
S-ovto ■ eirlcFTevov yap clvtco ■ teal Xa(36vTes tcl oirXa irapr)- 
gov eh XdpBeis. 3. Eevla? fiev Br) tov? etc tcov iroXecov 
Xaficov irapeyeveTo 12 eh SdpBeis OTrXiTa? eh TeTpa/cicr^iXi- 
oi;?. IIpQ^epos Be Traprjv eycov oirXiTas 13 jiev eh TrevTa/eocrlovs 
/cat -%iXlov$, yvjJLvrjTas Be irevTa/cocriovs* XofyalveTos Be 6 
$tv jAfydXios oirXiTas e%cov ^lXlov^* XcoKpaTi]^ Be 6 ^A^aib^ 
ottXitcls eycov a>? irevTaicoaiov^* Haalcov Be 6 Meyapevs eh 

TplCLKOGlOVS fieV 07T/UTa?, TpldfCOG-LOVS Be TreXTCLGTClS e^cov 

irapeyeveTO • rjv Be /cal ovto$ teal 6 XcotcpaTT)? tcov d/jbcpl Mi- 
Xtjtov GTpcLTevoixevcov^ 4. Ovtol [xev eh XdpBeis avTco 
acfilfcovTo. TicjcracpipvT]^ Be /caTavo-rjcra? tclvtcl, /ecu fiei^ova 
rjyrjcrd/jLevo? 15 elvai t) co? eirl HeicriBas ttjv 7rapacrKevr}V, tto- 
peveTcti o>5 fiacnXeci y eBvvciTO Td^icrra, iTTirea^ eycov a>? irev- 

MYhy the imporf. ? — 2 Why paroxijtone (§ 35. 2) ? — 3 Synt. (§ 201. 1. 
2)?— 4 Dat. plur. how formed? — 5 Pronoun adj. of what kind? — 6 § 107. 
N. 2. — 7 Nom. how formed? — 8 § 133. T. — 9 § 118. 4. — 10 How does lir\ 
become i<p (§§ 21; 15. 2)? — n § 134. 3. — 13 Tense-root ? Connecting 
vowel ? Termin. ? — - 13 § 139. — 14 Synt. ? — 15 § 210. 



LIB. I. CAP. II. 5 

TatccxTiovs. 5. Kal ftacrtXevs fiev Brj eirel ij/covae irapd 
Ttaaacpeppovs tov Kvpov cttoXov, dvTnrapeaKevd^eTO. 1 

Kvpos Be eywv 0&9 2 eiprjfca (bp/idro 2 dirb XdpBsaiv Kal 
e^eXavvei* Bid rrjs AvBlas cTaS-piovs rpeis irapaadyyas e'i- 
fcocrt, Kal Bvo eVl tov MatavBpov irorapbov. Tovrov to evpos 
Bvo irXe&pa • yecf>vpa Be lirr\v e^evyp^evrj 5 7rXoloi<; eirrd, 
6. Tovrov Biafias* e^eXavvec Bid $pvy(a? aToSp,bv eva ira- 
pacrdyyas oktco eh KoXocrcrd$ 3 ttoXlv olKOvpbevrjv, evBaifiova 
/cat [jLeydXrjv. 'EvravS-a epLecvev rjpbepa? eirrd • Kal rj/ce Me- 
vcov 6 QeTTaXbs bifkira^ e^cov ^tXlov^ teal ireXTaaTas irev- 
Tafcocriovs, AoXoiras 7 Kal Alviavm Kal 'OXvvS-covs. 7. 'Ev- 
revQev e^eXavvei craS-pLoy? rpets irapaadyya^ eUoaiv eh 
KeXaivds t?}? <Ppvyia<; ttoXlv ol/covfievr]v } /xeydXyv Kal evBai- 
fiova. 'EvravQa Kvpco fiaaiXeia rjv 8 Kal irapaBeLcros fieya<; 
dyptcov &7]pccov 9 TfXrjpT]?, a eKeZvos e&rjpevev airb lttttov, 
OTTore yvpLvdcrai 10 fiovXotro eavrov 11 re Kal tov<z Ittttovs. 
Acd fieaov Be rod irapaBeicrov pel 1 ' 6 MatavBpov TTGTapLos* al 
Be 7T7]yal avrov elcuv 13 e.K tcov fiaaiXeicov pet Be Kal Bed t??9 
KeXacvcov woXecos. 8. "Ecttl Be Kal jieydXov /SacrtXecos fta- 
aiXeia ev KeXaivah epvpivd eirl rat? Trrjyah 14 rod Mapavov 
TTorafiov 15 vtto rfj aKpoiroXeu ■ pel Be Kal o5ro9 Bid rr/$ itg- 
Xecos Kal epbfidXXei eh rbv MatavBpov rod Be Mapavov to 
evpo$ eariv etKoao koX irevre iroB&v™ 'EvravSa Xeyerai 
^AiroXKcov eKBelpai 11 Mapavav, viKi)aa<; epCCpvTa 1 * 01 Trepl 
aocfrcas Kal to Bepfia Kpepdaat 19 ev tco dvTpoy 6Qev 20 at Trrj- 
yai % Bid Be tovto 6 TroTapbbs KaXeZTat Mapavas. 9. *Ev- 
TavQa laip^Tjs, 6 Te eK ttjs 'EXXdBos rjTTTjS-eh 21 ttj p^dyrj 
d7re^copei } XeyeTat oiKoBopLrjaai, 22 TavTa Te Ta fiacriXeia Kal 

1 §§ 146; 231. — 2 § 172. 4. — 3 In what tenses are pure verbs con- 
tracted ? — ■ 4 § 17. 1. — 5 § 91. 2. — 6 Particip. how formed ? — 7 § 48. 1. ■— 
8 Why the sing. ? — 9 Synt, ? — 10 What has become of the ( of the pres. ? — 
"Why the acute accent (§37. 3)?-— 12 § 4. 2. — 13 Why unaccented? — 
14 § 34. 2. — 15 § 14. 3. — 16 §§ 190 ; 48. e. Copula and grammatical predi- 
cate of this clause ? — 17 §§ 110. 2 ; 31. 1 ; 30. 4. — lb Why two accents ? — 
19 § 107. 1ST. 3. — 20 §§ 134. 2 ; 76. 1. — 21 Dif. between depon. pass, and depon. 
mid/ — 2a § 144. 1. 



6 EXPEDITIO CYKI. 

rrjv KeXacvcov aKpoirokiv. 1 'Evrav&a e/xeive Kipo? rjfiipas* 
Tptd/covra* teal rjtce KXeapxps 6 AaKeBat[i6vio^ (frvyas eycov 
QifXiras %lXiovs teal irekraaTa^ Qpafca? oKTaKoacov? ical 
rogoras Kprjras BiaKoaiov^. r/ A/jia Be real 5W/a9 iraprjv 6 
Xvpaicovcnos e^cov oirXtra^ TpiaKoalovs, Kal 5oc£atWro9 6 
'Apfca? e^v birkiTm yikiovs. Kal evravS-a Kvpo? i^ira- 
crtv Kal aptQfjibv Tchv ^EXXrjvcov eiroirjaev iv tco TrapaBeiacp, 
Kal iyevovTO oi o-vpuravre^ oirXtrai puev fivptoi Kal %l\lqi, 
irekraaral Be a/icpl tovs Blo"%iXiov<;. 

10. 'Evrev&ev i^eXavvec <jTa&[Aov<$ Bvo irapacrdyyas BeKa 
eh IIe\Ta$, ttoXlv oiKovfiiv7]v. 'EvravS^ efietvev rj/iepas 
Tpeh * iv ah &evia<$ 6 ^ApKas ra AvKaia eQvae Kal djoyva 
e9-7]Ke • 3 rd Be aQXa rjaav arXeyyiBes yjpvaal • 4 iS-ecopet, Be tov 
dyeova Kal Kvpos. 'EvrevSev i^eXavvev G~Ta&ixov<$ Bvo irapa- 
cdyyas BcoSeKa eh Kepapicov dyopdv, itqXlv OLKov/ievrjv, ivyd- 
tt]v 7rpo? rfj Mvala %d>pq. 11. 'EvTevS-ev i^eXavvei ara- 
$/xou9 rpeh irapaadyya^ rpcaKovra eh Kai'arpov ireBiov, 
ttoXlv oiKov/jLevr)V. 'EvravS- 1 efietvev fj/iepa? irevTe • Kal roh 
arparicoTat^ axpeuXeTO /jLLcr3-b$ irXeov rj rpioov fjL7]vcov 9 b Kal 
TroXkaKL? lovre? eVl ra? &vpa$ dirrjTovv? c O Be eXiriBa^ 1 
Xiycov 8 Birjye Kal BrjXos rjv dvidtfievos ■ ov yap rjv 7rpb<? tov 
Kvpov rpoTTov eypvra pur] diroBiBbvaL? 

12. 'EvravSa dfyiKvelrai 'Eirva^a r) XvevveaLOS yvvr) 10 
tov KcktKcov flaG-cXeco? Trapa Kvpov ■ Kal eXeyeTO Kvpa Bov- 
vac yjpiqixaTa irdXkd. Tfj 8' ovv o~Tparia TOTe direBcoice Kv- 
po9 pucrQbv TeTTapcov firjvcov, Elye 11 Be r) KiXiaaa Kal 
(pvXaKas irepl avTrjv KlXtKas Kal 'AcnrevBlovs* ekeyeTO Be 
Kal avyyevecr&ai, 12 Kvpov tjj KCKtcrarj. 13. *EvTev&ev B? 
e^ekavvei cTaS/iov? Bvo irapacrdyyas BeKa eh OvfifipLov, 7ro- 
\lv oiKovfLevTjv. ^EvTav^a yv irapd ttjv 6Bbv Kprjvrj rj MlBov 
KaXovpuevT] tov <J?pvyobv fiaaiXecos, ecj) fj XeyeTai McBas tov 
XaTvpov S^ypevcraL ocv(p Kepdcra^ avTrjv. 14. 'EvTevSev 

1 Comp. parts ? — 2 Synt. ? — 3 § 110. K 1.—* Why perispom. ? — 5 § 34. 
N. 3. a. Synt. ? — 6 Account for the t subs. — 7 Nom. how formed ? — 8 § 225. 
8. — 9 §§ 121; 35. 2. — 10 § 56. — " § 93. 2. — 12 § 14. 2. — 13 § 133. K. 



LIB. I. CAP. II. 7 

i^eXavvet <7Ta$,aou9 Bvo irapaadyya^ Se/ca eh Tvpialov, 7ro- 
Xlv oLKOV^evrjv' iprauS-a e/xecvev 1 rj/iepas Tpels. Kal Xeye- 
rat Berj^rjvai 2 i) KlXcacra Kvpov 3 eiriBel^au 4 to arpdrevfjia 
avrfj. BovXo/Aevos ovv eiriBel^ai i^eracrcv Troielrat ev rco 
TreBuo tcov 'EXXtfvcov Kal tcov /Sapfidpcov. 15. 'E/ceXeuae Be 
rovs "EXXrjvas, &>? v6fios° avrols eh pud^v, ovrco ra^rivai 1 
real crrrjvai, crvvrd^at Be efcaarov tovs eavrov. 8 'Erd^rjcrav 
ovv eirl rerrdpeov ■ ° el%e Be to fiev Be^tbv Mevcov Kal oi avv 
avTco, to Be evcovv/xov KXeap-^o? Kal oi eiceivov, to Be fiecrov 
oi dXXoo GTpaT7]yoL 16. 'E&ecbpeo ovv 6 Kvpos TrpcoTov fiev 
tov$ (3ap/3dpov$' oi Be iraprjXavvov TeTay/ievoc kclt cXas teal 
kcltcl Ta^eis* eiTa Be tou9 r/ EXX7]vas, irapeXavvcov ecf) ap/ia- 
T09 Kal fj KiXicrcra ecj) dp/jLaf,td^rj^ t Eiypv Be irdvTes Kpdvrj 
%aXfca 10 Kal %iTcovas 11 cpoiviKovs Kal KvrjfiiBas Kal tcl<z dairi- 
Ba<$ eKKeKa&apfAevas. 12 17. 'EireiBrj Be irdvTas iraprjXaae, 
crTiqaa^ to appua irpb tPj<; cpdXayyos, Treaty as IliyprjTa tov 
epu7]vea irapd tovs cTpaTr/yovs tcov *EXXi]Vcov eKeXevcre Trpo- 
fiaXecrS-a!, 13 ra oirXa Kal eirt^coprjaai u oXrjv ttjv cpdXayya. 
Oi Be TavTa TrpoetTrov 10 Toh crTpaTLcoTaw 16 teal iirel ead- 
Xircy^e, 17 TrpoftaXkopievoL tcl oirXa eirrjecrav. 1 * 'jE/c Be tovtov 

S-CLTTOV TTpOlOVTCOV CTVV Kpavyfj dlTO TOV aVTO/JLUTOV Bp6fLO$ 

iyeveTo Toh GTpaTiccTais eVl r<z9 CKrjvds. 18. Tcov Be (3ap- 
/Bdpcov™ (p6j3o<? ttoXv? Kal ciXXols Kal r\ re KlXccrcra eepvyev 20 
eK tt/9 dpjjLafid^Tjs Kal oi eK tt}9 dyopa$ 21 KaTaXiirovTes to, 
covca etyevyov ■ oi Be "EXXrjve? avv yekcoTi eirl tcls crKrjvds 
rfX^ov. *H Be KiXtcraa IBovcra tt\v Xa/jLTrpoTrjTa 22 Kal tt]v 
tu^cv tov cTTpaTev/xaTos e&av fiacre. Kvpos Be tJctBt) 23 tov eK 
tcov r EXXi]vcov eh tov$ j3apf3dpovs cpoftov IBdv. 

1 Account for tin the penult? — 2 § 133. A. — 3 § 200. 3. — 4 §§ 101. 1; 
121. — 5 § 151. 4. — c § 201. 3. — 7 § 101. 1. Vv r hy is not the subject of the 
infin. here expressed? — 8 What does this gen. denote? — 9 Dialect (§ 10)? 
— *>g 53. 5. — "Xom. how formed (§ 47. 3) ? — 12 § 111. 3. — 13 Why has 
this verb one X here and two in the pres. ? — 14 Why properispomenon ? — 
15 § 133. E. — 1G § 201. I. — 17 Account for f — 1S Account for i subs. — 
19 Is this gen. subjective or objective (§ 187. N. 1)? — 20 § 102. (u). — - 21 § 34. 
2. — 22 § 139. — 23 Account for or. 



8 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

19. 'EvTev&ev i^eXavvei o-TaQ/jbovs Tpeh 7rapaadyya$ 
eiKOdiv eh ^Ikovlov, tt}? &pvyla$ iroXiv ia^dr^v. ^Evrav&a 
e/necve Tpeh rjfiipcis. 'EvTevS-ev e^eXavvet, Bia tt)s Av/caovias 
craS/iovs 1TG.VT6 irapaadyyas Tpidteovra. Tavrrjv rrjv ^d>- 
pav eireTpe^fe BiapTrdaai Toh "EXXtjglv co? iroXefilav ovaav. 
20. 'EvTevS-ev Kvpos Tip KiXiaaav eh tt)v KiXtfctav diro- 
TrkjAiret, rrjv Ta^icrTTjv 1 oSov* /cal avveTrefi^ev avry arpa- 
TLcbras o&? Mevcov elye /cal clvtov Mevcova. Kvpos Be fiera 
rebv aXXcov e^eXavvei Bia KairiraBo/Cias araSfiov<; rerrapas 
Trapacrdyyas ec/coat /cal irevre rrrpbs Advav, iroXiv ol/covfjiev7]v, 
fjLeyd\r]V /cal evBaifiova. 'Evrav&a epeivav r/fjuepa? Tpeh • ev 
g§ Kvpos diretcTeivev* dvhpa HepG7}v Meycufiepvrjv, ^olvlkl- 
gtt]V fiaaiXetov, /cal erepov 4 Tiva b twv virdpycav 8vvd(TT7]v, 
alnacrdfjLevos 6 e7rc/3ovXevetv 2 avro). 21. 'EvrevSev eiret- 
pcovro elcrftdXXeiv eh ttjv KiXc/ctav t) Be elafioXr} rjv 6Bb<; 
djia^trbs bp&la la^vpw /cal dfifyavo? elcreXQelv 7 CTparev- 
fiarc, eX tis e/ccoXvev. 'EXiyero 8 Be /cal Xvevveai^ elvai eirl 
r5)V d/epcov (jyvXdrrcov tt)v elo-ftoXTJv • Be b 9 epeivev rj/xepav ev 
rep ireBicp. Tfj S' varepala rj/cev dyyeXo? Xeycov ore XeXot- 
tt&)9 €17} 10 XvevvecTLS ra d/cpa, eVel fjaQero 11 to re Mevcovo? 
arpdrev/Jia 12 otl t}Bt} ev KtXi/cta t)v ecaco twv opecov, 13 /cal otl 
Tpnfjpei? TJ/cove irepnrXeovcras air 'Icovlas eh KtXuclav Ta/uLcov 
e%ovTa 14 Ta$ Aa/ceBacfjiovLcov /cal avTov Kvpov. 22. Kvpo? S' 
ovv dve/37} eVl Ta opT} ovBevbs kcoXvovtos lb /cal elBe tgls g/ct}- 
va<$ ov oi Ki'Xi/ces efyvXaTTOV™ 'EvTev&ev Be /caTe/3acvev eh 
TreBiov pbeya /cal /caXov, eirippvTov, 11 ical BevBpcov 13 iravToBa- 
irwv 18 efufXecov /cal djJLireXcDV ■ ttoXv Be /cal aTjaa/iov /cal 
fie\iv7}v /cal /ceyyjpov /cal irvpovs ical KpiSas <j>epei. *Opo<$ S' 
avTO irepie^ei b^vpbv /cal v^tjXov ttovtt} e/c SaXaTTT}? eh 
SdXaTTav. 

i§ 65. — 2 Synt.— 3 § 133. K. — 4 What kind of adj.? — 5 Why no ac- 
cent?—^ 194. N. 2. — 7 § 222. 6. — 8 Subj. ? — 9 What would this be un- 
accented? — 10 §§ 213. 2; 89. 1. — "What kind of dep. verb (§ 210)? — 
22 § 192. K 3. — 13 Synt.? — u % 225. ?. — 15 What does this gen. abs. de- 
note ? — 16 Why the imperf. ? — 17 §§ 1. 2 ; 142. -ros. — 18 If the ult. is to be 
accented, why perispom, ? 



LIB. I. CAP. II. q 

23. Karafias he hid tovtov rov irehiov tfXacre araSfjiovs 
rirrapa^ irapacrdyya^ irkvre teal eUocnv eh Tapcrov?, tt}? 
KtXifcias ttoXlv /jLeydXrjv KaX evhaijAova. 'EvravSa rjcrav 
ra Hvevvecno? fiaalXeta rov KlXlkcov /3ao~tXecD$ ' Sid /xecrrj^ 
he t?}? 7ro\e&>? pel iroTafios Kvhvos ovojia, evpos 1 hvo 7rXe- 
Spcov. 24. Tavrrjv tijv itoXiv igeXiwov ol evoi/covvTes fierd 
Svevvecrios eh ^copcov oyvpbv eizl ra b'prj irXrjv ol ra 
KairrjXela e^ovre^; ■ e/xeivav he teal ol rrapd rrjv SaXarrav 
ol/covvres ev SoXois fcal ev 'Icrcrois. 25. 'Eirva^a he rj 
Xvevvecrios yvvrj irporepa Kvpov irevre r/fiepa? ek Tapaovs 
dcbi/cero. 'Ev he rfj virepfioXfj rebv dpcov rcov 2 eh to irehiov 
hvo Xoyjzi rov 2 Mevcovo? crrparevfiaro^ cittgSXovto^ ol b fiev 
ecbaaav 6 apird^ovrd^ ri icaratcoTTrjvai 1 viro twv KiXlkcov, ol 
he v7ToXeL(j)&evTa$ fcal ov hwapievov? evpeiv to dXXo crrpd- 
revjia ovhe rds ohovs elra irXavcofJievov^ a7roXecrBai' rjcrav S' 
ovv ovroi etcarbv oirXlrai. 26. Ol S' dXXot iireiSrj rj/cov, rrjv 
re 7roXcv tov$ Tapcrovs hujpiraaav, hid rov oXe^pov rcov 
c-vcrTpaTicoTOJV dpyi^o/xevoi, koX ra ftacriXeia ra 2 ev avrfj, 
Kvpo$ he eirel elcrrjXacrev eh rrjv iroXiv, fiere7Te/ji7reT0 8 tov 
Svevvecriv rrpbs eavrbv ■ 6 he ovre rrpbrepov ovhevl 9 ttco 
KpeiTTOvi 10 eavrov " eh %e£pa? eXSeiv efyrj, ovre rbre Kvpqy 
livai rjQeXe, rrp\v rj yvvij avrbv eireicre teal Triarei^ eXa/3e. 
27. Merd he ravra errel crvveyevovro dXX7]Xois 12 %vevvecri<$ 
[xev ehcofce 1 * Kvpa> y^pr^iaTa rroXXa eh ttjv crpartdv, Kvpo? 
h' efcecv(p hcopa a vopbl^erai 1 * irapd f3acriXei rtfita, Xitttov XP v ~ 
GoyakiVQV fcal arpeiTTov yjpvcrovv lb /cal tyeXXia koX d/civd- 
K7]v tepverovv fcal aroXjjv UepcriKijv, ko\ ttjv X c ^P av f jL V K ^ TC 
d§api7aC ) ecr§ai ■ 1G Ta he r/pTrao-pLeva 17 dvhpdiroha, r\v irov 
ivTvyxdvcocTi v, diToXa[Jb^dveiv. 

2 § 182. — 2 § 169. 2. — 3 § 169. 1. — 4 § 113. — 6 § 166. 2. a. — 6 Root ? 
— 7 Why properispomenon ? — 8 What does this imperf. denote ? — 9 § 201. 
5. — io g§ 6 .i. 3. x te; 65. — n § 198. 1. — 12 Synt. ? — 13 § 110. K. 1.—.J 
14 § 151. 1. — 15 § 58. 5. — 1G § 179. — 17 Account for a- in the antepe-. 
nult. 



10 EXPEDITIO CYKI. 



CAP. III. 

1. *Evrav&a €fjL€ive Kvpos kcli 7] ar pared rjfjLepas 1 eiicocnv 
ol jap (TTparicoTCU ov/c ecpaaav levai rov 7rpoaco • vircoirrevov, 
jap 7/877 errl ftacnXea Ikvai ■ /JUcr&cD&rjvai Be ovk errl rovrco 
efyaaav. ITpcoro? Be KXeapyps tovs avrov arparccora^ e(3(,d- 
£ero* ikvai % ol Be avrov re efiaXXov 2 teal ra virotyjia ra 
ifceivov, eirel rjp^aro irpolevaL. 2. KXeap^os Be Tore poev 
jJUKpov* e%i(bvje b rov fir] /cararrerpco^vat, varepov S' eirel 
ejvco ore ov Bwrjcrerai /3idcraaQat, cvvrjjajev 6 e/c/cXTjaiav 
rcov avrov arpartcorcbv ■ koX irpcorov fiev eBd/cpve,* iroXvv 
Xpovov ecrra)? ■ 7 ol Be opoovres iS-avfia^ov, 3 fcal ecrccoircov • elra 
Be eXege rotdBe. 8 

3. i! AvBpe$ arparichrat, 5 fir) ^avfid^ere on ^aXeirco<; (f>epco 
rot? irapovcn irpdjjiacnv. 'JS/xol 10 jap Kvpo<? %evo$ ejevero 
Kai fie (f>evjovra i/c t?}? rrarpiBo? rd re ciXXa erlji^cre ical 
[ivpiovs eBcQ/ce Bapeifcov?' o&? ejeo Xaftcov ovtc eh ro cBcov 11 
KareQe/JL7]v ifiol dXX* ovBe /ca3-7]Bvird3-r]cra, dXX* eh v[ia$ eBa- 
irdwv. 4. Kal irpcorov fiev irpbs roij$ Qpatcas eiroXefirjaa, 
koX virep rr}<$ 'EXXdBo? iri/jicopovfi7]v ^e^' vficov, he rfjs Xep- 
povrjerov avrovs e^eXavvcov fiovXofievov? dfyaipelorSai rovs 
evoucovvras r/ E\Xr]va$ 12 rrjv jrjv.™ 'EiretBi) 13 Be Kvpos i/cd- 
Xei, Xafitov vp,a$ eiropevofiriv, iva el rt Bio or o cocpeXotrjv avrov 
av# cov ev eiradov vir etceivov. 5. iLirei, be vfiet^ ov 
fiovXecrQe cv/JLiropeveaQai,, dvdjtCT] B?] [jlol t) u/^a? irpoBovra 
rfj Kvpov (pcXla 16 ^prjoSai rj irph? etcelvov ^evaajjuevov fxeSt 
v/jlcov levat. El [lev Brj Biicata irotrjcrco ov/c olBa } alpr)o~op,a(, 
o ovv u/xa? tcai aw v/jllv o n av bey rreicrofiaL. Kai ov- 

2 § 186. 2.— 2 § 211. H". 12. — 3 What does this imperf. denote? — 4 § 
135. 2. — 5 § 230. 3.— c § 94. l. — 7 § 133. — 8 § 76. 1. — 9 § 156. K. 5. — 
10 Synt. ? — " Ellipsis of what word with ftiov ? ~ 12 § 184. 1. — :3 Moods which 
follow e7r€f5)) (§ 217)? — 14 Does aurl have here its prim, or second, signif. ? 
— 15 Antecedent qf £*? Why the gen. (see N.)? — 16 § 206. N. 2.— - 17 Root 

(§ 133. n.)? 



LIB. I. CAP. III. XI 

irore epet o&Bels co? eyco f/ EXX7]va<; dyaycov ei9 7*01/9 fiapfid- 

pOVS, TTpoBoV? TOVS " EWtJVO,? T7]V TCOV ftdpfidpCDV CptXlaV 

ei\6fL7]v. G. 'AXXa irrel vptets ipol ov/c iQeXere 7recS-eaSat 
ovBe erreG&at, iyco gvv vptv e^ropat /cal 6 rt av Berj rreiGo- 
ficu. Nofil^co yap vpLas ijjiol elvat /cal irarpiBa /cal cplXov? 
/cal GvptpLa^ovs, teal gvv vptiv pev av olptat elvai tlllios ottov 
av &, vficov 1 8' epr]/jLo<; gov ov/c av l/cavb? elvai olptat ovr av 
cpiXov tocfreXrjGai 2 ovr av e^S-pbv aXe^acrQaL. f J2? epbov ovv 

LOVTOS OTTTj CLV KaX Vptet? OVTCQ T7]V yVCOpLTjV e^ere. 7. TaVTa 

elirev ■ oi Be Grpancorat oi re avrov e/cetvov /cal oi dXXot 
ravra d/covGavre^ on ov cpairj 2 rrapa (3aGtXea iropeveG^at 
eirrjveaav ■ 4 rrapa Be zZevcov /cal UacricDvos irXeiov^ rj Big^l- 
Xtot Xaj36vres ra 07rXa /cal ret G/cevocpopa eGrparorreBev- 
uavTO rrapa KXedp^rp. 8. Kvpos Be rovrot$ b drropcov re 
/cal Xvrrovptevo<; pier eire purer o 6 rbv KXeapvov ■ 6 Be levat ptev 
ov/c rfoeXe, XdSpa Be rcov Grpartcorcov 7 rrepbrrcov avrco clyye- 
Xov eXeye 9-appetv a>? icaraGrrjGoptevcov rovrcov* et? rb Beov 
fier aire [ait ea&ai, B' e/ceXevev avrov auro9 S' ov/c ecprj levat. 
9. Mera Be ravra Gvvayaycov tou9 $' eavrov Grpartcora? 
/cal roil? 7rpoGeX3-6vra$ avrco /cal rcov clXXcov 5 rbv (3ovXopte- 
vov, eXePe rotdBe. 

,f AvBpes Grpancorat, ra ptev Bij Kvpov BP]Xov ore ovrcos 
e}(et 777:09 ?}/xa9 coGrrep ra rjpterepa rrpbs e/cetvov ovre yap 
fjjiefc e/celvov ert Grpartcorat, eirei ye ov GvverropeQa avrco, 
ovre e/celvos ert yjxtv ptG^oBor-qs. 10. r/ Ort ptevrot dBt/cei- 
crQat vopti^et vcp? r qptcov ol$a • &are /cal pberarreptrrofievov av- 
rov* ov/c eQeXco eXS-etv, rb fiev \xeytarov aloryvvofievo^ ort 
Gvvotoa e/iavrcp rravra exfevcrLLevos avrov* eiretra be teat 
BeBttos 11 Li?] Xaftccv pte Bl/cr^v em&f) &v vopti^et vir eptov rjSt- 
(crjaQai. 11. *E/wl ovv Boicet ov-% copa elvat rj/xtv 12 /caS-ev- 
Beiv ovS* cipteXetv rjptcov 13 avrcov, dXXd /3ovXeveG$at 6 rt ^pi) 
rrotetv i/c rovrcov. Kal ea>9 re ptevoptev avrov G/ceirreov lloi 

»§ 203. 3. — -§ 222. 6. — 3 § 213. 2. — 4 Account for the i subs.— 
5 Synt. ? — 6 Why the imperf. ? — 7 § 18Y. 2. — 8 § 226. a. — ° Does this gen. 
abs. denote time or cause ? — " § 91. 2. — u § 133. A. — 12 Synt, ? — 1S § 193, 



12 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Botcec 1 elvai 07ra>9 da^aXearara fievov/jbev • ecre tjBt] Boteel 
airievai, 07tg>9 a>9 da^aXearaTa^ aTrcfiev, teal oVa)? rd eTTiTrj- 
Beta e^ofiev dvev yap rovrcov ovre 3 arpar^yov ovre IBidorov 
ocfrekos ovBev. 12. c O Be dvrjp iroXXov* fiev d\;io<$ <j)lXo<; & 
av <f>tXo<; ??, yaXerra^raro^ 5 8' iyftpos & dv 7roXefico<; fj. ''Etc 
Be Bvvafiiv e%ei koX Tre^rjv teal Ittttlk^v 6 ko\ vavrt/erjv fj rrdv- 
T69 6/W&)9 opco/jbiv re teal eiTLGTapbe^a ■ teal yap ovBe iroppco 
Bo/covfiev fxob avrov tca&rja&ac ware to pa Xeyew 7 6 t* 8 rt$ 
ycyvcoa/cec dpiarov 9 elvat. Tavra elircov eiravaaro. 

13. \E/e Be tovtov dviaravro ol fiev etc rod avro/idrov, 
Xef-ovre? a eyiyvcoo-teov, ol Be koI vrr e/eetvov eyteeXevcrTOi, 
€7nBetKvvvre<; 10 oca ecr) t\ diropia, dvev T779 Kvpov yvcofi^ 11 
/cal fieveiv teal dirievai. 14. Eh Be Brj elire, Trpocrirotovfievo^ 
arrevBecv a>9 rdyiGra iropevecr&ai eh rrjv *EXXdBa, arparr)- 
701)9 fiev eke<j§ai 12 aWoi/9 g>9 rdyiGTa, el fifj (BovXerai KXe- 
ap%09 dirdyeiv • rd K eirLTrjBeia dyopd^ecr&ai ■ 13 {fj 8* dyopd 
r]V ev t£ f3ap/3aptfc5) crrparevfiari •) fcal crvateevd^eaBai • u 
eXSovra? Be Kvpov alrelv irXola,™ a>9 diroirXeotev™ edv Be 
/jlt) BiBw ravra, rjyefiova alrelv Kvpov ocrri? Bid $>CXia<$ 7779 
X&pa? drra^ei, *Edv Be firjhe rjye/iova BiBa), crvvrdrrea^at 
rrjv TayLcrrriv, rrkfi'tyai Be koX 7rpoiearaX7]^roiJievov^ 17 rd dtcpa, 
07ra>9 fir] <j)&dercocrL 18 firjre Kvpo<$ firjre ol KlXt/ees tearaXa- 
f36vre$, 19 S)V 7roXXov$ teal TroXXa yjpr)fiara e^ojiev dvr\prra- 
teore?. 05to9 20 fiev Br) roiavra elire' fierd Be tovtov KXe- 
a P% ^ € ^ 7re togovtov ■ 15. c /29 fiev GTparr\yr]GOVTa ifie 
ravrrjv rr)v arpar^yCav fjL7}Bel<z v/jlwv Xeyirco * TroXka yap 
evopco oc a e/ioi rovro ov iroi7]reov* 0)9 oe t&> avopi ov av 
€\r]o-&e TTeiGOfiat' 2 ' 4 fj Bvvarov fidXcara, iva elBrjre on teal 
apxeoSai e7ricrra/xac W9 ri$ teal ak\o<z fidXiara avSpcoircov. 
16. Merd tovtov dXXo<; dvearT), e7nBeLtcvv<; fiev rrjv evrj&eiav 

1 § 153. a. — 2 Compare this adj. (§ 63. 4). — 3 § 229. I. — 4 § 200. K 2. 
— 5 Wby wraros and not oTaTos? — G § 142. — 7 § 222. 2. — B § Id. 2.— 
9 Compare. — 10 § 123. — n § 19T. 2. — 12 Hoot ? — 13 § 143. — 14 Theme? — 
»g 184. 1. — 16 § 214. I.— 17 Composition? Synt. (§ 225. 5)?— 18 Why 
subjunct. (§§212. 1; 214. 1)? — 19 § 225. 8.— ™$ 163. 1.— 21 § 206.4.— 
22 §06. Synt? — 23 § 133, IL r 



LIB. I. CAP. III. 13 

rov ra ifkola alrelv 1 /cekevovros, wcnrep* rrakiv rov arokov 
Kvpov fir] iroLOVfievov, eTuheiicvvs he a>? evrjSes elrj 3 fjyefjiova 
alrelv rrapd rovrov co kvfiacvofjLeQa ri]v irpd^cv. El Be ri 
/cal tc3 rjye/jLovc* marevaofMev c3° av Kvpos Sidw, tl° /ccokvec 
koX ra cifcpa rj/xlv /cekevecv Kvpov irpo/caraka/jifidveiv ; 17. 
'Eycb yap 6/cvolrjv 7 fiev av et? ra ifkola ejifialveiv a r\\xlv 
Bolt), firj r/fias avrals ral$ rpojpeac /carahv&rj* (f)of3oLjJL7]v 9 8' 
av Ta> rjyefjLOVL (£ hoirj ernecS-ac, fir) rj/jbas dydyrj oSev ov% 
olov 10 re ecrrat i^ekQelv ■ fiovkoLfJLrjv 8' av a/covro^ a7ricov 
Kvpov kaQelv avrbv drrekS-cov ■ b ov Bvvarov ecrriv. 18. 
'3XV eycoye 11 <\>r)jM ravra fiev tykvapias elvac 8o/cel Si /jloi, 
avSpa? ekQovra? 7rpo? Kvpov oXrives 12 emr-qSeiOi crvv Kke~ 
dpyjs epcorav™ i/celvov, rl 14L fiovkerao rjiilv xpfjaS-at, 9 /cal eav 
fiev ?) Trpa^Ls y irapaifkrjaia oiairep x * /cal irpocr^ev i^prjro 
rols %evoi<;, 16 eirecr&aL /cal r)j±d<$ /cal fjur) /ca/ciov? 12 elvai row 
rrpocr&ev rovrcp crvvavaftdvTCQV* 19. edv Se fiel^cov 17 r) irpa- 
f~ 69 rr)<$ rrpooS-ev (palvrjrac /cal eirtrrovcDrepa /cal em/civSwore- 
pa, atjiovv rj Trelcravra 13 rj/ids dyeiv rj ireicr^evra irpbs (j^ckiav 
depcevat • ovrco yap /cal eiro/xevoL 19 civ cblkoL avrco /cal 7rp6S-v- 
jjlol eiroifjbe&a /cal dmovres dercbakebs av drr lot fiev % o re 8' civ 
7rpo? ravra keyrj 20 d.irayyeTkai 21 Sevpo • r)p,a<z 8' d/covaavra^ 
rrpbs ravra ftovkevecrBai. 20. *E8o%€ ravra, /cal avSpas 
ekofievoc crvv KXedpyco irefirrovcnv, ol r/pcorcov Kvpov ra 86- 
%avra rfj err pared. f Q 8' drretcpivaro ore d/covoc *A(3po/c6^ 
fiav i^pbv avSpa" 2 iirl roj Evcppdrrj rrorafico elvat, dire-, 
yovra 8co8e/ca ara^fjiov^ ■ rrpbs rovrov ovv ecprj (3ovkecr$aL 
ekS-elv /cav™ fiev fj i/cel, rrjv Bl/ctjv efyrj yj>r)^etv eiri&elvae 
avrcpy rjv -Se (jyevyy, rj/xel^ i/cel 7rpo? ravra /3ovkevcr6/jLeS-a. 



J § 179. a. — 2 § 226. a. — 3 Subject? — 4 Synt. ? — 5 Why the dat.?~ 
8 What does the accent show this to be? — 7 §§ 117. c. ; 215. 1. — 8 Why 
subjunct.? — 9 Why optat.? — 10 § 157. d. — " § 68. X. 3. — 12 Decline.— 
13 Accus. of thing (§ 184. 1) ? — 14 § 182. — 15 § 171. 1. — * § 206. N. 2. — 
17 How formed (§ 64. 3)? — 18 Root? Tense how formed? — 19 § 225. 6. — 
20 Upon what verb docs this subjunct. depend? — 21 § 110. 2. — 22 § 156. X. 
5.— 43 §20.N. 1. 



14 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

21. 'Afcovaravres Be ravra oi alperoV dvayyeXXov&i Toh 
cTTpaTLcoraLS ■ rcw Se viroyjria* fiev r)v oti dyei Trpb? fiao-tXea, 
ofjLoo? Be eBbfcei, 3 eirea^ai. UpoaaiTovai Be /mgSov • 6 Kvpos 
viTKryyelTai tj/jlioXlov Tract Bcoaecv ov irporepov efapov, dvrl 
BapetKOv rpla r)/jLcBapei/ca rod jxrjvb^ rco arpaTtcorrj' on Be 
eirl (SacriXea dyoi ovS* ivravty rjfeovaev ovBeh ev ye tgj cjya- 
vep&. 



CAP. IV, 

1. 'EvrevQev e^eXavvec crraQfjiovs Bvo irapacrayyas Betca 
eirl 7ov Xdpov nrorafiov, ov rjv to evpos rpia TrXeSpa. 'Ev- 
revQev i^eXavvet ara^^bv eva rrapacrdyyas irevre eirl tov 
Uvpapiov rrorafjiov, ov to evpos gtclBiov. 'EvTevQev e^eXav- 
veu G-TctQfiov? Bvo Trapaadyyas TrevTe/caiBe/ca eh 'Iggovs, t/}? 
KiXitc[a<; ecr^aTTjv ttoXlv eVl ttj SaXaTTrj olfcovfievrjv,* fieyd- 
Xrjv 6 /col evBaijjiGva. 2. ^Evtclv&cl epieivav rjfjiepas Tpeh' /cal 
Kvp(p Traprjaav' 1 ai eic UeXoTTOwrjGov vrje? TpiaKOVTa tcai 
irevTe fcal eir avTah vavapyo^ IlvS-ayopas AaKeBaifibvio^. 
c HyetTo S' avTcov 9 Tafza)^ AlyvirTtos ef 'Ecjiecrov, e^cov vavs 10 
eTepas Kvpov nrevTe kcli ec/coacv, ah eTroXcopfcec MiXtjtov, oVe 
TcGGacpipvy (jiiXr] 11 rjv, teal GweTroXefiei* Kvpcp Trpbs avTOV. 
3. Tlaprjv 12 Be /col XeipiGofyos 6 AafceBatfiovLos eirl tcov ve&v, 
(leTdTrepLTTTO^ biro Kvpov, eiTTaicoGiovs e^cov OTrXiTa?, &v 
eGTparrjyeL, rnrapa Kvpay. Ai Be v?}e<z l * cop/mow Trapa ttjv 
Kvpov G/crjvrjv. 'EvTav&a fcal oi Trap *A/3pofc6fia pbiG&ofyo- 
poi "EXXrjve? drroGTavTe^ rjX&ov Trapd Kvpov TeTpatcoGioi 
OTrXtrat koX avvecrTpaTevovTo eirl fiaatXia. 

4. 'EvTevS-ev e^eXavveo GTaQfibv eva nrapacrdyya^ TrevTe 
eirl TTvXa? tt)$ KiXtfcia? fcal t?}? ^vpias. ^Haav Be TavTa 

*§ 142. — 2 § 139. Theme? — 3 Subj. (§ 153. a)? — 4 Synt.? — 5 Theme? 
— 6 § 62. — 7 Significations of Trapa when followed by the gen., dat. and ac- 
cus. ? -— 8 § 144. 2. — ° § 189. — 10 Decline. — " Why fem. gend. ? — w Fol- 
lowed by what case ? — 13 Dialect? 



LIB. I. CAP. IV. 15 

Bvo rei^r), 1 teal to fiev eaaSev irpb t?}? KiXueia? Hvevvecris 
€L%€ Kal KlXlkcdv <})v\a/c?], to 8* etjco to* irpb tt}9 Xvpias /3a- 
crtXeco? eXeyeTO (j>v\aKr) (pvXaTTecv. Aid puecrov Be pel tov- 
toov iroTafib^ Kepcros ovofia? evpos irXeS-pov. ff Airav Be to 
fieaov tcov Tet^cov rjaav gtoZloi Tpeh • Kal TrapeXSetv ovk 
rjv* ft {a* rjv yap rj nrdpoBo? crTevrj Kal tcl Tei^q ek ttjv Sa- 
\aTTav Ka^rjKovTa, V7rep^ev b 8' rjcrav ireTpai rjXtfiaToc eirl 
Be tols Tel^eatv dficpoTepocs ecpetcrTTJKeorav 6 irvXai. 5. Tav- 
tt]<; eveKa ttjs nrapoBov Kvpos t«? vav<$ pLeTeTreji^aTO, 1 07ra)9 
oirXiTa^ aTrofiiftdcreiev 8 eccrco Kal e^co tcov ttvXoov, Kal ftiacrd- 
fievot tovs 7ro\efjLiov<; irapeX^otev, el epvXaTToeev eirl rat? 
Xvpiacs irvkais, oirep coeTO Troirjcreiv 6 Kvpos top 'AfipoKO- 
fiavy e^ovTa iroXv crTpaTev/ia. 'AftpoKopLas Be ov tovto 
eiroi^crev, dXX' e7rel rjKOVcre Kvpov ev KlXikicl ovTa? dva- 
o-Tpe'^ra^ eK <t>otVLK7]<; irapa (SaatXea dirriXavvev, e^cov, a>? 
eXeyeTO, TptaKOVTa puvpidBas 10 (TTpaTias. 

6. 'EvTeu^ev e^eXavvec Bid %vpia<$ crTa^fibv eva irapa- 
cdyya? TrevTe eh MvpcavBpov, ttoXlv OLKov/jiivrjv biro Qoivi- 
kcov eirl tt} ^faXaTTj] • efiTropiov S' r\v to %copiov Kal coppovv 
avjo^ft 11 6\Kci8e<; 7roXXaL 7. 'EvTav^ ejxeivav rjpLepa? 
eTTTcc- Kal ftevlas 6 'Ap/ca$ GTpaTrjybs Kal Ilaalojv 6 Meya- 
peu? e/jL/3dvTe<; V2 eh irXolov Kal to, TrXeiaTov a^ta ev^epevot 
direirXevcrav, 12 a>9 pev tois ifkeicrTOLS eBoKovv, (piXoTip^evTe^ 
otc tovs crTpaTLooTas avToov tovs Trapd KXeap%ov a7reX$6v- 
Ta?, a>9 aTTtovTas eh Trjv 'EXXdBa nrdXcv Kal ov 777209 /3acn- 
Xea, el'a 1 * Kvpos tov KXeap^ov e^etv, *Eirel S' ovv rjcrav 
depavecs, 15 BifjXbe X0709 otc Bccokol avTovs Kvpos Tp ltj peat* 16 
Kal ol puev ev^ovTO a>? BoXlovs QVTas avTOus Xrjcjftfjvat,, 17 ol 8 
(pKTecpov 18 el dXcbcrocvTO. 1 * 

8. Kvpos Be crvyKaXecras 20 tou? GTpaTrjyovs elirev 'Atto- 

1 When are nouns of the third declens. contracted? — 2 § 169. 2. — 3 
§ 182. — 4 Subj.?~ 5 § 134. 2, — G § 91. b. K 3. — 7 Why mid. voice ?-^ 
6 Why optat. ? — 9 § 225. Y. — 10 § 79. 5. — » § 134. 1. — 12 Root ?— 13 Why 
TrAeu here and tt\€ in the pres. ? — 14 Augment? — 15 Why perispom.? — . 
w Synt, ? — 17 § 133. A, — 18 Account for 1 subs. — 19 Root? — 20 Account for 7. 



16 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

XekoLiraaiv 1 fjfjcas Tievias fcal Ilacrlcov • aXV ev ye jxevTOt, 
eiricndaB-cocrav oti ovre aTrohehpatcaariv 2 olSa yap oittj ol- 
^ovraf ovre diroire^evyacriv' e%a> yap Tpirjpei? (bare eXeiv* 
to ifcelvcov ifkolov. 'AXka jia* tov$ $eou9 ovk eycoye avrovs 
Slco^co • ovSe ipel ovSeh o>9 eyco e&)9 [lev av irapy 5 77,9 %p<S- 
fiai, iTreihav Se dirievai fiovXrjTat, avWaficov Kal avrov? 
fcatca)? 7roico Kal ret ^py/jbara diroavkS). 'AWa lovtcov, 6 el86- 
T€9 ore fca/ciovs elal 1 irepl r)jid^ r) rjfMeh Trepl eiceivovs. Kai- 
tol e^co ye avrcov Kal retcva Kal yvvaiKa^ ev TpaXKecn 
(ppovpov^eva* aXk ovSe tovtcov 9 areprjaovrat, dX\! dirokrj- 
tyovrai 7-779 TrpoaQev 10 eveica Trepl e/ne dperrjs. 9. Kal 6 fiev 
ravra enrev ■ ol he r/ EWrjves, el ti<z teal d&vfiorepos r\v 777509 
tt)v avdftacTLv, 11 d/eovovre^ tt)v Kvpov dperyv rjSiov Kal irpo- 
^vfiorepov crvveiropevovTO. 

Merd ravra K.vpo$ e%e\avvei <TTa$fjLov? Terrapas irapa- 
cdyya? etteoaiv eirl rev XdXov iroTay^bv, ovra to e£po9 7r\e- 
Qpov, TfXrjpr) S' I'x&vwv fieydXcov teal 7rpaecov, 12 01)9 ol ^Zvpoi 
$eot>9 evofu&v teal d8t/eeiv 13 ovk eicov, ovSe rd? irepicrTepds. 
Al Be K(h}Jbai ev ah ecner\vovv^ UapvcrdTtho<z lb rjaav eh ^clovrjv 
SeSo/jiivai. 10. 'Evrev&ev e^eXavvec aTaS/iov? irevre Trapa- 
adyyas rpcd/eovra iirl 7*a9 7rrjyd<; rod Aapdhateos iroTapiov™ 
ov to evpos nrfke&pov. 'EvTav&a rjaav Ta Be\earvo$ fiaai- 
\eca tov 2vpLa$ 17 ap^avTos, Kal irapaSetaos irdvv [leyas Kal 
Ka\6$, e^cov nrdvra oaa 18 oypat <^vqvgl. Kvpos &' avTov 
i^eKoyJre Kal Ta /3a&i\eta KaTeKavaev. 

11. EvTevBev e^eXavveo &TaQfiov<; Tpeh irapaadyya^ 
irevTeKaiheKa eirl tov EvcjjpaTrjv TTOTa/iov, ovTa to evpos TeT- 
Tapcov GTahicov Kal ttoXls avToS-i (pKetTO fieydXr) Kal evSac- 
ficov Qd'tyaKO? ovofiari. 19 *EvTav&a ejieivav r)fiepa<z irevre • 
Kal Kvpos fJLeTaTrefjLtydfievos rou9 crTpaTrjyovs tcov 'EWrjvcov 

x § 99.— 2 § 133. A. How does fyda become SidpdvKu ? — 3 § 223. 1. 
Root?— - 4 § 183. — °§ 217. 2.-~ 6 § m. 4. — 7 Dif. between elcrl and clcri? 
_«§ 56. — 9 §§ 200. 3; 177. 3. — 10 § 161. 1. — " § 139. — 22 § 62, Decline. 
— 13 § 222. 3. — H Theme ?— i5 § 190.-— 16 Why penspomj — ,7 Synt.? — 
18 A pronom. adj\ of what kind ? — 10 § 206. 2. 



LIB. I. CAP. IY. in 

eXeyev on r) 6809 eaoiro 7rpb<z /3aaiXea /ieyav eh Ba/3vXcova* 
/cal /ceXevei avrovs Xeyeiv ravra roh arpancorai? fcal dva- 
7T€l3-6CV eirecrQai. 12. 01 Be iroirjcravres eKfcXrjalav aTrrp/yeX- 
Xov ravra ■ ol Be arparicorai e^aXeiraivov rots arparrjyoh 3 
fcal ec^aaav avrovs 1 irdXai ravra elBoras 2 tcpvirreiv? fcal ov/c 
e<paaav levai,* edv pirj ns avrots yjpr)\iara BtBp, cocrirep kgX 
roh irporepoLs pierd Kvpov avafiaai rrapa rbv rrarepa rod 
Kvpov, fcal ravra ovtc eirl pid^rjv lovrojv, dXXd /caXodvro? 
rod irarpbs* Kvpov. 13. Tavra ol arparrjyol Kvp(p dirrpj- 
yeXXov 6 8' virecryero 1 dvBpl etedcrrep 8 Bcoaeiv irevre dpyv- 
plov fivds, 9 eirdv 1 * eh BafivXciva tjkcogi, fcal rbv fitcr^bv hrre- 
XP] pe^pis av Karaarrjcrr] robs "EXXrjvas eh 'Icovtav rrdXtv. 
To fiev Br/ rroXv rod ' EXXtjvikov ovrcos eireia^rj. Mevcov Be 
irplv BtjXov eivai rl rroirjcrovcriv ol dXXoi arpancorai, rcbrepov, 
e^ovrai Kvpcp r) ov, crvveXe^e rb avrov arpdrevpia %wpl9 r£)i 
aXXcov " /cal eXe^e rdBe. 12 

14. "AvBpes, eav ipiol ireia^rjre, ovre /civBvvevcravres 
ovre irovrjaavre^ r&v aXXcov rrXeov TrponpiijcrecrQe arpanco- 
rcov vtto Kvpov. Ti ovv /ceXevco iroirjaai ; Nvv Belrai Kdpos 
eireoS-ai robs r/ EXXr)va$ eirl f3acriXea ■ iyco ovv (prj/il v/ias 
Xprjvao Bia/3r)vai rbv Eicfcpdrrjv rrorapbbv irplv BrfXov eivai 1 * 
o ri ol dXXoi "EXXrjves diro/cpivovvrai Kvpco. 15. *Hv /iev 
yap -Klrr](f)iGO)vrai li eirecrSai, vpieh Bo^ere air 10 1 elvai ap^av- 
res rod Biaf3aiveiv lb ical o>9 irpoS-v/xordrois ovcriv v/iiv %dpiv 
elcrerai Kdpos /cal diroBcocrei • (iiricrrarai 8' el ris /cal dX- 
Xo9*) rjv 8' diro-^rri^LGcovrai ol dXXoi, airipiev /iev airavres 
eh rovpnraXiv, vpiv 8' C09 piovocs irei&ofievois iriarordrois 
^prjcrerai /cal eh (ppovpia koX eh Xo^aytas • fcal dXXov ovri- 
vos av BerjcrS-e olBa on C09 <j)iXov rev^ecrS-e Kvpov. 16 16. 
'A/covcravres ravra eireiS-ovro teal Biefirjaav irplv rou9 ciXXovs 

2 § 160. 4.— 2 § 133. E. — 3 § 101. 1. Accusative of person (§ 184. 1)? 
— 4 § 222. b. — 5 Why subjunct. ? — 6 What does this gen. abs. denote?— 7 
§ 133. T. — 8 § 76. 2. — 9 Why circumflexed (§ 43. 5)?— 10 Composition?— , 
"Synt.? — B § 74. — 13 § 223. 1. — 14 § 143. Theme?— 15 § 189.— in 
§ 197. 2. 



18 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

aTTOtcpivacr&ai. Kvpos S' iirel ya&ero 1 Siafte/Srj/coTas* yaSrj 3 
re /cal toj arparevfjiaTL irep^a^ TXovp elirev ■ 'Eyco p,ep, co 
dpBpes, r)Sr) vjjlcls eiraipa)' ottco? Be /cal vpiels ip,e eiraipeaeTe 
ifiol pueXrjaec^ rj pL7]/ceTC pue Kvpop vopbi^ere. 17. 01 pXp Br), 
arparicorai iv eXiricrt^ pbeydXacs opTes evyopTo avrbv evrv- 
'fflcrat,* MivcQVt, Be /cal Bcopa eXeyeTO Trepb^rat pbeyaXoirpe- 
ttcqs, Tavra Be Trotrjaa? Buefiaipe • avveiirero Be /cal to aXXo 
arpdrevpia avT& airav /cal tcop ScafiaLPOPTcop 6 top itotcl- 
pcbp ovSels i/3pe^7] dvcoTepco 7 tojp fiaa&cov 8 virb tov ttoto- 
fiov. 18. 01 Be Qa^aK^vol eXeyov otc ov ttojtto^ 9 ovtos 10 
6 TroTapLos BcaftaTos 11 yevouro ire^fj el /jltj tot6, dXXd ttXolqis 
a Tore *A/3po/copias Trpoicbp 12 /caTe/cavcrep, iva per) Kvpo? Sta- 
(3f). 'EBo/cei,* Br) 3-eiop eivai /cal <rac£co? viro^copr^oraL tov 
iTOTaphv Kvpcp a>9 (SaaCXevGOPTL. 

19. 'EvTevS-ev e^eXavvei Bed t?)9 2vpia$ GTa&pi,ov$ evvea 
Trapaadyya^ irevTrjfcovTa, /cal dcfrtfcvovvTat 7rpo? top 'Apd^rjp 
TTOTapLOP. *EpTav&a rjcrap /ccopLai vroXXal fieaTal ctltov /cal 
ocpov. *EpTav&a epuewap rjpLepas Tpet? ical eireaiTiGavTO^ 



CAP. V- 

1. 'EpTeiS-ep e^eXavvec Bid Trp 'Apaficas top EvfypaTvp 
TTOTapibp ep Be^ta eywp GTaQpLovs ipi]povs irepTe irapaadyyas 
Tptd/copTa /cal irevTe. *Ep tovtco Be Toy tottcd r)p pulp r) yr) 
TreBiop dirap opaXbp &cnrep QdXaTTa, dtytp&iov Be irXripes 14 
el Be Ti /cal aXXo eprjp vXtjs r) /caXdpov, diraPTa rjaav evcoBrj 
coenrep dpd)pLaTa ■ BipBpop S' ovBep epr)p. 2. Qiqpta Be nrap- 
Tola, lb irXelcTTOt pulp opoi dypioi, ov/c oXcyac 16 Be GTpov&ol ai 
pceydXaL • iprjaap Be /cal G)Ti8e$ /cal Bop/cdSes • TavTa Be Ta 

1 Account for i subs. — 2 § 225. 1. — 3 Root ? — 4 Subj. ? — 5 How formed ? 
— G §§ 225. 1 ; 188. 1. — 7 § 65. — 8 § 198. 1 . — 9 §§ 21 ; 15. 2. Composi- 
tion?— 10 § 163. 1. — n § 142, — 12 § 95. 1. — 13 Theme?— 14 Decline.— 
25 Why properispomenon (§§ 142 ; 30. 4) ? — 1G § 64. K 



LIB. I. CAP. V. 19 

Srjpta ol linrel^ iviore iBtcDKov. 1 Kal ol fiev 6vot } eirel tl$ 
oiqo/col, irpoBpajjuovTe^ 2 av earaaav^ ttoXv yap t&v Xttttwv 
S-clttov erpeyov* Kal ttuXlv eirel TrXrjatd^oL 41 6 Xttttos ravrov 
e7roiovv, b ical ov/c r)v Xafiecv, el jxr) hiaaravres ol iirireZs $77- 
p&ev* BiaBe^o/jLevoL tols lttttol^. 7 Td Be Kpea tcqv dXtcrKO/jLe- 
vcov 8 rjv TrapaifKrjcna to6? eXa<fieLOi<;, dwaXcoTepa Be. 3. 
%rpov$bv Be ovBeh eXajSev ol Be Btd^avTes t&v lirirecov^ 
TayJ) eiravovro ■ ttoXv yap arreaTraro cpevyovcra, rofc jiev 
Trocrl Bpo/jLO), rats Be irrepv^uv 10 apacra, 11 coairep Icttiq) %pco~ 
fiiufj. Ta? Be a)TiSa? av rt? Ta%v avLcrrf), ecrrc Xajjuj^dvetv, 
Trerovrai 12 yap fipa^y, coairep irepBitces, Kal ra^v dirayopev- 
ovcri. Ta Be Kpea avT&v ^Bicrra rjv. 

4. Hopevo{ievoi Be Bta ravrrj^ ttjs X&pa? afyiKVovvrai eni 
tov MacKay TTOTapLGV, to evpos TrXeS-pcatov. 16 'EvravS-a rjv 
ttoXcs eprjfirj, pLeyaXr}, ovop.a^ Be avTjj KoporoTrj* irepieppel- 
to lb Be avrrj V7rb tov Macr/to, kvicXco. 'EvTavQa efiecvav rj/jue- 
pa$ Tpels Kal lirecnTiaavTo^ 5. 'EvTevS-ev e^eXavvei o~Ta- 
Q/jlovs eprj/jbovs Tpel$ Kal BeKa irapaadyya^ evevrjicovTa tov 
EvtfipaTrjv iroTapbbv ev Be^ca eyjav, Kal acj^LKvecTac eirl IlvXas. 
'Ev tovtols toI$ cTaS-fiols 7roXXd Twv VTTO^vylcov dirdSkeTO 11 
vtto Xcfiov' ov yap rjv xppTO<$ ovBe dXXo ovBev BevBpov, dXXd 
^cXr) rjv airacra 1 * r) xcopa* ol Be evoiKOVVTes ovovs dXeTa? 
irapa tov 7roTa/xbv opvTTOVTes Kal TroiovvTes eh Ba/SvXwva 
rjyov Kal iircoXovv ical dvTayopd^ovTes ctctov efav. 6. To Be 
CTTpaTevfAa 6 o-lto? iTreXiire, Kal TTptacr^at ovk rjv el (jLtj ev Tjj 
AvBia dyopa 12 ev t£> Kvpov fiapfiapiKcp, tt\v Kairld-rjv 7 dXev- 
pcov r) dXcpLTCov TeTTapcov alyXcov 20 6 Be atyXo^ BvvaTat 21 
eTTTa 6/3oXov<$ Kal r)jjLco(36Xiov 'Attckovs* r) Be KairiHh] Bvo 
XpiviKa? 10 'Attlkcis e^dtpet. 22 Kpea ovv ecr&iovTes ol GTpa- 

J What does this imperf. denote?— 2 § 133. T. — 3 §§ 211. K 6; 215. 1. 

— 4 Theme ? — 5 § 211. N. 10. — 6 § 11Y. c. — 7 Synt. ? — 8 Signif. of perf. 
act. (§ 20Y. N. 2)? — 9 § 188. 1. — 10 Xom. how formed? — n § 110. N. 5. 

— I2 Dep. pass, or dep. mid. ? — 23 § 142. — 14 §§ 150. 4 ; 149. 2. — 15 §§ 95. 
1; 7. 2, — 15 Why mid. voice? — 17 Root? Logical subject (§ 149. 2)? — 
18 §§ 59. N. 5 ; 13.8; 14. 4. — " Why perispom. i — 20 § 200. 4. — 21 § 210. 
N. I. — 22 Theme? 



20 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

ticotcli, hieytyvovro. 7. *Hv he tovtcov tcov ara^fiwv 1 oi)<? 
irdvv [Aa/cpovs rjXavvev, oirore r) 7rpbs vhcop 2 /3ovXolto htare- 
Xecrai r) irpbs %lXov. Kal hrj nrore crrevo^pia^ teal irrjXov 
(fravevros rah afid^acs hvairopevrov* eirearr) 6 Kvpos crvv 
rots nrepi avrov dpiaroL^ teal evhatfAoveardrois Kal era^e* 
TXovv Kal IliyprjTa Xaftovras rod /3apf3aptKOv crrparov 6 
crvveKficfid&iv 1 ra9 d{idf;a<;. 8. \E7rel he ehoKovv avr<Z> cr^p- 
Xatcos iroielv, wenrep opyfj eKeXevcre rovs irepl avrov Ilepaa^ 
tov<? KparLcrTovs crvveiricnrevcrai rd? d\ia^a^. *Ev§a hrj fie- 
po? tl 8 ttjs evratjeas r/v Qedcracr&at. 'Pfyavres 9 yap rov? 
rrropcpvpGvs fcdvhvs 10 oirov ervyev e/caaro^ earrjKco^, 11 tevro 
&(T7rep av hpd/Jioi tls nrepl vifcrjs, Kal /xaXa /card irpavovs 
yrjX6(j>ov, e^ovres tovtovs re tou9 riroXvTeXeZs yyr&va<$ teal 
ras iroitciXas dvaf;vpihas, evioi he Kal crrpeTTTOv^ irepl rocs 
Tpaj/TJXois Kal tyeXXia irepl ral? ^epcriv ■ evS-vs he crvv rov- 
T069 elairr]hrjcravTe^ eh rbv TrrjXbv Qdrrov 12 r) C09 ti$ av qiero 
fierecbpovs e^eKOfitcrav rds afia^a?. 9. To he crvfjurav hf]Xo$ 
rjv Kvpos enrevheov iracrav rrjv ohbv 13 Kal ov htarpi^cov ottov 
fjurj eiriGiTicTyLov eveKa r) rivo? aXXov dvajKacov eKa^e^ero, 
vo/jll^cdv, ocrq) /lev av Sdrrov eXQoc, toctovtcd dirapacrKevaaTO' 
repay 1 * fiacrtXel fid^ecrSai, occp he cr^oXatorepov, toctovtco 
nrXeov crvvayeipeo-Qac /3acrtXe2 arpdrev/ia. Kal crvvihelv h? 
rjv rep irpocreyovTi 15 rbv vovv r) fiacnXecos dpyj] irXr]^ei 16 fiev 
'ftcbpa*; Kal dv&pcoTrcov layypa ovcra, to?9 he fjbrjKecrt rcov ohcov 
Kal rco hiecrirda&ai 17 t<z9 hvvd/uei? acr&evr}?, el rt$ hca Ta%e- 
Q)V rbv TroXe/Aov ttoloIto. 

10. TIepav he rod Ev<ppdrov 7rora/Jiov 18 Kara Tot/9 eprj- 
ficvs crTaQfjLovs rjv ttoXl? evhat/icov Kal fjLeydXrj, ovojxa he 
Xap/Jbdvhrj. 'Ek ravrr]? oi o-rparcSyrat r)yopa^ov 10 ra iTrtrrj- 
heia, cr^ehtaL^ hiaftaLVOVTes c5Se. Ai(t)&epa<$ a9 &X 0V crfce7r( ^' 

1 Synt. ? — 2 § 56. — 3 Composition ? — 4 § 142. — 5 Tense-root ? — 6 § 191. 
— 7 g 101. 1. Force of trhp and U in this word ? — 8 § 37. b. — 9 § 4. 2. — 
19 Why not perispom. in accus. plur. like ix&ta (§ 47. 5)? — n § 225. 8. — 
12 §§ 10 ; 135. 1. Compare. — 13 § 182. -— 14 Theme? — 15 § 225. 1. — ■ 16 
§ 206. 2. — n § 222. 2. — I8 § 187. 4. — 39 Theme ? § 143. 



LIB. I. CAP. y. 



21 



cfiara l eiriixifkacTav 2 %6prov 3 Kovcpov, elra crvvrjyov Kal 
o-vvicnrcov, o>? firj dirrea^ai rfjs Kapc\>r\^ to vBcop. 5 'Enl 
rovrcov Buefiaivov Kal ekdjxfiavov ra erriTrjBeta, olvov re i/c 
7% fiaXdvov 7re7roL7)/jLevov 6 7% arrb rov cpoivtKos 7 Kal alrov 
fjbeXlvris ' 8 rovro jap rjv ev rf) %&>pq irXelarov. 

11. 'AfAcptXegavrcov Be re evravSa tcdv re tov Mivcovo? 
arparicorcov teal rchv tov KXedp^ov, 6 KXeap^o? icpLvas dBi- 
fcelv top 9 rov Mivcovo? 7r\r)ya<; eveftaXev 6 10 S' eX&cbv 7r/?09 
to eavrov arpdrevfia eXeyev aKovaavre^ S' ol arparicoraL 
e^aXeiratvov /col chpyi^ovro 11 la^vpch^ rep KXedp^co. 12. Tfj 
S' avTfj rjfjiipa Kkeap^o? iX^chv errl rfjv Btdfiacrtv 12 tov rrora- 
fiov teal iicel KaracrKe^dp.evo^ rrjv dyopav dfynrrrevei 1 * eirl 
rrjv avrov Gfcr]vr}v Bca tov Mevcovo? crrparev/jLaTOs avv 6\i- 
yoc<? roh irepl avrov • (Kvpos B? ovitco rjKev, aKk! en irpocrr)- 
Xavve •) tcov Be Mevcovos arpartcoTcov %v\a cryf^cov tls 0)9 elBe 
tov KXeap^ov BieXavvovra, I'rjcn rfj d%ivrj. Kal OUT09 [lev 
avTov 1 * rjfjiapTev, 15 aWos Be \foco zeal aWos, elra 7roX\oi, 
Kpavyrjs yevop,evr]<;. 16 

13. c Be Karacpevyec eh to eavrov arpdrevfia, Kal ei)Su9 
TrapayyeWet eh ra 07r\a* fcal rov<; /xev oifkiras avrov etce- 
\evae fielvai 11 tcls daTriBa? 737209 ra yovara 18 ^evras* avrb<z 
Be \af3cov rovs @pafca$ Kal tol>9 iirireas ot rjcrav avrco ev rce. 
crTparevfiarL irXelovs 19 rj rerrapaKovra, tovtcdv S' ol 7fXeccrrot 
&paK€s, ijXavvev eirl tov$ Mevcovos 20 coo-re iKeivov? eKire- 
rrXrj^ai, 21 Kal avrov Mevcova, Kal rpeyeiv eirl ra oifka. (M 
Be Kal ecrraaav 22 diropovvres rep irpdyfiari. 14. c Be IIpo- 
%evos, erv^e yap vcrrepos irpocncbv™ Kal rdfys avrcp eirofjievT) 
tcov oirktrcbv, eifevs ovv eh to fiecrov d/Kporepcov dycov e^ero 

i§ 139. — 2 § 133. IL-— 3 § 200. 3. — 4 § 192. 1. — 5 Why does w take the 
rough breathing ? — 6 Account for 77 in the antepen. — 7 Norn, how formed ? 
— 8 What relation does this gen. denote? — 9 § 168. 1. — 10 § 166. 2. — ^ 
Theme? — 22 V\ r hat do verbal nouns ending in cris denote? — 13 § 211. N. 1. 

— 14 § 197. 2. — I5 Root? — 16 What does this gen. abs. denote? — 17 Why 
properispmn. ? — i8 § 56. — 19 Compare and decline. — 20 Relation denoted? 

— 21 How is 7rA77(T(r formed from irXay (§ 133. n)? Account for % m tiie P e " 
nult, — C2 Why the imperf. ? — 23 § 225. 8. 



22 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

ra oirXa, Kal ihelro rov KXedp^pv /jltj rrotelv ravra. r O he 
evaXerraivev ore avrov oXiyov heijaavros KaraXevcr^?jvaL 1 
rrpdeos Xeyoi rb avrov rrd^os* i/ceXeve re avrov ck rod puiaov 
e^crracr^at. 3 15. "Ev rovrco he eirrjet teal Kvpos /cal eTrv^e- 
ro 2 rb rrpajfia^ ev^svs S' eXa/3e ra rraXrd eh ras yelpas /cal 
avv roi$ rrapovai* roov Trccrrcov* rjfeev iXavvcov els rb fiecrov, 
teal Xeyet rdhe. 16. KXeap^e Kal Upo^eve /cal ol aXXot ot 
rrapovres "EXXyves, ovk care 6 6 re rroielre. El yap nva 7 
aXXyXoL? fAdxy v cvvdyjrere vop,l%ere ev rfjde rfj r)p>epa efxe re 
/cara/ce/co'^rea^aL 6 Kal u/xa? ov iroXv e/nov varepGV KaKW 
yap roov rjfxerepcov eyovrcov rrdvre? ovroi ou? Spare f3dp/3apoi 
rroXejiioorepoi rjplv eaovrai roov 9 rrapa fiaacXel bvroov. 17. 
'AKOvcra? ravra 6 KXeapyps ev eavrco eyevero* Kal iravad- 
fievoi 10 d/mcporepoL Kara X ( ^P av ^ e ^ T0 T ^ oirXa. 



CAP. VI. 

1. 'Evrev^iev rrpolovroov 11 icpalvero 1,2 lyyia lttttcov Kal k& 
7rpo? elKa^ero he elvai 6 artj3os a)$ hia^Xioov 13 'lttttcdv? Ovrot 
irpoiovres eKaiov Kal %£A.oz> Kal el n dXXo x,PV cr{ 'f Ji0V V p * 
^Opovrrj^ he Ileparj^ dvrjp^ yevec 1 * re rrpoarjKoov [iaatXel Kal 
ra 7roXepLLKa, lb Xeyo/JLevo? ev rols dpiaroL? Ilepcroov 16 e7ri/3ov- 
Xevei Kvpcp Kal rrpoa^sev TroXepLrjaas, 2. KaraXXayeU he 
ovro? Kvpcp elirev, el avrco hotrj 17 iirireas ^tX/ou?, on rov$ 
irpoKaraKalovras lirrrea^ i) KaraKaivoi civ evehpevcras r) %oov- 
ra$ 7roXXovs avroov eXou Kal KooXvcrece 18 rov Kaiecv 10 em- 
ovras, Kal irotr^creiev {bare fir)irore hvvaa^at avrovs Ihovras™ 
to Kvpov arpdrevfia fiacrtXel ScayyelXat, Too he Kvpcp aKov- 

1 Synt. ? — 2 Relation denoted ? — 3 Root ? — 4 What is this participle pre- 
ceded by the article, equivalent to? — 5 § 188. 1. — 6 §§ 133 ; 129. 2, — 7 
Why not accented? — 8 § 211. K 3. — 9 Synt, ? — 10 Why mid. voice?— 11 
§§39; 226. — 12 Why sing. ? — 13 § T9. 1. — u § 206. 2. — "Deriv.V Synt.? 
— 1S § 188. 1.— 17 § 215. 1. — 18 § 118. 4. — 19 §§ 222. 2; 197, 2. ~ 2 ° 
§ 133. E. 



LIB. I. CAP. VI. 23 

cavn ravra iho/cei GxfieXi/jLa l elvat * /cal etceXevcrev avrbv 
Xafi/3dvecv fiepos rrap e/cdarov r&>v ip/efiovcov. 

3. f he "Opovrrj? vofjuiaas erotpLovs avroj elvat, tovs ltt- 
rreas ypdepet, erno-roXrjV rrapa j3aatXea bri rj^ot eycov irnrea? 
o)9 dv hvvrjrac rrXecarov? ■ dXXd cfipd&at, 2 T069 iavrov Irrirev- 
glv* i/ceXevev o>? cptXLov avrbv vrroheyeo-^at. 'Evfjv 8' ev rfj 
CTTLCTToXf) Ka\ rrjs rrpba^sev 4 ' obcXia? virofjLvrjjjbara /cal rriareco?. 
TavTTjv tt)v iTricrToXrjv hthcoat rrcaroj dvhpi a)? (pero* 6 he Xa- 
ficov Kvpcp hei/cvvatv. 4z. * Avayvov? 5 he avrrjv 6 Kvpos avX- 
XapL&dvei 6 'Opovrrjv, /cal avy/caXel 7 eh rrjv iavrov cr/crjvrjv 
Ilepacov rov$ dptcrrovs r&v rrepl avrbv irrrd* /cat 701/9 rebv 
*EXXrjvcov arparrjyov? i/ceXevev birXtra? dyayeiv, rovrov? Be 
^ea^at ra oirXa rrepl rrjv avrov mcqvqp. 01 he ravra erroi- 
rjcrav, dyayovres ft>? rpca^tXtov? orrXcras. 5. KXeapyov he 
/cal etcrcD rrape/cdXeae o-v/jl/SovXov, 0? ye teal avroj real rocs 
ciXXocs ihofcet rrponpirfhrjvai fidXtGra rodv * EXXrjvcov. 'Errel 
8' i^rjX^ev, i^rjyyetXe roh (JjlXols rrjv /cpicriv rov 'Opovrov 0)9 
eyevero' ov yap drr6ppr]rov & rjv. "Ecfrrj he Kvpov dpyeiv rov 
Xoyov 9 &he ■ 

6. UapetcdXecra vpbds, dvhpes c^iXoiy ottos? gvv vplv f3ov- 
Xevo/Jievos, re hi/caibv iari /cal rrpbs ^ecov teal 777309 dv^pco- 
rrcov, rovro rrpd^co 10 rrepl 'Opovrov rovrovt. 11 Tovrov yap 
rrpebrov fxev 6 e/xo9 rrarrjp khco/cev brnj/coov ipbol elvat. 12 Eirel 
he ravels, C09 etprj avros, vrrb rov ijjiov dheX<fiov ovros i^roXi- 
fxrjaev epiol eyjAV rrjv ev Sdpheatv d/cporroXtv, /cal iyco avrbv 
rrpoarroXe/iobv irrolrjaa coare ho^ac rovrco rov rrpbs e/xe rroXe- 
jjlov 1z rravaaa^at, /cal he^idv eXafSov /cal ehco/ca. 7. Merd 
ravra, ecpr], co Upovra, eartv o n ae rjOLfcrjaa; U be 

direfcplvaro, ore 17 ov. UdXiv he 6 Kvpos rjpebra' Ovkgvv 18 
varepov, 0J9 avrbs av opLoXoyels, ovhev vrr e/aov dhacovpLevos 

i§ 142. — 2 Root? — 3 Why properispom. ? — 4 § 169. 1.— - s §§ 133. T; 
48. 1 ; 13. 8 ; 14. 4. — 6 §§ 14. 3 ; 211. N. — 7 § 14. 2. — * §§ 142 ; 4. 2. — - 
9 § 197. 2. — 10 § 214. 1. — n § 11. 1. — 12 § 222. 5. — 13 Synt. ? — 14 § 43. a. 
— 15 Why 3 ti and not 6V<? Synt. (§ 182)?— 16 Theme? — " § 213. 1. — 
18 § 17. 3. 



24 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

aTToaras eh Mvaov<$ /catccos hroiei*; 1 ttjv ifirjv %<&pav 6 ti 
eSvvco ; 2 if E(j)7) 6 *Op6vT7]$. Ovkovv, ecf)7) 6 Kvpos, ottot av 
eyvcos* tt]V aeavTov Bvva/Mv, eX^cov eVt tov Trjs 'ApTe/iiBo? 
(3(op.hv pL6Tap,e\€iv re ooi ecfrrja^a* teal irelaas e/xe, iriara ird- 
Xtv eScofcds fiot /cal eXa/Se? Trap* ijjbov ; Kal rav& 6 cofioXoyei 
6 OpovTrj?. 8. TC ovv, €$7] 6 Kvpos, dBtKifoels vir e/jiov vvv 
to Tp'vrov i7Tt/3ovXevcov G fiou (pavepos yeyovas ; EIttovtos Be 
tov 'OpovTov on ovBev 7 aStfcrj^efc, r/pcoTTjarev 8 6 Kvpos avrov* 
'O/ioXoyeh ovv irepl ifie aBcKO? 9 yey evrjcftsai ; ^H yap dvdy- 
fcrjy €cf)7] 6 *OpovTVfi. \E« tovtov tt&Xlv rjpcoTrjaev 6 Kvpos* 
"Etc ovv av ykvoio tc3 i/mo) dBeXcfxp ttoXg/jLLos, e/iol Be Kal <£t- 
Xo? koX itlctto 1 ; ; 'O Be direKpivaTO on ov8* el yevotfiTjv, c5 
Kvpe, oroi y av ert it ore Bo^ai/jLC. 

9. Upo? ravra 6 Kvpos elire Toh Trapovatv C Q fiev dvrjp 
roiavra fiev ireiroi^Ke, rocavra Be Xeyec vfiwv Be av tt/ocoto?, 
c5 KXeap^e, diro^vai yvco/nijv 6 to cot BoKel. KXeap%o$ Be 
elire rdBe 2v{i/3ovXevco iyco rbv avBpa tovtov 10 eKiroBcov 11 
Trotelcr^at o>9 Ta^iaTa, o>? firjKeTt Bey tovtov (pvXaTTea^ai, 
dXXd o"y(oXrj fj tjjmv to KaTa tovtov elvat 12 tovs e^eXovTa^ 
cptXovs tovtov^ ev Troielv. 10. TavTrj Be ttj yvdypby e<j>r) Kal 
Tov$ aXXov? Trpoa^ecr^aL. MeTa TavTa KeXevovTO<$ Kvpov 
eXdj3ovTo ttjs %a)pr}$ 13 tov *OpovT7)V eirl ^avaTCp^ airavTes 
dva<JTavTe<; Kal ol crvyyeveh • 14 e%Ta Be i!;r]yov avTov oh 
TrpoaeTa^i]. 'Eirel Be elBov avTov oiirep irpoa^ev irpoae- 
kvvovVj Kal TOTe 7rpocreKVV7]crav, lb icalirep elBoTe^ oti IttI &a- 
vaT(p dyoLTo. 16 11. 'Eirel Be eh ttjv ' ApTairaTOV aKijvrjv 

etCTTJVe^^TJ TOV ITlGTOTaTOV TCOV KvpOV GKTjlTTOVyUiV 11 fJLeTCL 

TavTa ovTe tjuvTa 'OpovTTjv ovTe Te^vrjKOTa 18 ovBel? elBe irco- 
7TOT6, ouS' O7TC09 dire^avev oiBeh elBcos eXeyev ■ eUa^ov S' 
aXXot aXXcos ■ Tacfros 8' ovBeh 7roo7roT€ avTov efydvr). 

1 § 184. N. 2. — 2 § 123. — 3 § 126. 1. What connect, vowel is dropped 
(§ 116)? — 4 § 115. 3. — 5 Account for ^.— 6 § 225. 1. — 7 § 182. — 8 Ac- 
cus. of thing (§ 184. 1) following this verb ? — 9 § 224. — 10 § 170. 2. — n 
§ 135. 3. — 12 § 223. 2. 9. — JS § 192. 2. — 14 Account for y in the antepen. 
— 15 Theme ? — 1G § 213. 2. — " Why paroxytone? — J8 § 133.0. 



LIB. I. CAP. VII. 25 



CAP. VII. 

1. 'Evrev^ev i^eXavvec hid rfffs BafivXcovia? arTa&/j,oii<; 

rpei? irapacrdyya^ hoohexa. 'Ev he ra> rplrcp ara^ffia) Kvpos 
i^iraacv TroLeZrat, t&v 'EXXyjvcov koi tcjv /3ap/3dpcov iv rS 
Trehlco Trepl pLecras vvtcras • 1 iho/cec yap eh ttjv iiriovaav eco 
^eiv fiaatXea avv tco aTparevfiaTi piayovpuevov • 2 teal itce- 
Xeve KXeap^ov fiev rod he^tov tcepcos* ^yela^at, Mevcova he 
top QerraXov rod evcovvpuov ■ avrbs he tou? eavrov hcera^e. 
2. Mera he rrjv e^eraonv a/xa rfj iiriova-r] rjuepa* ifeovTes av- 
TOfxoXoi irapa pbeydXov fiao-iXeoos aTrrjyyeXkov Kvpay Trepl t% 
/3aai\i(t)<; GTpaTias. Kvpo$ he cvyKaXecras 5 rou9 crTparrjyov^ 
zeal Xo%ayov$ tcov 'EXXtjvcov avvefiovXeveTo* T€ 7rco? av ttjv 
pid^rjv ttololto, kuX clvto*; Trapyvei"' ^appvvcov TOidSe. 3. s /2 
dvhpes EXXTjves, ov/c dv^pcoTrcov* diropcov /3ap/3dpcov avpLpcd- 
^ou? rjfias dy(L\ aXXd vo/jll^cov dpLelvova? /cal /cpeiTTOVS ttqX- 
Xgiv /3ap(3dpa)v vpuas elvai, hid tgvto TrpocreXafiov. f/ 07rco? 

i ovv eaecr^e* dvhpe? ci^lol t?)? iXev^eplas 9 t;? 10 fcifCTTja^re /cal 
virep ?;? vuas iyco evhaipiovL^o). 11 Ev yap lctt6 otl ttjv iXev- 
^eptav 12 eXoljbL7)v av dvTi aiv eyw TrdvTcov fcal aXXcov iroXXa- 
TrXaaiwv. 4. ''Oircos he /cal elhrjTe eh olov 13 ep^ea^e dycova, 
iyeb vpLcis el8a><> hchd^co. To fiev yap TrXif^os ttoXv /cal /cpav- 

I yfj 10 ttoXXt) eirlaaiv* av he TavTa dvda^a^e^ Ta aXXa li kol 
alo-^vvea^al (igl ho/cco ol'ovs rjpiiv yvdoaea^e tov? iv ttj xozpa 
hv~a<z av^pcoTTOvs. ^Tpucbv he dvhpo)v 10 ovtcov koX euroXpicov 
yevofievcov, iyca vficov 16 tov fiev oltcahe (SovXofxevov dirtevai 
Tot9 oIkoi n fyXcoTov ttoltjctq) direX^eiv • ttoXXovs S' olpuau 

\ Tvoirjaetv Ta 18 irap euol ekea^ai dvrl tcov oIkoi. 

5. EvTav^a TavXiTrj? Trapcbv fyvyas XapLio^^ itlctto^ he 

1 Xom. bow formed ? — 2 § 225. 5. — 3 § 47. Z-as. — 4 Synt. ? — b Why e 
in the penult, contrary to gen. rule (§ lO 1 ?)? — 6 Why two accents? — 7 Ac- 
count for the i subs. — 8 § 214. >T. 3. — 9 § 200. K". 2. — I0 Synt. ? — u Theme ? 
— 12 § 139-ia. — :s Pronom. adj. of what kiud ? — 14 § 1S2. — 15 §§ 56 ; 34. 
q.— 16 § 188. 1. ~ " g 134-o?— 18 § 168. 2. 



26 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Kvpco, elrre • Kal firjv, do Kvpe, Xeyoval rtves on iroWa vin- 
G X V V v ^ v ^ L ^ T ^ * v T0L0 ^ T( p elvat rov Kivhvvov irpoatovros* av 
8 ev yevr^rai 77, ov pLepLvfja^ac 1 ae 2 cj>aatv* evioi he ovh* el 
fie/uvcpo 2 re teal /3ovXolo hvvaa^au av aTrohovvai baa* vrn- 
a X v V % ®* 'Atcovaas ravra eXe^ev 6 Kvpos • 'A X)C earn, fiev 
rjjmcPj 3) avhpes, rj dpyrj rj rrarpooa rrpbs ptev fieaTipbfiplav pbk- 
ypiS ov b htd /cav/Jia ov hvvavrai oiKelv dv^poorroi* irpbs he 
apKTOv fii^pis ov hid ^etficova • rd S' ev fxeaco rovrcov drravra 
aarparrevovaiv oi rov €/jlov dheXcpov <pl\ot. 7. *Hv S' fjfjueis 
VLKrjacD/uev, rj/ads Bel rovs rjfierepovs chlXovs rovrcov eyx par els 
TTotrjaau rf flare ov rovro hehocKa 6 firj 1 ov/c eyoo 6 ri hoo eica- 
arco rcov (piXcov, av ev yevyrat, 8 dXXa firj ov/c eyco iKavovs oh 
hco. e Tfjb(bv he rcov 'EXXtjvcov /cal arecpavov eKaarco yjpvaovv 
hcoaco. 8. 01 he ravra aKovaavres avroC re rjaav rroXv irpo- 
^VfMorepot Kal rocs aXXots e^rjyyeXXov. Elaf t eaav he Trap 
avrbv oX re arparr\yol Kal rcov dXXcov 'EXXrjvwv rtves, d^t- 
cvvres elhevau rl acbtatv carat, edv Kparrjacoatv. c O Se efirn- 
rrXds drrdvrcov rrjv yvcopbrjv direireynre. 9. UapeKeXevovro S' 
avrcp rrdvres oaoarep hteXeyovro pJr\ fidyea^ai. dXX! ojna^ev 
eavrcov 10 rdrrea^sat, *Ev he rep Kaipco rovrco KXeapyjos oohe 
rrcos rjpero Kvpov Ocet yap aoi iiayelaisai, So Kvpe, rbv 
dheXcj)6v ; Nrj " A i\ e<p7] 6 Kvpos, elrrep ye Aapeiov Kal TLa- 
pvcrdnhos eart irals^ epibs he dheXcbos, ovk d\xayei ravra eyco 
\rjy^rofJbat. 

10. ^Evraifea hr] ev rfj e^oirXiala ap^/xo? 12 eyevero rcov 
fiev 'EXXrjvcov darns fivpta Kal rerpaKoata • nreXraaral he 
hiaylXioi Kal rrevraKoatoi ■ rcov he pcera Kvpov /3ap/3dpcov 
heKa fivpidhes Kal apfxara hperrav7](p6pa dfufil rd eiKoai* 11. 
Tcov he rroXefiioov eXeyovro elvat eKarbv Kal etKoat fivpidhes 
Kal dpfiara hpeTravrjcpopa htaKoaia. ' ' AXXoi he rjaav e£a- 



1 Would this word have received two accents had it been paroxytone ? — 
2 § 37. a. — 3 Account for the i subs. — 4 §§ 172.4; 76. Demons. I. — 5 
§§ 199; 175. N. — 6 § 112. 1; 133. A. — 7 § 214. a.; 230. N, 4. — ti § 152. 
a. — 9 Why does this enclitic retain its accent? — 10 Synt. ? — " § 183. •— " 
Subj. or pred. ? 



LIB. I. CAP. Til. 27 

KicryiXioi LTnrels, a)v 'A pray Spays VPX €V ' °vtol Se Trpb avrov 
/SaatXecos reray/jLevoi rjaav. 12. Tov Se /SaatXecos arparev- 
/jlcltos r/crav dpyovTes koX arparyyol koX rjye/jLOves Terrapes, 
Tptd/covra pLVpidScov e/caaros, "'A/Spofco/xas. Tcaaacf)epv7]s. Tco- 
fipvas^ 'Ap/3dfC7]$. Tovtcov Se irapeyevovro iv rfj /xdyrj evve- 
vi]fcovra fivptdSes /cat dpfiara Speiravrjfyopa i/carbv fcal irevTr}- 

fCOVTCL' 'AftpOKO/JLCLS ydp VGT€p7]<T€ T?)? fld^T]^ 1 r}fJLepa$ TTeVTe, 

etc $>olvlk7)<$ eXavvcov. 13. Tavra Se yyyeXXov 7rpo? Kvpov ol 
avToixoXrjcravTe^ etc tcov iroXefiicDV rrapd fieydXov fiaaLXecos 
Trpb tt/9 yidyr]s % fcal fxerd tt]V fid^/Tjv, ot varepov eXrjcf&rjo-av 
tcov TroXepLLcov, tclvtcl yyyeXXov. li. ^EvTeifeev Se Kvpos 
i^eXavvec arcfejubv eva irapaadyyas rpels avvTeraypievcp Top 
crTparevfiarc' iravrl fcal rco ^EXXtjvlkgo teal too fiapfiapLKoo* 
ojero 2 yap ravrrj rfj rjp.epa fiayela^ac fiao~iXea % Kara yap 
fieaov tov ara^p.bv tovtov rdcppos rjv opvfcrr] 4 ' /3a&e?a, to fxev 
evpos opyvial Trevre, to Se /Sa^o? opyvtal rpefc. 15. Ilape- 
TeTaTo'° Se rj Tacfrpos avco Sid tov ireSiov eirl ScoSe/ca Trapa- 
adyyas p-eypi tov MrjSla? rer^ou?. *Ev*&a Srj elalv ai Sico- 
pvyes, dirb tov TcyprjTOs TTOTa/iov peovaau ■ 6 elcri 7 Se Terra- 
pe?, to puev evpos 7rXe^pcaiai, 8 fia^elat Se layypw, teal ttXoIcl 
irXel iv avTals crtTaycoyd* 9 ela^dXXovcn Se el? tov Ev^paTr}V ) 
Sca\eL7rovai 10 Se exdcrTT] irapaadyyrfV, ye<fivpat, Se eiretcriv. 
16. 9 Hv Se irap avTov tov Evcj)pdT7]v TrdpoSos crTevy fieTa^v 
tov TroTapLov 11 teal t?}? Tacppov co? etKoai ttoScov to eSpo?. 
TavTTjv Srj ttjv Ta(f>pov ftacnXevs fieyas irotel dvrl ipvfiaTos, 
iiretSr] TTW^dveTat Kvpov tt poae\avvovTa. n IT. TavTTjv Sr) 
tj]v irdpoSov Kvpos Te icai i) crTpaTtd TrapyX^e koX iyevovTO 
etcrco 7779 Tacppov. TavTrj fiev ovv ttj i)[iepa 12 ovk ifiayeaaTO 
fiacriXevs, a\X' viroyodpovvTcav (pavepd rjaav teal Ittttcov koi 
dv^rpcoTrcov iX v V iroXXd. IS. 'EvTav^a Kvpos StXavbv fcaXe- 
cra? tov ^A/Li/3pafadoT7]V [idvTLV kSco/cev avTo) Sapeitcovs Tpiayi- 

i Synt. ? — 2 § 206. 5. — 3 Why the imperf. ? — 4 g 142. Theme ? — s 
Root ? — 6 When does p take the rough breathing? — 7 What does the ac- 
cent show this to be ? — 8 What kind of adj. ? — 9 Composition ? — 10 § 151. 
2. — n Synt. ? — 12 §§ 225. 1 H. ; 799. 3. — 13 § 204. 



28 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Xlovs, otl ttj evSeKary air i/celvT]? tt}9 rjpLe'pas irporepov Sruo- 
fjLevos elrrev clvtg) otl fiaaLXevs ov fxa^elrac heica rj/jLep&v 1 
Kvpo? 8' elrrev , Ovtc apa ert pay/irai, el iv ravrais ov pLa^et- 
rat rah rjfiepcus • eap 8' akif^evar)?? virHryyoviLai aoi Sexa 
rdXavra. Tovto to y^pvaiop rore aTrehcoKep, eirel rraprjX^op 
at Bifca rjfjbepcu. 19. 'Eirel 8' eirl rfj rdcjipG) ovtc eKcoXve /3a- 
o-tXevS to Kvpov G-rpdrevjia hLaftalveiv* eSo^e teal Kvpw fcal 
tol? aXXocs drreypcoKevaL rod fid^ea^ai^ coure rf) varepata 
Kvpos iiropevero rjpLeX7)/nivo<; fiaXXov. 20. Tfj Se Tplrrj erri 
re tov apjULCLTos Kcferjfievos* ttjv iropelav iirotetTO real oXiyovs 
iv rd^ei e%u>v Trpb avrov to 8e ttoXv avTM dvaTerapajfxivov 
eiropevero Kal tcop ottXcop to6? GTpaTLGQTaLS ttoXXcl eirl afia- 
%oov tfyovro zeal viro^vylcop. 



CAP. VIII. 

1. Kal 7]Brj re rjv d/Atpl dyopav irXr^ovaav tcai irX^atov 
rjv crra^/zo? eV&a epceXXe 7 KaraXvcreLP, rjvtfca TLarayva^ dvrjp 
IJepcrrj^ 8 tcop dp,(f)l Kvpov Tnarcov irpo^aiverai eXavvoav dva 
Kpdros ISpovvTL too i7T7T(p ' Kal ev^vs nra^cr lv oh evervyyavev 
ij36a Kal /3ap/3apLfca)$ 9 Kal 'EXXtjvlkq)?, otl fiaaiXevs crvp 
crTpaTzvjiaTi Tro7\X(p irpoakpyeTai a>? eh pid^ijv irapeaKeva- 
cfievos™ 2. *Ev^a hrj ttoXvs Tapayo^ eyeveTo ■ avrifca yap 
idoKow cc "EXXrjve? Kal irdvTe? he aTaKTOis o~(fricnv err Lire- 
crela^ai. 3. Kal Kvpos Te KaTarnqhijaa^ drrb tov app^aro^ 
top ^fcopaKa ivedv : Kal dvaj3a<$ eirl tov Xttttov tcl rraXTa et? 
Ta9 *)(elpa<$ eXafte, toIs Te aXXots 7ra.cn rraprjyyeXXep 11 itjorrXi- 
^ecr^ai 12 Kal Ka^sicrTaa^aL eh ttjv eavTov Ta^cv eKacrTov. 4. 
"Ev^a 017 ctvp 7ToXXt] arrovBrj koSflo-to-vto, KXeap^os fiep to, 
Se^ta tov KepaTO? 13 e^cop Trpbs tcq Evcf)paTrj TTOTapicp, Ilpo^e- 

2 § 196. — 2 Theme? How formed (g 143)? — 3 §§ 222. 2; 197. 2. - 
4 Syrtt. ? — 5 Row is /ca^aat formed from Kara and rjuai? — 6 § 135. 3. — 7 
§ 89. 2.— 8 § 156. N. 5.— 9 § 134. 5. — 10 Account for <r in the antepen. 
(§ 13. 1). — "Why the imperf. ? ~- 12 Theme?— 13 §§ 47. 3; 188. 1. 



LIB. I. CAP. VIII. 29 

vos Be i^ofievos • ol K dXXoc fiera tovtov. Mevcov Be zeal to 
arpdrevfia to evcovv/xov /eepas eo^e tov 'EXXrjvt/eov. 1 5. Tov 
Be fiapfiapLKO'u lirnreh fiev IJacpXayoves eh %6/Uou? irapd 
KXeap^ov earrjaav ev tg3 $e£t(p, zeal to 'EXX^vc/ebv 7reXTa- 
aTifcov* ev Be rco evcovv/JLG) 'Apcaios re 6 Kvpov virap^os teal 
to dXXo fiapfiapc/eov. 6. Kvpos Be zeal lirireh pueT clvtov 
ocrov e^azebcnoi a)7rXicrfjLevoc Scopa^t 2 fiev avTol zeal 7rapa/irj- 
piBlois teal zepdveen* irdvTes ifXrjv Kvpov. Kvpos Be ijri\?]v 
e^cov ttjv zeecpaXrjv eh ttjv p^dyjqv zeaQlcrTaTo. [AiyeTCU Be 
zeal tov$ aXXovs Ilepcras tyiXah tcli? zeefyaXah* ev t<£ 7roXe- 
fiq) Bca/ctvBvveveLvJ] 7. Ol §' Ittttoi diravTe^ ol pteTa Kvpov 
el)(ov zeal irpofjLeTcoiriBia 5 /ecu 7rpocrTepvlBta el%ov Be /ecu fia- 
yaipas ol lirireh ^EXXTjvi/cds. 

8. Kal 77877 re tjv /licrov rjfiepas 6 /ecu ov7tcj zeaTafyaveh 1 
rjaav ol iroXepuoi 9 rjvlzea Be BelXr) eylyveTO, ecfrdvr) zeovtopTos 8 
ayairep ve^ekrj Xevzerj, %pov(p A Be [ou] avyySi vcrTepov coenrep 
fieXavla rt? ev tco ireBicp errl ttoXv. "Otc Be eyy VTepov eye- 
yvovrOy Td%a Bi] /ecu %ci\,fc6$ tl$ rjo-TpairTe, 9 zeal al Xby^ai /ecu 
al Ta^ec? zeaTacfraveh iytyvovTO. 9. Kal rjaav lirireh™ fiev 
XevzcoS-cDpazee? 11 eirl tov evcovvpuov t&v iroXepbioov. Ticrcra- 
(j)spvrj^ eXeyeTO tovtcov dp^etv e^ojievoi Be tovtcov yeppocpo- 
pot* eyo\xevob Be oirXcTat crvv iroB/jpecn ^vXivais 1 * dcriricriv %lz 
AlyviTTioi Be ovtoi eXeyovTO elvac ■ aXXot 8* lirireh aXXoi 
TO^GTac. UdvTes Be ovtoi ieaTc\ eQvrj ev irXatatcp irXijpec 
dvS-pcoircov e/eacrTOV to eQvo? iiropeveio. 10. Upb S' avTcov 
ap/xaTa BcaXecirovTa crv^yov air dXXijXcov Ta Bpeiravrjcjiopa 14 ' 
/caXov/ieva ■ 15 el%ov Be tc\ Bpeirava eie tcov d^evcov eh 7r\a- 
yiov diroTeTajieva Kal xjtto Toh Bicj)poL$ eh yrjv j3XeirovTa i a>? 
BcaKOTTTecv 16 OTcp evTvyydvQiev. *H Be yvco/nrj tjv a>9 eh tc\<; 
Ta^et<; tcov ^EXXrjveov eXcovTcov 17 zeal Bia/eotyovTCtiV. 11. tV 

2 § 142. (-ticor). — 2 N om. how formed ? — 3 § 51. 1. — 4 Synt. ? — 5 § 141. 
(-idiov). — 6 g 188. 1. — 7 Root?— 8 Theme ? — 9 What does this imperf. de- 
note?— 1 ^ 47. 4. b.— n Composition? — 12 § 142. — 13 How formed? — 14 
Theme? — 13 What is the gram, and log. subj. of this proposition ? — 16 
§ 223. 1. — • " § 226. a. "Why paroxytone and not properispomenon i 



30 EXPEDITIO CYKI. 

[levroL Kvpos elirev, ore /caXecras irapeKeXeveTo Toh "EXXrjai, 
ttjv Kpavyrjv tcov (3ap/3dpcov dve^eaSat, 1 etyeva&r) tovto* 2 ov 
yap Kpavyfj dXXa acyrj a>9 avvarbv Kal V°" V XV 2 ^ v " a( P KaL 
(3paBico<z irpoarjecrav. 12. Kal iv tovtco Kvpo<z 7rapeXavvcov 
avrbs avv niyp7]Ti tco 4 epfirjvel Kal aXXocs rptcrlv rj Terrapcn 
tco KXedp^co i/36a dyeiv to crrpdrevfia Kara fieaov to toov 
TroXepbicov? ore i/cel fiaaiXevs etTf 6 Kdv 7 tovto, ecpT], vifcco- 
fiev, 7rdvS-' 8 rffilv TreiroirfTai? 18. *Opcov Be 6 KXeap^os to 
fieaov <ttZ(/>09 Kal d/covcov Kvpov 10 etjco ovTa 11 tov ^EXXtjvlkov 
evcovvfiov /SaatXea* toctovtov 5 yap irXrj&ei irepir\v (3aatXev$ 
co(7T6 fieaov to eavTov e%cov™ tov Kvpov evcovvfiov e^co rjv 
dXX' o/jLcos 6 KXeap^os ovk tfQeXev diroairdaat dirb tov 7ro- 
Ta/iov to Be^tbv rcepas, <fio(3ovfievo<; fir] 13 fcv/ckco&elr} ifcaTepco- 
Qev 14 tco Be Kvpco drrefcpcvaTO otu avTco fieXot ottcos koXcos 

V 15 

€%0V ' 

14. Kal iv tovtco tco Kaipco to fiev {3ap/3apucbv aTpaTev- 
fia ofiaXco? irporjei ■ 15 to 8' 'EXXrjvLKov 6tl iv tco avTco fievov 
avv€TaTT€TO itc tcov €Tt irpoatovTcov. Kal 6 Kvpo? irapeXav- 
vcov ov irdvv 7rpo? avrco tco aTparevfiaTi KaTe&eaTO eicaTe- 
pcoae diro(3XeiTcov el? T6 tov$ iroXefiiov<; Kal tov<; cpiXovs* 
15. 'IBcov Be avTov diro tov *EXXt]vlkov "Eevocficov 'AQrjvaio?, 
vireXdaa^ o>? avvavTrjaat rjpeTO el ti irapayyeXXoi ■ 6 8' 
iiriGTr]Ga^ elire Kal Xeyeiv iKeXeve irdaiv, oti Kal tcl iepd koI 
tcl acpdyia KaXd. 17 16. TavTa Be Xeycov, Qopvftov* rfKovae 
Bid tcov Ta^ecov lovtos, Kal'qpeTO r/? 18 6 Sopvfios elrj. c O Be 
'Sevocjycov elirev otl to avvSrifia nrapep^eTai BevTepov rjBrj. 
Kal o? ]9 i^av fiacre rt? irapayyeXXet Kal rjpeTO o ti eirj to 
avv&rjfia. f O Be direKpivaTO oti ZETX X&THP KAI 
NIKH. 17. f O Be Kvpo? aKovcras, 'AXXd Be-xpfial re, ecjw], 

iSubj.? — 2 § 182. — 3 § 135. 1.— 4 § 169. 2. — 5 Sjnt. ? — 6 Upon what 
verb does this optat. depend (§§ 212. 3 ; 213. 2)?— 7 What is this kind of 
contraction called? •— 8 Account for &. — 9 § 211. N. 3. — 10 § 192. N. 3. — 
11 § 225. 1. — 12 § 225. 6. — 13 §§ 214. a.; 230. N. 2.— H § 134. 2..— ,5 
§§152. a.; 214. 1. — 16 §§ 133; 124 (cTfii). — I7 § 150. 4. — 18 § 164.— 19 
§§ 111. b.; 1T2. 2. b. 



LIB. I. CAP. VIII. 31 

Kal tovto ecrTco. Tclvtci Be eliroov eh ttjv eavTov X^P av <wnj- 
\avve* teal ovk en rpla rj rirrapa ardSta 1 Bceox^ T7 ] v too cpd- 
\ayye air dWifkcov, yvUa eiraidvi'Cpv re ol a EXkr}ve<; /cat 
1PX 0VT0 UsVrioi levai 2 tol$ 7ro\efjLioL$. 18. ( £2s Be iropevo/JLe- 
vcov z e^e/cv[iaLvk to rf/9 <fid\ayyo<; 3 to eTrcXeoTrofJievov ijp^aTO 
Spo/ico* Selv Kal djJLa icjo3-iy^avTo b irdvTe^ olov Trep too 'Evv- 
a\icp eXeXi&vcro, Kal nrdvTe^ Be eS-eov. Aeyovao Be Ttves co? 
Kal Tal? dcnrccrc 7rpo? Ta Bopara eBovTrrjcrav cpo(3ov irooovvTes 
to2$ Xinrois. 19. Uplv Be To^evpia i^LKveloS-ai 6 eKKXivovcrov 
ol ftdpfiapoo Kal cf>evyovcro. Kal evravS-a B?] iBiooKOV fxev 
KaTa KpaTos ol f/ EXXrjve$, eftooov Be dXXyXoi? fiy 9-elv Bpofico, 
dXX' ev Ta^et eirecS-ac. 20. Td Be apfiaTa icpepeTO Ta fiev 7 
Bo avTcov tcov iroXepbicov, Ta Be Kal Bed tcov ' EXXyvcov, Kevd 
r]vi6")(a>v* Ol Be, eirel irpotBoiev, BotcrTavTO* eo~T0 S' octtls 9 
Kal KaTeXrjcpS-rj coenrep ev liriroBpoiicp eKirXayeis™ Kal ovBev 
fjbevTOL ovhe tovtov ira^elv ecbacrav, 11 ovBe aXXos Be tcov c EX- 
Xryvcov ev TavTTj ttj fid^r} errad-ev ovBels ovBev, 12 nrXyv IttI too 
evcovv/xco TO%ev$i)vaL tls iXeyeTO. 

21. Kvpo? Be opcov tovs "EXXyvas VLKoovTa? 13 to Ka& av- 
tov$ Kal BtdoKOVTas, r)S6fj,evo<z Kal TrpoaKWOvpievo^ yBy o>9 
/3acn\ev$ biro tcov dficf) avTGV, ovS* co? e£r})(Qy BicoKeiv dXXa 
c-vvecnTeipajievrjV eyjjov ttjv toov crvv eavTca e^aKocrioov lirirecov 
Ta^tv iTrefjLe\eiTO, 6 to iroiyaeo (3ao-Ckev$. Kal yap fjBec av~ 
tov OTi fiecrov eyoi tov UepaiKov crTpaTev/iaTO<;. 22. Kal 
irdvTe^ Be ol tcov J3apf3dpoov dp^ovTes fiecrov e^ozre? to av- 
Tcov 1 rjyovvTO, vo\xCCpvTe^ ovtco teal ev dcrcpaXecTTdTcp 1 * elvac, 
r)v y y la^y<; avTcov eKaTepco&ev, Kal el tl irapayyelXai XPV" 
%ocev 3 rjjuLcret, 10 dv xpovqo ala&dvecrSat, to crTpaTev/ia. 23. 
Kal ftacriXevs Bi] tot€, fiecrov e^oov t?}? eavTod GTpaTids 
6/xa)9 efjco eyeveTO tov Kvpov evoovvjiov KepaTO$. ^Eirel Be 

JSjnt. ? — 2 g§ 197. 2; 222. 2. — 3 What does this gen. abs. denote? — 
4 § 200. 2. — 5 Root? Tense how formed? — 6 § 228. 3. — 7 § 166. 2, — 8 
§ 200. 3. — 9 § 1T2. X. 2. — 10 Why ttXcj in this tense, and Tracer in the 
pres. ? — n Why subject not expressed ? — 12 § 230. 1. — 13 § 225. 7. — I4 
§ 63. 4. — 13 Decline. 



32 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

ovBeh avTo> i/id^ero etc tov ivavrlov ovBe Toh clvtov reray- 
IxevoL? efiTrpQG&ev, eTrefcaiiirrev o>9 eh kvkXcoglv. 24. "EvSa 
Br) Kvpos Belcras * pbrj oiTiar&ev yevopbevo? KaraKO^y to e EWr)- 
vlkgv ekavvev avrlos' teal iju{3a\a)v avv Toh e^afcoclois vctca 
tov$ Trpb fiacrtXicas rerayfjiivovs teal eh (pvyrjv erpetye tovs 
e^aKLayfi^iovs ■ Kal anroKTelvai Xeyerac avrbs rfj eavrov X ei P b 
'AprayepcTTjv tov dpyovTa avrcov. 

25. c /2? Be 7) Tpoirrj iyevero Btao-irelpovTai Kal oi Kvpov 
e^cLKocnoL eh to Bccofcetv oppLrjcravTes • TfXrjv irdvv oXiyoi a/jbcj) 
clvtov Kare\eL(j)S^]aav 3 2 0"%eBbv oi o/jborpdire^oc Kakovpuevoi? 
26. Xvv tovtol? Be cov fca&opa /SaaiXea Kal to dpb$> e/ceivov 
aTL(j)o$ ■ teal evQvs ovk r/vea^eTO,* dXX? eiTrcov, Tov avBpa 
opco, ceTo 5 eir clvtov Kal 7ralet G kclto, to GTepvov Kal TiTpcb- 
(Ticei Bca tov Qcopa/cos, &)? cfjrjal 7 KTTj&ia? 6 laTpbs Kal laoSai 
avTos to TpavjJbd (p7]o~i. 27. UaiovTa S' clvtov dtcovTi^eL T£<? 
ttoKtco vtto tov ofy&akfjLov /3lcilcq$ • Kal evTCLv&a \iayo\Jbevoi 
teal fiacrLkevs Kal Kvpo? teal oi afjL<f> avTov<; virep etcaTepov, 
ottogoi fiev toov dpapl jUavCkea drre^vrjo'tcov KTrjcrlas Xeyet • 
trap efcelvq) yap rjv Kvpos Be avTos Te direQave teal oktco 
oi apLCTOt, twv Trepl avrbv e/cetVTo eir avT&. 28. ^ApTaird- 
T??? Be 6 iriG-TOTaTos avTco tcov crtCTjirTov^cov Sepdircov \iye- 
TaLy eireLBr) ireirTCdKOTa* eiBe Kvpov, fcaTairiyBrjo-as dirb tov 
i7r7rov 7rept7reaeLV 9 avTco. 29. Kal oi fiev ^aat (3aaL\ea 
tcekevcraL Ttva 10 liriG^d^aL avTov Kvpqy oi Be, eavTov eiri- 
a(f)d^aL, c-Tracrapbevov tov dfCLvdtcrjv* el^e yap yjpvGovv, Kal 
GTpeiTTov Be efybpei Kal tyeWta teal tcl aXka coairep oi 
apLGTOi tS)V Uepacov eTeTLjii^TO yap vtto Kvpov Bl evvoLav 
Te Kal nTLCTTOTriTa. 11 

1 Tense bow formed ? — 2 Root ? Account for <p in the antepen. — 3 §§ 158. 
1; 225. 1.— 4 § 95. N. 2. — 5 Why mid. voice? — 6 § 211. N. 1. ■— 7 Why is 
<pr\(r\ here accented? — 8 Account for tttw in the root of the perf., and ttitt in 
that of the present. — 9 § 105. 1. — 10 § 165. — " §§ 139 ; 47. 3. 



LIB. I. CAP. IX. 



CAP. IX. 



33 



1. Kvpos fxev ovv 01/70)9 ereXevrrjcrev, uvi)p cov IlepcToiv 
tcov fMera Kvpov tov ap-yalov yevofievcov /SaGiXtKcoTaTG^ re 
zeal apyeiv d&coTaTO?, oj? Trapa ttuvtcov 6/ioXoyelrac tcov 
Kvpov cokovvtcov iv rretpa yevicrS-aL. 2. IIpcoTov [ilv yap 
ert 7raZ? Sat ore eTraihevero l teal crvv tco ddeXcpco teal avv tol? 

CiWgLS 77CUCTL, 2 TTUVTCOV TTUVTa KpaTLCTTOS* iv0/J,L?€70. 3. 

UdvTe? yap ol tcov dptGTcov Ilepaajv Traltes irrl TaU fiacrc- 
Xico$ Svpacs TraiCevopTat ■ ev$a TrGXXi]v [xev cTcofypoGvvqv 
/caTa/idS-GL civ tl$, ala^pov o oitev* ovtg aKcvcat ovr loelv 
ic~TC. -i. Qecovrac S' ol Tralhe? Kal tov$ TipLco/iivov? vtto /3a- 
aXecd? Kal aKOVovcn, teal a'XAou9 aTipLaZo/iivGv?' 1 ' ojctte eiS-u$ 
Tratdes oVre? /xavSdvovacv dpyeiv re teal dp^eaS-ac. 5. *Ev~ 
3-a Kvpo? al&rjfiovetTTaTOS 6 /iev rrpcoTov tcov i)Xlklcotcov ico- 
fcet elvai, 706? 76 TrpecrfivTepoi? ' teal tcov eavTov vTroEeecTe- 
pcov B /laXXov TretS-ecS-ac • eirevra £e cpLXiTTTroTaTos* Kal tols 
Ittttols dpiGTa xprjcrS-aL. ''Exptvov £' avTov teal tojv 6 £9 tgv 
TroXe/iov epycov, to^lktj^ te Kal dfcovTLcrecos, 10 cfiiXofiaQecrTa- 
tov elvat tcaX fieXerripoTaTov. 11 6. Errel 2e ttj ffkucla* 
e7rp€7T6, fcal cpiXoS-r/pcTaTO? 9 ?}V Kal 777309 Ta S-rjpia' 2 fiivTOi 
cfuXofavhwoTaTos. Kal dpKTov 77076 irricpepo/iev^v ovk tTpe- 
aevy dXXd cvfiTreccov KaT6C7Trdc9-7] drrb tov Xttttov ■ Kal Ta 
/iev eTraSev, 13 cov Kal tcls coTeiXd<; cpavepas elx € > TeXo? 14 Se 
KaTeKave 1 ' Kal tgv TrpojTov pAvToi /3o7]$7]C7avTa ttoWoi? fia- 

KapCGTGV iTrOl7]CT€V. 

7. 'ETrel Se KaTerrc^icbS-i] vtto tgv rraTpb? caTpdrrr^^ 
AvSias 76 Kal <±>pvyia$ 7?}? [leydXr^ Kal KaTTTracoKias, o~Tpa- 
777709 16 Se Kal ttuvtcov dTreBei^V ch KaS-yjKec eh KacrTcoXov 
rrediov d^pcL^eG^aty TrpcoTov p.ev iTriSet^ev avTov, otl Trepl 

1 Theme ?— 2 Hovr formed ? — 3 Compare. — 4 § 192. X. 3. — 5 §'g Ul ; 
l-i-3. — c 8g H2; 63. 4. — ' I 63. 2. — s Syct. ? — 9 Composition? — w § 139. 
(-(Tis). — ir ^ 142. ■— M § 141(-iof>— "Root?— 14 § 135. L — *§ 133 (ko£- 
*»> — 1? § 185. N. 1. 



34: EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

ifXelarov nroiolro, el rco airelaacro 1 teal el ra> av v&olro Kal 
el rco viroaypirb n, jJbrjBev yjrevBeaSac. 8. Kal yap ovv 
eirlarevov fjuev avra> 2 al TroXeis eTTLrperrofJuevai, errlarevov S' 
ol civBpes • teal el tls 7roAi/uo? eyevero, arreiaajjuevov Kvpov 
eirlareve fjirjBev av irapd rds arrovBd? rra&elv. 9. Totyapovv 
eirel Ttaaacfyepvec eTroXefirjae, irdaai al irokeis etcovaai 3 Kv- 
pov elXovro 1 dvrl Tiaaafyepvovs ttXtjv MtXrjalav ovroi Be 
on oifc i]$e\e tov$ cfrevyovras rrpoeaQat, efyoftovvro* avrov. 
10. Kal yap epyep eireBeUvvro fcal eXeyev on ovk av irore 
TTpootro, eirel dira^ <fil\os avroh eyevero, ovS* el en, phf fiei- 
ov$ b yevoLvro, en Be fcal kclkiov irpd^etav. 6 11. $avepb<; 8' 
rjv Kal el t-ps n ayaQbv tj tea/ebv iroitfaecev 7 avrov 6 viicav 
7retpco/jievo<;' fcal evyj)V Be nve? avrov e^ecfrepov o>? evyoiro 
roaovrov ypovov %f)v eare vifepr) 9 Kal rovs ev /cal rov<? fea/cebs 
iroiovvras dXe^bfievo^. 12. Kal yap ovv ifXelarov Brj avrS) 
evi ye dvBpl rcov eft rjfi&v iireSv/jirjaav Kal yjpr\piara Kal irb~ 
Xet? Kal rd iavrcov acofiara irpoea&at. 

lo. Uv jjuev of) ovoe rovr av tis enrol w? rov$ KaKovp- 
yovs 10 Kal ciBUovs ela Karayekav, dXX? dcpecBearara irdvroov 
erificopecro. UoXk&Kis 11 8' rjv IBelv irapd ra$ anftofievas 
6Bov$ Kal iroBcbv 2 Kal yetpcov Kal dcj)Qa\,/jLcbv arepovjievov? 
dvS-pcoirovs ■ coare ev rfj Kvpov dpyfi eyevero 12 Kal "EWrjvc 13 
Kal J3apj3dp(p p^rjBev dBiKovvn, dSecos iropevea&ai oirot ns 
ijQeXev, eypvn o n rr pomelo pocrj. 14. Tovs ye fievroc dya- 
$ol>? eh irokefJLov 1 * co/jLoXoyrjro 8ia$ep6vr(D<; rifiav.. Kal 
irpcorov fiev rjv avrai irbXefio^; irpbs TleLalBa? Kal Mvcrovs. 
XrparevQ[ievo<$ ovv Kal avrbs eh ravras ra? ^oopa? o&? 
ecopa 15 e9i\ovra$ KivBvvevetv, rovrovs Kal apypvras eirolei 
97? Kar ear peeper o %ccpa$ y 16 erreira Be Kal aXkois Bcopois eri- 
fia* 15. (Sore (fraivecrS-at, tou9 p<ev dya&oi)<$ evBat/jLovecrrd- 

1 Root ? — 2 Synt. ? — 3 § 59. 6. N. o. — 4 What does this imperf. denote ? 
— 6 Compare and decline (§§ 65; 64. 3). — 6 § 118. 4. — 7 Dialect ? — 8 
§§ 184. N. 2 (end); H. 544. a. — 9 § 117. c. -— 10 Composition?— u § 19. 
6. — 12 Subj. ? — 13 § 201. 3. — 14 §§ 182 ; 231. N. 1. — 1B § 93. 1. — 18 
§ 175. 1. b. 



LIB. I. CAP. IX. 35 

T0U9, TOV$ 8e KGLKOVS &0V\0V$ TOVTCOV d^LOVV elvaC Toijap- 

ovv ttoXX?) TjV dcfcQovla avrco tcov e$e\6v7cov KivSwevecv, 
qttov rt? Oiocro Kvpov alcr^aecr^ai. 

16. Eh ye p,i]v StKacoavvrjv el t£9 avrco cpavepbs yevoiro 
eTTiheifcvva&cLL /Sovko/jbevos, irepl vravrbs eirotelro tgvtovs 
7r\ovcncoTepov<z iroielv tcov 1 itc rov ahiKOV cpckoKepSovvTcov 2 
17. Kal yap ovv ciXka re 7roX\,d Slkcllcos avrco Bieyetpt^eTo 
teal o-rparevfiart 3 d\7]3-cvco e^pijaaro. Kal yap arpar-qyol 
Kal Xo^ayol ov xpVpurcov eve/ca 777309 eicelvov eirXevorav, aX\! 
eirel e^/vcocrav fcepSaXecorepov* elvac Kvpcg Ka\cos 7rei9-apye?v 
tj rb Kara jirfva Kephos? 18. 'AWa firjv el tl<z ye tl avrco 
irpoGTCL^avri Ka\cos V7r7]per?]aeiev 3 6 ovSevl 7 nrcoirore aya- 
pecrrov elacre 8 ttjv Trpo&vfjbiav. Toiyapovv KpanarTGi 8?] 
VTrrjperat, iravrbs epyov Kvpco eXe^S-rjcrav yevecr&ai,. 19. El 
Be riva opeprj Betvbv ovra otKovofiov etc rov Stfeatov 9 Kal Kara- 
GKevciCpvTa re 779 apX 0i X^P^™ mm TrpoaoBovs Trotovvra, 
ovSiva av ircoiroTe dcpelXeTO, dXXd del irXeLco 11 irpocreStBov 
cocrre Kal rjBicos errovovv Kal 3-appaXeco? eKrcovTO, Kal a 12 eVe- 
TrarQ 1 '* av tls, rJKiara Kvpov 12 eKpvirrev ov ydp cpQovcbv 
tols <j>avepco$ ttXovtovctlv 14 efyaivero, dXXd 7retpcofjLevo<; XP 7 1" 
crSat rot? tcov arroKpvn'TOfjLevcov xPVI xa(TU 20. $lXov$ ye 
fjbrjv ocrovs TroirjcraiTO Kal €vvgv$ yvolr) ovra<? lb Kal tKavovs 
Kplvete avvepyovs elvat 6 tl 16 Tvyydvoi ftovkofxevos Karepyd- 
%eaS-ai, opLoXoyelrai 7:7309 irdvTcov KpdrccTTOS Brj yeveoSao 
3-epa7revecv. 17 21. Kal yap avrb tovto, ovirep avrbs eveKa 
cpcXcov ' coero SecoS-at, C09 crvvepyovs e%oi, Kal avrbs eireipdro 
crvvepybs rots cplXoi? KpdrccrTOS elvac tgvtov otov 18 eKaarov 
alcS-dvoLTO eircS^vfiovvra. 

22. Acopa Be ifkelara [lev, oljiat, eh ye dvijp cov eXafifiave 

^ynt. ?-— 2 Theme ? — 3 § 206. 5.— - 4 With what does this adj. agree? 
Theme ? — ■ 5 § 23G. — 6 Dialect ? — 7 § 201. 5. — fc What verbs form their aug- 
ment by lengthening e into ei? — 9 § 135. 3. — "Why the gen. (§ 175. l.b)? 
— " Compare and decline. — 13 §§ 184. 1; 172.4. — ]3 § 133. II. — 14 §§ 158. 
1 ; 225. 1. — 15 225. 7. — 16 Antecedent ? — 17 Object of this rerb ? — 18 
§ 200. 3. 



36 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Bid iroXXd* ravra Be nravTcav By fjiaktara Toh cplXots BieBi- 
Bov, 7rpo? tovs Tpoirovs e/cdcTTov ctkottoov Kal otov fidXccrTa 
6 par/ k'/caorrov Beofievov. 23. Kal oca tg> cr&fiaTi avrov 
kogjjlov nre[jb7T0L tl$ rj C09 eh 7r6Xe/jiov rj o>? eh KaXXcoirca/jiov, 
Kal irepl tovtcdv Xeyeiv avrbv ecfracrav 1 ore to jjuev eavrov 
acbfia ovk dv Bvvavro tovtocs iracn 2 koct fiy^rjvai, (piXovs Be 
KaXco? fcefcocrfATjfjLevovs fieyiGTov koct/iov dvBpl vo/jli£ol. 24. 
Kal to fiev tcl /ieydXa vitcav tov<z cfrlXovs ev iroiovvTa ovBev 
BavfiacrTGv, 2 eiretBr) ye /cal BvvaTcoTepo? rjv to Be Ty eTTLfie- 
Xela irepielvao tcov cpiXcDV Kal rc3 7rpo§v[ielcr&aL* ^api^ecr&ai, 
TavTa e/jiocye /idXXov b BoKel dyacrTa elvai. 25. Kvpos yap 
eirejJLire /3//eou9 olvov rjfitBeeh TroXXaKLS, oiroTe irdvv rjBvv 
XdfSoL, 6 Xeycov otc ovttcd Brj 7roXXov yjpovov 1 tovtov tjBlovl 

OtVCp e7TLTVJ(pf TOVTOV OVV CTol eVe/ZA^e Kal BeiTai CTOV T7]fjLe- 

pov tovtov eKirielv crvv oh fJidXccTTa (juXeh* 26. UoXXaKi? 
Be yr\vas fjfiifipcDTOvs eirepbire Kal dpTcov rjficcrea Kal aXXa 
TocavTa, iTTiXeyecv KeXevcov tov cjzepovTa* Tovtols yoSy 
Kvpos* fiovkeTai cvv Kal ae tovtcdv 6 yevaacQai, 27. "Ottov 
Be yCkhs cnrdvios irdvv etrj, avTos S' eBvvaTo irapacTKevdcra- 
cr&ai Bid to ttoXXovs e^eiv* v7rv t peTa$ Kal Bid ttjv eiripbe^ 
Xeiav, BiaTre/jLTTcov eKeXeve tovs cpiXovs Toh Ta eavT&v crce- 
[xaTa ay ova iv Xttttois epi/3dXXecv tovtov tov %i\6z/, d)? fiy 
TreivcovTes tou9 eavTov cplXovs aycDcnv. 28. El Be Brj iroTe 
TTOpevoiTO Kal 7rXetcrTOL fieXXoiev 10 otyecrQai, irpoGicaXcDV 
TOU9 (piXovs ecnrovBaioXoyelToJ 1 a>9 BrjXoir) 12 01)9 Tifxa* coaTe 
eycoye, e% cov aKovco, ovBeva Kpivco virb irXeiovcDV nrefycXri- 
a&at 1 * ovTe ^EtXXrjvwv ovTe /3ap/3dpcov. 29. TeKjJLijpcov Be 
tovtov Kal ToBe' ivapd fiev Kvpov BovXov 6W09 oiBeh dirrjeL 
7r/?o9 /3ao-cXea* ttXtjv OpovTa? eTre^elprjG-e*^ Kal ouro9 By 
bv coeTo ttigtov ol elvac, Tayy avTov 14 evpe Kvpco cpiXaiTepov 
7) eavTcp • irapd Be /3ac-iXecos 7roXXol 7rpo9 Kvpov dirrjX&QV, 

1 *Why is the subj. not expressed? — "Dat. plur. how formed (§ 51. 1)? 

— s § 157. d. — 4 §§ 222. 2; 206. 2. — 5 § 66. K 2. — 6 § 217. 2. — 7 § 196. 

— 8 § 192. 1. — 9 Synt. ? — 10 § S9. — u Theme? — M Subj. ?— 23 Account for 
77 in the pen. — M § 160. N. 5. 



LIB. I. CAP. X. 37 

€7r€i,8r} 7ro\e/MO(, dXXrjXot? iyevovro, /cal ovroi fievrot oi fid- 
Xiara vtt avrov dyaTrcofievoc, vopbiCpvre^ rrapd Kvpa) ovre$ 
dyaS-ol d^tcorepa^ dv tijjli]$ l rvyydvew rj irapd fiacriXeL. 
30. Meya he re/cfirjptov /cal rb iv rfj reXevrfj rov /3iov avrat 
yevofievov, ore ical avrbs rjv dya&os, ical Kpivetv opS-cos ihu- 
varo toi/? ircarov^ ical evvovs ical fiefiacovs. 31. 'A7roS-vrj- 
(t/covtos yap avrov rrdvre^ oi irap avrov (plXot, ical crvvrpd- 
rreCpi dirk&avov fia^o/mevoi vrrep Kvpov rrXrjv 'Apuaiov ovro<? 
he reray/jievos irvy^avev 2 erri rS evcovvficp rov iiririKOv dp- 
Xatv a>9 & rjoSero Kvpov rreirrcoKora^ e<f>vyev, e%U)V /cal rb 
arpdrevfia rrdv ov rjyelro. 



CAP. X, 

1. 'EvravSa hrj Kvpov air ore fiver ai r) tcefyaXrf /cal j(eip r) 
he^cd. BacnXeix; he /cal oi avv avru> hicb/cwv elairiirrei eh rb 
Kvpelov arparoTrehov ■ /cal oi fiev fierd *Apiaiov ov/cerc 
caravrat, dXXd (pevyovac hta rov avr&v arparoirehov eh rov 
araSfibv evSev &pfirjvro ■ rerrape^ he eXeyovro rrapaadyyai 
elvai t??9 ohov. 2. BaatXevs he /cal oi avv avra> rd re dXXa 
7roXXd hiaprrd^ovai, /cal rr)v tfrco/catha* rr)v Kvpov 7raXXa/c[- 
ha rrjv aocprjv /cal icaXr)v Xeyofievrjv elvai Xafiftdvei. 3. *H 
he McXrjaLa r) vecorepa Xrjcfy^etaa 5 virb rebv dficpl fiaaCXea, 
i/ccpevyec yvfivrj 777309 roov 'EXXrjvcov oc ervypv iv rol$ a/cevo- 
(j>opoL<; oirXa e^ovres, /cal dvrcra^evre^ ttoXXov? fiev rebv 
dpira^ovrcov dire/crecvav, oi he ical avrcbv 6 direQavov * ov fir)v 
eepvyov ye, dXXd /cal ravrrjv eacoaav teal dXXa oirbaa ivros 
avrcbv /cal j^prjfiara /cal avS-pcoirot iyevovro irdvra eacoaav. 
4. 'EvravQa hcea^ov dXXrjXcov 7 fiaaiXevs re ical oi r/ EXXrjve$ 
a>> rpidtcovra ardhia, oi fiev hicb/covre? rovs /ca& avrovs, a>9 
irdvra^ vi/ctbvre^ ■ oi he dprrdtpvre^ a>9 rjhr] irdvres VLfcwvres. 

2 § 191. 2; H. § 574. a — 2 How is rvyxwca used with the participle? — 
8 § 225. 7. — 4 g 140.— 5 § 133. A. — 6 Synt,?— 7 § 197. 2, 



38 EXPEDITIO CYKI. 

5. 'Errel Be {jg&ovto ol fiev r/ EXkr)ve$ on fiaatXevs avv t& 
arparevfjiart ev Toh crKeuocpopoLS ecr), ftacriXevs B' av r\KOVcre 
Tcaaafpepvov^ on ol r/ EX\r)ves vtKwev to Ka& avrovs teal 
eh to irpoa&ev ofyovTai, BtooKOVTes, 1 evTavQa Br) f3aai\ev$ puev 
a&poi^et T€ tovs eavTov, /cat avvTaTTeTat ■ 6 he KXeapxp? 
ij3ov\eveTo Ilpo^evov KaXecas, ifX^aiaiTaTO^ yap r)v, el 
irefjLTTOLev Tivas r) iravTes cocev eirl to GTpaTOTreBov dprj- 
%ovTe<$. 3 

6. 'Ev tovtgl) Kal (3acriXev5 Brfko<z rjv irpocricbv nrdkiv a>9 
eBoKev 07TLcr3-ev. Kal ol jxev ff EXkr)ve<; avcrTpacpevTe? irape- 
cricevaCpvTO 0)9 TavTj) TrpocriovTos teal Be^ofievot • Be fiacri- 
\evs TavTrj fiev ovk rjyev, y Be Traprjk&ev efco tov evcovvfiov 
/cepaTos, Tavrrj koX dirr^yayev, avakaficov Kal tou? ev ttj 
liaXV tcaT a tov$ "EXkrjvas avTOfjLoXrjaavTas teal Tcaaa^ep- 
vt]v Kal tou9 cvv avT(p. 7. c O yap Tiaaa^epvif)^ ev ttj it pea- 
Tj) avvoocp ovk e(f>vyev, dXka Birfkaae Trapd tov TroTafibv 
Kara tov$ r/ EXkr)va^ irekTaaTa^ • BieXavvcov Be KaTeKave /jl£v 
ovBiva, BiaGTavTes Be ol ff EXkr)ves eiraiov Kal t/kovtl^ov* av- 
tovs* 'ETnoSevT)? Be 'Afi^C7ro\tTrj^ b VPX 6 T ^ v TrekTaGT&v 
Kal iXeyeTO (ppovi/jio? yeviaSat. 8. c O S' ovv Ticrcracpepvr)? 
&)9 fJLelov eypv a7rr]Wdy7], irakiv fiev ovk avaaTpefyei, eh Be 
to aTpaToireBov d^LKOfxevo^ to t&v 'EXkrjvcov eKel crvvTvy- 
ydvei fiaaikel, Kal 6/jlov Br) iraktv avvTa^dfievoi eiropevovTo. 
9. 'Eirel 8' rjaav Kara to evcovvfiov tcov *EWrjvcov Kepas, 
eBeccrav 6 ol r/ EX\7)ve$ fir) irpoadyoiev irpbs to Kepas Kal 
irepi7rTv%avTe<z dfJLcfroTepcoQev avTov? KaTaKotyeiav Kal eB6- 
Ket 7 avToh dvaiTTvacreiv to Kepas, Kal Troirjcraa&aL oiriG&ev 
tov 7roTa/Aov. 10. 'Ev a> Be TavTa e/3ovXevovTO Kal Br) /3a- 
aiXevs Trapa\xev^fdpjevo^ eh to avTo cyfiiia KaTecrTTjaev ivav- 
Ttav Tr)v (j>d\ayya coairep to irp&TOV iiayov)Levo<z avvyei. 
r if2? Be elSov ol r/ E\\r)ve<z eyyu? Te ovTas Kal 7rapaTeTayfie- 
vovs, av&L$ TraiaviaavTes eiryeaav ttoXv eTi Trpo^vjioTepov r) 

2 § 225. 8; H. § T98. 2. — 2 § 65. — 3 § 225. 5; H. § 789. d. — 4 Theme? 
— 5 § 139. — 6 Tense h.ow formed'? — 7 § 153. a. 



LIB. I; CAP. X. 39 

to TTpocr&ev. 1 11. 01 S' av fidpfiapoL ovk eBe^pPTO, dXX' i/c 
irXeopos i) to TrpooSep ecfrevyop • ol S' eTreBtcoKOP p*eypL kco- 
firjs 2 tlpos. 12. 'EvTavSa Be ecrTrjaap ol ''EXXrjpes* virep 
jap tt}<; fccofjLfjs <yrj\o(j)OS r)p, ifi ov dpeaTpd^rjaap ol d/JL(f)l 
fiacriXea, ire^ol fiep ovk £tl, tgop Be lirireccp 6 Xocpos epeirXr)- 

0~$rj, &CTT6 TO TTOLOV/jLePOP fJL7] JiyVCOCTK€CV. Kal to fiacriXeiop 

crrj/jLetov opav ecfxicrav, deTOP tlvcl ^pvaovp iirl TreXTr)? dva- 
TeTa/JLevov. 

13. 'Eirel Be Kal evTavSa e^cbpovp* ol "EXXrjpes, Xe£- 
ttovgl Br) teal top Xo<fiop ol liT7rel<; • ov fxePTOL €tc d&pooL y 
dXX aXXoL aXXoSep ■ i^frcXovTO S' 6 X6(f)o<z tcop lirirecav ■ re- 
Xo? Be Kal irdvTes aTre^coprjcrap. 14. f O ovp KXeap^os ov/c 
dvefilfia^ev eirl top Xocfrop, dXX' vtto clvtqv G-Trjaa^ to GTpd- 
Tevfia Trepbireu Avklop top Xvpatcovcriop Kal aXXop enrl top 
\6(j)OP, koI fceXevet KaTiBoPTas tcl virep tov Xocjiov tl icrTtp 
dirayyelXaL. 15. Kal o Avklov rjXacre Te Kal IBcop drrray- 
yeXXec otl <f>evyovcriP dpd Kpdrros* ^ZyeBop 8' b\e tclvtcl r)p 
kol ijXtos iBveTO. 16. 'EpTav&a S' eaTrjaap ol "EXXrjpes 
Kal Se/xepoL tcl oirXa dvenravopTO ■ Kal dfia fiep eS-av/ia^op 
otl ovBafiov Kvpos (jzalpoLTo, ovS* dXXos dir avTOv ovBels 
irapeirj • ov yap fjBeaap avTOP Te&prjKOTa* dXX etKa^op rj 
BccoKOPTa oc^ecr^ai rj KaTaXrjylrofjLepop 5 tl TrpoeXrjXaKepaL • 
17. Kal avTol e/3ovXevopTO el avTOv pbelpapTes tcl GKevofyopa 
ipTavSa dyoLPTO rj dirloLep eirl to GTpaToireBop. "EBo^ep 
ovp avTol? diTLevaL ■ Kal dcj)LKP0VPTaL dfjicpl BopTrrjcrTOP eTrl 
Ta? GKrjpds. 18. TavT7]<; /xep ovp t?}? 77/xepa? tovto to Te- 
Xo? iyepeTO. KaTaXafiftdpovaL Be tcop Te aXXcop ^prj/xaTcop 
tcl TrXelaTa BirjpTracr/jLepa 6 Kal el tl gltlop r) ttotop r)p • Kal 
tcl<; dfxd^as fieaTa? dXevpcop 5 Kal otpov, a? TrapeaKevaaaTO 
Kvpo<$y tpa el' iroTe crcj)oBpd XdfioL epBeLa to aTpaTevfia, Sia- 
BlBolt] to?9 "EXXtjctlp * rjaap 8' avTaL, a>9 eXeyopTo, TeTpaKO- 
criaL dfia^aL, Kal TavTas rore ol avv fiacriXeL SLijpTracrap. 

\§ 228. 2. — 2 § 199. — 3 Theme ? — 4 § 225. 7; H. § 799. 3. — 6 Synt.? 
— 6 What has become of C in the root? 



40 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

19. "flare aZeirrvoL rjaav oi ifkelarot, rcov 'EWijvcov • rjaav 
Be ical dvdptaroi ■ irplv jap Srj tcarakvaai l to arpdrev/xa 
Trpbs dpcarov, ftaacXevs i(j>dvrj. Tavrrjv fjbev ovv rrjv vv/cra 
ovtcd Sceyevovro. 

1 § 223. 3. 



LIB. II. CAP. I. 41 



SENO^ONTOS 
KTPOT ANABASEflZ B\ 



CAP. I. 



*f2H fiev ovv rj^polcr^T] Kvpcp to *EXkr)vi/c6v, oirore iiri 
tov aSe\(j)bv 'Apra^ep^rjv icrparevero, teal ocra iv rfj dvoBco 
iirpd^r] /cat co? rj p-dyr) iyevero /cat o>9 Kvpo? ire\evT7](T€ 
fcal a)? iirl to CTpaToireBov e\$cWe? oi r/ EWr]ve<; ixoLjuL^S-rj- 
cav 3 olofievot to, irdvTa vL/cav /cat Kvpov %f)v s iv too epbirpo- 
cSev \6yrj) Se&rjXcoTcu. 2. (r A\ia Be ttj ?)p<epa crvveX&ovTe? 
oi o~Tpa,Tr)yol iSav/ia^ov otl KOpc? ovTe aXkov irepuroL arjua- 
vovvTa o tl yprj TTGLelv, ovt clvtos $clIvolto. "EBo^ev ovv 
avTol? crvatcevacrajAevois a elypv teal i^oirXiGrafievois Trpolivac 
eh to TrpocrSev, eco$ Kvpcp av/Jifii^etav. 3. "HBtj Be iv opfifj 
ovtcov, dp! rj\i(p avUryovri rjXS-e Upofckrfi, 6 TevS-pavlas ap- 

X wv > yGJOVCDS CLTTO AdfiapaTOV TOV A&KCtiVOS, KCLl T\0V^ 

Tafico. Ovtol eXeyov otl Kvpo? /xev TeQvrjxev, 'Aptaios Be 
irecfrevycbs iv tQ> crTaQuw ecrj fieTa tcov aXXcov fiapftdpoov 
o$ev ttj TrpOTepaia wppbcovTO ■ kol XeyGi otl TavTrjv fiev t?]V 
rjpbepav TrepL/JLelvetev av aurou?, el fieXXotev fj/ceiv ■ tj) Be ciXXrj 
dirikvai (fxziT] iirl 'Icavta*;, b'S-evrrep r}X3-e. 4. TavTa cucov- 
(ravTes oi aTpaT-qyol teal oi oXXol r/ EXXrjve$ fiapeco? eefzepov. 
KXeapyo? Be TaSe elirev ■ '^lAA,' cofyeXe fiev Kvpos tfjv ■ iirel 
Be TeTe\evTT]fcev, dirayyeXXeTe 'Apialco otl qfiev; ye vLK&fiev 
ISacrLXea kcli, &>$ opaTe, ovBeh eTL rjpiLV /idyeTaL ■ teal el /jl?] 
v/j,eL? r/XS-eTe, iiropevofie^a av iirl fiacrLXea. 'ETrayyeXXopLe- 
$a Be 'ApLalw, idv iv&dBe eXQy, eh tov 3-povov tov fiaac- 



42 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

XeLov Ka&ielv avTov * tcov yap Tr)v liayr\v vlkcovtcov zeal to 
ap^eiv £gtl. 5. Tavr elircov diroareXkeL tovs dyyeXovs fcal 
gvv avrol? XecpiGocjzov rbv Ad/ccova teal Mivcova tov ©erra- 
Xov Kal yap avrbs 6 Mevcov efiovkero* rjv yap (frlXos Kal 
% evo? 'Apcatov. 6. 01 fiev ai^ovro, KXeapyos Be irepiepLeve. 
To Be arpdrevfia liropl'Cje.TO gltov 07tg>9 iBvvaTo etc t&v vito- 
tyyltov, k6tttovt€$ tou9 ySoi)9 Kal ovovs • %vXol<; S* e^p&vTO, 
ybiKpbv nrpolovres dirb Trjs <fidXayyo<; ov r) pLa^V iyevero, Toh 
re diGToh iroXXoh ovglv (ou9 fydytcatov ol "EWrjve? e/e/3aX- 
XeLV tov$ avTo/jLoXovvra? irapa fiaaikicos), /cat Toh yeppoL<? 
zeal ra?9 %vXlvaL<$ dcnrlac rals Aiyviniais • iroXXal Be Kal 
ireXrau /col dpa^ac rjaav (frepeaQac eprj/MOL* oh itclgl yjp&pie- 
voi Kpia etyovre? rjG&LOV eKeivrjv rrjv rjfiepav. 

7. Kal 77877 re rjv irepl TrXrjS^ovGav dyopdv Kal epypVTai 
irapa fiaaCkecos /cal Tiaaa^kpvov^ KrjpvKes, ol fiev dXXoL 
/3dp/3apoc rjv Be avrcov $aX2vo<$ eh r/ EXXrjv 9 09 ervy^ave 
irapa Tiaaa^epvei cov Kal evTlpioo? eywv Kal yap irpoare- 
Trotelro i7riGT7]pLQ)v elvai t&v dfi^l rd^€L<; re Kal oirXopa- 
yjav. 8. Ovtol Be irpoGeX&ovTes Kal KaXicravres tovs rcov 
'EXXrjvcov ap^ovras XeyovGtv on fiaaiXevs KeXeveL rou9 
"EXXrjvas, eirel vlkcov Tvyyavzi Kal Kvpov direKTOve, irapa- 
B6vra<; ra oirXa lovra^ eirl Ta9 fiaaikecos Svpa? ebpiGKeG&ab 
av tl Bvvcovrat dyaSov. 9. Tavra fiev elirov ol /3ao-ikea)$ 
KTjpvKe^' ol Be "EXXrjves fiapecos ptev rjKOvaav, o/jlcd? Be 
Rkeapxo? togovtov eXirev on ov rcov vlkcovtcov ellr) ra oirXa 
TrapaBiBovac *AXX\ echrj, vpueh pev, co avBpes arparriyoi, 
tovtois diTOKplvaaS-e 6 n kclKKigtov re Kal apicrrov ex €Te ' 
iyeb Be avrUa rjgeo. 'E/caXecre yap n<; avrbv rcov v7r7}pero)V, 
07ra)9 cBoc ra lepd e^rjpr][ieva • ervx^ yap Svc/ievo?. 10. 
if Ev&a Br) direKpivaro KXedvcop puev 6 'ApKas, TrpeGfivTaros 
cov, on TTpoG&ev av diro^dvotev r) rd oifka irapaBolev • Upb- 
fez/09 Be 6 ©77/3at09, '^4XX' eyd), ecprj, & ^aXcve, $avp,d%G) ttq- 
repa fo>9 Kparcov fiaGtXevs alrel ra oirXa r) m Bid (jjiXtav 
B£>pa. El fiev yap a>9 Kparobv, tl Bel avTov aiTeiv, Kal ov 
Xafielv iXSovTa ; el Be ireLGas fiovXeTac Xafielv, XeyeTco tl 



LIB. II. CAP. I. 43 

earai to2$ arpancoracs, eav avrco ravra yapiatovrai. 11. 
Ilpbs ravra $a\cvos elire • BaacXev? vt/cav rjyelrai, errel 
Kvpov drreKrove. TV? jap avrco eanv oans rrjs dp^f)? dvn- 
rroielrai ; No/jbi^ec Se Kal vpas eavrov elvac } ey^cov ev pbearj 
rfj eavrov X°^P a Kac ^orapcov ivrbs dSiafidrcov, teal ttXt/^o^ 
dv^pcorrcov icj> vpd$ Svvdpevos dyayelv oaov ouS' el rrapeyoi 
vplv Svvaio-y dv drroKrelvat, 

12. Met a rovrov Qeoiropiro^ ^ A^7]valo^ elire • V2 <±><z- 
X2ve : vvv co? av opas rjpcv ovSev earlv dya^bv dXXo el p,rj 
oirXa Kal dperrj. f/ OrrXa pcev ovv e^ovres olope^a dv Kal rfj 
dperfj ^pfjcr^aL ■ irapahovres §' dv ravra teal rcov acopdrcov 
areprfhrjvai. Mrj ovv otov ra piova dya^d rjpblv ovra vplv 
irapahcoaetv ■ dXXa avv rovroc? Kal rrepl rcov vpuerepcov dya- 
^scov pba^ovpe^a. 13. 'Atcovcras Se ravra 6 <PaXlvos iyeXaae 
Kal elrrev ■ *AXXa cpcXoaocpco pcev eoifcaS) & veaviaice, Kal Xe- 
yet$ ov/c dydpiara ■ ca^i pbevroc dvbrjro^ cov, el o'cec dv rrjv 
vp^erepav dperrjv irepcyevea^at tt}? /3acn\ecos hvvdpecos. 14. 
*AXXov$ Se nvas ecpaaav Xeyeiv vrropaXaKiCp\ievov^ co? fcal 
Kvpco irtarol eyevovro Kal fiaatXet y dv iroXXov d^toc yevoiv- 
ro, el /3ovXotro (filXos yevea^ac ■ Kal elre dXXo n ^e\ot, Xprj- 
cr^at, e'er err Alyvrrrov arpareveiv, avyKaraarpeijraivr dv 
■ avrco. 15. *Ev rovrco KXeap^os fjxe Kal rjpcorrjaev el 77877 
drroKeKptpevoc elev, $>aXlvo$ S' viroXa(Bcov elrrev ■ Ovroi, 
puev. co KXeapxe, dXXo<; dXXa Xeyei ■ av 8" rjp,tv elire rl Xeyec$. 
16. OS* elirev ■ *Eyco ere, co $>aXcve, a<jp,evos ecopaKa, dpiac 
oe Kal ol aXXoc rrdvres [ovroi] • av re yap rf EXXr]v el Kal 
rj/jLel?, roaovroi ovres ocrou? av Spas • ev rocovroi^ Be b'vres 
rrpdypuaaL avp,/3ovXev6pLe§d aoc ri %pr) rroielv rrepl cov Xeyeis. 
IT. Sv ovv, 7rpo? ^ecoVj avpi^ovXevaov rjplv 6 re aoc Sokec 
KaXXtarov Kal dpcarov elvac, Kal 6 aoi rcprjv olaei eh rbv 
eirevra %p6vov dvaXeyopbevov, on QaXivos rrore irepLc^heh 
irapd /3aatXeco<; KeXevacov rov$ "EXXrjvas ra oirXa irapahov- 
vai av{if3ovXevopievoi$ avve/3ovXevaev avrois rdSe. Ola^a oe 
on dvdyKT) Xeyea^ac ev rfj 'EXXdSt a dv avpfiovXevar)?. 18. 
O oe KXeapxos ravra virrjyero, /3ovXo/xevos Kal avrbv rbv 



! 



44 EXPEDITIO CYKI. 

irapa fiacriXecos Trpeafievovra avfifiovXevaat firj rrapahovvav 
rd oVXa, oircas eveXmhes fidXXov elev ol "EXXrjves. <&aX2vo<; 
S' viroarpey^ra^ rrapa rrjv ho^av avrov elrrev 5)he. 

19. \Eyeo, el p,ev roov fivplcov eX7rlhcov fila tl<; vplv eart 
(TGoferjvaL rroXefiovvras /3ao~tXel, av/jb^ovXevco firj rrapahihovai 
rd birXa* el he roc fjLrjhe/Jbca acorr/pias ecrrlv eA/7rl9 a/covro? 
fiao-iXecos, avfij3ovXevco aco^ea^at hfxlv ottt] hvvarov. 20. 
KXeapxps he. rrpbs ravra elirev • y AXXa ravra fiev hrj av Xe- 
yeis • 7rap' rj/itov he dirdyyeXXe rdhe } ore rjfiets olofie^a, el fiev 
heoc ftacnXel tyiXovs elvat, rrXeiovos av a^toi eivai <j>lXol e^ov- 
re$ rd oirXa r) rrapahovre? aXX<o • el he heoc rroXefielv^ dfieivov 
av rroXefielv e^pvre^ rd orrXa i) aXXqy rrapahovres. 21. c O he 
&aXivo<; elire * Tavra fiev hr] drrayyeXov/iev ■ dXXa /cal rdhe 
vfiiv ehrelv e/ceXevcrev fiacriXevs, ore fievovac fiev vfiiv avrov 
crrovhal el'rjo-av, rrpolovcn he tcai dmovat 7roXejio<;. Elrrare 
ovv teal rrepl rovrov nrorepa fievelre koX crrovhal elcrtv rj a>9 
rroXefiov ovros irap vfiojv drrayyeXG). 22. KXeapy/o? 8* eXe- 
%ev • 'ArrdyyeXXe roivvv /cal rrepl rovrov on /cal rjficv ravra 
ho/eel arrep koX /3acrtXel. Ti ovv ravr eartv ; ecfrrj 6 <&aXlvo$. 
'Aire/cplvaro KXeap%o$ m *Hv fiev fievoyfiev, crrrovhal' diriovo~i 
he /cal Trpolovai rroXefios. 23. e O he rrdXcv rjpeorrjere • Srrov- 
Sa9 rj rroXefiov drrayyeXa) ; KXeap^os he ravra rrdXcv dire- 
Kpivaro ■ Crrovhal fiev fievovcrtv^ dTrcovat he i) Trpolovat irb- 
Xefio<?. "0 ri he rroLrjcroi ov htearjfiave. 



CAP. II. 

1. QaXlvos fiev h/j <pX eT0 Kai °^ G ^ v avT <p* 01 he irapa 
'Aptatov rjtcov, UpotcXr)<; /cal Xeipicro<fios ■ Mevcov he avrov 
efieve rrapa 'Aptala)' ovroc 8' eXeyov ore 7roXXov$ tya'trf ** Api- 
alos elvai Tlepaas eavrov fieXrlovs, 01)9 ov/c av dvaa^ea^ai 
avrov /3acnXevovro<; • dU' el ftovXea^e crvvarrievai, rjiceiv i^jhrj 
/ceXevet rr)<; vv/cros • el he firj^ avrbs irpcoi drcikvai (firjcrlv. 2. 
f O he KXeap^o? elirev ■ 'AXX* ovroo yjprf iroielv^ eav fiev rj/coo- 



LIB. II. CAP. II. 45 

/lev, coairep XeyeTe* el Be fir}, irpdrrere oirolov av tl v/jllv 
ocrja^e fMaXcara avficpepeiv. r/ tl Be ttol^ctol ovBe tovtols 
elire, 3. Mera Be ravra, ijBrj rjXiov Bvvovtos, avy/caXecras 
toi>? GTpaTTjyovs Kal Xo^ayovs eXe^e ToidBe* *E/u,ol, & dv- 
Bpes, ^vofievco Ikvai eirl fiaartXea ovtc iylyveTO rd lepd, Kal 
el/coro)? dpa ovk eycyveTO. c /2? yap eyeb vvv irvv^sdvopLai^ ev 
f.iea(p rjficov Kal fiaatXecDS 6 Tlyprjs TrorapLos £gtl vavaiiropos^ 
bv ovk av Bwai/ne^a dvev ttXolcdv Sta^rjvac irXola 8' rj/iels 
ovk eyopuev. Ov puev Br/ avrov ye jxeveiv olov re ■ rd yap Ittl- 
rrjSeca ovk ecrrtv eyetv ■ levai Be nrapd tovs Kvpov <ju\ov$ 

, Trdvv fcaXa tj/jllv rd lepd rjv. 4. *£lhe ovv ypv irately ■ dirL- 
6vra<z hearvelv 6 tl tls ^X €t ' t^ciBdv $£ G7]pbr]vrj tg3 /cepart co? 

i civairaveo^at^ avo-Kevd^ea^e' erretBdv he. to BevTepov, dvari- 
^ea^e eirl rd vTro^vyta ■ eirl Be tg3 rplrco eirea^e rS r)yovfie- 
z/«, rd pev viro^vyta eyovres Trpbs rod irorapLov, rd Be orrXa 
e£co. 5. Tavra dfcovaavres oi arparr/yol Kal Xoyayoi dirr]K- 
^ov Kal eiroiovv ovrco • Kal to Xolttov 6 pXv r)pyev, oi S' errei- 
^ovtOj ouv eXofievot, dXX* opcovTe? on fiovos efypovei oca Set 

1 tgv dpyov-a, oi Be dXXoL direipoi rjcrav. 6. ^ApL^f/xos he tt}$ 
68ov ?)v rjX^cv e£ 'Ecfreaov ti)s 'Ioovlas pLe'^pt, ttjs /xa^? GTa- 
^/jloI Tpecs koi evvevr]KOVTa^ irapaodyyai irevTe Kal TpiaKOVTa 

j Kal TrevTaKocTiOiy aTaScot 7revTrJK0VTa Kal e^aKicryiXLOL Kal 
fivpccL 9 curb Be t?)? /xa^9 eXeyovro elvai els BafivXcbva crTa- 
Bloi e^rjKOVTa Kal TptaKocrioL. 

7. 'EvTev^ev S?7 ? eVet gkotos eyeveTo, MlXtokv^t]? fiev 6 
Qpa%i ^X wv T0 ^ T€ i 7T ' 7T e a $ to^? /xeSr* eavTov els TeTTap&Kov- 

| T<2j Kal TCOV TTet&V QpaKOiV Ct)9 TpLaKOGLOVS, 7]VTO/ji6X7]Ge TTpO? 

{3ao~iXea. 8. KXeapyos Be tols aXXoi? r)yelTO KaTa Ta ira- 
pTjyyeXfieva, oi 5' elrrovTO ■ Kal dcfrtKVovvTat els tov Trpcorov 
GTa^pLov irapd ' Apialov Kal tt)v eKeivov GTpaTidv d/x(pl /xeaas 
vvtcTas' Kal ev Ta^ec ^eiievoc Ta oirXa crvvrp&ov oi GTpaTvyol 
Kal Xo%ayol tcov 'EXXtjvcov irapd ^Aptalov ■ Kal cofxoaav ol Te 
r EXXrjves Kal 6 ^Aptalos Kal tcov crvv avrcp oi KpaTtaTOi fii^Te 
irpoBdoaetv dXXrjXovs crvpLyLayoi Te eaea^at • oi Be /3dpf3apoL 
rnrpoaco/jLoaav Kal rjyrjaea^iai aSoXa>?. 9. TavTa S' eopLoaav, 



46 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

a(f)dj;avT€S ravpov Kal Xvkov Kal Kairpov Kal Kptbv et? acnri- 
ha, fiuiTTOVTes oi puev "EXXrjves £/</>o?, oi he fidpfiapot Xoy- 
yT]v. 10. 'Eirel he ra Triard iyeveTO, elrrev 6 KXiapftov 
"Aye $)j, co 'Apiaie, inreiTrep 6 auT09 r)plv cttoXos ean teal 
vfjLtv, elire Ttva yvcofiyv e^a? Trepl 7% Tropeias • irorepop dnri- 
fiev tfvrrep rjX^opbev r) aXXrjv rcva ivvevorjfcivat So/cecs oSbv 
KpeLTTO) ; 11. f O 8' elirev *Hv fiev rp^opuev aTrtovres irdv- 
t£? av V7TO Xljllov airoXoifie^fa ' virdpxei yap vvv rjp.lv ovhev 
tcov €7TLT7)8eLoov. 'EiTTaKalheKa yap o~to%/jlcov tcov iyyvraTCO 
ovhe hevpo toVres etc tt}? %&tyW oy ^ v e ^X°^ ev ^a^fidvetv 
€v$aa 8' em r)v, i)fJL€is hiairopevopbevoi KaTehairavrjaapiev. Nvv 
S' eTTivovpiev iropevea^au /nafcporipav fiev, tcov 8' eTriTrjSeicov 
ov/c aTToprfao/jLev. 12. Tlopevreov 8' r)fuv tovs TrpcoTOV? ara- 
^/jlov? a>? av hwcopce^a fxaKpordrov^^ Xva a>? irXdarov airo- 
enrao^ copbev rov /3aaiXtKov arparevfJiaTO^ ■ rjv yap arra^ hvo 
r) rpccov rj/jiepcov ohbv diroa-^copLev, ov/c ere fir) Bvvrjrai /Sacrt- 
Xevs r)jxa^ fcaraXafielv. 'OXiyto fiev yap crTpaTevfiarc ov 
ToXpLi]<T€i ic^eirecr^ai • iroXvv 8' e^cov cttoXov ov hwrjererab 
Ta^eco^ iropevecr^ai • icrtos he Kal tcov iTTLTrjSelcov cnraviei. 
TavTTjv, ecprj, tt)v yvcofirjv eyc° cycoye. 

13. ^Hv 8' avTTj rj GTpaTriyla ovhev aXXo hwafievr] i) diro- 
hpdvai rj dirocpvyeLV ■ r) he Tvyr) icTTpaTrjyrjcre koXXlov. 'Eirel 
yap rjfiepa iyevero, iiropevovTO iv hefjea e^ovTe^ tov r)Xtov, 
Xoyi^ofxevot rfeeiv apba rjXlco hvvovTC et? /ccopias r?}? Ba/3vXco- 
via$ xcopas. Kal tovto puev ov/c iyjrevcr^Tjaav. 14. "Etc he 
dpLcpl heiXrjv eho^av iroXepbiovs opav Irnreas ■ /cal tcov re f JEA,- 
Xtjvcov ot fir) eTV^ov iv Tals Ta^eaiv ovTes els Ta9 Tatjeis e^eov, 
/cal ^Apialos, {eTvy^ave yap ej> dp,d%7]<; 7ropev6fievo<; hioTi ere- 
TpcoTOj) /caTa/3d<; e^capa/ci^eTO Kal ol avv avTco. 15. 'Ev co 
he coirXi^ovTO rjKOV XeyovTes oi 7rpo7re/jLCp&evTe<; gkottoI otl ov-ft 
iirireZs elcriv, dXXd VTro^vyca veptoiTO. Kal 6v^z)? eyvcoaav 
TrdvTes otl eyyu? ttov eaTpaTOireheveTo ^aatXev^' Kal yap 
Kai Kairvbs icfratveTO iv Kcofiais ov it potato* 16. KXeapxos he 
iirl p,ev tovs TroXepulovs ovk rjyev ■ {fjhei yap koX aTrecprjKOTa^ 
tou? GTparicoTa^ Kal dcriTovs 6Wa9 • r)hr) he Kal 6\jre rjv 4 ) ov 



LIB. II. CAP. III. 47 

jievroL ov$* airefcXive^ (fivXaTTOpuepos pir) So/colt] (pevyeLP • aXX 
ev^vcopop dycop cifJLa tc3 r/Xup Svojuivco eh ras eyy vtutco xco- 
jjlcls tol;? irpcoTOVs €%gqv /caTeafc/jpcocrep, it; &>v Su]p7raaT0 virb 
tov ficLGLkifcov orTpaTevpiaTOS fcal avra tcl airb tcop olklcop 
£vXa. 17. 01 fjiev ovv irpcorot oyu,o)? rpoircp tlpl iaTparorre- 
hevaavrO) ol S' varepoc cncoTaloL TTpocrLOPTes o>? eTvyyjivop 
e/caaroL tjuXl^qpto, teal fcpavyrjp itoXXiip eiroiovp xaXovPTes 
dXXrfXovs, coare icai toxj? TroXe/xlovs aKovetv ' coare ol fxev 
iyyvrara tcop iroXepLLcop /cal ecf)vyop ifc tcop cncTiptopLaTcov. 18. 
ArfXop he tovto ttj varepata eyevero • ovre yap virotyyiov en 
ovhkv icf)dv7) ovre arparoireSov ovre kclttvos ovScljllov ttXtjo-lop. 
^E^eTrXdyr] Si, o>? eoLtce, fcal /3ao~iXevs rfj ecpoSco tov arparev- 
fjiaTos • io7]Xcoae he tovto oh ttj vaTepaia eirpciTTe. 19. 
npoLova-rj^ fjievTOL tt}? vvktos TavTr\<$ real tol$ "EXXtjq-l <fiof3o$ 
ipuriTTTeiy teal ^6pv/3o<; /cal SoOtto? tjp olov elxbs cpofiov epLire- 
croz/709 ylyvea^ai. 20. KXeapyG? Be ToXpLthrjp 'HXelop, op 
errvyyavev eycop Trap eavTco /cijpv/ca dpiGTOv tcop TOTe, tovtop 
dveiirelv i/ceXevae at,yr)v tcaTaicrjpv^avTa otl Trpoayopevovatv 
ol dpyopTes, o? av tov dcpePTa top ovop eh tcl OTrXa pbiivvar], 
otl Xr^eTaL /jbta^bv tolXovtop dpyvplov. 21. 'Eirel he TavTa 
ifCTjpvy^Tjj eypcoaap ol crTpaTLcoTaL otl tcevbs 6 (p6/3os etrj teal ol 
apyopTes ccooi. r 'Apia he op^pco TrapTjyyetXep 6 KXeapyps eh 
Ta^tv tcl oirXa T^ea^ac tovs "EXXrjPas fj-jrep elypp 6t€ tjp t) 
iid X V- 

CAP. III. 

1. *0 he hr) eypa^ra otl /3acrt\eu? e^eirXdyrf ttj icpohco, 
TcoSe SrjXop ?ip • ttj /nep yap irpocr^ep rjpiepa TzepnT^v tcl oirXa 
irapahihopaL e/ceXeve, TOTe Se apua rfxlco dpaTeXXopTL fcr)pv/ca<? 
eirepb-^re irepl gttopScop. 2. Ol & eirel rjX^op irpbs tovs irpo- 
(puXatcas, i^rjTovp tov? apyoPTas. 'Eirel S' dir^yyeLXap ol 
TrpocbvXafces, KXeapyo^ tv)(cop To~e ra? Ta^eL? errLcrKOTrcbp 
elrre Toh irpocpvXa^L iceXeveiP tou9 Kr\pvKa^ irepLixepeLP a^pi? 
clp o")(oXdo-rj, 3. ^Eirel he KaTeaTrjcre to aTpaTevpia cScrre 



4:8 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Ka\ci)<z eyetv opda^at irdvrrj epdXayya TTVKvrjv, tcov Be doirXcov 
ptrjBeva Karacfiavr/ elvat, eKaXeae tovs dyyeXovs Kal avTos re 
7rpof)X^)€ tovs re evorrXoTaTovs e^cov /ecu eveiBeerTaTov<; Teov 
avrov arparLcoTcoVy zeal tois aXXois arparrjyoL^ ravrd ecfipa- 
erev. 4. Eirel Be r\v irpos rots dyyeXoi?, dvrjpcora tl fiov- 
Xoivto. 01 S' eXeyov oti ire pi erTrovBcov rjKotev dvBpes otTtve^ 
Itcavol eaovrau rd tg irapd /3ao-tXeco<; tois r/ EXX?]aiv dirayyei- 
Xcu Kal rd irapd twv ^EXXrjveov fiacriXei. 5. 'O Be direKpl- 
varo ' 5 ' AirayyeKXeTe tolvvv clvtw ore p-d^ys Bel Trpcorov • 
dpcarov yap ovtc karcv ovBe 6 ToXptrjcrcov irepl cnrovB&v Xeyeiv 
tois "EXXrjcri ptrj iropiaa^ dpicrTOV. 6. Tavra dfcovcravTes ol 
dyyeXoi dirifXavvov, Kal rjteov Tayy ' to Kal BrjXov rjv otl 
iyyvs 7rov fiacriXevs rjv i) aXXos tis co errereraKTO Tavra 
irpdrTeiv ' eXeyov he otl el/cora BoKolev Xeyeiv /SaeriXei) /cat 
tfteotev rjye/Jiovas eyovTes oi avTOvs, eav at airovBal yevcovTat, 
d^overtv ev^ev e^ovat Ta eirtTrjBeta. 7. *0 8' rjpeoTa el avTOis 
T069 dvBpdert cnrevSotTO covert Kal diriovertv^ rj Kal toi^ aXXots 
eootVTO oirovBaL 01 Be, TIdcriv, cepaoav, pteypt^ dv (3ao~tXei 
Ta Trap* v/jlwv BtayyeX^fj. 8. 'Ewel Be Tavra elTrov, fxeTa- 
oTr)crd/jLevo$ avTovs 6 KXeapyps e/3ovXeveTo • Kal eBoKei ra? 
enrovBds TToteZer^at Tayy Kal Ka^ y rjerv^tav eX^eiv re eirl Ta 
eiriTrjBeia Kal Xaftetv. 9. O Be KXeap^os elire ■ AoKel fjtev 
Kal ifiol Tavra 9 ov ptevTot Tayy ye dirayyeXw, dXXd BtaTpi- 
-^reo ear dv oKvrjcreoeriv ol dyyeXoi fir] dnroBo^rj r)pZv ra<? 
enrovBd? 7roirjaaa^at ■ olfiai ye ptevTOt, ecfir), Kal to?9 f}fi€T6* 
pots crTpaTiGOTais tov avrov ej>6j3ov irapeaea^sat, Eiret Be 
eBoieet Kaiphs elvat, aTrrjyyeXXev oti airevBotTO, Kal ev'&vs 
rjyela^at eKeXeve 7rp6? Ta e7riT7)Seia. 

10. Kal ol (lev rjycvvTo, KXeap^os fievTOt eiropeveTO Ta? 
ptev airovBds irotrjerofxevos, to Be erTpaTev/na e^cov ev Ta^e ■ Kat 
avTos Be coTria^oefivXaKet. Kal evervyyavov Tdfypois koi av- 
Xcocrtv vBaTos, TrXrjpeaiv a)? fir} Bvvaa^tat Bta/3aivetv dvev ye- 
epvpcov • a\\' errotovvTO BtajBderets eie tcov efiotvUaiv, ol rjaav 
eKireiTTecKOTeSt roil? Be teal e^eKOTTTOV. 11. Kal evrav^a i)v 
KXeapxov KaTaptaiieiv eos eireaTaTety ev ptev Tjj dp tare pa 



LIB. II. CAP. III. 49 

yei.pl to Bopv e^cov, ev Be tt) Behcet (3aKT7)plav • Kal el T6? 

aVTCO BoKOLT] TOJV 7TpO? T0VT0 TeTaypi€VCOV /3XaK€V€LV, €fc\,€j6- 

fievos tov €7riTi]heiov erraiaev av, Kal cipua avros nrpoaeXdpblia- 
vev eh tov irrfkbv ififiaivcov wcrre Trdaiv aio~yyv7)v elvac /at) 
ov avaTrovBd^ecv. 12. Kal eTa^7]aav pbev 7rpo? clvtov ol 
TpidtcovTa eTrj yey ovoTe? • eVel Be Kal KXeap^ov eoopcov cnrov- 
Bd£ovTa : irpoaeXdpL^avov Kal ol 7rpea/3vTepoc. 13. IIoXv Be 
/idXXov 6 KXeap^os eairevBeVy viroiTTevwv pbi] del ovtco ttXtj- 
pets elvat tcl<; Td<fipovs vBaTos ' (ov yap rjv copa oca to ireBiov 
dpBeiv ■ ) a\V LPa rjBii 7roXXa tcl diropa irpofyaivoLTO Toh 
^EXXtigiv elvat eh tt)v Tropelav, tovtov evetca ftaaiXea 
v7rco7TTevev eirl to ireBiov to vBcop dfyeucevai. 

14. Uopevopbevot he d(f)tKOVTo eh KcopLa 1 ;, oQev direBeb^av 
ol rjye/jioves Xapb/3dvetv tcl eiriTrjBeLa. *Evfjv Be gltos 7roXvs 
Kal olvos (f)OLVLKcov Kal o^os e^rjrbv dirb tcov avTcov. 15. 
AvTal Be al /3dXavot to)V (potvtKcov, olas fxev ev Toh r, EXXrj- 
o~iv icTTLV IBelv, Toh ouceTai^ dirmeiVTo ■ al Be Toh BeairoTat^ 
diroKei/jLevat rjaav diroXeKToi, SavpLacnao to KaXXos Kal to 
fieyeQos ' ?) Be oyjri? rjXeKTpov ovBev Btecjyepe ■ ra? Be Tivas 
%r]paLV0VTe<; TpayrjpiaTa direTL$eo~av. Kal rjv ko\ irapd ttq- 
tov o)Bv pceVy KecpaXaXyh Be. 10. 'EvTavSa ical tov iy/ei- 
<j)a\ov tov (frolvLKos 7rpa)Tov ecpayov ol GTpaTtcoTai, Kal ol 
iroXXol eSavpLaaav to Te eldos Kal tt)v IBtoTrjTa t?}? fjSovfj?. 
'Hv Be acpoBpa Kal tovto icefyaXaXyes* Be (polvt^ 6Sev 
e%aipe$elr] 6 iyfci<f)aXo$ oXo? avalveTo. 

17. 'EvTavQa ep^eivav rjpbepa? Tpeh ' Kal irapd pteydXov 
f3aort,Xe(i)? rjxe TcacracpepVTjs Kal 6 tt)<; /3aai\icD$ yvvacKo? 
d8eX(f)bs Kal aXXoc Ilepcrat Tpeh ' BovXot Be ttoXKoI eXirovTO. 

Eirel Be aTrrjVT7]aav avToh ol tcov e EXXr]vcov aTpaT^yoi, 
eXeye 7rp£)T0<? Tccrcra<pepvrj^ Bt eppLrjveais ToidBe* 

18. 'Eyco, & avBpes "EXXrjveSy yetTcov olkcj ttj 'EXXdBc* 
Kal eirel vpLas elBov eh TrdXXa icaKa Kal dpirj^ava epbireirToo- 
KOTa<Zy evprjpia eirotrjadpLriv el 7T&)? Bwalpurpv irapd j3aaCXeo)^ 
alTiqcraoSaL Bovvat puot diroaoocraL lipids eh tt)v *EXXdBa. 
Oipbat yap dv ovk d^aplaTcos pboi e^ecv ovTe irpbs vpbojv oi/re 

C 



50 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

7rpb<z t?)? 'EXXdBo? dirdarjs. 19. Tavra Be yvov<; yrovpt^v 
(3aatXea 3 Xeycov avra> ort BtKatcos av ptot %apt£otro, ort avrco 
Kvpov re iirtarparevovra irpcoTos rjyyecXa Kal fiorjQetav 
e%(£V dpta ry dyyeXta afafcojATjv * Kal ptovo? rcov Kara rov$ 
r/ EXXr]vas rerayptevcov ov/c ecfivyov, dXXu BtrjXaaa Kal awe- 
ptt^a /3aatXet ev rw vpLerepcp arparoireBrp, ev$a ftaatXevs 
ci(fclfC6TO eirel Kvpov direKietve. Kal toi>9 ^vv Kvpcp ftapfid- 
povs iBlco^a avv rotaBe rots irapovat vvv pier eptov, oiirep 

aVTCp el(JL TTLGTOTCLTOi. 20. Kal 7T€pl pteV TOVTCDV Viria^erO 

fjboc /3ovXevaaa$at • epea&at Be fie vfias i/ceXevaev eX&ovra 
T1V09 eveicev iarparevaare iir avrov. Kal avpfiovXevco vpttv 
pterptco^ diroKptvaaQat, %va /jlol evir pater ore pov f] idv rt Bvvcd- 
ptat dyaQbv vplv Trap avrov Btairpd^aaQat. 

21. JJpo? Tavra pteraardvre^ oi "EXXrjves ij3ovXevovro • 
teal direKpivavro, KXeapyps S' eXeyev ■ *Hptet$ ovre awyXS-o- 
ptev o>9 (BaatXel iroXepafjaovre^ ovr iiropevbpteSa iirl fiaat- 
Xia • dXXd iroXXds irpocfzdaet? Kvpos evptaKev, a>9 ical av ev 
olaQa, tva vptds re dirapaaKevdarovs Xd/3ot Kal yptas ivQdSe 
dvaydyot. 22. 'Eirel ptevrot j]8r) avrbv ecopcopbev iv Betv(p 
ovra } r}ayvv3-rjfjLev Kal &eov$ ical dvQpcoirovs irpoBovvat av- 
rov, iv rS> irpoaQev %povcp irapeyovres 7]pd$ avrovs ev irotetv. 
23. 'Eirel Be Kvpo<; reS-vrjxev, ovre ftaatXet dvrtirotovpteSa 
•ri)9 dpyj)s ovr eartv orov eveKa jSovXoifieS* dv rr)v ftaatXecos 
ycopav KaKGd? irotetv ■ ovd avrov airoKretvat av cdeXotptev, 
iropevotfieBa S' av otxaSe, el Tt$ 7j/jLa<z ptrj Xvirotri • dbtKovvra 
fxevrot ireipacropLe&a avv rot? Qeot? dpLvvaaBat ■ idv ptevrot 
Tts yjAas /cal ev irotoov virdp-yrj, Kal rovrov et9 ye Zvvaptv gv% 
r/TTrjaopteQa ev iroiovvres. *0 ph> gvtcds elirev. 

21. 'AKOvaas Be 6 Ttaaacj>epv7]<; e<f>7i • Tavra eyeb diray- 
ye\co [BaatXel Kal v/itv irdXtv ret irap eKetvcv • jJte^pt S' dv 
iyd) yKco at airovSal ptevovreov ■ dyopdv Be rjpLets irapk^opiev. 
25. Kal eh fiev ryv varepalav ov-% rjKev ■ cScrS-' oi "'EXXTjves 
i<j>p6vrt£ov • rfj Be rptrj] i'jkcov cXcyev gtl Btaireirpay/i-ivo? 
ijKOt irapd /SaatXico? Bo&qvat avrS aco^ecv rov$ f/ EX\r]va$, 
Kaiirep it avv iroXX&v dvrtXeyovrcov a>9 ovk a^tov ety j3aatXel 



LIB. II. CAP. IV. 5-^ 

dfyelvai tovs icfS eavrbv arparevcrafiivov? • 26. Ti\o$ S' 
€6776 ■ KaX vvv e^eanv vplv mora \aj3eiv irap tj/jlcov rj fiyv 
(jjiktav rrape^ecv vplv rijv X^9 av Kai ahoXtos dird^etv eh rrjv 
'EXXdSa, dyopdv rrapkyovras • gttov $ av put) fj TrplaaScu, 
Xajiftdveiv vpids ifc tt}? %^pa9 idao/xev rd eTTirrjheia. 27. 
'TfLa? h' av r)plv heijcret ofioacu r) i±i]v nropevcreo^ai C09 hid 
<j>tkia$ dcrivcos, alra ical irord Xajifidvovras, oirorav fir) ayo- 
pdv rrapkycojiev • r)v he irapej(CDjiev dyopdv, Qivovfievovs e^etv 
rd eTrirrjheca. 28. Tavra eho^e • /cal cojioaav ical he&ds 
ehoaav Tto'aatpepvrjs /cal 6 777s /SacnXicDS ywaucbs dheXcbbs 
rot? rwv 'EXXrjvcov crparrjyoLS /cal Xo^ayol^ teal eXa/3ov 
Trapd rcov ( EXXrjvcov. 29. Merd he lavra T Uaaacjji pvrfi 
elire ■ Nvv fiev hr) direiyui a>9 /3acri\ea ■ irrethdv he hiarrpd' 
%co[iai a heo/jcac, rj^co GvaKevacrdjievo^ a>? aTra^a)^ u/xa9 eh 
t?;^ 'EXXdha teal avrbs diTLcbv iirl rrjv e/iavrov dp)(fjv. 



CAP. IV. 

1. Merd Tavra Trepte/Jbevov Tccrcra^epvrjv oi re "EXXrj- 
ve<? fcal 'Apiatos, iyyvs dXXyXccv earparoTrehev/jievot, rj/nipa^ 
TrXelovs rj eitcocriv. *Ev he ravrais d$i/cvovvrai 777209 ^Api~ 
alov KaX oi dheXcfrol /cal oi dXXot dvay/cacoc, /cal irpbs tou9 
avv i/cecvq) Ilepcrcov rives, rrapaS-appvvovres re ical he£id<z 
evioi Trapd (3acrCXecD$ <f>epovre<z fxii fivrjac/ca/crjaeLv ftacCXea 
avrofc rys cvv Kvpcp eiricrrpareiasy firjoe aXXov pLrjhevbs rcov 
Trapoi-^o/Jievcov. 2. Tovrcov he ytyvojievcov evhrfXov rjcrav oi 
Trepl rhv " Apialov rjrrov Trpocreyovres roh "EXXrjcrt rbv vovv • 
&are /cal rovro roh jAv rroXXoh rcov ^EXkrfvcov oifc rjpecntev, 
aXkd TTpocnovre? rep Kkedp^qy ekeyov /cal rocs aXkois err pa- 
T?770i9 ' 3. Tl fievojiev ; rj ov/c imardiie^a on, fiacriXevs 
rjfids diro\ecai av rrepl rravrbs rroir]Gairo, iva /cat rots a\- 
Xot9 "EWrjo-t, ^6/3o9 fj iirl fiacrikea fieyav arpareveiv ; KaX 
vvv fiev r)jids vrrdyerai pueveiv hid rb ccecrTrdpBac avra> ro 
crrpdrev/jia • iirethdv he ttoXiv dXia^fj avrQ> r) arparia, ovk 



52 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

eartv O7rco9 ov/c enri^rjcrerai t){jllv. 4. "Ictcd? Be rrov rj diro- 
crtcdrrrei ri rj drroreiyj.^ei, a>9 drropo? fj rj 686$. Ov yap irore 
e/ccov ye ftovXrjtreraL fjfjias eX&ovras eh rr)v 'EXXdBa diray- 
yelXai &>9 rj/ieh, roaolBe ovres, evc/coo/iev rr)v ftacnXecos Bvva- 
pav errl rah Svpcus avrov /cal KarayeXdcravre? airrfK^ojiev. 

5. KXeap^os Be drretcpivaro rocs ravra Xeyovariv ■ '£70) 
evSvfiovjAcu fMev /cal ravra irdvra • evvoco Be ore el vvv diri- 
fxeVy Bo^o/mev eirl iroXefico drnevai /cal rrapa ra<; crrrovBd? rroi- 
etv. "Eireira irpcorov fiev dyopdv ovBels rrape^ei rj/icv, ouS' 
oiro&ev emairioviie^a ■ avS-is Be 6 rjyrjcrofjLevos ovBeh earai • 
ical a[xa ravra rroiovvrcov rj/acov evS-vs ' Apialo^ acpecrrrj^et, • 
cocrre <£t\o9 t)}ju,v ovBel? XeXetyerai, dXXd fcal 01 rrpocr&ev 
ovre? iroXepaoL tj/jllv ecrovrac. 6. Horafio^ Be el puev res teal 
aXXos dpa r/ulv ecrrt Btaj3areo$, ovtc olBa ■ rbv S' ovv Evcjypd- 
rr]V lafiev on dBvvarov Biafirjvai /ccoXvovrcov iroXepbicov. Ov 
fiev Brj, av pbd^ecr^ai ye Bey, lirrreh elcrlv rj/jbtv cvjLL{ia%oi, • 
rcov Be rroXepbicov hrirels elcriv 01 rrXelaroi /cal ifXeicrrov 
d^LOL • cocrre vaccovre^ puev rlva av dirofcretvatjJLev ; ^rrcopbe- 
vcov Be prjv ovBeva olov re crcoQrjvat. 7. 'Eyco fxev ovv /3acrt- 
Xea } co rroXkd ovrco^ earl rd av^iiaya, elirep irpo^vfielrai 
97/XS9 arroXeaat, ov/c olBa 6 ri Bel avrov ofioaai /cal Be^iav 
Bovvai /cal &eov? eiriop/crjaai teal rd eavrov iricrra drrccrra 
TroirjtTai "EXXtjgi re /cal (3ap(Sdpot<;. Tocavra 7roXXa eXe- 
yev. 

8. 'Ev Be rovrco rjfee Tccrc7acpepvr)<; e^cov rrjv eavrov Bvva- 
fjbtv, o>? eh oifcov diricov, /cal 'Opovras rrjv eavrov Bvvapuv ' 
rjye Be /cal rrjv Qvyarepa rrjv fiacnXecds eirl ydfico. 9. 'Ev- 
revQev Be rjBrj Tcaaa^epvov^ TjyovfJbevov /cal dyopdv irape^pv- 
T09 eiropevovro • erropevero Be /cal 'Apialos, rb Kvpov (3ap- 
/3apcfcov e%cov crrpdrev/xa, dfia Ttcrcracpepvei, /cal ^Opovra /cal 
^vvecrrparoTreBevero crvv etceivot^. 10. 01 Be r/ EX\r]ve<; vcfyo- 
pcovres rovrovs avrcl etf> eavrcov e^djpovv fjyejJLova? e^ovre^. 
^EcrrparorreBevovro Be e/cdarore aTre-sfovres aXXrjXcov rrapa- 
cdyyrjv /cal fielov • ecj)vXdrrovro Be d/.ccj)6repoc cotrrrep rroXe- 
fiiovs dWtfXovs, /cal ev$-v$ rovro vrrotyiav irapelyev. 11. 



LIB. II. CAP. IY. 53 

*Evlore Be Kal %v\i£6ul€vol etc rov avrov Kal yoprov Kal dXXa 
roiavra crvXXeycvre? irXrjyd? evereivov dXXrjXoL? • cocrre Kal 
tovto e%Spav irapeZjfe. 

12. AieX$6vre$ Be rpels craB/iovs afyiKovro rrpb? to Mtj- 
Bias /cakovfievov relyo?, Kal iraprjXS-ov elcrco avrov. ^Hv Be 
G>fco8ofJL7jfj,ivov ttXlv&ois oirral? ev dcrc^dXrcp Keifievats, evpo? 
eifcocn rroBtov, £Ji/ro? Be etcarov ■ iitjkos Be eXeyero elvat etKocrt 
irapacrayyoiv % direlye Se BaftvXcovo? ov rroXv. 13. 'Evrev- 
Qev S' eiropev^rjcrav erraS-fxovs Bvo rrapaadyya? o/crco ■ Kal 
Biej3r}crav 8uopv%a<; Bvo, tijv /lev irrl yefyvpas, rijv S' i^evy- 
jxevrjv ttXolols eirrd • (avrat Be rjcrav dirb rov Tiyprjros rrora- 
fjiov ■ KaTererfirjirro Be it; avrcov Kal rd$poi irrl ttjv ycopav y 
al fiev rrpcorat ft&ydXai, eireirai S' iXdrrov? ■ reXos Be teal 
pLt/cpol o-yerol, coenrep ev jy 'EXXdBo eirl rds fiekivav •) teal 
d(f)LKVOvvrat eirl tov Tiyprjra rrorafiGV ■ Trpo? & ttoXls rjv 
fieydXrj koX iroXvdvQpcDiros y ovo/ia Strafcr), direyovcra rov 
Trorajiov crraBtovs Trevre/cai&efca. 14. 01 jiev ovv "EXXrjve? 
Trap* avrijv icrKrjvcocrav iryyvs rrapaBelcrov fieydXov Kal koXov 
Kal Bacreos iravrouov BivBpcov ■ ol Be /3dp/3apoL BiafiefirjfcoTes 
tov Tiyprjra ov fievroi Karacpavel? rjcrav. 15. Merd oe to 
Belirvov enrvov ev Treptrrdrq) ovres rrpb rcov ottXcqv Upo^evos 
/cal aevocpcov ■ Kal rrpocreXQchv avS-pcorrG? t<? rjpeorrjere tov? 
7rpo(f)vXaKa<; irov dv iBot Upo^evov rj KXeapyjsv. Mevwa Be 
ov/c e&jrei, /cal ravra rrapd 'Aptaiov &u rov Mivcovos tjivov. 
16. ^Eirel Be Upogevo? elirev ort Avrb? elfii dv ^rjrels, elirev 
6 av&pcDTTO? rdBe ■ 'Eirefi'^re jxe 'Apcalos /cal 'Aprdo&s, 
tticttoI ovTes Kvpcp, Kal v/jlcv evvoi) Kal KeXevovcri fyvXaTTe- 
crS-ac pi?] v/icv hu&Snrrai tt?? vvktos ol (3dp/3apot * &rri Be 
cTTpdrev/JLa rroXi) ev tco irXrjcriov TrapaBetcq). 17. Kal rrapa 
ttjv yecfrvpav tov Tr/prjTo? TroTa/iov rrefiyfrac KeXevovcri <£i>- 
XaKr]v, &>? Biavoelrai a\)Ti)V Xvcrat Ticrcatyepvrfi tt)$ vvkto?, 
ijvirep BvvrjTat, <i? [ir) Biaftrjre, dXX' ev fiecrco aTroXrjcpS-rjre 
tov TTOTa/jiov Kal tt}? Btdpv%o<;. IS. AKovcravTes Tavra 
ayovcrcv avrbv iro.pd rov KXeapyov Kal ^pd'Cpvcriv a Xeyei. 
c O Be KXeap%o$ aKOvcras erapdySh] crcpoBpa Kal ecj)oj3elro» 



54: EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

19. NeavLcrfCos Be tl$ tcjv 7rap6vTcov evvor'jcras elrrev G09 gv/c 
dfCoXovBa eiT) to emS-i'io-eaScLi teal Xvaav ryv yecfrvpav. A?\- 
Xgv yap ore CTTLTiSefAevovs y viicav herjcet 1) yTTda&ai. 'Eav 

fieV OVV VIKCOGL, TL Bel aVTOV? XveiV T7]V yicjjVpaV / GvBk jap 

av rroXXal yec^vpac coaiv eyoiy^ev av gttgc chvyovres yfiev; 
creoQooficv. 20. 'Eav o av y peels vi/cco/iev, XeXvpLein^ <rrfi 
yecpvpa? ov% clover tv ifcelvot, gttgl (pvyeocnv ■ oiBe fiyv fioyQif- 
crai ttoXXojv ovtwv rrepav ovSel? avrol? Bwrjaerac XeXvpievvfi 
T% ye<j)vpa$. 

21. 'A/covcras Be 6 KXcap%o<; ravra ypero tgv ayyeXov 

TTGG-rj Tl? CC7] %&>pa Tj lv fJL£(J(Q TGV Tiyp7]T0$ KoX TTfi BiCOpV- 

^09. f Be elrrev ore iroXXy teal /coopac eveiGi fcal rroXets 
rroXXal /cal pceydXai. 22. Tore By /cal eyvoja^rj gtl ol (3ap- 
/3apoc tgv dv9-pco7Tov virGTvefityaiev, 6/cvovvTes puy gc r/ EXXy- 
ves Biekovtfe? ryv yitpvpav pevoiev ev rfj vycv, epvfiaTa 
ej(0VTe<; evS-ev fiev tgv Ttypyra, evS-ev Be tt)v Biwpv^a • tcl o 
eiriTTjBeia ej(oiev i/c Tvfi ev puecrcp jgebpas rroXXys /cal dyaS-ys 
ovg-7]<$ heal Tcbv epyacrojjuevoiv evovTcov ■ etTa Be /cal drroGTpocpr) 
yevoLTG, el tl$ jBqvXqlto (BacriXea /ca/ccos rrotelv. 23. Merd 
TavTa dverravovTO • errl fievTot ttjv yecpvpav o/^go? (pvXa/crjv 
errefx^rav. Kal ovre erreQeTO ovBels ovBafioSev oi/re rrpbs tt)v 
ye<pvpav ovBel? yX$e tcov TroXepLLcov, &>9 ol (jivXaTTOVTe? drryy- 
yeXXov. 24. 'ErreiBy Be ea)9 eyeveTo, Bieftatvov tt)v yefyvpav, 
e^evyfievrjv 77X0101$ TptdicovTa fcal eirTcc, 0)9 olov Te /jlclXlo-to, 
7re<fcvXayfJLevco<z • etjyyyeXXov yap Ttves tcov irapa Ttcrcracjyep- 
vovs c EXXi]vcov C09 Bca/SatvcvTcov pieXXotev iTTtS-rjcreaBac. 
'AXXa TavTa [xev tyevBi) rjv ■ Bta/3aiv6vTO)V fievTot 6 TXovs 
avTols iiretpavr] pueT aXXcov <7fco7rcbv el Bca/3alvoiev tgv tto- 
Tapbov • eirel Be elSev, oi)/€TO aireXavvwv. 

25. 'Atto Be tgv TtyprjTO^ eTropevS-Ticrav GrTaS-fiovs T€TTa- 
pa9 Trapacrdyyas eUoaiv eirl tgv &vcrfcov iroTajiov, to evpo? 
irXe&pov €7rrjV Be yecfrvpa. Kal ivTavS-a cpicelTO itgXls pce- 
ydXrj, y ovofia ^fLirts ' Trpbs rjv dirrpjTyae Tot9 f EXXrjacv 
Kvpov fcal 'ApTa£ep%ov vc&os dBeX<j)6$, dirb Sgvccov /cal 
'EtcfiaTavcov GTpaTiav 7roXXrjv aycov <i9 /SorjS-yaoov ftaaiXel* 



LIB. II. CAP. V. 55 

kclL liricrTVica^ to eavrov a-pd-ey/ia Trapep-^o/iivov^ tov$ 
"EXXrjva? IS-e&pei. 26. c Be EXeapjp^ ?jyelro puev eh Svo, 
iiropevero Se ctXXoTe teal aXXore ejnardjjievo^. "Ocrov S' [_av] 
ypovcv to yyovLLSVov tov CTpaTeviiaTO^ eTrccTTrjcreLe, toctovtov 
7;v dvdy/CJj xpevov Sc 6\ov tov aTpaTevucLTO? yiyvecrSai ti]v 
eirlaTaiiv ' cocrTe to GTpuTevpLa KoX avToh Toh "EXXrjari, 
ho^ai TrdarroXv elvai real tov Uepayv eicireirXrj'x^av Qecopovv- 
Ta. 27. 'EvTevS-ev Be eTropevSrjcrav Bed T?fi MyBla? gtcl- 
fyuQu? iprjfiov? eg Trapaadyyas TptdicovTa eh t&9 HapvadTi- 
03? fccoaa? 7% Kvpov teal /3a<7£\eco? [±rjTp6s. Tclvtcis Ticrcra- 
<j)Epvrfi Kvprp hreyyek&v Biapirdcrai Toh "EXXtjctiv iirerpetye 
itXtjv dvSpaTTOQcov. 'Evijv Be glto? ttoA-u? teal TrpoftaTa /cat 
ctkXa j^p/jjicLTa. 28. 'EvTevS-sv S' e7ropevS-r]aav <7tclS-jxov$ 
ep/jfAov? T€TTapa$ Trapaadyya? elxocri tov TiyprjTa TTOTa-fiov 
ev dpiCTTepcl ey^ovTes. Ev Be rco TrpcoTtp CTa3-pL(p irepav tov 

TTOTCLULOV TTcXi? (p/CELTO fieydXy KaX evBalpLCDV OVOfia KcLiVCLL, 

e£ ?;? ol (Bdpfiapou BiPp/ov eirl a^eSicu^ SccfjQeplvaw dpTovs, 
Tvpovs, olvov. 

CAP. V. 

Mera rdXrra dxfziKVOvvTCU eirl tov Zdfiarov TroTdfiov, to 
evpos TeTTupcov TrXeS-pcov. Kal ivTavSa e/iecvav rjfiepa^ 
Tpeh. 'Ev Be tclvtciis vttoylcil fiev rjcrav, cj^avepd 8' ovSe- 
pLta icpaiveTO eirifiovXy. 2. "ESo^ev ovv tQ> KXedpyco crvy- 
yevead-ao tc3 Tiacrafyepvei teal, el tt&)9 BvvaiTO, Travcrac ra? 
vTro-^fla^, Trplv e% auTcov TroXejiov yevea^ai* teal eirefi^re Tiva 
epovvTa OTi crvyyevicrS-ac avT(p yjprfeoi. c Be eToi/JLQ)? ifce- 
Xevcrev ijxeLv. 3. 'EireiB)) Be avvrfK^ov, Xeyec 6 K\eap%Q$ 
tuBz - 'Eyu) } & Tio-cra<pepV7]j oWa \Av y/icv optcov? yeyevrjfii- 
vov$ teal Be^Las Bedo/ieva? fir) dStfcijcreLV dWrjXov^ 9 <fiv\aTTo- 
pievov Be ai T6 opcj co? 7ro\€fiiov? ftfLas; ■ /col ?//xet? op&vTes 
TavTa dvTt(f)vXaTTCf.ie^a. -i. 'Eirel Be crtcoTcov ovBev Bvva- 
fiai ovre <re alcrQicrS-ai, Treipco/jLevov 7/yUa? fca/ccos TTGcelv, iyS 
Te Ga(p£)$ olda ore rj/xeh ye ov8* eTrcvoov/JLev toiovtqv ovBev, 



56 EXPEDITIO CYKI. 

eBo%e fioi eh \070u9 gol i\Qetv, ottcd? el BvvalfieQa i^eXotfiev 
dWrjXcov rr)v diriGriav. 5. Kal yap olBa r)Br) avSpdoirovs, 
tovs fiev etc BiafioXrjSy rov$ Be Kal e% vrro-tylas, ol (poftrj&ivre? 
aWtfXovs, <£>$d(TaL /3ov\6fievoL irplv rra&elv, eirolrjaav avrjtce- 
crra fca/ca tov$ ovre fieXXovra^ ovr av ftovXofievov? roiovrov 
ovBev. 6. T#9 ovv roiavras dyvcofiOGVva? vofii^cov gvvovgl- 
clls fiakiGra av iraveG&ai, tjkco Kal BiBaGKeiv ae /SovXofiai 
o>9 gv rjfilv ovk 6p$co$ dirtGreh. 7. Upcorov fiev yap koI 
fieyLCTTOv, ol Qecov opKoi rjfias kcdXvovgl iro\efiiov$ eivai ahr 
XrjXots • QGTis Be rovrcov GVVOtBev avrcp TrapTifzeXTj/ceoSy rov- 
rov €70) oviror av evSai/iovLGatfiu Tbv yap &eoi)v irokefiov 
ovk olBa ovr airb rrolov av rd%ov$ (frevycov tls dirofyvyoi, 
ovr eh rrolov av GKoros diroBpair], ov& ottcos av eh e%ypbv 
^coplov drroGraiT). UdvTT] yap rrdvra roh $eoh viro^a Kal 
rravrayr) rrdvrcov Xgov ol &eol KparovGt. 8. Uepl fiev Br] rwv 
&ecov re Kal rcov opKcov ovrco yiyvcoGKco, Trap" oh rjfieh rr)v 
(f>i\tav avv&ejjbevQL Kare&efieQa • rcov Be dv&pcoirlvcov ae 
eycoye iv rco rrapbvri vofii^co fieyiGrov eivat rjfilv dyaBov, 
9. %vv fiev yap crcl rraaa fiev rjfilv 0S09 elrropos, ira$ Be tto- 
rafib<; BcafiarGS, rcov S' eTrirrjBetcov ov/c drropla • dvev Be gov 
ircLGa fiev Bid g/cotovs 7) 0S69 " ovBev yap avrrjs eiriGrdfie^a 
iras Be irorafibs BvGiropos, 7ra9 S' 0^X09 cpo/Sepo? ' (pofiepcb- 
rarov S' eprj/nta* fieGrr) yap TroWrj? diropias eariv. 10. El 
Be Br) /cal fiavevres Ge KaraKrelvaifiev, aXko rt av r) rbv ev- 
epyerryv /cara/CTeivavTes rrpbs ftaGtXea rbv pbeytGrov efyeBpov 
dycovc^oifieSa ; "Ogcov Be Br) Kal olcov civ eXirlBcov ifiavrbv 
GreprjGaipLLy el Ge tl KaKov eiriyeipiqGaiixi irouelv, ravra Xe^co. 
11. 'Eycb yap Kvpov eire^tvpbriGd puoi <pl\ov yeveG&ac, vo/jll- 
%g)V T(hv rore iKavc&rarov elvat ev iroielv bv /3ov\olto. %e Be 
vvv opco tt]V re Kvpov Bvva/uv Kal ^copav e%ovra koi rr)v 
Geavrov dpyr]v Gco^ovra, rr)v Be /3aGL\eeo<; Bvvafitv, fj Kvpos 
irdXepbia e%prjTO, goI ravrTjv Gv/ifia^ov ovGav. 12. Tovrcov 
Be tolovtcov gvtcdv, Ti9 ovrco jjbaiverai 6gtl<$ ov /3ov\erai goI 
(pi\o$ elvai ; 'AWa /jltJv, (ipco yap Kal ravra i% &v e%ca 
iXrrlBas Kal Ge /3ov\?]GeG$ai <fii\ov tj/jllv elvav) 13. olBa 



LIB. II. CAP. V. 57 

fjcev yap vficv Mvcrovs Xvirrjpovs ovTas, ovs vofil^co dv crvv rrj 
irapovcrrj Bvvdfiec Tairecvovs vjmcv irapacryecv ocBa Be /ecu 
IleccrtBas • d/covco Be fcal aXka e&vr) iroXkd rotavra elvac, a 
oljiac dv iravcrac evoyl^ovvTa del ttj vfierepa evBatfiovta. 
Alyv7TTtovs Be, ocs pbdXccrTa v/jL&s vvv ycyvoocr/cco TeSv/ico/jce- 
vovs, ov% opco, Troiq Bwa/iec avfjc fiasco yjpr s craLievoc fidXKov 
av fCoXdcrecrQe ttjs vvv gvv ifiol 01)0-77?. 14. 'A\\d \xv t v ev ye 
tocs irepc% oiKQvai av, el fiev (3ov\oco tco gjlXos elvac, cos fie- 
y lottos av eirjs, el Be tls ere Xviroirj, cos BeairoTTjs dvacrTpe- 
cfioLO e^cov ^fids V7r7]peTas 3 0% croc ovrc av tov fxecr^ov eve/ca 
fjiovov virrfpeToljiev, dXkd teal t?]s ydpiTos r\v trcoQevTes virb 
crov crol av eyoiiiev Bc/eacas. 15. 'E/jloI /xev Brj TavTa irdvTa 
iv&vfjLovfjLevop ovtco Bofcel Bav/xacrTov elvac to ere rj/xcv dire- 
CTelv ojcTTe teal fjBccrT av dfcovcrac/xc Tovvo/xa tls ecrTCV ovtco 
Betvos Xeyetv cocrre ere irelcrac Xeycov cos rj/xecs croc eirc^ovkev- 
ojxev. KXeap^os fiev ovv TocravTa elwe* Ttcrcracpepvris Be 
coBe dirrjixei^r) • 

16. 'AX\? ijSofiac fi£v, & KXeapye, d/covcov crov eppovt/xovs 
Xoyovs ' ravTa yap ycyvoocrKoov el tc e/xol /catcbv /3ovXevois, 
a/xa av /xoc Bo/cecs fcal cravTco /cafcovovs elvac* *£ls $ av fxd- 
Qys otc ovB' av vfiecs Bcfcaccos ovt6 /3acrcXec ovt e/xol dirccrToi- 
rjTe, dvTafeovcrov. 17. El yap v/xas eftovXofieQa diroXecrac, 
iTQTepd croc Botcov/xev lirTrecov irXifoovs diropelv 1) ire^cov ?} 
OTrXicrecos, ev y vjxds jxev (SXdirTecv iteavol eLrj/xev av, avTCird- 
cryecv Be ovBels klvBvvos ; 18. 'AXXa %cop{cov eircTrjBeicov 
v/xcv eiTLTL&ecr&ac diropelv av croc Bo/covfiev ; Ov TocravTa 
/xev TreBla rj/xcv cbiXca ovTa crvv iroWa) ttgvco BcairopevecrSe, 
TocravTa Be oprj v/jlcv opctTe ovTa iropevTea, a rjfilv e^ecrTc 
7rpofcaTa\af3ovcrcv diropa v/xcv irapeyeiv ; toctovtoc Be elerc 
TTOTa/xol, i<f> wv e^ecrTCV rj/icv Taficevecr&ac oirGcrocs dv v/jlcov 
fiovkcbfieQa fid^ecrBac ; Elcri S* avTcov ovs ovS* dv nravTa- 
iracrc Bca/3ai7]Te, el lit) rj/jLels v/xds BcaTropevociiev. 19. El Be 
ev Traerc tovtgcs rjTTCfLieS-a, dWd to ye toc irvp tov /capTrov \ 
/cpecTTov ecrTcv • bv rjfiels Bwai/xeS* dv KaTafcavcravTes Xc/xov 
v/jlcv dvTCTa^ac, & v/iecs ovd* el Trdvv dyaSol elrjTe Lid^ecr&ac 



58 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

av Svvcucr&e. 20. ITco? av ovv e^ovTe? toctovtovs wopov? 
7rpo9 to v/jllv TroXe/jielv, Kal tovtcov fiTjSiva tj/jllv eiriKivSwov, 
eireira i/c tovtcdv irdvTCDV tovtov av tov Tpcmov i^eXol/ieSa 
o? /llovo$ fJiev 7rpo? Qe&v daefi/js, [jlqvos Se irpbs dv&pcDTrcDv 
alcrxpo? ; 21. UavTaTracri Be dirbpcDV earl Kal d/jbrj-^dveov 
Kal dvdyKrj e^ojievcDV, /cat tovtcdv 7rovrjpcbv } o'lTive? eS-iXovac 
Si eiriopiclas re 7rpo? $eou9 Kal dirto-Tca? 7rpo? dvQpcbirovs 
TrpaTTeiv tc. Ouv ovtcd? rjfJieZs, co KXeap^e, ovt€ rjXl&ioi 
ovt€ dXoyiGToi ecrfxev. 22. 'AXXd ti S?) v/jia$ e%bv diroXecrai 
ov/c eiTi tovto rj\#o/JL€v ; HjV lgSl oti o 6/^09 epca? tovtov 
acTios tov tol? r/ EXk7]criv e/jie ttlgtov yevscr&ai teal co Kvpos 
dvifirj %evL?C(p Sia /.LiaQoSocrias iricrTevcov, tovtcd e/Jie KaTa(3i}~ 
vac Si evepyecrtas lo-^vpov. 23. (r Oaa Se jjlol u/xet? %prj<7ifjioi 
ecrecrQe, tcl fiev teal av elires, to Se pbeyiaTov eyco oloa ■ ttjv 
[lev yap eirl ttj Ke^aXfj Ttdpav (3aoriXei piovcp e^ecrTtv opS-rjv 
e%eiv } Tip S' eirl ttj tcapSia i&cds av v/icov irapovTCDV teal ere- 
po9 eu7T6Ta)? e%oi. 

2-1. TavTa elircov eSo^e tcq KXedp^co dXrj&F] Xeyeiv, /col 
elirev • Oukovv, ecf)?], o r LTive$ tolovtcdv fj/jiiv eh cpiXiav virap- 
yovTCDV ireipcovrai SiajodXXovTe? Troifjcrai TroXe/jiiovs rjixa^y 
ci^ioi elcri tcl ecryaTa nra^elv ; 25. Kal eyco piev ye ecprj 6 
TiGcrafyepvir}^, el /3ovXea^e jjlol o% tc GTpaTTjyol /cal oi Xo%a- 
yol eX^eiv ev tco i/icpavei, Xe^co tou9 7rpo9 ifie XeyovTas a>9 crv 
eirijBovXeveis e/ioi Te Kal ttj crvv ifiol aTpaTta. 26. 'Eyco 
S\ e(j)7] 6 KXeapj^os, a%co irdvTas* /cal crol av SrjXdocrco o^ev 
eyco irepl gov d/covco. 27. 'Etc tovtcdv St) tcov Xoycov 6 Ttcr- 
aa<j)€pV7]<z (f)tXocj)povovijLevo5 TOTe jiev fievetv Te avTov i/ceXevcre 
Kal avvSeiTTVGV eTTQirjcraTo • ttj K vaTepaia KXeap%o<; s eX§ cov 
eirl to GTpaTOTreSov, Sr)Xo$ Te rjv nrdvv <J)lXlkco<z olcfievos Sia- 
Keltj^av T(p TLcr&afyepvei, Kal a eXeyev eKelvos aTrrjyyeXXev • 
ecj)7] Te ^prjvai ievai irapa TiGGa$epvr\v ov? eKeXevae, Kal ot 
av e^eXey^BcoGt SiafidXXovTes t&v c EXXrjvcov, a>9 7T/?oS6ra9 
avToi)$ Kal KaKovov? T069 "EXXtjctiv ovras TijJLcoprfirjvai. 28. 
T7rd)7rTev€ Se elvai tov StaftdXXovTa Mevcova, et'Sft)9 avTov 
Kal Gvyyevevrjfiivov Tiavafyepvei fieTa ^Apiaiov Kal GTacn '- 



LIB. II. CAP. Y. 59 

Zpvra avroj teal iirt/BovXevovra, ottcos to arpdrevpia arrav 
rrpbs eavrbv Xaficov <pi\os fj Tiaaaxpipve-i. 29. 'E/3ov\ero he 
teal 6 KXeapyos dirav to arpdrevpia 7rpb$ eavrbv eyeiv rr\v 
yvcojjirjv teal robs TrapaXvTrovvras e/errohcov eivai. Tojv he 
arparccorcbv dvreXeybv rives avroj /jltj ikvai rravras robs Xoya- 
yovs teal arparrjyov^j pLrjhe iriareveLV Tiaaacj^epvec. 30. 'O 
he KXeapyos l&yvpoos tearkreivev, care hieirpd^aro rrevre peev 
GTparrjyovs levai, eueocrt he Xo^ayovs " crvvrj/coXov^rjcrav he o>? 
ek dyopdv teal rebv dXXeov arpaTuorobv cos hiateoo-ioi, 

31. ''Errel S' rjaav eirl rait ^vpais rats Tcacracfcepvovs, oi 
fiev arparrjyol irapeicXifbriaav elao), Upo^evos Bocwtcos, Mi- 
vcov OerraXos^ 'Ay 'las 'Apteds, KXeapyos Adteoov, Sco/epdrijs 
'Ayacos* oi he Xoyjayol errl rats ^vpats epuevov. 32. Ob 
7ToXXrp h varepov drro rov aurov or\ueiov oi re evhov cvve- 
Xap,(3dvovro teal oi efco fcarefcoTrrjaav. Merd he ravra rebv 
/3ap(3dpcov rcves iirirecDV, hid tgv Trehtov eXavvovres, oprtvi 
evrvyydvoiev a EXXv t vi ?} hovXa) rj eXev^epop, rrdvras eteretvov. 
33. Oi he r/ EX\7]ves ri]v re imrao-lav avrcbv e^avfAa^ov, etc 
rov arparoirehov opoovres, teal 6 re eirolovv rjjuxjzcyvoovv, rrplv 
Nt/capyos 'Apteds rjtee epevycov, Terpen fievos eh rrjv ya&repa 
teal rd evrepa ev rats yepalv eycov, teal elrre Trdvra rd yeyevrj- 
fieva. 31. \E/c rovrov hi] oi f/ EXXrjves k^eov eirl rd brrXa 
nrdvres eteTreirXrjypbevob teal vopui^ovres abritea y^eiv avrovs em, 
rb GrparoTrehov. 35. Oi he rravres fiev ovtc rjX^tov, 'Aptalos he 
teal Aprdo'Cps teal Mc^bpihdrrjSy oc r/aav Kvpco maToraroi' 6 
he rebv r ExX)]vo)v epfivpevs ecpy teal rbv Tiacracfrepvovs dheX- 
ej>bv <rvv avrots 6 pap teal yiyvooateeiv % avvr/KoXov^ovv he teal 
dXXoc Hepacbv re^copaKca/Jievoc els rpiaKoaiovs* 36. Ovrou 
irrtl iyyv$ 7]&av : rrpoaeX^elv eteeXevov el res etr] r&v ExXtf- 
veev rj arparrfybs fj Xoyayos* JW dirayyeiXcocn rd rrapd fiaac- 
Xea)?. 37. Merd ravra i^r/X^ov cpvXarrofMei'Ot rcov c EXXi]- 
vcov arparriyol filv KXedvcop "Opy/opLevto? teal SoSaivero? 
Srvfi^dXios, gvv avrols he zievotfiojv ' A^rjvaios, orrcos fia^ou 
rd irepl Tlpo^evov ' Xeipiao<pos S* ervyyavev dirwv Iv kcojjlj] 
rtvl o~vv aXXois imcnTi£6tievos* 38» \E7rd S' earT]aav els 



60 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

iTrrj/coov, elirev 'Apiaios rdhe* KXeapyo? fjbiv, w avhpes f/ jE\- 

\7]V6S, 67766 ilTLOpKOOV T£ i(f)dv7) Kal TCL? G7T0vhd<$ XllCDV, €%€(, 

rrjv hUrjv Kal T6^v7]fce. IIp6^evo<; he Kal Mevcov, OTt, KCLTrjy- 
yeiXav avrov rr)v e7ri{3ovXr)v, ev fieydXr) rijafj elacv ■ u/xa? he 
/SacnXeu? rd oirXa divairel* eavrov yap elvai cf>7]criv, eTreiirep 
Kvpov rjarav rov ifcewov hovXov. 

39. JTpo? ravra drreKplvavro ol "EXXrjves, (eXeye he KXed- 
vcop 6 *Op)£OjjLivLO<;) ■ £2 KaKicrre dv^> pd)7rci)v, 'Apiace, teal ol 
dXXot odoi r\re Kvpov (^iXoij ovtc alcryyvea^e ovre §eov<; ovre 
dv^pdnrovs* oiTCve? ofiocravres rj/mtv tovs clvtovs <f)tXov<z Kal 
i)ftpov<; vofJbielV) irpohovre? r)pLa<$ crvv Tcaaacpepvec tc5 d^eco- 
rdrco re Kal 7ravovpyordrcp rovs re avhpa? avroi)$ oh cofivvre 
a>? aTToXcoXeKare Kal tov<z aXXovs rjfia^ irpohehtoKores crvv roh 
7roXefjLioi<; icj) ^a? epyea^e ; 40. f O he 'Apialos elire • 
KXeapxps yap Trpoa^ev e7ri/3ovXevcov (fiavepb? iyevero Ttcraa- 
(fxzpvec re Kal 'Opovra Kal rrdacv tj/jllv roh avv tovtols. 41. 
'Errl tovtols he 'Bevocfrwv rdhe elire • KXeapyps fiev roivvv, el 
irapd rov$ opKovs eXve rds crirovhds, rrjv hUrjv eyei • hUaiov 
yap diroXXva^ai tovs iiriopKOvvra<; • Ilpo^evos he Kal Mevcov 
iireiirep elalv v/ierepoc puev evepyerai, r)fierepoi he arparrjyot, 
irefJL'tyare avrovs hevpo • hr/Xov yap ore <filXoi ye ovre<z d/ji(po- 
repot? rretpdaovrai Kal vpfiv Kal rj/xlv ra fieXriara GVjxftov- 
Xevetv. Upbs ravra ol /3dp/3apoc iroXvv y^povov hiaXe^evre^ 
dXXijXots dirfjX^ov ovhev diroKptvapbevot. 



CAP. VI. 

1. Ol puev hr] arparrjyol ovrco Xrjcfy^evre? dvij^Tjcrav a>? 
fiacriXea, Kal diroriiTf^evre^ rd$ KecpaXd? ireXevrrjaav • eh 
pbev avrcov KXeapyos ofioXoyov/JLevcos eK irdvrcov rwv ifLirei- 
joco? avrov eypvriov h6£a$ yevecfeai dvrjp Kal iroXepuKos Kal 
(f>LXo7r6Xe/jLos eaydrco^. 2. Kal yap hr) &>? p>ev TroXe/Aos rjv 
roh AaKehaifJioviois 7rpo? rov$ 'A^rjvaiovs irapefietvev * eirel 
8* elprjvr) iyevero, ireiaras rrjv avrov iroXiv a>9 ol QpaKe? dht- 



LIB. II. CAP. VI. 61 

kovgl tovs f, EXXrjvas Kal Sca7rpa^d/xevos co? iSvvaro irapa 
tcov 'Ecfcopoov i^eirXeu &)? TroXejirjaoDV tols virep Xeppov/jaov 
Kal JJeipiv^ov OpaPlv. 3. 'Eirel Se fteTayvovres ttcos ol 
y, E(j>opoc rjBrj e^co ovtos clvtov diroaTpecpeiv avrov irrecpcbvro 
if* 'Icr^ffxov, ivraifea ov/cert rrefoerai) dXX J oj^ero TrXtw efc 

' EX\lja7T0VT0V. 4. 'E/6 TOVTOV KCLL i^aVCLTGO&T] V7T0 TCOV iv 

rfj %7rdpTr) reXcov oh$ drrefeoov. "HSrj Be <f>vya$ cov epyerai 

TTpOS KdpOV, KOb 07T0L0LS fl€V XoyOiS 67T6t,(T6 KdpOV dXXrj yi- 

ypairrat ' SiScaari $* avrao Kvpos pbvpiovs BapetKovs ' 5. 6 Be 
Xaftcov, ov/c eirl pa^vpilav irpdrrero, a\\' drrb rovrcov tcov 
XpTjfAaToov avXXe^as arpdrevfia irroXepLeL rocs Opa^t* Kal 
fid^rj re ivUrjcre Kal drrb tovtov Btj ecpepe Kal rjyev avrovs ■ 
Kal rroXefxcov Bteyevero^ p^ey^pi Kvpos iSerj^rj tov o-rparevpLa- 
ros ■ rore B 1 drrrjX^ev co? crvv iKeivcp av rroXepujaoov. 

6. Tavra ovv fyiXorroXepLov fiou BoKel dvBpbs epya elvai, 
bares, i%bv fxev elprjvrjv dyecv dvev ala^vvrjs Kal ftXdftrjs, 
alpelrai nroXepbelv • i^bv Be pcfevfielv, /SovXerac irovelv ware 
iroXefieiv ■ ifjbv Be ^pijjiara eyeiv aKLvBvvcos, alpelrau rroXe- 
fxcov pueiova ravra rrotelv. 'Eicelvo? Be oocrrrep els TraiBiKa rj 
els aXXrjv Tivd rjBovijv rfieXe Barravav els 7roXe/iov. Ovrco 
fiev (friXoTToXe/jLos rjv. 7. FLoXepLLKOs Be av ravrrj iSoKec elvai 
otl QbtXoKtvBvvos Te rjv, Kal ijpuepas Kal vvktos ctycov eni rovs 
7To\e/x/ou? } Kal iv rocs Betvols (ppovtpios, cos ol rrapbvres rravra- 
yov rrdvres objuLoXoyow. 8. Kal dp^cKos Se iXeyero elvac oog 
Svvarbv iic tov tolovtov Tpoirov olov Kal iKelvos sl^ev. r lKa- 
vbs pLev yap &s tls Kal aXXos fypovTi'Qziv rjv oVa)? e^eu ?) GTpa- 
Tid avrov tcl iTTiTifieca Kal irapacrKevd^eiv Tavra * iKavbs Se 
Kal ipoTOirjaai toIs Trapovorcv a>? rreiGTeov elrj KXedp^op. 9. 
Tovro §' iiroLSL €/c tov vaX€7ro? ehai. Kal yap bpav arvyvos 
rjv Kal Trj cfocovfj Tpa^ys * iKoXa^e Te del tV^upco?, Kal opyfj 
ivioTe, coare Kal avToj /jbeTa/ieXeiv eo~*3 ore. Kal yveb/jbrj Se 
eKoXa^ev • aKoXdarov yap GTpaTevpLaTos oiSev rjyecro ofeXos 
elvat. 10. 'AXXd Kal Xiyecv avrov e<paaav 6)s Seoo tov cTpa- 
tlcot7]v 6o/3ela^ac fiaXXov tov dpyovra rj tovs rroXefjuiovs^ el 
fieXXot i) cjbuXa/ca? (j>vXdf;eLV rj (J)lXojv dtyefjea^at i) aTrpofyaa-i- 



62 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

crrco? levac rrpbs roy? iroXepblov?. 11. \Ez; puev ovv roc? Bee- 
vcl-; y^eXuv avrov afcovecv acpoBpa teal outc dXXov ypovvro ol 
arparccorac. Kal yap rb crrvyvbv rbre cpaidpbv avrov ev rot? 
rrpocrcbiTOi? ecpa^av cpalvea^at Kal rb ^aXeirbv eppcopcevov 

7Ty90? TOV? 7T0\e/JLLOV\ i86/C£L eivCLl * &CTT6 CTCOTrjpLOV KCLL OVfC6TC 

j^aXeirbv ecpacvero, 12. 'Ore o° e^co rod Becvov yevotvro Kal 
e^eti) rrpbs dXXov? dpyop^evov? drrtevaL, rroXXol avrov arreXei- 
rrov • rb yap errlyapi ovfc ei^ev, dXXd del ^dXerrb? r)v Kai 
cofio? • cocrre Siifcetvro rrpb? avrov ol crrpancbrai coairep rral- 
Be? rrpbs SiSdo-K-aXov. 13. Kal yap ovv cptXca jmev Kal evvoia 
errop^evov? ovBiiror el)/ev • oirtves Be r) virb rroXeco? reraypue- 
voi f] virb rod Bela^air) aXXy rivl avdy/cy Kareyoi±evoi irapei- 
rjcrav avrco, ccfioBpa 7refeopLe'voL<; e^p^ro. 14. ^EireiBi] he Kal 
Vjp^avTQ VLKav crvv avrco rov? rrdXepbiovs, rjhrj fieydXa rjv rd 
XprjCTLjjLOVS TTOtovvra elvac robs crvv avrco crrparccora? rb re 
yap rrpb? rov? rroXepbiovs ^appaXeco? eyeiv rraprjv Kal rb ri]V 
Trap* eKeivov npicopiav cpo/3elcr^ao avrov? evrd/crov? eiroleL. 
15. Totovros ptev or] dpycov r)v dp^ea^ai 8" vrrb dXXcov ov 
pidXa i^eXeiv eXeyero. ^Hv Be, ore ereXevra, dptcpl rd irevri]- 
Kovra err], 

16. Upo^evo? Be 6 Botcorto? ev^v? puev fieipaKiov cov eVe- 
^vfiec yeveofeat dvrjp rd fxeydXa rrpdrreiv Ifcavos* Kal Bed 
ravrrjv ttjv eirfevpuiav eScoKe Topyiq dpyvpiov rco Aeovrtvco. 
17. 'Eirel Be avveyivero ifcetvco, ucavb? vopbicra? ijSr] elvac Kal 
dp-)(eiv Kal cpiXo? cov rot? rrpebrots p.?) r)rrdcr^ac evepyercov, 
rjXbev 66? ravra? rds crvv Kvpco rr payees' Kal coero Krqaea^au 
eK rovrcov Gvofia fjieya Kal Bvvapbtv pLeyaXtjv Kal xpi]p,ara 
rroXXd. 18. Tocrovrcov 8" e7r£bvp,cbv acf>bSoa evBr/Xov av Kal 
rovro elyev on rovrcav ovBev civ ^eXo/, Krda^ai p.erd dcLKLas, 
dXXd crvv rep BiKaitp Kal KaXQ> tpero Belv rovrcov rvyydvecv, 
dvev Be rovrcov fir], 19. 5 ' Apyeiv Be KaXcbv [xev Kal dya^cov 
Bvvarbs rjv • ov p^evroi ovr alSco rot? arparicbrai? eavrov 
ovre ipbfiov iKavb? epaTOi^craL, dXXd Kal rjcr^vvero pidXXov 
rov? crrparicbra? r) ol dpyo]ievoi eKeivov * Kal tpof3ovp,evo$ 
fidXXov r)v fyavepb? rb d7re^dvea^iaL roc? arparicbrai? i) ol 



LIB. II. CAP. VI. 



63 



arparicbraL to aTTicTTelv i/cecvcp. 20. "flcero he dpKelv 7tdo? 
to apyjutcov elvau Kal hoKelv tov fiev koXcqs ttolovvtcl errawelv^ 
tov he dhitcovvTa /jl7] eiraivelv, Tocyapovv clvtcq ol [xev KaXoi 
T€ /caycfeol tgov gvvovtcdv evvoi rjaav, ol S' dhiKoc e7re/3ov- 
Xevov ci? evfieTayeipiaTcp ovtl. r/ OTe he aire^vrja/cev, r)v 
£tcov a>? TptdfcovTa. 

21. Mevcov he 6 OeTTaXbs hr)Xo$ r)v eirfavfiwv p.ev ttXgv- 
Telv laxypcos, eirfevpL&v he dpyeiv^ ottccs irXeico Xa/^fidvot • 
iirL^v/jLoov he Ttpida^ac, iva irXelco Kephaivof <piXo$ t £/3ov- 
XeTO elvac tqI? pLe'yco~Ta hvvapLevocs, Iva dhiKcov per) hcholr] 
hiKrjv. 22. \EttI he to fcaTepyd%€G^ai &v eTTt^vpLolr] gvvtg- 

pLCDTUTVV (p£TO 6S0V elvCLL hid TOV €TTlOpfCelv T6 fCCtl ^euSecrBcU 

kcli e^ciiTaTav to he dirXovv Kal to aXrfhes evopa^e to clvto 
Tcp r)Xfei(p elvau 23. ^Tepycov he cfcavepbs pcev r)v ovdeva, 
OT(p he (pair] <j)iXo<; elvac, tovtco evhrfkos eylyveTO einfiov- 
Xevcov. Kal iroXepiiov p.ev ovhevbs KaTeyeXa. tcov he cvvov- 
tcov TrdvToav co? KarayeX&v del hieXeyeTO. 2-±. Kal toZ$ fiev 
tcov 7rcXepLL0)v ktij/jlclctlv ovk irrefiovXeve ■ yaXeirbv yap cceTO 
elvai Ta tcov cfivXaTTOpuevcov Xapt^dveiv ■ tcl he tQ>v <^lXcov pi6- 
j/o? coeTO elhevat paaTov ov dcjivXafCTa XapL$dvetv. 25. Kal 
oaov? puev ala^dvciTO eTriopKovs Kal dhiKovs. a>9 6u (birXccrpii- 
vovs icj)o/3elTO ■ rot? 8' haloes Kal dXifieiav dcrKovcriv d>$ dvdv- 
hpots eiretpaTO ypi)a^ac. 26. "flcnrep he rt? dydXXeTac eirl 
^eoce/3ela Kal dX^eta Kal hiKaL0T7]Tt, ovtco Me'vcov rjydXXeTO 
tc3 e^airaTclv hvvaa^ai, tco irXdaaa^sau *^revhrj f tg5 ^t'Xou? 
hcayeXav tov he per) iravovpyov tcov diraihevTCDV del evopLiCpv 
elvai, Kal trap oU p>ev eireyeipei 7rpcoTevecv <piX'ta^ htaftdX- 
Xcov tov? TTpcoTovSy tovtov? oieTO helv KTi]?acr^aL. 27. To he 
7re£bopievov<> tov$ aTpaTccoTas Trapeyea^ai £k tov Gwahacelv 
avTGt? epbrj-yavaTo. Tt/nda^ac he Kal ^eparrevecr^aL rfeiov 
emheiKvvpuevo? otl nrXelcrTa hvvaiTO Kal e^eXot dv dhaceiv. 
Eiepyeaiav he KaTeXeyev, biroTe Ti? avTov acptaTatTO, otl 
ypoofjievos avTOJ ovk a7rcoXeaev avTov. 28. Kal Ta p.ev hi] 
dcf)avr] e^eaTL Trepl avTov i}r€vhecr^aL ' a he 7rdvTe<; i'aaat, Tah 
iaru Tlapd 'ApiaTiTTTrqj piev hi oopalos &v o~TpaTr\yelv hie- 



64 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

irpd^aro twp gepcop • 'Apiaicp he fiapftdpcp opti, ore pecpa/ci- 
ols kclXols tfSero, ol/ceLOTaros ere (bpalos wp iyepero * ai/ro? Se 
iracSifca elye Qapvirav^ dyepecos cop yepeewpra* 29. * Attq- 
^ptjct/coptcop Be tcop avarparrjycoPy ore icrrpdrevaap iirl fiacri- 
Xea avv Kvp(pj ravra nreiroiriKcos ovk dire^ape • pcerd Se top 
tcop aXXcop ^dvarov arparriyoyV) TijbLcoprj^eh V7rb fiaaiXecDS 
aire^avev, ov% coairep KXeap%o<; Kal oi aXXoi crrpaTrjyol 
a7roT{i7)^ivT€s ra? Arecj&aXa?, oenrep TayiGTOS ^avaros So/cel 
elvcu, dXXd t^v aiKio^el? eptavrbp a>? Tropqpb? Xeyerat rrj<z 
reXevrrjs Tvy/iv. 

30. *AyLas Be 6 \4p/ca? teal XcoKparrj^ 6 'A%aib<; Kal toutco 
aTre^aveTTjp. Tovtcop Be ovBeU ov^ a>? ip iroXefxco featewp 
KareyeXa ovr e\ (fiiXlap clvtovs ifMefMcpero • tfarrjp re afxcpco 
d/jL(j)l rerrapafcopra err] utto yepeas. 



LIB. III. CAP. I. 65 



EENO^ONTOS 
KTPOT ANABAZEflZ T. 



CAP. I. 

1. f/ OHA piev hi) ev ttj dvafidaec rfj fiera Kvpov ol ''EX- 
Xijves eirpa^av p-e^pi T7 ^ ? A^X 7 ??; KCLL Gaa €7r6 ^ Kvpo? ire\ev- 
TTjaev iyevero, dircovToov tcov ( EXXi)vcov avv Ttcrcjafyepvei, ev 
Tal? aTrovSals, ev ra> irpoa^iev Xoycp hehrjXooTat. 2. "Eirel he 
ol re arparrjyol avveiXiipLpbevoL tjgclv real tcov Xo^ayoov kclI 
tcov gt par loot oov ol GvveiropievoL airoXcoXeaav, ev 7roXXfj hi] 
airopia tjgclv ol r/ EXXr/ves, ev^v/iovfievoc piev otl eirl Ta?? /3a- 
ccXecos ^vpats rjcrav. /cv/cXop S* clvtols iravTrj 7roXXa teal e^vrj 
teal iroXeLS TroXeybiai rjaav\ dyopdv he ovhels eri irapk^eiv 
e/ieXXev, airelyov he rijs 'EXXdhos irXeov rj [ivpia aTaSca, rjye- 
ficov S' ovhels t?}? ohov r)v, ttotci/jloI he Stelpyov dhid/3aTOL ev 
fieacp t?}? o'Uahe ohov, TrpovheSoofceaav he clvtovs /cal ol avv 
Kvpco dvaftdvTes /3dp/3apot, plovol he KaTcCXeXetfipievoi rjaav 
oihe lirirea ovheva avpLpLa^ov e^ovTes ■ coctt evhrjXov rjv otl 
VLfcoovTes fiev ovh' av eva KaTatcaivoiev, rjTTTj^evTcov he clvt&v 
ovhels av Xei^eli). 3. Tclvtcl evvoovpievoL teal d^vpioos eyov- 
Te? oXlyoi piev avToov eh ttjv eairepav gltov eyevaavTO, oXcyoc 
he irvp dveKavcrav. iiri he tol oirXa ttoXXgl ovk rjX^ov tclvttjv 
Tip VVK.TCL, dveiravovTo he oirov eTvyyavev e/cacrTo?, ov hvvd- 
pievoc Kcfeevheiv vtto XvTrrj^ real 7ro^ov iraTplhoov, yoveoov, 
yvvatKcov. irathoov. o{>? oviroTe evopaLpv eri o^rea^ai. Ovtco 
piev hi] hicuceipievoL irdvTes dveiravovTO. 

4. ^Hv he T6? ev tt) GTpaTLa ttevocbcov ' A^tjvcilos, o? ome 



QQ EXPEDITIO CYPJ. 

arparrjyo^ ovre Xo^ayb? ovre arpartcoTr]^ cov crvvrjKoXov^ei, 
dXXd llpo^evos avrov fiereTrepL'^raTO oi/co^ev, %evo$ cov dpyai* 
cs • viriayvtiTo oe aura), eo eX^oi, (plXov Kvpco Troirjaetv bv 
avrbs €(prj Kpe'tTTO} eavTto vopui^eiv Tr)$ TraTpiBos. 5. *0 fiev- 
tol zZevotficov, dvayvovs ttjv einaToXijv^ avctKQivoviai %co/cpd- 
T6i rrp 'A^7]paicp rrepl t?)? iropelas. Kal 6 Scofcpdr^y vtto- 
Trrevcras /jmj ti irpbs 7779 TroXecos ot vTrairtov elrj Kvpco cptXov 
yevea^ai, (ore eBoKei 6 Kvpos Trpo^vpicos roh AaKeBaifioviois 
irrl tcls ^A^rjvas avpLTroXepLrjcrcu,) avpifiovXevei tqj 'Bevocpcovrt 
iX^ovra eh AeXcpovs dvaKOtvcbcrai tc5 Sec3 7repl t?)? Tropelas, 
G. 'EX^cbv Be 6 tzevcxfioov eirrjpeTO tov 'AttoXXco tivi av ^etov 
^vcov Kal ev^opievos /caXXcara teal dp terra eX^oc tt)v 6Bbv rjv 
iircvoel Kal koXcos wpd^as aco^elr). Kal dvelXev avrcp 6 
^AttoXXcdv ^eoh ch eBet ^vecv. 7. 'Eirel Be irdXiv r/X^te, 
Xeyec ttjv fzavretav rep ScoKpaTet. 'O 8* d/covaas 77 t car o av- 
rov on ov tovto irp&Tov rjpcoTa y irorepov Xc2ov e'er] avrd) 
Tropevea^rac f) /jLevetv, dXX* avrbs Kpivas Ireov eXvai tovto 
€7rvv^dv6T0) ottco? dv fcaXXtcTTa Tropev^eiT]. *Eirel fxevrou 
qvtq)$ rjpov, ravT, eii7] y yjpr\ rrocecv oca 6 Seo? ifceXevaev. 8. 
f O fxev Brj tievocfi&v ovtco ^vadpievos oh dvelXev 6 Seo? e£e- 
TrXet) Kal KaTaXapbftdvec ev SdpBecrc Upo^evov Kal Kvpov 
fieXXovTas 77S77 opjiav ttjv dvco 6B6v • ical avveard^ij Kvpco, 
9. TlpoS-vfiovpiivov Be tov Ilpo^evov Kal 6 Kvpos avparpov- 
Qv/jieiTO puelvat avrov ■ elire Be ore eireiBdv rd^tara 7) o~rpa- 
reta Xrj^rj, evSvs aTroire^ei avrov. 'EXeyero Be 6 aToXos 
elva? els UeiaiBas. 

10. 'Eo-rparevero fj,ev Brj ovrcos i^aTrarrjSeU ov^ virb 
rod Upo^ivov ■ ov yap fjBet ttjv eirl jSacrcXea opfirjV, ovB aX- 
Xo? ovSeU tG)V 'EXX?jveov ttXtjv KXedp^ov ■ eirel fievTOL ek 
KiXtKiav rjX&ov, craves Trdcrtv 77877 eBoKei elvai on 6 cttoXo? 
elrj eirl fiacriXea. <J?oBovfJLevot Be ttjv 6Bbv Kal aKovres b'ptcos 
ol 7roXXol Bl alaxvvrjv Kal dXXrjXcov Kal Kvpov avvrjKoXoV' 
3-rjcrav cov eh teal 'Eevoi'&v rjv. 11. ^Eirel S' diropla r)v, 
iXv7relro [lev avv roh dXXow koi ovk iBvvaro KaSevBecv • 
pUKpbv Be vttvov Xax&v elBev ovap. - ' f EBo% ev avrcp (3povTr}$ 



LIE. III. CAP. I. g7 

yevouivr]? c"a:7?7TT09 ireaelv eh ttjv irarp^av olfciav, /cat i/c 
tovtov XdjMTTGtj^at ttlmjclv. 12. IIepi<po/3o? S' evS-v? dvqykp- 
3-r], teal to ovap ttPj plv e/cpovev dyaSov, ore ev ttgvgo? cov /cat 
/covdvvoo? <£&>? \ieya he A to? IBeov eBo^e* 771} Be zeal ecf)o/3eoTo, 
on utto A cos pev /3acroXeco<z to ovap ehofcei avr& elvai, /cv/cXro 
£' iSo/cet XdpoTreoS-ao to irvp, /.it] ov Bvvaoro etc tt\% %^pa? 
iijeXSeip 7% (3ao-oXeco? } dXX* eipyoiTO 7rdvTo3-ev vtto tlvcdv 
airopuov. 

13. 'Ottglqv tl fievTOi eVrl to toogvtcv ovap loelv e^ecTO 
cncoirelv e/c tcov cvpfidvTCdv fieTa to ovap, Tiyverao yap 
TaBe. EjB-v? €77663/) dv7]yep3-r], irpcoTOV fiev evvoia aurcp ep,- 
TTiTTTei ■ To /caTa/ceopao ; f\ Be vv^ irpofiaiveo ■ aua Se rfj 
rjjjoepa el/cos tov? TroXe/JLiov? rfeeiv. El Be yevrjcropoeS-a iirt 
ftacroXel, to epoiroBtbv fir/ ov)(o TrdvTa fiev tc\ yaXeirii-aia 
eTToBovTas, irdvTa Be tco BecvoTaTa TraS-ovTa? v/3potofievov? 
dTroS-aveov ; 14. r/ Oi7co? Be dpovvovpoeSa ovoet? TzapacKevd^e- 
Tao ovS* eTro/JoeXeoTao, dXXa /caTafcetpoeSa cocrTrep i^bv i]o~vyjiav 
dyeiv, ''Eyco ovv tov etc Trocar 7roXeco? crTpa-Tjybv TrpoaSo/ca) 
TavTa Trpd^eov ; irocav B' "qXi/coav epoavTcp iXS-eov dvapLevco ; 
ov yap eycoy eTO it peer (3vt epos ecropoao, idv Trjpoepov TrpoBco 
ejiavTov too? iroXepoloo?. 15. 'Etc tovtov dvlcrTaTao /cat crvy- 
/caXeo tov? Upo^evov 7rpcoTGV Xoj/ayov?. 'Eiret Be crvvPjXS-ov, 
eXe^ev • 'Eyco, & dvBpe? Xo^ayoo, ovTe /caS-evSeov Bvvap,ao y 
coenrep ol/iao ovB* vpoeo?, ovTe /caTa/ceooSao eT0 3 opebv ev oi'ots 
eapoev. 16. 01 ptev yap By TroXejiooo Brfkov ore ov irpoTepov 
77750? ?;ua? tov TroXepoov i^ecfrrjvav Trplv evopoicrav /caXco? tco 
eavTcov Trapeor/cevdoSao ■ rjpooov S' ovBet? ovBev avTeirofieXeorao 
ottco? &>? /cdXXocTTa dycovoovpoeS-a. 17. Kal po?]v el v^rjo'op.e- 
3-a /cat eirt /3aa oXeo yevrjcropoeQa, to olopbe&a Treiaecr^ao ; o? 
/cat tov bpooporjTpiov /cat opooiraTpiov dSeXcfrov /cat TeS-vrj/coTO? 
i]Brj diroTejicbv ttjv /cecfraXrjv /cat tt)V %elpa dvecTavpcocrev* 
rj/joa? Be, ch /CTjBepicbv /xev ovoeh TrdpeaTOV, ecrTpaTevcrapoev S' 
eir avTov a>9 BovXov ami ftacroXeoyz 7roo?]crovTes koi drro/cTe- 
vovvTes, el SvvalpoeS-a, to av olopoeS-a ira&elv ; 18. *Ap ov/c 
av eVl ttcov kX&oo, a>9 rjpoa? tco k'eyaTa aoKOcrd/joevo? iracrov 



68 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

dvSpc!)7roL<; cpoftov irapao-'XpL tov arparevaal irore eir av- 
tov ; *AX\? oVa)? tol firj eir eKetvco yevrjao/ie^a, irdvra 
7roi7]Teov. 19. 'Eyco [iev ovv, eare fiev al airovBal rjaav, 
ovTTore iirav6fM7]v rjfjL&s fxev ol/crelpcov, fiaaikea Be /cat tovs 
avv avTco /jLcucapi^cDV, BiaQecofAevos avTcov oarjv fiev y&>pav 
Kal oXav eyoiev, a>9 Be dcp3-ova rd eTrvTrjBeia, oaovs Be Qepd- 
ttovtcls, oaa Be KT7]V7], %pvabv Be, iaSfJTa Be • 20. rd S' av 
tcov crrparicorcov oirore iv&vfjLoifJL7]v, on tcov puev dyaScov 
TrdvTcov ovBevos r/ficv /merecy, el fi?) irpiaijie^a, otov Be covqao- 
fjLeQa yBeiv ere oXiycv? e^ovTas, aXXco? Be ircos 7ropl£eaSac 
rd eiTLTrjBeia rj covovpbevov^ SpKovs rjBr) /care^ovra^ rj/ids ' 
tclvt ovv Xoyt^o/xevo^, eviore rd? cnrovBds [xdXXov ecfrofiov- 
fjLTjv rj vvv top nroXepbov, 21. 'Ewel jievTOi etcelvoi eXvaav 
t&? airovBds, XeXva&ai fiot Boxel Kal rj e/cetveov v/3pL<? Kal 7) 
rjfierepa viro^ria. *Ev peacp yap 7/877 /cetrai ravra rd dya&d 
dS-Xa, oTTorepoi, av t)jjlcov dvBpes dfielvoves coaiv • dycovoQe- 
rai S' ol 3-eoi elaiv, ol avv rjfilv, a>? to elfcos, eaovrat. 22. 
Ovtgl puev yap avrovs eTncopKrjKaaiv ■ rj/Aeis Be, 7roXXd opcov- 
T69 dyaS-d, crTeppa)? avTcov diret^o/jieS-a Bed rou9 tcov Qecov 
optcovs ■ coare e^elvai [iol Bo/cel levai iirl tov dy&va ttoXv 
avv cjipovrjfJ.aTi, fiei^ovL r) tovtols. 23. "En Be e^o/xev aco- 
fiara 1/cavcloTepa tovtcov koi tyvyr) fcal QaXirr] Kal ttovovs 
cpepecv eyojiev Be Kal -tyv^ds avv T069 Qeols dfieivovas* ol Be 
dvBpes teal TpcoTol Kal 3-vtjtoI fiaXKov rjfjicbv, rj ol Beot &a7rep 
to 7rp6aS-ev vlkttjv rjjjZv BiBcbacv. 24. '^4A,V iao)$ yap Kal 
aXkoi Tavrd ivQv/JLOvvTac, 7rpo9 tcov Secav /jltj dvapbevcopiev 
aXkovs i(j} rjfias eXQelv TrapaKaXovvras eirl rd K&XkuaTa 
epya, dW rjfjLets dp^cofiev tov e^opfirjaaL Kal tou9 aXkovs eirl 
TTjv dpeTiqv. $dv7)Te tcov Xo-^aycov dpiaTOi Kal tcov aTpaTT)- 
ycov d^ioaTpaTrjyorepoi. 25. Kdyco Be, el puev v[ie2<; i&ekeTe 
e^opfiav eirl TavTa, eirea^ai vpZv /3ov\ofjLai • el Be vfiel<; 
TUTTere jie rjyelaBat, ovBev irpofyaavCpjxai ttjv rjkiKiav, dXkd 
Kal aKfid^ecv rjyov/jLai epvKetv air ifiavrov Ta KaKa. 

26. r O fiev Tavra eke^ev, ol Be Xo^ayoi, aKovaavTes Tav- 
Ta f qyela&ai eKekevov airavTes. IlXrjv 'AiroWcovLBrjs tls vv 



LIB. III. CAP. I. 69 

fiotcoTtd&v rfj (f)covfj • ovto? S' elirev otl cfiXvapoir) octtls Xe- 
yoc aXXcos 7ra)9 acoT7]pla$ av Tvyeiv t) ftaatXea Treiaas, el 
BvvatTO • fcal a/ia VPX 6T0 ^ e Y e ^ T ^ diroplas. 27. *0 fiev- 
roc aevorfrcov fjuera^v viroXafScov eXe^ev &Be • *I2 SavpLaacco- 
TaT€ av&pcoire, av ye ouS' opcov yiyvcoaKet? ovS' clkovcov 
fiifjLV-rjo-cu. 'Ev tclvtq) ye fievroo rjaBa tovtois ore fiaaiXevs, 
ijrel Kvpos dire&ave, fieya fypovrjaas eirl tovtcq TrepLircov ifce- 
Xeve irapahtBovai tcl oirXa. 28. ^Eirel Be r]fieh ov irapa- 
Sovres, dXX* e^coirXiap^evob iXS-ovres TTapeaKrjvrjaafAev avrco, 
tl ovic eiroirjae TTpeafiets nreynrcov Kal airovBa? alrcov Kal 
Trape^cov to, eirLTrjBeia, ecrre arrovBodv ervyev ; 29. 'Eirel S' 
av crrpaTTjyol Kal XoyjxyoL, coairep Br) av fceXevets, els Xoyov? 
avTGL? civev ottXcov ffkS-ov Trcarevaavres rah airovBah, ov 
vvv ifcelvoL iraLopbevoL, KevTovfievoi, vftpt^o/jLevoi, ovS* airo- 
Savelv oi TXy/xoves BvvavTai ; Kal fidX* oljiai ipcovre? tov- 
tov ' a av TravTa elBchs tov? fiev dfivveaS-ac tceXevovras 
cpXvapecv </>??9, Tret^etv Be irdXcv KeXevets lovTas. 30. ''Ejiol 
Be, 3) civSpes, Bofcel tov dv^pcoirov tovtov p,rjTe irpoalea&cu eh 
ravrb rjjiLV avrols dcfieXopLevovs re rrjv Xoyayiav afcevr] dva- 
Qevras co? tocovto) xprjaQat. Ovtos yap fcal ttjv irarpiBa 
Karaiayyvei Kal iraaav T7]v *EXXdBa, ore r/ EXXrjv cov tqlov- 
T09 ear iv, 

31. 'EvrevS-ev inroXaficbv 'Ayaaias XrvpifyaXios elirev* 
'AXXa, Tovrcp ye ovre ttj? Botcorias rrpoai]fceL ovBev ovre t?}? 
( EXXdBos Travrdiraacv ■ eirel eyco avrbv elBov coairep AvBbv 
dpLcfcorepa ra (bra rerpvirrjiievov. 32. Kal elyev oiira)?. 
Tovtov fjiev ovv dirrjXaaav ■ ot 8' aXXoc it a pa ra? Ta^et<; 
lovTes ottov jxev aTpaTrjybs acoo? elr] tov aTparrjyhv Trapeicd- 
Xovv * OTTO&ev Be oiyoiTO tov VTroaTpaTTjyov ■ ottov 8* av 
Xoyaybs acoo? etrj tov Xoyayov. 33. 'Eirel Be irdvTes avv- 
r]X$ov, eh to irpoa&ev twv ottXcov e/caS-e^ovTO ■ Kal eyevovTO 
oi avveXS-ovTes aTpaTTjyol /cal Xoyayol a/JL<f)l tov<; e/carov, 
"Ore Be Tavra rjv a^eBov (ieaav rjaav vv/CTes. 34. 'EvravSa 
f IepG}vvfio<z f HXeto<; nrpeafivTaTos cov Ttov Upo^evov Xo)/ayc7>v 
VPX eT0 ^y €LV wSe • 'Hfilv, & avBpe? aTpaTr\yol Kal Xo^ayoi, 



70 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

opSycrv ra Trapovra eSofe teal clvtois crvveXQeiv teal vfia? 
Trapa/eaXiaac, 0776)? fiovXevaaifieSa ec ti Bwat/jLeQa aya- 
3-ov. Aitov B\ efy-q, teal av, & Uevocfxuv, airep teal 777309 
rjfias. 

35. 'Ete tovtov Xeyev rdBe Eevo^cov 'AXXa ravra fiev 
Br) 7rdvT€<; eiriaTdfie^a on fiacnXeu? teal Tiaaa^kpvr]^ ov? 
jilv eBvvrfirjcrav GweCXv^aaiv r/fi&v " rofc <>' aXXois BPjXov 
on e7rt/3ovXevovcriv, co? r)v SvvcovTai diroXeaecatv. 'Hfilv Si 
y olfiat iravra TrotTjria a>9 /jltjttot eirl tol$ /3ap/3dpot<; yevco- 
fieQa, dXXa fxaXXov rjv Bvvco/ieS-a iteelvot i(j> ?)ficv. 36. Ev 
tolvvv eTriaraoS-s ore v/jl€l$ togovtoi ovre? octol vvv avveXr]- 
XvQare fiiyvarov e%er€ teatpev. 01 yap arparicbraL ovtqi 
iravres Trpo? u/z«9 diro(3Xeirov<JL ■ tcav fiev vfid? opcbaiv d9-v- 
fj,ovvTa$, Trdvre? ieatcol eaovrav ■ rjv Be u/xeZ? avrol re irapa- 
crteeva^ofJievoL cfiavepol rjre eirl tou$ iroXejiLov^ teal tol>9 aX- 
Xovs TTapateaXrjre, ev care ore etyovTai vfilv teal nreipdaovrai 
fii/jbetcrS-aL. 37. "1(70)9 Be toi teal Sitealov ecrriv u/xa9 Siafye- 
peiv ti tovtcov. ^Tfiel? yap eare ar parrjy ol, vfiel? Ta^Lapyoi 
teal Xo^ayoi* teal ore elprjvr] rjv vfjuel? teal ^prjfiaai teal Tifial? 
tovtcov eifkeoveterelre • teal vvv tolvvv, eirel 7ro\e/x6? iartv, 
d^tovv Bee vfias aurov? dfjueivovs re rod 7r\rjQov<z elvat teal 
Trpoftovkeveiv tovtcov teal irponrovelv, tfv ttov Bey. 38. Kal 
vvv irptOTOV fiev oioiiai av vfia^ fieya ovijcrai to crTpaTevfia, 
el e7rijJLe\7]S-ci7)Te ottco? uvtI t&v diroXooXoTOov &>9 Tdvicrra 
CTpaTrjyol Kal Xoj(ayol avTiteaTacrTaQobaLV. "Avev yap dp- 
yovTosv ovBev av ovt€ koXov ovTe dya§bv yevotTo, a>9 fiev 
avveXovTi elrrelv, ovBajiov ' ev Be Brj tol$ 7ro\e/jiL/eGL^ iravTa- 
Tracriv. C H [lev yap evTa^ta aco^etv BoteeX, rj Be aTa^ca tto\- 
Xol>9 rjSr) aTToXooXe-eev. 39. ^EireiBav Be KaTacrTTjarjcr^e Toi>$ 
apxovTa? 6Vov9 Bel, rjv teal toz>9 aXXovs crTpaTidoTas avXXe- 
yr]Te Kal irapaQappvvrjTe, clfiac av v/jlcls nrdvv ev teatpep 7rot?)- 
aai. 40. Nvv fiev yap io~co<z Kal v/iel? ala^dvea^e a>9 d$v- 
fico? fiev rjXQov eirl tcl oirXa, dQvficos Be Trpb? ra9 (frvXaKu? • 
cocTTe ovtco ye e^ovTCov ovk olBa o ti av tl$ xpijcaiTO avTol? 
eire vvktos Beot to elVe Kal r)fiepa^ 41. *Hv Be ti$ avTcov 



LIB. III. CAP. I. 71 

rptyy ra$ yvcoptas, o>? fifj tovto povov evvocovTat tl TretGov- 

TCLL dXXd KCLl TL TTOll'jGOVGL, TTOXl) euQv/lOTepOt, 6G0VTCLL. 42. 

'EiTiGTaG&e yap B/jirov otl ovre TrXyS-o? zgtiv ovre tVyi/? y 

iv TCp TToXefMO TO? VlfCa? TTOIOVGOL ' dXX OTTOTepOl CIV GUV TGLJ 

Seel? Tah -^rvyah ipptofievearrepoi Icogcv farl rovs TroXepiov?, 

TOVTOV? 0)? 677 i TO 7ToXif OL IvOVTlOl 01 BkyQVTai. 43. 'EvT€- 

SvfjLTj/jLat S' eycoye, & avBpes, kgX tovto otl gttogol plv pa- 

CT6VGVGL ZflV ifC TrCLVTO? TpOTTOV Iv TOL? TToXepLlfCGL?, OVTOL 

pev fca/co)? T€ teal aiGvpco? a>? eirl to 7roXv airoSirijafeovcnv ■ 
ottogol Be tov [lev 3-civcztov iyvcofcaGL ttcigl icoivov elvat teal 
dvayfcatov dvQpGOTroc?, irepl Be tov tcaXco? ciTroSv/'/G/cecv dyoo- 

Vl'^OVTCU, TOVTOV? OpCO fldXkcV 770)? €i'? TO y?jpa? d^,LKV0VpA- 

vov$, teal, ea>5 av £coglv, evoaiptoveGTepov BidyovTas. 44. *A 
teal ?) puis Bel vvv /caTapaS-GVTas, iv tolovtco yap /catpS eGfiiv, 
avTov? tg avSpa? dyaS-ov? elvat teal tov? aXXou? Trapa/caXelv. 
O [lev tclvt elircDV iiravGaTO. 

45. Metci Be tovtov elrre XetptGO^o? * 'AXXa TrpoG^ev 
puiv, co ftsvocpcov, togovtov ptovov G6 iylyvcoG/cov OGOV fjteovov 
'ASijvalov elvat • vvv Be teal eiratvco Ge } e<j> oh Xeyei? re teal 
TrpaT-eis tcaX fiovXotpLrjv av otl TrXeiGTOv? elvat tolovtov? ' 
KOivov yap av eiy to dyaS-Sv. 46. Kal vvv, e<fyq a ptrj piiXXco- 
peVy co avSpes, aX\' aTreXS-ovTe? rjor} aipeiG&a ol Beoptevoi 
apXovTas, real eXopevoi Tjxere eh to pteGov tov GTpaTOTricov 
teal tov? alpeSivTa? ayeTe • erreiTa i/cel Gvy fcaXov ptev tov? 
a)\Xov? GTpaTicoTa? ■ TrapeGTco 8' yplv, ecf)7j, fcal ToXptlBr]? o 
Kvpvt. 47. Kal dpta TavTa elircov aveGTrj, &>? p,rj p^eXXotro 
aXXa TrepalvoiTO tcl SeovTa. 'Ex tovtov ypeS-rjGav apypvr&i 
avrl pXv KXedpyov TipLaGtcov AapBavevs, avrl Be Hcoxpcl- 
tovs Hay&iiekrf; 'Abates, clvtI Be ' Ayiov KXedvcop 'Ap/cds, 
dvTi Be Mivcovo? <&lX?]glo<z "Ay^aioS: airii Be Upotjevov &evo- 
(bcov *A3-7]vazo$. 



72 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 



CAP. II. 

1. ''Eirel Be yprjvro, rjfiepa re a%eBbv virefyaive teal ek to 
/jbicrov rjfcov oi apxovres, Kal eBo^ev avrols irpocjivXaKas Kara- 
(TTrjaavra^ avyKaXelv tovs arparLcora^. 'Eirel Be Kal oi 
aXXot, (TTpart&Tac avvrjXSov, dvearr) irpoyrov fiev Xetpiao- 
c/>09 6 AdfceSaifJLOVLo? /cat eXe%ev &Be • 2. *fl avBpe? crrpa- 
Ticbrai, ^aXeTra fiev ra irapovra, oirore dvBpwv arparrjycov 
tolovtcov arepofieS^a teal Xo^ayS)v Kal arpartcorcov • 7rpbs S' 
en Kal oi afJL<j>l 'Aptalov oi irpoa&ev av}i\iayoi 6We? 7rpoBe- 
BcoKaacv 77/xa?. 3. "Ojjlcos Be Bel etc rcov 7rap6vrcov avBpas 
dya&ov? re eXQelv Kal /jltj vcftleaS-at, dXXa ireipda&ai ottcds 
r)v pbev BvvcbfJieQa KaXcos vitccovres aco^cofieBa • el Be fitf, dXXa 
/ca\co9 ye diro^vfjaKcofJiev, viro^eipioi Be fjufjirore yevcoj^eBa 
^oovre? rots it oXe plots. Oco/iat yap av fjfias rotavra vraQelv 
ola tov$ e^S-povs oi 3-eol TTOttfaetav. 

4. 'EttI tovtg) KXedvcop 'Op^o/jtevLO? dvearr] /cat eXe^ev 
Q)Be* 'AX7J Spare ptev, co avBpes, rrjv ftaatXecos emopiciav 
Kal dae(3etav • opdre Be rr)v Ttaaa&>epvov<$ drriariav, oaris 
Xeycov co? yelro)v re etrj t?}? *EXXdBo<z kcli rrepl 7fKeiarov av 
rroirjcraiTO acoaat rj/xas, Kal eirl rovrot? avros bfioaas rj/xlv, 
avrbs Be^ids Bov$, avrbs i^aTrarrjcras avveXafie rov<; arparr}- 
yov?, Kal ovBe Aia ttevtov jjBeaS-r], dXXa KXedp^w Kal 6fLO- 
Tpdire^os yev6/A,evo$ avrol? tovtols e^airarrjaas tov$ avBpa<$ 
diroXcoXeKev. 5. ^Apialos Be, bv rjfjtels rjS-eXopiev fiaatXea 
KaQtardvat, Kal eBcoKa/jtev koX iXd/3o/jtev irtara ptr) rrpoBd)- 
aetv dXXrjXovs, Kal ovro? ovre rovs $eou9 Beiaas ovre Kvpov 
rbv reQvrjKora alBeaQefc, Tt/jLco/jLevos pbdXiara vtto Kvpov 
%o)vto<; vvv 7T/509 tov$ eKelvov e^SYaroi/? aiTOO-ras i}fj,a<z tovs 
Kvpov (pi\ov$ KaKths TroieZv ireipdrai,. 6. 'AWa tovtov? 
/lev oi r&eol diroriaatVTO • 97/XS9 Be Bel ravra opcovras firjirore 
e^airaT7]Brjvai en xjito tovtoov, dXkd fiaj^opbevovs d>? civ Bv- 
vcbfieQa Kpartara rovro 6 rt av Boxy to?9 r&ee£? iracr^eiv. 

7. 'JE/e tovtov pievocfrcbv dvicrrarat iaraXfLevos eVl iroXe- 



LIB. III. CAP. II. 73 

fiov ft)? eBvvaro KaXXiara • vo/jll^cov, eire vlktjv BcBolev ol 

&€0l, TOV K&XkiCTTOV KOapLOV TW VLKOLV 7Tp€7T€LV ' €LT6 TeXev- 

rav Beoi, opQcos eyeiv rcov KaXXtarcov eavrbv d^ccoaavra iv 
tovtols tt}? reXevrrjs ivyyaveiv ■ rov Xoyov Be rjpyero coBe • 
8. Trjv fiev rcov fiapfidpcov eiriopKiav re Kal diuaTiav Xeyei 
KXedvcop, iTTiaracrS-e Be Kal vpLels o2p,ai. El fiev ovv /3ou- 
Xevbfie^a irakiv avrols Bed cptXcas levai, dvdyKrj rjfid<; 7toXXt)v 
d&vjJLLav eyetv, optovra? Kal rovs arparriyovs, oi Bed iriareco^ 
avTol? eavrov? eveyeipiaav, cla ireirov^aaiv • el fievrou Bca- 
voovfie&a avv roi<; ottXols cov re ireiroirfKaai Blktjv eirt^elvai 
avTol? Kal to Xoiirbv Bed Travrbs iroXe/Jiov avrols levac, avv 
rot? 3-eols 7ro\\al r\fiiv Kal KaXal eX7rcBe$ elal atorrfpias. 9. 
Tovro Be Xeyovros avrov irrdpvvrai tl$ • aKovaavres Be ol 
arparLcorat nrdvTes fita oppifj nrpoaeKvvqaav rov 3-eov. Kal 
Uevocpcov elire • Aofcel fioi, to dvBpes, eirel ire pi awir/pcas 
rj/jicov Xeyovrcov oiWo? rov Alo<s tgv Scott) po? ecj^avrj, ev%a- 

G&CLL TCp Qecp TOVTCp BvaeiV aCOTTjpia 07T0V CLV ITpCOTOV 6£? 

cpiXiav %topav dc^LKco/jie^a • avveirev^ad^ai Be Kal rots aX- 
Xot? r^eot? Svaetv /card Bvvafuv. Kal orco BotceX tclvt, ecprj, 
dvareivdrco rr)v %e?pa. Kal dveretvav airavres. ''Etc rov- 
rov ev^avro Kal eiraitoviaav. ""Eirel Be rd rcov &ecbv /caXco? 
eiyev, rjpyero irdXtv coBe • 

10. 'Eivyyavov Xeytov> ore iroXXal fcal KaXal eXirtBes 
rjfjiiv elev crcoTqpias. Upcorov fiev yap rjfiel^ fiev ifJureBov/jiep 
tovs rcov Qecov optcovs, ol Be iroXeficoi enTitopK-qtcacri re Kal rag 
a7rovBd$ Kal tovs opKovs \e\vKacnv. Ovrco 8' eyovrcov et/co? 
rot? fiev 7ro\ep,ioL$ evavriovs elvai tovs $eou?, r)fuv Be crvft- 
ILayovs, oiirep iKavol elai Kal rov? fieyaXov^; rayv fiLKpovs 
iroielv Kal tov$ /JLiKpovs Kav ev Betvols cocn, crco^ecv evirerw, 
orav /3ov\covraL. 11. "Eireira Be, (dva/jLvrjcrcD yap vfid^ Kal 
tov$ rcov irpoyovcov rcov r/fierepcov klvBvvovs, Xva elBrjre co? 
dyaSol? re vjjliv irpocriqKei elvai aco^ovrai re avv tols 3-eols 
Kat eK irdvv Betvcov ol dyaSol •) eX&ovrcov fiev yap Ilepcrcov 
Kai rcov avv avrGts iraiiifX^el aroXco ft>? dcpaviovvrcov av$c$ 
ra<$ 'AS-rjvaSy V7roarrjvao avroi? 'A^qvaloi ToXpLrjaavTes, ivl- 
4 



74 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

ktjgclv avrovs. 12. Kal evfjdfievoL rfj 'ApTefjaBi ottoctovs av 
KaraKavotev to)V iroXefiCwv Toaavras yifiaipa^ fcara^vaecv 
rfj Sec3, eirel ovk eiyov iicavas evpelv, eBo^ev avrols kot eve- 
avrbv irevTaicocrias ^vecv • teal ere teal vvv dircfevovaiv. 13. 
*EireiTa ore 'Eep^rjs varepov ayelpa? Tr)v dvapfo/irjTov arpa- 
Tiav rjX^ev €7rl Tr)v r EXXdBa, Kal Tore evcKcov oi rj/Jberepoo 

TTpOyOVOL TOU9 TOVTCOV TTpoyOVOVS Kdl KCLTa y9]V Kal KOTO, 

^dkarrav. *f2v earc fiev TeKfirjpta opav ra Tpoiraia, pAyi- 
cttov Be fiapTvptov r) ekev^sepia r&v iroXecov ev ah vfiels eye- 
vea^re Kal irpd(f>r)T€ • ovBeva jap dv^pcoirov 8ea7roT7]v dXXa 

TOU9 SreOU? 7TpO(TKVV6lTe. ToLOVTCOV flkv eCTTe TTpOJOVCDV. 14. 

Ov fiev Brj tovto ye ep(b &>9 vfieZs fcaraca^vvere avTovs* aXX? 
ovttco 7ro\\al rjfiepac a<f> ov dvTiTO^dfievoi tovtol? toI$ i/cel- 
vcov e/cyovoL? iroXXaTrXaalov^ v/icov avrwv ivi/care crvv tols 
&eofc. 15. Kal Tore fiev Br) jrepl Tr)$ Kvpov /3acnXe[a$ av- 
Bpes rjre dyd^ol' vvv S' QTrore nrepl Tr)<z vfieTepa? crcoTrjpta^ 
6 dycov earc ttoXv Brjirov vjxa^ irpocrrjicei Kal dfieivovas /cal 
TrpcfevjJLOTepovs elvai. 16. 'AXXd fir)v /cal ^appaXecorepov? 
vvv irpeirei elvai irpos tou9 iroXefiiov^. Tore fiev yap direi- 
poc 6We9 avr&v to re 7rXrj^os d/juerpov opcovTes, o/jlcd$ iroX- 
fir] aare crvv tg3 irarptq) (ppovr]fiart levai eh avrovs • vvv B\ 
oirore Kal irelpav r)8r] e%ere avrwv otl ^eXovcrt Kal 7roXXa- 
TrXdcrtot ovre$ fir) Be^ecr^ao vfias, ti ere vfilv Trpocrr]Kei tov- 
tou9 (f)o/3ela^at ; 17. Mr]8e fievTOi tovto fielov 86%7]Te 
e^etv ei oi Kvpeloc irpoaisev crvv r)fuv TaTTOfievoi vvv d<fie- 
GTr]Kaaiv % eTi yap ovtoi KaKioves elen tSv v(f) r)fjboov t]ttt]- 
fievcov • €(j)evyov yovv Trpos eKeivovs KaTaXarbvTes r)fid^. 
T0U9 Be iiseXovTas (frvyrjs dpyeiv iroXv KpeiTTOV crvv to?9 
iroXefALOis TOTTOfievov^ r) ev Trj r)fieTepa Ta^et opav. 18. El 
Be t^9 av vfi&v d^vfiel otl r)filv fiev ovk elalv iinrehy tgis Be 
7roXefiloi<; 7roXXol Trdpetcrtv, ev^vjjLrj^rjTe otl oi fivptot iiTTreh 
ovBev aXXo r) fivpioi elacv dv^pcoTroi • vtto fiev yap Tttttov ev 
f^dyrj ovBeh nrdnroTe ovTe BrjjfieU ovTe XaKTicr&el? dire^a- 
vev e oi S' dvBpes elalv oi iroiovvTes 6 tl av ev Tal<$ fxdyais 
ylyvTjTac. 19. Ovkovv tgdv ye iinrecov 7roXv rjfiets eir dcr(f)a- 



LIB. III. CAP. II. 75 

Xearepov o^/niaro^ ecrpiev ■ ol \xev yap i<j> ittttcov fCpi/jLavrcu 
(fro/Sov/jLevoL ov% ?; / ua9 puovov dXXd Kal to Karaireaelv^ rjpLels o° 
€7rl tt}? yrjs /3e/37]fc6~€s ttoXv [lev la^vporepov iraiaofiev r)v tls 
rrpoatrjy iroXv S' en pbdXXov orov av fiovXcopie^a rev^ofie^a. 
c Evl fxovcp irpokyovcriv ol Irnrels rjpas ' (pevyecv avrots dacpa- 
Xearepov iartv r) rjpfiv. 20. El Be hrj ra? fiev pdyas Sa/5- 
pelre, otl S' ovfcerc rj/nlv Tcaaa(f)€pv7]9 7)yr)creTaL ovhe J3ao~L\ev$ 
dyopav Trape^et,, tovto d)fiea^e, crKeijraa^e Trorepov Kpelrrov 
Ttaaa^epvrjv rjyepova e^etv, o? eTTifiovXevcov rjplv cjzavepo? 
ianv, rj ovs av r)pLel$ avhpa? XafiovTes rjyeicr^aL KeXevcofiev • 
ot eicrovTaL otl rjv tl ire pi rjpbds d/iaprdvcocrtj ire pi rds eavr&v 
^v^as teal rd aco/iara d/ia prdv ovai. 21. Td S' eTririjSeLa 
irorepov ooveca^cu Kpelrrov e/c ttj$ dyopav 779 ovroc rrapelyov 
fJLiicpd fierpa ttoXXov dpyvplov, pbrjhe tovto €Tl ef^oz/ra?, r) 
avTov? \afjbf3dvetv, rjvirep KpaTwpbev, perpcp xpcopievovs oiroacp 
av etcaaTOS fiovXrjTaL ; 22. El he Tovra fiev ytyvdoo-fceTe on 
KpeiTTova, tovs he iroTapLovs drropov vopbi^ere elvat real fieyd- 
Xa)9 rjyeca^e e%airaTrf^r)vaL hcafidvTes, o-fcetyao-^e el apa 
tovto teal ficopoTaTov TreirotrjKaaiv ol fidpfiapoL. IldvTes fiev 
yap ol TTOTajJLOi, rjv teal irpocrco tcov 7rr)ycov arropot coctl, WpoZ- 
ovo~c 7rpo? Tas TTrjyas StafiaTol yiyvovTai ovhe to yovv /3pe- 

^O^T69. 23. El he firffi ol TTOTapiol htOiaOVCTLV Tjye/jLOJV Te 

firjhels r)fjuv cfravecTac, ouS' &? i]pXv ye &hvjir\Teov. "'EiriGTa- 
fie^a yap Mvcrovs, ofc? ovk av rj/icov fyairjiiev fieXTtovs elvat, 
ol fiacrLXecos dfcovTos iv tjj fiacnXecos %&>pa 7roXXd$ Te ko\ 
[leydXas teal evSai/xovas TroXeis oIkovglv ■ eiriGTapLe^a he 
Heiaihas GbaavTCD? ■ Avtcdovas he /cal avTol elhofiev otl, iv 
rot? 7reSt069 Ta ipv/xvd icaTaXafiovTes tt)v tovtov yoopav /cap- 
TTovvTac. 24. Kal rjud? S' av fyaLrjv eycoye ^prjvac firjirco 
fyavepovs eivai o'c/caSe dyp/ArjfjLevovs, dXXd KaTaafcevd^ecfeai a>9 
avTov ttov olfcr)aovTa<;. 018a yap otl Kal Mvcrols fiaaCXevs 
ttoXXovs (iev r)ye/jLOva? av Soir], 7TO/\Aou9 8* av opbrjpovs tov 
dhoXoos eKireji-^eiv, Kal oSoTTOirjaeci y av avTols Kal el avv 
Te^piiriTOLs ftovXoiVTo diTikvai, Kal r)fjuv y av o2S' otl 
t pea da {iev os Tovra eTroiei, el ecopa r)p,a<z fievetv irapacKeva^o- 



76 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

fievovs. 25. 'AXXa yap SiSotKa fir) av dira^ fiasco fiev dpyol 
%f)v Kal ev dcj&ovots (3lot€V€iv, Kal MrjScov Se teal Ilepacov 
KaXats /cat ptey dXat$ yvvat^l Kal irap^evot? dfitXelv, fir) 
axTirep ol XcoTocpdyot e7rtXa^oofie^fa tt}? olKaSe 6Sov. 26. 
AoKei ovv fiot elfcbs Kal SUatov elvat irpcoTOV eh tt)v 'EXXdSa 
Kal 7rpo? tov$ olfcetovs iretpatr^at dc^tKvela^at Kal eiriZel^ai 
to£? "EXXrjrrtv ore efcovres irevovTat, &%bv avTOt? tov<$ vvv otfcot 
dfcXrjpovs TroXtrevovras ev^tdSe KOfitaaptevovs irXovaiov^ opav. 
*AXXd yap, S) avSpes, irdvra ravra rdya^d SrjXov ore tcov 
Kparovvrcov icrri. 27. Tovro Sr) Set Xeyetv 7rc5? av iropevot- 
pte^d T€ o>? da^aXearara Kal, el ptd^ea^at Seot, a>? Kparicrra 
fxa^olpte^a. FIpooTOV fiev toIvvv, ecj)7], SoKet fioc KaraKavcrat 
t«9 dfid^as, a? eypfiev ■ Xva fir) rd ^evyrj rj/xcov arparrjyT], 
dXXd iropevcofie^a otttj av rf) arparta avficpepr) • eireira Kal 
rd$ GKrjvas avyKa^raKavaai. Avrat yap av 6%Xov ptev irape- 
%ovcrtv ayetv, avvcocpeXovcrt Se ovSev ovre els to fid^ea^at 
ovt el$ to Ta eiriTrjSeia e%etv. 28. "Etl Se Kal tcov dXXcov 
aKevcov Ta TrepiTTa air aXXd^co ptev 7rXrjv oca iroXeptov eveKev 
s fj aiTcov f) ttotcov eyofiev ■ tva a>? irXelaTOt fiev rjficov ev Tots 
07rXots cocrtv, a>? eXdyiGToi Se GKevocfcopcoat. KpaTovptevcov 
fiev yap eV/crTacr^e otc irdvTa dXXoTpta* r)v Se Kparcofiev, 
Kal tov$ TToXefitovs Set axevocpopov? rj/ieTepovs voptt^etv. 29. 
Aotirov fiot elirelv orrep Kal fieytaTov vofil^co elvat. 'OpaTe 
yap Kal tovs iroXefitovs oTt ov irpoa^sev e^eveytcelv eToXptrjaav 
7rpo? ?7/xa? iroXepov irplv tov$ CTpaTTjyovs rjficov cvveXaftov, 
vofil&vTes ovtcov fiev tcov dpyovTwv Kal rjficov irefeofievoov 
tKavovs elvat rj/uas Treptyevea^at t<S TroXefiay XafiovTes Se 
tovs dpypvTas dvapyja av Kal aTa^ta evoptt^ov rjfias diroXe- 
a^at. 30. Ael ovv iroXv fiev tov$ dp%ovTa<z eirtfieXeaTepov<; 
yeveo^at tovs vvv tcov irpoc^ev^ 7roXv Se tovs dp^optevovs 
evTaKTOTepovs koX TretSofievovs fiaXXov Tots dpyovat vvv r) 
irpoa^ev. 31. *Hv Se Tt$ d7refef), r)v ^rjc^Larja^e tov del 
vficov evTvyydvovTa avv tco dp^ovTt KoXdQtv, ovtcos ol iroXe- 
fitot irXelcxTOV e^revafxevot eaovTat ■ r^Se yap tj) rjfiepa fivpt- 
Of9 oyfrovTat dv& evbs KXedp^ovs tov<? ovS* evl eirtTpetyovTas 






LIB. III. CAP. II. 77 

kclkw elvat. 32. 'AXXd yap ical rrepalvetv r)Sr) to pa * lacos 
yap ol rroXeptot avrUa rrapeaovrat. r Orco ovv ravra Soicet 
icaXcos €X eLV > EB'ueupwtrdTW co? ra^ara, tva epyco rrepaivr)rat. 
El Se rt dXXo fie'Xrtov fj ravrrj^ roXpidrco teal 6 IStcbrrj? StSd- 

<TfC€LV • TT&VTeS yap KOUrifc (TG)T7]pLa$ Seopte^a. 

33. Merd ravra Xetptcrocfjos elrrev *AXX! el piv rtvo^ 
aXXov Set 7rpo9 rovrots oh €lire p,evocpcov. teal avritca e^earat 
rrotetv ■ a he vvv elpr\ice Sotcel piot a>? rd%tcrra tyrjepicracr^at 
dptarov elvat ■ ical orco Soicet ravra, dvaretvdrco ri]v yelpa.. 
' Avereivav diravre^. 3i. 'Avaaras Se rrdXtv elrre Pfevocpcov • 
V2 avSpes dtcovcrare cov rrpoaSelv Soicet ptot. ArjXov ort rro- 
pevea^at rjpds Set oirov e^optev rd errtrrjSeLa. ' Atcovco Si, 
tccoptas elvat tcaXas ov rrXetov eltcocrt crraSicov drreyovaas. 35. 
Ovtc dv ovv ^avpid^oLfit el oi rroXeptot^ coarrep ol SetXol tevves 
tou9 ptev rraptbvra^ Stcotcovai re fcal Sdtcvovcrtv rjv Svvcovrat, 
rovs Se Sicofcovras cpevyovacv, el teal ovrot rjplv drrtovaiv 
erratcoXov^olev. 36. "laws ovv dacpaXecrrepov rjplv rropev- 
ecr^at rrXalatov 7rot7]crap,evov$ rcov ottXcov, tva ret cicevocfiopa 
koX 6 7roXv$ o)(Xo<; iv dacpaXearepco y. El ovv vvv diro- 
Set^eirj rlva %prj rjyeta^at rod rrXataiov ical rd rrpoa^ev 
tcoaptelv teal rtvas inl rcov rrXevpcov etcarepcov elvat riva% 8' 
oirtcfhocfyvXatceZv, ovic dv oirore ol rroXepuot eX^otev fiovXev- 
ecr^at rjpds Siot. dXXd xpeppte^ dv eifeis rols reraypevots. 
37. El ptev ovv aXXos rt? /3eXrtov 6 pa, aXXcos ij/erco • el Se 
/XT], Xetpicrocfios ptev rjyotro irretSi] ical AatceSaiptovtos icrrt* 
rcov Se rrXevpcov etcarepcov Svo rcov rrpecr/Svrdrcov arparrjyco 
irrtpeXoia^rjV • orrta^sofyvXaictoptev Se rjptets ol vecorarot eyco 
re ical Tifiaalcov rb vvv elvat. 38. To Se Xotrrbv rretpdoptevot 
ravr*q<; rrjs rd^ecos, {3ovXevaop,e^a 6 rt dv del Kpdrtarov So- 
Kolrf elvat. El Se rt<$ dXXo opa fteXrtov, Xe^drco. ^ Err el Se 
ovSels dvreXeyev, elrrev ■ r Orcp Sofcel ravra, dvaretvdrco rrjv 
X e lp a * 39. "ESo^e ravra. Nvv roivvv, ecfyrj, drrtbvra^ rrotelv 
Set rd SeSoypteva • ical oarts re vpicov row olicelovs errfevpLel 
ISetv, pepLvrjcr^co dvrjp dya%6<; elvat ■ ov yap iartv aXXcos rov- 
rov rvyelv % oarts re %f)v eTrfibvptel, rretpdo^co vticav rcov piev 



78 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

yap vlkcovtoov to KaTaKalveLV, toov Se rjTToo/jLevoov to aircfovT]- 
a/ceiv £gtL Kal el T£? Se ^prj/jLaToov eirChv^ely KpaTelv Tret- 
pda^co • tcov yap vlkcovtoov earl Kal tcl eavToov aoo^eiv teal tcl 
tcov rjTTcofJLevcov XajmfidveLV. 



CAP. III. 

1. Tovtcov XeffievTcov dveaTrjaav Kal a7re\^6vTe<? Kare- 
Kaiov tcls d/xd^a^ Kal ra? aKiqvds ■ toov Se irepLTTcov otov fiev 
SeoLTO tls (JueTeSLSoaav dXXrjXoLS, tcl Se dXka eh to irvp ippl- 
tttovv. TavTa TroLrjcravTes rjpLaTOTTOLOVVTO. " ApiGTOTroiov- 
fxevcov Se avTcov epyeTai MfepiSaTrjs avv lirireyaiv co? Tpid- 
KOVTa, Kal KaXead/jLevos tov$ aTpaTijyovs eh eTrrjKoov Xeyet 
coSe • 2. 'Eyco, co civSpes r/ EXXr)ve$, Kal Kvpco inaTos fjv, cb$ 
v/jbels eTricTTacr^e, Kal vvv v/jllv evvovs ■ Kal ev^idSe el/u avv 
7roAAc3 cf)6/3co Stay oov. El ovv opcorjv tyxa? acoTrjpLov tl /3ov- 
Xevofievovs, eX^fot/xt av 7rpo? u^a? Kal tov$ ^sepdirovTas irdv- 
Tas e^cov. Ae^aTe ovv 7rp6$ fie tl ev vco e%eTe co? 7rpo? cplXov 
re Kal evvovv Kal fiovkofievov Koivfj avv vplv tov aToXov 
iroiela^ai. 3. BovXevofxevoL^ tols aTpaTrjyoh eSo^ev diroKpl- 
vaa^aat TaSe • (jcai eXeye Xecplaocfios •) < Hplv SoKel, el fxev 
Tt? ea rjfjias dirievai ocKaSe, ScaTropevea^ai ttjv ^copav co? av 
Swco/xe^a daiveaTara ■ fjv Se T£? rj/jLa? tt}? 6Sov diroKcoXvy. 
StairoXefxelv tovtco cb$ av Swco/xe^a KpaTiaTa. 4. \E/e tov- 
tov eiretpaTO MfepcSaTT)? StSdaKetv co? diropov ellrj ftaaLXeco? 
czkovto? aaferjvai. "Ev^a Srj eyiyvcoaKeTO otl viroTrefxirTO^ 
etr] • Kal yap toov Ttaaacpepvovs tj? olKeicov 7raprjKoXov^eo 
TriaTeco? eveKa. 5. Kal eK tovtov eSoKei tol$ aTpaTrjyoh 
fieXTLOv elvat Soyjxa Trotrjaaa^ai tov TroXe/xov aKrjpVKTOV elvat 
eare ev ttj nroXefxla elev ■ Steele tpov yap TrpoatovTe? tovs 
aTpaTiooTas, Kal eva ye Xo^aybv Sce^etpav NUap^ov ' ApKa- 
Sa ' Kal (pX eT0 ^ J7Tl ^ >v WKTo? avv dv^fpdo7roi<; co? eUoai. 

6. MeTa TavTa dpiaTrjaavTe? Kal ScaftdvTes tov Zd/3aT0V 
iroTafjibv eiropevovTO TeTay/xevot tcl viro^vyLa Kal tov o^Xov ev 



LIB. III. CAP. III. 79 

aeaco eyovres. Ov ttoXv he TrpoeXrjXv^orcjv avrcov e7rt(j>aC- 
verac irdXcv 6 Mt^pchdrr]?) LTTTreas eyuv &)? hiaKoaiovs Kal 
ro^ora? Kal cr(f)ep&0P7]Ta<z o>9 TerpaKOoiovs fidXa eXafypovs Kal 
-evfavovs. 7. Kal TTpoarjec fiev o>? <£t\o? cov 777309 rou? r/ EX- 
Xijvas ■ iirel he iyyvs iyevero, e^airiv7]s oi fxev avroov erotjevov 
Kal iirirels Kal 7re£b/, oi S' iacfrevhovoov Kai inrpcoaKov. Oi S' 
d7TLo~^o(f)vXaKe$ twv 'EWrjvwv eiraayov fiev KaK&s, dvreiroi- 
ovv he ovhev • oi re yap Kprjres ftpa^vrepa rcbv Ilepcrcov ero- 
£evov Kal cifia ^frcXol ovre? ecaco rcbv ottXcov KareKeKXecvro ■ ot 
re aKOvncrral /3pa^vrepa rjKovn^ov, t) o>? e^LKvela^ai t&v 
ccfievhovrjToov. 8. *E/c tovtov aevocfxtivn, ehoKec hccoKreov 
elvau ■ Kal ehicoKov rcov re ottXlt&v Kal rcov ireXracrToov ot 
ervxpv avv avrco oTna^o^vXaKovvres ■ htcoKOvres he ovheva 
KaTeXdfij3avov rciov TToXepttcov, 9. Ovre yap iirirels rjaav rot? 
"EXXrjcnv ovre oi Tretpl rou? ire^ov? ck ttoXXov (pevyovra? 
ehvvavro KaraXafjLfidveiv iv oXiyco ycopico • ttoXv yap ov% 
olbv re rjv dirb rod aXXov o-rparev/xaro^ htcoKetv. 10. Oi he 
fidpftapot iirrrels Kal (fievyovres dfia irirpcocrKov els tovttc- 
cr^ev ro^evovre? dirb rcov Xttitchv • oiroaov he irpoht^etav oi 
r, EXXr}V€$, tocfovtov rrdXiv iiravay&peZv fia^opLevovs ehet. 
11. "flare tj}? rjfiepas oXtjs hirjX&ov ov irXeov nrevre Kal etKO- 
at arahiwv, dXXa hei\7]$ d<pLKOvro el$ Ta? Kcoptas. i! Ev^a hrj 
irdXtv d^v/jbla rjv» Kal Xetpiaocftos Kal oi 7rpea/3vraT0t t&v 
arparrjycbv aevocfycovra rjrtcbvTO on ihiwKev curb r?}? (fidXay- 
yos Kal at/To? re eKtvhvveve Kal rovs iroXe^iov^ ovhev fiaXXov 
ihvvaro ftXaiTTeiv. 

12. 'AKovaas he 6 ttevocpcbv eXeyev on op^sw yncovro Kal 
avrb to epyov avrols fiaprvpoir]. 'AXX* eyco. e(f)7] } rjvayKa- 
a^rjv hicoKecVj iirechi] ecopcov rjfia? iv t&5 fievetv KaKcos fiev i?d- 
uyovTaS) avTCiroceiv S' ovhev hwajievovs. 13. ^Eirethrj he 
ehicoKOfjLev, akrfbf}, ecjnj. v/iecs Xeyere* KaKcos fiev yap iroielv 
ovhev fiaXXov ihvvdfie^a tovs TroXepiiovs, dve^copovfiev he 
irdvv yaXeTrS}$. 14. Tol$ ovv ^eot$ ^apt? on ov avv ttoXXtj 
pco/xr] dXXd avv oXcyoc^ rjX^ov ■ ware fiXdyfrai, fxev firj /xeyd- 
Xa, hr]Xcocrat Se ? oov heopie^a. 15. Nvv yap oi fiev TroXefiLOL 



80 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Totjevovai zeal afyevSovwaiv oaov ovre ol Kprjre? dvTiTot-eveiv 
SvvavTai ovre ol etc ^etpb^ /3dXXovTe$ e^iKvela^ai ■ orav Se 
avrovs Scco/ccofiev^ 7ro\v fiev ov^ olov re ^copiov dirb tov <TTpa- 

TeVjJLCLTOS $l(DK€LV, €V oXiyCO Se Ov8' €L Ta^pS €17) 776^0? 7T6^0U 

av Slcdkcdv /cara\d/3oi i/c to^ov pvfiaTos. 16. r Hfiei<? ovv el 
fieXXofiev tovtovs elpyeiv coare fir) Svvaa^au fSXdiTTeiv rj/ids 
iropevofievovs, acfievSovrjToov re rr)v ra^Larrjv Set koX hrireccv. 
*A/covo) S' elvat ev tg3 arparevfiarc rjficov c Po8lovs, gov tovs 
ttoXXovs <j)acnv eiricTTaaiiai acfievSovav, fcal to {3eXo$ avrcov 
fcal SufXaaiov (jxspea^cu tgov TJepatfcoov acfievSovojv. 17. 'E/cet- 
vai yap, Sid to ^eipoirXrf^ecn tol? X/^ot? acfrevSovav eirl /3pa- 
yy e^ucvovvTdi • ol he ye 'PoSlol teal tois fio\v/38lo-tv enriaTav- 
tcli %pr)o*&ai. 18. *Hv ovv avTcov eiUGKetyoo fiesta rive? 
TreiravTCLL cr<fiev86va<z, teal tovtojv tgj fiev Soifiev avTOJV dpyv- 
ptov, tc3 Se dXXas irXetceiv e^eXovTL dXXo dpyvpiov TeXoofiev, 
teal rep acf^evSovav evTeTayfievco e^eXovTi dXXrjv Tivd aTekeiav 
euplcTKCo/JLeVy taro? Tives (pavovvTat l/cavol rjficis oxpeXetv. 19, 
*OpG0 Se koX lttttovs ovTas ev to) GTparevfiaTi, tov? fiev Tivas 
Trap ifiol, tovs Se Top KXedpyjp KaTaXeXeififievovs ■ ttoXXov? 
he koX dXXov? afy/iaXeoTOvs atcevocpopovvTas. *Av ovv tov- 
tovs irdvTas e/cXet;avTe$ a/cevo^opa fiev dvTiScofiev, tov? Se 
Ilttttovs eh linreas tcaTaa/cevdcrcDfiev, IVco? koX ovtol tl tov$ 
<j>evyovTa<? dvidcrovaiv. 20. if E8o£e TavTa* /cat TavTrjs tt)? 
vvktos o-(f)ev8ovr]Tai fiev eh Sta/coo-lovs eyevovTO, Xttttol Se /cat 
lirirel^ eSoKLfidcr^rjcrav ttj vaTepaia eh TrevTrjtcovTa, teal cto- 
\d8e$ teal 3-copafces avTots €7roptcr^7]aav ■ koX %TTTrapyp<$ Se 
iTreaTaSr] Avklo$ 6 TIoXvaTpaTOV 'ASyvalos. 



CAP. IV. 

1. MeivavTes Se TavTrjv ttjv rj/iepav ttj aXXy enropevovTO 
TrpcoiaLTepov dvacrTavTe? • yapdSpav yap avTovs eSet Siaj3rj- 
vai e$> fj icjzofiovvTO fir) eiri&olvTo avTol? Siafiaivovaiv ol 
iro"Xefiioi. 2. AiafteftrjfcoaL Se avToh ttoXiv <\>aiveTai o 



LIB. III. CAT. IV. SI 

Mt&pi&dTrjs, excov lirirea^ j^\/ov?, Togoras Be Kal cr^evBovi^ 
Ta? et9 T€TpafacrxL\LOV<; ■ togovtovs yap jjrrjcre Tcaaacj^epvrjv 
Kal eXafiev, viTocr'Xp^evo^ av tovtov? Xdfiy irapaBcoaetv avrco 
T0U9 rf EXXr]va$, Karacppovrjaas, ore iv rfj irpoa&ev irpoa^o- 
Xfj oXiyovs e^oiv ^ 7ra ^ e ^ v ovBev, ttoXXo, Be Katca ivbyn^e 
TTOLijcrac. 3. \E7rel Be ol r/ EXXr]ve<? BiafieftTjKOTe? direlxpv 
r^9 %apaS/?^9 oaov otCTcb araSiovs, Biefiatve teal 6 Mi&piBd- 
T7)<$ e%cov Ti]v Bvvaficv. Ilapjp/yeXTo Be tcov re TreXraarwv 
0&9 eBet BtcoKetv zeal tcov ottXitcov, /cat to?9 hnrevcnv elprjTo 

SappOVCTl SlC0K€LV, 0)9 6(^6^0 fJL€V7]S IKavfj? Bwd/JLeCOS. 4. 

Eirel Be o Mi^ptBaTrj^ KaTecXfjcpec, Kal tjBtj afyevBovai Kal 
ro^evfiara igt/evovvro, icnj/irive to £9 "EXXrjcn rfj adXiriyyi, 
/cat evS-vs eS-eov o/iccre oU eipqro /cat ol fanrefe rjXavvov ■ ol 
Be ovfc eBe^avro, aXX' ecpevyov irrl tt)v x,apdBpav. 5. 'Ev 
Tavrrj ttj Bico^et tols /3apf3dpot$ tcov re 7re%cov dire&avov 
7roXXol /cat tcov lirirecov iv ttj yapdBpa foot iXrj<f)3~rjcrav eh 
oKToofcaiBeica ■ tou9 S' dnro&avbvTas; avTo/ceXevaTot ol "EXXrj- 
ves rjicicravTOy a>9 ore (f)o(3epcI)TaTov Toh iroXepbloi^ ecrj opav. 

6. Kal ol jjuev iroXefJUoc ovtco 7rpd£avTe<z dirrfK^ov * ol B 
r/ EXXr]ve<z dcrcfraXcos iropevbpuevoi to Xolttov t?J? r)fiepa<z, d<f)i- 
kovto iirl tov TtyprjTa iroTajiov. 7. 'EvTavQa ttoXi? rjv 
ip?]/A7], fxeydXi], ovofia $* avTjj rjv Adpccraa • ookovv 8* avT?]V 
to TraXacbv MrjBoi • tov Be Te/^01/9 r\v avTr/s to evpo? irevTe 
Kal ec/cocn vroBes, vyjros 8' etcaTOV ■ tov Be kvkXov r) 7reploBos 
Bvo Trapacrdyyai ■ ooKoBofjLrjTO Be ttXiv&ol<z /cepafitaLs • Kprjirls 
Be \nrqv XlQlvt], to i5i|ro9 eitcocn ttoBcov. 8. TavTrjv (Sacri- 
Xeu9 Ilepcrcov, OTe irapd MrjBcov tt)v dpyj^v iXafiffavov 
Uepaai, iroXiopKoov ovBevl Tpoiray eBvvaTo eXelv ■ tjXlov Be 
vecpeXrj irpoKaXv^raaa r)(f)dvLo~e, p,expc$ e^eXarov ol av&pooiroi, 
Kal ovtcds edXco. 9. Ilapd TavTrjv ti]v ttoXlv rjv irvpafil? 
XlQlvt), to jiev evpos evbs 7rXe9-pov, to Be v^o? Bvo irXe&pcov. 
'Eirl TavTTjs 7roXXol tcov ftapftdpcov rjcrav, eK tcov irXricriov 
Kco/icov diroirefyevyoTes. \ 

10. 'EvTevS-ev iiropev^rjcrav crra&fibv eva Trapacrdyyai e£ 
7rpo9 T€6^09 eprjfiov, fjueya, 7rpo9 ttj iroXei Keifievov ■ ovo/xa S' 



82 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

rjv Tjj iroXeu MecririXa ■ MrjBoo 8* avrrjv 7T0T€ cokovv. *Hv 
Be r) fiev Kprjirh XlSov %eaTov KoyxvXtaTov, to evpos irevrrj- 
kovtcl iroBcov /cal to {n|ro9 TrevTrjKOVTa, 11. *Eirl Be TavTy 

e7TCpKoB6fl7]TO irXlV&LVOV Tel^O?, TO fieV €VpO$ TreVTrj/COVTCt, 7TO- 

Bcov, to Be inJro9 efCdTov • tov Be kvkXov r) TrepioBos e£ irapa- 
adyyai. *EvTav&a eXeyeTo MrjBca yvvrj fiaaiXecos Kcurafyv- 
yelv, 0Te dircoXeaav ttjv apyrp viro Uepcrtov MrjBot. 12. 
TavT7]v Be Trjv ttoXlv iroXiopKcov 6 Uepcrtov fiacrtXev? ovk 
iBvvaro ovTe %pbv<o eXelv ovTe fiia • Zev<$ 8' ifi(3povTr}TOV<z 
Trotel tovs evoucovvTas, teal ovtco? edXco. 

13. 'EvTevS-ev B J eiropev^rfaav GTO&fibv eva irapacrdyya? 
T€TTapa$. Eh tovtov Be tov GTaS-fihv Ttcraacpepvrjs eVe^a- 
V7], oi!? re avTos iinrea^ rjX&ev e%cov /cal tt\v ^OpovTOV Bvva- 
jjbiv tov ttjv fiaaiXecos Qvyarepa eyovTos ical 01)9 Kvpos eycov 
dvefirj ftapftdpovs, /cal 01)9 6 ftaatXeco? aSe\(£o9 ^X (0V ftaccXei 
efiorj&ei, /cal 7rpo9 tovtols octovs fiacnXevs eBcoKev avTco* 
cocrTe to CTpaTevfia irdfiiroXv ecf>dvr]. 14. 'Eirel Be 6771)9 
eyeveTOy Ta9 fiev tcov Ta^ecov elyev oiricr&ev KaTao-Trjcras, t<z9 
Be eh tcl irXdyia Trapayaycov ififidXXeLV fiev ovk eToXfirjaev 
ovB' eftovXeTO Bia/civBvveveiv • acpevBovav Be iraprjyyeCke /cal 
To^evecv. 15. 'Eirel Be BcaTa^evTe^ oi 'PoBlol icrcpevBovr)- 
aav ical oi X/cv&ai To^oTab eTO^evcrav /cal ovBeh rjfidpTavev 
dvBpos, ovBe yap el irdvv TrpoQvfiolTo paBcov rjv, ical 6 TicTcra- 
<fiepvr}$ fidXa Taykcos e^co fieXcov direycopei ical at aXXao 
Tagec? aTreycoprjcrav. 16. Kal to Xolttov T779 rjfiepa? oi fiev 
eiropevovTO, oi S' eXirovTO • Kal ov/ceTL eaivovTO oi /3dp/3apoi 
Tjj tot€ dfcpo/3o\icret ■ fia/cpoTepov yap ol re 'PoBlol tcov 
Uepatov icr(j>evB6vo)v /cal tcov TrXeicrTcov to^ot&v. 17. Me- 
ydXa Be /cal tcl TO%a Ta TlepcrtKa eaTiv ■ coaTe ^prjcrijia rjv 
OTroaa dXiG/coiTo tcov TO^evfiaTcov tol$ Kprjert' Kal BteTeXovv 
Xpcbfjievoi, T0Z9 tcov 7roXefilcov TO^evfiaGL, Kal ifieXeTcov TC^ev- 
ew avco ievTe? fiaKpdv. EvpiaKeTO Be Kal vevpa iroXXa ev 
Tals Kcojiais Kal fjboXvfSBos, cocrTe xprja&ai, eh ra9 c(j>ev- 
B6va<z. 

18. Kal TavTjj fiev tjj r/fjiepa, eirel KaTecrTpaToireBevovTO 



LIB. III. CAP. IV. 33 

ol "EXXrjve? /ccbfiacs eirLTvyovTes, dirrjX&ov ol fidpftapot, 
fielov €%ovt€<; iv rfj rore afcpofidXlcrei • tt)v Be iiriovaav r)fAe- 
pav e/jiecvav ol r/ EXXrjve$ Kal iireaLTtaavTo • rjv yap iroXv? 
(titos iv rats fcclbfjLcus. Tf) B* varepala iiropevovTO Blcl tov 
ireBlov, Kal Tiacracfrepvr}? eXireTO afcpo/3o\L%6fJL€vo<z. 19. if Ev- 
$a Br) ol f/ EXXrjve<z eyvcoaav ore irXalcrLov laoirXevpov iro- 
vrjpd Ta%L<z elr) iroXepbicov eirofievcDV. 'AvdyKrj yap icrriv, rjv 
fjbev avy/cv7TTT) tcl KepaTa rov irXaLcrlov rj oBov arevcorepas 
overt}?, rj opecov dvayKaCpVToov rj yeepvpas, ifc3\l/3ecr$ai tov<? 
oifXiras koX iropevecr&aL nrovrjpooSy a[ia fiev irLetppLevovs, djia 
Be teal rapaTTOfjiivovs • oocrTe Bvcr^prjaTOVs elvat dvdy/crj drd- 
ktovs ovras. 20. (/ Orav 8' av Stacr^fj tcl KepaTa, dvdyfcrj 
StaaTracrQat tovs rore i/cS-XcftofjLevovs Kal Kevbv ytyveaS-ac to 
fiecrov tcov rcepaTcov teal d^vpelv tovs TavTa Trdcr^ovTas tcov 
7roXejJLi(tiV €iro/jL€va)v. Kal 6tt6t€ BeoL yecfrvpav BtajSalveLV Tj 
aXXrjv Tiva BtdftacrLV, ecnrevBev e/cacrTOS fiovXofievos <f)Sdcrai 
irpwTO^ • Kal everrlQeTov rjv ivTavSa tols 7roXe plots. 21. 
'Eirel Be TavTa eyvcocrav ol crTpaTrjyol, iiroLrjcravTO e£ X6%ov$ 
dva etcaTov avBpas Kal Xo^ayovs iirecrTrjaav Kal aXXowz 
7T€VTrjK0VTr)pas Kal aXXovs ivco/jLOTap^as. Ovtol Be iropevo- 
fievoi ol Xoyayol, oiroTe [iev crvyKvirTOC tcl KepaTa, vireybevov 
VGTepoL, &&T€ fir} ivofaelv tol$ Kepaat • tot€ Be irapr\yov 
e^co&ev tcov KepaTcov. 22. c Ott6t€ Be BLacr^oLev al irXevpal 
tov irXaLcrlov, to fiecrov dve^eTrlfiirXaaav, el fiev crTevcoTepov 
elr] to Bce^ov, KaTa X6%ov<; ■ el Be irXaTVTepov, KaTa irevTr)- 
kocttvs • el Be irdvv TrXaTv, kot evoofiOTLas * coaTe del eKirXe- 
cov elvat to jxecrov. 23. El Be Kal BLa/3alveLV tlvcl BeoL Sta- 
ftacrLV r) yecfzvpav, ovk eTapaTTOVTO, dXX* ev too fiepei ol 
Xo^ayol BteftaLVGV • Kal el irov Beov tl tt)s fydXayyos, eiTLTra- 
prjaav ovtol. Tovtoj Tap r poire? eiropev&rjcrav crraQfAovs 
TeTTapas. 

24. 'HvUa Be tov irepurTov eiropevovTO elBov (SaalXeLov 
tl Kal irepl avTo Kcofias TroXXds' Trjv Te 6Bbv 7rpo? to ^coplov 
tovto Blcl yrjXocjxtiv v-^rrjXdjv yLyvofievrjv, o? KaQrjKOV dirb tov 
opovs, vcj> c5 rjv KcofjLrj. Kal elBov fiev tovs yrjXofyovs acrfievov 



84: EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

ol f 'EXXr]ve$, co? elfcos, tcov 7roXefJblcov ovtcov lirireoov. 25. 
\E7rel Be 7ropev6fievot e/c tov nreBtov aveftTjaav eirl tov Trpco^ 
tov yrjXofyov teal KarefiaivoVy 009 eirl tov erepov avaftaiev, 
ivravBa eiriylyvovTai ol (3ap(3apoL koX airb tov vyfrrfKov eh 
to Trpaves efiaXXov, eacpevBovcov, ero^evov virb /jLaariycov 
26. teal ttoXXovs /caTeTLTpcocrKOV /cat ifcpdrrjaav tcov 'EXXtf- 
vcov yvfivrjTcov zeal KaTmXetaav avTov? eiaco tcov oirXcov 
coaTe TravTCLiracn TavTrjv ttjv rjfiepav a%pr}GTOi rjaav ev tco 
o^Xco 6We? teal ol a^>evhovr]TaL koX ol to%6tcli. 27. \E7rel Be 
TTie^o/jievoo ol "EXXqves irre^elpTjaav Bccb/cetv, or^oXy fxev eirl 

TO CLKpQV a<j)UCVOVVT(U OlfklTCLL 6Vt69 * ol Be TToXefJLLOL Tayy 

dveirrjBcov. 28. U&Xlv Be oiroTe airioiev 7r/)09 to aXXo crTpa- 
Tev/Jia, TavTa eiracr^ov • koX eirl tov BevTepov yrjX6cf)ov tclvtcl 
eylyveTO • cScttg cltto tov TpiTov yrfko^ov eBo^ev avToh jxy 
Kivelv Toh<$ GTpwTiooTas • irXrjv dirb t?}? Be%ia<z irXevpa? tov 
TrXaicriov avr\yayov TreXracTTas rrrpbs to 0/309. 29. ^Eirel B* 
ovtol eyevovTO virep tcov eiropbevcov TroXefxicov y oviceTi eireTi- 
QevTO ol iroXefitoL tol$ KCLTaftaivovai, BeBoitcoTes /jltj a7TOTfir]- 
3-ei7]crav fcal afi(f)OTepcoQev avTcov yevoivTO ol TroXe/JUOL. 30. 
Ovtco to Xoiirbv ttjs rjfjiepas iropevofjuevoi, ol jiev Ty bhco kcltcl 
tou9 yrjXocpovs, ol Be kclto, to 0/309 eirnrapLovTes, afylicovTO 
eh Ta9 Koo[jLa$, koX laTpovs /caTeaTTjaav oktco • 7roXXol yap 
rjaav ol TeTpcofxevoi. 

31. 'EvTav&a efieivav rj/JLepa? Tpets koX tcov TeTpcofievcov 
eveica fcal a[xa eiriTYiBeia iroXKcu el%ov, aXevpa, olvov, fcpiQas 
Xinrois avjjb(3e[3\7)iJLeva<$ iroXXds. Tama Be crvvrjyfJLeva r\v tco 
got pair evovTi ttjs %copa<$. TeT&pTrj S' rjf^epa KaTafiaivovcnv 
eh to ireBlov, 32. 'Eirel Be KaTeXajSev avTovs Ttaaac^epvT]^ 
avv Ty Bvvdfiei, eBtBa^ev avTovs 7] avayicr) K,aTacncr)vr]Gai ov 
TrpcoTov elBov tccbfirjv teal fjuy TropeveaQat ctl fia%ofjLevovs • 
7roXXol yap rjcrav anrbiiaypi ol TeTpcofiivot, /cal ol eiceivovs 
fyepovTes Kal ol tcov cpepovTcov tcl 07rXa Be^d/xevoi. 33. 
^Eirel Be Korea /crjvrfcrav fcal eire^eipriaav avToh a^poySoX/fe- 
cr&at ol fiapftapoi irpb? ttjv kco/jltjv irpocriovTes, ttoXv irepirj- 
aav ol "EXXrjves • ttoXv yap Biecpepov etc %co/?a9 opfjLtovTes 



LIB. III. CAP. IV. 85 

aXe%acr&at t) iropevoptevot eirtovcrt rots TroXepLiots pbd^ecrBat. 
34. 'Hvl/ca S' rjv r)Br) BeiXr), copa rjv dirtevat rots 7to\€/jllol^ • 
ovTTore yap fJbelov direarparorreBevovro ol (3dp(3apot rod 'EX- 
XrjvtKOV e^r\Kovra crraBicov, cpofiovfievot fir) t?}? vvktos ol 
"EXXrjves eirtQcovrai avTol?. 35. Uovrjpov yap vvktos ecrrt 
arpdrev/ia UepatKov. Ol re jap Xirrrot avroh BiBevrat koI 
a)? eirl to 7ro\v rreTroBtcTpbevot elcrl rod fir) cpevyetv eveica el 
Xv&etrjcrav ■ edv re rt$ &6pvj3o§ ylyvrirai, Bel eiricrd^at rbv 
L7T7T0V Uepcrrj dvSpi, /cal ^aXcvcocrat Set ko\ QcopaKtcrS-evra 
dvaftrjvat eirl rbv Iitttov. Tavra Be rrdvra ^aXeira rroielv 
vvfCTcap Kol Qopvftov ovros. Tovtov eveKa rrbppco direcrKr}- 
vow rcov *EXkr]vcov. 

36. "Eirel he eyl^/vcocTKOv avrov? ol "EXXrjve? fiovXofie- 
vovs dirtevat /cal SiayyeXXofievovs, e/c?]pv^e rot<z "EXXrjcrt 
Gvc/ceva^ecrS-aL aKOvovrcov rcov rroXepblcov. Kal yjpbvov fiev 
Tiva eirecr'Xpv rr)? iropeias ol (3dpj3apot, eiretSr) Be o^jre eyiyve- 
to, drrrjeaav ■ ov yap eSo/cec Xvetv avTGts vv/crbs iropevecrQat 
Kal /cardyecrQaL eirl to crrparbireBov. 37. ^EiretBr) Be cracpcos 
drrtovra^ rjSr) ecopcov ol "EXXrjves, eiropevovro Kal avrol dva- 
%ev£avTe$ y Kal BtrjXQov ocrov e^Kovra crraBiov? • Kal ylyverat 
rocrovrov fiera^v rcov crrparevfidrcov (bare rfj vorrepala ovk 
i(f>dv7}crav ol TroXe/itot ovBe rf) rptrrj • rfj Be rerdprrj vvktos 
7rpoeX$6vre$ KaraXa/i(3dvovcrt ycapiov virepBe^tov ol /3dpf3a- 
poc, fi efieXXov ol "EXXrives 7raptevat, aKpcovvyjav opovs, vcj) 
rjv r) Kardftacrts rjv eh to ireSiGV. 38. 'EireiSr) Be ecopa Xet- 
picrocpos rrpoKaretXr^fifiev^v rr)v aKpcovv^iav, KaXel Eevocfrcov- 
ra cxtto rr)<; ovpas Kal KeXevet Xaj36vra tov$ rreXracrra^ 
irapayevea^at eh to rrpocr&ev. 39. c O Be 'Sevocpcov tov$ fiev 
rreXracrra^ ovk rjyev • eiri^>aivb\ievov yap ecopa Tiacracf>epvr]v 
Kal to crrpdrevpLa irav • avrbs Be irpocreXdaa^ rjpcora • Ti 
KaXeh ; f O Be Xeyet avrco • 3f E^earcv bpav • TrpoKarelXiqiTTai 
yap rj/jLtv 6 virep rr)<; Kara/3 dcreco<; Xb<f)o$, Kal ovk eerri rrapeX- 
3-etv, el fir) tovtovs diroKO'^rofiev. 'AXXa, rl ovk r)ye<z rou? 
ireXracTTd^ ; 4:0. *0 Be Xeyet ort ovk eSoKet avrco eprjfia 
KaraXtirelv ra oirta^ev rroXepbicov eirtc^atvojievcov. 'AXXa 



86 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

firjv &pa y, ecj)r], ftovXevea&ai, irws ti$ tov$ avBpas eureka 
diro tov Xo<fiov. 41. EvravQa aevocfroov opa tov opovs Trjv 
Kopvcftrjv virep avrov tov eavTcov arparevixaro^ ovaav, Kal 
diro Tavrrjs ecpoBov eirl tov Xocfrov ev&a rjaav ol iroXefivot, Kal 
Xeyec Kpartarov, & Xetptao^e, rjfjLtv ieaS-ai, o>? rd^taTa 
eirl to aKpov ■ rjv yap tovto Xd/3cofiev, ov BvvrjcrovTai fievecv 
ol virep ttjs oBov. 'AXX, el fiovXet, /live eirl t£> arparev- 
fiarL • iyco Be iQeXco iropevea&aL • el Be XPV% €i( >> ^opevov eirl 
to opos, eyeb Be fievco avTov. 42. *AWa BiBco/jlI croc, ecfrr) 6 
Xetptaocfios, oiroTepov fiovXec, eXecrBat. Elircov 6 'Sevocpcov 
otl veeoTepos ecrTLV, alpeliai iropeveaSat • KeXevei Be oi avfju- 
irey^ai diro tov crTOfiaTO^ avBpas ■ iiaKpav yap rjv diro ttj<$ 
ovpas Xafielv. 43. Kal 6 Xetplaocfios avfjure/JLirec tov$ diro 
tov GTOfiaTo? 7re\TacTTd$' eXa/3e Be tov$ /caTa /jiecrov tov 
irXatatov. SvveirecrBat 8' eKeXevaev ai>T<p Kal tou9 Tpia- 

KOGLOVS Ol)? aXJTOS €6%€ TCOV ilTiXeKTCOV 67T6 T& CTTOfJiaTL TOV 
TfkaiGTLOV. 

44. 'EvTevQev eiropevovTO &>9 eBvvavTO TayiGTa. Oc 8* 
eirl tov Xocpov iroXepnoL, &>9 evorjaav avTcov ttjv iropelav eirl 
to aKpov, ev&v<$ Kal avTol copfjurjaav dficXXacQai, eirl to 
aKpov. 45. Kal evTav&a iroXXrj jnev Kpavyr) r)v tov r EXXrj- 
vikov CTpaTevfjiaTos BiaKeXevo/jievcov tol$ eavT&v ■ iroXXrj Be 
Kpavyr] t&v dfi^l Ttaaa^epvrjv tol$ eavTwv BiaKeXevofievcov. 

46. Uevo^cov Be irapeXavvcov eirl tov Xititov irapeKeXeveTO • 
"AvBpes, vvv eirl Tr)v *EXXdBa vo/jbt^eTe dfjaXXaaS-at,, vvv irpbs 
tou? iralBa? Kal ra9 yvvatKas, vvv oXiyov TrovrjaavTes dfia^el 
Tr)v Xoiirr)v Tropevo-ofjLe&a. ScDTrjpcBas Be 6 Hikvcovlo? elirev 

47. Ovk ef ccrov, 3) 'Sevoc^oov, ea/iev • av fjuev yap i<f> Xttitov 
°XV> ^^ ^ %aXe7ra)s Ka/Jbvco Tr)v daTTiBa (frepwv, 48. Kal 09 
aKOvaa? TavTa KaTairr^Brjaa^ diro tov Xirirov, doQecTat avTov 
€K T779 ra^6ft)9 Kal Tr)v dairiBa d<fieX6fJievo$ a>9 iBvvaTO to- 
ytGTa, eiropeveTO. 'ETvyyave Be Kal QoopaKa e^cov tov lir- 
itckov &o-Te iirce^eTo. Kal T0Z9 p*ev efiirpocr&ev virdyeiv 
irapeKeXeveTO, to?9 Be oirtoS-ev, iraptevat, [jloXis eirojj,evoL<;. 
49. Ol S' dXXot CTpaTLooTat iralovcrc Kal fidXXovcrt, Kal Xot- 



LIB. III. CAP. V. g^ 

Bopovai tov ScoTTjpiSav, €(TT€ r/vdr/Kacrav \aj36vra ttjv acnri- 
Ba iropevea&ai. *0 Be dvaftds, eo)? fiev fido-i/ia rjv, eirl tov 
Xttitov rjyev ■ eirel Be a/Sara rjv, Kara\t7rcbv tov Xttttov ecnrev- 
Be Tre^fj, Kal (p&dvovaiv eirl tg3 a/cpcp yevbfievoi tou9 7ro\e- 

fALOVS. 

CAP. V. 

1. "EvSa Bv ol fiev fidpfiapoi aTpafyevTes efyevyov fj e/ca- 
(ttos iSvvaro' oi 8' "EWrjve? elyov to aicpov. Ol Be a/jL<f>l 
Tuo-G-a^epvrjv Kal 'Apcalov air ot pair 6 fiev ol aXXrjv 6Bbv <PX 0V ~ 
to • ol Be d/Mpl Xeiptcrocpov, fcaTafidvTe? els to nreBiov, ecrTpa- 
ToireBevcravTO ev kco/jltj fiecrTy 7roWcov dyaQoov. ^Hcrav Be 
Kal aXkat Kayfiai iroXkal ifX^peis 7ro\\cov dyaQcov ev tovtg> 
tw TreBtcx) irapd tov TcyprjTa iroTafiov. 2. 'HvUa S' rjv Bei- 
\t], e^airivr]^ ol iroXkfLioi iirKpalvovTat ev t£> ireBLu), Kal tcov 
*EX\,7]vg)v KaTeKotydv Ttvas tcov eaKeBacrpAvcov ev tw ireBtcp, 
KaSt dpirayrjv • Kal yap vo/ial 7roX\al /SocrKrj/idTcov Biaf3i(3a- 
^opLevac eh to irepav tov nroTafiov KaTeXrj^^rjcrav. 3. 'Ev- 
TavS-a Tio-aafyepvr)? Kal ol crvv avT(p Kaieiv eTre^elprjaav tcl$ 
Kcofias. Kal to)V \ EXXrjvcov fidXa rj^vjirjadv Tives, evvoovfie- 
voi fir) Ta eTTLTrjBeia, el Kaioiev, ovk eyoiev oiroQev Xafifid- 
vocev. 4. Kal ol fiev dfi<pl Xetplaocpov dirrjecrav eK tt)$ 
/3o7]3-eias ' 6 Be tievocficov iirei KaTefirj, irapeXavvwv tcls Ta- 
fe^9 rjviKa dirb T779 fiorjSeias dirrjvTrjaav ol r/ EXXr]ve<z eXeyev 
5. *OpaTe, £ avBpe? rr EX\rjve<;, vtpLevTa? ttjv yd>pav rjBrj 
rjfieTepav eivai ; a yap 6Ve eairevBovTO BteirpaTTOVTO, firj 
Kaieiv ttjv (SaaiXecos %ebpav, vvv avTol Kaiovaiv &>9 dXXo- 
Tpiav. 'AXXd edv ttov KaTaXlircoai ye avTots tcl eiriT^Beta, 
o-tyovTai Kal ?7/xa9 evTav&a Tropevofievovs. 6. 'AW\ & Xet- 
plcro(f)e, ecj)7], BoKel fxoi /3o7]S-ecv eirl tov$ KalovTa? a>9 VTrep 
t?}9 rjpbeTepas. c O Be XeLplaocfros elirev Ovkovv epiotye 
BoKel ' dXkd Kal rjfMels, efyrj, Kaicopbev, Kal ovtco &&ttov irav- 



aovTac 



T. JE7T€6 K eirl ra9 crKTjva^ dTrrfK&ov, ol fiev aKkoi irepv 



88 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

rob eTTLTTjheia rjaav, arpari^yol Be Kal Xo%ayol avvrjXQov. 
Kal ivravQa ttoXXt) diropia rjv. "Ev^ev fjuev yap opj] 
rjv vTT6pvtyr)Xa y ev&ev Be 6 iroTajJbbs toctovtos to fidQos 
a>9 firjBe tcl Sopara virepeyeiv ireipcofievo^ tov /3a#ot>?. 
8. 'Airopov pivots Be avToh TrpoaeX&dov tl<$ dvrjp c P6Blo$ 
etirev • 'Eyco SeXa, & avBpes, Biaftiftdaai vfjuas Kara rerpa- 
kio~%lXlov<; oirXiTas, av ijmol &v Beofiat VTrrjperrjcrrjTe Kal 

TOkaVTOV jJLLG&OV 7T0pl(T7]T€. 9. ' E p(DTC0fJL€VO5 Be OTOV BeOCTO, 

'Aaic&v, ecj)7], Bco")/lXlcov Berjaofxai • iroXXa Be 6pS> ravra irpo- 
/3ara teal alyas fcal /3o0<? Kal 6vov$, a airoBapevra Kal <j)VG~7)- 
Sevra pqBicos av irape^oi ttjv Bidftaaiv. 10. Aerjaofxav Be 
Kal tS)v BecTfioov oh ^prjer^e irepl ra vTro^vyia • tovtols £eu- 
£a9 tov$ ao-KOV? 7rpo9 dXXrjXovs, opfjuicras eKaarov daKov 
Xi&ovs dprrjcra<; koX defreh wenrep dyKvpas, eh to vBcop Be 
dyaycov Kal d/jL<fioTepcoQev Bijaas, e7ri/3aXco vXtjv Kal yr\v 
iirKpoprjcro}. 11. r/ Ort pev ovv ov KaTaBvaeaQe avTiKa fidXa 
eco-ecr&e • 7ra? yap da/ebs Bvo avBpas e^et tov fir} KaTaBvvai • 
ojcrTe Be fir) oXicr&dveiv rj vXtj Kal r) yrj cr^rjaei. 

12. 'AKOvaaat TavTa Toh crTpaTTjyoh to (lev ev^vfirjiia 
^apiev eBoKei elvat,, to Be epyov dBvvaTOV • rjaav yap oi kcq- 
XvaovTes irepav iroXXol iirnreh, ot evQvs Toh irpcoTois ovBev 
av eireTpeirov tovtodv iroielv. 13. 'EvTavSa ttjv fiev ucrre- 
paiav eiraveyjjdpovv eh TovfiiraXw [ff] 7rpbs BaftvXoova eh 
Ta$ dKavGTOVs Kcofias, KaTaKavcravTes ev&ev e^rjeaav • &ct€ 
oi iroXefiioi ov irpocrrfXavvov, dXXct eS-ecovTO Kal ofiotoi rjaav 
Qavfia^eiv ottoi iroTe TpefyovTai oi "EXkrjve? Kal tl iv vS> 
€%otev. 14. 'EvTavQa oi fiev aXkoL GTpaTi&Tai d/i^l to, 
i7TLT7]Beta rjaav oi Be aTpaTijyol Kal oi Xo^ayol irakiv 
o-vvrjXQov, Kal crvvayayovTes tov? al^/jbaXcoTOV^ rjXey^ov ttjv 
kvkXw iracrav %ccpav Th eKaaTr] ecrj. 15. Oi B? eXeyov otl 
tcl fiev 7Tj0o? pLearjjjb^plav ttjs eirl BaftvXcova ecrj Kal MrjBlav, 
o^ rjcT7rep rjKoiev r) be irpos eco eiri 2,ovaa re Kai hiKpaTava 
(pepoty ev&a 9-epi^ecv Kal eapi^eiv XeyeTai ftacrLXevs* r) Be Bia- 
(SdvTi tov TTOTaybbv 7rpo9 ecrirepav e7rl AvBiav Kal 'Icovlav </>e- 
poi • r) Be Bca tcov opecov Kal 7rpbs apKTOV TeTpajJUfievr] otl eh 



LIB. III. CAP. V. 89 

KapBov%ov$ ayou. 16. Tovtovs S' ecfraaav oliceZv dva rd oprj 
ical TToXe/jLi/covs elvai /cal (3aaCX£oo<z ov/c dxovetv ■ dWd real 
ifi/3aXelv irore eh avrovs fiacrtXtfcyv crrparidv, BcoBexa /jlv- 
ptaSa? • rovrcov Be ovBeva diTovocrTrjcrat Bid rrjv Sva^coptav 
oirore fievroi irpbs top crarpdirr^v rbv ev rS TreBiop airei- 
ccllvto, real eiri^iyvvvai crfy&v re 7rpbs etcetvovs /cal ifcelvcov 
7rpo9 iavrovs. 

17. ' A/covcravres Be ravra ol (Trparrjyol ifcd&icrav %G>pl? 
tov<$ e/caara^oae (j)d<T/eovra<; elBevat, ovBev BtjXov ironqcravTes 
07rot iropeveaQaL e/xeWov. 'EBbfcec Be roh o-rparrjyoh dvay- 
kolov elvai Bed rcov opecov eh KapBov^ov^ ififidWeiv • rov- 
rov$ yap Bie\3-bvra<; etyacrav eh 'Ap/xevlav rj^eiv, rjs ^Opovra? 
rjpX 6 ttoXX^9 fcal evBalfiovos. 'EvrevS-ev Be eviropov ecpacrav 
elvai ottgl ti$ e&e\ei iropevecrQai. 18. \EttI tovtoc? iSv- 
aavro, O7TC0S, bir^vlfca fcal Bokoctj tt}? topas, rrjv iropeiav 
iroiolvTO ■ tt)v yap v7rep(3o\rjv rcov opecov iBeBoUecrav /irj 
7rpofcaTa\r}(j)&eL7) • /cal Traprjyyeikav, eireiBr) Beurvrjcreiav, 
avvecr/cevacr/jLevovs Trdvras dvairavea-^ai, ical eTrecr&ai rjvlfc 
dv Tt? irapayyeiXrj. 



90 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 



SENO^ONTOS 
KTPOT ANABAZEHZ J. 



CAP. I. 

1. r/ OHA fiev Br) ev rfj dvaftdcrei iyeveTO peyjpi rrjs fid- 
^779, kol ocra fiera rrjv l^d^v ev rat? cnrovBals a9 ftcKnXevs 
teal oi Gvv Kvpco dvafidvTes rf EKkr)ve<; eairelcravTo, ical ocra 
irapafiavTG? ra$ airovBds fia(Tike(D$ teal Tiaaacpepvovs e«7ro- 
\ejjbrj^7] 777209 tov? r 'EWr}va$ eiratcoXov&ovvTOS rod Uepcrucov 
crTparevfiaTos, ev tg> irpocr&ev Xoyqy BeSrjXcoTcu. 2. 'Eirel Be 
d(f>L/covro evSa 6 puev Tcyprjs 7rora/xo9 iravrdiratTiv airopos rjv 
Bed to /3d$o<; teal /Jieye&os, irdpoBos S' ov/c rjv, dXkd rd Kap- 
Bov^ca oprj drroTojia virep avrov tov iroTajiov eKpefiaro, 
eBo/cei Br) to £9 GTpaTrjyols Bid rcov opecov iropevreov elvcu. 3. 
"Htcovov yap t&v dXicr/cofievcov ore el BceXSotev rd KapBov- 
yia oprj, ev tjj ''Apjievia rd? irrjyds tov TiyprjTO? irorafiov, 
rjv fiev ftovXcovTCCL, BiaftrjcrovTai ■ rjv Be fir) fiovXeovrai, irepu- 
aai. Kal tov Evcfrpdrov re ra9 7rrjyd<z ekeyero ov Trpocrco 
tov TlyprjTOS elvac • /col eariv ovtco arevov. 4. Trjv 8' eh 
T0U9 KapBov%ov$ ejif3o\r)v 3)Be iroiovvraL, d/xa pkv Xa&eiv 
Treipdyjievoi, djxa Be (j>Bdcrai irplv tov? iroXejilovs fcara\a/3ecv 
rd dfepa. 5. ^EireiBr) rjv dficjyl rrjv reXevracav (f>v\afcrjv /cal 
ekeiireTo T779 vvktos octov cr/coraLovs BceXQeiv to 7reBiov, Trjvi- 
fcavTa dvacTTavTes dirb irapayyeKcreo)^ iropevbjievoi dfyiicvovv- 
tcli dfia tjj rjfjuepa 7rpb<z to 0/309. 6. "EvQa Br) Xetplcrocpos 
puev rjyecTO tov GTpaTevjiaTos Xafloov to d/icf) avTov teal tou9 



LIB. IV. CAP. I. 91 

yv/jLvrjras irdvras ■ ttevocjicbv Be crvv tols oirtcrQocfrvXafyv 
oirXlracs eXirero ovBeva ey&v yvfjbvrjra • ovBeU yap kivBuvos 
iBoKec elvai fjurj tls dvco iropevo/juevcov i/c rov oiricrQev eiri- 
airouro. 7. Kal eirl jjbev to a/cpov avafiaiveu Xeipicrofos irpiv 
Tiva alcrS-ecrSai rcov iroXefiicov ■ eiretra Be v^rjyelro • efyei- 
irero Be del to virep/3dXXov rov arparev/jLaro^ eh rds Kco/xas 
rd? ev roh ay/cecri re Kal /^v^oh rcov opecov. 

8. "Ev&a Br) oi [xev KapBovxoc eKXiirovre? rd$ olfc(a$ 
e^ovres Kal yvvaiKa? Kal iralBas ecf>evyov eirl tcl oprj • rd 8* 
eirirrjBeLa iroXXd rjv XajjL/3dveiv, rjcrav Be Kal yaXKcx^iacn 
ira/JLiroXXocs KarecrKevacr/JLevac at oiKiai, &v ovBev ecfrepov ol 
"EXXrjves • ovBe tovs dv&pcbirov<z eBicoKov, viro^eiBojievoi, ec 
7ra)? iQeXrjcreiav ol KapBov%ot Buevat avrovs o>9 Bed $iXia$ 
rr)<$ ^copas, eirelirep /3acnXe2 iroXe/bbtoc rjcrav. 9. Ta fievrot 
eirtrrjBeia orco tl$ eiriTvyyavoi eXdjifiavov ■ dvdyKr) yap r)v. 
01 Be KapBov^pi ovre koXovvtcov vit^kovov ovre aXXo tl 
<\>l\ikov ovBev eirotovv. 10. 'Eirel Be ol reXevraloc rcov C EX- 
Xttjvcov Kare/3acvov eh rd? Kcb/xas dirb rov aKpov r/Br) ctko- 
ralot,, (Bid yap to crrevrjv elvac rrjv 6Bbv oXtjv rrjv rjp,epav rj 
dvd$acri<; avroh iyevero Kal Kardfiacris eh rd$ Kcofjua?,) rore 
Br) crvXXeyevres roves rcov KapBov^cov rocs reXevraiois eire- 
S-evro, Kal direKrecvdv rtvas Kal X1S015 Kal ro^evpLaau Kare- 
rpcocrav, bXiyoi rcves ovres • e£ dirpoaBoKrjrov yap avroh 
iireirecre to 'EXXtjvlkov. 11. El fievroo rore irXelov? crvve- 
Xeyrjcrav, eKLvBvvevcrev dv BtacfrS-aprjvai iroXv rov crTparev\xa- 
T09. Kal ravrrjv fiev rrjv vvKra ovrco? ev rah Kcbfjeats tjvXl- 
crS-rjcrav • ol Be KapBov^oc irvpa TroXXd eKaiov kvkXco eirl 
tcjv opecov Kal crvvecopcov dXXrjXovs, 

12. "Afjba Be rfj rj/Jbepa crvveXQovcn, to 69 crrparrjyoh Kal Xo- 
%<zyot9 rebv c EXXi]vc0V eBo^e rcov re viro^vymv rd dvayKaia 
Kal Bwarcorara iropevecr^at e^ovras, KaraXiirovras rd dXXa, 
Kal oirocra r)v vecocrrl al^jjudXcora dvBpdiroBa ev rfj crrpana 
irdvra dipetvac. 13. HyoXaLav yap eiroiovv rrjv iropeiav 
iroXXd ovra rd viro^vyca Kal rd alyjiakcoTa • Kal iroXXol Be 
ol eirl tovtols ovres dirbyiaypi rjcrav ■ BiirXdcrid re rd eirirr)- 



92 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Beta eSec 7ropl%ea9-aL Kal cpepecrQaL 7roXXcov tcov avSpccircov 
ovtcov. A6%av Be ravra eKrjpv^av ovtco Troielv. 

14. 'Eirel Be apiarrjcravTes iiropevovTO, virodTavTe^ ev 
CTevco oi aTparrjyol el tl evpiaicoiev tcov elprj/Mevcov firj acpte- 
jievov acpypovvro ■ oi B? eirel^ovroy ttXtjv el rfc tl eKXetyev, 
olov rj TraiBbs eirL&v[irjcTa$ r) yvvattcbs tcov evirpeircov. Kal 
TavT7]v fiev tt)V rjfxepav ovtcos eiropev&rjcrav, tcl fiev tl fiayp- 
fievoL tc\ Be Kal dvairavofievoL. 15. Eh Be ttjv vcTTepaiav 
ryiyveTCLL yeLficov iroXvs, dvay/caiov S' rjv iropeveaBaL ■ ov yap 
rjv ifcava tcl iiTLTTjBeLa. Kal rjyeLTO fiev XeLptcrocpos, oitlct&o- 
<j>v\dfceL Be Bevocpcov. 16. Kal oi TroXe/iLOL icryvprn eVeTt- 
3-evTO, Kal (TTevcov ovtcov tcov ycoplcov iyyv? TrpocrLovTes 
eTo^evov Kal ecrcj>evB6vcov • coaTe rjvayKatpvTO oi r/ EXXrjve<? 
eiTLBLcoKOVTes Kal ttoKlv dvayaCpvTes cryoXfj iropevecQaL* Kal 
Sa/JLLva 7raprjyyeXXev 6 'Bevocjycov virofieveLV, ot€ oi iroXefiLOL 
Icrxypcos eirLKeoLVTo. 17. if Ev$a 6 Xeiplcrocpos aXXoTe fiev 
OTe irapeyyv&TO virefieve, tot€ Be ovy^ virefievev, cDOC rjye 
ra%eo)9 Kal iraprjyyva eirecr^aL • coaTe BfjXov rjv otl irpdyfid 
tl elrj • ayoXfj Be ovk rjv IBelv irapeX&ovTL to clitlov t?}? 
airovBrjS ■ coaTe rj iropela bfiola cpvyr)? eyiyveTO Toh ottlcfSo' 
cpvXa^L. 18. Kal evTavS-a diro^vrjaKeL dvrjp dya&bs AaKco- 
vlkos KXecbvvfJLOS To^evS-eh Blo, tyj^ daTrLBos Kal Tr)<; aToXdBo? 
eh ra? irXevpds, Kal Baala? 'ApKas BLafiirepes eh ttjv Kecf>a~ 
Xrjv. 19. 'Eirel Be dcj)LKOVTO eVl aTa&fiov, evQvs cocnrep 
elyev 6 Uevocpcov eXQcov 7rpo? tov XeLplaocpov tjtlclto avTov 
otl ov% virefieLvev, dXX* rjvayKa^ovTo cpevyovTes dfia fidyje- 
c&aL. Kal vvv Bvo KaXco Te Kaya&co avBpe TeQvaTov Kal 
qvt€ dveXea&aL ovt€ QdyJraL avTco iBwdfieSa. 20. ^AiroKpi- 
veTaL irpbs TavTa 6 XeLptcrocpos • BXeyjrov, ecpTj, irpbs tcl opt] 
Kal IBe a)? aftaTa irdvTa eaTu Mia Be avTTj 6S09 rjv opas 
6 pis la • Kal eirl TavTy avis pcoircov bpav e^eaTL <tol oyXov to- 
ctovtov, ol KaTeLXrjcpoTes cfrvXaTTOVGL ttjv ex/SacrLV. 21. Tav- 
Ta eyco eanrevBov Kal Bia tovto ae ov% VTrefxevoVy el 7rco<; Bv- 
valjiijv cpfodcraL irpiv KaTeLXr)cp&aL ttjv vTrepjUoXrjV ■ oi Be 
rjyefji6ve<; ov$ eypjiev ov c\>a<iLV elvaL akXrjv 6B6v. 22. c O Be 



LIB. IV. CAP. II. 93 

1 Uevocficov Xiyei • 'A XX,' iyoo e^co Svo dvSpa?. 'Eirel yap 
r)iuv 7rpdy/biara 7rapel^ov, ev7]$pevcra{iev, oirep rjfjicis Kal dva- 
TTvevaat eiroLTjae, Kal dTreKTeivapLev rcvas avr&v, Kal ffivras 
nrpov^v^rf^rjfjiev Xafteiv avrov tovtov eveicev oVco? rjye^oaiv 
elSoai tt)v x°*P av XPV cra ^/ jie ^ a " 

23. Kal ev^vs dyayovres tov$ dv^fpojirovs rjXeyxpv Sca- 
\aj36vT€s el rcva elhelev dXXrjv bhbv rj rrjv fyavepdv. f O fiev 
gvv erepos ovk e^rj Kal /xaXa ttoXX&v <f)6/3cov 7rpoarayofievcov 
eirel Se ovSev axpiXipiov eXeyev, dpoovro? tov erepov kclt€- 
acjydyrj. 24. c O Se Xot7rb<; eXeyev on ovtos fiev ov (jxilr) Sea 
ravra elSevai on avrco Tvyydvei ^vydrrjp i/cel Trap dvSpl 
itcBeSo/jievr) • avrbs 8* ecfrr] rjyrjo-ea^ai Svvarrjv Kal V7ro£vyloc<z 
TTopevea^at, bSbv. 25. 'EpcoTcopievos S' el elrj tl ev avrfj 
hvairdpLTOV %cDplov ^i>V &vai cucpov b el jultJ ti$ TrpoKaTaXr)- 
yfrocro dSvvarov eaea^ac 7rapeX^eLV. 26. J Evrav^a eSo/cei, 
avyfcaXeaavras Xo%ayov$ /cal 7reXraard^ Kal tcov ottXltcov 
Xeyecv re rd irapovra Kal epcorav el tl$ avroov eanv octtls 
dvrjp dyaOsbs e^eXoc av yeveo^ai dv Kal virocrTas e^eXovTr)<$ 
iropevea^ai. 27. 'TcfrlaTavTat, tgov /xev ottXltcov 'ApccTcovu- 
/jlo$ Me^vSpcev? 'Apxds teal ^Ayaaias £TVpL<f)dXLO<; 'ApKas, 
dvTia-TaciiaCpv he avrols KaXXipLa'xos TIappdacog 'ApKa? Kal 
ovros e<prj e^iXetv iropeveo^ai, 7TpoaXa/3cov e^eXovra? e.K irav- 
to$ tov arparevfiaro^. 'Eycb ydp, ecprj, olSa ore eyfrovTac 
ttoXXoI tcov vecov e/jiov rjyovfievov. 28. 'Ek tovtov epcoTwatv 
el tl$ Kal twv yvfjbvrjTCQV Ta^iapy&v e^seXoi avfjaropevea^au 
*T<j)LcrTaTai, " Apio-Teas Xto?, 09 TroXXa^pv ttoXXov al;LO$ tj) 
(TTpaTta eU Ta ToiavTa eyeveTo. 



CAP. II. 

1. Kal rjv fiev Sethi) 7/877, 01 8 eKeXevov avTOv? e/x<^a- 
yovTas 7ropevecr^ac Kal top rjyepbbva hrjaavTes 7rapaScS6acnv 
avTols * Kal crvvTL^evTat tt\v \±ev vvKTa, rjv Xd/3cocn to aKpov, 
to j((dpiov (f)vXdTTecv • dfia oe tj) r)pLepa ttj adXTrcyyc arj/jLai- 



94 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

vecv • Kal tovs fiev avco ovtcls ievac iirl tou? KaTeypvTas Trjv 
cfiavepdv €K/3aatv avrol Be avpc^orj^rjaecv e/cfiaivovre? o>? av 
BvvcovTac rdycara. 2. Tavra avv^epcevoc oi pcev eiropevovTO 
TrXrj^os o>9 Bccr^cXcoc ' Kal vBcop ttoXv rjv ig ovpavov ■ Hei/o- 
c/>wj> 8e €%cov tovs 67Tia^o(f)v\afca$ rjyecTO irpbs rrjv cpavepdv 
e/c/3acrcv, hirco? ravrrj rfj 6Bco oi TroXepccoc irpocreyocev tov vovv 
kcu a)? fidXia-ra Xd^ocev irepuovTes. 3. "Eirel Be rjaav eirl 
^apdBpa oi oirca^ocfivXaKe? rjv eBet Staftdvras 7rpo? to op^cov 
eK/Sacvecv, T7]vucavTa eKvXivBovv oi ftdpftapoc oXoiTpo^ov^ 
dfia^Lcdovs fcal pcec^ovs Kal eXaTTOv? [Xt^ou?], oc (pepo/jcevoc 
777309 tcls TreTpa? TrTaiovTes BceacpevBovcbvTO • Kal iravTarraacv 
ovBe ireXdaac olbv t rjv ttj elaoBco. 4c. if Evcoc Be tcov ^Xo^a- 
ycov, el per) TavTy BvvacvTo, aXXrj eirecpcovTO ' Kal TavTa 
eiroiovv fiexP °~ K ° T0< > eyeveTo. ''Eirel Be coovto defiavecs elvac 
dirtovTe^y TOTe dirrjh^ov eirl to Belirvov eTvyyavov Be Kal 
dvdpicTTOL ovTes avTcov oc 07rca^o(fivXaKrjaavTe$. Oi fievTot 
iroXepccoc, epoftovpeevoc BrjXov otc ovS* eiravaavTO Be bXrjs tt}? 
vvktos KvXivBovvTes tovs Xfoovs • TeKpLaipea^ac 8' rjv tco 
tyocjxp. 5. Oi Be e^ovTes top rjyejibva, kvkXco irepuovTes Ka- 
TaXapi/3dvouac tou9 cfivXaKa? dpeepe irvp KaSnrjpcevov? • Kal tov$ 
fiev KaraKavbvTes tovs Be KaTaBcco%avTe$ avTol ivTav^a epce- 
vov co? to aKpov KaTeyovTes. 6. Oi .8' ov KaTefyov, dXXa 
/jcaaTos rjv vrrep avTcov Trap* ov rjv rj aTevrj avTrj 6So? icj) fj 
eKa^rjVTO oc <fivXaKe$. ".Ec/>o8o9 pcevToc avTo^ev eirl tou? tto- 
Xepciovs rjv oc eVl tjj (pavepa 68a> eKa^rjvTO. 

7. Kal Trjv pcev vvKTa ivTav^a Bcrjyayov. 'Ewel Be rjpee- 
pa vTrecjzacvev erropevovTO crcyrj crvvTeTaypcevot eTrl tov$ 7roA,6- 
jucovs* Kal yap opbl^Xrj eyeveTO, coaTe eXa^ov iyyv$ irpocr- 
eX^oVre?. ''Eirel Be elBov dXXrjXovs, rj re aaXiriy^ eVec/^ey- 
%aTo Kal dXaXd£avTe$ oi "EXXrjves cevTO eirl tov$ dv'&pcb- 
ttovs • oi 8* ovk iBegavTO, dXXcc XcirovTe? ttjv bBbv <j>evyovTe$ 
oXcyoc d-Tre^vrjcTKOv • ev^covot yap rjaav. 8. Oi 8' dpc^l 
Xecpccofov aKovaavTes tt}? crdXTnyyos exfevs cevTO avco KaTa 
T7]V (pavepav 6B6v • aXXoc Be tcov aTpaTrjycov KaTa aTpifieZ? 
oBovs eiropevovTO fj gtv%qv eKacrTOL SvTes, Kal dvafidvTe? a>9 



LIB. IV. CAP. II. 95 

iSvvavro dvificov dXXijXovs rol$ Sopacn. 9. Kal ovrot irpco- 
tol avve/jutjap rots irpoKaTaXafiovcn to ycopiov* > Bevocf>cov Se, 
eycov tcov oina^ocpvXdKcov tou? fjfiicreis, eiropevero yirep oi 
tov r)yefiova e^ovTes ■ evoScordrr) yap rjv to£? vTroQjyiois ■ 
tov$ S' rjfiiaei^ OTTto^ev tcov viro^vylcov eTa^e. 10. Ilopevo- 
fievoi S' evTvyydv oval Xocpco virep rijs 68ov KaTetXrj/jL/jLevcp virb 
tcov iroXepbicov, ou? r) diroKo-^rai rjv dvdyKrj r) Sie^evyfirac curb 
tcov aXXcov 'EXXrjvcov. Kal avTol /xev av eTropev^rjaav fjirep 
oi aXXoi ■ tcl 8* VTrotyyia oxjk rjv aXXrj r) TavTrj ifc/3r)vat. 11. 
"Ev^a Srj TrapaKeXevcrdjxevoi dXX?jXoi$ 7Tpoa/3dXXovaL TTpbs 
tov Xocpov op^ioLS tol<; Xcr^ot?, ov kvkXco d\\d KaTa\t7r6vT€$ 
dcjyoSov toIs TToXefjLLOLSi el j3ovXoiVTO cpevyeiv. 12. Kal Teco? 
jxev avTovs ava(3aivovTa$ oittj ehvvavTo e/cacTTO<z oi fidpftapoc 
iTo^evov Kal efiaXXov, iyyi/s 8' ov TrpoatevTo^ dXXa cpvyfj 
Xeiirovcri to yjopiov. Kal tovtov T6 7rapeXrjXv^eaav oi r/ EX- 

X7]V€S Kal €T6pOV OpCOCTiV €jJLTTpQCT^€V X6(f)0V KaTeyOJXeVOV, ilTL 

tovtov av^cs eSoKet Tropevea^sai. 13. 'Evvoijcras S' 6 Hez>o- 
cficov jjltj el eprjpbov KaTaXeLiroi tov rjXcoKOTa Xocpov, Kal TrdXiv 
XafiovTes oi TroXefxioi eirfeolvTO toU viro^vyiot^ Traptovcnv, 
(iirl 7roXv Be rjv Ta virotyyia &Te Sid GTevrjs ttjs 6Sov rrropevo- 
/leva.) KaTaXeliret enrl tov Xocf)ov Xo^ayovs Krjc^iaohcopov 

Kr}(f)LO-O(fic0VT0S * A^S7)Val0V Kal 'AfMpLKpaTTjV 'A/jLcfciS/jflOV \4^- 

Svalov Kal ' ' Apyaybpav 'Apyelov cpvydSa • avTos Se avv toc$ 
Xocttols eiropeveTO eirl tov hevTepov Xocfiov, Kal tco avTco Tpb- 
ttco Kal tovtov alpovaiv. 14. "Em 8 avTols TpiTos fiaaTos 
Xot7ro? rjv 7roXv op^LCDTaTos 6 virep ttjs eirl tco irvpi KaTaXrj- 
(\&elarj<; cfivXaKrjs tt}? vvktos vtto tcov e^eXovTcov. 15. *Eirel 
S' iyyvs eyevovTO oi "EXXrjves, XetTrovcnv oi ftdpftapoi d/ma- 
XT]tI tov fiaarTov ' coaTe ^avpLacTTov iracTL yevecfhai Kal vttco- 
TTTevov heiaavTas avTovs fir) KVKXco^evTes TToXtopKolvTo diroXi- 
ireiv. 01 he dpa dirb tov aKpov Ko^sopcovTes Ta oTncr^ev 
yiyvb\xeva TrdvTes eirl tov<; oirca^ocpvXaKa^ i^copovv. 

16. Kal zievocficov fiev avv toIs vecoTaTOi^ dvef3aivev eVl 
to aKpov, tovs o° aXXov? eKeXevcrev virdyecv, ottcos oi TeXev- 
Taloi Xbypi Trpocrp,i^eiav ■ Kal TrpoeX^ovTas KaTa ttjv 6Sbv ev 



96 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

rco o/maXcp ^ea^ai rd orrXa elirev. 17. Kal iv rovrco rco %po- 
vco rjX^ev "Ap^ayopas 6 'Apyeto? 7recpevycb<z Kal Xeyet <&? 
aTreKOTTTjaav drrb rov rrpcorov Xocpov Kal on re^vdcrc Krjcpiao- 
Bcopo? Kal 'AficpCKparT]? Kal aXXot ocroc fir) aXXopuevot Kara 
rr)s rrerpas 7rpo? rov<z 07rta^0(j>vXaKa^ dcpUovro. 18. Tavra 
Be Btairpa^dfievoL oi fidpfiapou t)kov err dvrirropov Xocpov rco 
pbaarco* Kal Uevocpcov BceXeyero avrols Be ep/urjvecos irepl 
crirovBcov Kal rov? veKpov? diryrev. 19. Oi 8* ecpacrav diroBco- 
creiv icf) co fjit) Kaieiv ra? Kco/mas. ^vvcofioXoyei ravra 6 tHevo- 
epeov. 'Ev co Be to (juev aXXo arpdrevpia Trapyei, oi Be ravra 
BieXe'yovro, rrdvres ot eK rovrov rov roirov avveppvrjaav ivrav- 
^a Laravro oi rroXe/JLCOi. 20. Kal e7rel rjp^avro Karaftaiveiv 
dirb rov fiaarov rrpbs rov<; aXXovs ev^na rd oirXa eKetvro, 
cevro By oi rroXepaoi iroXXco nrXrfbei Kal ^opvftco* Kal iwel 
iyevovro irrl tt}? Kopvcf>rj<; rod fxacrrov dcf> ov tzevocfrcov Kare- 
fiaivev, eKvXivBovv rrerpas ■ Kal evb$ fiev Karea^av rb CKeXos, 
'Eevocfrcovra Be 6 viraairtarr)^ eycov rrjv darrLBa aTreXirrev 
21. EvpiiXo^os Be Aovcrievs 'ApKas rrpoaeBpafiev avrco ottXi- 
rr}$) Kal irpb dfi^olv 7rpo(3el3Xr)/jLevos dire^copet, Kal oi aXXot, 
Trpo? row Gwrerayiievovs a7rr)X^ov. 

22. *Ek Be rovrov rrdv 6/jlov iyevero rb r EXXr]vcK6v f Kal 
ea-Krjvrjaav avrov iv rroXXals Kal KaXats OLKLat<; Kal irrtrrjBeL- 
06? BayJrtXecrt • Kal yap olvos rroXvs r)v : bv iv Xukkois Koviarol^ 
elypv. 23. Eevocpcov Be Kal Xetpiaocfios Bieirpa^avro ware 
Xaj36vre<$ rovs vexpovs drreBocrav rbv rjye/jcova • Kal irdvra 
iirotrjaav rol<? drro^avovcriv iK rcov Bvvarcov coarrep vofii^erai 
dvBpdaiv dya^ots. 24. Tfj S* varepaia dvev i)ye/jL6vo<z eVo- 
pevovro* /na^o/jLevoL 8' oi 7roXe/jLtoc Kal orrrj ecrj arevbv ^coptov 
7rpoKaraXafi(3dvovre<; iKcoXvov ras irapoBovs. 25. ^Orrore 
fiev ovv rov? rrpcorovs KcoXvotev, 'Eevofy&v oma^ev iKflalvcov 
7rpo9 rd oprj eXve rrjv drrofypa^iv rrjs rrapoBov rocs rrpaorois 
dvcorepco rreipdopLevos ylyvea^ai rcov kcoXvovtcdv • 26. birore 
Be rol<$ oiriG^ev irrfeolvrOi XeipLcocftos iK/3atvcov Kal ireipca- 
/jievos dvcorepco yiyvecr^ai rcov kcoXvovtcov eXve rrjv aTrocfrpa- 
%iv rr)s rrapoBov rols oirtcr^ev. Kal del o{Jto)? ifiorj^ovv 



LIB. IV. CAP. III. 97 

dXXrfXocs teal la^ypoos dXXtfkoov eireneXovro. 27. *Hv he ical 
birore avrols rocs ava(3aai TroXXa irpdy\iara rrapel^ov ol 
/3dp/3apoc rrdXtv icaraj3aLvovcnv ■ iXatppol yap rjaav boare ical 
iyyv^ev cfcevyovres drrotpeuyecv • ovhev yap elyov dXXo fj rb%a 
/cat atyevhbvas. 28. ""Apcaroc he ro^brac rjaav el^ov he rb^a 
iyyvs rpLTrfyr], rd he ro^ev/xara rrXeov rj hiirrj'^ri • elXicov he 
Ta? vevpds oirore rotjevoiev 7rpo$ to Karoo rod rb^ou rep dpi- 
arepop rrohl rrpoo-fiaivovres. Ta he ro^ev/xara eyuopei Sod roov 
dcrrrlhoov ical hid roov ^oopdicoov i^poovro he avrols ol ''EXXrj- 
ve$ eirel Xd/3otev dtcovriots ivaytcvXcovres. 'Ev tovtol? toi$ 
^(ooplots ol Kprjre? ^prjcrt/jLcoraroi iyevovro* rjpx e &e avrbbv 
^rparofcXrjS Kprjs. 



CAP. III. 

1. Tavrrjv S' av ttjv rj/xepav rjvXta^rjaav iv reus icoo/iai? 
rats virep rod nrehiov rod rrapd rov Kevrplrrjv rrorafibv, 
evpos a)? hlirXe^ pov : 8? bpi^eu rrjv 'Ap/xeviav koI rrjv roov 
Kaphov^oov yoopav ■ teal ol "EXXrjve? ivrav^a dveiravcravro 
dcrfievoc Ihovres irehiov ■ direl^e he roov bpieov 6 rrorafibs oo$ 
e£ i) eirrd ardhta ro)V Kaphov^oov. 2. Tore Liev ovv tjvXl- 
a^srjaav fxdXa r)heoo$ teal rd einrrjheia e^ovres ical rroXXd roov 
irapeXrfkv^broov nrovoov fivrj/xovevovres. 'Errrd yap rjfiepas 
oaaairep eTropexferjcrav hid roov Kaphov^oov Trdaas Lia^oLievoc 
hieriXecrav, /cal eira^ov icatcd 6o~a ovhe rd avparavra virb 
ftaGiXeoos koI Tcaaacpepvovs, f /2? ovv dirrjXXay [levoi rovroov 
rjheoos eicoiLirf$T)Gav. 

3. "A pa he rfj rjpepa bpbocnv Irnreas nrov rrepav rod rrora- 
fjiov e%ooirXiGLievov$ co? tcooXvaovras hiafiaiveiv • rre&vs S' errl 
rats b^ats rraparerayiievovs dvoo roov Inrreoov ob$ tcooXvcrov- 
ra$ els rrjv 'Appeviav i/cf3alvecv. 4. ^Hcrav he ovroi 'Opbvrov 
Kai Aprovyov ^Ap/ievioc /cat Maphbvtoc ical XaXhaiot pao^o- 
(f)6poi. 9 EXeyovro he ol XaXhaloc iXev^epol re ical dXiccfioc 
etvai 9 oTrXa 8* el^ov yeppa fiaicpd ical Xoy^as. 5. Al he 
5 



i_ 



98 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

oyfocu avrai i(f> 3)V rraparerayiievoi ovrot rjaav rpia rj Terra- 
pa irXe^rpa dirb rod irorafiov direl^ov* 6So? he /ula rj opcofievrj 
rjv ay ova a avco coaTrep ^eiporrolrjros • ravrrj iireiptovro hia- 
ftaiveiv oi "EXXrjves. 6. \E7rel he ireipcofievoLS ro re vhcop 
virep rcov fiaarcov i(paivero, ical rpa^vs r)v 6 irorapLos fieyd- 
Xois X foots teal oXta^Tjpots, /cal ovre iv tg3 vhari ra oirXa rjv 
eyetv • el he fir}, rjpira^ev 6 rrorajxbs • eiri re rrjs Ke^aXrjs ra 
birXa el rts (f>epot, yvpjvol iylyvovro 7rpb$ ra ro^ev/iara Kal 
ra aXXa /3eXr) • dve^coprjaav ovv /cal avrov iarparoTrehev- 
aavro irapa rbv irorafiov. 

7. "Ev^a he avrol rrjv irpoo^ev vvKra rjaav iwl rov 
opovs ecopcov rovs Kaphov^ovs t 7roXXov$ avvetXeyfievovs avv 
rots ottXols. 'Evraxfea hr) rroXXr) cfovfiia rjv rocs "EXXrjcriv, 
opcoat fiev rov irorajxov rrjv hvairopiav^ bptoat Be rovs hta/3ai- 
vew KcoXvcrovras, opcoat, he rots hta/3aivovaiV iiriKeiaojievovs 
rov? Kaphoir%ov$ oTrta^ev. 8. Tavrrjv fxev ovv rrjv rjjiepav 
/cal rrjv vv/cra ejietvav iv ttoXXt) diropia ovres. aevocfrcov he 
ovap elhev • ehofjev iv 7rehai$ hehe'a^at, avrai he avrco avro- 
ixarov rreptppvrjvat^ ware Xv^rfjvat /cal hta/3a(vetv oirocrov 
iftovXero. 'Errel he op^rpos rjv ep^erat irpbs rov Xetpiaotfiov 
/cal Xeyet on eX/7r/Sa? eyei koXcos eaea^at • ical hirjyelrat 
avrai to ovap. 9. *0 he rjhero re /cal a>? rdyj,ara eco? vire- 
fyaivev i^vovro rrdvres irapovres oi arparrjyoL' /cat ra lepa 
KaXa rjv ev^vs iirl rov 7rp(orov. Kai dirtovres dirb r&v iepcov 
oi arparrjyol /cal Xo^ayol iraprjyyeXXov rfj crrpana apiaro- 
iroiela^aL. 10. 'Apicrrcovrt, he tw p,evo<f)6!)VTL irpoaerpej^ov 
hvo veavia/cco • fjheaav ydp irdvres ore itjelrj avrai /cat dpi- 
gt&vti /cal heiirvovvn 7rpoaeX^eLV /cal el Ka^evhoi iireyei" 
pavra elrrelv el rfa re e^ot rcov 7rpo? rov iroXefiov, 11. Kal 
rore eXeyov on rvy^dvocev (f>pvyava o-vXXeyovre? co? iirl 
irvp, Kaireira tcarlhoiev iv rto irepav iv it er pais /ca^Tj/covo-ais 
€7T avrov rov irorafibv yepovrd re /cal yvval/ca Kal Traihia/cas 
&cnrep fJLapaiirovs ipLarlayv /cararfeefjievovs iv rrerpa dvrpco- 
hei. 12. 'Xhovcri he ccfrtcn ho^at dafyaXes elvac hcaftrjvaL 
ovhe yap rocs iroXefiiois hnrevat 7rpoa/3arov elvac Kara rovro. 



LIB. IV. CAP. III. 99 

'EfcSvvres Be ecpacrav e^ovres tcl ey^eiplBLa yvpbvol o>9 vev- 
aovfievoL Sca/3aLV€LV ■ 7ropev6fi€voL Be irpoaQev hia^atvetv 
irplv ftpe^cu tcl aiBola ■ real Btafidvres Kal Xa/Sovre? tcl i/id- 
rca irakiv rjiceuv. 

13. EvS-vs ovv 6 ftevocpcov avros re ecrTrevBe Kal to £9 
veavicricois ey^elv eKekevae Kal ev%ecr&aL tol<? cprjvacrL $eot9 
rd re oveipara Kal tov irbpov Kal tcl \oara dyaBa eVn-eXe- 
(tcll. Xtreicras Be eiQvs rjye tov$ veavLcr/covs irapd tov Xei- 
ptcrocpov ■ Kal BiTjyovvTcu ravrd. 1-i. 'Afcovcras Be Kal 6 
XeipLO-ocjx)? cnrovBds eiroiei. STrelcravTes Be to £9 fiev aXXois 
iraprjyyeXkov avcr/cevd^eaS-ac, avTol Be crvyKaXetravTes tov$ 
(TTpaTTjyov? eftovXevovro 07Tg>9 dv KaKXiara Bta/3alev Kal 
tou9 re efi7rpoor3-ev VLKcoev Kal V7rb tcov oirLcr&ev pbrjBev ird- 
<ryoiev kclkov* 15. Kal eBo^ev avrols XeLpLcrocpov fiev rjyel- 
c-Qai Kal Biafialvecv eyovTa to rjinav tov crTpaTevfiaro^, to 
Be tj/jllctv vTTOfieveiv crvv aevocpcovTt ■ tcl Be virotyyia Kal tov 
o^\ov ev fjueacp tovtcov Btaf3alvecv. 16. 'Eirel Be koXco? 
tclvtcl el^ev eiropevovTO ■ rjyovvTO Be oi veavicrKOL ev dpiGTepd 

e^OZ/T69 TOV TTOTCLllQV 6So9 Be TjV eirl TTjV BldfiaCTlV 609 TeTTCC- 
p€9 CTTdBtOL. 

IT. Ilopevofievcov S' avTcov avTinraprjecrav ai Ta^eis tcov 
iirirecov. ^EiretBr] Be rjcrav Keurd ttjv Btd(3acrLV Kal tcls o%Qa<z 
TOV TTOTdfJLOV, eQevTo tcl SifKa, Kal <ZUT09 TrpcQTO? Xecpicro(f)0^ 
CTecfravcocrd/jLevos Kal diroBvs i\dfi/3ave tcl 07r\a Kal tol$ 
aWocs TTctcrc TraptfyyeXke • Kal tou9 \o-%ayov<z eKekevev dyew 
tou9 \6%ov$ op&lovs, tou9 fJiev ev dpLcnepa toi>9 Be ev Be%ta 
eavTOv. 18. Kal oi fiev fiavTets ea^aytd^ovTO eh tov ttoto- 
fiov • oi Be TToXepbtoi eTo^evov T€ Kal eo'c^evBovcov • dX)C ovirco 
e%LKvoi)VTO. 19. ''Eirel Be Ka\d rjv tcl ccfrdyia, eiraidviCpv 
irdvTes oi CTpaTLcoTaL Kal dvrjkdXa^ov ■ crvvco\6\v^ov Be Kal 
ai yvvaLKes diracrai. TIoXKal yap rjcrav eTalpai ev Top GTpa- 
TevfiaTL. 

20. Kal XeipLco<f)o$ fiev eve/3aLve Kal oi crvv iKeivop 6 Be 
'Eevocfrwv tcov OTTLcr^ocpvXdKcov \a(3cbv tou9 ev^covoTaTOVS eBeu 
ova KpaTO? ttclKlv eirl tov iropov tov KaTa ttjv eK$atriv ttjv 



100 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

eh tcl tcov 'Apfievtcov oprj • irpOGTroiovfJLevos TavTy $ui/3a$ 
airoicKeicretv tou9 irapd tov Trorafibv Irnreh. 21. 01 Be 
TToke/Moc bpcovTes fiev tgu9 afifyl Xeiplaocfrov evireT&s to 
vBcop Trepcovras, opcovre? Be tovs dficpl Uevo^covTa Seovras 
eh Tovfiirdktv, helaavres fir) aTroKkeicr^elrfcTav cfrevyovcrLV civd 
Kparos co? irpbs Tr)v cltto tov iroTafiov etcftacrLV dvco. Eirel 
Be Kara rrjv 6Bbv iyevovTO, ereivov dvco 7rpo9 to 6po9. 22. 
Avklos Be 6 ttjv rci^cv e%cov tcov lirirecov /cat AlcryLvr}<$ 6 tt\v 
Tci^iv e^cov tcov 7re\racTTcov tcov dficj)l Xeiplaofyov eVel eco- 
pcov civet icparos cpevy ovTas, elirovTO • ol Be arparccorao 
efiocov fir) ci7ro\eL'7rea^at aXka crvveKJBaiveLV eirl to opos. 
23. Xeipicrofyos K av eirel Bee/Si], tov? fiev lirirea^ ovk eBico- 
Kev 3 ev&vs Be kcltcX t<z9 7rpocrr)Kovcra<; o^$a9 irrl tov iroTafiov 
e£e{3cuvev eirl tov<z dvco rrroXeficovs. 01 Be dvco, opcovTe? fiev 
TOU9 eavTcov lirireas cfrevyovTas, opcovTes Be ottKltcis acj>cacv 
eiriovTas, eickeiTrovcn tc\ virep tov iroTafiov d/cpa. 

24:. 'Bevocj)cov Be eirel tc\ irepav ecopa tcakcos yiyvbfieva, 
cvrre^copeL ttjv TaylcTTriv 7rpo9 to Biaftalvov crTpcvrevfia • Kal 
yap ol KapBov^oi (fravepol tjBtj rjcrav eh to ireBlov KaTaftal- 
vovre<z C09 iirL^rjcrofievoL Toh Te\evTciioi$. 25. Kal Xeipicro- 
<£o9 fiev tcl dvco KaTel^e, Avklos Be avv oXiyots eiri^eiprjcra^ 
eTTiBicotjat eKafie tcov cr/cevocjiopcov tcl viroXeiirofieva Kal fierd 
tovtcov ecrQrJTa re Ka\r)v Kal eKirco{iaTa. 26. Kal tcl fiev 
<T/cevo(j)6pa tcov 'EXKrjvcov fcal 6 o^\o9 ctKfirjv Bieftaive • 
l Bevocf)cov Be aTpe^ra^ irpbs tov? KapBov^ovs civTia tcl oirka 
e&eTO • fcal nraprjyyeiXe Toh Xo^ayoh KaT evcofioTia<z itoiyj- 
aacrSac e/cacrrov tov eavTov \6%ov, 7rap* aairiBa^ irapaya- 
yovTas T7]v evcofiOTiav eirl cf)a\ayyo<; • teal tovs fiev \o-%ayov$ 
Kai tou9 evcoiLOTcipyjx^ irpbs tcov KapBov%cov levac, ovpayovs 
Be KaTacTTrjcracT&ai irpb? tov iroTapuov. 

27. Ol Be KapBov^oc o>9 ecopcov tov$ 67ricr§ocf)vkaica<$ tov 
b^Xov ^Ckovjievov? Kal oXlyovs 77S77 cpacvo/jievovs, ^clttov Br) 
eirrjecrav cpBci? Tiva<z aBovTes. c O Be Xeiplcrocfros, eTrel tcl 
irap avTco acrcpaXcos el^e, irefjareL irapd ittevGcfrcovTa tov<? 
TreXTacTTas Kal <rcf>evBovrjTa^ Kal To%OTa<$ Kal KeXevec iroielv 6 



LIB. IV. CAP. III. 101 

rc av TrapayyeWrj. 28. 'IBcov Be avrovs BiafiaivovTas 6 
Bevocpcov Tre/x^a? ciyyekov tceXeveo avTOv \xelvai eirl tov tto- 
rafjbov fir) BiafidvTas ■ orav 8' dp^covrac aural BcafiacveLv, 
evavTiovs evS-ev ical evS-ev crcpcov efifiaiveiv go? Bia^rjaofievov^, 
Bi7]y/cv\icr/jL6VOV^ tov? d/covTiCTTa^ ical eTTifteftXrjfjLevovs tov? 
to^otcls ■ fir) irpoaco Be tov iroTafiov irpojSaiveiv. 29. Tol? 
Be irap eavTco iraprjyyeiXev, eireiBav crcpevBovrj e^LKViirai /cal 
acnrU ^oftf), iraiaviGavTa^ 3-eiv del eh tovs TrdXefilov? • 
eireiBav Be dvaorrpeyfrcocrcv oi iroKefXiOi /cal etc tov irorajiov 6 
aa\7ny/CT7]<; arj/jbrjvr] to TroXe/xt/cov, dvaaTpe-^ravTO^ eirl Bopv 
rjyeloSat fiev tovs ovpayov?, &etv Be Trdvras ical Bcaf3aivecv 
otl rd^caTa y e/cacTTO$ tt)v rd^tv el^ev, a>? fir) epbTroBi^etv 
dXkrjXovs ■ otl outo9 apicrTOS ecroiTO o? av TrpcoTOS ev tco ire- 
pav yev7]Tat. 

30. Oi Be KapBov^oL opcovTe? 6\lyov$ rfBrj tovs \olttovs, 
TToXkol yap teal tcov fieveiv reTay/ievcov coy^ovTO eTTLfjLeXrjcTo- 
/levoL oi fiev vTro^vyicov, oi Be c/cevcov, oi Be eraipcov, evTavQa 
Br) eTreiceiVTO QpaaecDS fcal rjpyovTO crcpevBovav fcal ro^evetv. 
31. Oi Be r 'EXkr}ve$ TraiavtaavTe^ oipfirjcrav Bpo/xco hf av- 
tovs ' oi S' ovfc eBe^avTO ■ /cal yap rjcrav coifkLCTfJLevoL, co? fikv 
ev tois opecrtv, i/cavcos irpbs to eTrcBpa/JLecv /cal cfrevyeiv, 7rpo? 
Be to eh %e?pa? Be^eoSac ovy^ i/cavco$. 32. 'Ev tovtco cft]- 
fiaivei 6 craXTrcyfCTife ■ /cal oi fiev TroXeiiioi etfievyov tto\v eTC 
Sclttov ■ oi S' "EWrjves tcl evavria crTpe^jravTes ecpevyov Bca 
tov Trora/jLou otl TayiGTa. 33. Tcov Be TroXe/Jblcov oi fiev 
TLves alcrSo/jievoi ttcCKlv eBpa/iov iirl tov TTOTa/ibv /cal To^ev- 
ovTes oXiyovs erpcoaav • oi Be woXKol /cal Trepav ovrcov tcov 
'EWrjvcov eTt cpavepol rjcrav cpevyovTes. 34. Oi Be viravTiy 
cravTes dvBpL^ofievot /cal nrpoacoTepco tov /caipov irpoiovTes 
vaTepov tcov fjLeTa aevocpcbvTOS Biefirjaav tt6lKlv % ical eTpcoS-r]- 
adv TLves ica\ tovtcov. 



102 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 



CAP. IV. 

1. 'E7rel Be Btefirjcrav, avvra^dpLevoi dfi^t /xecrov r)jxepa$ 
eiropev^aav Bid t*)? 'Apfievias ireSlov dirav /cat Xetovs 777- 
\6<£ot/9 ov fielov 7] irevTe irapacrdyyas • ov yap rjaav eyyi)<$ 

TOV TTOTaflOV K&jJLCLL Bid TOU9 TToXifAOVS TOV$ 7T/509 TOU9 Kap- 

Bov^ovs. 2. Eh Be rjv dcfrl/covTO /cg)jjl7]v fieydXrj re rjv /cat 
fiacriXeiov el^e T(p aaTpdirrj, /cat eirt rah ifXeiarai^ ol/cta^ 
Tvpcrets eirrjaav, e7rLTrjBeta S' rjv Ba^riXrj. 3. ^EvTev&ev 8' 
eiropev^rjaav crraS-fJiovs Bvo irapacrdyyas Se/ca ^e^pt^ virep- 
r)X$ov ra$ Trrjyds tov TiyprjTOs irorajnov. 'EvTev&ev 8* 
eiropev&rjcrav araQfJiovs Tpeh irapaadyyas irevTe/caLBe/ca eirt 
tov TrjXe(36av Trora/iov. Ovtos S' rjv pbeya? fiev ov, /ca\b$ 
Be • Koyjiau Be iroXXat Treat tov iroTaphv rjcrav. 4. 'O Be to- 
7T09 o5to9 "Ap/juevta ifcaXeiTO rj 7rpo9 eenrepav. ^Tirap^o^ S' 
rjv avTrjs Trjptfia^os, /cat fiaaiXel cfriXos yevojxevo? • /cat 
oiroTe irapeirj, ovBeh dXXos (3ao~Ckea iirt tov Xttttov dvefiaX- 
Xev. 5. OSro9 irpoarfKaaev iirireas e%cov, /cat ir poire fJLyJra? 
epfjurjvea elirev on /3ovXoito SiaXejftrjvai Toh dpyovci, Toh 
Be CTpaTrjyoh eSo^ev dtcovaai • /cat irpocreX&ovTes eh eirrj- 
koov r/pcoTcov tl QeXoc. 6. • O Be elirev on cnreiaacr&ai /3ou- 
Xoito i<j> eo fMrjTe auro9 tov? "EXXrjvas dScfceiv /jbrjTe e/celvov? 
/caieiv ra9 ol/cias, XajijBdvetv T€ tcl eirLTrjBeia oacov BeotVTO. 
"EBc^e TavTa Toh CTpaTrjyoh /cat ecnrelaavTO eirt tovtois. 

7. 'EvTev&ev S' e7ropev§rjaav CTa^fiov^ Tpeh Bed ireSiov 
Trapaadyyas 7revTe/calBe/ca • /cat Trjpt/3a^o<; iraprj/coXov&et, 
e%cov ttjv eavTov Bvva/juv dire^cov a>9 Setca crTaBlov? * /cat 
d(f)L/covTO eh /3ao~lXeia /cat /cdofia^ irept^ nroXXas ttoXXcov tcov 
eTrtTrjBelcov /JLeo-Tas. 8. XTpaToireSevofievctiV K avTcov yiyve- 
Tai 7779 vvktos Xtcov iroXXrj • /cat ecoBev eBo^e Siao~/cr]vr)aai, 
ra9 Ta^ec? /cat tou9 o-TpaTrjyov? /carra Ta9 /ccbfjbas ■ ov yap 
ecopcov iroXefiiGV ovSeva /cat dcr<j)aXe<z eBo/cet elvat, Bca to TrXrj- 
$09 Tr)<; ^tovo^. 9. ^EvTav&a elyov irdvTa tcl eirtTrjBeLa oaa 
eanv dya&d, lepela, ctItov, oXvovs iraXaiovs evcoBeis, dcrTa<f)i- 



LIB. IV. CAP. IV. 103 

8a?> ocnrpca nravToBaird, Tcov Be dirocnceBavvviievcov rive? 
airo rod arparoiTehov eXeyov ore fcarlSocev crrpdrev/jia teal 
VVKTCOp 7ToXXd TCVpd (JXILVOCTO. 10. 'EBo/ceL Brj tols (TTparrj- 
70?? ovfc dcrcpaXes elvai Btacr/crjvovv, dXka crvvayayelv to 
arpdrevfjua irakiv. ^Evrev&ev crvvrjX&ov tcaX yap eBofcec 
ScacQpid^eLV. 11. Nv/CTepevovTcov S' avTcov ivrav&a ewc- 
TTLiTTei X L ^ V ^ 7r ^ eT0 ?> cocrre diretcpvtye fcal tcl oirXa teal tov$ 
dvS-payn-ovs KarafceLfievovs ■ /cat tcl viro^vyia crvveiroBiCTev r) 
Xicov • koI 7ro\i><; okvos rjv dvicTTacT&ai • KaTaKetjjLevcov yap 
dXeeivbv rjv r) x L <° v eTrLireirTcoKvla otco /jltj jrapappveir), 12. 
Eirel Be Uevocpcov eTokfjurjcre yvpLvbs cov dvacTTa? cryJX^ lv 
t;vXa, Ta^ ^ v dvacrTas T£? teal aXXos i/cewov dcfreXofievos 
ecrxicrev. 13. 'Etc Be tovtov tcaX oi ciXXol dvacrTavTes irvp 
e/catov fcal e^piovTo • ttqXv yap evTavS-a evpicriceTO yjpLo~iia, 
co expcovTo dvT eXalov, aveiov fcal arjcrd/jLLVOv fcal dfivyBaXi- 

VOV €fC TCOV TTLKpCOV koX T€pef3lV$LVOV. 'Ek Be TCOV avTcov 

tovtcov fcal fjivpov evpicr/ceTO. 

14. MeTa TavTa eBo/cet, irdXiv Btao~fer)vr)Teov elvai el<$ to,? 
/ceo/las et? <TTeyas. "EvSa Brj oi crTpaTLonat, avv TroXkfj 
/cpavyfj teal rjBovfj fjecrav eVl t<z? crTeya<z teal to, eTriTrjBeia • 
oaoi Be oTe to TrpoTepov dirrjeaav t&? olicias eveirprjaav virb 
777? al3-pla<z Bl/ctjv eBLBoaav tca/cco? crfcrjvovvTes. 15. 'EvTev- 
&ev eire^-^av tt}? vvktos Ar\\xoKpaTr\v TefxevLT^v avBpas Bov- 
re? eVl tcl oprjy ev$a ecpacrav oi dirocrKeBavvvfJLevQL fca&opav 
tcl irvpd • ovtos ydp iBo/cec koX irpoTepov iroXXa rjBrj aXrj&ev- 
crai TOLavTa, tcl ovtu Te o>? ovtu /cal tcl /jltj ovTa co? ov/c 
ovTa. 16. IIopev$els Be tcl jiev irvpd ov/c ecprj IBelv, dvBpa 
Be GvXXaficov rj/cev dycov e%ovTa to^ov UepaiKov /cat cpape- 
Tpav koX crdyapiv olavrrep koX al 'Ajiatyves exovcrtv. 17. 
EpcoTcofievos Be 7roSa7ro? €ltj, Uepcrr}? /jLev ecj>rj elvac, iropeve- 
cr&aL Be dirb tov Trjptftd&v aTpaTevfiaTo^, 07ra>? eTTLTrjBeia 
XaftoL. 01 $ ripcoTcov avTov to cTTpaTevfia ottoctov Te etrj 
Ka\ eirl tlvc crvveiXeyfievov. 18. f Q Be ec7rev oti Trjpifta&s 
eli) e'xcov tt]v Te eavTov Bvva\xLV teal fjLLG$o(f)6pov$ XdXv/3a<z 
Kal Taoxovs • irapeatcevacT&aL Be avTov ecprj co? eVl tt) virep- 



104 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

/3o\f) tov opovs iv rot? crrevoh §7rep jMova^r) ecr] iropeia, 
ivTavQa €7ri^r]a6/JL€VOV to £9 r 'EXkr)atv. 

19. *Afcovaacru rot? aTpaTrjyols ravra eBotje to arpdreV" 
fia avvayayelv • /cat ev&vs, fyvkafca? tcaraXiTrovTe? teal arpa- 

TTjJOV 67rl TO 69 [XeVOVOTL XotyalveTOV ^TV/JLcfrdXiOV, ilTOpeVOVTO, 

€%ovt€<; rjyefjiova top oKovtcl av&p(D7rov. 20. \E7raS77 Be 
vTrepefiaXkov tcl oprj, ol 7re\TacrTal irpolbvTe? Kal KaTiBbvTes 
to CTpaTOTreBov ov/c efieivav tol>9 oifKiTa^, cfiOC dvaKpaybv- 
T€9 e&eov iirl to CTpaTOireBov. 21. Ol Be fidpfiapoc d/cov- 
gclvt€$ top &bpv(3ov ov% v7refjLeivav, dX)C ecj>evyov ■ o/jlq)$ Be 
Kal dire^avbv Tives t&v /3ap/3dpcov • Kal Xttttol rfkcocrav eh 
e'cKoai, Kal r) a/crjvrj r) Trjpifid^ov eakco Kal iv amy KkLvai 
dpyvpbiroBes teal eKirdtpLaTa Kal ol dpTOKoirot Kal ol olvoyboi 
<j)dcr/covTes eivai. 22. ^Eirechr] Be eirv^ovTO TavTa ol twv 
ottKltwv cTpaTiyyoL, eBo/cet avTot? dmevai Trjv TayiGTr\v iirl 
to G-TpaToirehov, fjurj tls iiri&ecris yevoiTO toZs KaTaXeXeifipbe- 
vols. Kal evSiis dvaKaXecrdfjuevoL ttj adXTrtyyi, dirrjeaav Kal 
dfyiKOVTO avShj/JLepov iirl to crTpaTbireBov. 



CAP. V. 

1. Ty S' vaTepaiq iBoKet, iropevTeov eivai otttj BvvawTO 
TayicrTa, irplv rj avXKeyrjvac to arpaTevfia irakiv Kal Kara- 
\aj3elv tcl GTevd. Svcr/cevacrd/xevoL S' evS-vs iiropevovTO Bid 
yibvos 7roWr}$ rjye/jiovas e^ovTes iroWovs • Kal av&rj/jiepbv 
VTrepfiakovTes to d/cpov icf) <p efieXKev eTriTi&ea&ai Typlfta- 
£09 KCLTecrTpaTOTreBevcravTo. 2. 'EvTev&ev eiropevOh)crav gtcl- 
3-fiovs eprjixovs Tpels irapaadyyas 7revTefcatSefca iirl tov Ev- 
<j>pdT7)v TTOTa/JLOv, Kal Bte/3acvov avTov ^pe^bfievoi Trpb? tov 
bpL^aXov. 'EXeyovTO Be avTov al irrjyal ov irpoaco ewai. 3. 
'EvTevQev eiropevovTO Bed %lovo<; 7r6\\r}$ Kal ireBiov GTa- 
^/xou9 Tpels irapacrdyyas TrevTeKalBeKa. c O Be TpiTO? eye- 
veTO %a\eTrb$ Kal dve/juos fioppds evavTios eirvei, Travrdiracriv 
diroKamv irdvTa Kal 7T7]yvv<$ tou9 dv^pd>irov$. 4. "Ev^a Br) 



LIB. IV. CAP. V. 105 

tcov fiaVTecov T69 elire crcpayid^ecr&at, tco dvefico • /cal acpayid- 
%€TCU ■ /cal iracrt hrj Treptcpavcbs eho^e Xij^ac to yaXeirbv tov 
7rvevfiaT0<;. ^Hv he Tr)<? yjubvos to /3a^o? bpyvtd ■ cotTTe /cal 
tcov viro^vyicov /cal tcov dvhpairohcov TroWd dircoXeTo, /cal 

TCOV GTpOTlCOTCOV 0>9 TptdfCOVTCL. 5. AieyeVOVTO he TTJV VVfCTCL 

Trvp /calovTes • £v\a S' 7]v ev tco cTTaS/ico iroXkd • oi he o^e 
irpocriovTes %v\a ov/c el^ov. 01 ovv irdXac r/zcovTes /cal irvp 
/caiovTes ov irpoaiecrav irpbs to Trvp tov$ 6-tyi^ovTaSy el pir] 
fieTaholev avTocs irvpovs r) aXko tc cov eyoiev fipcoTov. 6. 
"EvS-a hrj fjbeTehthocrav aXkrj\oL<z cov elyov e/cacTTOC. "EvS-a 
he to irvp e/caleTO, htaT^KOfievr]^ ttj<; yjibvos /363-poc eyiyvovTO 
fieydXoi ecrre eirl to hdirehov ■ ov hi] irapr\v fieTpelv to {3d3-o$ 
TTjS %i6vo$. 

7. EvTevS-ev he ttjv eirtovcrav vfiepav b\r}v eiropevovTO 
hid yibvos, ical iroKXol tcov dvQpcoTrcov eftovXijiiacrav, aevo- 
cpcov he biucT&ofyvXaiccov /cal KaToXafJbjSdvcov rou9 iriiTTOVTa^ 
tcov dvQpcoTTCQV r/yvbet b tl to iraS-os el?/. 8. 'Eireihr) he 
elire T6? avTco tcov e/jLiretpcov otl cracpcos (SovXifJLLcotTL /cal idv 
ti cpdycocrLV dvacTTrjaovTai, irepLLcov irepl id virotyyia, ec irov 
tl bpayr) fipcoTov, htehlhov /cal hLeirejjLire hihbvTa? tov<$ hvvapbe- 
vov<z uapaTpeyeiv tols /3ov\l/jllcoctlv. 'Eirethr] he tl e/jicpd- 
yotev 3 dvicfTavTO /cal iiropevovTO. 9. Hopevofievcov he Xecpl- 
o~o<fio<z [lev dfjb(j)l /cvecpas irpbs /ccdjjltjv dcfu/cvelTat, /cal vhpocpo- 
povcras etc tt}$ /ccop^ irpbs ttj /cprjvr) yvvaZtcas ical tcbpa? 
/caTa\a/ji/3dvec e/xirpocrS-ev tov epv/iaTos. 10. AvTai rjpcoTcov 
ai)TOV$ Ttves elev. O he ep[A7)vevs elire HepaiaTl otc irapa 
fiaGtXeoos iropevoivTO 7rpb<; tov craTpd7T7]v. At he dire/cpl- 
vavTO otl ov/c evTavQa etv, dW' direyoi oaov 7rapaadyyr]v. 
01 h\ eirel o-^re rjv, 7rpo9 tov /cco/xdp^Tjv crvveicrepyovTai eh 
to epvpLa avv Tat9 vhpocfrbpocs. 11. Xeipicrocpos fxev ovv /cal 
oaot ehvv?]$7]Gav tov crTpaTevfiaTG? ivTavS-a eaTpaToirehev- 
aavTO • tcov S* aXkoov aTpaTtcoTwv oi firj hvvdfievot hiaTeXe- 
aai ttjv bhbv evv/CTepevaav dcrvroi /cal dvev irvpbs ■ icai ev- 
TavQd Ttves dirookovTO tcov crTpaTiooTcov. 12. 'E(pei7rovTO he 
tcov 7ro\ejJLicov crvveiKey\ikvoi Tives /cal Ta /jltj hwd/ieva tcov 
5* 



IQQ EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

viro^uyloov rjpira^ov Kal dXXr)Xoi<$ eyidypvTO irepl avTcbv. 
^EXeinrovTO Be Kal tcov arparccor&v oi re Btecji&apfJLevot, vito 
T f)<$ yiovos tovs 6(f)&akfjLov$ oi re virb tov tyv%ov<; tov9 Ba- 
ktvXovs tcov itoBcov airoaearjiroTe^. 13. *Hv Be rot? fjuev 
ocjiSaXfjLols eirLKOvpriiia Tr)$ ^iovo? el T£9 fieXav tl exfov irpb 
tcov dcf)$a\fjLcov TTopevovro • tcov Be ttoBcov, el t^9 kwoIto Kal 
fjb7]SiiT0Te r)Gvyiav e%oi Kal el rrjv vv/cra vitoXvolto. 14. 
"Oaoi Be viroBeBefJuevot ifcoi/jLcovro, elaeBvovTO eh tovs 7r6Ba$ 
ol Ifiavres Kal tcl vTroBrj/iaTa irepieinqyvvvTO • Kal yap rjcrav, 
€7raS77 eireXiTre tcl dp^ala v7roB7]/jbara } Kap/3arlvao avToh 
ireiroirifjbevat eK tcov veoSdprcov fiocbv. 15. Alcl Ta? Totavras 
ovv avdjKas vireXelirovTO TLve<$ tcov crTpaTtooT&v koX IBovTes 
/liXav tl ^copiov Blcl to eKkeXoarevat clvto&l tt)v yibva> etKa- 
%ov TeT7]fcevac • kcli TeTrjKei Blcl Kprjvrjv tlvcl fj irXr^aiov rjv 
aTfit^ovcra ev vdirrj. 'EvTav&a eKTpairopjevoi eKaSr/VTO kcli 
ovk ecfraaav iropevecr&ai. 16. c O Se Uevocfrcov, e^cov ottlgSq- 
<j>vXaKa<z a>9 jjaQeTO, eSetro clvtcov irdarj Teyyr) kol /^VX av V 
[ir] diroXeiTrea^aij Xeycov otl eirovTat 7roXXol TroXefjaoL crvvet- 
Xey/ubivoL • kol TeXevTcov eyaXenraivev. 01 Be afyaTTeiv eKe- 
Xevov* ov yap av Bvvaa&ai 7ropevSr)vai. 17. *EvTav&a 
e8o%e KpaTiGTOV elvai tov$ eirofievov^ iroXefxlov^; $o(3r)crai, el 
tl<z BvvatTO, fLr) eirioiev Toh KafLvovai. Kal rjv fiev o-koto<z 
rjBrj, ol Be irpocrrjeaav ttoXXq) 3-opv/3o) 3 djK^l cov el^ov Biacfre- 
pofievoi. 18. "EvQa Br) ol fiev OTTLcr&ofyvXaKes obTe vyiai- 
vovTes e^avaaTavTe^; eBpa/mov eh tov$ 7ro\e/x/ou9 • ol Be Ka- 
/juvovTes, avaKpayovTe? oaov rjBvvavTO fieyio~Tov } tcls dairlBa^ 
7rpo9 tcl BopaTa €Kpovo~av. Ol Be 7roXe[jbioi BeiaavTes rJKav 
eavToi)<$ KaTa ttjs %lovo<; eh tt)v vdirrfv Kal ovBeh eTt ovBa- 
fjbov i(p&eyt;aTO. 

19. Kal Bevocjicbv fiev Kal ol avv avT&, elirovTe? Toh 
dcr&evovcriv oti ttj v&Tepaia rj^ovai Tive? err avTOVS, iropevo- 
fievoi, irpiv TeTTapa GToSia BceX&elv, evTvyydvovaiv ev tjj 
oBop dvairavo/JLevoLs iirl Tr)$ %iovo<z Toh crTpaTicoTai,? eyKexa- 
XvfjL/JLevocs, Kal ovBe cfzvXaKr) ovBepbla Ka^etcrTrjKet • Kal dvc- 
crTacrav avTOV$. 20. Ol K eXeyov oti ol efiirpoo'^ev ovft 



LIB. IV. CAP. V. 107 

vTro^copolev. *0 Be irapicov Kal irapaireixircDV t&v rreXra- 
<tto)p tovs layypoTaTovs eKeXeve CKeifracrSat, rl elrj to kco- 
Xvov. 01 Be dirr/yyeXXov ore oXov ovtco? dvarcavoiTO to 
aTpaTevfia, 21. 'EvTavSa Kal ol irepl ttevocfr&VTa tjvXloSt]- 
aav avTod dvev Trvpbs Kal aBeiTrvot, fyvkaicas oia<z iBvvavTO 
KCLTaaTrjG-afJbevoL. ^Eirel Be 7rpo? r)fjbepav r)v 3 6 fiev 'Eevocfroov, 
Trefi'tyas 777309 tov$ aa&evovvTCis rou9 vecoraTovs, dvaaTT]- 
aavTas e/ceXevcrev avar/fcd&iv irpolevai. 22. 'Ev Be tovtco 
Xecpi(TocfiO<; ireybirei tcov etc 7*779 Koofxrjs aKe^o^ievovs 7rw9 
eyoiev ol TeXevTaloi. 01 he. dcr\ievoi IBbvTes rou9 jjuev ao$e- 
vovvtcls tovtols irapeBoaav KOfii^eiv eirl to crTpaTOTreBov, 
avTol Be eiropevovTO • teal irplv ecKoat GTaBia Bie\rjXv&evai 
rjcrav mrpbs tjj kcq/jLT], ev&a XeLpiaofyos rjvXi^eTO. 23. \E7rel 
Be avveyevovTO dXXrjXocs, eBo%e Kara tcl? /cco/ia? aacfrciXes 
elvac 77x9 Ta^eis aKrjvovv. Kal Xecplcrocfros \xev clvtov efjbe- 
vev, ol Be aXXoi, BtaXa^ovTes a<z ecopav Kdtfias eiropevovTO, 
k'tcciG-TOL tov$ eavTcov e^ovTes. 

24. "Ev&a Br) UoXyfcpaTT]^ 'ASfyvalo? Xo%cvyb$ eiceXevcrev 
acptevat avTov ■ Kal Xaftcov tou9 ev^covovs, &ecov eirl ttjv kco- 
Imtjv r)v elXrj^ei Bevocfrcov /caTaXafiftdvet, irdvTas evBov 7*07)9 
/ccDfjLTjTas /cal tov Kcofjbdp^rjv • Kal 7rcbXovs els Bacrfibv ftacnXei 
Tpecfro/jievovs eTTTa/calBefca • /cal tt)v QvyaTepa tov Kcofxdpj^ov, 
evvaTrjv rjfjbepav yeyafjLrjjjLevrjv ■ 6 Be dvrjp avTrj? Xayobs <pX €T0 
Brjpdo'cov, /cal ov% r/Xco ev ra?9 /ceo/Mats. 25. Al 8' ol/ciat 
rjaav /caTayeioi, to fiev crTo/ia coenrep <fipeaTO$, /caTco S' ev- 
pelai ■ al 8' elaoBoi 7*069 fiev virotyyioLs, 6pv/CTai y ol Be av&pco* 
ttoi tcaTefiaivov eirl /cXl/ia/co?. ^Ev Be Tal$ ol/ciai? rjcrav 
alyes, oles, /36es, opvt&es, /cal tcl e/cyova tovtcov • tcl Be icti)- 
vrj TrdvTa %£Xco evBov eTpecfiovTO. 26. *Hcrav Be /cal irvpol 
Kal Kp&al Kal oairpia Kal olvos Kpi&Lvo? ev KpaTrjpcriv ■ evr)- 
crav Be Kal avTal al Kpc&al lao^eCXels • Kal KaXa/JLOt eve- 
KeivTO, ol fiev fiel^ovs ol Be eXaTTOVS, yovaTa ovk e^ovTes. 
27. Tovtov? S' eBei, oiroTe ti$ Bcyjrayrj, Xa/36vTa eh to aTOfia 
fiv^ecv • Kal irdvv ciKpaTos rjv, el /jltJ tis vBcop eiriyeoi ■ Kal 
iravv r)Bi) crvfifjLa&ovTi to irofia rjv. 



108 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

28. 'O Be Bevocfrcbv tov fiev ap%ovra rfjs kco/jlt}*; TavTrjs 
avvBeiirvov eiroirjaaro teal Sappeiv avrov eicekeve, Xeycov otl 

0VT6 TO)V T&fCVCDV (7T€prj(T0LT0 TTjV T€ OlKiaV CLVTOV dvTefJLirXr)- 

aavres tcov iTrirrjBelcop airtaaLV y rjv dyaQov tl tg3 crrparev" 
[ian i^rjyrjad/JLevos <f>a(vr/Tai ear av iv aXXop e&veu yevcovTai. 
29. c Be ravra viricryyelTO, Kal ^iXo^povovfievo^ olvov 
e^paaev ev&a rjv KaTopoopvyfievo?. TavTrjv puev ovv ttjv 
vvktcl BiaGKr\vf]cravTe^ ovtcq? iKoifJLrjQrjcrav iv iraaiv a$&6- 
vols irdvres ol GTpaTiooTai, iv <j)v\afcf/ e^oz/re? rbv KCD/idp- 
yy)v teal ra rifeva avrov opbov iv dcfrS-aXfiols. 30. Tfj 8* 
eTTLOvarj rj/mepa j£evo(j)cbv Xafioov rbv KcofJidp^v 7rpo? Xeipi- 
aocfrov iiropevero ■ oirov Be Trap toe kco/jltjv, irperreTO 7rpb<z tov? 
iv rals Kcojiai^ /cal fcareXd/xfiave Travra^ov evco^ov/Jievov^ 
Kal ev$v/JLovfJL€vov$, /cal ovBafib&ev dcfrleaav irplv irapaQeivai 
ovtoIs aptcrrov ■ 31. ov/c rjv S' oirov ov iraperi&eaav inrl 
ttjv avrrjv Tpdire^av Kpka apveta, iplcfreia, yoipeia, iibcryeia, 
opvi&eia, avv ttoXXols aprois, tols [xev irvpivois rocs Be icpi- 
Qlvois. 32. ^Oirore Be ri<$ cfriXotfipovov/jLevos tco jSovXolto 
TTpoTTieZv, etkicev iirl rbv /cparrjpa* evSev iiriKv^avTa eBei 
po(f)ovvra irlveiv oocrirep fiovv. Kal tc3 Kco^dpyrj iBlBoaav 
Xa[i/3dveiv 6 tl JSovXoito. e O Be aXXo puev ovBev iBe^ero • 
o7rov Be Tiva tcov crvyyevcov lBol, 7rpo9 eavrbv del iXd/JL- 
fiavev. 

33. *Eirel Be rfk&ov irpbs Xetpiaotyov, /careXd/jifiavov Ka- 
Keivovs afCTjvovvras, iare^avoofxevov^ rod ^rjpov %iXov are- 
tydvois, Kal Btatcovovvras 'Apjueviovs iralBas avv ral$ fiap- 
/3apt,/cat<; aroXals ' rots Be nraialv iBeUvvaav ooairep iveots 6 
tl Beoi iroielv. 34. 'Eirel Be dXkrjXovs ifyCXofypovrjo-avTO 
Xecpiao^o^ Kal 'Sevo^oov, Koivfj Brj dvTjpcoTcov tov Kcofxap^v 
Bta tov irepai^ovTOS epfjL7]vea)<z ti$ elr) rj y&pa. e O S' eXeyev 
otl 'Ap/ievta. Kal TrdXiv r/poorcov tlvc ol Xttttoi TpecpotvTO. 
c O S' eXeyev otl (SaGiXel Bao-fio? • tt\v Be ttXtjo-lov %&pav 
ecfyrj elvav XdXvfias, Kal tt\v oBbv ecfrpa^ev y ecrj. 35. Kal 
avTov TOTe fiev oix eT0 ajtov 6 ^evo^>cbv Trpbs rou? eavTov 
oiKeTaSy Kal ittttov bv eiXrjfyei nrcCKaiTepov BlBojat too kco- 



LIB. IV. CAP. VI. 109 

fiapxy dvcfopeyjravTt fcarcfovcrcu, ore tftcovcrevj avrbv iepbv 
elvac tov 'HXloVj BeBocbs fir) aircfeavrj ■ etcefcdicooTO yap virb 
t?7? Tropeias • avrbs Be tcov irooXcov Xafiftdvet, Kal tcov dXXcov 
(TTparrjyebv Kal Xo^aycov eBcoKev ifedarep iraoXov. 36. ^Haav 
8* oi ravrrj Ittttol fieioves fiev tcov UepcriKcov, ^v/jLoecBearepoL 
Be 7roXv. ^EvTaifea Br) Kal BtBdaKeu 6 Kcofidpyr}<$ irepl tou? 
7r6Sa<? tcov Ittttcov /cat tcov viro^vyicov caKia irepteiXelv^ orav 
Bed t?}? %l6vo<; dyeoenv * civev yap tcov crafcloov KaTeBvovTO fie- 
yjpi Tr)$ yaaTpos. 



CAP. VI. 

1. 'Eirei Be rj/nepa rjv oyBorj, tov fiev r)yefiova ffapaBiScocL 
Xetpiaocpcp, tou? S' olfceTas KaTdXeiirei t£> Ktofidpyrj, irXrjV 
tov vlov dpTi rjftdo-fcovTOS. Tovtov S' 'ETTLcr^eveL 'AfjL<fii7roXl- 
ttj 7rapaBtBcoac cpvXaTTecv^ ottcos el koXcos rjyrjcroLTO eycov Kal 
tovtov diriot. Kal eh ttjv oltclav avTOv elcrecpoprjcrav a>? iBv- 
vavTO Tr\€L<TTa, Kal dva^ev^avTe^ eiropevovTO. 2. 'HyeiTO S' 
(tiroes 6 KO0fidpyr\s XeXvfievos Bid %lovos. Kal rjBrj r rjv iv 
tg> TpiTco <TTcfo/JL<p /cal Xecpiorocpos avToo i^pXeirdv^r] otl ovk 
eh Kuopias rjyev. c O S' eXeyev otl ovk elev ev too tottoo tovtgo. 
r O Be XeLpiaocfios avTov eiraiae fiev, eBrjae 8' ov. 8. j Ek Be 
tovtov eKelvos tt}? vvktos a7ToBpa^ <pX eT0 ^CLTaXiiroov tov vlov. 
Tovto ye Br) Xeipicrocpoj Kal 'EevocpcovTL fiovov Bcdcpopov ev tjj 
TTOpeiq iyeveTO, r) tov rjyefiovos KaKcocris Kal dfieXeta. 'Ettl- 
a^evrjs Be rjpda^r) Te tov 7tcuSo? Kal o'UaBe KOfilaa^ TrcaTOTa- 
tco i^prJTO. 

4. MeTa tovto eTropev^rjerav eiTTa crra^/xou? dvd irevTe 
7rapacrdyya$ ttjs rjjjLepa<z Trapd tov Qclglv rroTafioVj evpos 
TrXe^piaiov. 5. ^EvTev^ev eiropeifericrav GTa^fiovs Bvo irapa- 
adyyas BeKa" iirl Be t9j eh to TreBiov vrrepfioXf) aTrrjvTrjcrav 
avToh XdXv/3es Kal Tdoyoi Kal <frao~Lavoi. 6. Xetpicrocpos 
Be eVet KaTelBe tov? 7roXe/Li,lov<z errl Trj VTrep/3oXjj } eTravcraTO 
Tropevojievos, aTri^cov a>? TpiaKovra crTaBlovs, iva fir) KaTa 



HO EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Kepas aycov irXTjatdcrrj tocs TroXefiloi^ * iraptfyyeiXe Be teal tol$ 
aXXois irapdyew tovs Xo^ov 1 ;, ottccs iirl fydXayyos yevocro to 
arpdrevfia. 7. Eirel Be r)X^ov oi OTno^ofyvXaiceS) avveica- 
Xecre tovs arpaTrjyov^ teal Xo^ayovs, Kal eXe^ev coSe • 

Oi [JL6V iroXefJLLOL) 009 Spare, KaTe^ovai ras virepfioXd? rod 
opovs • eopa Be ftovXevea^ac ottgos a>? KaXXtcrra dycoviovfie^a. 
8. J Efiol fiev ovv BoKel irapayyelXat, jmev apiaroiToieZo^ai rols 
ar par loot acs, r)fjia<; Be fiovXevea^at, elre Trj/nepov elre avpiov 
BoKel v7rep/3dXXetv to opo$. 9. 'Efjiol Be ye, ecjorj 6 KXedvoop, 
BoKec, eirdv TaytcrTa dptaTrjacofJiev, e^o7rXtcra/jLevovs &>? Ta- 
%10-Ta levai eirl tovs avBpa<$. El yap BiaTpfyo/Aev Tr)v Trj/jue- 
pov r)/xepav, ol Te vvv opoovTes rjfias 7roXe/jLiot ^appaXeooTepoi 
eaovTai Kal aXXovs eltcbs tovtcov ^appovvToov TrXeiov? irpoa- 
yevea^ac. 

10. Mera tovtov &evo<f>oov elirev • 'Eyoo S' ovtco yiyvoo- 
gkoo • el fiev dvdyicy) earl fid^ea^ac, tovto Bel irapaaKevd- 
cjao^ai ottgos a>? fepdrcara iia^ovfjue^a* el Be j3ovXo/jLe^a a>9 
paara v7rep/3dXXecv, tovto fioc BoKel a/ceTTTeov elvao oVca? &>9 
eXdyiGTa pev Tpavfiara Xdftoofiev, a>9 eXd^taTa Be aoopaTa 
dvSpoov dirofidXodfjLev. 11. To [xev ovv opo$ earl to opoo/juevov 
TrXeov rj eft e^rjKOVTa GTaBia, dvBpes S' ovBafjiov $>vXaTTOVTe<$ 
r)fjLa<$ (fyavepoi elatv dXX* rj Kara Tavrriv Tr)v 6B6v • ttoXv ovv 
KpetTTOv tov eprjfjLOV opovs Kal KXetyaL to ireipaa^ai Xa^ovras 
Kal dpirdaai (j&daavTa? rjv Bwoo/jLe^a juaXXov rj 77*^09 layypa 
%oopla Kal avBpas irapecrKevaafievov^ /md^ea^ac. 12. IIoXv 
yap paov op^iov dfjua^el levai rj 6[iaXh ev^ev Kal ev^ev 7roXe- 
fjilcov ovtoov Kal vvKTcop dfjua^el fiaXXov av tcl irpb ttoBcqv 
opopr) rt9 ^7 ytte^' r)fiepav fia^o fievos ■ Kal r) Tpayela tols iroalv 
dfxa^el lovcriv ev/juevecrTepa rj ojiaXr) Ta? KecfraXds fiaXXofjuevots. 
13. Kal KXeyfrac ovk dBvvarov pot, BoKel elvac, e%bv puev vvktos 
levai, o)9 pLr) opaa^ai * e^bv Be a7reX^elv to&ovtov cos fir) ai- 
cferjo'cv Trapeze tv. AoKovfiev B" av \xoi TavTrj irpocnroLovnevoL 
irpoaftaXXeLv eprj/moTepop av Top aXXcp opei ^prjer^ac • fievoiev 
yap ai/TOv fxaXXov d^poot oi TroXefiLOL. 14. ^Arap ti eyco 
irepl KXoTrfj? av/jb^aXXo/xai ; c T/ia9 yap eycoye, cb Xeipi- 



LIB. IV. CAP. VI. in 

ao<pe, dfcovco tovs AaKeSaipLOviovs ocroi icrre tcov 6/jlolcov ev^ivs 
i/c iraiBcov KXeiTTetv fieXeTav ' Kal ov/c alaypbv elvac dXXa 

KaXoV KX67TT6LV OCT a JJLTJ KCoXvet VO[JLO<$. 15. " ' OlT(jd<$ Be to? fcpa- 

Tta-ra fcXe7TT7]T€ icai Tretpdo^e Xav^dvecv^ vopLtfjuov dpa vpblv 
iarcv eav Xrjfp^re /cXeTTTovres jJuaaTtyova^ai. Nvv ovv fid- 
Xa croc /cacpos icrrcv eTrtBel^aa^ai rrjv iratSelav, Kal cpvXd^a- 
a^ac fievTot, [irj Xrjcj&cofLev fcXeTrrovre? rod opovs, a>9 fxrj iroX- 
Xd$ 7rX7jyas Xd/3co/xev. 

16. 'iXXa /xevTot, ecfir) 6 XeipLcrocfios, Kayco v/jlccs tov? 
'A^rjvciLovs dfcovco Betvovs ' elvat KXeirreiv rd SrjfjLocria, Kal 
fxdXa 6W09 Seivov rov klvBvvov tc3 /cXeTTrovrt, Kal rou? tcpa- 

TL(TTOV$ fieVTOL /JudXlCTa. 66776/) VpLLV 01 KpaTLCTTOl dpyeiV d£l- 

ovvtcll ■ (bare wpa Kal crol eirtBeLKwa^saL ttjv TratBelav. 17. 
'Eyco jxev TocvvVj ecprj 6 Uevcxficov ■ eroLfios elfit tovs ottlg^o- 
(pvXatcas e%eov eireiBdv Betirvijcrco/iev lev at KaraXrj^rofjLevos to 
0/309. "Eyco Be Kal rjye/iovas ■ ol yap yvfivrjres tcov e^eiroixe- 
vcov r)filv kXco7tcov eXa(36v Ttva$ eveSpevcravTes • Kal tovtcdv 
irvv^sdvopbau ore ovk aftarov earc to opo$, dXXd vipera, 
al£l fcal /3ovo~iv ■ coare edvirep aira% Xdftco/uLev tc rov 6'pou9, 
fiara /cal toi? viro'Cpyiois earac. 18. 'EXtti^co Se ovBe tou9 
iroXefjbiovs fievelv en eiretSdv cBcocrcv rjfjbds iv Top Ofioiop eirl 
rcov a/cpoov ■ ovBe yap vvv e^eXovac /cara/3aivecv rj/ntv els to 
icrov. 19. *0 Be Xecplcrocbos elrre* Kal tL Bel ere levai icai 
Xeiireiv ttjv oTrta^ocfcvXafccav ; dXX! dXXovs 7re/rt|rox>, av fir} 
Tive$ i^eXovcrioc cfiaivcovTac. 20. \E/e tovtov 'ApLaTcovv/jLO? 
Me^vSpcevs epyeTai oirXiTas e^cov /cal " ApiGTeas X?09 yvfivrj- 
ra9 Kal N t/co fxa^os Ohalos yvpivrjTas ■ Kal avv^rjfia eiron)- 
aavTo oTTOTe eyoiev Ta aKpa rrvpd Kaleiv 7roXXd. TavTa avv- 
^e/jievoc r/pLGTcov. 21. 'Ek Be tov dpcaTov irpoi^yayev 6 
XeLplo-ocf)o<z to GTpaTevfJLa ttolv co9 BeKa GTaBlov; 77/^69 tou9 
7roXefjLiov?) ottcos &>9 pLaXccrTa Bokoltj TavTrj Trpoad^ecv. 

22. ^EireiBr) Be eBeiirvrjaav Kal vv% iyeveTO, ol fiev Tay^- 
^eVre9 S^ovto, Kal KaTaXafi(3dvova-i to 6po$ ' ol S' dXXou 
avTov dveiravovTO. Ol Be iroXefitoi 0S9 jjcfeovTO eyopuevov to 
opo9, iyp7]yopeaav Kal eKaiov irvpd iroXXd Bid wktos* 23. 



112 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

^Eirethrj he rj/uepa eyevero XeLpicrocfros fxev ^vadfAevos rjye 
Kara rrjv ohov, oi he to opos KarakaftovTes Kara ra ate pa 
eTrrjearav. 

24. Toiv S' av iroXepuioyv to fxev ttoXv efievev iirl Tjj virep- 
(3oXfj tov opovs, fiepos h' avroov aTrrjvra Toh Kara tcl atcpa. 
Uplv he Ofiov elvac tov? ttoWovs dXXtfXoLS avfjbfjbijvvovatv oi 
Kara Ta a/cpa, Kal vlko)o~lv ol f EXXrjve? Kal Sicofcovacv. 25. 
*Ev tovtg) he Kal ol eK tov irehiov oi fxev TreXraaTal tcop *EX- 
Xijvcov hpofiay e^reov nrpbs tovs irapaTeTaypievov^^ Xeipiaocfros 
he /3dhr)V Tayy efyeiireTo crvv tov<z oirXiTaLs. 26. Oi he iroXe- 
fitot oi eirl tjj 6Sg3 iirechrj to avco ecopcov rjTTcofjLevov, fyevyovau* 
Kal arreisavov fiev ov iroXXol avTcov, yeppa he TrdfJuiroXXa 
eXijcj^T] • a oi "EXXrjves Tats fia^aipats KoirTOVTes dy^pela 
eiroiovv* 27. c /2? 8* dve$r)crav, Swaz/re? Kal Tpoirauov GTr\- 
adfievot KaTe/3r]orap eh to irehiov, Kal eh Kco/Aas ttoXX&v Kal 
dya^wv ye/xovaas rjX^ov. 



CAP. VII. 

1. *Ek he tovtcov e7ropev^7]crav eh Tao%ov<; crTa^fjbovs 
irevTe irapaadyya^ TpiaKovra ■ Kal tcl eirLTrjheLa eireXLire • 
^copia yap cotcovv icryypd oi Tdoyoi, ev oh Kal Ta eirLTrjheLa 
irdvra eiyov dvaKeKo/jLLcrjuLevoL. 2. 'Eirel he dfyiicovTO eh 
yc£>piov o ttoXlv fxev ovk el^ev ovh> OLKias, o-vveXrjXv^ore^ S' 
rjaav avTocre Kal avhpes Kal yvvalKes Kal kttjvt] iroXXd, XeLpi- 
o-ocf)o<; fxev irpb$ tovto irpoaefiaXXev exfevs tjkcdv i7rechr} he r) 
irpcoTT] rd^L<; direKayLvev, aXXy irpoarjev Kal av$L<$ aXXrj \ ov 
yap rjv dSspooLS irepLo-Trjvac, dXXd iroTafib^ rjv kvkXw. 3. 
EireLhrj he ttevotycov r/X^e crvv Toh OTTLa^ocpvXa^L Kal rreXTa- 
aTah Kal oirXtTaL^ evTaxfea hrj Xeyec XeLplaofyos • Eh KaXbv 
i]K6Te • to yap yj&piov aipereov ttj yap crrpaTLa ovk Icftl tcl 
eTTLTTjheiay el firj Xrjyfro/jLe^a to ^piov. 

4. EvTaxfha hrj koiv?) eftovXevovTO ■ Kal tov aevocfrayvTO? 
ipcDT&)VTo$ tl to kcoXvop eli] elaeX^elv, elirev 6 Xecpicro^o^ • 



LIB. IV. CAP. VII. 113 

\4XXa fica avrrf nrdpoSos iartv rjv bpas • orav Se w ravrrj 
Tretparai vraptevat* kvXlvSov&l Xl^ovs virep ravrrj^ tt)? virep- 
e^ovarj^ irerpas * o? S' av KaTaXrj^fj, ovtco SiarL^erac. 
r/ Afia S' eSec^e avvTeTpL/xpLevov; dv^s pcoirovs Kal crKeXr] Kal 
TrXevpds. 5. *Hv Se row Xfeovs dvaXcoacoaLV, ecprj 6 Hez/o- 
<f>coVj aXXo tl rj ovSev KcoXveL iraptevai ; ov yap Srj etc tov 
ivavriov opco/xev el fir) oXiyovs toutovs dv^pcoirovs • teal tov- 
tcov Svo rj rpels a)7rXL<TfjLevovs. 6. To Se ^coplov, a>? Kal av 
opas, a%eSbv rpca r)fjbi7rXe^fpd eaTLV b Sec fiaXXofievovs SceX- 
^elv. Tovtov Se baov nrXe^spov Saav ttltvgl SLaXeLirovaaL? 
peydXcus, dv^i* cov eaTTjKOTes avSpes tl av irda^OLev rj vrrb 
tcov (pepopcevcov X/S cov rj virb tcov KvXcvSovfievcov ; to Xolttov 
ovv rjSrj ycyveTai co? rj/jLLirXe^pov, b Sec OTav XaxfirjacoaLV oi 
Xfeoc irapaSpapuelv. 7. * A XX' et&vs 1 , ecprj 6 XeLplaocfios, iwec- 
Sdv dp^cofie^a els to Saav irpocnevai^ cpepovTaL oi Xl^ol iroX- 
XoL Avto av, ecj)rj } to Seov elrj* ^clttov yap dvaXcoaovai 
tovs X^ou?. '.4XXa iropevcofie^a ev^ev r)fuv fwcpov tl Trapa- 
Spa/xelv ecTTac rjv Swcopbe^a, /cal direX^elv pdSLOv rjv /3ovXcb- 
| fie^a. 

8. 'EvTeifeev eiropevovTo XeLplaocfro? /cal tlevocpcov teal 
KaXXc/jLa^o^ UappdaLos Xoyayos* (tovtov yap r) r)yejjLovia rjv 
tcov oTTLa^oc^vXdiccov Xo^aycov etceivrj tj) r) fie pa •) oi Se aXXoL 
Xo^ayol efxevov ev tco dac^aXel. MeTa tovto ovv dirrfS^ov 
virb tcl SevSpa av^pcoTTOL ft)? ef3So/jL7]fwvTa> ovfc a^pooi dXXa 
tca^ eva ) eicacTTos cpvXaTTOfievo? &)? iSvvaTo. 9. *Ayaaia<$ Se 
6 ^TVpL(f)dXLos Kal 'ApcaTcovv/jLos Me*$vSpLev<z teal ovtol tcov 
OTTLa^foepvXdKeov Xo^ayol 6We? ? Kal oXXol Si, icfreo-Tacrav e£co 
tcov SevSpcov • ov yap rjv dacfraXes ev tols SevSpocs ecrTavao 
irXelov rj tov eva X6-%ov. 10. "Ev^a Srj Kal XaXX//^a^09 
firj^avaTai tl • irpoeTpe^ev dirb tov SevSpov vcj> co rjv avTos 
Svo rj Tpia $r)\iaTa ■ eirel Se oi XfooL cbepoLVTO, dve%d£eTO ev- 
TreTcos • ecj> eKacrTrjs Se TrpoSpo/iij^ irXeov rj SeKa a/ma^ac 7T6- 
Tpcov dvrjXLCTKOVTO. 11. c O Se 'Ayaaias &)? Spa tov KaXXt- 
fia^ov a eiroleLj Kal to crTpaTevpia irav ^secofievov, SeLtras per) 
ov TrpcoTO? irapaSpdfJLOL eh to ^copiov, ovTe tov 'ApLGTcovvfiov 



114: EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

TrXrjcrlov ovtcl TrapaKaXeaa? ovre Evpvko^ov tov Aovcrtea 
eTaipov? ovtcl? ovt aKkov ovBeva %o)/oe£ avTo?, Kal irapepye- 
rai irdvTa?. 12. c O Be KaWi/ua'Xos a)? ecopa avrov irapi- 
ovra, eiriXafi^dveTaL avTov ttj? ltvo? • iv Be tovtw irape&eL 
avTov? 'AptaTGovvfios Me&vBpLev?, teal peTa tovtov Evpvko- 
%o? AovaLev?* nrdvTe? jap ovtol dvTeiroLOvvTO dpeTrj? Kal 
Bltjjcovl^ovto 7rpb? dWr/Xov? ■ Kal ovtco? ipt^ovTe? aipovaL to 
^copiov. e f2? jap aira% elaeBpajiov, ovBel? TreTpo? avooSev 
V V ^X^V* 13. 'EvTavSa Br) BeLvbv r)v Qeafia* at jap jvvalKe? 
piiTTOvaaL tcl iraLBia elTa /cal eavTa? iirLKaTeppiiTTOvv ■ Kal 
oi dvBpe? doaavTco?. if Ev$a Br) Kal Alvea? Xtv/jl^oXlo? Xo^a- 
jb? IBcov TLva SeovTa a>? ptyovTa eavTov cttoXtjv eyovTa 
koXtjv e7TL\a/jL/3dveTac a)? KcoXvacov. 14. f O S' avTov eirt- 
(TircLTai, Kal dfi^oTepoL w^ovto KaTa tS>v 7T€Tpc!)v ^epo/xevoc 
Kal aTre&avov. *EvTev&ev av&pwiroL /lev irdvv oXljol ekrj- 
<f>&7)crav } /36e? Be Kal ovol iroWol Kal rrpoftaTa. 

15. 'EvTevSev iiropev&iqcrav Blcl XaXvficov aTaS/iov? 
€7TTa irapaadjja? irevTrjKOVTa. Ovtol rjaav wv BltjX&ov aX- 
KLfMcoTaTOL, Kal el? %e?pa9 yecrav. el'xpv Be QcopaKa? \lvov? 
peyjpL tov i]Tpov, dvTl Be tcov 7TTepvjcov cnrdpTa itvkvcl 
icrTpa/JLfjLeva. 16. El%ov Be Kal KvrjjxiBa? Kal Kpdvrj Kal ira- 
pa ttjv %d)V7]v jxaj(CLtpLov ocrov %vrj\7)v AaKG)VLK7]v, c5 eacpaT- 
tov &v Kparelv BvvaLVTo • Kal diroTepivovTe? dv tcl? KecpaXd? 
e^ovTe? eiropevovTO • Kal fjBov Kal i%6pevov oiroTe oi 7ro\e- 
/jllol avTov? otyea&aL e/ueWov ■ el^pv Be Kal Bopv a>9 TrevTe- 
KalBeKa irrj-^oiv [ilav Xoj^rjv e%ov. Ovtol ive/xevov iv tol? 
TroXlcrfMacTLV 17. eVel Be irapeh&oLev oi "EXkrjve?, eXirovTO 
del fia^ofievoL ■ mkovv Be iv tol? o^vpol? ■ Kal tcl iirLTTjBeLa 
iv tovtol? dvaKeKOfJLLcrfjLevoL rjaav • coaTe pLrjBev Xa/x^dveLV 
avTo&ev tov? "EXkyva?, dXka BLeTpd(p7jaav tol? KTijveaLV a 
iK Tcov Tao^cov e\a/3ov. 18. 'jE/c tovtov oi rf EXkr}ve? d<pL- 
kovto eVl tov ri Apiraaov iroTa/JLov, evpo? TeTTapcov ifke^pcov. 
'EvTev&ev iiropev^rjaav Bid Xkv&lv&v aTaSfiov? TeTTapa? 
irapaadjja? eUoaL Blcl nreBlov el? Kco/Jia? • iv al? efieLvav 
rj/JLepa? Tpel? Kal iireaLTLaavTO. 



LIB. IY. CAP. VII. 115 

19. 'Evrev&ev Be r)7d)ov araSfJiovs rerrapas rrapaadyya^ 
el'/cocri 7rpo? iroXtv [AeydXriv /cat evBaipLova /cat oiKovfJbevTjv • fj 
eKaXelro TvfJivias. 'Etc ravrr)? 6 rr)? %wp#9 dp^cov roi<z 
"EWtjctlv rjye/nova nrepbTreL, 07Tg>? Bed tt}? eavrcov iroXe/Jbta^ 
^oopa? dyoi avrovs. 20. 'EXQcov 8' eKelvos Xeyet ore d^et 

dVTOVS 7T6VT6 7]fJbep5)V €t? %G)plOV 0$€V O^OVTdL SokaTTCLV * €1 

Be fJLrj, re^vdvai eTrrjyyeXXero. Kal rjyov/ievos eVetS?) ivefia- 
Xev eh ttjv eavrols iroXepbiav, rrapeKeXevero acS-ecv Kal (pQee- 
peiv rrjv xcopav & Kal BrfXov eyevero ore rovrov eve/ca eX&ot, 
ov rr)s rcov r EXX?jvcDV evvoias. 21. Kal dcjuKvovvrau eirl rb 
opo$ rfj ireixirrrj rj/jiepa' b'vofia he tw opet, rjv ©77^779. 'Eirec- 
Brj Be oi TTpcoroL eyevovro eirl rov opovs teal KarelBov rr)v 
SdXarrav, fcpavyrj 7toXXt) eyevero. 22. 'A/covaas Be 6 ttevo- 
<f)cbv Kal oi oTTLG&ofyvkaices (ptf$7]crav efjarpoa^ev aXXov? 
eTriTi&ecrQaL rroXepbiov^ • elirovro yap Kal oTna&ev oi e\ rr)<; 
KaLO[iev7]^ %copa? ■ Kal avrcov oi OTrLG&ofyvXaKes direKreevdv 
re riva<z Kal e^coyprja-av eveBpav iroLrjadpievoL • Kal yeppa eXa- 
(3ov Baaei&v ftocov <bfjLo/36eia apfyl rd eiKocriv. 

23. ^EiretBr) Be /3gt) irXeicov re iyiyvero Kal eyy vrepov Kal 
oi del eTTiovres e&eov Bpofico eirl tou9 del ftooovra? Kal iroXXco 
[leli^cov iyiyvero r) f3or) ocrcd Br) irXeiovs eyiyvovro, eBoKec Br) 
fjbec^ov re elvai rS Bevocpcovrc. 21. Kal dvafids ecf) iirirov 
Kal Avkiov Kal rov<$ iirireas dvaXaficov irapefiori&et, • Kal 
rdya orj aKovovac ftocbvrcov rcov arparuorcov ©dXarra Sd- 
Xarra Kal irapeyyvcovrcov. "EvSa Br) e&eov diravres Kal oi 
biricr&ofyvXaKes, Kal rd virotyyia rfXavvero Kal oi lititoi. 
25. ^Eirel Be dfyiKovro irdvres eirl rb aKpov, ivravS-a Brj 
irepiejSaXKov dXkrjXovs Kal arparr]yovs Kal Xo^ayovs BaKpv- 
ovre$. Kal e^airivr}^ orov Br) irapeyyvrjcravros oi arparLCQ- 
rai (f)epovaL Xl&ovs Kal rroiovai koXcovov fieyav. 26. *Ev- 
rav&a dverl&ecrav Bep/idrcov 7rXr)Qo<; wfio^oetcov Kal fiaKrrj- 
p/a? Kal rd al^QidXcora yeppa, Kal 6 r/ye/JLoov avro? re 
Karerefive rd yeppa Kal rocs dXXot? BceKeXevero. 27. Merd 
ravra rov rjyefjiova oi ''EXXrjves dirorrepmovcn, Bcopa Soz/re? 
diro kolvov Xttttov Kal cj)cdX7]v dpyvpdv Kal GKevr)v JJepacKrjv 



116 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Kal 8apeiKov<? Bifca* fjrei, 8e fidXtaTa tov$ BatcrvXlovs, Kal 
e\a/3e ttoWovs irapd tcov arparLcorcov. Koo/jltjv 8e Se/fa? 
avToh ov CKrjvrjcrovai Kal ttjv 68bv rjv iropevaovrai eh Md- 
KpcovaS) eirel ecnrepa eyeveTO, (fx eT0 T V^ wktos diricov. 



CAP. VIII. 

1. 'Evrev&ev S' eiropev^aav oi "EXkrjves 8ia MaKpcovoov 
o-raQfiovs rpel? irapaadyyas Se/ca. Trj irpcoTy 8e ^]fiepa 
dcf)i/covTO 67rl tov iroTapbbv 09 oopc^e ttjv tcov MaKpcovcov ^co- 
pav Kal rrjv tcov ^kv&lvcov. 2. El^ov S' V7rep8e£t,ov %coplov 
olov yakeircoTaTov Kal e£ dptarepd^ dXKov irorafibv eh ov 
evefiaWev 6 opl^cov 81 ov e8et Btafirjvai. ^Hv 8e ovtos 8a- 
<7t>? 8ev8peai irayeai /juev ov, irvKVoh 8e. Tavra eirel irpoa- 
rfk&ov oi r/ EWr]ves eKornov, crirev8ovTe^ etc rod yooplov C09 
TayiGTa e%e\Selv. 3. Oi 8e Mdtcpcoves e^pvre^ yeppa Kal 
Xoy^a^ Kal Tpiyivovs yiT(hva<z fcaravrLTrepa? rfjs 8iaj3dcreco^ 
TraparerajfJievoL rjaav Kal dXkrjXovs 8ceKe\evovTO teal \i$ov$ 
eh rbv iroTafjubv epplirTovv i^tKvovvTo 8e ov ovS* ejSXaTTTOv 
ov8ev. 

4. "Ev&a 8rj TTpoaep^erai rS ^,evo^>a)VTC tcov ireXraarcov 
T£? dvrjp *A$hf)vrjGb (f)dcrKcov- 8e8ov\evfcevcu, Xeycov ore yiyvco- 
afcot rrjv ^>covrjv tcov dv&pcoircov. Kal olfiai, e<j)r), ejurjv tclv- 
T7)v 7raTpi8a elvai ■ Kal, el pbrj ti Kcokvet i&eXeo avToh 81a- 
Xe^rjvac. 5. *AX)C ov8ev KcoXvet, ecj)7) • dXkd 8tdkeyov Kal 
fidSe irpcoTov avTcov Tives elalv. Oi 8' elirov epooTijaavTOS 
otl MaKpcoves. 'EpcoTa toivvv, e^rj, avToi)S tI dvTiTerdya- 
Tai, koX yjpfi'CpvGiv tjimv iroXefjLLOL elvau* 6. Oi 8' dnreKpi- 
vovto • "Otl Kal vfxeh eirl ttjv rj/xeTepav %copouv epyea&e. 
Aeyeiv eKekevov oi crTpaTTjyol otl ov KaKco? ye TroirjcrovTes, 
dXKa /3ao-i\et iroKepnqGavTe^ direpyoixe^a eh ttjv *E\\d8a s 
Kal eirl QdXaTTav f3ov\6fjie3-a d(j>iKeo'$ac. 7. HpcoTcov eKel- 
voi el 8olev dv tovtcov Ta iriGTa. Oi S' e<paaav Kal 8ovvao 
Kal Xafielv i&iXeiv. *EvTev&ev 8c86acnv oi MaKpcoves fiap- 



LIB. IY. CAP. VIII. 



117 



j3aptK7]V \6y)(7jv Toh ''EWrjcriv, oi he "EWrjve? eiceivois *E\- 
Xr/viKrjv ravra yap ecpacrav Tnara elvai* 3-eovs S' eTre/iapTv- 
pavro afjLcfroTepot. 

8. Mera he tcl iriGTa ev3-v$ oi Mdtcpcove^ Ta hevhpa 
cvve^eicoTrTOV ttjv re ohbv cohoiroiovv C09 hta/3c/3dcrovTe<; ev 
fiecroLS dvafie/jiiyfjbevoL Toh "EWrjcriv • fcal dyopdv oXav ehv- 
vavro irapelj(ov ■ Kal htrjyayov ev rpialv rj/JLepcus e*»s eirl tcl 
KbX^cov opia /catearrjaav tov$ f/ EWrjva?. 9. *Evrav&a rjv 
opos fieya, irpoajBarbv he ■ Kal eirl tovtov oi KoX^ol irapa- 
reray/jLevoo rjcrav. Kal to jxev irpcoTOV oi "EXkrjves avTiira- 
perd^avro Kara cf>dXayya o>9 ovtcq<? dI;ovTe$ 7rpbs to opo<$ 9 
eireiTa he eho%e Toh GTpaTrjyoh fiovXevcracrQai crvWeyetatv 
oircos C09 /cdWiara dycoviovvTat. 10. "E\e%ev ovv Uevocfrcov 
ore hotcei iravcravTas Trjv cpdXayya Xo^ov? bpS-iovs Troirjaai * 
r) fiev yap <fidXay% hiaairacr^rjcreTab ev$v<$ • rfj fiev yap dvo- 
hov rfj he evohov evpr]cro\iev to opo<; ' fcal evQiis tovto d^vfiiav 
TroiTjaei oTav TeTayyuevoi eh (pdXayya TavTrjv hiecrTracr/jLevrjv 
bptoenv. 11. ^EireiTa rjv /jlIv eVl 7roXXov<; TeTayfievoi irpoad- 
yco/iev, irep itt ever over iv r)/xcov oi iroXepbioi Kal Toh TreptTToh 
XprjaovTat 6 tl av /3ovXcovTat • edv S' eirl bXiycov TeTay/Mevoc 
ico/jiev, ovhev av ellrj QavfiaaTov el hta/correcT] rjfMcov r) cpdXay^ 
virb dSpocov Kal fieXcov Kal dv&ptoTrcov av/JureaovTcov ■ el he 
7T7] tovto ecTaty Trj bXrj cpdXayyt, KaKov eaTai. 12. 'AXXd 
fjiot hoKel bpS-lovg tol>9 Xb%ov 9 Troirjcra/jLevovs toctovtov yonpLov 
KaTaa^etv hiaktirovTa^ Toh Xo^ols ocrov e%co tovs ecrydrrov^ 
Xb^ov^ yevecrQai tcov rrroXejiicov KepaTCov ■ Kal ovtcos eabfie&a 
Trjs Te tcov iroXepbtcov (pdXayyos e^co oi ecryaTOi \byoi, Kal 
op^/ou9 ayovTes oi KpaTcaTot rj/xcov TrpcoTOt TrpoaiaGLV, fj Te 
av evohov y TavTy eKaaTO? d^et 6 Xo^o9. 13. Kal eU Te to 
hidkelirov ov pahuov eaTau tol$ 7ro\e/jLLOL<; elaeX&elv ev&ev 
Kal evSev Xo^cov ovtccv, hiaKoyai, Te ov pahiov eaTai \6%ov 
opStov TrpooriovTa. 'Edv Te tls m-te^rjTai tcov \6%&)z^ 6 7r\rj- 
crtov /BorjQrja-ei,' rjv Te eh ttt] hvvrj&f) t&v \6%cdv eTrl to ciKpov 
dvaftrjvat, ovheh fJbrjKeTt fielvrj tcov TroXefJbtcov. 14. TavTa 
ehoge, Kal eiroiovv bp^iovs tou9 Xo%ou9. Uevocfrcov he diricov 



118 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

67rl to €V(ovv/jlov drrb tov Be^Lov e\eye T0Z9 <n par mot ats* 
"AvBpes, ovtol elcnv 01)9 Spare jjlovol en rj/nlv efnroBcov to fii] 
7/877 elvau ev&a irakai earrevBofiev • tovtovs r\v ttq)? Bvvd)/jLe&a 
Kal W/XOU9 Bel fccLTacfxiyelv. 

15. 'Eirel 8' ev rafc %copa69 eicaaTOL eyevovTO Kal tou9 

Xo^ou9 op&lovs irrotTjaavTO, eyevovTO fiev Xo^ol twv ottXltcjv 

afjbfyl tou9 byBorjKOVTa, 6 Be X6%o$ e/c<zcrT09 cr^eBbv efc tou9 

e/cciTOV • tou9 Se TTeXTacrTa^ kcli tov<z TO^OTas Tpc^rj eiroLr}- 

aavTo, tov'; fiev tov evcovvfiov e^co, tol>9 Be tov Be^tov, tou9 

Se kcltcl fiecrov, cr^eBbv e%afcoo~LOVS eicacrTOvs. 16. 'Etc tcv- 

tov irapr\yyvr)crav ol GTpaTrjyol ev^ea^ac • ev^dfievoL Be Kal 

iraiavlcravTe^ eiropevovTO. Kal Xeipiao(po<; fiev teal 'Sevocj^cov 

Kal ol crvv avTols TreXraaTal Tr)$ t&v iroXefiicov fydXayyos 

e^co yevbfievoL eiropevovTO • IT. ol Be iroXefiLOL a>9 elBov av- 

tovs, avTLTrapa&eovres ol fiev eirl to Be^ibv ol Be SttI to evco- 

vvfiov Bieo-TrdoS-rjaav, Kal ttoXv 7-779 eavrwv fydXayyo? ev tco 

peered fcevbv errolrjo-av. 18. 'IS(We9 Be clvtovs BiayaCpvTa^ 

ol kcltcl to * ApKa&LKov TreXTaaraL, S)v rfpyev AlayjvT]^ 6 

'A/capvdv, vojjLLcravTes cf>evyeLV dva /cpaTOS eS-eov teal ovtol 

TrpwTOt errl to opo$ dvafialvavaL • crvvecfreLTreTO Be clvtols Kal 

to 'Ap/caBLfcbv ottXltlkov, S)V rjp^e KXedvcop 6 'Op^ofievLos. 

19. Ol Be rroXefiLOL a>9 rjp^avTO Selv, ov/ceri eaTrjcrav, dXXa 

(j)vyfj a\Xo9 aXXrj eTpdireTO. Ol Be r/ EXXrjve<? dvafiavre? 

iaTpaTOTreBevovTO ev 7roXXal<; Kcofiai^ Kal TaTTLTrjBeLa rroXXa 

expvacLLS. 20. Kal tcl fiev dXka ovBev rjv o tl Kal e^avfia- 

gov • tcl Be Gfir\vr) iroXXd rjv avTO&L, Kal tcov Krjplcov ogol 

€(f>ayov tcov o-TpaTtcoTcov irdvTes acfipoves Te eyiyvovTo Kal 

7)\lovv Kal KaTco BLe^copeL avToh Kal bp&bs ovBeh rjBvvaTO 

LcrTaaQaL • dX)C ol fiev okiyov iBrjBoKOTe? afybBpa fjueSvovaLV 

ecpKecrav • ol Be ttoXv fiaLvofievoL^ • ol Be Kal diro§vr}GKOVGLV. 

21. "Emlvto Be ovtcj 7roWol coairep Tpoirrjs yeyevrj/JLevrjs, Kal 

TroXkr) rjv aQv/Jbla. Tfj 8* vaTepaia direSave fiev ovBek, 

dfA(j)l Be Tr)v avTrjv nrov &pav dvetypovovv ■ TpiTrj Be Kal Te- 

TapTrj dvlcTTavTO coenrep eK <fiap/jLaKOTroo-La$. 

22. 'EvTev&ev S' eiropev^aav Bvo crTa&fiov? irapacrdyyas 



LIB. IV. CAP. VIII. 119 

eirrd, Kat r)X$ov iirt SaXarrav eh Tpaire^ovvra ttoXlv c EX- 
XrjvlBa otKovfjLevrjv, iv rco Ev^ecvco Tibvrco Xivcoirecov amoi- 
/ciav iv ttj KoX^cov X^P a ' 'Evrav&a e/xetvav rjfjiepas dficbt 
tcis rptd/covra iv rah rcov KoX^cov fcco/JLats. 23. KdvrevSev 
6p/ji(Ofji€voi iXrjt^ovro rr)v KoX^iBa. 'Ayopdv Be irapel^ov rco 
arparoireBco TpanreCpvvTioi, Kat iBe^avro re tol>9 rf EXXr}va$ 
Kat %evia eBocrav fiovs Kat aXcpcra Kat olvov. 24. XwBie- 
nrpdrrovro Be /cat vrrep tcov ttXtjctlov KoX^cov T & v &> T< p 
ireBicp fjidXccTTa oikovvtcov ■ /cat %evia /cat irap i/ceivcov 
rjX&ov /3o€9. 25. Merd Be rovro rr)v ^vcrlav rjv ev^avro 
7rapecr/cevd^ovTO. *H\Sbov Be air oh l/cavot /3oe? dircfevcraL 
rco AiC rco ^corrjpc /cat rco 'Hpa/cXec r)ye/i6avva /cat roh dX- 
Xois Be ^eoh a ev^avro. ^Eirolr\aav Be /cat dycova yvfiviKov 
iv rco Spec ev&airep icr/cijvovv ■ elXovro Be ApaKovriov Xirap- 
rtdrrjv, (o? ecfivye it ah en cov oc/co^rev, nralBa clkcov Kara/era- 
vcov ^vrjXrj Trard^as,) Bpopbov re iTTL/jLeXrjS-rjvac /cat rov dyco- 
vo<; TTpoaraTrjcraL. 

26. ^EireiBr] Be rj Qvcria iyevero, rd Bep/xara irapeBocrav 
rco Apa/covTico, /cat rjyelcr&aL i/ceXevov oirov rov Bpo/Jiov ire- 
TTOtrj/ccos ecrj. r O Be Bellas ovrrep ecrrrjKore^ irvy^avov, 
Ovtos 6 Xocpos, ecf>7j, /cdXXicTTOs Tpeyew ottov av res /3ovXr]- 
rac. IIcos ovv, ecpaaav, Bvvrjcrovrat iraXaiew iv cr/cXrjpco /cat 
Bacrel ovrco ; *0 Be elire ■ MdXXov re dvidcrerat 6 Kararre- 
crebv. 27. 'Hycovt&vro Be 7ratBe<; fiev ardBcov tcov alxf^aXco- 
tcov ol TrXetcTTOc, BoXl^ov Be Kpr)res irXelov^ rj e^rjKOvra 
eQeov • TrdXrjv Be /cat TTvy/jLrjv /cat irayKpdriov erepoi. Kat 
/caXr) &ea iyevero ■ irdKXot yap KarefS^aav Kat are ^eco/jbivcov 
tcov eralpcov iroXXr) cpiXovec/cla iyevero. 28. "ES-eov Be /cat 
Xititoi • /cat eBet, avrovs Kara rov irpavovs eXdtravras iv rfj 
QaXdrrrj dvacrrpe^ravra^ nraXiv dvco irpb<$ rov j3co/jlov ayetv. 
Kat Karoo fiev ol iroXXot iKvXtvBovvro ■ dvco Be rrpos rb icryy- 
pco? op&iov plqXl<$ fidBrjv iiropevovro ol Xttttoi. if Ev$a 7roXXr) 
Kpavyrj Kat yeXcos Kat irapaKeXevcris iyiyvero avroov. 



120 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 



EENO^ONTOS 
KTPOT ANABAZEflZ E'. 



CAP. I. 

"OH A fjbev Brj iv rfj dvafidaet rfj /iera Kvpov eirpa^av ol 
"EXXrjve*; • /cal ocra iv rfj rropela rfj iLeyjpis iirl SdXarrav rrjv 
iv r<p Ev^elvG) IXovrqy, /cal co? eh Tpaire^ovvra rroXiv ^EXXr)- 
viBa a<f>L/covTo, /cal o>9 dire&vaav a ev^avro acorrfpca Qvcreiv 
ev&a irpcbrov els faXlav jrjv dcfrl/coivro, iv rS 7rpooS-ev Xoyqy 
BeBrjXcorai. 2. 'JE/e Be rovrov avveX&ovre? ifiovXevovro irepl 
t^9 Xoltttj^ iropeia$. ^Avearrj Be Trpcoros 'AvriXecov ©ovptos, 
/cal eXe^ev &Be ■ 'Eyco fiev rolvvv, ecfcrj, a> avBpes, drrelprj/ca 
7]Br] (Tvo-fC€va%6{ievo5 /cal {3aBl%cov /cal rpeycav ical ra oirXa 
(frepcov /cal iv rd^ec Icov /cal (f>vXa/ca<z (j)vXdrra)v /cal fjLa%6fjL€- 
vo$ ' iTTL&vfJLO) Be rjBrj rravadfievo^ rovrcov twv ttovcdv, iirel 
QdXarrav e^ofiev, irXelv to Xolttov /cal i/cra&el$ wcrrrep 
'OBvacrevs /caQevBcov afyi/cecr&ai eh rrjv *EXXdBa. 3. Tavra 
d/covaavres ol arparLcorao dve&opvftrjcrav o>9 ev Xeyoc * /cal 
dXXo? Tavra eXeye, kcli iravres ol irapbvres. "Eireira Be 
Xetpcao(j)o<; dvecrrnf] ical elirev &)3e. 4. $/\o9 {ioi iariv, 3) 
avBpes, Ava%L{3to<Zy vavapyjhv Be /cal rvyydvei. *Hv ovv 
irifi^Jr^ri fxe, otofiat av iX&ecv /cal Tptr/peis e^oov kcli irXola 
ra 97/4S9 a^ovra. 'T/meh S' eiirep rrXelv ftovXea&e, 7repifie- 
vere ear av iycb eX&co • r)%co Be T<z%e<5>9. 'A/covaavTe$ Tavra 
ol arparccoraL 7]or^rjordv re ical i-^rrj^iaavro irXelv avrbv C09 
rdyiara. 



LIB. V. CAP. I. 121 

5. Merd rovrov Eevocpoov dvecrrrj teal eXe^ev &Se ■ Xecpc- 
<jo(\)0$ [lev Br) eirl irXola areXXerat, rjpLeis Be dvapbevovpuev. 
r/ Oaa yboi ovv Bo/cel /caepbs elvai rroielv iv rfj pcovf), ravra 
ipay. 6. Ilpcorov peev ra iinr^Beia Bel 7ropi%ecrSac itc rfjs 
rroXepbias ' ovre yap ay op a icrrcv l/cavr) ovre orov cQwrjcropLe&a 
evTropta el fir) oXiyois rccrlv ■ ?) Be yitpa iroXepbta' klvBvvos 
ovv 7roXXov$ diroXXvaSao, rjv dpLeXws re koI dcj^vXd/crcos 
7ropevrjor8-€ 67rl ra iinrrjBeia. 7. AXXd puou Bo/cel avv rrpo- 
vojials Xap,/3dvecv ra iirLrrjBeea, aXXcos Be pur) irXavdcr&ai, o>? 
cco^rjoSe ■ ?7/m? he rovrcov errtpieXelaSat. 8. "EBo%e ravra. 
"Ere roivvv dtcovcrare fcal rdBe. 'EttI Xelav yap vpicov i/crro- 
pevaovrai rives. OcopLao ovv (BeXnov elvat r][uv elirelv rbv 
peeXXovra i^ievai, <f>pd%etv Be teal oiroi, tva koX rb irkrj&o? 
elBcopuev rcov i^covrcov /cal r&v fievovrcov /cal avpLirapacrteevd- 
^co/xev idv ri 8erj • /cav /3o7]9-rjo~ai rtat /caipbs §, elBcopbev orroi 
Berfaei /3o7]3-e2v • /cal idv res row direiporepcov ey^ecprj re 
iroeelv, crvpbfiovXevojpLev rreepcopievoe elBevae rrjv Bvvapeev e<fi' 
ovs av tcocrev. "EBo^e fcal ravra. 9. 'Evvoelre Be /cal roBe, 
ecj)r]. £%o\r) rots iroXepbioes Xr]t%eo~S-ae ■ /cal Bi/caicos rjpblv 
iirejSovXevovcrev ■ eyop^ev yap ra i/cetveov ■ vireptcd^rrvrae S' 
rjfiodv. <I>vXa/ca<z Br} peoe Bo/cel Belv rrepl rb crparoireSov 
elvae. ^Edv ovv Kara peepos peepecrS-evres (frvXarrcopeev /cal 
G/coTrw/JLev, rjrrov av Bvvaevro rjpbds 3-rjpav oi TroXepeeoe. "En 
roivvv rdBe opdre. 10. El peev r/TreardpieQa aacfrcos ore tf^ee 
rrXola Xeepicrofpos dycov l/cavd, ovBev av eBee &v peeXXco Xe- 
yeev* vvv §' e7rel rovr dBrjXov, Bo/cel peoe ireepaa^ae irXola 
crvfjL7rapao"fcevd£eLV /cal avro^ev. *Hv puev yap eX^rj, virap- 
yovrusv ev^dBe ev a^ovcorepois irXevaovpLe^a* idv Be firj 
dyrj, rots iv^dBe %p7]cr6pLe^a. 11. c Opco B' iyco irXola iroX- 
Xdtcis rrapairXkovra* el ovv alrrjo-dpuevou irapd Tparre^ovv- 
rlcov p^ayjpd rrXola fcardyocp,ev /cal ^vXarroifiev avrd ra 
TrrjBdXea irapaXvoyuevoi eco? av i/cavd ra a^ovra yevrjrai, 
ccrcds av ov/c airoprjaatpiev KopbiBrjs oias Beopte^a. "EBo^e /cal 
ravra. 12. ^Evvorjaare 8', ecj)?), el el/cbs /cal rpe<peiv dirb 
Koivov ov$ av /caraydycop,ev ocrov av yjpovov tjjjl&v eve/ceu 
6 



122 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

/xevcocn, Kal vavXov avv^ea^at, oVo)? chcjzeXovvTes Kal chcpe- 
Xcovtcu. "EBo%e teal ravra. 13. Aotcel toivvv jjlol, ecfirj, rjv 
apa Kal ravra rjfuv purj eKirepaivr)Tai ware dpKelv 7rXoia, ra? 
6Bov$ cW Bvairopovs aKovofxev elvai rats irapa ^saXarrav 
oiKovfJiivcus iroXeatv evTeCXaa^ai oBoTroielv ■ ireicrovTai yap 
Kal Bca to (fiofielcr^cu teal Bia to fiovXecfeat, rjfjbcov airaXka- 
yrjvai* 

14. 'EvTdv^a Br) avetcpayov a>9 ov Beoc oBoaropelv. *0 
Be a>9 eyvco tt\v deppocrvvrjv avTcov, eTretyTjcptcre puev ovBev, tcl? 
Be 7r6XeL<$ i/covcras eiretaev oBoiroielv Xeycov otl ^clttov curoX- 
Xd^ovTCLL rjv eviropoi yevcovTCU al oBoL 15. "EXafiov Be Kal 
TrevT7)KQVTopov it apa tcov Tpaire^ovvTicov, fj eireaT^aav Ae- 
%iirirov Ad/ccova ireploiKOV. 05to9 dfieXr)cra^ tov tjvXXeyeiv 
TrXota cnroBpd*; <px er0 ^^ T °v Hovtov, e^cov Tr)v vavv. 
05to9 pev ovv BUaia eTraSsev vaTepov • ev Qpaicrj yap rrrapa 
^ev^y 7ro\v7rpay/JLOvcov to direct avev viro Ni/cdvBpov tov 
Adic(dvo<$. 16. "EXafiov Be teal TpiaicbvTopoVy y eireGTa^r) 
IIoXvKpdTr}? 'A^rjvalos ■ 09 birbcra XafijSdvoi irXola Karrjyev 
eirl to crTpaToireBov. Kal tcl fxev dycoyijxa eX t.i rjyov e£at- 
povfievoi cpvXaKa? Kd&iGTatrav o7TG)9 crcoa e'er) • Toh Be irXoi- 
<M9 eyjpr)cravTO eh irapaycoyrjv. 17. *Ev & Be TavTa rjv eirl 
Xeiav itjyecrav ol rr EXXr)ves • ko\ ol /lev eveTvy^avov ol Be fcal 
ov* KXeaiveTO? S' e^ayayoov Kal tov eavTov Kal dXXov Xo- 
Xpv Trpos yj&piov ^akeirov auT09 re dire^ave Kal aXXoc ttoX- 
Xol t5)v avv avTco. 



GAP. II. 

1. ^Eirel Be tcl eiriTrjBeia ovKeTL rjv Xapbftdvetv cocTTe 
airav^rjfjLepi^etv eirl to GTpaToireBov, eK tovtov Xafioov 'Bevo- 
tf>o)v rjye/jLovas t&v Tpaire^ovvTicov e^dyei eh AplXas to 
r\\jLicrv tov CTpaTev/naTO^, to Be rj/jbiarv KaTekiire (f)v\aTTeiv 
to crTpaToireBov • ol yap KoX^oi, cure eKTreirTWKOTes tcov 
oikloov, iroWol rjaav cfepooi, Kal vTrepeKd^rjVTO eirl tcov 



LIB. V. CAP. II. 223 

a/cpcov. 2. Oi he Tpaire^ovvTLOL oiro^ev fiev ra eiTLTrjheta 
pahiov rjv Xa/3elv ovk rjyov • <f>i\oi yap avToh rjaav eh tov? 
AplXas he irpo^vfjicos r)yov s vcj> oov /ca/ccos eiracryov, eh x°>P L ' a 
re opecvd teal Sva/3ara teal dv^f pcorrov^ TroXe/jLLKcoTarov^ t&v 
ev too IIovtco. 

3. 'Eirel he rjaav ev rjj avco X^P a oi "EXXrjves, oirola 
tcov %G)plcQV tol<z ApiXaLS dXooaLfJLa eXvai ehoKeL efATwrpavTes 
dirrjeaav ■ Kal ovhev rjv XapbjSdveLV el prq t/9 r) /3o0? r) dXXo tl 
kttjvos to Trvp hLa7recj)evy6s. t Ev S' rjv yjupiov fJLrjTpoTroXis 
avro)v. Eh tovto Trdvres avveppvrjKeaav • irepl he tovto tjv 
yapdhpa iayypw j3cfeela, Kal TrpoaohoL ^aXeiral 7rpo? to 
Xoopiov. 4. 01 he TreXTaaTal irpohpajjiovTes crTahia irevTe rj 
e% tcov ottXltoov hLafidvTes tijv yapdhpav opoovTes irpoftaTa 
iroXXd Kal dXXa xPV/ JLara 7rpoaef3aXXov 7rpo? to ^coplov. 
XwelirovTO he Kal hopvcj)6pot 7T0XX0I oi eirl tcl enrLTrjheLa 
€%G)pfjL7)pLevoL ■ cocr7e iyevovTO oi hcafidvTes irXeiovs rj eh hia- 
%lXlov$ dv^pooTTOVs. 5. \E7rel he jiayop^evoL ov/c ehvvavTO 
Xafiecv to yjspiov, (/ecu yap Tacfrpo? rjv irepl avTo evpela dva- 
fiefiXrjfAevr} Kal aKoXoires eirl Trjs dvaffoXrjs /cal TVpcrei? 
irvKval ^vXtvat 7re7T0Lrjfievac,) dirievai hi] eireyeipovv ■ oi he 
eire/ceivTO avToh. 6. *f2$ S' ov/c ehvvavTO diroTpe^eiv, (rjv 
yap icj> ez/o? r) Kardfiaais i/c tov ^coplov eh tijv %apdhpav y ) 
7re/jL7rovcrL 7rpo? Uevo^ayvTa, 09 rjyetTO tol$ OTrXiTaLs. 7. O 
S' eX^cov Xeyec otl ecrTi ^oopiov xprj/xaTcov ttoXXcov /ieaTov • 
tovto ovTe Xafielv hwd/ie^a ■ laynjpov ydp eaTLV ■ ovTe 
aTreX^eiv pahcov yudyovTai ydp eire^eXrfKv^oTe^ /cal r) d(f)o- 
S09 yaXeirr]. 

8. *A/covcra$ TavTa 6 aevocj^cov irpoaa^/ayoov irpbs ttjv 
yapdhpav tou9 f^ev oirXiTa^; ^ea^at i/ceXevcre Ta oirXa • av- 
T09 he hta/3a<; crvv Toh Xo^ayoh icr/correcTO iTOTepov etrj 
/cpeiTTOV dirdyeiv Kal rou9 htafiefirjKOTas r) Kal tou9 oirXiTa^ 
h t,a/3 1/3 d^ecv o>9 oXovtos dv tov %copiov. 9. 'EhoKet, yap to 
fiev dirdyeiv ovk elvau dvev ttoXXoov veKpo)V 3 eXelv S' dv wovto 
koI oi Xo^ayol to ^coplov ■ Kal 6 gevocbcov avve^coprjae Toh 
iepoh iriGTevcras' oi ydp fiavTec? diroheheiyfjievoi rjaav otl 



124 EXPEDITIO CYKI. 

[Aayrj /xev ecrrab to Be reXos KaXbv t>}? e%6Bov. 10. Kal tov$ 
Liev Xoyayovs eirefiire BtaBijSdaovTa^ tovs oifkiras, avrbs 
S' efievev dvaycDpLcras airavTas tovs TreXraGTas, Kal ovBeva 
eta aKpofioXi^ecr&aL. 11. 'Eirel S' rjKov ol ottXLtcu, etcekevae 
tov Xoyov efcaarov irotrjcrac tcov Xoyaycov a>9 dv Kparcara 
oltjtcu dycovcelcrd-aL • rjcrav yap ol Xoyayol irXrjcrlov dXXrjXcov 
ot Trdvra tov yjpbvov dXXrjkois irepl dvBpaya&las avTeiroi- 
ovvto. 12. Kal ol fiev TavTa eirolovv ■ o Be toIs TreXracrral^ 
iraai iraprjyyeXXe BtrjyKvXcoLievov^ levai, o>9 ottotov crrjfjbrjvr) 
dfcovTi^etv Berjcrov ■ Kal tov$ to^otos eTTij3ejBXrjcr^ai eirl Tal$ 
vevpals, co? ottotov arjjirjvrj TO^evecv Berjcrov Kal tov$ yv/jLvrj- 
Ta$ Xl&cov eyeiv l Jiea " T ^ Ta $ BicpQepa? • Kal tov? eTTiTrjBelovs 

€776^-^6 TOVTCOV iTTLLieXrjS-rjVat. 13. 'ElTel Be TT&VTa 7Tap6- 

crKevacrTO Kal ol Xo^ayol Kal ol VTroXo^ayol Kal ol dfyovvTes 
tovtcov Lirj %eipovs elvai TravT6$ irapaTeTay [levot rjcrav, Kal 
dXXrjXov? pbev Br) crvvecopcov ■ fJLrjvoeiBrjs yap Bed to ywpiov r) 
tcl^is rjv. 11. iirel S' eiraidvicrav Kal r) adXiny^ icp&ey^aTO, 
djia T€ tcZ 'EvvaXccp rjXdXa^av Kal e&eov Bpofxcp ol oirXcTaL, 
Kal Ta /3eXrj ojjlqv icpepeTO, XoyxfU, To^ev/iaTa, crcfievBovat Kal 
irXelcTTOL S' €K twv yeipiov XlS-oi • rjcrav Be o'c Kal irvp irpocr- 
ecbepov. 15. 'Ttto Be tov TrXrjS-ovs tcov /3eXcov eXarov ol 
iroXefiioi tu re crTavpcojJLaTa Kal Ta$ Tvpcrei^' cocrTe 'Ayacrlas 
^TVficfidXtos teal $tX6%evo$ IleXXrjvevs KaTa^eiievoi Ta oirXa 
ev yiTosvi fiovov dve/3rjcrav } Kal aXXos dXXov elXKe, Kal aXXos 
dva/3e/3-)]KeL, Kal iiXcdksl to ycoplov, C09 eBoKec. 16. Kal ol 
fiev ireXTacrTal Kal ol ifrikol elcrBpafiovTes rjpira^ov 6 tl €Ka- 
C7T09 eBvvaTO • 6 Be Uevocfiojv crra9 koto ra9 irvXa? oirocrovs 
eBvvaTo KaTeKcoXve tcov ottXltojv e^co ■ TroXe/iioo yap aXXoo 
ecpalvovTO eir dxpoi? tlctIv icrynjpols. IT. Ov 7roXXov Be 
Xpovov fieTa^v yevouevov Kpavyi] r eyiyveTO evBov Kal ecfiev- 
yov ol /xev Kal e^ovTes a eXa/3ov } Taya Be tis Kal TeTpcofxe- 
vo$ ' Kal ttoX'u? rjv thS-icrLibs djjtcpl Ta 3-vpeTpa. Kal epcDTco- 
Lievoi ol eKTrvTTTovTes ekeyov otl aKpa re ecrTiv evBov Kal ol 
TToXefiioo 7toXXol } ol Traiovcrcv eKBeBpa/jLrjKOTes tou9 evBov dv- 

3-p(D7TOV?. 



LIB. V. CAP. II. -L25 

IS. 'EvTavSa dvetiretv ifceXevcre ToXfiiBiiv tov xqpVKa 
levac eicrco tov /3ovX6/iev6v rt XapL/Sdvecv. Kal cevro 7roXXol 
etcrco, Kal vlkcoctl tovs e/cirnrTOVTas ol e'ltrco wSovfieim Kal 
fcara/cXe {overt roi>? TroXefilovs iraXiv eh Tr)v cixpav. 19. Kal 
ra fiev e£co r?}9 ciKpas Trdvra 6irjp7rda$7] Kal e^eKo/itcravTo ol 
''EXXrjves' ol 8' ottXltcu eSevro to- oirXa, ol piev irepl ra 
aTavpco/iara, ol Be Kara Ti]v oBbv rtpf eirl Ti]v aKpav cpepov- 
aav. 20. f O Se nevocbcov Kal ol Xoyayol ecKOTrovv el olcv r 
€17] ttjV aKpav Xaf3ecv • rjv yap ovtco crcoTTipia dcrcbaXy]? ■ 
ctXXco? Be ttccvv ^aXeirbv iBo/cet elvai direXS-ecv ■ CKO—ov/ie- 
vcts §' avToh eBo^e TTavTairacnv dvdXcoTOv elvai to yjspiov. 
21. 'EvravSa Trapeo-KevdtovTO ttjv dckoBov, Kal tov? (iev 
crravpovs eKaaroi tov$ koSF avrovs Bnjpovv, /cal tov$ d^pel- 
of? Kal (poprla eyjovras e^eirefiirovTO Kal tcov gttXltcov to 
7r\?}5o?* KaTekiTTov Be olXoyayol oh eKCurros eiricTevev. 

22. 'Eirel Be iip^avTO diroy^copelv, eire^eBeov evBoS-ev tto\~ 
Xol yeppa Kal X6yya<; e^ovre^ Kal Kvrj/jiiBas Kal Kpdvrj Ha- 
(pXayoviKa ■ Kal oXXgc earl tcls OLKtas dve/3acvov ra? evS-ev 
Kal evS-ev r?}? eh ti)v aKpav cpepovcri]^ otov ■ 23. coctt ovBe 
BicoKeiv dcrcbaXes tjv koto, tcl? TruAa? tcz? eh tv,v aKpav cpe- 
povcras ' Kal yap %vXa fieydXa eireppiiTTovv dvcoS-ev, &are 
^aXeirbv rjv Kal fievetv Kal airiemu ■ Kal i) vv% cpo/Bepd tjv 
eTriovcra. 21. MayjDfievcov S' avTcov Kal ciTropov/xevcov 3-ecov 
Tt? avToh firjyavip crcDTTjpias BlBcoctlv. 'E^arrlv?]^ yap dve- 
XapL-^rev OLKta tcov ev Be^icz otov £?) evdip-avTO?. f /2? 8* avTii 
cruveiTLirTev, etpevyov ol dirb tcov ev Be£ia olkloov. 25. f /2? 
S' e/iaSev 6 aevocficev tovto Trapd ttj? tv^t]^, evdirretv e/ce 
Xeve Kal Ta$ ev dpicTepa oucuk ■ al Be t-vXivau rjcrav • were 
Kal Tayy eKa'iovTo. "Ecpevyov ovv Kal ol citto tovtcov tcov 
oIklcov. 26. Ol Be fcaTa to crTO/ia Bi) eTC /igvol eXvTrovv koI 
BPjXol rjcrav otc faruceUrovrai ev tjj e^6Bco re /cal KaTaj3dcrei, 

EvravS-a TrapayyeXXec cbopecv %vka ocroo eTvyyavov e^co 
ovTes tcov f3eXcov eh to fiecrov eavTcov Kal tcov TroXefitcov. 

Eirel Be. Ikovcl ijBrj rjv, ivrpjrav ■ ipfprrov Be Kal ra? Trap' 
avTo to yapaKCO\xa ol/clas, ottco? ol TroXepaoi ajufu TavTa 



126 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

€%oi€V. 27. Ovtco /jlo\l$ dirrjX^ov airb rod ya&pLov^ irvp ev 
fieaa) eavT&v teal tcov TroXe/jiioov Troirjadfievoi. Kal /caTe/cav- 
Sr?; iraaa r) iroXcs Kal al oltciai Kal al TVpcrets Kal ra crTavpcb- 
fiara Kal raXka irdvra rrXrjv ttjs aKpas. 

28. Tfj h varepaia diryeaav ol "EXXrjves fyovTe? ra 
iTnrrjSeca. ''Eirel he Tr)v Kardj3acnv ecj)o/3ovvTo ttjv eh Tpa- 
rrre^ovvTa, Trpavrjs yap rjv Kal arevrj^ ^evhevehpav eiroirjaavTO. 
29. Kal dvrjp Mvabs to yevo<$ Kal Tovvofxa tovto e%cov tcov 
KprjTcov Xa/Soov heKa efievev ev Xaaiop xa>pi(p Kal irpocreiroielro 
tov$ iroXefiLOV^ ireipda^ai Xav^sdveiv • al he irekrao avTcov 
aXXore Kal dWore hiecfzacvovTO %aXKaZ ovaau 30. Ol jiev 
ovv TroXe/iLOL ravra hcopcovres i(j)oj3ouvTO go? evehpav ovaav • 
r) he arparcd ev tovtgj Kare(3atvev. \E7rel he ehoKec rjhrj 
iKavbv vireXrjXv^evac tqj Mvctq) earjfjLrjve fyevyeiv dvd Kpdros* 
Kal 0? e^avaard? cj)evyeo ical ol avv avTop* 31. Kal ol jiev 
aXXot KprjTes, dXlaKea^ai yap e&aaav rw h popup, eKireaovre^ 
eK Trjs bhov els vXrjv Kara ra<$ vdiras KvXcvhovp,evoL eaco^rj- 
gov • 32. 6 Mvcrbs he Kara ttjv ohbv (jievycov e(36a fiorj^etv * 
Kal efiorfhrjaav avTop, Kal dveXaj3ov Terpoo/jLevov. Kal avrol 
eirl iroha dveyd>povv fiaXXo/nevoc ol fiorf&rjaavTes Kal dvrcro- 
^evovres rives tcov KprjTcov, Ovtcds dcpLKovTO errl to GTpaTQ- 
Trehov irdvTes acoot 6Vre?. 



CAP. III. 

1. Eirel he ovTe Xetplcrocpos rjKev ovTe irXola iKava rjv 
ovTe Ta eTTCTrjheta rjv XajuftdveLV eTt : ihoKet dirtTeov elvac. 
Kal eh {Jiev Ta irXola tovs re da^ievovvTas evefiifiaaav Kal 
tov<$ virep TeTTapaKOVTa eTrj Kal iralhas Kal yvvaiKas Kal tcov 
o-Kevcov baa jar) dvdyKTj rjv eyetv ' Kal ^iXrjcnov Kal SocfralveTov 
tovs 7rpecr/3uTaTou? tcov crTpaTrjycov elcrfitftdcravTes tovtcov 
eKekevov eTn/ieXela^ac • ol he dXXoc eTropevovTO ■ r) he ohbs 
ojho7TOLov/ievr] rjv. 2. Kal dcj)LKVovvTac Tropevofievot eh Ke- 
pacrovvTa Tpvraloi tto\lv ^EXkrfvlha errl ^aXaTTrj 2, ivayirecov 



LIB. Y. CAP. III. 127 

airoLtcov iv vfj KoX^lhc %cop<z. 3. 'Evrav^a efiecvav r)fiepa<$ 
Sitca ' Kal i^eracrts iv rots ottXois iyiyveTO Kal dpfo/jLos, Kal 
iyevovTO oKTaKtayjiXioL Kal e^aKoatoc. Ovtol iaco^rjcrav i/c 
tcov a/j,(f)l tovs fAvplovs * oi he aXXot, uttcoXovto vtto re tcov 

TToXe/XLCOV Kal T?}? XLQVOS Kal €L Tt? VOLTCp. 

4. ^EvTdifea teal htaXafi/3dvovcn to dirb tcov alyjxaXcoTcov 
dpyvpcov yevdfievov Kal tijv hetcdrrfv fjv tco ^AirbXXcovu i^elXov 
Kal rfj 'Ecpeaia ^ApTefiihc hueXaftov oi arparrjyol to /xepo? 
etcaaTOS (pvXaTTeLV to?? ^€ols* clvtI he Xecptcrocpov Necov 6 
'Aatvalos eXa/3e. 5. &evocf)cdv ovv to fiev tov 'AttoXXoovos, 
avcfarjfMa f iroc7]crd/jLevo<; dvaTL^arjcnv eh tov iv AeXfyols tcov 
'A^rjvaicov ^rjaavpbv Kal iireypa-^re to Te avTov ovofia Kal to 
Upo^evov o? crvv KXedp^co airwave* £eVo? yap rjv avTov. 
6. To he T?}s 'ApTefichos tt}? 'Ecpeala? OTe dirrjec crvv 'Ayrjcn- 
Xdw eK t% 'Aaias ttjv eU Bolcotovs ohov, KaTaXeiiret irapa 
Meyafiv^co tco t?}? ^ApTefJuhos vecoKopco, otl ai/Tos Kivhvvevacov 
ehoKeu levat, Kal iireaTeiXev^ tjv jjuev avTos crco^f), eavTco diro- 
hovvac • el he tl ird^oc, dva^elvat Trotrjcrdfievov ttj 'ApTe/uaho 
6 to oIolto ^aptela^ai ttj ^eco. 7. 'Eirel h" e<fivyev 6 Eevo- 
epeov, KaToiKovvTos i]hr) avTov iv 2 kcXXovvtc vtto tcov AaKehac- 
fiovlcov olKia^ievTL nrapd ttjv 'OXv/ATTiav dcpLKveLTao Meydftv- 
£b? eh 'OXv/JLTTtav ^secoprjacov Kal aTrohihcoaL ttjv TTapaKara- 
^r7]Kr]v avTcS. ttevocpcbv he Xaficov %copiov covetTac ttj ^eco 
ottov dvelXev 6 ^eo?. 8. "ETv%e he hid fiecrov pecov tov %cd- 
ptov TTOTafJibs SeXtvovs. Kal iv 'Ecpeacp he irapa tov t^? 
ApTefiiho^ vecov XeXuvovs TroTafibs irapappel, Kal Iffives he iv 
dfJL&oTepois eveicrL Kal Koyyai • iv he tco iv SklXXovvtc %cop/a> 
Kal ^rjpao irdvTcov birocra icrrlv dypevbjxeva ^rjpla. 9. ^Eiroi- 
rjcre he Kal ftcofibv Kal vabv dirb tov lepov dpyvpiov Kal to 
Xotirbv he del heKaTevcov tcl iK tov dypov copala ^vaiav 
eiroieL ttj ^eco • Kal irdvTes oi iroXlTai Kal oi irpoaj^copoc 
avhpes Kal yvvaiKes [xeTelypv ttj? iopTrjs. Tlapel^e he rj ^eo? 
tols crKr]vovcrLV aXcpLTa, dpTovs, olvov, Tpayrj/maTa, Kal tcov 
^vofxevcov dirb tt}? lepas vo/jltjs Xd%os, Kal tcov ^rjpevofJLevcov 
ce. 10. Kal yap ^tfpav iirotovvTo et? rrjv eopTtjv oi Te He^o- 



128 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

<})6!)Vtos TralBe? Kal ol tqov aXXcov ttoXltcov • ol Be ftovXo/ievot 
Kal avBpes avve^rjpcov Kal rjXccr/ceTO tcl puev e£ avrov tov 
lepov %oopov : tcl Be Kal €/c ttj$ $0X0779, aves Kal BopKaBes Kal 
k\a<fioL. 11. "Ecttl Be 7] y&pci rj etc AaKeBaifiovos eh 'OXv/u,- 
irlav iropevovrciL co? ei/cocrc gtoBlol aTrb rev ev 'OXv/juria 
Alos lepov. "Evl §' ev ra> lepep %(£p(p Kal aXarj fial oprj Bev- 
Bpcov fieard, [/cava Kal avs /cal alyas /cal /3oi)? Tpecfrecv /cal 
ittttovs. coare /cal ra toov eh rrjv eoprrjv lovrcov virotyyLa 
evco^elcr^ac. 12. Ilepl S' avrov tov vabv aXcros rjfjbepcov Bev- 
Bpcov e(f>vrev^7] oca earl rpco/cra (bpaia. *0 Be vab<$ a>9 jJLi/cpb$ 
fjLeyd\(p tco ev 'Ecj>ea-(p ei/caarac teal to %6avov eot/cev 009 
/cvirap Ltt ivov %pvcra) ovtl tS ev ''E^ecrtp. 13. Kal aTTJXr] 
eaTTj/ce irapa tov vabv ypapufiaTa eypvera ■ IEPOS O 
XI2POS THX APTEMIA02. TON AE EXONTA 
KAI KAPHOTMENON THN MEN AEKATHN 
KATA&TEIN EKAXTOZ ET0T2, EK AE TOT 
nEPITTOT TON NAON EUIZKETAZEIN. AN 
AE TIS MB nOIHI TATTA THI OEfll MEAH- 
ZEX. 

CAP. IV. 

1. 'Etc KepacrovvTOS Be Kara ^sdXaTTav fxev e/cojul^ovTo 
o'tirep Kal 'irpoa^ev, ol S' aXXoL kutcl yr)v erropevovTo. 2. 
'Eirel S' rjaav eirl Toh Moaavvol/ccov opioid, irepurovcnv eh 
avTOvs Tt/JLTjo-faeov tov TpairetpvvTiov irpb^evov ovra tqov 
Mocrcrvvol/CGOV, epwTcovTes irbrepov a>? Bia <j)LXla<$ r) a>9 Bia 
TroXefiia? iropevaovTau ttj? %copas. Ol §' elirov on ov Bir)- 
aoiev • eiriaTevov jap rols yoopLOLs. 3. *EvTe\feev XeyeL 6 
TijULrjafoeos on iroXefJLiol elcrtv avToh ol etc tov eire/ceiva 9 
/cal eBofcec /caXecrac e/ceivovs, el /3gvXolvto crvfi/jLaytav irotrjaa- 
o^sai' Kal irefiffiieh 6 Ttyt?7cr/Seo9 rjKev aycov tol>9 apyovTas. 
4. 'Eirel Be d$UovTo 9 avvrp^ov oX Te Todv MocravvoUcov 
apyovTes Kal ol crTpaTijyol toov *EXXt]vcqv Kal eXe^e p>ev 
'Sevocpcjov, r)pfjbrjveve Be TipLTjafoeos. 



LIB. V. CAP. IV. 129 

5. 9 u2 dvhpes MoaavvoLfcot, fjfieZ? /3ovX6/ie^fa htaaco^^vac 
rrpbs ri]v 'EXXdha ire^fj • rrXola yap ovk eyofiev ■ kcoXvovgl 
he ovroc rj/jtas ou? dKovo/xev vpuv rroXepcLovs elvat. 6. El ovv 
fiouXea^e, k^eartv v/jlcv rjjjLas Xafiecv Gv^pudyovs Kal rc/noopy- 
aacr^ac ec re ttcotto^ v/ia? ovroc rjhiKrjGav^ /cal to Xocirbv 
v/awv v7T7]fc6ov$ elvac rovrovs. 7. El he 7]picts dcj)i]Gere : atce- 
yfraa^e iro^ev av^cs av roGavrrjv hvvapccv Xd,6ocre Gvptfiayov, 
8. Ilpbs ravra drreKpivaro 6 cipycov rcov Moggvvolkcov on 
fcal ftovXoLvro ravra /cal heyotvro rrjV crv/m/xa^iav. 9. "Ay ere 
hrj, ecprj 6 aevocpcov, ri r/ficov Serfcrea^e %pi]GaG^at, av Gvpt- 
pcaypt v/jlcov yevcopte^a ; /cal v/iec? ri oloi re eaea^e rj/itv 
Gvpcrrpd^ac rrepl rfj$ htohov ; 10. 01 S' eXrrov on l/cavol 
iafiev el$ rrp yj^pav ela(3dXXetv etc rod errl ^rdrepa rfjv rcov 
vfjblv re /cal i)plv rroXepclcov. /cal hevpo vpuv rrept-^rat vav$ re 
Kal avhpas olrtve? vplv GVptptayovvrac re /cal r?]v ohbv rjyjj- 
Govrat. 

11. 'Errl rovrot? it car a hovres Kal Xaj36vre<z cpyovro ■ /cal 
rjfcov rfj varepaia dyovre? rptaKOGta rrXota ptovo^vXa /cal ev 
efcdarcp rpeh avhpas ■ &v ol fiev hvo e/c(3dvre<; els rd^tv 
e^evro rd birXa* 6 he. eh epteve. 12. Kal ol p.ev Xa{36vres 
rd rrXoca drrerrXevGav ■ ol he ptevovres e^erd^avro &he. 
"Earrjcrav dvd etcarbv fidXtara coairep ol X G P 0i avT i>Grot- 
yovvres dXXijXots, eypvres yeppa rrdvres Xev/ccov fiooiv haaea, 
el/caa/jbiva Ktrrov rrerdXop ■ ev he rfj he^ta rraXrbv a>? e^drrrj- 
yy, epLTrpoa^ev ptev Xoyyrjv eyov, orrtG^ev he avrov rov %vXov 
Gcfiatpoethes. 13. XiTcovLG-fcovs he evehehv/ceaav vrrep yovd- 
rcov. rrdyos cb$ Xtvov arpco/narohecrpLOV errl rfj /cecpaXfj he 
Kpdvrj Gtcvriva, olarrep rd UacpXayovt/cd, /cpcofivXov eyovra 
/card fjiecrov, eyyvrdra rcapoechfj ■ eiyov he Kal aaydpei? o~ihr}- 
pas. 14. 'Evrev^ev e£r\pye fxev avrcov eh, ol 8' ciXXot, rrdvre? 
irropevovro ahovres ev pv^pLcp, Kal hceX^ovres hid r&v rd^ecov 
Kal hca rcov orrXwv rcov *EXXt]vgov irropevovro ev^vs rrpos rov? 
rroXe/jLiovs errl yo) plov o iSoKec emfxayodrarov elvat. 15. 
'fltKelro he rovro rrpb tt}? rroXews rrjs /jLTjrporroXecos KaXovp,e- 
vtjs avrols Kal eyovarj^ rb aKpbrarov rcov Mo&gvvoikcov. Kau 

6* 



130 EXPEDITIO CTRL 

irepl tovtov 6 TroXepios rjv ■ o/ yap del tovt k'xpvres iBoKovu 
iyfcparets' elvai teal nrdpTcop Moctctvpoikcop. Kal ecpaaav 
tovtovs ov hcKaicos ^X €LV T0VT0 9 dXXd kocpop op KaTaXa/SoPTa? 
Tfkeovefcreiv. 

16. Elttopto S' avTocs Kal tcop *EXXtjpcop rivh y ov ra- 
ffievre? vrrb tcop crrparvycov dXX' dpirayrj<$ eveicev. Oi Se 
TToXe/jLtoc irpocrcopTcov Tecos peep rjcrv^a^ov ■ eVel S' iyyvs eye- 
vovro tov ^copcov, i/cSpa/jLOPTe? TpeiropTac avTovs ■ Kal direr 
Kreivav av)(yov$ tcop fiapfidpcop Kal tcop avpapa/SdvTcop C EX- 
Xrjpcop Tipd?) Kal eSicoKOP /ze^pt? ov elBop tovs ''EXXrjpas /3or)- 
^ovpraSj elra Se diroTpairopbepoc co^opto* 17. Kal dirore- 
fjLOPreSj rds KetfcaXa? tcop peKpcop enreheUpvaap tocs re tr EX- 
Xrjac Kal to ?? eavTcop TroXe pilots ■ Kal d/ia eyopevop po/ico tcpI 
aSoPTes. 18. Oi S' (/ EXXt]P€s fidXa tj^opto otc tov? t€ 
iroXefjblovs eTreiroLrjKecrap ^pacrvTepovs Kal otc oi e^eXSoPTe? 
"EXXrjpe? ctvp avTols eTrecpevyecrap fxdX opt€$ crvypoi* o ovttcq 
irpoa^ep eireiroLrjKecrap ip ttj crTpaTelq. 19. aepoepcop Se 
crvjKaXecras tovs f/ EXXrjpas elirep • "Aphpes crTpaTCcoTac, pcrj- 
hep a^VfjLrjcnrjTe epeKa tcop yeyepypcepcop * laTe yap otc Kal 
dya^bp ov piecop tov KaKOv yeyeprjTai. 20. UpcoTOp /iep yap 
iirlo-Taa^e otc oi pceXXopTes tj/jlcp rjyec^ac tco optc TroXepaoi 
elcrcp olcTTrep Kal tj/jlcis dpdyKT) ■ eirecTa Se Kal tcop *EXX7]pcop 
oi dcf)pQPTC0~T7]O"aPTe<z ttjs ctvp t)/xcp Ta^eco? Kal Uapol rjyrjcrd- 
fjcepoc elvai ctvp toc? (3ap(3dpots TavTa nrpaTTeip direp ctvp 
rjficp BIktjp SeScoKaacp ■ cocrre averts tjttop ti)<$ rjfieTepas Ta^ecos 
dTroXec^roPTac. 21. '-4/VV u/xa9 Se? TrapacrKevd^ea^ac ottcos 
Kal T069 cptXois ovctc tcop /3ap/3dpcop So^eTe KpeiTTOv? ovtcop 
ecpac Kal toIs TroXefiloc^ hrfkcoaeTe otc ov% 6/jloiocs dphpdcrc 
jjia^ovPTac pvp re Kal 6Ve to?9 aTaKTocs i/md^opTO. 

22. TavTTjp fiep ovp tt)p rjfiipap ovtco? efieipap • ttj S' 
vcTTepaia ^vaaPTes eTrel eKaXXceprjcraPTO dpccrTrjcraPTes, op^l- 
ov$ tou9 Xo^ou9 TrotTjcrd/bLepoL, Kal rou9 f3ap/3dpov$ eirl to evco- 
vvpLOP KaTcc TavTa Ta^dflepoc eiropevoPTo tov$ TO^oTas jxeTa^v 
tcop Xoycop op^slcop ovtcop e^pPTes, viroXecirofjiepov^ Se fxcKpop 
tov cTTopbaTo^ tcop ottXctcop. 23. *Hcrap yap tcop woXe/JLLcop 



LIB. V. CAP. IV. 131 

oi ev^covot Kararpe^ovres tol<? Xfoots eftaXXov. Tovrov? ovv 
dveareXXov ol ro^orat teal oi nreXraarai • oi 8* aXXoc fidhrjv 
eiropevovro rrpcorov ptev errl to y&piov a$> ov rfj rrporepaia oi 
fidpfiapoi erpdirrjaav teal oi avv avrois. 'Evrav^a yap oi 
iroXepttoc rjaav avrirerayptevoi. 24. Toi)$ ptev ovv rreXraard? 
ehe^avro oi /3dp/3apot fcal eptd^ovro • €7re6 S* iyyvs rjaav oi 
brrXlrat, erpdirovro. Kal oi ptev nreXraarai et&u? eXirovro 
hioofcovres dvco rrpbs rr\v pLrjrpbiroXiV ■ oi he orrXcraL ev rd^ec 
elirovro. 25. ^Errel $ dvoo rjaav rrpb<$ rats rrjs ptrjrpoiToXews 
otKtats, evrav^sa h?) oi rroXepuoL optov hrj irdvres yevoptevoc 
iptd^ovro teal e^rjKOvrt^ov rots iraXrols • Kal dXXa hopara 
e^ovres ira^ea puaicpd, baa dvfjp dp cfrepoc ptoXts, rovrots erreL- 
pwvro dptvvea^ac i/c %eLpo$. 

26. 'Eirel he. ovy^ vcj)tevro oi ''EXXrjves, dXX' optoae e^co- 
povv, ecjzvyov oi fidpftapoi Kal evrev^ev drravre^ Xiirovres to 
%coptov. O Be fiaatXevs avrcov 6 ev rep ptoaavvt roo iir 
d/cpov ojKohoptrjptevtp bv rpetpovac irdvres Kotvfj avrov ptevovra 
Kal <pvXdrrovatv ovk tf^eXev i^eX^elv, ovhe oi ev tc3 rrporepov 
aipe^evrt ^ooplcD, dXX' avrov avv to?? ptoaavvots KareKav^rj- 
aav. 27. Oi K rf EXXrjve<; htaprrdtpvres ra ywpia evptaKov 
^Tjaavpovs ev rals otKt'ats dprcov vevrjptevcov rrarpiovs, co? ecf)a- 
aav oi MoaavvocKoc ■ rbv he veov alrov avv rfj KaXdptrj diro- 
Ketptevov * rjaav he ^etai ai rrXeiarat. 28. Kal heX<fiivcov 
reptd^r] ev dptcfropevatv evptaKero rerapt^evpteva Kal areap ev 
rev^eat rcov heX(j)ivcov^ & i^pcovro oi MoaavvotKOC KaHsdrrep 
oi "EXXrjves rcb iXatco. 29. Kdpva S' iirl rcov dvcoyaicov rjv 
rroXXd ra rrXarea ovk eyovra hta<pvfjv ovhepttav. Tovrco Kai 
rrXetarco air to e-^pcovro etyovres Kal dprovs birr&VTes. Oivos 
S' evptaKero o? aKparo<; puev o^u? ecfralvero elvac vrrb t?}? av- 
arrjporijro^ * Kepaa^els he evcohrj? re Kal rjhvs. 

30. Oi pbev hrj "EXXrjve? dptarrjaavres evrav^a eiropev- 
ovro eh rb Trpoaco, rrapahbvres rb ywp'iov rot? avpipia^aaac 
rcov MoaavvoiKcov. *Oirbaa he. Kal dXXa rraprjeaav yjspia 
roov avv rols rroXe pilots ovroov, rd evrrpoaohoorara oi ptev eXet- 
rrovy oi he eKovres rrpoae^oopovv* 31. Td he rrXelara rotaS* 



132 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

r)v tcov ^copicov direi^ov al TroXei? air dXXrjXcov ardSta 
dySo?)KOVTa, al Se irXelov al Se pielov • dvafiocovTcov Se aXXr}- 
Xcov crvvrjKovov eh rrjv erepav i/c t?}? erepas 7roXeco<;. Ovtco? 
vtyrfKrj re teal koiXtj rj y&>pa rjv. 32. *Eire\ Se Tropevo/Jievoi ev 
Toh (jjiXocs rjaav, eireSeUvvarav avToh iralSa? tcov evSaijiovcov 
enrevrovs, Te^papLfjievovs Kapvois ecp^ioh, diraXovs real XevKov? 
acpoSpa Kal ov vroXXov Seovra? lcroi/9 to itKcltos /cat to fxrjKo^ 
elvai ■ ttoikiXovs Se tcl vcoTa Kal to, efjarpoa^ev irdvTa icrTt- 
ypuevovs dv^e/uLLOV. 33. ''EQfjTovv Se teal Tah eTaipai^ ah 
rjyov ol "EXXrjves i/mepaveds avyy ivea^ai • vbjxo^ yap rjv ovtos 
acpicri. AevKol Se irdvTes ol avSpes Kal al yvvaiKes. 34. 
Tovtovs eXeyov ol GTpaTevadfJbevoi fiapfiapcoTaTovs Sie~hSselv 
Kal irXelaTOV tcov c EXXtjvikcov vo/jlcov KeycopiajLevov^. "Ev 
Te jap b'xXco ovTes eiroiovv direp av dv^pcoTroi ev eprjfxia nroirj- 
aretav, aXXco? Se ovk av ToXjicoev • \xbvoi Te- 6vTe$ ojxoia eirpaT- 
tov airep av jieT dXXcov oWe? ' SieXeyovTO Te eavToh Kal 
iyeXcov i<f> eavToh Kal cop^ovvTO icpiaTa/jievoi ottov Tvypiev 
coGirep dXXois eiriSeiKVVjievoi. 



CAP. 7. 

1. Aid TavTTjs Tr}<? %o>pa? ol "EXXrjveg, Sid T€ t?5? iroXe- 
fjiias Kal ttj<$ (fiiXias, eTropev^rjaav oktco GTa&fiovs, Kal dept- 
KVOvvTai eh XdXv(3a$. Ovtol oXiyoi rjaav Kal virrjicooi tcov 
Mogvvoikcov ' Kal 6 /3lo<z rjv Toh irXeiGTois avTcov dirb GiSrj- 
peias. 'EvTevQev dcfiiKvovvTai, eh Tifiaprjvovs. 2. f H Se 
tcov Tij3aprjvcov %copa TroXi) rjv ireSivcoTepa Kal ^copia el%ev 
iirl QaXaTTT) tJttov ipvfivd. Kal ol GTpaTrjyol e^prj^ov 7rpo? 
tcu %G)pta irpocrfidXXeiv Kal Trjv GTpaTidv ovrj&rjvai tc Kal 
tcl %evia a rjKe irapa TifSaprjvcov ovk iSe^ovTO, aXX* i7npiel- 
vai KeXevaavTe? ecrTe fiovXevcraiVTO i&vovTO, 3. Kal ttoXXo, 
Kara&vcrdvTcov TeXos direSet^avTO ol jiavTeis iravTes yvco/XTjv 
otl ovSapur) TrpocrioivTo ol Seol tov TroXe/iov. 'EvTev&ev Sr) 
tcl %evia eSe^avTO, Kal co? Sid cpiXias Tropevofievoi Svo rjfjiepas 



LIB. V. CAP. V. 133 

dcpiKOVTO efo Korvcopa, irbXiv 'EXXrjvlBa, Xivcoirecov diroi- 
kovs, ovras S' ev ttj Tifiaprjvcbv %wpa. 

4. Mixpos ivravS-a eire^evaev rj arpartd. JIXtjQos rrjs 
tcaralSdcrem ttjs bBov dirb Trjs ev BaftvXcbvt, fid^r)? dyjpi et9 
Korvcopa araS^fiol i/carbv eiKoac Bvo, irapacrdyyai e^aKocrioi 
Kal eiKoai, ardhioi [ivptoi Kal oKTaKicryiXioi /ecu e^a/cocrtOL • 
yjpbvov 7r\?)$09 oktco fjLrjves. 5. 'EvravQa e/iecvav rjfiepa^ 
T€TTczpdfcovTa irevre. 'Ev Be Tavrais irpcorov puev rols Qeols 
eSvcrav, Kal tto {iTrds iiroirjaav /card eQvos eKaaroc tcov r EX- 
Xijvcov, Kal dyebvas yv/jLVCKovs. 6. Td B' eiriTrjBeLa eXdpbfia- 
vov ra [ilv eic T7j<z IlacpXayovlas, rd B' etc rcov ^coptcov rcov 
KoTVcoptrcbv • ov yap irapel^ov dyopdv, ovB' 669 to recaps 
tou9 dcrQevovvras eSe^ovro. 

7. 'Ev rovTcp epypvTai e/c %tvco7T7)<; irpecrfieis, cfiofiov/jievot 
Trepl tcov KorvcopiTcbv ttj? re 7rbXecos, (rjv yap i/ceivcov, Kal 
<j)bpov$ eKelvoL$ ecfiepov,) Kal Trepl t?}9 %cbpa<$, ore tjkovov 
hrjovjievrfv ■ Kal eXS-bvre^ eh to orTpaTOTreBov eXeyov ■ Trpot)- 
ybpei Be 'EKaTcbvvfjios Betvb? voiAi^bfievo? elvai Xeyew. 8. 
"Eirepb^ev r)\id^, & dvBpes crTpaTCcoTat, 7] rcov Xivcoirecov 
ttoXls eiraivecrovTas re vjia^ ore eviKaTe "EXXrjves ovres fiap- 
ftdpovs, eireiTa Be Kal avvTjcr&rjcTo/JLevovs oti Bid ttoXXcov re 
Kal Becvcbv, &>9 f)fJt,el<$ aKovofiev, Trpay\iaTcov aecrcocTfjbevot ird- 
pecrTe. 9. 'A^iovfiev Be, "EXXrjves 6Vre9 Kal avTol, vcj> 
v/jicbv ovtcov 'EXXrjvcov dyaS-bv jxev tl Trdcr^eiv, KaKov Be /jlt]- 
Bev ovSe yap rj/iel^ v/ias ovBev ttgottoS' vTnjp^a/iev /ca#eo9 
iroiovvres. 10. KoTveopcTat Be ovtoI elcri fiev rjfieTepoL airoi- 
koi ' Kal ty]v %cbpav rj/JLets avTots TavTrjv irapaBeBcoKafiev 
fiapftdpGVS d^eXb/ievoi ■ Bcb Kal Baafibv tj/jllv cpepovaiv ovtol 
TeTayfievov Kal KepacrovvTioi Kal TpairetpvvTioi cbcravTW 
&a& 6 tl dv tovtov? KaKov Troir}arjTe rj ^ivcoirecov ttoXls 
vofjbi^ei irda^eiv. 11. Nvv Be aKovopbev u/za9 669 Te ttjv tto- 
Xlv /3ta TrapeXrjXv&bTas evtovs ctktjvovv ev ra?9 oiKiai^ Kal eK 
tcov ycopicov Xa/jb/Sdvecv &v dv BerjcrS-e ov Trei&ovras. 12. 
Tavr ovv ovk d^tov/Jbev ■ el Be TavTa TTOLrjcreTe, dvdyKrj tj/jlcv 



134 EXPEDITIO CYEI. 

Kal KopvXav teal HatyXayovas Kal aXXov ovTiva av Bvvco/jl€- 
$a> cplXov 7roLelo-Qcu. 

13. Ilpbs ravra avacrras Uevcxficov virep tcov crTpaTLCQ- 
tcov elirev • 'H/xeh Be, co avBpes ^ivcoTreh, rjKOfiev ayaTrcovres 
otl ra acofMara BceacocrdfjLe&a Kal ra oirXa • ov yap rjv Bvva- 
tov apa re %prjfia,Ta dyeiv Kal (f>epetv Kal Toh iroXepblot^ 
fid'xeaS-ac. 14. Kal vvv eirel eh ra? 'EXXrjvlBa? 7roXec$ 
rjX&ofjbev, ev Tpaire^ovvn fiev, irapelypv yap tj/jllv ayopdv, 
covov/nevoc efyofiev ra eTTLTtfBeia, Kal dvS? cov eTifirjaav rj/jbd? 
Kal %evia eBcoKav ry arpana, avrerc/jLco/jLev avrovs • Kal el 
Ti$ avToh <fiiXo$ rjv tcov ftapfidpcov, tovtcov a7re^6//,e$a • 
tov$ Be TroXefJblovs avTcov icj> ovs avrol rjyolvro KaKcos eiroiov- 
/juev ocrov eBvvdpbe&a. 15. 'Epcorare Be avrovs biroicov tlvcov 
rjjuLcov erv^pv nrdpeicri yap ev^dBe 01/9 r)fuv rjye/JLova? Bid 
cpiXlav r) itoXls crvveirefi'^fev, 16. t! Oiroi S' av eX&ovTe? ayo- 
pdv p,}) e^cQ/JLev, av re eh fidpfiapov yr)v av re eh 'EXXrjvlBa, 
ov% v/3pet dTOJ dvdyKT) Xa/ji/3dvofiev ra eTTLTrjBeia. 17. Kal 
KapBov%ov<z Kal Tao^ovs Kal XaXBaiov<z, Kalirep /SaaiXecos 
ov% vtttjkoovs ovras, o/jlco<z, Kal fidXa cfyoftepov? ovras, TroXe- 
filovs eKTrjcd/jLeQa Bid to dvdyK7]v elvai Xafifidvecv ra eTTLrrj- 
Beca, eVel ayopdv ov irapel^ov, 18. MaKpcova? Be Kalirep 
fiapftdpovs ovras, eVel ayopdv oiav eBvvavro irapelypv, </>/- 
A01/9 T€ evofii^ofjbev elvac Kal ft la ovBev iXafiftdvo/juev tcov 
eKecvcov. 19. KoTveopiTas Be, 0&9 v/xeTepovs (pare elvai, el tl 
avTcov el\rj(^afiev, avrol alnol elcrtv • ov yap 009 cplXoc irpocr- 
e^epovro rjfjLtv, dXXd kXeicravTes Ta9 7rvXa<$ ovr elcrco eBe- 
%ovto ovr e%co ayopdv eirefjarov • tjtlcovto Be rbv Trap" vficov 
dpfioG-Trjv tovtcov acTtov elvat. 20. *0 Be Xeyei? ftla ira- 
pek&ovTas aKTjvovv, rjfjbeh ^tovfjuev tou9 Ka/xvovTas eh Ta9 
GTeya? BigaaQat ■ e7rel Be ovk dvecoyov ra9 irvXas, fj rjixd^ 
iBe^ero avTo to %coplov Tavrrj elae\$6vTe<z aXXo fjuev ovBev 
ftlatov i7roL7]crafjLev crKrjvovcn S* ev Tah CTTeyaw ol KafivovTes 
Ta eavT&v BairavtovTes • Kal ra9 irvXas eppovpov/xev, ottcos fir} 
eirl tco vfieTepco dpjjLocrTrj cocrtv ol KajuivovTes rj/xcov, dW e<j) 
rjfiLV fi KOfilaacr&aL orav /3ov\,(t)/JL€$a t 21. Ol 8' aXXoi, a>9 



LIB. V. CAP. VI. 135 

opare, CKrjvovpLev vTralSpiot ev rfj rdgec, 7rapecrK€vacr/ievo[ y 
av fiev ti% ev ttolt}, avrewroieiv • av Be KaK&s, dXegacrSac. 
22. *A Be r)7rei\7)cra<; a>9 rjv vpJiv Bo/cf) KopvXav Kal IlafyXa- 
yova? (TVfJLiia'Xpvs 7TOLT]creo~&e i<j> r)p,a<;, rj^el^ Be rjv /lev dvdy- 
kt] 77 TroXepuijaop^ev Kal afifyoTepois ■ 77S77 yap koi aXXocs ttoX- 
XaTrXacrioLS v/xcov eiroXepii-jcrapLev* av Be Botcf) rjpiiv, /cal tbiXov 
TTOLTjaofjiev tov IIacf)Xay6va. 23. 'Afcovofiev Be avrbv Kal 
eiri&vpLelv t?}? u/^erepa? 7ro\ea)9 koi ^coplcov t&v eiriSaXaT- 
tlojv. netpacro/jLeQa ovv av par pan ovres avrtp &v eTrcS-v/iel 
cf)iXoc ytyveaS-at. 

24. 'jE/c tovtov piciXa piev BrjXoc rjaav oi avpL7rpea/3ei$ rco 
'Efcarcovvficp yakerraivovTe^ tol? elprjpLevois. IlapeXQcov S' 
avrcov aXXos elirev ore ov TroXepLov iroirjaopLevoi rjtcoiev, aXX 
€7riBei%ovTe<; ore <\>iXol elcrl, Kal ^evlots, rjv piev eX&rjre 
777209 rr}V Sivcoirecov ttoXlv, ifcel Be£6p,e3-a ■ vvv Be tov? ev- 
QdBe fceXevaopbev BtBovai a Bvvavrac • opcopiev yap rravra 
dXrjQr) ovra a Xeyere. 25. 'Ek tovtov %evtd re eirepLTrov oi 
KoTvcoptTac teal oi aTpaTrjyol tcov 'EXXr^vcov e^evt'Cpv tov$ 
t6)V Xivcoirecov Trpeaftets ■ koX 7rpb<; dXXijXov? 7roXXd Te Kal 
e7rcT7]Beia BieXeyovTo tcl Te aXXa Kal ire pi ttjs XoLTrfjs tto- 
pelas eirvv^dvovTO Kal &v eKaTepot iBeovTo, 



CAP. VI. 

1. TavTrj p,ev Tjj rjpLepa tovto to TeXos eyeveTO. Tfj 8' 
vGTepaia avveXe^av oi aTpaTip/ol tov$ aTpaTtcoTas, Kal eB6- 
Kei avTols 7repl 7779 Xolttt)? Tropelas irapaKaXeaavTas toi>9 
XiVGyrreas ftovXevea&ai. JEtre yap ire^fj Beoc Tropevea&ai,, 
'XpijcripLoi, av eBoKOW elvai oi ^ivcoirel^ rjyovpbevoi ■ epLireipoc 
yap rjcrav tt]<z HafyXayovias ■ ehe KaTa 3-dXaTTav, TrpoaBeiv 
eBoKet Stvco7reo)v ■ piovot yap av eBoKOW iKavol elvat TrXoca 
TrapaGyelv dpKovvTa ttj crTpaTia* 2. KaXecravTes ovv tou9 
7rpecr/Se69 GweftovXevovTO, Kal rj^iovv "EXXrjva? ovTas r/ EX- 



136 EXPEDITIO CYKI. 

Xrjcrt rovrcp irptorov fcaXcos BeyecrS^at tg> evvovs rt elvat fcal 
ra fiekTUTTa avfifiovXevetv. 

3. 'AvacrTas Be *EtcaTcbvvfio$ irp&rov fiev dnreXoyrjaaro 
irepl ov elirev o>? rov IIa(p\ay6va (j^lkov vrotijorotvio, ort ovy 
a>9 rots "EWrjcrt TToXe/irjaovTcov acf^cov eXirot, dX)S ort i%bv 
rot? (3apj3dpot$ cptkovs elvat rov? "EXkrjvas aiprjaovrat. 
'Eirel Be cvfifiovkevetv eKeXevov, eirev^dfievo? coBe elirev 6 4. 
El fiev avfijSovXevotfit a /3ekrcard fiot Sotcet elvat, iroXXd 
fiot /caya&a yevotro ■ el Be fir], rdvavrta ■ avrrj yap r) lepa 
avfiftovXrj Xeyofievrj elvat Bo /ce t fiot irapelvat • vvv yap Brj dv 
fiev ev crvfij3ovXevaas dpav&, iroXXol eaeaS-e oi eiratvovvres 
fie • av Be tca/ccos, 7roXXol ecrecr&e oi Karapcofievot. 5. Ilpd- 
yfiara fiev ovv olS* ort 7roXij irXeico e^ofiev, edv Kara QaXar- 
rav fcofjLityioS-e ■ r)fid<$ yap BerjG-et ra irXola iropl^etv • r)v Be 
Kara yr}$ areXXrjoSe, vfids Berjaet rov? fiayofievov^ elvat. 
r/ Ofico<z Be Xefcrea a ytyvcoafcco ■ 6. efiTretpo? yap elfit teat 
rr)$ %(bpa<; tcov Ila^Xayovcov /cat tt}? Bvvdfieco^ • eyet yap 
\h %^P a ] dfi(f>6repa, teal ireBta KaXXtcrra teal oprj vtyrfXo- 
rara. 7. Kal rrpcorov fiev olBa et^u? fj rrjv elcrfSoXrjv dvd- 
ytcr] irotela&at ■ ov yap ecrrtv dXXrj r) y ra teepara rov opovs 
rr)<z oBov tea$* etedrepd iartv v^rrfkd • a teparetv KareyovTe^ 
Kal irdvv bXlyot Bvvatvr dv tovtcov Be Kareyofievcov ovS* 
av oi irdvres avSpcoirot Bvvatvr dv BteX&etv. Tavra Be teal 
Bei^atfit dv, el fioi rtva fiovXotaQe Gv/nrifityat. 8. "Enretra 
Be olBa teal TreBia ovra Kal hrrreiav rjv avrol oi /3dp/3apot 
vofittpvGt Kpetrrco elvat dirdcrr)? rrj<; /3acrtXeco<; irnrelas. Kal 
vvv ovrot ov irapeyevovro ftacr tXel KaXovvrt* dXkd fiet^ov 
<f>povet 6 dpycov avrebv. 9. El Be Kal Bvvrj&etre rd re oprf 
teXe^rat r) <fi$do~at \a/36vTe<? Kal ev t& ireBiq) Kparrjcrat fiayp- 
fievot tovs re iirireh tovtcov Kal ire^cov fivptdBa? irXelov r) 
BcoBeKa, r/^ere eVi tov$ irorafiov^, trpwrov fiev rov Oepfico- 
Bovra, evpos rptcbv TrXe&pcov, ov %a\e7rbv olfiat Bta/3alvetv 
aWcos re xau iroXefilcov ttoWcov fiev efurpocrQev ovtcov nroX- 
\S)V Be oTrtcr&ev errofievcov • Bevrepov S' *Iptv, rpiifXe&pov 
(ocravTcos • rptrov 8* r/ A\vv, ov fietov Bvotv araBiotv, ov ovk 



LIB. V. CAP. VI. 137 

dv hvvaiaSe dvev itXolcov hiaj3r)vac • irXola he rfc ear at 6 
irape^cov ; o>9 8' avrco? kol 6 TIapBevLo? a(3aro<$ ■ et\> ov 
eXSoire dv, el rbv r/ AXvv 8iaf3at7)Te. 10. 'Eych fiev ovv ov 
^aXeirijv vfilv elvac vofit^co rrjv iropeiav dXXa iravrdiracrcv 
dhvvarov. *Av he irXerjre, ecrrcv evSevhe fiev eh Xcvcoirr\v 
iraparrXevcrac, itc Scvcoirrjs he el$ 'Hpdfcketav ■ ef 'HpaKXeca? 
he ovre ire^fj ovre Kara 3-dXarrav diropca iroXXd • yap Kal 
irXocd ecrrcv ev 'Hpa/cXela. 

11. 'Eirel he ravra eXe^ev, ol fiev inranrteuov <j>i\ia<$ 
evefca rfjs KopvXa Xeyecv ■ Kal yap rjv irpb^evo? avrco • ol he 
Kal a>9 hcopa Xrf^rbfievov hca rrjv o~Vfi(3ovXr)v ravrriv* ol S' 
vircoirrevov Kal rovrov eve/ca Xeyecv a>9 fir) iretfj Ibvre? rr)v 
Xivcoirecov re X&pcLV kclkov ipyd&cvro. Ol S' ovv "EXXrjve? 
eyfrr]cj)LcravTO fcard SdXarrav rrjv iropeiav iroceco~9-ac. 12. 
Merd ravra frevodicov elirev • 9 S2 Scvcoirecs, ol fiev dvhpe? 
yprjvrac iropeiav rjv vfiecs avfif3ovXevere' ovrco S' e^ei' el 
fiev irXola ecreaS-ac fieXXec l/cavd dpc&fico a>? eva firj tcaraXei- 
ireerS-ac ivS-dhe, rjfiels dv irXeocfiev ■ el he fieXXocfiev ol fiev 
KaraXetyecr&ac ol he irXevcrecr&ac, ovk dv ifi/Sacrjfiev eh rd 
irXola. 13. TcyvcocrKOfiev yap on oirov fiev dv k par co fiev, 
hvvalfief¥ dv real crco^ecrQac koX rd eircrrjheca eyeiv • el he irov 
rjrrov? rcov iroXefilcov Xrjcp&rjcrbfie&a, evhrjXov hrj ore ev dv- 
hparrbheov %&pa eabfie3-a. U. * Afcovaavres ravra ol irpe- 
<7/3e69 e/ceXevov irefirrecv irpecrl3eis ■ Kal irifiirovac KaXXlfia- 
yov ^Aptcdha Kal 'Apicrrcova 'AS-rjvacov Kal SajibXav ' Ayaibv. 
Kal 1 fiev coyovro. 

15. *Ev he r ovrco rco yjpbvcp tievoepcovre, opcovri fiev birXc- 
ra$ ttoXXovs rcov * EXXrjvcov, opcovrc he Kal ireXracrrd^ iroX- 
X0U9 Kal ro%6ra<z Kal acpevhov7]ra<; Kal lirireas he Kal [judXa 
rjhri hod rrjv rpffiiv tKavovs, ovra^ $* ev rco Uovrco, (evS-a ovk 
dv air bXiycov yjprjpudrcov rocravrr] hvvafits irapecTKevdoS^rj,) 
KaXov avrco ehoKet elvai Kal ^ccpav Kal hvva\iiv rfj 'EXXdhc 
irpoGKriqcraG&ai ttgXlv KaroiKicravra^. 16. Kal yevecr&ab dv 
avrco ehoKet fieydXr], KaraXoyi^ofievco rb re avrcov irXijQos 
Kal T01/9 irepiotKovvras rbv Ilbvrov, Kal eirl rovroc^ e9-vero 



138 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

irpiv tlvl elirelv rcov crrpartcorcov XiXavbv rrapateaXea'at; rbv 
Kvpov fjL&vTLV yevofjuevov rbv 'AfjLfipateicbrrjv. 17. 'O Be 
XiXavos BeBiob? firj yevrjrao ravra teal teara/ieivy irov rj ar pa- 
red, etetpepec eZ? rb crrpdrevfia Xoyov ore Bevo<pcov fiovXerai 
Karapuelvat rr\v arpandv teal itoXlv olteiaaL teal eavr& ovofia 
teal hvvafiLV TrepiTroLifjaaa^aL. 18. Avrbs $* 6 2iXavb$ eftov- 
Xero on rdyiara efc ttjv *EXXdBa dfateecr&ai, • 01)9 yap rrapa 
Kvpov eXafte rpia^CXiov^ Bapetteovs, ore ra? Betea rj/jiepas 
fjXrj&evcre &v6/jL€vo$ Kvpcp, Bieaecrcbteei. 19. Teov Be arparico- 
row, eirel rjteovaav, toZ$ fiev eBoteec fieXnarov elvai teara/iec- 
vai, ro?9 Be rroXXol? ov. Ttfiacrccov Be 6 AapBavev? teal 
©copa^ 6 Bomotios 77-/309 ifiTropovs riva? rrapovra^ rcov 'Hpa- 
teXecorwv teal % tvco7recov Xeyovcrcv ore el firj eteiropLovcri ry 
arparta fjaa&bv cocrre e^etv ra eirirrjBeta eteirXeovTas, ore 
teivBvvevo-ei \xelvai roaavrrj Bivapa^; ev r£> IIovtg) ■ fiovXeve- 
rai yap Sevocpcbv teal rjjxa^ 7rapafeaXet, eireiBav eXBy ra 
irXola, Tore elirelv e^aicfrvr]? ry crrparta • 20. "AvBpes, vvv 
fiev opcofjLev rjfias airopovs ovras teal ev r<p diroirXco e^eiv ra 
eTTirrjBeia teal &>9 otteaBe a7reX$6vra<z ovrjaai ri tou9 oiteoi. 
El Be /3ovXecr&e rrjs tevteXcp %d)pa<; rrepl rbv IXovtov olteovfie- 
z/779 ete\e%dfjLevoL otttj av jSovXrjG-Qe tearaa^elvy teal rbv fiev 
e&eXovra dirievai otteaBe, rbv Be e&eXovra [xeveiv avrov, 
irXota Be vjmv rrdpeariv, cocrre otttj av /3ov\r]cr&e egalcpVT]? av 
einnrecroLTe. 

21. ' ' Ateovaavres ravra ol efiiropoi drrtfyyeXXov rat? iro- 
Xecn ' (rvveireyb^e S' avrol? Tifiaatcov 6 AapBavevs ^Epvfia- 
%6v re rbv AapBavea teai ©copatea rbv Botconov ra avra 
ravra epovvras. SivcoTreZs Be teal 'HpateXecorao ravra dteov- 
cravres irefiirovaL rrpb? rbv Tc/jbacrLcova teal tceXevova rrpo- 
crrarevaai \a/36vra ^prjfiara ottco^ eierrkevay v) arparcd. 
22. c O Be aafjuevos dteovcras ev crvXXoyco r&v arparccorcov 
ovrcov Xeyev rdBe • Ov Bel rrpoaeyeiv ftovr), & avBpes, ovBe 
rrj<z *EXXdBo$ ovBev irepl rrXeiovos iroielarQaL. 'Ateovco Be 
rivas QvecrQai, errl rovrqy ovS* vplv Xeyovras. 23. ^Ttti- 
orftvov/JLai, Be v/jllv av ete7rXer]re y arrb vov/jLrjvia? /jLLoSocjiopav 



LIB. V. CAP. VI. 139 

irape^eiv. Kvfytcrjvbv etcdaT(p rod pLrjvos • Kal cc^co vpbds eh 
Tifv TpcodSa } ev&ev /cat el/xt cjivyds ■ Kal virdp^ec vplv rj epur) 
7roXi? • itcovres yap fie Se^ovTac. 2i. ' HyrjaopLac Se avrb? 
iya) evSev iroXka ^p-qpLara Xrj-^reaS-e. "EpbireLpos Se elpa ttJ? 
AlokiSos teal tt}? <frpvyla$ teal t?)? TpcodSos Kal tt\s <&apva- 
ftd'Cpv dpyr\<$ rrdarj^ • ra pbev Sid to i/celQev elvat, rd Se 
Sea to crvveaTpareva^at ev avrfj crvv Kkedp^cp re ical Aep- 
KvXkiSa, 

c 

25. ^ AvacrTas S' avQts Ocopat; 6 Bomdtlo? o? del irepl 
G-Tparrjylas "EevocpcbvTt epbdyeTo, ecj)r], el e^ekSocev ex rod 
IIovtov, eaeaS-ac avToh Xeppovrjaov X c * ) P ap ^ a ^h v Ka ^ evSal- 
fiova, cocrre tS ^ovkopuevcp evoiKelv, t£> Se /jltj fiovkopbevcp 
dirievai o'UaSe • yekolov 8' elvai, ev rfj 'EkkdSc ovcriys xcopas 
ttoWt}? teal dcp&ovov, ev rfj fiapftdpeov pLacrrevetv. 26. "Ecre 
S' civ, ecf)?], e/cel yevrjoSe, /cayco KaQdirep Ttpbaatcov viricryyov- 
piat vfilv tt]V puaS-ocpopdv. Tavra S' ekeyev elSd><$ a Tipbaai- 
covt oi 'HpaKkecorat teal oi %ivco7reh eirayyekocvTo &are 
ercTfkelv, 27. c O Se aevocfrcov ev tovtco ealya. 'Avao-Tas Se 
$i\7]crLo<$ zeal Avtccov oi ' Ayaiol ekeyov co? Seivbv eir\ ISia puev 
Bevocpcovra 7rei3-eiv re tcarapbeveiv ical SvecrBao virep t?}? 
fjLOvrjs pLrj Kotvovpbevov rfj crrpaTia • eh Se to koivov pirjSev 
dyopeveiv irepl tovtcov ■ &crre rjvayfcdcr&7] 6 zevocfrcov dvaarr]- 
vai fcal elirelv rdSe ■ 

28. 'Eyco, 3) avSpes, 3-vopbat, pbev o>9 opdre oirbaa Svvapbao 
/col virep vpL&v teal virep epuavrov, oircos Tavra Tvyydvu* Kal 
keycov ical vocov teal irpdrrcov birola pbiWec vpuiv re KaXkiara 
teal apcara ecreoSai, teal epuoL Kal vvv eS-vopirjv 7repl avrov 
tovtov el apbecvov ecrj dp^eaS-at Xeyecv eh vped? teal Trpdrrecv 
irepl tovtcov rj nravTairacn pirjSe aTrrea&ai rov irpdypbaro^. 
29. Xikavbs Se pioc 6 pbavrcs diretepivaTO to pbev pLeyiarov, rd 
tepd teaXa elvat • fjSec yap Kal epbe ovte direipov ovra Sea to 
aet irapelvai rot? lepoh ' eke^e Se oti ev Toh iepoh fyatvoiTo 
Ti? o6\o9 Kal €TTi(3ovkr) epioi, cj>? dpa yiy vcockcov oti avrbs 
eirefiovkeve SiafidXkeiv pue 7rpb<; u/xa?. 'EgrjveyKe yap tov 
\oyov o>9 eyco irpaTTeiv Tavra Siavooipbr\v rjSr) ov ireiaa^ 



140 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

v/jtds. 30. \Eyob Be el fJtev ecopcov airopovvras vjutas, tovt av 
eaicoTrovv d(j> ov av yevotTO ware \afi6vTa<$ ty-ia? iroXtv tov 
puev /3ov\6fjL€VOV aTTOirXelv rjhrj, tov Be /jltj /3ov\6jjl€vov, eirel 
KTrjcraiTO Uava coare Kal tovs eavTCv ol/cecov? dx^eXrjcrab Tt. 
31. \E7rel S' opo) v/jlZv teal ra ttXolcl irefjarovra^ r Hpafc\ecb- 
ra9 fcal ^tvcoireZs ware eKifkeZv, teal /jttcrQbv vTrta^vovfievov^ 
vjjlZv dvBpas drrb vovfir)v[as, tcakov fiot BoKeZ elvat aco^ofievov^ 
ev$a ftovkojueSa fjaaS^bv tt}$ acorrjpta^ Xa/mfidvetv • Kal avros 
re avairavoiiai eKeivr\<$ ttj<$ Btavolas, /cal oiroaot 7rpo? ifie 
irpoafjeaav, XeyovTe? C09 XPV Tavra Trpdrreiv, dvairavaa- 
a$al (f}7]fju yjpr\vai. 32. Ovrco yap ytyvcoaKco • ojjlov fiev 
6Vt69 ttoWoI coairep vvvl Sotcecre av [iot /cal evTtfiot elvat /cal 
e%etv ra eirtTT)Beta • iv jap t& /cpareiv iarc /cal to Xafi/3d- 
vetv rd tcov tjttovcov ■ BtaairaaQevTes S' av /cal Kara fJttKpa 
yevofievrjs rrjs Bwdfjceoos ovt av rpcxfcrjv BvvatG&e \afi/3dvetv 
ovt€ yaipovTes av diraXkd^atTe* 33. Ao/cel ovv [lot direp 
Vfuv, eKiropevear&at eh ttjv 'EWdBa • /cal lav Tt$ fjteivrj 7) 
diro\vK(£>v rtva XrjcpQr) irplv iv da^dkeZ elvat irav to (TTpd- 
Tevfia, Kpivea^ai avTov a>? dBtKovvTa. Kal otco BoKeZ, ecj^rj, 
TavTa, dpaTCO ttjv \eZpa. * Averretvav diravTe^;. 

34. f O Be 2t\avbs e/36a } /cal eTre^elpet Xeyetv a)$ BiKatov 
ei7] dirtevat tov ftovkojuevov. 01 Be aTpaTtcoTat ov/c r/vet- 
%ovTO y dX)C rjireiXovv avT& oti el \rjtyovTat a7roBtBpdo~KOVTa, 
ttjv $L/C7)V eTrferjGoiev. 35. 'EvTev^ev eTrel eyvcoaav oi 
*Hpafc\eci)Tai oti eKifkeZv BeBoy/jtevov ecr) /cal &evo(j)cov avTo? 
eTre^rj^ucods eh], Ta fiev ifKoZa irepmovcri, Ta Be ^prjfiaTa, a 
virea^ovTO Tifiacrlcovt, /cal 0copa/ct e^eva/Jbevov rj&av ttjs 
/jbia^ocj^opd^. 36. 'EvTav^ta Be eKireifKrjy pivot rjaav Kal 
eBeBol/cecrav ttjv GTpaTtdv ol tt\v pta^o^opdv virea^fxevot. 
Uapa\a{36vTe$ ovv ovTot Kal tov<$ aXkovs CTpaTrjyov? oh 
dveKeKolvcovTO d irpoa^ev enrpaTTOv, (rrdvTes S' fjaav ttXtjv 
Necovo? tov 'Aatvaiov, o? Xetptaocjxp v7recrTpaT7]yet, Xetplcro- 
<f)0<; Be ov7rco Traprjv^) ep^ovTat 7rpo9 'Bevo^covTa, Kal Xeyovatv 
oTt /jteTa/JteXot avToZs, Kal Bokolt) KpaTtcrTov elvat TrXeZv eh 
$aatv 3 eirel ifkoZa eaTt, Kal Karaa^eZv tt]V <&aaiav(bv %co- 



LIB. V. CAP. VII. 1^1 

pav. 87. AItjtov B' viBovs irvy^ave fiacrtXevcov avTcov. 
ttevocpcbv S* dire/cptvaro ore ovBev dv tovtcov eliroi eh rrjv 
I (TrpaTiav ' vpueh Be avWi^avre^, ecj^y, el j3ov\ecr&e, Xeyere. 
'Evrav^a diroBeiKVVTai Ttfiacrieov 6 AapBavevs yvcopbTjv ovk 
eKtcXrjCTLa^eiv, dXkd tol>9 avrov e/cacrrov Xo^ayovs irpcoTOv 
Tretpacr&ai, irelQeiv. Kal dnreXSovTe? ravra eirolovv. 



CAP. VII. 

1. Tavra ovv ol arparccoTac dveirv&ovTO irparrofieva. 
Kal 6 Necov Xeyeu <&9 ftevocpcov dvaireireiKco^ tov<$ aXXovs 
(TTpaT7]yov<; 3 BcavoelraL ayetv tovs crrpartcoTa^ e^airarrjaa^ 
rrakiv eh tfracrtv. 2. * AKovaravTes Be ol arTparicoTai %aXe- 
7TW9 ecpepov Kal avXXoyoc eyiyvovTO Kal kvkXol gvvigtclvto' 
Kal jjbaka (j)o/3epol rjaav /irj iroirjaeiav ola Kal tovs tcov KoX- 
ycov fajpvfcas eiroirjcrav Kal tou9 ayopavo/juov? • ocrot yap firj 
eh rrjv QaXarrav Karecj)vyov KareXevaShjaav. 3. ''Enrel Be 
ycr&dvero Bevocpcov eBo^ev avTco o>9 Ta^tara crvvayayelv av- 

I tcov dyopdv, Kal firj edcrai avXXeyPjvai avro/JLarov? ■ Kal 
eKekevcre tov KrjpvKa crvXXeyecv dyopdv. 4. 01 S' eirel tov 
KrjpvKos rjKovaav crvvehpafjiov Kal pidXa eroifjicos. 'EvravQa 
Bevoc^cov tcov fMev aTpaTrjycov ov KaTrjyopei, qtl rjX&ov 7rpo9 

1 avTov, Xeyeo Be coBe • 

5. 'Akovco Tivd BiaftdXXecv, co av$pe$, e/ie 009 eyco dpa 
e^airaTTjcra^ vpid^ fieXXco dyeiv eh ^clctlv. ^AKOvaaTe ovv 
fjiov 7rpo9 &ecov ' Kal edv fiev iyco (paLVCo/iat dBtKcov, ov yjpr] 
pue evS-evBe direX&elv irplv av Bco Bckijv ■ av K v\uv cj>atvcovTac 

< d$LKovvTe$ ol epie Biaj3dXXovTe<; 3 ovtcos avToh xprjcrSe cocTirep 

i a%iov. 6. 'Tpueh S' ecprj, icrTe Brjirov o&ev tjXlos dvicr%ei Kal 
07rov BveTat • Kal otl edv fiev tl$ eh ttjv *EX\d8a peWy le- 
vaty 7rpo9 ecrirepav Bel iropevecr&ai • rjv Be rt9 ^ovK^Tai et9 
tou9 fiapftdpovs, TOVfjLiraXtv 7rpo9 eco- "Ecttlv ovv octtls tov- 
to av BvvaiTO v/jLa<; e^airaTrjcrai o>9 rfXios ev&ev piev dvlcryei, 
BveTai Be evTavQa, ev&ev Be BveTai, dvlcr^ei 8' evTevQev ; 



142 EXPEDITIO CYKI. 

7. *AXXa firjv /cal tovto ye eTricTTacT&e ore /3opea? fiev egco 
rod Uqvtov eh rrjv 'EXXaBa <pipeb, votos Be elaco eh Qclctlv I 
/ecu Xeyere, orav fioppds Trvey &)? icaXol ttXoI elatv eh Tr)v \ 
'EXXdBa. Tovto ovv eariv oirm tl$ av v/ias e^arr UTrjaab 
(bar ejJijBatveiV oirorav votos irvey ; 8. 'AXXa yap oirorav 
yaXrrvr) y ififiifta). Ov/covv eyco fiev ev evl irXolcp irXevcro- 
fiab, vfieh Be TOvkayiGTOV ev e/carov. Ua>9 av ovv eyco rj 
f3iacraL/u,7)v v/ias avv i/iol irXelv fir) fiovXofJLevovs rj e^aTraTrj- 
cra$ ayotfjii ; 9. Hollo 8* vfid? i%a7raT7)&evTa$ /cal /carayorj- 
TevQevra? vir ifiov rj/ceiv eh <$>clctlv • /cal Br) /cal dirofSaivofLev 
eh rr)v %copav yvcoaeaS^e Brjirov on ovtc ev rfj r EXXdBb ecrre* 
/cal eyco fiev ecrofiab 6 e%r)7raT7)/cco<; eh, vfieh Be oi e%r)7raT7)- 
fievob iyyij? fivpicov eyovres onfka. Hco? av ovv eh dvrjp 
fiaXXov Bolrj Bi/crjv rj ovtco irepl avrov re /cal vficov fiovXevo- 
fjbevo? ; 10. *AX}C ovtol elcrtv oi Xoyob dvBpcov /cal rjXi&icov 
real ifjiol cpQovovvTcov, on eyco vcf> vjjlcov TbficbfiaL. Kairoi ov 
BtfcaLcos y av fiob cp&ovolev. Tlva yap avrcov eyco /ccoXvco rj 
Xeyeiv ei rh tl dya&hv Bvvarai ev vfilv, rj fidyecr&ab et tl<$ 
eMXec virep vjxcov re /cal eavrov, rj eyprjyopevai irepl rfj? 
vfierepa^ dcrcfcaXeias eirbfieXofievov ; Tl yap ; dp^ovTa? 
aipovfievcov vjjlcov eyco rbvb ifiiroBcov el fib ; Hap ir) /u, dp^e- 
tco • fiovov dyaSov tl itolcov v/acl? cpaLvecr&co. 11. 'AXXa 
yap i/jiol fiev dp/cel irepl tovtcov to, elprjfieva • ei! Be tl$ vjxcov 
rj avros e^airaTrjSrjvab av olerab ravra, rj aXXov e^airarrjcrab 
ravra, Xeycov BLSaa/circo. 12. r/ Orav Be tovtcov oXls eyr)Te, 
fir) direXBr)Te nrplv av d/covar)Te olov opco ev Trj crTpaTLa 
dp'xpjjievov irpdyfia • o el eirebCTb /cal ecrTab olov vTroBeL/cvvcTLV, 
copOj r)fuv fiovXevecr&ab virep r)ficov avTcov fir) /cdfCLCTTOL Te /cal 
aicrybcTTOb avBpe<; aTrocpabvcofie&a /cal 7rpo? &ecov /cal 77730? 
dvSpco7rcov /cal (piXcov /cal iroXe/jLLCov /cal /caTa<fipovr)$cofiev. 
13. ' A/covcravTes Be TavTa oi CTpaTLcoTab iS^av/iaadv Te 6 tl 
eir) teal Xeyebv e/ceXevov. 'E/c tovtov dpyeTab irakw • ^Ettl- 
cTTaar^se ttov OTb "fccopia rjv ev roh opecrb /3apj3apb/cd, cpiXLa 
Toh KepacrovvTLOLS, oiaev /caTbbvTes Tbve<; /cal iepela eTrcoXovv 
r)fuv /cal aXXa cov elj^ov. AoKOvcrb Be fiob /cal vueev Tbves eh 



LIB. V. CAP. VII. 143 

to iyyvrdrco ycopcov tovtcov iX^ovTes dyopdcravTes tl irakw 
aTreX^elv. 11. Tovto KaTapua^cov KXedpeTos 6 Xoyayb? otl 
fcal /jLCfcpbv etr) Kal dcj)vXa/CTov Bid to cplXoov vopui^eLV elvaL, 
epyeTaL eir avTOvs tt}? vvktos &)? irop^rjacov, oiBevl rjpicov 
elircov. 15. Aievev6r)T0 Be, el XdftoL ToBe to %coplov, eh ph> 
to (TTpaTevfia pajKeTL eX^elv, i/ifta? 8' eh nrXolov ev & eTvy- 
yavov oi avcrKTjvoL avTOv irapairXeovTe^, Kal evitepLevos el ti 
Xd/3oL, diroirXecov ofyea^cu e£co tov IIovtov. Kal TavTa 
trvvcopLoXoyrjcrav avTco oi etc tov ttXoiov GverKrjvoL, co? €700 vvv 
alcr^dvofAcu. 16. HapcucaXecras ovv ottogov^ eireC^ev rjyev 
eirl to ycopiov. Uopevo/xevov Be avTov cf&dvet rj/Jbipa yevo- 
/Jievr), /ecu GvcrTavTes oi av^pcoiroL dirb Icryvpcov tgttcov fidX- 
XovTes Kal TTdLOVTes top Te KXedpeTov dirotCTeivovcn, Kal tcov 
aXXcov Gvyyovs ■ oi Be Ttves teal eh KepaaovvTa avTcov diro- 
%copovcrc, 17. TavTa 8' fjv ev tjj rjpiepa rj v/pieh Bevpo e^cop- 
fioojiev Tretfi. Tcov Be irXebvTcov eTi Tcves r/aav ev Kepa- 
govvtl, ovirco dv^ypuevoL, MeTa, tovto, a>? oi KepaaovvTLOL 
Xeyovaw, dcpL/cvovvTac tcov etc tov ycopiov Tpeh dvBpes tcov 
yepatTepcov 7rpo? to kolvov to rj/ieTepov yprj^ovTe? eX^elv. 
18. ^Eirel Be rjpias ov KaTeXa/3ov, 7rpo? tovs KepacrovvTcov? 
eXeyov otl ^avfid^otev to rj/xlv Bo^etev eX^ecv eVl clvtovs. 
*E7rel fievTOi acpeh Xeyecv, ecpacrav, otl ovk dirb kolvov ye- 
volto to TTpayjJLa, rjBea^ai Te clvtovs koI /liXXeLV iv^dBe 
irXelv, a>9 rjfitv Xe^aL tcl yevofieva Kal tov<? veKpovs KeXeveov 
clvtovs ^fdiTTeLV Xa(36vTa$ tovs tovtov Beopuevovs. 19. Tcov 
8' aTToepvyovTcov TLves *EXXrjvcov eTvyov eTL ovTes ev Kepa- 
aovvTL • alo^ofievoL Be tovs fiapftdpovs ottol loLev clvtql Te 
eToXfJLrjcrcLV /3dXXeLv Toh XfooLs, Kal Toh oXXols irapeKeXev- 
ovto. Kal oi dvBpe? dird^vi^cTKOVCTL Tpeh ovt€<z oi irpecrfieLS 
KaToXevcfeevTes. 20. 'Eirel Be tovto iyeveTO, epyovTaL 7rpo? 
rj/jLcis oi KepaaovvTLOL Kal XeyovcrL to wpdyfia ■ Kal rj/xeh oi 
GTpaTrjyol aKOVcravTes rj^opLe^d Te Toh yeyevrjpLevoLS Kal 
efiovXevofjie^a avv Toh KepacrovvTiois 6irco<z av TacfreLTjcrav oi 
tcov *EXXrjvcdv veKpoL 21. SvyKa^/xevoL 8' e^co^ev tcov 
ottXcov i^atcpvrjs aKoiofiev ^opvjBov iroXXov Hale irale, f3dXXe 



144: EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

ftdXXe. Kal Taya hrj opcopiev 7roXXov$ irpoa^eovra^ Xfoovs 
eyovTas iv rats X e P c7 h T0 ^ ? ^ Kai dvatpovpbevovs. 22. Kal 
ol puev KepaaovvTioL w? civ Kal ecopaKOTes to Trap eavTols 
Trpay/Lia, heiaavTes diroycopovai irpos tcl irXola. **Haav he 
pi] A ia Kal 7)fjLcbv ol eoeicrav. 23. "Eycoye purjv rjX^ov irpbs 
avrovs Kal rjpcoTcov 6 tl £gtl to it pay pa. Tcov S' rjcrav piev ot 
ovoev jjSecrav, o/xw? Se Xfoovs elypv iv rafc yepcrlv. \E7ra- Se 
elhoTL tlvI iveTvyov, Xeyei puoi otc ot dyopavopbot, hewoTaTa 
TToiovGi to orTpaTevpua. 24. *Ev tovtco t£? opa top dyopavb- 
flop ZrjXapyov irpbs Trjv ^sdXaTTav diroycopovvTa^ Kal dveKpa- 
yev ■ ol S' cos rjKovcraV) coairep rj avbs dyplov rj iXdcpov cpavev- 
tos levTai iir avTov. 25. Ol 8* av KepaaovvTioi cos elSov 
bppcovTas ko^ avTOvs, cracpcbs vopi'iCpvTes irrl acpas tea^ac, 
cpevyovcrc Spopico Kal ipuriiTTovcnv els Trjv ^fdXaTTav. SvveLcr- 
eireaov oe Kal rjpcov avTcov Tives, Kal iirvlyeTO octtls velv firj 
iTvyyavev iiriaTdpLevos. 26. Kal tovtovs tl 8ok€lt€ ; rjol- 
kovv puev ovSev, eSeiaav Se /jltj XvTTa tls coairep kvctIv r)plv 
ipLireTTTcoKoi; El ovv TavTa TotavTa ecrrac, ^aedcraa^e o'ia r\ 
KaTdaTaais rjplv eo~Tai Trjs aTpaTia?. 27. 'TpLels fxev ol 
irdvTes ovk ecrea^e Kvpioi ovt dveXecfeai iroXepLOV cS av /3ov- 
Xrja^e ovTe KaTaXvcrai ■ IB la he 6 /3ovXopLevos a^ei GTpaTevpia 
icp o ti av ^eXy. Kav Tives irpbs vpas lcoctl 7rpeo~/3eis rj elpr)- 
vrjs SeopevoL rj dXXov two's, KaTaKavovTes tovtovs ol fiovXofie- 
voi 7TOir)crovcnv u/xa? tcov Xoycov pLrj aKOvcrai tcov irpbs vp,a<$ 
Iovtcov. 28. ^EireiTa Se ov? puev av vfiels airavTes eXrja^e 
apyovTas, iv otSepua yjopa eaovTac ■ octtls S' av eavTov eXrj- 
Tai cTTpaTrjybv Kal i^eXrj Xeyetv BdXXe (SdXXe, ovtos eaTao 
iKavbs Kal apyovTa KaTaKavelv Kal ISlcdttjv bv av v/icov i^eXy 
cifcpiTOV, rjv coaiv ol iretaopievoL avTco, coairep Kal vvv iyeveTO. 
29. Ola S' vpuv Kal Biaireirpdyacnv ol axfhalpeToi ovtol GTpa- 
TTjyol GKe-^racr^e. Zrjkapj(Q$ piev yap 6 dyopavopios el piev 
dSiKec vpiczs, oiyerai diroirXecov ov Sou? vpuv Slktjv • e^ 8e pLrj 
dhiKel, cpevyeo etc tov crTpaTevpiaTos cetcras pcrj dSlKce? aKpiTOS 
aTro^avr}. 30. Ol oe KaTaXevaavTes tovs rrpecftets SceTrpd- 
£avTO vplv /jLovois piev tcov 'EXXrjvcov eh KepacrovvTa pLrj 



LIB. V. CAP. VIII. 145 

dcrcbaXes elvai av pur) avv layyl dcpiKveta^ac ■ tovs Se vexpovs 
ots rrpoa^ev avrol oi fcarafcavovres i/ceXevov ^dirrecv, rovrov^ 
Sterrpd^avro pcriSe avv KiqpvKico ere dacpaXes elvac dveXea^ac. 
Tk yap e^ieXrjaec Krjpvt; levac KrjpVKa? drreKrovoo^ ; 31. 
9 A XX , f)iieZ<i Kepaaovvrlcov ^d^rac avrovs eSerj^rj/iev. El peev 
ovv ravra KaXcos ^X eL> ^°^ TC0 vfuv eva cb$ rocovrcov eaopei- 
vcov Kal (f>v\a/cr]V ISia rroirjar) res Kal rd epvpeva virepSi^ea irec- 
parac eyodv ctktjvovv. 32. El peivroc vfilv SoKel ^rjplcov dXXd 
per) dv^ pcorrtov elvac rd rocavra epya, aKorrelre rravXav riva 
avrcov el Se pay 7rpo? Acos 7rco? r) S-eot? ^vaopeev rjSicos rroc- 
ovvre? epya daeftrj, rj rroXepc{oe<; rrcos /xa^ou/xe^a 3 t)v dXXtfXov? 
KarafcaLvco/xev ; 33. IIoXcs Se cfccXia t/? r/peas Several, rjres 
av bpa roaavrrjv dvopelav ev rjpev ; 'Ayopdv Se rk d£ec *&ap- 
pcov, rjv irepl rd peeyeara rocavra e£ap,aprdvovre<; epaevcopee- 
Sra ; Ov Se Sr) nrdvrcDV olope^a rev^ea^ac eiratvov, 77? av 
rjpa? rocovrovs ovras eiracviaecev ; rjpeecs peev yap olS > ore 
TTovrjpovs av cpacypeev elvac rovs rd rotavra irocovvra^. 

34. 'Ek rovrov dveardpeevoc rrdvres eXeyov rov<$ peev rov- 
rcov dp^avras Sovvac Slktjv. rov Se Xocirov pcrjKerc e^eevac dvo- 
/x/a? ap^ac* edv Se res dp^rj, dyea^ac avrov? eirl ^avdrco ■ 
rov$ Se arpariiyov^ eh St/cas rrdvras Karaarrjaac ■ elvac Se 
Sifcas ical el re aXXo res rjSl/C7]ro e£ ov Kvpos drri^save * Sc/ca- 
ards Se rov$ \o%ayov$ erroerjaavro. 35. Uapacvovvros Se 
frevocptovros Kal rcov pdvrecov avpe^ovXevovroov eSo^e Kal 
Ka^rjpac to arpdrevfia. Kal eyivero KaOsappcos* 



CAP. VIII. 

1. *E8o!;6 Se /cal rovs crrparrjyovs Stfcrjv vrroGyecv rod 
TrapeXyXv^oro? %povov. Kal ScSovrcov <I?cXr]crco$ fiev cocpXe 
Kal Hav^CKXrjs t?}? cpvXaKrj? rcov yavXcKcov ^prjfidrcov ro pcei- 
co/xa e'iKocrc fjevas. Socfralveros Si, ore dp^cov cccpe^el? Karr]- 
piiXec, Se/ca pevas. Eevocfyoovros Se Karrjyoprjadv rcves <f)d- 
cTKovre? rraiea^ac vtt avrov Kal a>9 vfipityvros rr)v Karrjyo- 
7 



146 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

piav eiroLOvvro. 2. Kal 6 Eevocfroov avaaras eKeXevaev ehreiv 
tov rrpoorov Xe^avra itov Kal errXriyrj. c O he diroKplverai* 
''Ottov Kal too piyei aTrcoXXv/jie^a Kal X L ^ V ^Xeiarr) r\v. 3. 
f O S' elirev • *AXXa jjltjv Kal yeijxvovos ye ovros oXov Xeyets, 
airov he errLXeXoLTroros, olvov he firjh' oafypaivea^aL 7rapov, 
vtto he ttovcov 7roXX(bv dirayopevovroov^ iroXefiioov he eiropbk- 
vcoVj el ev roiovroo Kaupco vfipiCpv, 6/JboXoyco Kal rcov ovcov 
vftpiarorepos elvac* oh cfraaiv vtto tt}? vftpeoo? kqttov ovk 
eyylyvea^ai. 4. fr O[ioo^ he Kal Xe%ov, ecj^rj, eK rlvo? eVA^y^?. 
Uorepov fjTovv ae n Kal eirei [ioi ovk ehihoos eiraiov ; dXX* 
airr/row ; dXXa ire pi rraihiKoov /Aa^o/ievo?, dXXa /jue^voov erra- 
poovrjaa ; 5. *Enrel he rovrcov ovhev etyqaev imjpero avrov el 
oirXirevou Ovk e<p7j. UdXiv el TreXrd^oc. Ovhe rovr ecj)r)' 
dXX rjfitovov eXavveiV) ravels virb rcov ctvctktjvcov eXev^epos 
aov. 6. Evraifea hrj dvaytyvcoaKev avrov Kal rjpero ■ *H av 
el 6 rbv Kayuvovra dirdyoov ; Nal fid A l\ ecj>r] • av yap 
r/vdyKa^es* rd he rcov ejxoov avaKrjvoov aKevrj hceppcylras. 7. 
\4\\' rj fiev hcappc^ns, e^>rj 6 tievo<fioov 7 rotavrrj T£? eyevero. 
AtehwKa dXXois dyeiv Kal eKeXevaa irpos ifie dirayayelv Kal 
diroXafioov diravra acoa direhcoKa aoi, irrel Kal av e/juol dire- 
hec%a<$ tov dvhpa. Olov he to irpdyiia eyevero aKOvaare, 
ej)Tj • Kal yap d^cov. 

8. 'Avrjp KareXeiirero hid to fir] Ken hvvaa^at 7ropevea^at. 
Kal eyoo tov fiev dvhpa roaovrov eyiyvooaKov on eh rjfioov 
elr] • rjvdyKaaa he ae rovrov dyetv, w? /irj diroXoiro • Kal yap, 
a)? eyoo olfxai, rroXe/jbtoc rj/mlv efyeiirovro. 9. Svvecfrr) tovto 6 
dv^fpodTros. Ovkovv, ecj)7] 6 'Sevocjjcov^ iwel irpovTrefi'tyd ae y 
KaraXa/ji/3dvco av^is avv roh 6iria^iotyvXa%L irpoamv fio^spov 
bpvrrovra a>? Karopv^ovra tov dv^spooirov * Kal eVicrra? 67777- 
vovv ae, 10. ^Eirel he TrapearrjKorcov rj/icov avveKa/Jbyjre to 
aKeXos 6 dv7]p, dvgKpayov ol irapovre^ on %r) 6 dvrjp* av S' 
eiTres ■ r Oir6aa ye fiovXerat a>? eycoye avrov ovk d^co. 'Ev- 
rav^a eiraiad ae • aXyfisr] Xeyeis * eSo^a? yap fiot elhon 
eoiKevai ort ety], 11. Tl ovv ; ecfrrj, rjrrov ri direct avev, eirel 
eyoo aoi direhei^a avrov ; Kal yap rjfxeh^ ecfrr) 6 Bevocfrcov, 



LIB. V. CAP. VIII. 



147 



iravres airo^avovfie^a* tovtov ovv eve/ca %a)vra$ rjuds het 
KaTopv^rjvaL ; 12. Tovtov fiev dve/cpayov irdvre^ a>? 6\iya$ 
iralaetev • dXXovs Se e/ceXeve Xeyeiv htd tL efcaaros e7rXrjyr]. 
'E7T€i S' oltc avlaravTO, avros kXeyev. 

13. 'Eyco, & dvhpes, optoXoyco iralaat hr) avhpas eve/cev 
ara^ias ocrot? crco^ea^at ptev rjpfcei ht rjptds, ev Ta^et re lov- 
tcov /col pta^optevcov oirov heot, avrol he XtirovTes ra? razees 
Trpo^reovres dpird^etv rfieXov Kal rjpL&v irXeovefcrelv. El he 
tovto irdvTes eirotovptev, airavres av aTrcoXo/xe^a. 14. "HSt] 
he /cat ptaXaKiKoptevov rcva Kal ovk i^eXovra dviaraa^ac 
dXXd irpotepuevov avTov tols 7roXeptcot$ /cal eiratcra /cat iftia- 
adptrjv iropevea^sat. Ev yap tc3 Icryypco ^etptoovt /cal avTos 
TTore dvafiivcov nvds crvo-fceva^ofjiivovs KaSsetypLevos o~vyybv 
yjpovov /care/JLa^ov dvaards pioXts /cal rd a/ceXrj ifcrelvas. 15. 
'Ev e[iavT(p ovv irelpav Xa/3a>v etc tovtov /cal dXXov 6tt6t€ 
Xhotptt tca^rjiievov /cal j3XafcevovTa : rjXavvov ■ rb yap Ktveta^aat 
/cal dvhpi^ea^at irapelye ^epptaaiav Tivd /cal vypOT7]Ta ■ to 
he Ka^rjcr^at /cal rjav^lav eyetv ecopcov virovpyov ov tg3 re 
aTTOTrriyvvG^ai to alfxa /cal t&> aTroarjireG^at tov> tgov irohcov 
Sa/CTvXovv direp ttoXXovs ko\ v peels lctt€ 7ra5(Wa?. 16. 
"AXXov Be ye tcrco? viroXetirbpLevov ttov hid paaTcovrjv /cat 
/ccoXvovTa /cal vptas tov<? 7rpocr3-ev /cal rjptds tou? oirtaQev 
7ropevecr3at eirataa ttv^, ottcos pur) "Xoy^rj vtto tcov TroXeptlcov 
TralotTo. 17. Kal yap ovv vvv e^eartv avTots acoS^eta-tv ei tl 
vtt eptov eiraQov irapd to St/catov Sl/ctjv Xafielv. El S' eirl 
rots 7roXe/jLLots eyevovTo, Tt pteya dv ovtcqs eira&ov otov 
Bt/crjv av rj^tovv Xaptfidvetv ; ^AttXovs ptot, ecpt], o Xoyos. 
18. 'Eyco yap el ptev eV dya&cp i/coXaad rtva, d%iw vire^etv 
hi/crjv otav Kal yovet<; viols /cal StSdcr/caXot TrataL Kal yap 
ol larpol /calovat Kal Teptvovcrtv eV dya&co. 19. El he vftpet 
vo/jtt^eTe pte ravTa rrpaTTetv, ivS-vpLrjQrjTe oti vvv iyco &appco 
crvv Tots &eot<; ptaXXov rj TOTe, Kal SpaavTepos elpt vvv rj 
TOTe, Kal olvov TrXeico ttlvco ■ a\V optcos ovheva iratco ■ ev 
evhia yap opco vptd$. 20. r/ OTav he ^etptcov fj Kal QdXaTTa 
pteydXT) eTrtfyeprfTat, ou% opaTe otc Kal vevptaTos pbovov k'veKa 



148 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

yaKeiralvei /lev irpcopevs to 69 iv irpcopa, yaXeiraivei he /cv- 
/3epvr}T7]<$ roh iv TrpvfJLvrj ; 'I/cavd yap iv toj toiovtco /cat 
fjbifcpa ajJLapTTj&evTa irdvra crvveirLTptyai. 21. r/ Ort he he- 
fcaLcos eiraiov avrovs /cat vfiels KareBt/cdaare Tore • e^ovre^ 
%i(j)r] ov yjrTJcfrovs nrapecrT^Te, /cat i%r)v vfilv iiri/covpelv avrols, 
el i(3ov\ecrSe. *A\\a jia Ala ovre tovtol? iire/covpelre 
ovre avv ijiot tov dra/crovvra iiraLere. 22. Tocyapovv i%ov- 
crlav iiroirjcraTe toI? /cafcoi? avrcov vftpCCpw €&vt€$ avrovs. 
Olfiai <ydp, el i&eXere c/coTretv, tov? avTovs evprjaere /cat 
rore KatcidTOVS /cat vvv vfipLCTTOTaTovs. 23. Botcr/cos yovv 
6 7rvfCT?)<; 6 &eTTa\b$ rore jxev htefbd^eTO, ft>? /cd/jLvoov, dairi- 
8a fjbrj <f>epetv ■ vvv S' ft>? d/covco Korvcopcrcov 7roXkov<z dirohe- 
hv/cev. 24. *Hv ovv crcocj)povr)Te } tovtov rdvavrla irotrjcreTe rj 
tov$ /cvvas iroiovai ■ tov^ fxev yap icvvas tovs ^ctkeirov^ Ta? 
fiev 'qjjbepas hiheaai, Ta? he vv/cra<; d^tdcrc • tovtov Be, rjv 
G-cofypovrjTe, tt\v vvKTa [lev hrjcreTe, Tr)v he rj/iepav dfyrjaeTe. 
25. 'AXkd yap, e<fir), S^av/id^co otl el fxev tlvl v/jlcov dirrj^o- 
/jlt]v /jLe/jLV7]<r&e /cat ov cncoirdTe • el he tw rj j(eiii5)va iireicov- 
prjaa rj Tro\e}iLov dirrjpv^a rj da&evovvTL rj diropovvTi avve^e- 
Tropiad, tl, tovtcdv ovhels fiefjivrjTat • ovh* el Tiva /ca\co$ tl 
TroiovvTa iirr]ve<ja ov$* ec tlv dvhpa ovTa dyaQbv iTi/XTjcra ft)? 
ihvvd/irjv, ovhe tovtcov fie/jLvrjcrQe. 26. *AXXa p,r)v kcxXov ye 
zeal hitcaiov /cat ocrtov /cat rjhtov tS)v dya&cov fiaWov rj tcov 
/ca/ccov fJLejJLvrjcr&ai. 

'Etc tovtov [lev hr) dvtcTTavTO /cat dvefii/jLvrja/cov • /cat 
TrepieyeveTe coorTe /caXco? e^v* 



LIB. VI. CAP. I. 149 



EEN0$0NT02 
KTPOT ANABA2Ef22 $'. 



CAP. I. 

1. 'Etc tovtov Be ev rfj SLCLTpipf} ol JJL6V dirb t?}? dyopas 
efyov, ol Be XTjl^o/ievoL etc t?}? Ua<fikayovla$. 'Efc\(07revov 
Be teal ol UafyXayoves ev fjbaka rovs d7roo-fceBavvv{jLevovs y ical 
tt}9 vvfcrbs tovs Trpbaco cnc7)vovvTa<z irreipcovTo tcafcovpyecv 
fcal TroXe/JLCfccorara Trpbs aWrjXovs elyov etc tovtcov. 2. c 
Be KopvXas, o? ervyyave rore Ilacfikayovias ap^cov, ireiiirec 
Trapa tovs "EXXrjvas irpecrfieLs eyovTas \ititovs teal crroXds 
icakas, Xeyovras ore Kopv\a<? €toc/jlg$ eli) tou9 (/ EW7]va<? 
firjr dBc/celv fjbrjr dBifcela^at. 3. 01 Be arparTjyol anretcpl- 
vavro on Trepl [lev tovtcdv crvv rfj crrparca /3ov\evcroiVTO, 
iirl %evlq Be eBeyovro avrovs • Trapefcakeaav Be koX tcov ak- 
Xcov dvBpcov ov$ eBofCovv Bi/catordrovs elvat. 4. Qvaavres 
Be /3o{/9 t&v alyjidk&>7U)V /cat ciXXa lepeca evcoycav /lev dp- 
Kovcrav irapel^oVy KaraKeifievoL Be ev crrt/3dacv eBeiTrvovv, 
zeal eirivov etc /ceparivcov 7roT7jplcov, oh eveTvyyavov ev rfj 

5. 'Eirel Be cnrovBal r iyevovro fcal eiraiwvicrav, aviarr]- 
crav TTp&Tov jjuev ©paxes -teal irpbs avkbv oop^rjaavro crvv rocs 
oirXois koI tfXXovro vtyrjka re koX Kotxpeos /col rat? fia-yal- 
pais eyjp&vTO •■ reXo? Be 6 erepo? rbv erepov iratei, G09 irdatv 
eBo/ceo ireirX^yevai rbv avhpa' 6 §' eirecre reyvifccos 7ra>9. 6. 
Kal dve/cpayov ol Tla^Xayoves. Kal 6 [Jbev a/cvXevcras ra 



150 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

oirXa tov erepov e^r/ei aBcov Hcrdkfcav ■ aXXot Be tcov ©pa- 
kcov tov erepov e^ecpepov 009 Te&vrjtcora • rjv Be ovBev ireirov- 
r&c6?. 7. Mera rovro A weaves /cal Mdyvrjres dvecrTrjcrav, oi 
copyovvro rrjv Kapiraiav KaXov/jLevrjv ev rots o7tXol<?. 8. c O 
Be Tponros tt}<z opxTjcrecos rjv 6 /juev TrapaMfievos tcl oirXa 
cnreipei teal ^evyrjXarel ttvkvcl /AeTacTTpecpofjLevos a>9 cpoftov- 
fieva$ • Xyo-rrjs Be irpocrepyeTai • 6 S' eireiBav TrpoiBrjTai, 
airavra dprrdaas ra oifka /cal jjud^erao Trpb tov ^evyovs • /cal 
ovtoi Tavr eirotovv ev pvS-pLcp 7rpb$ tov avkov ■ teal reXo? 6 
\rjaTr]$ Bi]Ga$ tov avBpa Kal to %evyo<? dirdyei ■ eviore Be teal 
6 £evy7]\aT7]$ tov Xtjctt^v ■ elra irapa tqv<$ /3ov$ £ev%a$ oirl- 
crco rcb x e ^P e BeBefievov eXavvec. 

9. Mera tgvto Mvcrbs elcrrjXQev ev e/carepa ttj x eL P L 
e^cov TreXTTjV • Kal Tore fiev 009 Bvo dvTiTaTTO\ievcov pLL/JLOv/jie' 
vo$ aipxelro, TOTe Be o>9 irpbs eva e^p^To Tats ireXrai^, Tore 
Be eBcvetTO Kal e^eKvftlcrTa eyu>v tcl<$ ireXTas • cocrTe o^rtv 
fcaXrjv (palvecr&at. 10. TeXo<z Be to Uepcriicbv copxelro /cpov- 
cov ra? 7reA/ra?, teal coKXa^e Kal e^aviaraTO • Kal ravra irdv- 
Ta ev pv&fJLG) eirocei 7rpb$ tov avXov. 11. \E7rl Be tovtco 
eiTLovTes 01 MavTivel? Kal dXXoi Ttvh tcov 'ApKaBcov dva- 
crTavTes e^oirXiadybevob a>? eBvvavro KaXXiara fjeadv Te ev 
pv&fjbcp Trpbs tov evoirXtov pvS-fibv ayXovfievou Kal eiraicovi- 
crav Kal copxrjcravTO cbenrep ev ra?9 irpbs tovs Seovs irpocr- 
bBois. *OpoovTe$ Be 01 JlacpXayove? Betva Iitoiovvto nrdcras 
Ta9 opxtfo-eLS ev oirXoi? elvai. 12. ^Eirl tovtols bpcov 6 Mv- 
cro9 eKireirX^ypievovs avrovs, Trelcras tcov 'ApKaBcov Tiva 
ireTrafievov opxTjcrTpiBa elcrdyei GKevdaas a>9 eBvvaro koX- 
Xicrra Kal dcnriBa Bovs Kovcpjjv avTrj. *H Be copyjqGaTO Uvp- 
ptXV v eXatppcos. 13. 'EvTavQa KpoTOS rjv iroXv? ■ Kal oi 
UafyXayove? rjpovTO el Kal yvvalKes avvefidxpvTO avTOts. 
01 B eXeyov ore avrai Kal at Tpetydfievat, eiev ftaaiXea eK 
tov CTpaTOTreBov. Tfj fiev ovv vvktI TavTrj tovto to TeXos 
eyevero. 

14. Tfj 8' vcTTepata irpoo-qyov avTOV<z el$ to aTpdrevfjia • 
Kal eBo^e T0Z9 crTpaTicoTat,? fiyre dBcKecv IlacpiXayovas fjbrjre 



LIB. VI. CAP. I. 151 

aStfceicrSac. Mera tovto ol fiev irpecr^ec? wj(pvro • ol S' 
( 'EXXr)ve?, eiretBr] irXola l/cava eBoKet irapelvac, dvafidvTe? 
eTrXeov rjfiepav Kal vvtcra irvevfiaTb KaXa> ev aptcrrepa eyov- 
T69 rrjv Ha<j>Xayovlav. 15. Trj S' aXXrj afyiicvovvTai el? 

%LVC07T7]V /Cal 00p/jLL(raVTO el? r Ap/JL7]Vr]V TTf? XtVCOTTT]?. Scvco- 

Tret? Be oIkovcti fiev ev rfj Uacj>XayovLKfj, MtXrjcrlcov §' diroi- 
koi elcTiv. Ovrot Be %evia irefnrovcTi tol? "EXXtjctiv dXcpiTcov 
fiev fieBlfivov? Tpccr^iXlov?, oXvov Be Kepdfiia ylXia /cal irev- 
TaKoaia. 16. Kal Xetptaocj)o? ivrav&a rjXQe TpirjpeL? e^cov. 
Kal ol fiev arparccoTaL TrpocreBoKcov ayovra tl crc\>laiv r\/ceiv • 
o Be rjye fiev ovBev, dinjyyeXXe Be on eirawoirf avTov? Kal 
'Ava^lj3io? 6 vavap^o? Kal ol dXXoc, Kal ore viricryyelTO 
^Ava^t/3to?, el cl^lkvoivto e^co rod Uovtov, fitaBocj^opav av- 
tol? eaecrSat. 

17. Kal ev ravrrj ttj *Apfirjvrj efiewav ol crrparccoTat rjfie- 
pa? irevre. *f2? Be ttj? 'EXXdBo? eBoKOvv eyyij? yLyveaS-ac, 
7]Br] fictXXov rj irpocr&ev elarjeu avTov? ottcc? av Kal eypvTe? to 
OLKaBe afyiKcovraL. 18. ^Hyrjcravro ovv, el eva eXouvTO dp- 
yovra, fidXXov av r\ iroXvap^ia? ovo"rj? Bvvaa&ai tov eva 
XprjcrQac tco crTpaTevfiaTi Kal vvkto? Kal rffiepa? • Kal el to 
Bioc Xav&dveiv, fidXXov av KpvTrrecrQaL ■ Kal el tl Beoc <fi3-d- 
veiVy rjrrov av varepL^etv ■ ov yap av Xoycov Beiv irpb? dXXrj- 
Xov?, dXkd to B6£av tc3 evl irepaivecr&ai av ■ tov Be efiirpo- 
cr&ev yjpbvov eK ttj? VLKcbcrr}? eirpaTTOv irdvTa ol crTpaTrjyoL 
19. ( S2? Be TavTa BuevoovvTO, eTpdirovTo eVl tov EevocfrcovTa • 
Kal ol Xo^ayol eXeyov TrpocrLovTe? avTco otc r\ aTpaTta ovtco 
ycyvcQCTKei, • Kal evvoiav evBeiKVV[xevo^ eKaaTO? e7recS-ev avTov 
viroaTrjvai tjjv dpyjqv. 20. c O Be Uevocj^cov 7rrj fiev eftovXeTO 
TavTa, vofjLi^cov Kal ttjv tc/jltjv fiei^co ovtco? eavTco yiyvecr&au 
7rpo? tov? cpiXov? Kal el? tt]v ttoXiv Tovvopba fiec^ov acj)i%e- 
a&au avTov • Tvypv Be Kal dya&ov tlvo? av atTto? tj) crTpa- 
Tta yeveo-Qat. 

21. Td fiev Bi] TOiavTa ev^vfi^fxaTa eirfjpev avTov eVtrSu- 
jielv avTOKpaTopa yevecr&aL ap-%ovTa. 'OiroTe 8' av evS-v- 
fiotTO otl dBrfXov fjuev iravTi dv&pcoirtd otttj to fieXXov €%ei, 



152 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Bia tovto Be /cal kIvBvvos elrj /ecu tt)v irpoeipyaaiJbevrjv B6£av 
cnrofiakelv, rjiropelro, 22. Aiairopovyevco Be avra> BiaKpivao 
eBo%e KpcirtcrTOV eivai rots &eols dvaKoivcoaai' Kal irapaaTr]- 
(rdfjievos Bvo lepela e&vero tc3 AiC tco BacriXei, oanrep avr<p 
lAavrevTos rjv ex AeXtycov ' Kal to ovap Br) dirb tovtov tov 
Qeov ivojui^ev ecopaKevai o elBev ore rjpX ero ^1 TG <rwemfi€- 
Xeicr&ai tt}? arpancts Ka&LGTaa&ai. 23. Kal ore i% \E(£e- 
aov Be oypjuaro Kvpqy avcrTa&rjcrofjLevos aerbv dvefJuiyvrjcrKeTO 
eavT<p Be^ibv (fi&eyyofievov, Ka&rj/jievov yevTOi, clxrirep 6 fidv- 
t^9 7rp07re/jL7rcDV avrbv eXeyev oti /leyas jiev oleovbs elrj real 
ovfc IBicdtiko? Kal evBo^os, eiriTrovo? pbevTOi • ra yap opvea 
fiaXiara eTriTi&ecr&ai tg5 aercS Ka^rj/jbev(p • ov yuevTOi ^prjfia- 
tkjtikqv eivai tov oloovov • top yap deTov ireTOfievov fiaXXov 
Xayfidveiv Ta eTriTrjBeia. 24. Ovtco Br) S-vofievq) avT& Bia- 
(fravcos 6 $eo? crrjixaivei firjTe irpocrBela^ai t% dpyj)? yr)T el 
alpolvTO diroBe^ecr^ai. Tovto fiev Br) ovtcd? eyeveTO. 25. 
e H Be cTTpaTta avvrfK&e, Kal irdvTe^ eXeyov eva alpela&ai • 
Kal eirel tovto eBo^e, nrpoefidXXovTO avTov. *Eirel Be eBoKei 
BrjXov elvau oti alprjaovTai avTov el ti$ eirityrityi^oi, dveaTTj 
Kal eXe^e TaBe • 

28. 'Eyco, & dvBpes, r)Bofiai yev vtto v/jlcov Tiycoyevos, 
eXirep dv&pcoTros elyi, Kal ydpiv e%co Kal evyoyai Bovval fioi 
tov$ Seovs aiTiov tivos vjjliv dyaQov yevea&ai • to yevToi eye 
TrpoKpiSijvao v(j> vficov apypvTa AaKeBaiyoviov dvBpbs nra- 
povTO<z ovS? vjjliv floe BoKei av/Kpepov eivai, dXX! tjttov av Bia 
tovto Tvyydveiv el tl BeotaS-e 7rap* avTcov ifiol t av ov 
irdvv tl vojjbi^co dcrcfraXe? eivai tovto. 27. 'Opco yap oti Kal 
Tfj iraTplBi fiov ov irpoa^ev eiravcravTO iroXefiovvTe^ irplv 
€7roL7]crav nraaav tt)V ttoXiv 6/noXoyeiv AaKeBaiyoviovs Kal 
avTcov rjye/jiovas eivai. 28. 'Eirel Be tovto oo/jLoXoyTjaav, 
ev$v<z eiravcravTO iroXepbovvTes Kal ovKeTi irepa eiroXibpKy]- 
crav tt]v ttqXiv. El ovv TavTa opwv eyco Bokoltjv oitov Bvvai- 
fjL7]v evTavS* aKvpov iroielv to eKelvcov d^tcojia, eKeivo ivvoSy 
fir] Xiav av Ta%v croxf)povio-&ei7]v. 29. *0 S' vyels evvoeiTe 
oti tjttov av GTacris elrj evbs apypvTOS r) ttoXXqov, ev laTe oti 



LIB. VI. CAP. I. 153 

dXXov fiev eXo/ievoc ov% evpijcrere epue crracrid^ovra ■ vopbi^co 
yap octtls ev iroXefico cov aracrtd^ec 7Tpo? dpyovra rovrov 
7rpo? rrjv eavrov acorr\piav crracnd^etv ■ edv S' e/ie eXr)cr$e, 
ov/c av QavfjidcrcufjLa el tlvcl evpocre Kal v/ilv Kal e/xol dyS-6- 
fievov. 

30. \E7rel ravr elrre, rroXv rrXeioves e^avlcrravro Xeyov- 
T69 co? Bioc avrbv dpyeiv. 'Ayacrlas Be Xrvjxcf)dXtos elirev 
ore yeXolov ec?], el ovrcos eyoc, el opyiovvrai Aa/ceSac/Jiovcoc 
feat edv avvBeinrvoi avveX^6vres pbrj AaKeBat/JbovLov avpLirodi- 
apyov alpoyvrat • errel el ovrco ye rovr eyei, ecpi], oiBe Xoya- 
yelv y/ilv e^ecrTLV, co? eottcev, on 'ApfcdSes ecr/iev. 'EvravSa 
B?] co? ev elTTOvros rov 'Ayaalov dveQopvfiricrav. 

31. Kal 6 'Sevocbcov eirel ecopa rrXelovos evBeov, rrapeXScov 
elirev • 'AXX\ co dvBpes, ecfyrj, <i? rrdvv elBrfre, o/ivvco v/xlv 
r9cOu? irdvTas Kal rrdcras rj jjl^v eyco e7rel ttjv vjierepav yveb- 
firjv ycrQavofirjv, eS-vo/iijv el (BeXrtGv eiq vfuv re e/iol eirtrpe- 
tyai ravrrjv T7]v dpyrjv teal e/iol vTrocrrrjvac ■ /cat jjlol oi 3-eol 
ovrco? ev rol$ lepol? eo-rjfirjvav ware teal lBicorr}v av yvcovai 
ore tt}? yiGvapyjias; direyecr^ai [xe Bel. 32. Ovrco Brj Xeipicro- 
cpov alpovvrat. XeLplcrocj)o? S' ewel ypeSr], rrapeX^cov elirev • 
*AXX\ cl) avBpes, rovro /xev care otl gvB? av eycoye ecrraaia- 
tyv, el dXXov eiXecrS-e. zevocpcovra fxevrot, ecprj, covrjcrare ov% 
eXo/jievoc ■ co? teal vvv Ae^irriro? r/Br] Bte/3aXXev avrbv rrpbs 
Ava%if3iGV o tl eBvvaro teal fidXa ejiov avrbv crLyd^ovro?. 
( Be eefyrj vopbi^eiv avrbv Ti\xacricovi fidXXov avvdpyeiv eQe- 
XrjcraL AapBavel ovri rov KXedpyov arparev[iaro^ i) eavrco 
Ad/ecovt ovrt. 33. 'Eirel pbevrot e/jie elXecrSe, efyrj, Kal eyco 
iretpdaofiaL 6 ri av Bivco^iai v/ias ayaS-bv rroielv. Kal v[ieZ<; 
ovrco rrapacrKevd^ea^e co? avpiov edv ttXoO? y dvd^b\xevoi • o 
8e TrXou? ear at els *HpaKXeiav diravras ovv Bel e/eelae rrei- 
pdcr&aL Karacryelv ■ rd Be dXXa erreiBdv eKelae eXQco/jiev /3ov- 
Xevcro/xe&a, 



154 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 



CAP. II. 

1. 'Evrev&ev rfj vcrTepala dvayofxevoi irvevfiaTL eirXeov 
koXco rj/iepas Bvo irapa yrjv. Kal TrapairXeovTe? eSecopovv 
ttjv t 'Iacrovlav afcrrjv, evSa r) Apya) \eyerai op/julcraa^aL, 
Kal tcov TTOTafJbwv tcl GTop,aTa % irpcorov fiev tov &epjJLOt)hov- 
T09, enreira Be tov "Ipios, eireira Be tov r/ AXvo$, /juera Be 
tovtov tov UapS-evtov • tovtov Be irapaifkevaavre^ cl^>lkovto 
eh 'HpdfcXecav ttoXlv 'EXXrjvLBa Meyapecov clttolkov, ovaav 
8' ev ry MaptavBvvoyv %(£pq>. 2. Kal cbpfMiaavTo irapa tj) 
* AyepovaiaBi XeppovrjGG) • ev&a \eyerat 6 'HpaKXrjs eirl tov 
Kepj3epov icvva KaTaj3r)vaL y vvv tcl arj/jbela BeLKviovcri tt}<? 
fcaTa/3do~ecQ$ to /3d$o$ irXeov rj eVl Bvo aTaBca. 3. 'EvTav- 
Qa tow "EXXrjaiv ol 'HpatcXecoTaL %evLa irepbirovGiv clX(J)ltcov 
jneBi/JLVovs TpiG^iXiovs koi olvov /cepdfica Bia^lXia Kal /3ov$ 
eiKOGi Kal o£s eKaTov. 'EvTav&a Bca tov ireBiov pel iroTapLos 
Avkos ovofjua, evpo<; <i>? Bvo ifXeS-pcov. 

4. Ol Be CTpaTiwTaL cvXXeyevTes e/SovXevovTO ttjv Xol- 
irrjv iropeiav iroTepov KaTa yrjv rj KaTa QdXaTTav %pr) nropev- 
QrjvaL ev tov Uovtov. AvacrTm Be Avkcjv 'A^acbs elire' 
©av/xd^co [iev, 3) avBpe?, toov CTpaTTjy&v otl ov ireipkvTai 
rjfiiv eKiropl^eiv gltt) pea tov • tcl fiev yap ^evta ov /ir) yevr\Tai 
ttj GTpaTia Tptcov r]{Jiep5)v GLTa, oiro&ev 8' €7TLOrtTlOrd/JLeV0l, 
7ropevo-6/JLe$a ovk eo-Tiv, e<pr], 'E/iol ovv BoKel aiTeiv tov? 
*HpaK\edbTa$ fir) eXaTTOV rj TpLor%LXlov$ KvtyKrjvovs. 5. 
MXXo? S' elire, fir) eXaTTov rj fivplovs " Kal eXo/ievov? irpe- 
cr/3et9 avTtKa fidXa rjfioov KaQrjfievcov irepnreiv Tph<$ Trjv tto- 
Xlv, Kal elBevai 6 tl dv airayyeXKayai, Kal 7rpo9 TavTa fiov- 
XevecrQat. 6. 'EvTevS-ev TrpovfidXXovTO irpecr(3ei<; irptoTOV 
fiev Xetpicrofov, oti dp^cov yprjTo ecrTi S' oc Kal tZevocfrcbvTa. 
Ol B la^vpoy^ direfjud^ovTO • dfi^olv yap TavTa eBoKei firj 
dvayKa^eiv ttoXiv 'EXXrjvtBa Kal faXiav o tl /ultj avTol iM- 
XovTe? BLBotev. 7. ^Eirel S' ovv ovtol eBoKOvv dirpoBv/JLOo 
elvaL, Trefurovort AvKtova 'A^aLov Kal KaXkifJLa'Xpv Ilappd- 



LIB. VI. CAP. II. 155 

aiov teal * Ayatriav ^rv/jLcpdXtov. Ovroc eX&ovres eXeyov rd 
Behoy/neva ■ rbv he Av/ecova ecpacrav teal errarretXelvy el fir) 
rroirjcroiev ravra, 8. * Ateovaavres 8* ol 'HpateXecorat /3ov- 
XevcrecrQac ecpacrav ■ teal ev$v$ rd re yjprjy^ara etc r&v dypcov 
avvrjyov teal rrjv dyopdv etcrco dvecrteevaaav teal at irvXau 
eteeteXetvro teal eirl rcov reiyoov oirXa ecfiaivero. 

9. 'Etc rovrov ol rapd^avres ravra rovs crrparrjyovs 
rjrtwvro hcacpS-etpecv rijv rrpd^cv teal crvvlcrravro ol 'Aptedhes 
teal ol Ayatoi* rrpoetarrjteet he fJbdXicrra avrcov KaXXtfjLa^os 
re 6 Uappdaios koX Avtecov 6 ^ Ayaibs* 10. Ol he Xoyoi 
rjcrav avrols o>9 alcr^pbv ecrj apyeiv eva ^ A&rjvalov HeXoirov- 
vrjcritov teal AatceSat/jLOvecov, (JLijhefiiav hvvayav rrapeyopevov 
eh rrjv crrpartdv ■ teal roij<z fiev irovovs crcfias eyeiv, ra he 
teephrj aXXovs, teal ravra rrjv crcorijplav crepcov tcareipyacrixe- 
vcov ■ elvau yap rovs teareipyacrjievovs 'Aptedha? teal y A^ac- 
ov$ ■ rb cT dXXo crrpdrevjia ovhev elvac ■ teal rjv he rfj dXrj- 
S-eca virep ij/xicrv rod bXov crrparevfiaros 'Aptedhes teal " Ayai- 
oi' 11. el ovv crcocppovolev ovroc, crvcrrdvres teal crrparrjyovs 
eXofievoi eavrcov teaO* eavrovs dv rrjv rropeiav iroiolvro teal 
rretpcovro dyaS-ov re Xa/x/3dveiv. 12. Tavra eho^e* teal drro- 
Xtirovres Xecplcrocpov el roves rjcrav rrap avrco 'Aptedhes rj 
^Ayaiol teal Zevocpcovra avvecrrrjcrav teal crrparrjyovs alpovv- 
rai eavrcov hetea • rovrovs K etyrjc^icravro ete rrjs vitecocrrjs 6 
re ho teo i7j, rovro iroielv. C H /xev ovv rov rravrbs dp%r) Xei- 
picrocjxp evrav&a teareXvQrj rjixepa eterrj j) efihojirj dej) rj$ 
ype&rj. 

13. zievocpcov fievroc i/3ovXero teoLvfj fier avrcov rrjv rro- 
peiav TTOLecaS-atj vo/xl^cov ovrcos dcrcpaXecrrepav elvac r) Ihta 
eteacrrov crreXXecrSac • dXXd Necov eireiQev avrbv teaS avrbv 
TropeveoSai,, dteovcras rov Xetpicrocpov ore KXeavhpo? 6 ev 
Bv^avrlco dpfiocrrrjs cpalrj r pirj pets e^cov rj^ecv eh KdXirrjs 
Xt/jbiva* 14. 07TG)? ovv /jLrjhels [lerda^OL, dXtC avrol teal ol 
avrcov arparc&rao eKTrXevaeiav errl rcov rpirjpcov, hid ravra 
avve/3ovXeve. Kal Xeiplcrocpos, djia jjlIv o^v/jlcov rols yeye- 
vrjjievois, dfia he fjucrtov ete rovrov rb arpdrevfJLa, ernrperrei 



156 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

ai/Tco iroielv 6 tl /3ov\ercu. 15. Bevocpcov Be ere /xev eire^ei- 
prjaev diraXkayeh tt}? arparcd^ e/cifkevcraL ■ Svofievco Be av- 
tc5 tcq *H<y€fjLov(, ^Hpa/ckec Kal fco Lvov [lev <p irorepa \cpov Kal 
cifiecvov ecrj cTTpaTeveaSai, eypvTi tov$ irapapbelvavTas t&v 
G-TparicoTcbv, rj dTraXKaTTea^at, earj[i7]vev 6 $eo9 Toh iepoh 
cvcTTpaTevea&ai. 16. Ovrco ryiyvercu to arpdrevfia Tpiyr\ % 
'Ap/cdSes fjiev Kal *Ayaio\ ifkelovs t) TeTpaKiiryikioi Kal nrev- 
TatcoG-LOL, oirXtTai irdvTe<$ % XetpLcrocjxA) Be oirXirai puev eh 
rerpafcoaiovs teal %l\lov<z, 7re\raaTal he eh eTTTcucoGiovs, oi 
Rkedp'xpv ©patces • GevocpcovTC Be oirXirai puev eh eirrafcoai- 
ov$ /ecu %lXiov<; s ireXracrTal Be eh TpLaKoaiovs* lititikov Be 
[jlovos ovtos elj(ev, cl/jicpl toi>9 rerrapd/covra hrireas. 

IT. Kal oi fiev 'Ap/cdBes Biairpa^djievoi ifXola irapd tcov 
*Hpafc\ecoTcop irpcoTOi ifkeovcnv, 6Va>9 e%aL(pV7]5 eircireaovTe^ 
Toh BcS-vvoh \dj3otev on irXetara' Kal diro^aivovaiv eh 
KdXTrrjs Xt/jieva /card fiecrov 7ro)9 rrjs Qpatcrjs. 18. Xeipicro- 
<£o9 S' ev&v$ diro t?)9 7ro\eco$ tcov r HpaK\ecorcov dpl-dfievos 
irety eiropevero Bid rfjs %dopa<; • eirel S' eh ttjv 0pciK7]V eve- 
/3a\e, TTczpa, T7)v BdXarrav fjei* Kal <ydp rjBr] rjerQevec. 19. 
aevocj)cov Be ifkola Xaficov diro^aivet eirl rd opia t?)? @pdfC7]s 
Kal t?}9 ' HpafcXecbrtBos Kal Bid /uecroyaias eiropevero. 



CAP. III. 

1. \^Ov fiev ovv rpoTrov rj re Xetpicrocj^ov dpyr\ rov irav- 
T09 fcareXvSr} /cal tcov * EWrjvcov to aTpdrevfia ecr%icr&7] ev 
Toh eirdveo ecprjTai^] 2. "Eirpa^av S' avTcov e/cacrTOi TaBe. 
Oi fiev 'Ap/cdBes a>9 d7re{37]crav vvktos eh KaXirr}*; \ijjbeva, 
TropevovTai eh t<x9 TrpcoTas Kcofias, crTaBia dirb QaXdTTTjs c&9 
Tptd/covTa. 'Eirel Be <pco9 ejevero rjyev etcacrTo*; crTpaTTjybs 
to avTov Xa^09 eirl Kcofirjv oiroia Be /mel^cov eBotcei elvai 
crvvBvo \6%ov<z rjyov oi cTTpaTrjyoi, 3. Swe/SdXovTO Be /cal 
\64>ov eh ov Beot irdvTas dXi^eaS-at. Kal are e^accpvi]^ erri- 



LIB. VI. CAP. III. 157 

Treo-ovres dpSpdrroSd re 7roXXd eXaffop Kal Trpo/Sara rroXXd 

7T€p(,ef3d\0VT0. 

<±. Ol Se Qpatces rjfipoitflvro oi SiacfrvyovTes ■ rroXXol Se 
Stecpvyop 7reXraaral ovres drrXiTas if; avrcop tcop yeipchp. 
''Errel Se ovpeXeyr\aap, rrpcorop fiev tco SpLLfcpTjros Xoycp ez/o? 
tcop 'ApfcdSoov arpaniycdv drrcoPTt 7]8r] ek to avyfceifjievov Kal 
rroXXd ^prjjJLara ay opt u emTi^epTai. 5. Kal recos p<ep &\xd- 
yovTO a/Jia TTOpevofjLevoL ol a ' EXX?]pe$ ■ errl Se Scaftdcrei, X a P^" 
Spas rpeirovTai avrovg ■ Kal avrov re top JJ fJLifcprjra dirofcriv- 
pvaav Kal reus dXXovs rrdpTas* aXXov Se Xo^ov tcop Serca 
arparrjycop rod 'HyijcrdpSpov oktco /liopov? Kareknrop • Kal 
avros *Hy7]o~ap8pos ecrco^r]. 6. Kal ol dXXoc fiev Xo^ayol 
avpijX^op ol [±ep crvp rrpdy/iacnp ol 8' dpev rrpay/JLaTcop 9 ol Se 
QpaKe? errel evrv^rjerap tovto to evTvyji\xa^ crvpefiocop re 
dXXijXov? Kal avpeXeyopro eppcofiepcos tt/s vvktos. Kal dixa 
rfj rjpLepa kvkXco rrepl top Xocpop ep^a ol "EXXrjpes eaTparo- 
rreSevopTo irdrTOPTo Kal Imrek rroXXol Kal rreXTaaTal, Kal 
del rrXeiopes avpeppeop. 7. Kal Trpocrej3aXXop rrpb$ tov? 
6rrXiTa$ do~<j)aXco$ ■ ol fiep yap "EXXvpes ovre to^ottjp elyop 
ovre aKOPTio~Tr]p ovre Irrrrea ■ ol Se rrpoa^eopTes Kal rrpocr- 
eXavpopTes tjkopti^op ■ orrore S' avrols errlocep, paSicos drre- 
cbevyop' ciXXol Se dXXrj irreTt^ePTo. 8. Kal tcop fiep rroXXol 
iriTpcoo-KOPTO. tcop Se ovSefc • coare Kiprfhr\pai ovk iSvpapro 
ex tov %(0ptoV) dXXd TeXevrcopres Kal drrb tov vSaros elpyop 
avrovs ol QpaKes. 9. 'Errel 8' drropia rroXXr) r]P, SieXe- 
yopro 7repl ctttopScop ■ Kal tcl fiep aXXa copboXoyrfTG avTocs, 
o/jirfpovs S' ovk eStSocrap ol QpaKes oItovptcop tcop *EXX?j- 
pcop* a\X' ip tovtco XcryeTo. Td fiep Srj tcop ' ' ApKaScop ovtcos 

10. Xecplcrocpos Se dcrcpaXcos rropevofiepos irapd ^rdXaTTap 
dcpifcpeLTat eh KaXirrj^ Xifiepa. aepocpcoPTi Se Sea ttjs jmecro- 
yaias iropevopiepcp ol liTTrels TrpoKaTaiieoPTes ePTvy^dpovcrc 
7rpeo~/3vraL<z Tropevofxepot^ irot. Kal errel rf^rqaav rrapd 
tZepocpcoPTa, ipcoTa avTOVS el ttov jjcr^TjPTat, aXXov aTparevfia- 
ro$ oWo? c EXXrjpiKov, 11. Ol S' eXeyop irdpra ra yeyeprjpie- 



158 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

va, feat vvv oTt TroXtop/covvTat eVl Xocftov, ot Se ©patce? irdvTes 

7r€pCK€f€VK\(0fjb€V0L €L€V aVTOVS. 'EvTClV^a, TOV$ pteV dv^pco- 

irovs tovtov? icfrvXaTTev la^vpco^j 07ra)9 rjyeptoves elev oirov 
Seot • gkottovs Se tear aGTrj eras avveXe^e tovs arpaTicora^ fcal 
eXe^ev • 

12. "AvSpe? CTpaTtcoTat, tcov 'Ap/cdScov oi pev Te^vaatv, 
oi Se XolttoI €7rl Xocfrov twos iroXiopKovvrai. No/jll^co 8' 
eycoye, el ifcetvot diroXovvrai, ov$ rjptv elvat evSepttav gcottj- 
ptav, ovtcq puev iroXXcov ovtcov tcov TroXepttcov^ ovtco Se re^ap- 

p7]K0TC0V. 13. KpCLTLCTTOV OVV 7)fMV ft)? Ta^tCTTa /3o7}^€lV TOt? 

dvSpdatv, ottcos el ere elal orcoot, avv efceivots pba^copte^a koX 
fjiT) fjLovoi Xetcj&evTes povot /cal KtvSvvevcoptev. 14. Nvv ptev 
ovv aTpaTOTreSevcopte^a TrpoeXSsovres oaov av Soicy icatpbs 
elvat eh to SetTrvoirotela^at • eW 8" av Tropevcopte^a^ Ttpta- 
atcov eyjsv tou9 hrireh irpoeXavveTco i<f)opcov f)pbd<;, fcal arm- 
Treiroo tcl eptirpoa^ev^ a>? prjSev rjpds Xd^y. 15. UapeTrept^e 
Se teal tcov yvpLV?JTcov dv^s pcoirovs ev^covovs eh tcl irXdyta koX 
eh Ta cz/cpa, ottcos el irov tI Trcfeev fecfoopwev, arjpbaivotev 
i/ceXeve Se tcaieiv diravTa orcp evTvyydvotev fcavatpq). 16. 
*Hpteh jc\p diroSpatrjpev dv ovSaptov ev^evSe' ttoXXtj puev ydp, 
e<fir), eh c HpdfcXetav nrdXtv dirtkvat^ 7roXXrj Se eh Xpvao7roXtv 
SteX^elv oi Se iroXeptot TrXrjalov eh KoXtttj^ Se Xtpteva, 
ev^sa Xetplaofyov elfcd^optev elvat el aeacoarat, eXa^tarrj 686$. 
'AXXd Sr) etcel ptev ovre irXold eaTtv oh diroirXevaovpue^a* 
ptevovat Se avrov ovSe puds rjptepas eaTi Ta eirtTrjSeta. 17. 
Tcov Se TroXcopfcovpbivcov diroXopuevcov avv Toh Xetptaofyov 
ptovots tcdtciov ecrTL StaictvSvvevetv rj TcovSe aafeevTcov irdvTas 
eh TavTov eX*&6vTas kolvt) t?}? acoTTjpta^ e^ecr^ai. 'AXXd 
%pr) irapao-tcevaaapLevovs ttjv jvcofirjv Tropevea^ac, co? vvv rj 
evKXeco<; TeXevrrjaai eaTtv rj /cdXXtcrTov epyov epydcraa^at 
"EXXrjvas ToaovTovs acoo-avras. 18. Kai 6 &609 tcrcos ayet 
ovtcos, o? tou? pieyaXrjyoprjcravTas co? irXeov (f>povovvTa$ Ta- 
iretveoaat /3ovXeTat • rj/Aas Se tovs dirb ^ecov dpyoptevovs ivTt- 
ptoTepov? efceivcov Karao-Trjcrat. 'AXX' errea^at yjprf /cal irpoa- 
eyetv tqv vovv^ 009 dv to irapayyeXXo/j^evov Svvrja^e Trotelv. 



LIB. VI. CAP. III. 159 

19. Tavr elircov rjyetTo. 01 K iirirels hcacTirecpo/JLevoL ifi 
ocrov KaXcos &X ev ^ Kai0V V e/3dhc!Zov. Kal oi ireXiaaTal eirc- 
Trapcovres Kara ra cifcpa eKaiov irdvia ocra Kavacpua ecopcov 
Kal rj arparia he, el tlvl irapaXeciro/jLevco evTvy^dvoiev • &are 
iraaa rj %copa afaea^ac ehoKei Kal to arpdrev/jLa iroXv elvau 
20. ''Eirel 8' copa rjv KareaTpaToirehevaavTO iirl Xocpov eKJ3dv- 
T€?, Kal rd re tcov iroXepblcov irvpd ecopcov, direlyov he 009 rer- 
TapctKovTa aTahlovs, Kal avrol &)? ehvvavTo ifXelaTa irvpd 
eKatov. 21. * Err el 8' ehelirvrjaav Ta^LCTTa, iraprjyyeX^r) to, 
irvpd Karaaftevvvvai irdvra. Kal ttjv ptev vvKra cpvXaKas 
irotrjcrdpLevoc eKa^evhov cl/xa he rfj rjpepa irpoaev^apbevot tols 
^eofc Kal avvra^d/jievoc cos els pLd^rjv eiropevovTo § ehvvavTo 
rdyiGra. \ 22. TipLatrlcov Be Kal ol lirireis e^ovies tovs r)ye- 
fjiovas Kal irpoeXavvovTes eXdv^avov avrovs eirl tco Xocpco 
yevo/xevot ev^a eiroXtopKovvTo ol "EXXrjves* Kal ovy^ bpcoaiv 
ovre cpcXcov arpdrevpia ovre iroXepaov ■ Kal ravra dirrjyyeX- 
Xovat irpbs tov zlevocpcovTa Kal to arpdrev/ia • ypathta he 
Kal yepovrca Kal 7rp6/3ara oXtya Kal ftovs KaraXeXeLfx/Jie- 
vovs. 23. Kal to [lev irpcoTOV ^avpia rjv tl elrj to <yeye- 
V7]fievov ■ eireira he Kal tcov KaTaXeXeipipievcov eirvv^dvovTO 
otl oi /lev ©paKes eifevs dtf> eairepas coyovTO diriovies' 
eccfeev he Kal tov$ "EXXrjvas ecpacrav ol^ea^ai ■ oirov he ovk 
elhevai. 

24:. Tavra aKovaavTes ol dpicbl pievocjycovTa, eirel r/picrTr]- 
crav, avaKevacrdpuevoi eiropevovio, fiovXopievoi, cos TayicrTa 
avfJLfJLitjai tols aXXocs eh KdXirrjs Xipbiva. Kal iropevopbevoc 
ecopcov tov <TTi/3ov tcov 'ApKahcov Kal ' A^aicov Kara ttjv eirl 
KdXirrjs 6S6v. *Eirel 8' dcpiKOVTO els to avro, dapbevoi T6 
elhov dXXrfXov? Kal rjaTrd^ovTO cocrirep dSeXcpovs. 25. Kal 
eirvv^sdvovTO ol ''ApKahes tcov ire pi aevofycovTa tl Ta irvpd 
KaTaa^eaetav ■ 'Hpiels p,ev yap, ecfcatrav, coopbe^a u/xa9 to p,ev 
irpcoTov, iireihrj Ta irvpd ovy^ ecopcopbev, ttj<$ vvktos rfeew eirl 
Toi)$ iroXepbiovs* Kal ol iroXepnoi Se } cos y r]puv ehoKovv, tovto 
SeicravTes dirrjX^ov ■ cr^eSbv yap apicj)l tovtov tov yjiovov 
dirrjecrav. 26. *Eirel 8' ovk a(/)t«e<7^e, 6 he ^povos i^rJKev, 



IQQ EXPEDITIO CYKI. 

wo/ie^' vjxa^ irv^ofjievovs ra Trap' tj/jllv fofirj^evras ofyecfeai 
drroBpdvra^ iirl ^dXarrav Kal iSo/cec rjjuv firj diroXLirea^ai 
vjioov. 0#to)? ovv Kal rjpieh Sevpo irropev^nrjfjLev. 



CAP. IV. 

1. Tavrrjv jMev gvv ttjv rjjxepav avrov rjvXl^ovro eirl rov 
alycaXov 7rpo? t<£ Xtjievi. To Be ^coplov tovto b KaXelrai 
KdXirrjs Xijjltjv ecrrt /Jiev iv rfj Qpafcrj rfj iv rfj 'Acria* dp%a- 
puevrj Be rj QpaKrj avrrj icrrlv dirb rov crro/jbaros rov Uovrov 
fJte%pt$ c Hpcuc\ela<; eVl Be^ta eh tov Uovrov elcrirXeovrt. 2. 
Kal rptrjpet ptev icrrtv eh 'HpaKXetav etc Bv^avrcov Kcoirats 
rjfiepas pidXa /lafcpas ttXovs ■ ev Be tc3 ptecrco oXXtj ptev irbXts 
ovBeptla ovre (fiiXca ovre ^EXXrjvh aXXd Qpa/ces BtS-vvot* 
Kal ou? &v Xdficocrt ra>v 'EXXrjvcov rj iKirirrrovra^ rj aXXco? 
7ra)? Betva vfipi^etv Xeyovrctt [rovs ° 'EXXrjvas]. 3. c O Be 
KdXTrrjs XtpJjv iv fieacp fiev Ketrat efcarepco&ev ifkeovrcov e% 
'HpatcXelas teal Bv^avrlov • ecrrt 8' ev rfj SaXdrrrj irpofcel- 
puevov ywpiov, to ptev eh ttjv QdXarrav Ka&PjKov avrov irerpa 
diroppco^, {5-v/ro? oirrj eXdytcrrov ov ptelov eiKocrtv opyvtcov ' 6 
Be avyrjv 6 eh rrjv yrjv dvrjKcov rov %coptov ptdXtcrra rerrd- 
pcov irXeBpoov to evpo? • to o' ivrbs tov av%evo<z ^coptov Ifca- 
vbv fivploLs avS-pdoiroLS otKrjcrat. 4. Atptrjv o° vir avrfj rfj 
irerpa to 7rpo? ecrirepav alyiaXbv e%cov. Kpijvrj Be 'rjBeos 
vBaro? Kal acfrQovos peovcra err avrfj rfj QaXdrrrj virb rfj 
eirucpareiq rov %coplov. UvXa Be 7roXXa ptev Kal aXXa, rrdvv 
Be 7roWa Kal Ka\a vavirrj^rjcnpLa, err avrfj rfj QaXdrrrj. 5. 
To Be opo$ rb iv rS) Xifjbevi eh jmecroyatav puev dvrjKei ocrov 
irrl ecKoat, arraBiovs, Kal tovto yecoSes Kal akcS-ov ' to Se 
irapa QdXarrav rrXeov r) iirl eiKoai crraBiovs Bacrv rroWoh 
Kal iravroBairoh Kal jneydXoLs %vXoi$. 6. C JJ S' aXXii %&>pa 
KaXrj icai 7roXXf/ • Kal Kwfiai iv avrfj elcri TroXXal Kal olkov- 
jxevab ' (jiipet, jap rj <yrj Kal KptQds Kal Trvpovs Kal oairpia 
iravra Kai (AeXiva? Kal G-rjaajxa Kal avKa dpKovvra Kal djuire- 



LIB. VI, CAP. IV. 161 

Xov 9 TroXXas teal ?]Bvoivgvs ko\ TaXXa iravra 7rXr]V eXaicov. 
C H fiev %d>pa V v 7° La v r V' 

7. 'EctktJvovv Be ev tcq alytaXco irpbs rfj ^aXdrrrj • eh Be 
to iroXLcrfia av yevo/ievov ov/c iftovXovTO crTpaToireBevecr&aL ■ 
dXXa eBoKei Kal to eXd-elv evTav&a i£ eTri(3ovXr)$ elvat, /3ou- 

Xo/XeVCOV TLVCOV KOTOlKlCTai TTOXlV. 8. TcOV ydp CTTpaTLCOTCOV 

ol irXelaTOi rjcrav ov crirdvei /3iov eKireirXevKOTes eirl TavTrjv 
T7p fjLCo~Qo(f)opdv, dXXa ttjv Kvpov dpeTrjv a/covovTes, ol \xev 
/cal czvBpas ayovTes, ol Be ical irpocravrjXcoKOTe^ vprjjjbaTa, /cal 
tovtcov €T6pot diroBeSpaKOTes irarepas /cal firjTepas ol Be /cal 
Te/cva /caTaXiirovTes <£? ^prjjxaTa avToh KTrjcrdjxevoi rj^ovTe? 
ttciXlv, d/covovT€s koI tov$ ciXXovs tol'9 irapd Kvpco TroXka 
/cal dyaS-d TrpaTTecv* Totovrot ovv 6We9 eiro^ovv eh ttjv 
c EXXdBa crco^ecrQac. 

9. EirecBrj Be vcrTepa rjjiepa iyeveTO ttjs eh TavTov crvvo- 
Bov, iir i^oBco iS-veTo 'Bevocpcov ■ dvdyKrj yap rjv eirl tcl iiri- 
TTjBeia i^dyecv ■ iirevbei Be /cal tov? ve/cpovs QdirTeuv. ^Eirel 
Be tcl lepd iyeveTO eXirovTO ical ol 'Ap/cdBes, /cal tovs fiev 
ve/cpevs tov$ TrXeiGTovs ev&airep eirecrov eicdcrTOvs e^a^av • 
rjBrj yap rjcrav irejUTTOAOi /cal ov-% olov re dvacpelv eTi rjv ■ 
ivtov? Be rou9 e/c tcov oBcov crvveveyKovTes eSatyav i/c tcov 
virapyovTcov fc>9 iBvvavTO KaXXtcrTa ■ 0&9 Be jirj evpicr/cov 
/cevoTacbcov avToh hrovqaav jieya /cal irvpav jieytikrjv, /cal 
orTeepdvGV? eireQecrav. 10. TavTa Be TrotrjcravTes dve^coprjaav 
eirl to G-TpaToireBov. Kal TOTe jxev BearvrjcravTes iKOijArfirj- 
crav ■ tt\ 8' vcTTepaia crvvrjXS-ov ol GTpaTicoTai 7rdvTe$ } crvvrjye 
Be fJbdXLGTa 'Ayacria? re %7vjjL<fcdXio$ Xo^aybs /cal r Iepcovv- 
/jlo$ 'HXeios Xo^aybs Kal aXXoc ol Trpecrj3vTaT0t tcov 'Ap/cd- 
Bcov 11. Kal Boyfia eTTOLrjcravTO, edv tl$ tov Xoittov fjivr)~ 
oSf) Bi^a to CFTpaTevfia Trocelv, QavaTco avTov fyficovcrS-aL ■ 
Kal KaTa ftcopav dirievat fjirep TrpocrS-ev el^e to crTpaTevpia, 
Kal cip%etv tou9 Trpoa^rev crTpaTrjyov^. Kal Xeiplcrocfros puev 
tjBt] TeTeXevTTjKei cpappuaKov ttlcov irvpeTTccv* tcl 8* eKelvov 
Necov ^Acrivalo^ 7rapeXaf3e. 

12. MeTa Be TavTa itfavacTTds elire ftevocpcov • 9 if2 avBpe? 



162 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

CTpaTLwrcu, ttjv fxev nropelav, a>9 eoiKe, BrfXov ore ire^rj iroir)- 
reov ■ ov yap ecrrc irXola • dvdyKT) Be nropevea^aL rjBr) • ov 
yap earl /nevovac tcl eiTLTrjBeLa. 'H/jl6i$ fjuev ovv, e(f>r] } ^vcro- 
fjie^a • vfjLa? Be Bel irapaaKevd^ea^aL o>9 fjia^ov/jievov^ el itots 
Kal aXXoTe* ol yap iroXefiLOL avare^apprjicaGiv. 13. 'Ek 
tovtov i^vovro ol crTpaTrjyol, jidvTL^ Be iraprjv 'Ap7]%l(ov 
'Aptcd? • 6 Be StXavbs 6 'A/jL(3paKLGJT7]<; rjBr) airoBeBpaicei 
irXolov /jLLcfecocrdfjLevos e% *HpaKXeia<;. ©vofievoL<$ Be eirl rfj 
d(f)6B(p ovk eylyvero ra lepd. 14. Tavrrjv [xev ovv rrjv 7]^e- 
pav eiravaavTO. Kal TLves iroXfjicov XeyeLV o>9 6 tlevocpcov 
fiovXo/jievos to ^(opiov ol/cccrai ireireiKe tov [idvTLV XeyeLV a>9 
tcl lepa ov ycyverao eirl d(j)6B<p. 15. 'Evrev^ev /crjpv^a? rfj 
avpiov irapelvaL eirl tt]v ^vcriav tov /3ov\6fjievov fcal fidvTL? 
el tis ecrjy irapayyeiXa? irapelvaL a>9 avv^eaaofxevov Ta lepd, 
e^tve* Kal ivTav^a iraprjaav itoXXol. 16. ©vo/JLevcov Be ird- 
Xlv €69 Tpl$ eirl ttj dcf>6B(p ovk iylyveTo Ta lepd. 'Etc tovtov 
vaXeircos el^ov ol aTpaTtcoTac • fcal yap tcl eiTLTrjBeLa eireXL- 
irev a e^ovTes fjX^ov, teal dyopa ovBefila iraprjv. 

17. 'Ek tovtov avveX^ovTcov elire ttoXlv 'Eevocfrwv, *S2 
avBpes, eirl fiev ry iropela, 0)9 bpaTe, Ta lepa ovirco yiyveTai • 
tcov S' eiriTrjBeicov opco vjjlcls Beo/jtevov? ■ dvdytct) ovv /jlol Bo/cet 
elvat ^svea^ai irepl avTov tovtov. 18. 'AvacrTas Be tis 
elire • Kal elicbT(D<z dpa tj/jlIv ov yiyveTai tcl lepd ■ C09 yap 
eyeb dirb tov avTOfxaTOV %^€9 ijkovtos irXolov rjKOVcrd tlvos 
otl KXeavBpos 6 etc Bv^avTtov dppbOG-Trfi /jLeXXeL rj%eiv irXola 
Kal TpLrjpeL? e^cov. 19. 'Ek tovtov Be dva/JLevecv fiev iracriv 
eBbtcei ■ eirl Be tcl eiTLTrjBeLa avdy/crj rjv e^ievai * fcal eirl tov- 
T(p irdXiv i^veTO et9 Tpfc, Kal ovk eylyveTO tcl lepd. Kal tjBtj 
Kal eirl aKTjvrjv lovTes tt]V ttevocfrtovTos eXeyov otl ovk e^oiev 
tcl eiTLTrjBeLa ■ o S' ovk av e<p7] e^ayayelv pJt] yLyvo/jbivcov t&v 
lepcov. 

20. Kal irdXiv ttj vcrTepala e^rveTO, Kal cr^eBov tl nraaa 
77 CTTpaTia Blcl to jxeXeiv diraGLV eKVKXovvTO irepl tcl lepd ■ 
tcl Be ^vfjLaTa iiTLXeXolTreL. Ol Be aTpaTrjyol i^rjyov fJLev ov, 
crvveKaKeaav Be. 21. EXirev ovv 'Eevocft&v • "Xacos ol iroXe- 



LIB. VI. CAP. IV. 163 

fjLLOi ouvecXeyfievoc elcrl Kal avdyrcrj fid^ecr^at ■ el ovv KarakL- 
TTOvres tci cr/cevT] iv tw ipvfivco X^P^V ® 5 6 ^ ^X^ v ^up 6 ' 
cncevaa^evoL Xoifiev, faco? av ra lepd irpo^copoiri rjfjblv. 22. 
\4.fcovaavT€$ he ol arparicoTai dveKpayov o>? ovhev heov eh to 
ycoptov ctyecv, dXXd S-vecrS-cu a>9 Ta^vara, Kal Trp6/3aTa fiev 
ovtceTi r/v, fiovv he v$ dftdlpfi Trptdfievot i9-vovTO ■ Kal aevo- 
cpoov KXedvopos iheyjS-Tj tov 'ApKahos TrpoSvpLelaQai el tl iv 
tovtco eirj. 'AXX ov& C09 eyeveTO. 

23. Necov he ?]v fiev (rrpaTTfyos fcaTa to Xetpcaocpov fie- 
pc<?' eVel he ecopa tovs dvS-pcoTrov? co? el%ov hetvco? tt) ivheta, 
QovXofjbevos avToh x a P^ e<J ^ ai y evpcov Tiva dv3-poo7rov 'Hpa- 
tcke&Trjv o? ecjyf] Kcofia? e'771/9 elhevac 63-ev eXt] Xafielv tc\ 
iiriTijheta, i/ajpvtre tov /3ovX6/ievov levai iirl tc\ iiriTijheta a>9 
rjye/JLovos icro/xevov. 'E^ep^ovTat hi] crirv hopaTLOCS Kal dcrKoh 
Kal 3-vXaKocs Kal dXXocs dyyeloc? eh htcrx^Xtov^ dv3-poo7rov$. 
24. 'Eireih/] he rjcrav iv Tah Koojiais Kal hieo~TreipovTO co? iirl 
to Xafifidveiv, iTTLTriirTovcriv avToh ol <&apva(3d^ov lirireh 
TrpooTOL, /SefiorjS-rjKOTe? yap rjcrav Toh BtS-vvoh /3ovXo/xevoc 
avv Toh BtQvvoh el hvvatvTO diroKcoXvcrac, tou9 "EXXrjvas 
jjLi] eXS-elv els ttjv ^pvylav. Ovtol ol Imreh air OKTeiv oven 
tojv dvhpwv ov [lelov irevTaKocrlov^ ■ ol he Xonrol iirl to 6po$ 
dvecfivyov. 

25. ^Ek tovtov aTrayyeA.Xec tls TavTa tcov diro^evyovTcov 
eh to cTTpaToirehov. Kal f Eevo<ficov, iirechij ovk iye^/evrjTO tcl 
lepd TavTrj Trj r)p,epa, Xa(3cov jBovv vtto dfid^rjs, ov yap rjv 
dXXa lepeia, o-<paytaad[Jbevo^ i/3oi]Sec } Kal ol aXXoc ol fi£xP c 
TpiaKovTa iTcov aTravTes. 26. Kal dvaXa/36vTes rou9 Xoc- 
7rou9 dvhpas eh to crTpaToirehov d<pCKV0vvTac. Kal ijhrj fiev 
d/jb(pl r)Xiov hvcrfjids rjv Kal ol "EXXrjves (idXa dS-vfJL(D$ e^oz/T69 
ihetTTvoTTOtovvTo, Kal i^aiTLvrj^ hid tcov Xacrtcov tcov BcBvvcov 
Tives iTTcyevo/ievot toZ$ Trpo§vXa%L tou9 p-ev KaTeKavov tou9 
oe ihlco^av f^exp^ eh to crTpaToirehov. 27. Kal Kpavyrj? 
yevofJLevrjs eh tcl oirXa iravTes crvveopafiov ol f/ EXX7]ve$ Kal 
htaoKecv jxev Kal Kivelv to crTpaToirehov vvkto? ovk dcrfyaXe? 



164: EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

ihoKec elvao* Baaed yap rjv ra ycopia* ev he rols ott\ol$ 
evvKTepevov <pv\aTTO/ievoo itcavols cpvXatjt. 



CAP, V. 

1. Tr)v /lev vvfcra ovrco htrjyayov dfia he rfj i) fie pa o I 
crTpaT7]jol eh to epvjivov %oopiov rjyovvTO* ol he elirovTo 
avaXafiovres tcl oifka Kal tcl c-fcevr). Uplv he dpiarov copav 
elvat direi dcftpevaav y t) etcrohos rjv et? to yjspiov, koX aire- 
o-Tavpcocrav drrav, tcaTaXtirovTes Tpeis irvkas. Kal ifkolov 
e% r Hpafc\ela<z rjtcev akfyiTa dyov Kal lepela Kal olvov. 2. 
Ilpcoi &* avacrTas &evo<j>cbv e&vero eire^ohia, Kal yiyveTai ra 
lepd eirl tov irpooTov lepelov. Kal rjhr] reXo9 eyovTcov tcov 
lepcov opa derov dicriov 6 jidvTLS 'Aprj^Lcov Uappdato^, Kal 
TjyetaS-ai, Kekevei tgv BevotficovTa. 3. Kal htafiavres tt)v 
rdcj)pov Ta oirXa Ti&evTai, Kal eKrjpv^av dpiarrjaavra^ e^ie- 
vat rovs (TTpaTLCDTas crvv tois ottXols, tov he oyXov Kal rd 
dvhpdiroha avrov KaraXiirelv. 4. 01 fiev hrj akXot irdvres 
i£r/ecrav, Necov he ov' ehoKec yap kclKXigtov elvau tovtov 
<j>vkaKa KaiakiTrelv tcov ezrl tov GTpaTOTrehov. ^Eirel S' ol 
Xo^ayol Kal ol GTpaTiooTai direkcirov avTOvs, alayyvofievot, 
fir] efyeTrea&aL tcov dWcov e^covTcov, KaTekiirov avTOv tov$ 
virep 7revT€ Kal TeTTapaKOVTa cttj. Kal ovtol fiev efievov ol 
&' dWot, eiropevovTO. 5. Uplv he TrevTeKalheKa GTahia hie- 
XrjXvS-evac eveTvyov 7]hrj veKpois • Kal ttjv ovpdv tov KepaTO? 
7TOL7]G-dfJLevoL KaTa tov$ irpooTovs (f>avevTa$ veKpovs e^aiTTov 
TrdvTas ottogovs enreXdfij3ave to Kepas. 6. 'Eirel he tovs 
TrpooTovs e^atyav, TrpoayayovTes Kal ttjv ovpdv av^is ttolt)- 
adfievoc KaTa tovs irpooTOVS tcov aTacpcov e^airTOV tov ai)TQV 
Tpoirov ottogovs eireXdjiftavev f/ GTpaTtd. \E7rel he et? ttjv 
ohbv rjKOV ttjv eK tcov kco/icov, evha hrj eKeiVTO dbpcot, crvve- 
veyKovTe? avToi)$ e^ayjrav. 

7. "Hhr) he irepa fieo-ovcrr}? t?}? rjfiepa? Trpoayayovre? to 
(TTpaTev/ia e%co tcov kco/icov e\d/i/3avov Ta eiriTrjheia 6 tl tI$ 



LIB. VI. CAP. V. Ig5 

Spoor) euro? tt}? cf)dXayyo<;. Kal e%al$V7}<$ opoocn tov$ iroXefii- 
ovs v7T€p/3dWovTa<; /card Xocpovs tlvcls €k tov evavTiov ) rera- 
i yfievovs eirl cjidXayyos unreal re 7roXXov$ /cat ire^ovs • /cat yap 
%7rt$pL8dT7]<; Kal 'Pd^Lvrjs rjtcov irapd $>apva/3d£ov e^ovres 
ttjv hvvapuv. 8. 'Eirel he KaTelhov tou? "EXXyvas oi TroXe- 
fiioi, earijaav direyovTes avToov ocrov irevTeKaiheKa GTahlovs. 
'Etc toutov ev^vs * Aprfeioov 6 \idvTis toov 'EXXtjvoov (Kpaytd- 
^erai, Kal iyevero eirl tov nrpdoTov Ka\d rd <j(pdyta, 9. *Ev- 
Sa hrj 'Eevcxficbv Xeyec AoKel /lot, oo dvhpes o-TparrjyoL lirird- 
^acr^at rfj cjodXayyi Xoyov? cfivXaKas, Iva dv ttov her) ooatv oi 
i7ri/3o7]^i]crovT6<; rfj (fcdXayyi, Kal oi iroXepuoi Terapayfievot 
ipuTTiTTTcocrLV eh TeTay/xevov^ Kal aKepatov?. 10. SvvehoKei 
ravra Trdatv. c T/ze£? fxev tolvvv, ecj)?], irporjyelo^e tt)v 7rpb<$ 
tovs evavriovS) o>? fir) eaTrjKoo/jiep eVel oocfy^rj/jiev Kal elhofxev 
roil? iroXepLiovs' eyoo he i]£co tov$ reXevraiovs Xo^ovs KaTayoo- 
piaas f)Trep vfjuv hoKel. 

11. 'Ek tovtov oi fiev ijavypi irporjyov* 6 he rpels dcfie- 
Xcbv ra? TeXevralas razees, dvd StaKoaiovs dvhpas, Tr)v puev 
eirl to he^ibv eTrerpe'yjrev icj)e7reo~^at, diroXiiTovTa^ ft>? 7rXe- 
^pov ■ %afioXa<z ^A^aths ravTrjs r/px e T V? Ta^eoos ' ttjv S' iirl 
Top fieaqo eyd>pio~ev errecr^aL' Uvpptas 'ApKas TavTrjs r)p%e % 
tt)v he fiiav iirl too evoovvfiop • Qpacrlas '' ' A^rjvalo^ TavTjj i(fie- 
crTrjfcei. 12. TLpoiovTes he, errel eyevovTO oi ijyovyuevoi iirl 
vdirei fJieydXfp Kal hvariropop, eaTrjcrav dyvoovvTe? el hta/3aTeov 
€17) to vdiros • Kal irapeyyvoocn CTpaTrjyovs Kal Xoyayovs 
irapievai eirl to rjyov/jievov. 13. Kal 6 Zievocfrcov, ^savfidaa^ 
6 tl to Xcryov elrj ttjv iropelav Kal Taj(p aKovcov ttjv irapey- 
yvrjv, eXavveu fj ehvvaTO TayjLGTa. ^Eirel he crvvrjX^ov, Xeyeu 
2o<palv€To<; TrpeaftvTaTO? tov tow crTpaTTjycov oti /3ouXt}? ovk 
dfyov eel) el hta(3aTeov €cttI tolovtov bv to vdiros. 

14. Kal 6 'Bei>o(j)cov enrovhf) v7roXa/3cbv eXe^ev ■ 'AXX* iaTe 
fiev fie, oo dvhpeS) ovheva itoo Kivhvvov irpo^evijaaina vjullv i^e- 
Xovaiov ov yap hot;7)<; opoo heop,evovs vpids 66? dvhpetoTTjTa. 
aXXd crooTTjplas. 15. Nvv he ovtoo? e^eu ■ dfia^el fiev ev- 
^sevhe ovk €cttlv direbStelv • r)v yap (it) ^et? Xoofxev eirl tou? 



166 EXPEDITIO CYEI. 

iroXepLLOVS, ovtol rjpblv OTTorav airicdfiev ey^rovrai kcli eiruTre- 
aovvrai. 16. 'Opdre hrj irorepov Kpelrrov ikvai eirl to 1/9 
avhpa? 7rpo/3aX\o/jbevov<; tcl oirXa, r) fjL6Ta/3aXko{iivov<; oiu- 
cr^ev rjficov einovTas tou9 7roXepLiovs ^edaaa^at. 17. "Iare 
fievrot otl to peep airikvai airb 7roXep,lcov ovhevl tedkeo eouce • 
to he icpiirea^at /cat tols Kcucloab ^adppo^ epLiroLel. "Eycoy 
ovv rjhiov av crvv r)pi,icreaLV eirolpLrjv f) avv hbirXaaioL^ diro^co- 

pOL7)V. Kal TOVTOVS olS* OTL €7Tl6vT(DV fJL€V rjpLCOV OV& VpLel? 

eXiri^eTe avTovs he^aa^aL r)pba$ • clttlovtcov he iravTes eirLcrTd- 
pue^a ore ToXpurjaovacv i(f>e7rea^aL. 18. To he huafiavTas 
oTucfbev vamos yaXeirbv irotrjcraaiiab pueXXovTas pbd^ea^sat 
dp ov%l Kal dpirdcrai al~iov ; Tols fiev yap iroXepbioLS eycoye 
/3ov\oipL7]v av eviropa irdvTa ^aiveo^sai cocrTe diro^copelv • 
rj/uas he Kal dirb tov yj&piov Set StSdo-Kea^ac otl ovv eaTL pit] 
vlkcoctl acoT7]pia. 19. ©avpud^co h" eycoye Kal to vdiro^ tovto 
ei T£9 pbdXXov cpoflepbv vopa'^eL elvat tcov aXXcov tov hiaireiro- 
pevfie^a %cop[cov. H co9 p,ev yap StafiaTov to Trehlov, el pbr) 
vbKrjaopuev tow linreas ; 7rcbs he a SieXrjXv^apbev opt), rjv 7re\- 
TaaTal Toaothe ecpe7rcovTaL ; 20. *Hv he hr) Kal crco&cbpLev eirl 
^dXaTTaV) ttqgov tl vdwos 6 TLovtos ; ev^a ovTe irXold eaTL 
tcl dird^ovTa ovTe ctltos c5 ^pety6pt,e^a pievovTes ■ Setfcrec he, f)v 
^cittov eKel yevcopue^a, ^cittov irdXiv e^ievai eirl tcl eTTLTr)- 
Seta. 21. Ovkovv vvv KpelTTOV r/ptcrTrjKOTas pudyea^saL f) av- 
piov dvapLCTTOvs. "AvSpes, Ta Te lepa rjpblv KaXa oi Te otcovol 
aicrLOL Ta Te cr<fcdyLa KaXXLaTa. "Icopuev eirl tov<? avhpas. 
Ov Sel €TL tovtovs, eirel rjp,as irdvTcos elSov, rjSeeos heLTrvrjaaL 
ovS* ottov av ^eXcocri aKrjvrjaat. 

22. 'EvTev^bev oi Xo^ayol rjyela^aL eKeXevov, Kal ovSels 
dvTeXeye. Kal o? rjyelTo, TrapayyeiXas SiaftaiveLV § eKaGTO? 
eTvyyave tov vdirovs cov ■ ^clttov yap av d^poov eSoKeL ovtco 
nrepav yevea^ac to aTpaTevpia rj el KaTa tt)v yecjyvpav r) eirl 
Tat vdireb rjv etjepbrjpvovTO. 23, 'Eirel he hLefir)crav, irapbcov 
irapa ttjv cjzaXayya eXeyev "Avhpes, dvapLtpbvijaKea^e 6aa<$ 
hrj p,dya<$ crvv tols ^eol$ opuoae lovTes vevLKrjKaTe Kal ola ird- 
o-'yovGLV ol iroXepuiovs (f>evyovTe$ • Kal tovt ivvovaaTe otl eirl 



LIB. VI. CAP. V. 167 

rals ^vpacs tt)<? *EX\dho<; ia/jtev. 24. 'AXX? eirea^se rjye/jtovt 
to) 'HpafcXec, kclI dXXrjXovs TrapaKaXetTe 6vo}aci<ttl. *Hhv tol 
dvhpelov tl Kal koXov vvv ehrovTa Kal TrotrjaavTa /jlvtj/jltjv iv 
oh e^eXet irapeyetv iavrov. 

25. Tavra irapeXavvoiv eXeye Kal afia vcfrrjyetTO eirl <f>d- 
Xayyos, Kal rou? irekraarrd^ ifcarepco^ev irotrjadfievot eiropev- 
ovro iirl tou? iroXefJLLovs. IlaprjyyeXXeTO he rd ptev Sopara 
eirl tov he^tov copov eyetv, ^' w cr^ptalvot rfj adXirtyyt ■ eiretra 
he eh 7rpo(3o\r]v fccfoevra? €7rea^at ftdhrjv Kal firjheva hpo/icp 
hicofceLV. 'Etc tovtov avv^7][jLa Trap-yet ZETS SS2THP, 
'HPAKAHX 'HFEMnN. 26. 01 he iroXepttot virepievov 
vopbi^ovres KaXbv eyetv to ^coptov. 'Eirel he eirXnqcriaCpv, dXa- 
Xd^avre^ ol r/ EXXrjve$ 7reXraaTal e^eov eirl tovs TroXepbiovs 
TTpiv Tiva KeXeveiv • oi he iroXifiioi dvTiot oopptTjaav, ol re 
iinTels Kal to crTtfos tcov Bfevvcov Kal TpeirovTat tov$ 7reX- 
TaGTas. 27. 'AXX! eirel v7T7]VTia%ev rj (fcdXayt; tcov oirXtTcov 
Tayy iropevopbevT] teal dfia rj crdXirty^ e<jj§eyl;aTO kg) eiratoovt' 
%ov Kal fieTa TavTa rjXdXa^ov Kal dfia Ta hopaTa tccfoieaav ■ 
ivTCLifea ovfceTi ihe^avTO ol iroXepitot, dXX! ecf>evyov. 28. Kal 
Ttptacricov ptev eyjsv tovs iTnrels i(pec7reTO, Kal direicTivvvaav 
baovs irep ihvvavTO co? oXlyot 6We?. Tcov he iroXefilcov to 
fiev evcovvptov ev^vs htea7rdpr], /caV b ol "EXXrjves fanrek 
rjcrav • to he he^tbv a/re ov acpohpa hiwtcofievov eirl X6<pov crvve- 
GT7). 29. 'Eirel he elhov ol T 'EXXr)ve<$ viropLevovTa? avTOvs, 
ehoicei paaTov re Kal aKtvhvvoTaTov elvat levat eV avTovs. 
TlataviaavTes ovv ev^svs eireKeivTO* ol he ovy^ vireixewav. Kal 
ivTav^a ol TreXTaaTal ehlcofcov fie^pc to hefyov av hceaTrdpr/ ■ 
dire^savov S' oXtyoi • to yap hnrucov <^>6j3ov wapetjQE to tcov 
iroXefxlcov ttoXv ov. 30. 'Eirel he elhov ol "EXXyves to re 
Qapvaftdtpv lttttikov eTi crvveaTTjKo^ koI tov? B&vvovs hr- 
7rea? 7rpo? tovto cvvafe poiCpi±evov$ Kal euro \6cj)OU twos KaTa- 
^ecofiivovs Ta ytyvofieva^ direiprjiceaav fiev, o/xcos S' ihoxec Kal 
eVt tovtovs heov elvat oiira)? oVw? hvvaiVTQ, a>? /jltj Te^rappr)- 
KOTes dvairavaaivTo. SvvTa^d/xevoL hr] iropevovTai. 31. 
EvTexfeev ol iroXepaoc fanreis (pevy overt KaTa tov irpavovs 



168 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

6fjLoiG)$ cocrirep virb lirirecov BtcoKOfxevoL ■ vdiros yap avrov? ' 
VTreSi^ero, b ov/c f/Becrav ol r/ EXX7]ve$, dXXd irpoairerpdnrovro 
BicoKOVTes • o^fre yap r/v. 32. 'EiraveX&ovTes Be evQa rj irpco- 
ttj crvfi/3o\r] eyevero crrrjcrd/jLevoL Tpbiraiov dirrjeaav eirl Sd- 
Xarrav 7repl rjXcov Bva/md^ ■ GTaBioi 6° rjcrav o>9 k^rjKOvra eirl 
to (TTparoirehov. 



CAP. VI. 

1. 'EvTev&ev ol puev iroXefiioi el%ov d/ncftl rd eavTcbv Kal 
aTTTj^ovTo teal tovs olfcera? fcal rd ^prjfJiaTa ottol eBvvavTO 
Trpoacordrco • ol Be r/ EXX7)ve$ 7rpoaefievov fxev KXeavBpov /cat 
ras TpLrjp€L<$ /cat rd irXola o>? rj^ovra ■ ij-iovres Be ifcdcrTTjs 
rj/juepas crvv toi$ viro^vyioi^ teal tols dvBpairoBoi^ efyepovTO 
dBecos Trvpovs, fcptQds, olvov, oaTrpta, jiekivas, av/ca • diravra 
yap dya&d elyev r) %d>pa ttXtjv eXacov. 2. Kal oirore /lev 
Karaiikvoi to crTpaTev/ia dvairavopievov, e^rjv eirl Xeiav levai • 
/cat iXd/x/3avov ol e^iovTe? • oiroTe §' e^ioi irdv to (TTpaTevjia, 
el tcs %o)pt? d7T€X&a)v Xdj3ou tl, Btj/jLoctlov eBo^ev elvac. 3. 
"HBr) Be tjv ttoXXtj irdvTcov d<fi&ovla ■ fcal yap dyopal irdvTO- 
&ev dcfufcvovvTO etc tcov 'EXXt]vlBcov TroXecov, teal ol irapairXe- 
ovt€$ dcfjuevoi KaTrjyov, dtcovovTes o>9 oIkl^olto ttoXls, teal 
XifJb7]v eh], 4. "Eirepbirov Be Kal ol iroXepaot rjBr) o't ttXtjctlov 
cpKOvv irpbs UevocpcovTa, dicovovTes otl ovtos iroXt^et to ^cd- 
ptov, epcoT&VTe? 6 tl Beoi iroiovvTas <fitXov<; elvac. c O 6° eVe- 
BeiKwev avTov<$ toI<z <TTpaTicoTaL$. 5. Kal ev tovtco KXeav- 
Bpo$ dcbt/cvetTat Bvo Tpcrfpecs e%cov, irXolov §' ovBev. 'ETvy- 
%(ive Be to (TTpaTevfia e^co ov 6Ve dcpUeTO Kal eirl Xeiav 
Tive<$ olypixevoi dXXot dXXrj eh to 0/509, Kal elXrjfeaav irpo- 
/3aTa 7roXXd • oKvovvTe? Be per] dfyaipe&elev tco Ae^lirirfp 
Xeyovatv, 09 direBpa tt\v irevT^KovTopov e%cov Ik Tpaire'Cpvv- 
T09, Kal KeXevovai BcaaeocravTa avTols Ta 7rpoj3aTa Ta fiev 
avTov Xafielv, Ta Be cr^tcnv diroBovvai. 

6. Ev&vs 8' eKelvo? direXavvei tov$ irepLecrT&Tas tcov 



LIB. VI; CAP. VI. 169 

err part cor cov Kai Xeyovras otl Brj/iocrca etrj • teal tco KXedv- 
Bpco eXScov Xeyet ore dpird^etv eirLyeipovcriv. *0 Be KeXeveu 
tov apiraQovTa clyecv Trpbs avrov. 7. Kal 6 fiev Xa/3cov rjye 
rcva ■ irepiTV^cov S' * Ay aortas depat .pelrai ' Kal yap rjv avTco 
6 dybfievos Xo^lttjs. 01 Be aXXot ol irapovres tcov GTpaTico- 
tcov eiriyeipovai /3dXXetv tov Ae^nnrov, dvaKaXovvres tov 
TTpohoTTjv, 8. "EBetcrav Be /cal tcov Tpir\ptTcov irdXXol Kal 
etfcevyov els rfjv 9-dXaTTav • fcal KXeavBpos S' efyevye. Eevo- 
epeov Be Kal ol aXXot arparTjyol KareKcoXvov T€ Kal tco KXedv- 
Bpco eXeyov otl ovSev etrj irpaypia, dXXct to Boy/ia aiTiov ecr] 
to tov cTrpaT€v/iaTO<; TavTa yevecrS-ac. 9. 'O Be KXeavBpos 

V7T0 TOV Ae^ilTTTOV T6 aV€pe&L%6fJL€V0S Kal aVTOS d^eaS-els 

otl iepofiijS-rj, aTTOTrXevcrelcT&aL e<pr) Kal Ki]pv%etv fxrjBefAiav 
ttoXlv Be^eoS-ac avTOvs, a>? TroXejJblovs* ^Hp^ov Be tot€ 
ttclvtcov tcov ( EXXt]vcov ol AaKeSat/xovtoi, 

10. 'EvTavS-a TTovr\pbv to Trpayfia eBoKec elvai rots f/ EX- 
Xtjctl, Kal iSeGVTO /xrj iroielv Tavra, c O S' ovk av aXXcos ecprj 
yevecrS-ai, el jxi] tls eKBcoaei tov apzavTa j3dXXetv Kal tov 
dcpeXopievov. 11. ^Hv Be bv e^rjTet " Ayacrlas Bid TeXovs epi- 
Xos tco UevocpcovTt ■ i£ ov Kal Bte/3aXev avTov 6 Ae^Lrriros. 
Kal ivrevSev eVe^S?) drropla r/v, Gvvr t yayov to trTpaTevpia ol 
dpyovTes • Kal evioi fiev avTcov Trap bXlyov eiroiovvTO tov 
KXeavopctv ■ tco Be UevocpcovTt ovk eBoKet cpavXov elvat to 
Trpdyaa, aXV dvacTTas eXe^ev ' 

12. * 12 civBpes crTpaTLcoTai, e/xol o' ov cpavXov BoKel elvat 
rb Trpdypia, el rjpilv ovtcos €%mv ttjv ^/vco/jltjv KXeavBpos direi- 
triv coairep Xeyec. Elal jxev yap 6771)? al c EXXr]viBes TroXets * 
ttjs 8* 'EXXdSos AaKeSaLpLovcoc T7poecTTr)Kacriv ■ iKavol Si elcrt 
Kai els eKacTTOs AaKedaLpLovlcov ev Tals iroXecnv 6 tl (3ovXov- 
Tai oiaTrpdTTecr&aL. 13. El ovv ovtos irpcorov fiev ?//za? 
Bv^avrcov diTOKXelcTei, eiretTa Be tols oXXols dpfiocrrals Tra- 
payyeXel els tcls iroXets [irj Be^ecrS-at cos dincTTOvvTas AaKe- 
Bat/ioviots Kal dvopLovs ovras ' eTt Be Trpbs 'Ava%i/3tov tov 
vavap^ov ovtos Xoyos irepl rj/icov rj^et • ^aXeTrbv ecrrai Kal 
\heveiv Kai diroiTXelv* Kal yap ev rfj yfj dp^ovcrt AaKeBat- 



170 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

fiovLOL fcal ev rf) QakaTrrj rbv vvv yjpovov. 14. Ovkovv Bel 
ovre ez/09 dvBpbs eveica ovre Bvolv rjfJias tov$ aXXovs T779 *E\- 
XdBos aire^ea^ai, dXXa ireiareov 6 tl av KeXevcocri • Kal yap 
al TroXei? r/pucov oQev ecrpiev TreiSovrac avrols. 15. *Eyto puev 
ovv, teal yap aKOVco Ae^LTTirov Xeyeiv irpbs KXeavBpov o>9 ovk 
av eiroirjcrev 'Ayacrlas ravra, el purj iyco avrbv eKeXevcra, iyco 
fiev ovv airoXvco Kal vjjlcls ttjs alrlas fcal 'Ayacriav, av avrbs 
*Ayacria<z eftrjerr) ifii tl tovtcov aortov elvaL, fcal fcaraBtfcd^co 
ipavTov, el iyco 7reTpo/3oXia<$ i) aXXov tlvos fiialov i%dp%co, 
t?}? ecryarris Blktjs a%io<$ elvai, Kal v(f>e%co ttjv Blktjv. 16. 
<f>r)[u Be fcal el riva aXXov alriarat, XPV vaL eavrbv irapacryelv 
KXedvBpco fcptvac ovtco yap av vpuels airoXeXvpbevoL ttjs al- 
rcas eirjre. *S2$ Be vvv e^ei, ^aXeTrbv el olopcevoi iv rfj *EX- 
XdSi fcal iiralvov Kal Tipbrjs rev^eaQai dvrl Be tovtcov ovS* 
ojjloioo toI$ aXXoi? ecr6[JLe&a 3 dXX elp^opue^a i/c tcov 'EXXtjvl- 
Bcov 7r6\ecov. 

17. MeTa TavTa dvaaTa^ elirev *Ayacria$ • 'Eyco, el) av- 
Bpe$, opvvpa Qeovs Kal &ed$ rj /irjv fJbrjTe pue EievocfrcovTa KeXev- 
trai d(f>eXecr&aL tov dvBpa pnqTe aXXov vpicov pLrjBeva* IBovtl 
Be [jlol dvBpa dya&bv dyofievov tcov ipbcov Xo^ltcov vtto Ae^iir- 
irov, bv vfiels iiricrTaaS-e v/jlcls irpoBbvTa, Betvbv eBotjev elvai • 
Kal d<pei\6/jL7]v, opuoXoyco. 18. Kal vpels puev pbrj i/cBcoTe pie • 
iyco 8' epiavTov, coenrep 'Bevocfrcov Xeyei, TrapacryjqtTco KpivavTi 
KXedvBpco 6 tl av ftovkrjTai TrotrjcraL • tovtov eve/ca pbrjTe 
iroXepuelTe AafceBaipLoviois crco^ea^e re dcrfyaXto? ottol S-e\eo 
€fcacrTO$. Xvpirepb'^raTe puevTOi poi vpicbv avrcov eXopuevoi 
7rpo9 KXeavBpov oiTtves, av ti eyco irapaXeiiroi), koX Xe^ovatv 
virep epbov Kal irpd^ovcnv. 19. *Etc tovtov eBcoicev y aTpaTid 
ovcrTivas /SovXoito irpoeXopievov levai. *0 Be TrpoeiXeTO tov<z 
crrpaTrjyovs. MeTa TavTa eiropevovTO 7T//09 KXeavBpov 
*Ayacria<$ Kal ol cTTpaTrjyol Kal 6 dcfraipe&els dvrjp vtto 'Aya- 
ctlov • Kal eXeyov ol crTpaTrjyoi, 

20. ^Eirep^rev rjp^a^r] crTpaTid wpb? ere, co KXeavBpe, Kal 
eKeXevcri ere, elVe TrdvTas ahta, KplvavTa creavTov %p7}crQai, 6 
tl av fiovXrj, elVe eva Tivd r) Bvo rj Kal irXeiovs alTia, tovtovs 



LIB. YI. CAP. VI. 171 

a^Lovac irapacr^elv ctol eavrovs eh /cplcnv. Eire ovv rj/icov 
rtva alrta, Trdpecrfiev croc rj/jcecs • elre /cal ciXKov Tcvd, <j>pd- 
cov • ovBels yap direcTTac octtls av rjjjccv e3-e\rj Trei&ecr&ac. 
21. Mera ravra Trape\&cov 6 'Ayacrlas ecTrev "Eyco elfjcc, co 
KXeavBpe, 6 acfieXo/xevos Ae^tTnrov dyovTos tovtov tov avBpa 
/cal iralecv /cekevcras Ae^nnrov. 22. Tovtov /lev yap olBa 
dvBpa dyaSbv ovra ■ Ae^cirirov Be olBa alpe&evra virb Trj$ 
GTpcLTLas dp^ecv t?}? irevTrjKovTopov 979 ?]T7]crd/jLe&a irapa 
Tpaire'CpvvTLcov ecj> co re ttXoZcl crvXkeyecv C09 crco^olfie&a' /cal 
diroBpdvTa Ae^cmrov /cal irpohovra rou9 crTparccoTa^ fieS? cov 
ecrw&rj. 23. Kal tovs re Tpaire^ovvTcov? direcrTeprjKafiev 
ttjv TrevrrjfcovTopov Kal kclkoI BoKodfiev eivat Bid tovtov ■ av- 
toc re to eirl tovtco diroXcoXaiiev. "H/cove yap, coenrep 
fjjjieis, co? arropov elrj ire^fj dircovTa^ 70U9 iroTayuov^ re Bcafirj- 
vcll /cat crcoSfjvaL eh ttjv *E\\dBa. Tovtov ovv tocovtov ovtcl 
dcpeiXofjLTjv. 2i. El Be av 97759 rj aWos tcs tcov irapd gov, 
Kal /at) tcov Trap" r/fi&v drroBpavTcov, ev Icr&c otc ovBev av tov- 
tcov eiroirjaa. No/ic^e B\ edv i/ie vvv diroKTeivrjs, Be avBpa 
Beckov re /cal Trovqpbv avBpa dyaQbv diroKTeivcov* 

25. ^A/covcra? TavTa 6 KkeavBpos elirev otc Ae^nnrov fiev 
ovtc eiracvoirj, el ravTa Treiroc7]Kcb$ elrj • ov jievTOC ecprj vofic- 
£ecv ovB' el 7rafjL7r6v7]pos rjv Ae^cnriro^ /3tav yjpr\vai irdcryecv 
avTov, dXkd KpcS-ivTa, coairep ical vfiel^ vvv d^covTe, rfjs 
Bifcvfi TV%etv. 26. Nvv fiev ovv diriTe KaTokcrrovTes rovBe 
rbv avBpa ■ otov 8* eyco /ceXevcrco, irdpeare Trpbs ttjv Kplacv. 
AlTUOfiaL Be ovTe tt\v ciTpaTidv ovTe aXKov ovBeva gtl ■ eirel 
o5to9 auT09 6/jLoXoyel dcpeXecr^ac tov avBpa. 27. r S' dtpac- 
peQels elirev ■ *Eycb, do KXeavBpe, el teal diei fie dBt/covvTa tl 
ayecrSai, gvt eiraiov ovoeva ovt epaWov aXX earov oti 
Brj/jLocrca ecrj Ta irpofSara * tjv yap tcov GTpaTicoTcov Boyfia, el 
T69 oirore 1) cTTpaTtd e^ioi IBia Xtjl^olto, BripLocria elvai Ta 
\r)cj)&evTa. 28. TavT elirov • etc tovtov fie \af3cov OUT09 
rjyevy iva fir] cpQeyyocro fjiijBefe, dXX? avTos \a/3cov to fiepo? 
Btacrcocreie toI$ XtjcttoI^ nrapd ttjv pi]Tpav Ta ^prf/iara. 



172 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

Ilpbs ravra 6 RkiavSpo? etirev ■ \E7rel TOtvw tolovtos el, 
KaTapteve, Xva Kal irepl aov f3ov\evacopte$a. 

29. \E/e tovtov oi ptev afi<f>l KkiavSpov rjptaTCOv ■ tt)v Se 
crrpariav avvrjyaye Uevocf>cov /cat avve/3ov\eve, iript^at av- 
Spa? 7rpo? KkiavSpov 7rapatTr)aoptivov$ irepl tcov dvSpcov. 
30. 'Ek tovtov eSo^ev clvtoIs irepttyavTas aTpaT7)yov<$ Kal 
\oyayov$ Kal ApaKOVTtov tov ^TrapTtdTrjv, teal tcov aXkcov 
o? eSoKovv eirtTrjSetot elvai, SetaSat KXedvSpov Kcvra irdvTa 
Tpoirov depetvat tco avSpe. 31. 'EXQcov ovv 6 *Bevocj>cov \i- 
yet • "JS^et? p^iv, co KXiavSpe, tov? avSpas • feat r) aTpartd 
crot i^etTO 6 Tt e(3ov\ov 7rotr)aat teat irepl tovtcov koX Trepl 
eavTcov diravTcov. Nvv Si ae ahovvTai /cat SiovTat Sovvai 
acptat to) avSpe teal ptr) fcaTa/catvetv ■ 7roWa yap ev tco ept- 
irpoaSev %pov(p irepl tt)v aTpaTtdv epo^SrjaaTTjv. 32. Tav- 
Ta Si aov TV)(0VTe<$ virtayyovvTai crot dvrl tovtcov, rjv jSovXrj 
r/yetaBat avTcov fcal rjv oi Qeol t\eco coatv, eirtSei^etv crot teal 
&)? Koapttot elat fcal a>? i/eavol tco dp^ovTt iret&optevot tov$ 
iroXeptiovs avv rot? £eo£? pur] cpo/3e?aBat. 33. AiovTat Si aov 
koX tovto, irapayevoptevov /cal ap^avTa eavTcov irelpav Xaftetv 
teal Ae^LiTTTov /cal acj)cov tcov aWcov olos e/cacrTos eaTt, ical 
T7]v d^tav eicdcrTOts velptat. 34. 'Atcovaas TavTa 6 K\iav- 
Spo$ 'AWa val to) 5 tco, e(prj, Tayy Tot vpttv diro/cptvov/Jtat. 
Kal tco re avSpe vpttv StScout /cat avTos irapiaoptat • /cal rjv 
oi S-eol TrapaStScoat, i^rjyyjaoptat et? ttjv 'EXkdSa. Kal ttoXv 
oi \6yot ovTot dvTiot elcrlv r) ou? eyco irepl vptcov evicov rj/covov 
ft)? to cTTpaTev/ia dcpicrTaTe dirb Aa/ceSatptovicov. 

35. 'Ek tovtov oi ptev eiratvovvTes aTrrjXSov, e^oz>T€? tco 
avSpe* KkiavSpo? Se eQveTo enrl ttj iropeiq /cal avvrjv Eevo- 
cjxovTt cpiXtfccos /cal %eviav %vve/3d\ovTO. ^Eirel Se Kal ecopa 
avTov? to irapayyeXkoptevov evTa/CTco? irotovvra^, Kal peak- 
\qv eTt eire^vptet rjyeptcov yevia9-at avTcov. 36. ^Eirel ptivTOt 
Qvofiivco avTco eirl rpet? r)ptipa<; ovk iytyveTO Tct iepd, crvyKa- 
Xecras tov$ crTpaTrjyovs elirev 'Eptol ptev ovk e&eket yeve- 
cQat tc\ iepct e^dyetv • vptets ptivTOt ptrj dSvptetTe tovtov eve- 
Ka • vpTtv yap, ft)? eotKe, SiSoTat eKKopbiaat tov$ avSpas * 



LIB. VI. CAP. VI. 173 

dXXa iropeveaSe. 'H/iei? Be vp,a$, eTretBdv efcelae ijfcrjre, 
8el;6fJL€$a co? av BwajfieSa KaXXco-ra. 

37. 'Ek tovtov eBo^e tols crrpaTicorai^ Bovvao avroj ra 
Brj/jLoaca Trpo/Sara. Be Be^d/ievo? iraXiv avrofc direBojKe ■ 
kcil ovtos /iev aireirXeL. 01 Be o-rpartwrac BtaS-epevoc top 
alrop bv rjorav ovy/eeKO/JLitrfievoi tcai rdXXa a etXij&ecro.v e%e- 
TTopevopro Bia tow BlS-vvcov. 38. 'Eirel Be ovBevl evervyov 

TTGpeVO/jLeVOL T7}V 6p3-7]V 6B6v } 0)<JT k\oVTe$ TL ek T?]V (fuXldV 

iXSeiv, eBo£ev avrols rov/iiTaXiv inrooTpetyavTas eXQecv pi lav 
y/iepav teal vv/cra. Tovto Be iroti-jcravTe^ kXa(3ov irdKKa kclL 
dvBpdiroBa teal irpo^ara* teal debifcovro e/craloc eh Xpvaoiro- 
Xtv rtfi XaXfCTjBovlas, teal itcel ejiecvav ?]p,epas eirrd Xacpvpo- 
TrcoXovvres. 



174 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 



SENO^fiNTCS 
KTPOT ANABAZEnS Z'. 



CAP. I, 



1. t; Ol!A fiev Br) iv rfj dva^dcrei ry fiera Kvpov eTrpa^av 
ol "EXkrjve? fieypi T V? P^XyS' Ka l oaa iirel Kvpo? erekevrr}- 
<rev iv rfj iropela p<eyjpi el? rbv Hovtov dcpl/covTo, /cal oaa i/c 
rod Hovtov ire^fj e^tovre? /cal ifkeovTe? iiroiiqcrav peyjpi e%co 
tov arofiaros iyevovTO iv Xpvaoirokei ttj? 'Acrid?, iv rco irpo- 
oSev Xoyco BeBrjXcoTai. 2. \E/c tovtov Be <&apvd(3a£o? cfco- 
/3ovjjl€vo<; to (Trpdrevfia fir) inrl Tr)v avrov apjfiv arparevr}- 
Tai, irefi^a? irpb? 'Ava^lfitov rbv vavapyov, 6 Be eTvyev iv 
Bv^avTiq) cov, iSeiro BcafitjSdcrat to crTpdrevfia i/c ttj? 'Acl- 
a?, /cal viricryyelTO, irdvTa iroLrjaeiv avTco oaa Beoi. 3. Kal 
*Ava%i{3io? fieTeirefi^raTO tov? o-TpaTrjyov? /cal Xo^ayov? 
tcov cTpaTLCDT&v el? Bv^dvTiov, Kal viritryyelTO, el Biafialev, 
fitcr&ocpopav ecrecr&ai tol? crTpaTicoTac?. 4. 01 fiev Br) aXXot 
ecpacrav fiovXevcrdfievoi aTrayyeXeiv • Sevocpcov Be elirev clvtco 
otl dnraXXd^oiro rjBr) dirb ttj? GTpaTia? teal /SovXocto airo- 
irXelv. c O Be 'Ava%l/3io? itceXevcrev clvtov crvvBiafidvTa eirei- 
tcl ovtco? diraKkaTTea^ai, *E<f>7] ovv TavTO, iroirjaeiv. 

5. %ev$r)? Be 6 Opa% nrefiTrev MrjBoadBrjv /cal /ceXevec 
BevocpwvTa crvfiTrpoBvfietcr&ai, oirco? Bca/3fj to (TTpaTevfia, 
/cal ecf)7] avTco TavTa crvfiTrpo&vfirjQevTi otl ov fieTafjLeXrjcreiv. 
6. f OS' elirev, 'AXXa, to fiev arpdrevfia Bta^rjaerai • tovtov 
eve/ca firjBev TeXetra) fjbrjre ifiol firyre aXXco firjBevt* iireiBav 



LIB. VII. CAP. I. 175 

he hiafif), eycb fiev diraXKa^opiai 9 irpbs he tovs hia/xevovTas fcal 
hriKaipiovs ovras 7rpoo~<fiepeo~^cQ ft)? dv avT(p hoKjj dacfraXes. 

7. E/c tovtov hia/3aivovo~i irdvTes els Bv^dvTiov oi arpa- 
Tioyrat. Kal fiia^bv puev ovk ehihov 6 'Ava£i/3ios ■ eicrjpv^e he 
Xa(36vTas to, oirXa Kal tcl a/cevTj tovs aTpaTicoTas eleven. ft)? 
ciTroTre/jL^lrcov re a/xa Kal dpfopLov ttoitjctwv, Evrav^a oi 
aTparccorac ijjfiovro, ore ovk el^ov dpyvpiov eiriaiTL^ea^ai els 
Ti]P iropeiav, Kal OKVTjp&s GweaKevaCpVTO. 8. Kal 6 Eez/o- 
cj)cov KXedvhpa* tg3 ap/uoarr) %evos yeyevrj/xevos 7rpocre\^Q)v 
rjaTrd^ero avrbv ft)? diTOTrXevaovpLevos rjhr). c S' avra) Xeyet ■ 
Mr) iroir\o"Y)s Tama • el he pirj^ ecf)7], air lav e^eis, eirel Kdl vvv 
Tives tfhr] ae alrtoovrac ore ov Tayy e^epirei to aTpaTev/ia. 
9. c S' elirev • '.4AA,' atTios fih> eycoye ovk el/il tovtov, oi he 
o-TpaTCWTac avrol iTTiaiTia/JLOv heopievoi hid tovto a^vfiovai 
77720? ttjv e^ohov. 10. 'AXX' o/jlcos, €$>V> e '7^ croc cry/JL/3ovXevco 
i^eX^elv pLev ft)? iropevaofievov* eireihdv S' efa> yevrjTai to 
cTTpaTev/jia, TOTe diraXXaTTea^ai. TavTa toivvv, ecj)7] 6 'Bevo- 
(frcov. eX^ovTes 7T/30? J Ava^l/3iov hiairpa^opLe^a. Ovtcos iX- 
^oVre? eXeyov TavTa. 11. r O h" eKekevcrev ovtco iroieiv Kal 
e^ievai ttjv Ta^iaTTjv avveaKevaafievovs^ Kal TTpoaaveiirelv, o? 
dv fir) nrapfj els tt)v e^eTacriv Kal els tov dpfafiov, otl avTos 
avTOV alTtdaeTac. 12. 'EvTev^ev e^rjeaav oX Te GTparriyol 
irpSiTOL Kal oi dXXoi. Kal dphrjv irdvTes ttXtjv oXlycov e^co 
rjaav, Kal ^ETeoviKos eiaTrjKei irapa ra? irvXas ft)? oiroTe e^o) 
yevoivTo irdvTes avyKXetacov Tas nrvXas Kal tov /jlo^ov epbf3a- 
Xcov. 13. O he ' Ava£l/3ios avyKaXeaas tovs CTpaTrjyovs 
Kal tovs Xo^ayovs eXe^e • Td fiev eiriTTjheta, €<f>7], Xafi(3dveTe 
eK tcjv QpaKLcov Kcofjicbv • elal he avTo^c iroXXal Kpfoal Kal 
Tivpoi Kal TaXXa to. eTTLTt)heta • Xa/36vTes he 7ropevea^e els 
Xeppovrjaov, eKel he KvviaKos v/jlcv /nia^ohoTrjcret,. 14. 'Eira- 
KOvaavTes he Tives tcov aTpaTtcoTcbv TavTa, r) Kal tcov Xo%a- 
ycov tls hcayyeXXet els to o-TpaTev/ua. Kal oi puev crTpaTTjyol 
eirvv^sdvovTo irepl tov Sev^ov iroTepa iroXefxtos ecrj rj (ftlXos, 
Kal TTQTepa hid tov iepov opovs heoi Tropevea^ai rj kvkX<o hid 
fiearjs ttjs OpaKTjs. 



176 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

15. 'Ev a> Be ravra BLeXiyoPTO ol crrparccbTat avapira- 
<ravT€$ Ta qttXcl ^eovat Bpo/iop Trpbs tcls rrrvXas co? iraXtv eh 
to rectos el(TLQVT6s. ( Be 'Ereopi/cos /cal ol avv avT<p a>9 
elBop irpoG^eovTas tovs OTrXiras, arvy/cXeiovcrL ras irvXa? ical 
top fioyXop €fi/3dXkovaiP. 16. Ol Be gt par loot aL e/coiTTOP re 
tcls TTvXas /cal eXeyop otl dSifccorara irdayoLep e/cftaXXo/juepoL 
eh toi>? 7to\€{jlIovs' /cal /caTaayLcreLP t«9 TTvXas ecpacrap, el 
fir) efcopre? dpoi^ovatp. 17. "AXXoi, S' e^eop eirl ^dXarrap 
/cal irapd ttjp XV^V V T °v Teiyovs virepfiaipovaip eh ttjp tto- 
Xlp • aXXoL S' ol eTvyyupop epBop 6Vre? toop arparicoTcop o>? 
opoocn rd iirl rah TrvXais 7rpdy/jLaTa : SidfCOTTTOPTes rah d%l- 
vai<$ rd fcXel'itpa dpa7rerappvovao rd<? irvXas • ol 8' elcnri- 
tttovo-ip. 

18. 'O Be aepo^oop J)? elBe rd yLypofiepa, Set'cras fir] icfi 
dpirayrjp Tpdirotro to arpdrev/jLa /cal dp?)/ceara Kaicd yipoLTO 
Ty iroXeL /cal eavToo /cal tols aTpaTicoTai$ : e^et /cal cvpeLG- 
TriiTTei eccrco tcop ttvXoop ctvp tco oyXoo. 19. Ol Be Bv^uptlol 
&>9 elBop to crTpaTevfia j3iq elairiTTTOP, <fievyovo~ip etc Tr)$ dyo- 
pa9 5 ol [xep eh Ta ttXolcl, ol Be oltcaBe • octol Be epBop eTvyya- 
vop 6Vre9 e%co e^eop • ol Be /ca^elX/cop t#9 Tpirjpeis, 60s iv tcu$ 
TpLTjpeat, aco^oLPTO • iraPTes Be goopto diroXcoXepcu a>9 eaXoo- 
KVtas ttjs iroXeaos. 20. c O Be 'ETeopL/cos eh ttjp dfcpap diro- 
<f>evyeL. c O Be 'Apa^ifiios /caTaBpafxeop iirl ^>dXaTTap ep 
dXtevTiKop ttXolgo irepieTrXei eh ttjp aKpoiroXiP^ /cal ev^svs 
pLeTaireyimeTaL etc XaX/c7]B6po$ cjopovpovs • ov yap l/cavol i86- 
kovp elpat ol ep 777 d/cporroXeL cryelp tovs dpBpas. 

21. Ol Be gt par loot ai a>9 elSop top 'Bepo^ooPTa, Trpocnrl- 
tttovctlp avTcp ttoXXoI fcal XeyovcrL • Nvp aoL efjeaTLP, co P/epo- 
(f)6jp, dpBpl yepea^aL. "E^eLS 7toXlp, e^e^9 TpLrjpeis, %e^9 
yjp r Y)P'<*>Ta i eyeL<$ apBpas too~ovtov$. Nvp dp, el /3ovXolo, crv Te 
rjfjid^ oPTJaaLS, teal rjfjLeh ere fieyap TroLrjcraLfiep. 22. c O Se 
drreKpiparo • 'AXX* ev Te XeyeTe /cal woLrjaco TavTa • el Be 
tovtcop eiTL^VfieLTe, ^ecr^e Ta oirXa ep Ta^ei &>9 TayLGTa. 
BovXofxepos avTovs /caTrjpe/jLicraL, teal auT09 Te iraprjyyva Tav- 
Ta Kal tou9 aXXovs e/ceXeve irapeyyvap /cal T^ea^ac Ta 



LIB. VII. CAP. I. 177 

07rXa. 23. 01 he avrol vcj) eavTcov Tarrofxevoi ol re ottXItcu 
iv oXlyco XP° V( ? €69 ^ fCT ^ ) eyevovro /cal ol 7re\raaTal iirl to 
fcipas kfcdrepov 7rapahehpa/jLrjfceo~av. 24. To he yuopiov olov 
/cdXXiaTov ifcrd^aa^ai dare to Gpa/ctov /caXov/juevoVy eprjfiov 
ol/cicov /cal irehuvov. \E7rel he e/cecTO tcl birXa /cal KaT^pefxl- 
o-^rjcrav, crvy/caXel llevocpoov ttjv GTpaTidv /cal Xeyec Tahe* 

25. "Otl pLev opyi^ea^e, & avhpes crTpaTccoTat, /cal vofii- 
£eT€ hecvd irdayeiv i^aTraTcofxevoL ov ^avfid^a). "Hv he tco 
^vlicq yapi^cofxe^a /cal Aa/cehaifioviovs Te tov? irapovTas t?}? 
if;a7rdT7]<; TLfJLCoprjcrcofie^a /cal tt)v itoXiv tt)v ovhev ahiav 
hiap7rdcrcoLiev : iv^v/ieta^e a ecrTao ivTev^rev. 26. IloXefJuoi 
fiev eaofxe^a dirohehety fxevou AatcehatfAOviois /cal toc$ av/x/xd- 
%ois a olos S' 6 TroXefios av yevoiTO el/cd^ecv hrj nrdpeGTiv, ecopa- 
k6tcl<z teal dvafJLV7]a^sevTa^ tcl vvv hi) yeyevrjfxeva. 27. 'H/xeU 
yap ol 'A^rjvaioi, rjX^o/xev eh top iroXejxov tov 7rpo9 Aa/cehac- 
jxovlovs fcal tov? crv\x\xdyov^ eyovTes Tpir)pei<$ ra? fxev iv 
^aXaTTrj tcis 8* iv tol? vewptois ov/c iXaTTovs Tpta/cocrioov 
virapyovTcov he iroXXoov yprj/xaTcov iv ttj iroXec^ zeal irpoaohov 
ovar]<; KaT iviavTov diro T€ tcov ivhrj/xcov /cal i/c tt}9 virepopla^ 
ov fxelov yiXicov TaXdvTcov ■ apyovTes he tcov vrjacov diraaoiv 
teal ev Te ttj 'Acrta iroXXas eyovTes iroXets teal iv tyj Evpcoirrj 
aAAa? Te iroXXds, /cal avTo tovto to Bv^uvtcov oitov vvv 
ia/xev eyovTes, KaTeiroXeLirf^rjixev ovtco<; a>? irdvTe^ v/xels iirt- 
crTaa^e. 28. Nvv he hr) tl av olo/ue^a ird^elv AafcehaLfxo- 
vtcov /xev /cal tcov Ayaioov av/x/xdycov virapyovTcov, 'A^rjvalcov 
he /cal oaou ifcelvoi? TOTe rjaav avpLfiayoL irdvTcov Trpoayeyevr)- 
fievcov, Ttaaa<pipvov<^ he kol tcov iirl ^aXaTTrj aXXcov /3ap/3d- 
pcov irdvTtov TToXefJiicov rj/mlv ovTcov f TroXe\xicoTdTOV S' avTOV tov 
avco /3acr6Xeo)9, ov yX^o/jiev acfraiprjcro/jLevoL Te ttjv dpyrjv /cal 
dirofCTevovvTes el hwal/uie^a. Tovtcov hrj rrdvTcov 6/nov ovtcov 
ecTTi rt? ovTces defrpcov octtl? oleTai av 97/xa? Trepiyeveo^sai ; 
29. Mr) 77^09 ^ecov fiacvco/jie^a /Mjhe alaypm diroXcofxe^a 
7roXefjLLot 6vTe$ /cal rat? irarpio-i /cat, tocs rjfieTepots avTcov 
cf)iXoLs Te /cal olfceiois. 'Ev yap rat? iroXeaiv eltri irdvTe^ 
Tais ifi r/fias tTTpaTevaropbevais /cai hc/calccs, el /3dp/3apov fiev 



178 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

rroXtv ovhefitav rf^eXrjo-afiev KaracryeLv, Kal ravra Kparovvres, 
( EXXr]vlha he eh rjv irpcorr]v ttoXlv rfbSsofieV) ravrriv e^aXaird- 
gofiev. 30. 'Eyco fiev toivvv evypfiaL rrplv ravra eirihelv vcf> 
vficov yevbfieva fjivpias ifie ye Kara yr)s opyvtds yeveo^ai. 
Kal vfiiv he crvfifiovXevco f/ EXXr]vas bvra? roh tcov *EXXr]- 
vcov irpoearrfKoaL rrefoofievovs iretpda^at tcov Sttcaioov rvy- 
yuveiv. 'Eav he fir) hvvrja^e ravra, r)fia<z Set dhiKOVfievovs 
rrj<; yovv ^EXXdhos fir) crrepecr^ac* 31. Kal vvv fioi hoKel 
irejJL-s^ravra^ 'Ava%L(3ico elireZv ore r]fieZ<$ ovhev fiiaiov rroir]- 
covres TrapeXrjkxfeafiev eh rr)v ttoXlv, dXX* rjv fiev hvvcofie^a 
Trap vficov dya^ov re evpiaKea^sai • el he fir], dXXa hrfXcoaov- 
Te? ore ovk e^airarcofievot dXXa iret^ofievoi e^ep^ofie^a. 

32. Tavra eho^e • fcal rrefiirovcriv 'Iepcovvfiov re 'HXeZov 
epovvra ravra Kal EvpvXo^ov 'Aptcdha Kal $cXr]GLOV 'A^atov. 
01 fiev ravra coyovro epovvre<;. 

33. "En he Ka^r]fievcov tcov arpancorcov irpoaep^erau 
KoLpardhrjs @7]j3aZo^, 05 ov cpevycov rr)v 'EXXdha ireptyeo 
dXXa arparrfycov Kal errayyeXXofievos el Tt? r) ttoXls rj e&z/o? 
arparriyov heoiro. Kal Tore 7rpocreX^cov eXeyev on erotfios 
eirj rfyelo^ai avroZs eh to AeXro KaXov/ievov rr}$ @paK7]?, 
ev^fa rroXXa Kal dya^d Xrjy}rocvTO ■ eare 8' av fioXcocrcv, eh 
dcp^oviav rrape^eiv e<pr] Kal crZra Kal rrord, 

34. *Akovovctl ravra ol arpancorat Kal rd rrapd 'Ava^c- 
fttov dfia array yeXXo fiev a % drreKplvaro yap on rrefeofievois 
avroh ov fierafieXrjaeC) dXXa roh re oIkol reXeac ravra array- 
yeXel Kal avrbs fiovXevcrctro ire pi avrcov n hvvauro dya^ov. 
35. \E/c rovrov ol arpancorai rov re Koipardhrjv heyovrai 
arpaTqyov Kal e%co rod refyovs dirrjX^ov. c O he Kocpardhr]? 
avvri^erac avroh eh rr)v varepaiav rrapecreor^at eirl rb arpd- 
revfia e^cov Kal lepela Kal fidvnv Kal aZra Kal irora rfj or pa- 
na. 36. \E7rel §' e^fjX^ov, 6 'Ava^iftcos eKXeiae rd$ irvXas 
Kai eKrjpv^ev 09 av dXco evhov cov tcov arpancorcov rreirpdae- 
rat. 37. Tfj S* varepala 6 Kotpardhr)^ fiev e%cov rd lepela 
Kal rbv fidvnv rjxe, Kal dXcpcra cpepovres eXrrovro avrco e'cKO- 
aiv dvhpes Kal olvov dXXoi etKocn Kal eXaicov rpeh Kal crKopo- 



LIB. VII. CAP. II. 179 

Bcov [et?] dvr)p oaov eBvvaro fieyccrrov cpoprlov teal dXXo? 
tcpofifivcov. Tavra Be tcaraQefievos o>9 eirl Bdcrfieveriv i$v- 
ero. 

88. BevocfHUV Be fieTairefitydfievos KXeavBpov etceXeve Bta- 
irpa^cu ottcos eh to rel^o? re elaeX&oc teal aTTOirXevaai etc JBu- 
favriov. 39. 'EX&cov S' 6 KXeavBpos, MdXa fioXis, ecjyrj, Bca- 
7Tpa%afJL€vo<; rjteco ■ Xeyecv yap 'Ava^tfitov ore ovte eirLTrjBetov 
€i7j rou9 fiev crrpaTLCDTas ttXtjctiov elvai rod refyovs, Eez/o- 
cfrcovra Be evBov tovs Bv&vtlovs Be aracrid^eiv teal irovt]- 
pov$ elvai Trpbs dXXrjXovs ■ oficos Be elcrievai, ecfrr), eieeXevev, 
el fieXXoi crvv avr<p etcTrXeiv. 40. f O fiev Br) Bevocpcov denra- 
crdfievos tovs crrparicora^ eccrco rod refyovs dirrjei crvv KXe- 
dvBpco. c O Be KoipardBr]? rfj fiev Trpcorrj rjfjiepa ovte eteaXXie- 
pei ovBe Beefier prjerev ovBev roi$ crTpaTicorais • rfj §' varepala 
rd fiev lepela elo-Trjtcei irapa rbv ftcofibv real KotpardBrj^ icrre- 
cf>avcofievos o>9 Qvcrcov ' TrpocreXQcov Be Tifiacricov 6 AapBavevs 
teal Necov 6 'Acrivaios /cal KXedvcop 6 'Op^ofievio? eXeyov 
KoipardBrj fir) &veiv, o>9 ou% rjyrjcrofievov 7y crrparia, el fir) 
Bcocrei rd eiTiTr)Beia. 41. c O Be teeXevei BiafierpeicrS-ai. 
\E7rel Be ttoXX&v eveBei avrco (bare rffiepas crlrov efedcrrcp 
yevecr&ai rcov crTpaTicoTcov, dvaXaftcov rd lepela diryei teal 
rr)v arpar^ylav direiTrcav. 



CAP. II. 

1. Necov Be 6 'Acrivaio? teal <&pvvlcrtco$ 6 'A%aib$ teal <Pt- 
Xrjcreos o \4^a£09 teal BavQitcXrjs 6 'A^aio? teal Tifiacricov 6 
AapBavevs etrefievov eirl rfj crrparia, teal el<; tccbfias rcov &pa- 
tecov 7rpoeX3-6vre<; ra9 teard Bv^dvriov ecrrparoireBevovro. 
2. Kal ol crrparrjyol ecrracrla&v KXedvcop fiev teal $pvvlertco<; 
7rpo9 ^evQrjv /3ovXofievoi dyecv ' eiretS^e yap avrovs, teal 
eBcotce rep fiev Xirirov, tc3 Be yvvaltea ■ Necov Be et9 Xeppovrj- 
crov olofievos el virb AaieeBaifioviois yevoevro, iravrbs civ 
irpoecrrdvai rod crTparevfiaTos ■ Tofiacricov Be TrpovBvfielro 



180 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

irepav eh rrjs 'AaLav irdXiv Sia/3r)vat, olofievos av ooKaBe kcl- 
reX&eiv. 3. Kal ol arpartcorac ravra efiovXovro. A tar pi- 
fto/xevov Be rov yjpbvov iroXkol rcov arparccorcov, ol fiev ra 
oirXa airohihoixevoL Kara tovs ^copou? direirXeov &>9 eSvvavro* 
ol Be fcal [BtSovres ra oirXa Kara tovs %a>pou9] eh ra<z irokeis 
fcare/jLtyvvovro. 4. *Ava%i/3to$ S' escape ravra clkovcov Sia- 
fy&eipojjbevov rb crrpdrev/ia • rovrcov jap yiyvoybevcov coero 
fidXcara yapi^ecT&ai <£>apva(3d£cp. 

5. AiroirXeovri Be 'Ava^tftlco i/c Bv^avriov trvvavra 'Apl- 
crrap^os ev Kv^lkco BidBo^p^ KXedvBpco Bv^avriov dpfio- 
GTr}<$ • eXeyero Be ore fcal vavap%o$ SidSoyos IIcoXos oaov ov 
rrapetT] rjBrj eh ' EXXijcnrovrov. 6. Kal y Ava%L/3tos rco fiev 
^ Apiardp^co eiriareXXet ottogovs av evpoi ev Bv^avrico rcov 
Kvpov crrparicorcov VTroXeXetfA/jLevovs diroBocrQai • 6 Be KXe- 
avBpos ovSeva eireirpdicei • dXXa Kal rovs fedfjivovras e&epd- 
irevev ol/crelpcov Kal dvayKa^cov oIklcl Se%ea&ac '' Apicrrap^o^ 
S' eirel rjX&e rd^ccrra, ovk eXdrrov^ rerpaKoaicov direBoro. 
7. *Ava%ij3i,o<$ Be irapaTrXevaa^ eh Hdpiov ire/iirei rrapa 
$apvd/3a£ov Kara ra cTvyKeipbeva, c O S* eVel fjcrQero *ApL- 
arap^pv re rjKOvra eh Bv^dvrtov dp/Jioarrjv Kal *Ava%i(3iov 
ovKeri vavap^ovvra, 'Ava£tj3lov ftev rj/jLeXijae, 7rpb<? 'Api- 
arap'xpv Be Bueirpdrrero ra avra irepl rod Kvpeiov arparev- 
fiaros airep Kal irpbs *Ava%lf3tov. 

8. 'Ek rovrov 6 'Ava^ifitos KaXecras 'Bevocpcovra KeXevei 
nrdcrrj reyvy ical f^r]X av V ^X^vo^ai eirl rb arpdrev/aa a>9 rd- 
yjberra, Kal avveyeiv re avrb Kal avva&poi^eiv rcov Bcearrap- 
yuevcov &>9 av irXeicrrov^ Bvvrjrat, Kal irapayayovra eh rrjv 
niptv&ov Bta/3cl3d^eLv eh rrjv ^Acrtav on rd^iara • Kal SlSco- 
criv avrco rptakovropov Kal eTrcaroXrjv Kal avBpa G-v/JLirefiiTet 
KeXevaovra roi)^ Uepiv&iov? a>9 rdyiura p<evo<ficovra irpo- 
rrep^ai roh Xititoi^ eirl rb arpdrev/aa. 9. Kal 6 fiev &evo- 
(frcov SiairXevcras dcptKvecrai e7rl rb crrpdrevfia • ol Be arpa- 
rmrai eBi^avro 'rjSeco? Kal ev&v<? eXirovro acrjjLevoi a)9 Siaftr)- 
aofievoi eK rrj? QpaKrjs eh rrjv 'Acrlav. 

10. c O Be ^evBrj? aKovaas rjKovra irdXtv TrifjL'xJra^ Trpbs 



LIB. VII. CAP. II. 181 

avrov [fcara QaXarrav] MrjBoadBrjv iSetro tt)V arpartav 
dyeiv 7rpb<z eavTov, virLcryyovybevos avra) 6 tl aiero Xeycov 
ireiaeLV. c S* airifcpivaro avrco otl ovBev olov re ecrj tov- 
tcov yeveaS-aL. 11. Kal 6 fiev ravra afcovaas or^ero. 01 S' 
"EXXyves iirel adyUovro eh Ueptv&ov, Necov puev airoairdaa^ 
iarparoTreBevaaro %«/w eyjsv co? ofcrafcocrlov^ dv&pdnrovs • 
to S' dXXo o-rpdrevfia nrav iv tg5 avrtp irapd ra rectos to 
Uepiv&ioov rjv. 

12. MeTa TavTa Bevocjicov fiev eirpaTTe irepl itXolcov, 
07rca? otl Ta^icrTa Sta/3ai6v. *Ev Be tovtg) d<pt/c6/Jbevo^ 'Apl- 
crTap^os 6 etc Bv^avTiOV dpfiocrTris, ^X cov ^° T p L VP et ^> 7re " 
TreLGpuevos vtto <H>apva/3d£ov Toh t€ vavKXrfpois direlire puy 
Scdyetv, iXQcov re iirl to CTpaTevpca Toh CTTpaTLcoTats elire 
pur) irepcuova&ai eh rrjv 'Acn'av, 13. 'O Be Aevocfrcov eXeyev 
otl ' ' Ava^lftios e/cekevcre, Kal ijxe Trpo? tovto eirepi^rev iv&dBe. 
UdXiv 8' " ApiGTapyos; eXeyev • * Ava^ifiios puev toivvv ov/ceTC 
vavap%os, iyeb Be TrjBe dppbocFTrj^ • el Be Tiva vficov XtftyopLaL 
iv ttj QaXaTTj) /caTaBvcrco. TavTa eliroov <pX €T0 €t<? T0 Te ^~ 
^09. 14. Tfj 8' vGTepala fieTairepbireTaL tovs GTpaTrjyovs 
Kal Xo^o/you9 tov o-TpaTevpcaTO?. if HBr] Be ovtcdv 7rpo9 r<p 
Tefyei, i^ayyeXXeL tls toj aevo^covTL ore el eiaeiGiy o~vXXt]- 
<j)S-7]aeTac Kal i) avTov tl TreiaeTai i) Kal <&apvaf3d%(p irapa- 
Bo3-rjo~eTaL. *0 Be, aKovaas TavTa Tot>9 fJ>ev TrpoirepareTai, 
auT09 8' elirev otl S-vaal tl /SovXolto. 15. Kal d7reX&oov 
eQveTO el irpoelev avTcp oi &eol ireLpda&aL irpbs $ev$7]v dyew 
to o-TpaTevfia ■ ecopa yap ovTe BiaftaiveLV dacpaXh bv TpLrj- 
pet9 expvTos tov kcdXvo-ovtos • ovr eVl Xeppovrjcrov eX&cop 
KaTaKXeLG§Y\vai e/3ovXeTO Kal to crTpaTevpua iv iroXXfj (Tird- 
veL 7rdvT(ov yevea&aL ■ ev&a 7rei$eo~3-aL \xev dvdyKrj tcd iKel 
dpfioaTy, t5)V Be i7TLT7]Beicov ouBev ejxeXXev e^eLV to <JTpd- 
Tev/xa. 

16. Kal 6 fiev afi<f>l TavTa el^ev oi Be CTpaTTjyol Kal 
Xoyayol rjKOVTes irapd tov ' ApLGTapypv dirrjyyeXXov otl vvv 
[lev aiTLevaL atpa? KeXeveL, t?}9 BeiXrjs Be TjKeLV ■ evQa Kal Bij- 
Xrj jidXXov iBoKeL 7) eTTL$ovXr\. 17. f ovv 'Bevo^cov, iirel 



182 EXPEDITIO CYEI. 

ehoKet ra lepa KaXa elvai ai)Tco Kal ra> arparev/JiaTL aacfxi- 
\co9 7rpo<? Xev&rjv ievai irapaXaficbv IIoXvKpdTrjv tov \4$?7- 
valov Xo^aybv Kal irapa tcov arparTjjcov i/cdcrTov dvhpa, 
irXrjv irapa Necovos, <p e/caaros iiricTevev $X €T0 T V$ vvkto? 
iirl to SevQov arpdrev/jia e^rjKovTa crrdBca. 18. *Eirel 8' 
iyyvs rjaav avTOv, iiriTvyydvei irvpoc? iprjfAois. Kal to fjuev 
irp&Tov o)€to fjL€Tafce')(copr]fcevai, irot tov ^evSrjv. 'Eirel he 
Qopvftov T€ fjaQeTO teal arj/LbaivovTcov dXXrjXots tcov 7repl 
Xev&rjv, KCLTefJLCL&ev otl tovtov evefca to, irvpd KeKav/ieva etrj 
too Xev&y irpb tcov WKTOcjyvXaKcov ottco? oi fjuev $vXaice<$ fir) 
opapvTO iv too crfcorei 6vt€<$ ixryve biroaoL fiiJTe oirov elev, oi 
he TTpoaiovre^ fir) XavBdvocev dXXa Sect to <£eo9 KCLTa$avel<$ 
elev 19. iirel he fjaBeTo, it poire fiireL tov epfirjvea bv eTvy- 
yavev e%cov, Kal elirelv tceXevet Xev&r) otl Bevocjicbv irdpeaTL 
j3ov\6/JLevo<; avyyevea&at avToo. 01 8* r/povTO el 6 'AQrjvalos 
6 dirb tov (TTpaTevfJLaTO$. 20. 'EireLhrj 8 ecfrr) o5to9 elvai, 
dvairrjhrjaavTes ihicoKOV Kal oXtyov vaTepov iraprjaav ireX- 
tclgtoli oaov hicucoG-ioi, /cat irapaXa/36vTe$ EevocfrcovTa Kal 
tov? avv avTco rjyov irpbs ^ev&rjv. 21. c O S' rjv iv TVpaeL 
fidXa cfrvXaTTOfLevos, Kal lititol irepl avTrjv kvkXco iyKe^aXi- 
vcofjiivoL ■ hca yap tov tyofiov tgls fiev rjfiepas iyiXov tov<$ 
Xirirovs, t<x? he vvKTas iyKe^aXtvcofievoL^ i<f>vXaTTeTO. 22. 
'EXeyeTO yap Kal irpoaBev Trjprjs 6 tovtov irpoyovo? iv Tav- 
ttj tt) xebpa, iroXv e^cov orTpaTevfia virb tgvtoov t&v dvhpcov 
7roXXov<; diroXeaaL Kal tcl aKevocj)6pa dcfracpe&fjvac. *Haav 
h? ovtol ©wot, irdvTcov XeyofievoL elvat udXccrTa vvktos tto- 

Xe/JLLKGOTaTOi. 

23. *Eirel S' 6772)9 rjaav, iKeXevcrev elcreX&elv BevocfrcovTa 
eyovTa hvo ou? /3ovXolto. 'ETrethr) he evhov rjaav, rjcnrd^ovTo 
fiev irpwTOV dXXrjXov? Kal KaTa tov ©paKiov vofAov Kepara 
ocvov irpovTTtvov • irapr)v he Kal Mrjhoo-dhr}? ra> HevSjj oo~7rep 
iirpeafievev avTco irdvToae. 24. "EireiTa he ttevocfrwv rjp^eTO 
Xeyeiv • "ETre/jLyJras 7rpo9 ifte, w %ev&r), eh XaXKrjhova Trpco- 
tov Mrjhoadhrjv tovtovl, heo/JLevos fiov crv/JLTrpoQvfjLrj&rjvai, 
htafSrjvai, to aTpaTevjia iK t?79 '-4cr/a9, Kal viriayyov^evb^ 



LIB. VII. CAP. II. 183 

; fjLOL, el ravra irpd^aLfJLL, ev TTOLijcreLV, 009 ecprj M.7]BocrdBr]^ ov- 
toctL 25. Tavra elircbv eirijpeTO tov M^BoadBrjv el dXr]^?] 
ravr el'rj. r §' ecpTj. AvSls r/XQe MrjBocrdBr]? outo9 iirel 
iycb Bte/3rjv irakiv iirl to crrpdrevfjia itc Uaptov, viricryyovixe- 
vo$ y el dyoLfic to crTpaTevfia 7rpo? ere, TaXXa T€ ere <$>iX(p xpr r 
crecr$cu Kal dBeXcjxp Kal tcl irapa QaXaTTrj [iol yu>pia &v crv 
KpaTeh ecrecr&aL irapd crov. 26. \EttI tovtol? ttoXlv eirrfpeTO 
tov MrjBocrdBrjv el eXeye TavTa. e Be crvvefyrj Kal TavTa. 
i! IBc vvv, e(f>7), d(j)7]<yr)crat tovtco tL ctol direKpivdpirp ev XaX- 
ktjBovl irp&TOV. 27. * Airetcpivv) otl to crTpaTevjua 8ul/3t]gocto 
eh Bv^dvTLov, teal oiBev tovtov evetca BeoL TeXelv ovTe crol 
Gvre aXX(p ■ avTos Be eVel Scaj3ac7]^ } dirievai ecjzTjcrSa • Kal 
eyeveTO ovtcqs aycrirep crv eXeye?. zb. 1l yap eXeyov, ecprj, 
OTe fcaTa, ^TjXvj3piav dtpcKov ; Ovtc ecj)7]crQa olov t elvac, 
dXX* eh TlepcvS-ov eXSovTas Biaftaiveiv eh ttjv 'Act lav. 29. 
Nvv toivvv, efyrj 6 tievoefceov, nrdpetfjit teal eyco /cal ovtos <&pv- 
victkos eh twv crTpaTTjycov Kal HoXvKpaTrjs ouro9 eh tcov 
Xo^aycov ■ Kal e^co elalv diro tcov o~TpaT7]ycov 6 irtcrTOTaTO^ 
eKacTTcp 7rX7]p Necovos tov AaKcovLKOv. 80. El ovv j3ovXet 
TTiGTOTepav elvac ttjv TTpd^LV, Kal eKeivovs KaXeaai. Td he 
oirXa crv iXQcov elire & UoXvKpaTes, otl eyco KeXevco KaTaXt- 
irelv • Kal avTo? eKel KaTaXiircov ttjv \xdyaipav eccrcQt. 

31. 'AKOvcras TavTa 6 2ev&7]<$ elirev otl ovBevl av din- 
cmfjcretev 'AQrjvalcov ■ Kal yap otl crvyyeveh elev elSevac Kal 
(frtXovs evvovs ecjyrj vo[iL^eiv. Mera TO,vTa S' eVel eltrijkSov 
ou? eSe^, TrpcoTov 'Bevocpcov iirijpeTO Xev&rjv o tl BeoLTO XPV" 
cr&ai TTf crTpaTca. 32. c O S' elirev &Be* MaicrdBrjs rjv ira- 
ttjp fioc ' eKelvov S' r\v dp^v MeXavBtTac Kal ©vvol Kal 
Tpavtyat. 'Ek TavTrjs ovv T?y? %d)pa$, iirel Ta 'OBpvcrcov 
TrpdyfjuaTa evocrrjerev, eKirecrcov 6 iraTrjp avTos jmev diro§vr\- 
cKei vocrcp * e^co S' i£eTpd(f)7]V opefravbs irapd M.rjBoK(p tc3 vvv 
ftacnXel. 33. 'Ewel Be veavlcrKOS eyevo/Arjv, ovk eBvvdfirjv 
tyv eh dXXoTplav Tpdire^av diro^Xeircov ■ Kal eKaS-e^o/jLrjv 
ivBicfipios avTco LKeTrjs Bovvai /jlol ottoctovs BvvaTos eirj av- 
Bpasy 07ra>9 Kal tou9 eKfiaXovTa? rj/JLas el' tl Bvvac/jLrjv KaKov 



184 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

ttolol7]V Kal %<*>r)V fjbrj eh tvjv etceivov rpdire^av dirofiXeTrwv 
warrep kvcov. 34. *Ek rovrov fioc SlScoai rovs avSpas Kal 
tovs Xttttovs ou? v/xeh otyea^e eireiSdv rjfjuepa yevrjrai, Kal 
vvv iyco £cb rovrovs eycov, Xrji^o/jLevos rrjv euavrov rrarpioav 
yodpav. El Se /jlol v/xeh 7rapayevota^e, olfiat av avv roh 
Seot? pqhicos diroXafielv rrjv dpxfjv. Tavr earlv a iycb vficov 

SeO(JLai. 

35. Tl av ovv, ecprj 6 Uevo(f)a)v, av Svvcuo, el eX^oi/jLev, rfj 
re arparia StSovao Kal roh Xoyayoh Kal roh arparr]yoh ; 
Ae^ov, iva ovtol aTrayyeXXcoatv. 36. f O Se vrreayero tg3 fiev | 
arparccorr] kv^lkjjvov, rS Se Xoyaytp StpLoipiav, tg3 Se arparr)- 
ya> rerpa/ioiplav, Kal yr\v oirbar\v av (3ovXa)vrac Kal ^evyrj Kal 
%copiov iiri ^aXarrrj rereiyiay^evov. 37. 'Eav S\ efyrj 6 Eez^o- 
(pebv, ravra ireipcofjievoi \xr\ Stair pd^wpuev, dXXd tl<z cj)6/3os dirb 
AaKeSac/JLovicov 77, Se^rj efe rr]v aeavrov av Tt? drnevai /SovXt]- 
rai irapa ae ; 38. r O 8* elire ■ Kal aSeXcfrov? ye Trocijaofiao 
Kal iv8ccj)piov$ Kal kolvcovovs drrdvrcov &v av Swooped a ktcl- 
a^at. Sol S\ & iSevcxficov, Kal Qvyarepa Scoaco Kal el T6? 
aoi eari ^vydrrjp) oovrjaofxat ©paKtcp vo/md • Kal Btadv^7]V 
oiKTjo-Lv Scoaco oirep e/xol KaXXiarov ycoplov earl rcov eirl 
^aXdrrrj. 



CAP. III. 

1. *AKovaavre$ ravra Kal 6Vf/,a? Sovre? Kal Xaftovre? dirYj- 
Xavvov • Kau 7rpb rjfjLepas eyevovro e7rl rep arparoireSco Kal 
airrjyyetXav eKaarov rots rre/xyjraatv. 2. "Eirel he rjfjiepa eye- 
vero, 6 fjbkv "Aplarapyos nrdXtv eKaXeu roi>? arparrjyov? Kal 
Xoyayov^* rots o° eSo^e rrjv fxev 7rpo? 'Aplcrrap'^ov 6S6v iaaai, 
rb Se arpdrev/xa avyKaXeaai. Kal arvvrjX^ov irdvres ttXtjv oi 
Necovos* ovrot Se drrelyov &>? SeKa ardSia. 3. *Eirel Se avv- 
rjX^ov, dvaards Uevocfrobv elire rdSe * "AvSpes, StairXelv puev 
ev^sa fiovXbfie^a Aplarapyo^ rptrjpet^ eycov KcoXvef war eh 
irXola qvk dafyaXes e/ji/Baivecv • oi/ro? Se 6 avrb<; KeXevei eh 



LIB. VII. CAP. III. 185 

Xeppovijcrov fila Bed rov iepov opovs rropevecr&aL ' r\v Be Kpa- 
Trjaavres rovrov eKelcre ekScofiev, ovre ircoXiqaeiv ere v/ias 
(jyriaiv, coairep ev Bv^avrlco, ovre e^airarrjaeG^aL ere vfias, 
dXkd Xifyea&at, pacr&ov, ovre 7repi6 / y\reo-&ac en coarrep vvvl 
Seo/jtevovs rebv einrrjBeloyv. 4. Ovros fiev ravra \iyet • Xev- 
$77? he (J)7](tlv, av 7rpo? eicelvov irjre, ev rroirjaetv vfxa^. Nvv 
ovv cnce^ao-Qe rrorepov evQdSe fievovres rovro fiovXevcrea&e 
7) eh rd eirirrjSeia eiraveX&Qvres. 5. 'E/iol /uev ovv BoKec, 
€7rel evS-dBe ovre dpyvpiov e^ojiev ware dyopd^ecv ovre dvev 
dpyvpiov ecocrt Xa/x^dvecv rd eiriTrjheia, eTraveXSovra? el<? ra? 
K(i)fJLa<; 6&ev oi tjttovs ecoau Xapftdveiv, etcel eyovras rd em- 
T7]$et,a dfcovQvras 6 ri T69 vjjlcov Belrac acpela^at re av vfilv 
Bokjj KpdrtdTov elvai. 6. Kal orco, ecf)7], ravra Soicei, dpdrco 
rrjv %e?p<x. ' Avereivav diravres. ' Airibvres roivvv, ecprj, 
avcrKevd^ea^e, Kal eiretBdv rrapa^/yeiXr) res, e7reo~$e rep r)yov- 
fiivcp. 

7. Merd ravra gevocptov fiev yyelro, oi S' eXuovro. Ne- 
cov Be Kal irapd ^Apcardp^ov dXXot eireL^ov duorpeirea^ai • 
oi Be ofy inhjKOVOV. 'Eirel Be ocrov rpiaKovra craBiovs 
TrpoeXTjXvQecrav, diravra SevS-rjs. Kal 6 aevocfccov IBcov av- 
rov rrpoaeXdaat eKeXevaev, otto)? ore TrXeiarcov aKOvovrcov 
eXirot avrco a eBoKei avpLcpepeiv. 8. *Eirel Be irpoGrfX&ev, 
elire aevocp&v • *HfJLel<z rropevofieQa ottov fieXXec e^eiv rb 
arpdrevjia rpocprjv ■ eKel Be aKovovres Kal gov koi tcov rov 
AaKcoviKov atp7]o-6fjLe3-a a av Kpdrtcrra Sokj) elvat. *Hv ovv 
rj/ALV fiyrjcrrj ottov ifKelcrrd ecrnv eiriTrjBeta, virb gov vojjllov- 
fiev e%evio~&ai. 9. Kal 6 SevQrjs ecprj, 'AXXa olSa KGo/ia? 
7roX\a? dSpoas Kal irdvra e\ovaa^ rd eiriTrjSeia dire^ovaa^ 
rj/Jicov oaov Bce\S6vre^ av rjBecos dptarccrjre. 'Hyov roivvv, 
e'07? 6 zevoepcov. 10. 'Eirel Be dcptKovro eh avrds ttjs Bet- 
A,?79, Gvvrjk&ov oi arpaTLcorat, Kal elire £ev&7]s rotdSe' 'Eyco, 
cl) dvBpe^, SeopLai v/ncov o-Tpareveo~&ai avv ejxol* Kal vm- 
o-^vovfiac vplv Bcoaetv tois o~t pandoracs kv^lktjvov, \o-%ayots 
Be Kal arpaTTjyols rd vopa^opbeva • e%co Be rovrcov rov a^tov 
rifirjGco, Slra Be Kal rrord coenrep Kal vvv eK t?}9 %copa<^ 



186 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

\aflf3dvOVT€$ €%€T€. ' OtTOGCL Be CtV dXiG 'K7]7 CLl d^LCOGCO CLV- 

T09 e^etv, iva ravra BiartQefievos vpXv rbv /jlig&ov iropi^co. 
11. Kal rd piev (ftevyovra Kal diroBiBpaGKOvra rj/JLets iicavol 
€a6fjL€&a BtcoKetv Kal puaGreveiv ■ av Be r^? dv&LGrrjrai, gvv 
vfuv ireLpaao/jLeSa %eipovG$aL. 12. ^Eirrjpero Bevocpcov 
TIogov Be dirb SaXdrrr)*; d^uoGeis GVve7reG&aL croi rb arpa- 
rev/ia; c O S* direKplvaro* OvBa/JLr) rrXelov eirrd rjfjLepoov, 
fielov Be nroXXa^r). 

13. Mera ravra iBlBoro Xeyetv to) fiovXo/jLeva). Kal 
eXeyov ttoWol /car a ravra on uavrbs a%ia Xeyot SevSrjs • 
^eifxtbv yap e'er], Kal ovre oUaBe diroirXelv rS rovro jSovXo- 
fiev(o Bvvarbv ecrj, BtayeveG&at re ev (fxXta ov% olov r ecrj, el 
Beoc covovp,evov<$ tfiv ev Be rjj rroXepiia Biarpifieiv teal rpe- 
(ftea&ai, dacj^aXecrrepov [iera Hev&ov rj fiovovs ovrcov dyaQ&v 
togovtodv • el Be /jLIgQov TrpoaXrj-^roLvro, evprj/JLa iBotceie elvai. 
14. *EttI rovrois elire iSevocfrwv ■ El tis dvriXeyev, Xeyerco • 
el Be fir] e7rc^Jr7]<pi^eTco ravra. ^Eirel Be ovBels dvreXeyev, 
iire^r^LGe, Kal eBo^e ravra. Ev&vs Be Xev&r) elire ravra, 
ore crvGrparevGOivro avrtp. 

15. Mera rovro oi fiev dXXoc Kara rd%et$ eGKr)vr\Gav 
crparrjyovs Be Kal Xo%ayov$ eirl Belirvov SevQrjs eKaXeae, 
ttXtjglov kco/jltjv e^cov. 16. 'Eirel S' eirl Qvpais rjaav o>9 eVl 
Belirvov Traptovres, r)v res c HpaKXelBrj<; Mapcoveirrjs • ovros 
irpoGiibv evl eKaarcp ovarivas wero e^eiv rb Bovvai ^evSy, 
irpwrov /xev irpb<z TLapiavovs rivas, oi iraprJGav <j)iXlav Bia- 
irpa^opbevot irpb? MtjBokov rbv 'OBpvG&v fiaaiXea Kal Bcopa 
dyovre? avrcp re Kal ry yvvatKi, eXeyev on Mr)BoKQ<z fiev 
dvco eh] BcoBeKa rjjubepcov dirb ^aXdrrr)<z 6B6v • £ev^r]$ Be 
eireiBr] rb crrpdrev/jia rovro elXrjtyev, dpyjnv eaoiro eirl Sa- 
Xdrrrj • 17. yecrcov ovv cov iKavooraros earai vfia^ Kal ev 
Kal KaK&s rroielv. *H.v ovv aco(j)pov7]re, rovr(p Bcoaere Tt 
dyere ■ Kal dfietvov vplv BiaKelaerac rj edv MtjBokg) ra> rrpo- 
cr(o otKovvri Boore. Tovrov? puev ovrcos eTrefeev. 18. Av^is 
Be Tc/jlog-lcovc reS AapBavel nrpoaeX^dyv, eirel rjKovaev avrai 
eivai %al eKirdifiara Kal rdinBa^ ftapfiaptKas, eXeyev ore 



LIB. YII. CAP. III. 187 

vofii^oLTo oirore eirl heliTvov KaXecraiTo ^ev^rj? hcopelcr^ai 
avrco tol>9 fcXrj^ivTas • o£to9 S* r)v fitiyas ev^rdhe yevrjTat, 
l/cavos ecrrai ere Kal ocKahe /carayayelv teal ev&dhe ttXovgcov 
Trocrjcrai. Tocavra irpovywaTO kfcdarcp Trpocncov, 19. Ilpocr- 
eX^cov he Kal UevocpcovTt eXeye* 2v teal TroXecos /JLeyLcrTrjs el, 
teal irapa Xev^rj to crbv ovo/ia fxeyicrTov ecrrc • teal ev Tjjhe 
rfj xcopa Igcos d^icocrei^ Kal rev^r) XafJb/3dveiv y cocrirep teal aX- 
Xol tcov v/ierepcov eXafiov, teal %copav ' d^tov ovv eroi teal jxe- 
yaXoirpeireG-Tara rt/jbrjaac Xev^rjv. 20. Evvovs he croc cov 
irapaivco ■ ev olha yap ore bcrco av fiel^co tovtco hcopr]crr] y 
toctovtco /JLei^co vtto tovtov dya^d irelcrrj. 'Akovcov ravra 
Bevocpcov r)irbpei ■ oh yap 8iaj3e/3i]fC€i e^cov ete TLapiov el firj 
Tralha teal ocrov icfoohtov. 

21. 'Eirel he elcrrjX^ov eirl to helirvov tcov re 6patecov oi 
tepaTicTTOi tcov TrapbvTcov teal oi GTpaTrjyol teal oi Xo%ayol 
tcov 'EXXrjvcov teal el T6? Trpecrfieia irap^v dirb irbXecos, to 
heiTrvov {lev rjv KO^rj/jLevois kxjkXco • eireiTa he TpiTrohes elerr)- 
ve^rjerav iracriv • ovtol §' r)crav tepecov fiecrTol vevefirj/jievcov, 
teal apTOt QjfUTai fieyaXoc TTpoGTreirepovi^^evoi rjcrav irpbs 
tgls tepeacri. 22. MdXccrTa he ai Tpdire^ac teaTa tou9 %evov$ 
del iTtSevTO • vo/jlo? yap rjv. Kal irpcoTO? tovto eiroleL Xei- 
^779 ■ dveXofievo? roi>9 eavTco irapaKeifievovs aprou9 hieteXa 
teaTa /Mtepbv teal Sceppt7TTet oh avTco iSoteec teal ra tepia 
chcravTcos, ocrov fiovov yevcracrQai, eavTco teaTaXtTrcov. 23. 
Kal oi aXXoo he teaTa TavTa eirolovv teaJP 01)9 ai Tpdire^ai 
eteeivTo, 'Apteds he T£9 'ApvcrTas ovofia, cpayecv hecvos, to 
fiev htappbiTTelv ela yaipeiv, Xa/3cov he eh ttjv %e£pa ocrov 
Tpivpiviteov dpTov Kal tepea QejAevos eirl Ta ybvaTa eheiirvei. 
21. KepaTa S' ol'vov ireptecfrepov, Kal irdvTes ihe^ovTo. c O S' 
'ApvcrTas, eirel Trap* avTov cpepcov to Kepa<; olvo^oo^ rJKev, 
elirev ihcov tov aevocpcovTa ovKeTt, hetirvovvTa • ^EKeivcp, ecj)7), 
869* o"%oXd£eL yap ijhr}, eyco S' ovheirco. 25. 'AKOvcras Xev- 
Srj$ ttjv cf)covr)v r)pcoTa tov olvo^oov TiXeyoi. f O he olvoypos 
elirev eXXrjvi^ecv yap rjTTLcrTaTQ. 'EvTavQa /xev hrj yeXcos 
eyeveTo. 



188 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

26. \E7rel Be irpov^pei 6 kotos, elcrrjk&ev dvrjp @pa% 
Xttttov eywp XevKOP • Kal Xafioov tcipa? fiearov, elire • Upoiri- 
pco gol, co Xev&7), Kal top lttttov tovtop SeopovfJicu, ec/>' ov Kal 
Bccokcop op av Qekr)*;, alpr)Gei<$ 3 Kal airo^copcbv ov fjur) Betay? 
top TroXefALOV. 27. "-4 Wo? iralBa etGayayoop ovtcd? eBcDpr}- 
craro irpoirivcov, Kal aXkos l/idria rfj yvpaiKi. Kal Ti[ia- 
glcop 7rpG7TLPcop eBayprjGaTO <j>loX7]p re dpyvpap Kal TaircBa 
a£tap Bitca jjlpwp. 28. TprjGLTnro? Be T£? *A§r}paZo<; dpacrra^ 
elirep ort dp^alo? e'crj pojjlo? koXKigtos tovs pep e^opTa? BlBo- 
pcll tc3 ftaaikel TifJirj^ epefca, tol$ Be /jltj eyovcri BiBdpai top 
fiaaiXea,' ipa Kal iyco, ecprj, e%co col BcopelcrS-cu Kal Tifiap. 

29. c O Be jttepocfccop rjiropelTO, 6 tl ttoltjgol 9 Kal yap eTvy- 
%apep co? Ti/JLcofjuepos, ep tS irX^GiaiTaTcp Bi(j)p(p Xev&rj ko^tj- 
Hepos. c O Be ^HpafcXelBr]? etcekevep clvtS* to icepas ope^ai \ 
top olpo^oop. c O Be ttepocfrobp, tjBt] yap viroTreircoKcb? eTvy- \ 
%apep, dpeaTTj QappaXecos Be^dpuepo? to fcepa? /cal elirep • 

30. 'jEyco Be gol, co 'Xev&rj, BlBco/jll efiavTOP Kal tov$ ifiovs 
tovtov? eTaipov? fyiXovs ehat ttigtovs, Kal ovBepa aKOPTa, 
dXXa TcdpTa? fiaXkop ert ifiov gov /3ovXofJLepov<z cfrlXovs elpat. 

31. Kal pvp irdpeicrip ovBep ae TrpocraiTovPTes, dXXa Kal 
TTpoleiievoi Kal nropelp virep gov Kal irpoKipBvpeveip eQe- \ 
XoPTes* /xe5-' S)P, ap ol S-eol QeXcoGt, ttoXXtjp %a)pap ttjp /iep : 
diroXTj^rr) iraTpcpap ovGap, ttjp Be kttjgtj, 7roXXov<? Be linrovs, 
iroXXov? Be apBpas Kal yvpatxa? koXcls KTrjGj], ov<z ov \r)t£e- j 
G&ai BerjGet, dXh! avTol </>epoz/re? irapeGOPTai irpbs Ge Bwpa, 

32. 'ApaGTa? 6 ^evQrj? Gvpe^eirie Kal GvyKaTeG/ceBaGaTO • 
[leTa tovto to Kepa$. MeTa, TavTa elaffkS-ov KepaGi re oXoi? 
GrjfJLaipovGip av\ovPTe$ Kal GcCKnriyfyp ayfio^otpai? pvQfiov? 
re Kal olop fiaydBc GaXiTL^oPTes. 33. Kal avTos Xev&7)<$ 
dpaGTas dpeKpaye Te Tro\e[iLKOp Kal e%r)XaTO &Girep /3eAo? 
(pvXaTTojjLepo? fid\a i\a(j)p(bs. EtGr/eGap Be Kal yeXcoTO- 
ttoloL 

34. e /2? S* rjp rjXios eirl BvGfials, dveGTr\Gap ol "EWypes 
Kal elirop OTi copa pvKTO(f>v\aKa<; KaQiGTapat Kal Gvp^fxa 
irapaBtBopai. Kal %ev&r)P eKekevop TrapayyeTKav ottod? eh 



LIB. VII. CAP. III. 189 

ra 'EXXtjvckci crTpaToireSa pirjSels tcov QpqKcov eicretat vv- 
kt6$' ol re yap iroXepaoi &pa/ce$ v/jllv Kal r)puv ol cplXot. 35. 
yJ2$ .8' e^rjecrav, crvvavecrTrj 6 ^evSrjs ovSev tl fieQvcvTi eot- 
tccbs, 'E^eXScov 8' elirev ai)TOV$ tovs arparrjyov^ airoKaXe- 
icra?* ^12 dvSpes, ol TroXepLiot r)\xcov ovk I'cracri irco rrjv rjfjLere- 
pav crviiyiayiCLV • rjv ovv eXS-co/xev eir avrovs rrplv cpvXd^a- 
crScu ware pur) XrjcpBrjvac rj ir a pacrKevdcr atrial cocrre d/xvva- 
c$at, fxaXiara av Xdftotpiev Kal dv&pcoirovs zeal ^prjpLara. 
36. Xvveirijvovv ravra ol crrpar^yol Kal rjyetcrS-aL eKeXevov. 
'OS' elire • IlapacrKevacrdpLevoL dvapbevere ■ iyco 8' ottqtclv 
Kdipos f) 7]^co 7rpo? vpLcis* Kal tovs 7reXTacrTct<; teal v/acls dva- 
Xaftcov Viyrjaojiai crvv to?? ^eo£?. 37. Kal 6 'Bevocpcov elire • 
Xtce-tyai tolvvv, elirep vvkto? Tropevcropie^a, el 6 'EXXjjvlko? 
vojio? koXXlov eyei • pue^s' r)pbepav pbev yap iv rats iropelais 
rjyelrai rod crrparev/jbaTO^ oiroiov av del 7rpo? rrjv yi>pav 
crvpLcpeprj, edv re oitXitlkov edv re TreXrao-TC/cbv edv re Itttti- 
kov vvKTCOp Se vopLO? to2<z e/ EXXrjacv r)yelcr^ai ecrrc to j3pa- 
Svrarov' 38. ovtco yap {jfctcrra SiaGiraTai tcl crrpaTeupara 
Kal rfKLCTTa Xav^dvovcriv aTroSiSpdcrKOVTes dXXi]Xov$ ■ ol Be 
Scacnracr^evTes TroXXdias teal irepiiriirTovaiv dXX?]Xoi<; Kal 
dyvoovvres KaKcos nroiovcri Kal Trdcryovcriv. 39. Elirev ovv 
Xeiferjs ■ 'Op'^co? re Xeyere Kal iyco tco vopico tco vfierepw 
nreio-ofiai. Kal vpZv puev r)yepLGva$ Scocrco tcov rrpecrfivTaTcov 
tou9 efiireLpOTdrovs tt/9 %copa<;, avrbs 8' e$ey\ropiaL reXevraios 
tou? lttttov? eywv ■ Ta^v yap irpcoTO<; av Serj irapeaofxai, 
Xvv^rjfjia S' elirov 'AQHNAIAN Kara rrjv crvyyeveiav. 
Tavr elirovres dsveiravovTO. 

40. r HvtKa 8' rjv dpicpl fiecras vvKras, iraprjv ^ev^rjs eywv 
tou? linreas Te^scopaKtapbevov^ Kal tou9 TreXraara^ crvv tol<z 
ottXols. Kal eirel irapehcoKe tou9 fiye/iova?, ol fiev oirXlrai 
r)yovvro } ol Se ireXracTral eXirovro, ol Se bnreZ? corner^ ocfivXd- 
kovv. 41. 'Eirel Se r)pbepa rjv, 6 Sev^rjs TraprjXavvev ek to 
7rpoa^ev Kal eirrjvecre tov 'EXXtjvlkov vopiov ■ TroXXaKts yap 
ecprj vvKTcop auro9 Kal crvv oXtyois Tropevopbevo? aTrocnracr^r)- 
vai crvv toI$ 'iirirois dirb tcov ireCfav ■ vvv Se cooirep Sel 



190 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

cfopooi, iravres afia rfj rjp^epa (patpope^a. 'AXX' vpueh ptev 
rrepipbevere avrov Kal dparravea^e • iyco he aKeyjrdpepos ri 
7]£co. 42. Tavr elircop rjXavpe hi 6pov$ ohop npa Xa/3top. 
'Ettgl 8' a<filfC€TO eh yiova ttoXXtjp, iaKe\fraro el eir) lyyr) av- 
^spcoircop rj irpoaco rjyovpbepa rj ivavria. \E7rel he drpt^rj 
ecopa rrjp 686v, rjfce rayy rrdXiP Kal k'Xeyep* 43. "Avhpes, 
KaXcos earaij rjv Sreo? ^seXrj ■ rov$ yap av^ pcoirovs Xrjaopep 
eirnreaovTes. 'AXX' iyco puep rjyijaopLai roh Xinroi^ oitcos dp 
Ttva ihcofievj firj hiacpvycop aypajpy roh rroXepuoi? * vpeh 8' 
errea^e • /cap Xei^rjre, rco ari/3(p rcop lirrrcop eVecr^re ' V7rep m - 
(3dvre<$ he ra oprj rfeojxev eh Kcopcas iroXXd? re teal evhal- 
piovas. 

44. 'Hvltca he rjv piiaop rjpiepas, rjhr) re r)V irrl roh aicpois 
Kal Kanhcop rds Kcbp,a<? rj/cev eXavpcop rrpbg rovs oifXiras Kal 
eXeyev • 'Acfrrjaco 77877 Kara^ecp tov$ puep Irnreas eh rb rrehiop y 
tou? he TreXraaras iirl ra? /ccojuas. 'AXX* eirea^e a>? av \ 
hvprja^e ra^ara, ottcds edv ns vcfriarfjrai, dXe^rja^e. 45. 
*Afcovcra<; ravra 6 "Eepocfrcop Kareftr) dwb rov 'lttttov. Kal o? 
rjpero ' Tl Karaj3alvet<; iirel enrevhetv hel ; Olha, e<p7] t on ovk 
ipov pLovov her) • ol K OTrXlrai ^arrov hpapbovprai Kal tfhtov, 
edv Kal iyco iretps rjycopcai. 

46. Merd ravra coyer o KCil Ttfiaaicop fier avrov eyjsv 
Imreas a>? rerrapaKOvra tcop *EX\tjpcop. Uepocpcop he iraprjy- 
yvrjcre rovs eh rpiaKOpra errj rrapievai drrb tcop Xoycop ev^ob- 
vov$. Kal avrb? piep erpbyaCp rovrovs e^cop • KXedpcop he 
rjyeiro tcop aXXcop r EXXr}Pcop. 47. 'Errel S' ep rah Kcopbab? 
rjtrap, Sev^r)? e^cop oaop rptaKOPra Irnreas TrpocreXdaas elire • 
Tdhe S77, co ttepoepcop, a av eXeye? • eypprai ol ap^pcoiroi • a\- 
Xd yap epTjfjioc oi lirrreh oXyoprai pioc aXXos aXXj) hicoKcop Kal 
hihoifca p^rj crvardpre^ dStpooL rrov KaKOP tl epydtrcoprai ol 
rroXepLtoi. A el he Kal ep rah Kcopuat^ Karapuepeip tip as rjpicop ■ 
pbecrral yap elaip dp^pcoircop. 48. 'AXX! iyco piip, ecj>r} 6 Bevo- 
cpcop, avp oh e%co ra aKpa KaraXtfyfropai* av he KXedpopa 
KeXeve hid rov rrehlov rraparelpai ttjp cpdXayya irapa rd$ kco- 
pias, ^Errel he ravra eirov^aav^ avprfxla^rjaav dphpdiroha 



LIB. VII. CAP. IV. 191 

jaev a>? X^ La > Z^ 6 ? ^ Sca^LXioLy Kal aXXa 7rpo/3ara fivpca. 
Tore fiev hrj avrov rjvXca^ijaav. 



CAP. IV. 

1. Tfj 8' varepala Karcucavcras 6 Sev^rjs tcls Kcofias irav- 
TeXco? Kal oiKiav ovhepiiav Xlttogv, ottoo? cf)6/3ov iv^elr] teal Toh 
aXXocs oca ireiaovTai, av fir) irefecovrai, airrjeu itoXlv. 2. 
Kal ttjv fiev Xeiav direirefi^e hioscfeecfeai 'HpaKXechrjv eh 

TleplV^OVj 07TCt)? flLG^OS J6V7]Tat TOLS CTpaTtGQTaLS ■ avTos he 

Kal ol "EXXrjves eaTpaToirehevovTO dva to Qvvojv irehiov. 01 
§' i/cXiTrovres ecfrevyov eh tcl oprj. 

3. Hv he yioov 7roXXr) Kal ^O^o? ovtcds coare to vhcop b 
i^epovTO efrl helirvov eirrjyvvTO Kal 6 olvos 6 iv Toh dyyetoLS, 
Kal tojv 'EXXrjvoov ttoXXojv Kal pives direKatovTO Kal S)Ta. 4. 
Kal tots hrfXov eyeveTO ov eveKa ol &paKe<? tcl? dXcoireKihas 
eirl Ta?9 K€(fiaXals (fropovcrt Kal Toh cocr/, Kal yiT&vas ov fiovov 

7T€pl TOfc? CTTepVOLS dXXd KOL 7T€pl Toh flTJpoh * Kal %€Cpa$ fl€- 

%pt toov irohcov eirl toov 'lttitwv evovaLV, dXX' ov %XajjLv8a<;. o. 
'A<fiteh $e tojv al^fiaXojTcov 6 Sev^rjs eh tcl oprj eXeyev otl el 
fir) KaTafirjGovTaL OLKrjcrovTes Kal iretaovTat, ore KaTaKavaei 
Kal tovtcov Tas Koofias Kal tov gltov, Kal diroXovvTat too 
Xifiop. 'Ek tovtov KaTej3aivov Kal yvvatKes Kal 7ra£Se? Kal ol 
7r peer /3vTe pot • ol he vecoTepoi, iv Tals virb to opos Kcofiai? 
r\vXiCpvTO. 6. Kal 6 ^ev^irjs KaTafia^oov eKeXevae tov Uevo- 
<f)Q)pTa toov ottXitqqv tov$ vecoTCLTovs Xa/36vTa avveTriGTrea^ai. 
Kal dvaaTavTes tt}? vvkto? afia tj} rjfiepa iraprjaav eh ra? 
Kcofias • Kal ol fiev TrXelaTot i^e&vyov ■ TrXrjaiov yap rjv to 
opo<; • oaovs Se eXafie KaTTjKOVTcaev a^etScS? 2ev^rr]<;. 

7. ^EiriG^evrj^ he rjv Ti? 'OXvv^los 7raLhepao~Tij$, o? Ihcov 
Tralha KaXbv rj0daKOVTa apTt 7reXTrjv eypvTa fieXXovTa diro- 
^VTjGKetv, 7rpoahpafJicbv 'SevocpoovTa iKeTevcre ^orf^rjaai Traihl 
KaXa>. 8. Kal bg 7rpoaeX^oov too ^ev^srj hetTat purj diroKTeZ- 
vac tov iralha • Kal tov 'EiTLG^evovs hiqyelTai tov Tpoirov* 



192 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

KCU OTL X6j(OV 7TOT6 GVVeXe^CLTO GKOTTiOV OVOeV aXXo i) el TLV6S 

elev KaXoi' Kal fiera tovtcov rjv dvr\p ayefeos. 9. *0 Be 2ev- 
^779 rjpero, 9 iJ /ecu ^eXois av> & 'Eirla^eves, virep tovtov 
dird^avelv ; *0 S* elirev avareivas tov TpdyrjXov, Tlace, efyrj, 
el KeXevec 6 irals teal pueXXei, ydpiv e ^£vat. 10. ^EirrjpeTO 6 
Sev^rjs tov iralBa el iralcreiev avTov avrl eiceivov. Ovk eta 6 
irals. dXX' l/cereve pL7]Serepov KaraKaiveiv. ^Evraxfea S' 6 
'Eiriar^evrjs TrepcXajScov tov iralBa elirev* r/ f2pa cot, & Sev^r], 
irepl TovBe fioi Biapidyea^aL • ov yap pLe^rjaco tov TraZBa. 11. 
e O Be Sev^r)? yeXcov ravra piev eia • eBo^e 8' avTco avrov av- 
Xio^tjvcll, lvcl prj etc tovtcov tcov Kcopcbv oi iirl tov opov$ Tpe- 
(poiVTO. Kal clvtos pev iv tco ireBlco VTrofcaTaftds eataqvov • o 
Be 'Sevocpcov eyoav tovs emXeicTovs iv ttj vtto to op 09 dvcoTaTco 
Kcopbrj • Kal oi aXXoi r/ EXX7]ve$ iv toZs opelocs KaXovpuevots 
Qpa^l ttXtjctIov KaTeaKrjvrjcrav. 

12. \Ek; tovtov rjpepai ov TToXXal BieTpl/3ovTo f Kal 01 etc 
tov opovs ©pa/ces KaTafiaivovT<=<$ 777309 tov Sev^rjv irepl airov- 
Bcl)v Kal oprjpcov BieirpaTTovTo. Kal 6 ttevocpcbv eX^cbv eXeye 
tco ^ev^rj otl iv TrovTjpols tottols crKrjvcoev Kal TrXijcriov elev oi 
TToXepLLOL • tjBlov t av e^co avXl^ea^ac kefir) iv i%vpoZs yco plots 
piaXXov 7) iv toZs GTeyvols, coaTe diroXea^at. 13. f O he ^ap- 
pelv i/ceXeve Kal eBet^ev opbrjpovs TrapovTas avTcp. ^EBeovTO Be 
Kal tov "EevocficovTcs KaTaf3alvovT£$ Tives tcov itt tov opov<$ 
avpLTTpd^al acpicrt ra? crTrovhas. *0 S' copuoXoyei Kal ^appecv 
eKeXeve Kal rjyyvaTo pLrjhev avTovs KaKov irelaeo^sai ireC^opbe- 
vovs Sev^y. Oi S' dpa TavT eXeyov KaTaaKoirrj^ eveKa. 

14. TavTa piev tt}? rjpepa? iyeveTO* eh he ttjv iircovcrav 
vvKTa iiriTi^evTai iX^ovTes e/c tov opov? oi QvvoL Kal 
rjyepcov pev rp) 6 heairoTTj^; eKacrT7)<; tt)$ owla? ' yaXerrbv yap 
rjv aXXcos Ta9 ol/cla? o-kotov? ovtos dvevplcTKeiv iv Tats kco- 
pais • koX yap ai ol/clac kvkXco irepceaTavpcovTo p,eyaXoi<; 
CTTavpois tcov TrpoftaTcov eveKa. 15. 'Eirel S' iyevovTO KaTa 
tos ^vpas eKCLGTov tov olKrjpLaToS) oi piev elarjKGVTC^ov, oi Se 
to?9 o~KVTaXois efiaXXov, a ey^ew ecpacav C09 aTTOKoyJrovTes tcov 
BopaTcov Ta$ Xoyyas • oi Be iveiripLTrpacrav ■ Kal aevocfxovTa 



LIB. VII. CAP. IV. 193 

ovofiaarl KaXovvres e^iovra eKeXevov dird^ivrjaKeLV^ rj avrov 
ei>ao~av Kara/cav^rfaecr^cu avrov. 

16. Kal 7]St] re hid tov opofyov efyalvero irvp, Kal evTe^co- 
paKLo-fievoi oi Trepl ttevocfroovTa evhov rjaav aairiha^ Kal pLayai- 
pas /cal Kpdvrj €%ovt€$, /cal ScXavbs Matceano^ ercov tjSt] co? 
o/crco/caiSefca cov arj/iaivet rfj adXTTiyyu ■ Kal ev^vs eK7T7]hcbacv 
eairaafievoi ra Ztyr) Kal oi eK tcov aXXcov o-K^vcofidrcov. 17. 
Oi he QpaKes fyevyovcriv, toenrep hi] Tpbiro^ rjv avTols, OTrca^ev 
TrepiffaXXo [levot ras nreXras • Kal avrcov hire paXXopiev tov tovs 
o-ravpovs iXijcj&rjcrdv Ttves KpepLacr^ievTes eve%op,evcov tcov 
ttcXtcov to2$ aravpols • oi he Kal dire^avov hcapuapTovTe? tcov 
i^ohcov oi S' "EXXyves ehlcoKOV e^co Trjs kco/xt)<;. 18. Tcov he 
©vvcov V7roo~Tpa(j)evT€<; Tives iv tco crKorec tovs iraparpkyovTas 
Trap otKiav KacopLev^v rjKovTL^ov eh to <f>£>$ eK tov ctkotovs ■ 
Kal erpcocrav c Iepcovvp,6v re Evohea Xoyaybv /cal ©eoyevrjv 
AoKpbv \oyayov • dire^save he ovhels ■ KareKav^r] pbivroc Kal 
icr^s tlvcov Kal crKevrj. 19. ^ev^rjs Se rjKe fiorj^rjacov avv 
eTTTCi hnrevai tols Trpcorois Kal rov aaXircyKTrjV eycov tov 
OpoLKLov. Kal eTTeirrep fja^ero, oaovirep %povov efiorj^et, 
Totjovrov Kal to Kepas ecfi&eyyero avTco • ware Kal tovto <fio- 
(3ov avpuirapeaye toIs 7roXepLLoi$. 'Eirel S' rjX^ev. ihe^covTO 
Te Kal eXeyev ore oXolto Te^vecoras ttoXXovs evprjaecv. 

20. *E/c tovtov 6 Zevocpcov SecTac tov? opbripovs Te avTco 
irapahowat Kal eirl to opos el fiovXeTat avaTparevea^sai • el 
he pbTjy avTov idaac. 21. Tfj ovv vaTepaia irapahihtoaLV 6 
%ev^7}<; toz)? ofirjpovs, irpeafivTepovs dvhpas 77877, tov? tcpari- 
ototj?, co? ecpaaav, tcov opetveov ■ Kal avTos epyeTai avv ttj 
hwd/iet, "HSt] 8' el)(e Kal TparXaaiav Bvva/JLiv 6 Sev^rj? • 
itc yap Tuiv 'OSpvacov aKovovres a nrpaTToi 6 Sev^r]? iroXXol 
KaTefiwvov orvaTpaTevaopbevoc 22. Oi he ©wot i7rel elhov 
airb tov opov<; ttoXXov? /lev oirXiTas, ttoXXovs he 7reXTaaTa^ 
ttoXXovs he hrireis, KaTafidvTes i/cirevov aTTeiaaa^ai ■ Kal 
irdvTa Go/jLoXoyow TroirjaeLV Kal tcl tticttcl Xafi/3dvetv eKeXevov. 
23. O he Hev^r]? KaXeaa? tov Sevocf)covTa erreheiKwev a Xe- 
yotev • Kal ovk e<f)7] aTreto-ea^ac, el 'Sevocj^cov ftovXotro TtfJLco- 
9 



194: EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

prjaaa^aL avrovs Tr)? eV^ecrea)?. 24. *0 8' elirev ' *AXX! 
eycoye Uavr)v vofii^co Kal vvv Biktjv eyeiv, el ovtol BovXol eo~ov- 
tcu avT eXev^epcov GVfifiovXeveLv fievTOL ecbrj avr<p to Xolttov 
ofjirjpovs Xap,(3dveLV tov? BvvaTcoTaTov? fcafcov tl irotelv, tov$ 
Be yepovTas oLkql eav. 01 fiev ovv Tavrrj iravres Br) irpoao)- 
fioXbyovv. 

CAP. V. 

1. r T7T6p/3dWovaL Be 7Tpb$ tov? virep Bv^avriov &paKa$ 
els to AekTa KaXovfievov • clvtt] S' tjv ov/ceTC dpyr] Mcucrd- 
Bov, dXXd Trjpovs tov 'OBpvaov, dpyaiov twos. 2. Kal 6 
t HpaKXelBr]s evTaifea e^cov ttjv Tifirjv Trjs Xetas iraprrv. Kal 
Sev^rjs etjayaycov ^evyrj rj/itovt/cd Tpia, (ov yap rjv TrXelo),) tcl 
S' aXXa fioeifcd, KaXeaas 'Sevo(f>covTa e/ceXeve Xafielv, tcl S* 
aXXa htavel}iai tols GTpaTTfyols koi Xoyayols. 3. ttevocfrcov 
Be elirev • 'E/jloI fiev tolvvv dp/cel Kal aifeis Xaftelv • tovtols 
Be tols aTpaTrjyols Bcopov oc gvv ifiol r/KoXov^rjaav /cat Xo%a- 
yols. 4. Kal t5)v %evyG)V XafiftdveL ev fiev Tifiaalcov 6 Aap- 
Bavevs, ev Be KXedvcop 6 'Op^ofievLOS, ev Be QpvviGKOs 6 
^Ayaios • tcl Be j3oet/cd ^evyrj tols Xo^ayols KaTefiepiG^r]. 
Tov Be fjbca^bv diroBiBwGiv e^eXrjXv^oTOS rjBr} tov /jltjvos eitcoai 
fiovov rjfiepcov 6 yap c HpafcXet8r]s eXeyev otl ov irXelov epbiro- 
Xrjcrai. 5. *0 ovv &evo<j)6!)V dyfieG^els elirev eirofioaas * Ao- 
/eels fiOL, co r HpafcXei8r}j ov% &>? Bet /crjBea^aL Sev^ov • el yap 
etcrjBov, rjxes dv cj>epcov irXrjpr] tov fiLG^bv Kal TrpoaBaveiad- 
fievos, el fir) aXXcos eBvvco, Kal diroBbfievos tcl cravTov ifiaTLa. 

6. ^EvTeifeev 6 'HpaKXelBrjs r/jfitea^r) Te Kal eBetae fir] eK 
Tr)$ ^ev^ov faXias eKJSXrfbelr] • Kal o tl eBvvaTO dirb \avT7]s 
tt}? r)fjLepa<$ 'Bevo^covTa BLefiaXXe irpbs Sev^rjv. 7. Oi fiev Br) 

(TTpaTLCDTaL aeVOCJlGJVTL iveKoXoVV OTL OVK el%OV TOV fJLLa^OV • 

Sev^r]? Be rj^eTo avTco otl ivTovcos tol<z GTpaTLCOTacs dirr^TeL 
tov fJLLG^aov. 8. Kal Tecos fiev del efie/ivrfTo co? eireLBdv errl 
^fdXaTTav aTreX^r}, TrapaBcoaoL avTto B Ladv^rjv Kal Ydvov Kal 



LIB. VII. CAP. V. 195 

; Neov rectos • airo Se tovtov tov yjiovov ouSez/09 en tovtcov 
ifiijLivrjTo. f yap 'HpaKXelSrj^ Kal tovto hiej3ej3XrjKeb o>? 
ovk da<paXe<; eli] rei^rj nrapahihovai dvSpl Bvvafitv eyovTi. 

9. 'Etc tovtov 6 fiev zevocfrcbv efiovXeveTO tl %pr) iroielv 
Trepl tov €Tt avco CTTpaTveaQaL • 6 S' * HpaKXelhrjs elaayaycov 
tovs aXXovs GTpaTrjyovs 7rpo? HevSyv Xeyeiv re iteeXevev av- 
tovs otl ovBev av tjttov acfiels dydyobev ttjv crTpariav r\ Eei/o- 

(j)0)V, TOV T€ fALaQbv V7TCG' / )(V€LT0 aVTCL? ivTO<Z oXlyCOV 7]fl€pSdV 

eKirXecov TrapeG-eoSaL hvolv fiyvolv ■ Kal GVGTpaTevea&aL iice- 
Xeve. 10. Kal 6 Ttfiaaicov elwev • 'Eyco fiev tolvvv ovS* av 
7T6VT6 /JLTjvcov /u<7$09 fieXXy eXvai CTpaTevcraifJLrjv av avev 
Eevo^covTos. Kal o §pvvlcnco<; teal Rkedvoip avvcofioXoyovv 

7W Tc/LLaGlCDVL. 

11. 'EvTev&ev 6 HjevSys eXoihopeb tov 'HpaKXelSrjv otl ov 
Trapa/caXel Kal 'EevocficovTa. 'Ex Se tovtov irapatcaXovGiv 
avTov /jlovov. c O 8e yvovs tov 'HpaKXeiSov ttjv iravovpyiav 
otl fiovXoiTO avTov StafBaXXeiv 7rpo? tov$ aXXovs crTpaTT)- 
yovs, TrapepyeTai Xa/3a)v tou9 t€ cTpaT7)yovs iravTas Kal 
TOU9 Xo%ayov$. 12. Kal eirel irdvTe^ eireia^aav, avve- 
; G-TpaTevovTO Kal dfyiKVOvvTai ev Be^ta e^ovTes tov Uovtov 
Sea to)v MeXivocpdywv KaXovfievcov GpqK&v eh tov XaXfiv- 
hrjaaov. "EvS-a tcov eh tov Uovtov TrXeovcrcov vecov TroXXal 
OKeXXovat Kal eKTrlirTOVcrb • Tevayos yap Igtlv eirl irdfiiroXv 
Trjs &aXdTTT}s. 13. Kal ol QpaKes ol Kara TavTa oikovvtzs 
(TTrjXas opiaapbevoL Ta Ka& avTovs eKiriTTTOVTa eKacrToi Xrjt- 
fyvTai • re&)9 S' eXeyov irplv optcraoSac dpird^ovTa^ 7tgXXov<; 
vtt dXXrjXcDV d7roQvrjcrK€Lv. li. 'EvTav&a evplaKOVTO ttoX- 
Xal fiev KXlvat, iroXXa Se KifiojTia, 7roXXal Be ftiftXot ye- 
ypafifxevaL, Kal TaXXa 7roXXa ocra ev %vXivol<z Tev^ecrt vav- 
KXrjpot ayovcriv. 'EvTev&ev TavTa KaTao-Tpe-^rdfievoL aTrrje- 
aav irdXiv. 15. "Ev&a Srj 2ev&r)s el%e GTpaTevfia ySrj 
irXeov tov *EXXt)vlkov ■ eK re yap 'OSpvacbv iroXv eTi TrXer 
ou9 KaTaj3e(3 r qKeaav Kal ol del TretBofievoi crvvecrTpaTevovTO. 
KaTrjvXiG-$h)o-av he ev tS> nrehicp virep Sr)Xv{3pla$ oaov Tpid- 
KOVTa GTahiovs drreyovTes; Trfi SaXdTT7)s. 16. Kal /nicrQb? 



196 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

fiev ovBek irco efyaivero • irpbs Be tov EevocfycovTa oi T€ crrpa- 
tl&tcll iray%aXeir(£<z eiyov 6 re SevQrjs ovfciri, olk€lq)<z Bee- 
Metro, dXX* oiroTe avyyeveor&aL avrcp fiovXofievos eXSoi, iroX- 
Xal 97877 acr'XpkiaL icjtaivovro. 



CAP. VI. 

1. *Ev TOVTG) T& XP° V( P <t % € ^^ 7]Bt] BvO fl7]vS>V OVTCOV 

afyiKvovvrai Xapfuvos re 6 Ad/ccov Kal IIoXvvikos irapa 6£- 
ftpcovos* teal Xeyovaiv otl Aa/eeBaLfiovLOL? Bo/cel crTpareve- 
cS-ai eirl Ticraa^epvrjVy Kal Qlfipcov eKireirXevKev o>? TroXefirj- 
acov • Kal Selrcu tclvttjs t?}? arpancts Kal XeyeL otl Bapettcbs 
i/cdcTTG) earai fiiaQb? tov fi7]v6<;, Kal rots Xo^ayoc^ St/jLOtpia, 
tol$ Be o~Tpa,T7}yoi$ TeTpafioipia. 2. 'Eirel S' rjXSov ol Aatee- 
Scu/jloviol, evS-vs 6 *HpaKXelB7]<z irvSofievos otl eirl to o-rpd- 
Tevfia tjicovctl XeyeL t<Z> %ev$r) otl koXXlcttov yeyevrfTai • oi 
fiev yap AaKeBaLfibvioL heovrai rov GTpaTev/iaTos, av Be ov- 
K6TL Bey • diroBiBov? Be to arpdrevfia yapiel avrots, ere Be 
ov/cert airaiTrjarovo'L rov fiLcr&ov, dXX diraXXd^ovTaL etc rfjs 
X&pa*. 

3. 'Afcovcras ravra 6 %ev&r)<? KeXeveL wapdyeiv • teal iirel 
elirov otl eirl to crTpaTev/xa tjkovglv, eXeyev otl to GTparevfia 
diroBlBwcn fyiXos Te teal cvfifAaxps elvai fiovXeTat, tcaXel re 
avTov? eirl %evlq. Kal e^evt^e fieyaXoirpeircos. Sevoc^ojVTa 
Be.ov/c ifcdXec, ovBe tcov aXXcov aTpaTrjycov ovBeva. 4. 'Epay- 
tgovtcdv Be Toov AaKeBaLfiovlcov T69 dvrjp elr\ 'Eevocfrcov direicpi- 
vaTO otl tcl fiev aXXa ecr) ov tea/cos, faXoo'TpaTLcbTr}? Be • teal 
Bta tovto yelpov ecrTiv avTw. Kal ot elirov • 'AXX' rj Brjfia- 
ycoyel 6 dvrjp tov$ avBpas ; Kal 6 *Hpa/cXeiB7)<z • TLdvv fiev * 
ovv, ecjyrj. 5. **Ap ovv, ecfracrav, fir) koi rjfilv evavTtdocreTao 
irepl tt}? diraycdyrjt; ; 'AXX* rjv vjiels, ecj>7j 6 ^HpaicXetBrj^, 
avXXi^avTe? avTov? viroo")(7] (T ^' e T0 ^ tiiv&ov, oXiyov ifcelvQ) 
irpocrxpVTe^ diroBpa/jLovvTac avv vfuv. 6. JIw? ovv civ, ecj&a- 
aav, rj/jLcv avXXeyelev ; Avpiov vfias, e<f>7j 6 ^HpaicXeLBr)*;, 



LIB. VII. CAP. VI. 197 

irpcoi a^ofiev 7rpo? avrovs • Kal olBa, e<f)7j, on eireuBav vfias 
iBcocrcv aafievot avvBpafiovvTai. Avtt] fiev r] r/fiepa ovtcq? 

7. Tfj 8* vcrrepaia dyovarcv eirl to arpdrev/jia rot/? Ad/cco- 
vas $ev&7]$ re Kal c HpaKXeiBr]$, /cat avXXeyeTac r) arpartd • 
to) Be AaKcove iXeyirrjv on AaKeBac/ioviots BoKel iroXefielv 
Ticraacpepvec tw vfias dBcKycravTL • fjv ovv ct]T€ gvv fffiiv, top 
re e^pbv Ttficoprjaea^e Kal BapeiKOV etcacrTOS otaet tov firj- 
vbs vficov ' Xo^aybs Be to BlttXovv ■ CTpaT7]yb$ Be to T€Tpa- 
ttXovv. 8. Kal ol GTpaTicoTat acrfievoi T6 rjKovaav Kal ev&vs 
dviGTarai tl<$ tcov 'ApKaBcov tov EevocfroovTos KaTrjyopi]Gcov. 
Uapr\v Be Kal 2ev&rjs ftovXbfievos elBevat tl irpa^rjcreTai • 
Kal ev eir^Koto elcrTrjKet e^cov epfirjvea ■ %vviei Be Kal avrb? 
kXkrjvLGTl tcu irXeiGTa. 9. "EvSa 8rj XeyeL 6 *ApKd<$* 'AXX' 
rjfiels fiev, co AaKeBaLfibvLOL, Kal ircCkai av rjfiev Trap vfiiv, el 
fir] IHevocficbv rj/ias Bevpo Tretaas aTrryyayev ev&a Brj rffiels 
fiev tov BeLvbv %eLficbva GTparevofievoL Kal vvKTa Kal rjfiepav 
ovBev ireiravfie^a ■ 6 Be rou9 r/fieTepovs ttcvovs e^er Kal %ev~ 
$779 eKelvov fiev IBta ire7fKovTiKev, fffias Be dirocTepel tov 
/ilg&ov 10. ware 6 ye 7rpwT09 Xeycov eyco fiev el tovtov 
XBotfJLi KaToXevaSevTa Kal BbvTa Blktjv cov r}fid<z irepielXKe, Kal 
tov fica&bv av fioi Bokco e%etv Kal ovBev eVl tols ireirovrjfie- 
vol? ci'X&ecr&ai. MeTa tovtov dXXos dve.GTr\ ojjlolcos Kal dX- 
Xo?. 'Etc Be tovtov ttevocpcov eXe^ev coBe ■ 

11. 'AXXa rrrdvTa fiev dpa dv&pcoirov ovra irpocrBoKav 
Bel, OTTQTe ye Kal iyco vvv vcf> vficov ahta? e%co ev co irXet- 
crT7]v irpoSvfitav ifiavTco ye Bokco G-vveiBevat Trepl vfias Trape- 
o")(7}fjLevo<$. ''AireTpairbfiriv fiev ye rfBrj ocKaBe cbpfirj/ievos, ov 
fia tov Ala ovtol GwQavofievo? vfia<$ ev TrpaTTeiv, dXXa 
fidXXov (zkovcdv ev dirbpoi? elvac a>9 chcpeXrjacov el tl Bvvai- 
firjv. 12. 'Eirel S' r}X$ov, $ev&ov tovtovc 7roXXov$ dyyeXov? 
Trpo? ifie irefiirovTOS Kal ttoXXcl viricryyovfievov fiot, el irei- 
c-atfiL vfia<$ 7rpo9 avTov eX&eiv, tovto fiev ovk eireyeipTfaa, 
irotecv, co9 avTol vfiels eirlaTaa^e • rjyov S* o$ev cpbfirjv Ta- 
%i(JT av vfias €69 T7)v ^Acriav BiafirjvaL. Tama yap kol 



198 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

fieXriGTa evbfiiCpv vfilv elvcu kcl\ VjJLCL? f/SeLV /3ovXofJLeVOV$. 
13. 'Eirel Se ApLGTapyps iX^tcov gvv Tpir/peGiv i/ccoXve 8ia- 
irXelv rjfJLas, e/c tovtov, oirep el/cos St/ttov r/v : GvveXe^a vfids, 
07T&)? fiovXevGal/jie^a 6 tl yjpr/ irouelv. 14. Ov/covv v/iels 
a/covovres fiev * Apunapyov eiriTaTTovTOS v/jllv eh Xeppovr)- 
gov TTopeveo^sai, dtcovovTes Se Sev^ov irefoovros eauTco gv- 
Grparevea^aLy irdvre^ fiev eXeyere gvv Seifey levcu, navres K 
i\lrr)(f)icraa^e Tavrd. Tl ovv eya> evrav^a rjSi/cr/Ga dyaycov 
vfias ev^a ttclgiv v/jllv eSofceL ; 15. "Eirel ye fxr)v tyevSeG^ac 
rjp^aro Xeifer/s irepl tov ficG^tov, el fiev eiratvoy avrov, Sl/ccilcqs 
av fie zeal alriaiG^e Kal fiLGolre • el Se 7rpoG^ev avrcp 7rdvrcov 
fidXiGTa (})lXos &v vvv rravroav Siacpopooraros el/ju, 7rw9 av ere J 
Scfcaicos Vfias alpovpievos dvrl Seifeov v$> v/jlcov air lav eyoLfii 
rrepl &v nrpbs rovrov Sia&epojJLaL ; 16. *AXX! eliroire av ort, 
e^eGTL ical rd v/ierepa eyovra rrapd %ev^ov reyyd^etv. Ov- 
kovv SrjXov rovrb ye on elirep e/iol ereXev tl Xeifer/s, ovy 
ovrcos ereXet Sr/rrov a>9 oov re e/xol Solr/ Grepolro koI dXXa 
v/jllv dirorlGeLev ; \4/V\' ol/iat el iSlSov, eirl rovrcp av iSiSov 
07rc»? e/JLol Sou? fiecGV ft?] aTroSolr/ v/jllv to irXelov. 17. El 
Tolvvv ovtcos eye.Lv oleG^se^ e^eGTiv v/jllv avrUa fidXa fiaralav 
ravrr/v rrjv irpd^LV d/xcborepoL^ tj/jllv rroLr/GaL, idv Trpdrrr/re 
avrov rd yjpr/fxara. ArjXov yap ore Sev^rjs, el eyco tl irap 
avrov. diraLTrjGet fie, /cat dirairr/Gei fievroL Bifcaicos, edv fir) 
/3e/3aieo ttjv irpa^iv avrS ifi fj iScopoSoKOW. 18, 'AXXd 
7roXXov fiot Sokco Selv Ta bfxeTepa e^ecv opLvvco yap v/jllv ^e- 
ol>9 diravras tcaX rirdGas fJLr/Se a e/iol I8la vireG^eTO Set^r]? 
eyeiv ■ irdpeGTi Se /cal avrbs teal dtcovcov GVvoLhe fiot el eiri- 
opfeco. 19. f/ Iva Se /idXXov ^ay/idGr/re, Gvveirofivvfii fir/Se a 
ol aXXot GTpaTT/yol eXa/3ov elXrjc^evaL, /jltj to'lvvv fir/ft* OGa 
tcov Xo^ayGov evLot. 20. Kal tl Stj Tavra eiroiovv ; "SIi/jlt/v, 
a> dvSpes, OG(p fxdXXov GVfKpepoLfiL tovtw ttjv tot€ ireviav, 
togovtg) fjLaXXov avrov (plXov TTotr/GeG^aL oiroTe SvvaG^elrj. 
'Eycb Se dfia Te avTov opco ev wpaTTOvra, Kal yLyvcoG/cco Sr) 
avrov tt/v yvd)/.L7]v. 21. EliTOL Sr] tl<; av. Ov/covv alGyyvy 
ovtco fjLcopoos e^airaT(i)fJLevo^ ; Not fid A la r/Gyyvofir/v fievTOi^ 



LIB. VII. CAP. VI. 199 

el virb iroXejiiov ye 6W09 e^iraTrj^rjv ■ cf>lXay S' ovtl e%aira- 
tolv alayiov jjlol BoKel elvai rj e^airaTaoSai* 22. 'Eirel el ye 
7rpo? cj)i\ovs earl <f)v\a/crj, irdaav olBa v/jlcl<z <f)vXa%ajjLevov$ a>9 
arj Trapacrveiv tovtco Trpocpaatv BiKaiav jjur) diroBiBovai v[uv 
a vTrec^ero • ovre yap rjBtKrjo-afJLev tovtov ovBev ovre tcare- 
fSXatcevaaixev ra tovtov ovt€ /jltjv KaTeBetXtdaa/iev ovBev ifi 
tl rjjxas ovTGS irapetc&Xecrev. 23. 'AXXd, (j)airjTe av, eBec 
tcl ivevypa tots Xa/3ecv, &>? /jbr]Be el e/3ovXeTO eBvvaTO e^aira- 
tclv' Upos TavTa Be cucovcraTe a iycb oifc av ttots eirrov 
tovtov evavTtov, el firf /jlol iravTanraaiv dyvcbfiove? eBoKetTe 
elvai rj Xiav eh ijie d^dpicrTOC. 24. " AvafivrjcrS^jTe yap ev 
ttolois Ttal Trpdy/jLaaLV ovTe? eTvyydveTe, it; wv v/id? eya> 
dvrjyayov 777309 2evQr]v. Ovfc eh fiev IlepcvS-ov, el irpocrloiTe 
T7j TroXety ' ApicrTap^o^ v\id<$ 6 AcuceSaifjLovtos ovtc eta elcrievai 
diroKkeiaa^ ra? irvXas, virai^ptot he e^co eaTpaToireBeveTe, 
fjiecros Be ^eifioav rjv, dyopa Be i^prjaBe cnrdvia jiev opoovTe? 
to, covta, airavta Be e^ovTes orcov wvrjcrea^e ; 25. ^Avdy/crj 
Be rjv \ieveiv eirl QpaKrjs • Tpirjpeis yap i<fiopfiovcrai ckcoXvov 
BiairXelv • el Be pivot tls, ev iroXejila elvai, ev&a iroXXol fiev 
lirireh rjcrav evavTioi, iroXXol Be irekTacrTaL 26. *Hjjllv Be 
ottXctckov fiev rjv S d$p6oi fiev lovTes eirl Ta9 Koopua^ ictcd? av 
iBwd/ieSa gItov XafijSdveiv ovBev tl afy&ovov • otco Be Btco- 
KOVTes av rj avBpdiroBa rj irpoftaTa KaTeXafi/3dvofjbev ov/c r)v 
rjfilv • ovTe yap Ittttlkov ome ireXTacrTiKov eTi iycb crvvecTTrj- 
/C09 KaTeXafiov Trap hfilv. 27. El ovv ev TOiavTrj dvay/crj 
ovtcov vjjlcov /irjo^ ovTLvaovv fjbicr&bv irpoaatTrjcra^ SevSyv 
avfijULa'Xpv vfilv TrpocriXaftov, eyovTa teal iirireas koi ireXTa- 
C7T»9 oov vjJLeZs TrpoaeBelcr^e, rj fcafcax; av eBo/covv vfilv fteftov- 
XevcrBaL irpo vficov ; 28. Tgvtcov yap Brjirov KoivwvrjcravTes 
Kal ctltov dcfr&ovcDTepov ev ra?9 /cco/iat^ evptcrfceTe Bid to 
dvay/cd%ecr$ac tou9 Opqifcas tcaTa airovBrjv fiaXXov (fievyew, 
Kal irpofiaTcov fcal avBpairoBcov /jloXXov [xeTecr^eTe. 29. Kal 
iroXefjLiov ov/ceTt ovBeva ecQpojjJLev eTrecBr) to Imriicov r)fuv 
irpoaeyeveTo • Tea>9 Be QapaaXecos rjfjbcv ecfrelirovTO 01 TroXefitot 
Kal IttitlkS) Kal ireXTacrTLKU) KcoXvovTes fjLrjBafLr) kot bXiyovs 



200 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

airoo-KeSavvvfiivovs ra eiriTTjSeia acfr&ovcorepa rj/nas rropi^e- 
cr&aL. 30. El Be Brj 6 avfiirapi^oov vplv ravrrjv rrjv dcrcfrd- 
Xetav fir) irdvv irokvv fiia&bv TrpoaeriXec Tr)<$ aG$akelas, 
tovto Br) to a^erktov ird^rjfia, teal Sea tovto ovSafir) oceoSe 
Xprjvai, ^covra ifie eav elvai ; 31. Nvv Be Brj 7rco? dirkpye- 
aS-e ; Ov Bia^eifidaavTe^ fiev ev afy&ovois toIs eTriTrjSeLois, 
irepiTTov 8' fyovTes tovto el to e\d/3eTe irapa Sev&ov ; Ta 
jap tcov iro\efiioov eSairavaTe. Kal TavTa irpaTTovTe^ ovTe 
avSpas eVei'SeTe vficov avTcov diro&avbvTas ovTe fcoz/ra? dire- 
/3d\eTe. 32. El Be ti koXov Trpo? tov? ev ttj *Aala ftapfid- 
pov$ eirerrpaiCTO v/jllv, ov Kal etcelvo crcov e^eTe Kal 7rpo9 e/eet- 
vols vvv aXXrjv evKkeiav irpocretXrjcpaTe Kal tovs ev ttj Evpco- 
iry QpaKas ecf) ou? eaTpaTevcraaSe KpaTrjaavTe? ; 'Eyoo fiev 
vfia$ cj)7]fjLt BtKaicos av cov ifiol ^dkeiralveTe tovtcov toZs Beoi? 
ydpiv elBevai &)<? dya&oov. 33. Kal tcl fiev Si] vfieTepa tol- 
avTa. "AyeTe Be 7rpo? &ecov Kal Ta eaa cKetyaoSe co? e%ei. 
'Eyco yap OTe fiev irpoTepov dirrjpa OLKaSe, eywv fiev eiraivov 
ttoXvv 7rpo? vficov d7re7Topev6/jL7]v 3 €%cqv Be Bl vfias Kal virb 
tcov aXkoov *EXkr}V(ov evKkeiav ■ eirtaTevofi^v Be virb AaKe- 
Batfiovioov ■ ov yap av fie eirepmov irakiv rrpb^ vfias. 34. 
Nvv 8' dnripyofiai 7rpo? fiev AaKeBaifiovLovs vfi v/icov Btafte- 
{3\r)fiivo<;, %ev&r) Be dir^^fievo^ virep vficov, ov rfhsmtyv ev 
iroirjaas fie& v/icov diroGTpoffiv Kal ifiol KaXr)v Kal iraiaiv, 
el yevoLvro, KaTa^rjaecr^ai. 35. e Tfiet<; S' virep cov eyco dirtf- 
^rjfiac Te irkelaTa koI TavTa tto\v KpeiTToatv efiavTov, 
irpayfiaTevbfievo^ Te oiBe vvv iroo Treiravfiai o ti Bvvafiai 
dya&bv vjiiv, ToiavTrjv e^ere yvoofiyv irepl ifiov. 36. *AX)C 
e^ere fiev fie ovTe (pevyovTa \a/36vTe<; ovre diroBcBpacrKOVTa • 
tjv Be iroirjcrrjTe a \eyeTe, caTe oti avBpa KaTaKeKavoTe? eo*e- 
er^e iroXka fiev Brj irpb vfioov dypvirvrjaavTa, nroXka Be avv 
v/ilv TrovrjcravTa Kal KivBvvevcravTa Kal ev tg3 fiepei Kal irapa 
to fiepos • &eo)v Be XXecov ovtcov Kal Tpbiraia ftapfidpcov ito\- 
\a Br) <rbv vfilv aTTjadfievov • oVw? Si ye firjSevl tqov C JB\X^- 
voov 7ro\efitoc yevoicr&e, irav ocrov iyco eSvvd/irjv irpb? vfia? 
SiaTecvd/ievov. 37. Kal yap ovv vvv vjilv e^eaTiv dveiri- 



LIB. VII. CAP. VI. 201 

X^7TT6)9 iropevea&at oirrj dv eXrjcrQe ical Kara yr)v /cal Kara 
Sakarrav. ( TfA€L<; Be, ore iroWr) vfjilv eviropla (patverat, /cal 
TrXetTe ev$a Br) iTreSv/jLetre 7rd\at, Beovrat re v/jlcov ol fie- 
ytcrTOV Bvvdfxevot, fAMT&bs Be (palverat, r)ye[i6ve^ Be r)/covcrt 
Aa/ceBatjuovtot ol /cpdrtcrTot vofit^o/jtevot elvat, vvv Br) /catpbs 
vfjilv Bofcel elvat o>9 rd^tcrTa e/xe KdTcucavelv ; 38. Ov fjtrjv 
ore <ye ev toIs diropots rjfiev, a) irdvrcov p^vij/jbovt/ccorarot, dXka 
/cat irarepa ipe e/ca\etre Kal del a>9 evepyerov pbepLvqa^at 
v7rio")(veLcr$e. Ov fjtevTot dyvco/Jtoves ov$* ovroi elcrtv ol vvv 
ij/covres ecj> vptd^ • ware, o>9 iyd> olfiat, ovBe tovtols Bo/celre 
fteXrioves elvat roiovrot 6vre<$ irepl ipte. Tavr eliraiv eirav- 
craro. 

39. XappJivos Be 6 AatceBatyLOVtos dvacrrd^ etirev ovrcoai' 
'-4/VV ifjiol fievTot, & avBpes, ov BtKaicos Bo/cetre ra> dvBpl tov- 
tg) yakeivaivetv ■ e^co yap ical auro9 avrco /jtapTVprja-at. 
SevS-rjs yap epcoTcovros ijxov /cal UoXvvikov nrepl Hez/oc£aiz>T09 
Tt9 dvr)p eXrj ciXko jjtev ovBev el%e ptefiyfraaBat, dyav Be <f>tko- 
arpartd)T7]v ecfcrj avrbv elvat • Bco /cal yetpov avrcp elvat irpbs 
rjficbv re twv AaiceBat^ovlcov Kal irpbs avrov. 40. 'Avaards 
€7rl Tovrcp -Evpv\o%o<? Aovatdrrr]^ '-4p/ca9 elire • Kal Bo/cel ye 
{lot, dvBpes Aa/ceBat/iovtot, tovto v/ids Trpwrov tjjjlwv arparrj' 
yrjerat, irapa Xev&ov rjfitv tov /Jbtcr&bv dvairpd^at fj e/covros 
r) a/covros, /cal fir) nrporepov lipids dirayayelv. 41. TIoXvKpd- 
r?79 Be 'A&rjvatos elirev dvaard^ virep 'EevocficovTos • 'Opco ye 
\ir\v, ecjyrj, oj avBpes, Kal 'Hpa/ckeiBrjv ivravSa 7rapovra ■ 09 
7rapa\a/3a)V rd yjpr)\iaTa a r)p,ets eirovrjaapiev, ravra diroBo- 
jievo? ovre SevQr] direBco/cev ovre rjfuv rd ytyvofieya, dW 
auT09 /cketyas ireirarat. *Hv ovv aco^pov&fxev, e%6fie§a av- 
rov * ov yap Br] o5to9 ye, €(prj, Opa^ icrrtv, dWd f/ EWrjv cov 
"EXkTjvas dBt/cet. 

42. Tavra dtcovo-a? 6 'HpafcXelBrj? ptdXa e^eifkdyrj • /cal 
7rpocre\&cbv tw Xev^rj Xeyet ■ C H/J,et$ r)v crcocj)povcbp,eVy diriiiev 
ivrevSev etc Tr}$ rovrcov eTrt/cpareias. Kal dvafidvres eirl 
tou9 f L7rrrov$ ai^ovro dire\avvcvre^ el? to eavrcov arparoTTe- 
Bov. 43. Kal ivrev&ev %ev&r)<; izep/Ket 'A/3po%e\p,r)v tov 
9* 



202 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

eavrov epfjirjvea 7rpo9 Eevocfrcovra /cat fceXevec avrbv Kara/jLel- 
vai Trap* eavrco e^ovra *)/lXlov<> orrktras • fcao virtcryyeZrai 
avrco diroBcoaeLV rd re y cop la ra eirl S^aXdrrrj Kal raKka a 
virea^ero. Kal ev diropprjrco iroLrjCTdpLevo^ Xeyet ore dicr}- 
Koe IIoXvvlkov C09 el viro^eipLos karat AaKeBaifAovLots, aacj>co^ 
diro&avolro vtto ©Iftpcovos. 44. ^EireareXkov Be ravra Kal 
oXKol iroWol rco 'Sevocpcovrc co? BLaf3e(3\r)/jLevo<z eirj Kal <pv- 
XdrreaS-at Biot, c O $* aKovcov ravra Bvo lepela \a(3cov e$ve 
rco All rco /SacriXel rrorepd oi \coov Kal afjueivov eir\ fieveiv 
irapa Xev&y ecf) oh %ev&7]<$ \eyec 7) dmevai crvv rco crrparev- 
part. Avaipel he avrco dmevai. 



CAP. VII. 

L 'EvrevQev Sev&rjs fiev direcrrparoTTehjevcraro irpocrcore- 
pco % oi Be ''EXkrjve? ecrKr}V7]crav eh KcojJLas o&ev ejxeXKov ifXel- 
ara eirLariadfievok eirl Sdkarrav fj^eiv. At Be KcofiaL av- 
rai rjcrav BeBofievau vtto Xev&ov MrjBocrdBrj. 2. *Opcov ovv o 
Mr)BocrdBr)s BarravcojAeva ra eavrov ev rah KcofiaLS vtto rcov 
*E\\i]vcov %aXeirco$ ecj>epe ■ Kal \ajBcov dvBpa 'OBpvcrrjv Bvva- 
rcorarov rcov avcoQev Kara/3e/3rjKorcov Kal irrireas oaov rpid- 
Kovra epyerai Kal rrpoKaXelrav Uevocpcovra eK rod 'EWtjvlkov 
arparev/xaro^. Kal 09 \af3cbv rivas rcov Xo^aycov Kal a\- 
A,ou9 rcov eirtrriBeicov rrpoaep^eraL. 3. "EvS-a Brj \eyec M.r\- 
BocrdBr]^' 'AStKetre, co Uevocjtcov, T&9 rj/jLerepas Kcojia<; irop- 
Sovvres. UpoXiyoaev ovv v/ullv, eyco re virep *%ev$ov Kal oBe 
dvrjp irapa MtjBokov tjkcov rov avco /3acrt\eco<;, dirievai Ik 
rr\<$ %cbpas ■ el Be fir}, ovk iirLrpi^o/jLev v/jllv, aX)C iav iroLrjre 
KaKco? rr]v 7]\xerepav %cbpav, o>9 iroXefiLovs dXe^rjaofie^a. 

4. c O Be Hevocfycov aKovcras ravra elirev • *AXkd col fiev 
roiavra \eyovri Kal diroKpivaaS^ac ^akerrov • rovBe Be eveKa 
rov veavicTKov \e%co 3 iv elBjj, oloi re v/ueh ecrre Kal oloc r}p,eh* 
5. 'Hfieh f^ev yap, ecprj, irplv v/jllv cpiXoL yevecr&ai eiropevoiAe- 
&a Bta ravrrjs tt}9 %copa9 oiroi i/3ov\6fJL€&a, rjv fiev e&eXoc/JLev 



LIB. VII. CAP. VII. 903 

rropSovvres, fjv S' iQeXoLfiev Kalovres. 6. Kal crv oirore 
7rpo? y/ias eXSois Trpecr/3evcov } rjvXi^ov rore Trap rjfjilv ovSiva' 
(frofiov/jLevos rcov TroXeficcov. 'T/Jbet^ Se ovk fjre el$ rrjvSe rrjv 
ycopav, r) el 7rore eXSotre &>9 ev Kpetrrovcov %&>pa rjvXi^eaQe 
iy/ce^a\cvco/jievoL<; rots lttttoc^. 7. 'Errel he. r)fuv (plXot iyi- 
vecrS-e Kal Si yfias crvv 3-eols e^ere r?]vSe ri]V y&>pav, vvv S§ 
e^eXavvere i]fid^ etc rrjcrSe t?}? %wpa? rjv Trap rjficov eyovruv 
Kara Kpdro? TrapeXdfiere • eo? yap avrbs olcrS-a, oi TroXe/icoi 
ov~% itcavol rjcrav r)fia^ e^eXavvew. 8. Kal ovy oVa)? Scopa 
Sou? Kal ev TTOLijcras dv& &v ev erra^es a^iols rj/ia^ diroireyu- 
TJracrQaL, dXX' drroTropevo/Jievov^ r)fjLa$ ov$* evavXicrSrjvai ocrov 
Svvaaai emrperrei^. 9. Kal ravra Xeycov ovre $eovs dUryih 
vrj ovre rovSe rbv avSpa, o? vvv fiev ere opa rrXovrovvra, rrplv 
Be r)filv (j)l\ov yeviaS-ai drrb Xyareta^ rbv fitov eyovra, eo? 
avrbs ecfyricrSa. 10. ^ Arap ri Kal 7rpo? ifie Xeyeb? ravra ; 
ecj)7] • ov yap eycoy en dpyco, dXXd AaKeSaifioviOi, ol? vfiels 
rrapeScoKare rb arpdrevfia drrayayelv ovSev ifie rrapaKaXe- 
cravres, co Bav/iaarora.roi, oVo)? axarrep dTrrj^avofirjv aurot? 
ore rrpbs tyza? rjyov, ovrco Kal yapicratfirjv vvv drroSiSovs. 

11. 'Errel Se ravra rjKovaev 6 'OSpvcrrjs, elrrev* 'Eyco 
(iev, & MrjSocraSes, Kara rr)<$ 777? KaraSvofiai vrrb tt)? aiayxh 
vrjs d/covcov ravra. Kal el fiev rrpocrS-ev rjTTLCTTdjirjv, oiS* av 
GVvrjKoXovHh]crd aoi • Kal vvv drreifii ■ ovSe yap av MtjSoko? 
fie 6 ftacrcXevs erraivoirj, el e^eXavvoifii rovs evepyera?. 12. 
Tain elrrcov dvaj3a$ eirl rbv Xrnrov drrrjXawe Kal airv avrfi 
oi dXXoL Imrels TrXrjv rerrdpeov rj irevre. *0 Se MrjSoG-dSrj^, 
eXviret yap avrbv r) X^P a ^op^ov/Jievr) eKeXeve rbv *Eevocj)cov- 
ra KaXecrau rco AaKeSat/iovcco, 13. Kal 09 Xafioov rov<; 
errirrfSeiordrov^ 7Tpoar)XB-e rqj Xapfiivco Kal UoXvvlkco Kal 
eXe^ev ore KaXel avrovs MrjSoo-dSr}^ rrpoepwv airep avrw, 
dmevai eK rr)<$ %copas. 11. Ol/iai av ovv, ecprj, vfia? drroXa- 
fielv rfj arparta rbv 6^>etX6pbevov fjucrQov, el elrroire on SeSerj- 
rai vficov rj arparid avvavairpa^aL rbv [Aia&bv r) Trapa eKov- 
ros r) Trapa cikovtos SevS-ov * Kal ore rovrcov rvy/ovres rrpo- 
Qv/jlcos av GvveTrea&ai v/jllv §acri • Kal ore SUaca v/ilv So- 



204: EXPEDITIO CYKI. 

Kovat Xeyetv * ical ore virea^ea^e avrols rore dirtevat orav 
tcl Sifcata e^coatv ol arpartcorai. 15. 'Axovaavres ol Ad/cco- 
ve$ ravra e^aaav epelv koi aXXa oirola av Bvvcovrai tcpdri- 
ara • fcal ev$v$ eiropevovro e^ovres irdvras rovs eirifcaiplovs. 
'EXQcbv B* e\e^e Xapfitvos ■ El fiev av ri e^eis, <S MrjBoaa- 
Bes, irpbs rjfias Xeyecv ■ el Be firj, rjfiels irpbs ere e%ojiev. 16. 
f O Be MrjBoadBrjs fidXa Brj v(j)etfievo)s ■ 'AXX? iyco fiev \eyco, 
€$7], teal Sev&vfi ra avrd, ore d^covfiev rov$ <j)l\ovs Tffilv 
yeyevrjfievovs fir) tca/ccos irdayeiv v$> vficov • 6 ri jap av rov- 
tov$ tcatcods irotrjre rjfia? r/Br) irotetre" rjfierepot yap elacv. 
17. *Hfiei$ roivvv, e^aaav ol Ad/ccoves, dirioifiev av oirore 
rbv fiia&bv eyoiev ol ravra vfilv tear air pa^avres • el Be firj, 
ipj(pfie&a /iev /col vvv fiorj&ijaovres rovrots teal rtficopTjaofie- 
vol avBpas ot rovrovs irapa robs op/covs rfBifcrjaav • rjv Be Br\ 
ical vfiels roiovrot wre ev&evBe dp^ofie&a tcl BUaia Xafifid- 
veiv. 18. c O Be Uevocjioov eirrev ^E&eXoire 8' av tovtois, & 
MrjBoaaBes, eirirpe^rai, eiretBr) <fil\ov<z ecjzare elvai v/iiv, ev 
cov ry %(£pa eafiev, oirorepa av tyrfcfriacDVTai, eiS-* v/ia$ irpoa- 
rjtcev etc rfjs %copa9 dirievai el^ rj/ias ; 19. *0 Be ravra fiev 
ovk ecj>7], ifcekeve Be fiakiara fiev aira) rco Adtccove eXQelv 
irapa ^evBrjv irepl rov fiia&ov, koX oieaSat av ^evBrjv irel- 
aai • el Be firj, "Sevo^covra avv avra> irejiireiv, fcal avfiirpd- 
%etv vmayyelro • eBelro Be ra$ fccoiias fir) fcaietv. 20. *Ev- 
revQev irkfiirovai 'Bevo^covra koi avv avr& oi eBoKovv iirirr}- 
Beiorarov elvac. c O S' eXQoov Xeyet irpbs XevQrjV • 

21. OvBev diracrrjacov, & %ev3rj, irdpei/ai dXka BtBd^cov 
rjv Bvvcofiat o>9 ov Bifcatcos fiot rj^MaBrjs on, virep rcov arpa- 
tlcqtcdv dirrjrovv ae a irpoBvficos virea%ov avrols ' aol yap 
eycoye ov% rjrrov evofit^ov av/jicfrepov elvat diroBovvai rj e/ceL- 
vcis diro\a{3ecv, 22. Ilp&rov fiev yap olBa fiera rovs Qeovs 
eh rb fyavepov ae rovrovs KaraarrjaavraSi eirel ye /3aai\ea 
ae iiroiTjaav iroWrjs %cbpa$ koi iroWoov avSpcoircov • coare 
ov% olov re aoi \av3-dvetv ovre rjv re /caXbv ovre rjv ri al- 
a%pbv iroLTjarjs* 23. Toiovray S' ovri dvBpl fieya /iev fioi 
eBoicev elvat, /itj Botcetv d^aptarcos diroirefityaaQai avBpas 



LIB. VII. CAP. VII. 205 

evepyeras, pueya S' ev d/coveLV virb e^a/cLcryCkicov avS-pcoircov • 
to Be fiiyccTTOV purjBapco^ dirLCTTOV aavrbv /caracTTr\cTaL 6 tl 
XeyoL$. 24:. r Opco yap tcov p,ev dirlaTcov fiaracovs teal dBvvd- 
tovs /cal drLfiovs tou9 Xoyov? irXavcopuevov? • o't S' dv cj^avepol 
coctlv dXi'fteiav dcr/covvTes, tovtcov ol XoyoL, r\v tl BecovTaL, 
oiBev pelov Bvvavrcu dvvcracr&aL r) aXXcov r) (3 la • rjv ri TLva<$ 
crcocppovt^eLV /3ovXcovrac, ycyvcocr/cco rd$ tovtcov direikas ov^ 
rjTTOv crcocf)povL%ovcras rj aXXcov to rjBrj /coXd^eLV ' r)v Te tco tl 
VTrLcryycovTaL ol tolovtol dvBpe?, ovBev pelov BiairpaTTOVTai i) 
&XXol Trapayjpr)iia StSovre?. 25. 'AvapLVijcrfhjTL Be koX ctv tl 
irpoTeXecras r)plv crvpfid^ov^ r)pd^ eA,a/3e?. Olcr& otl ov- 
Bev ■ dXXd 7TLcrTev3-el<; dXrf^evaeiv a eXeye<z eirr)pa^ toctovtovs 
dv^pci)7rovs crvcrTpaTevcraahal Te /cal crvytcaTepydcracr^al ctol 
dpXV v oi) TptdfcovTa povov d^lav TaXdvTcov, ocra ocovTaL Becv 
ovtol vvv diroXaftelv, dXXd nroXXaTrXacrlcov. 26. Ov/covv 
tovto pev 7rpa)Tov to TTiG-Tevea^al ere to /cal ti)V fiacnXeiav 
ctol /carepyacrdpevov tovtcov tcov ^prjfiaTCOV virb crov irnrpd- 
CfceTac. 27. "IS i Br/ dvapbvrjcr^rjTL 7rco? fieya r)yov TOTe /ca- 
Tairpd^acr^ai a vvv /caTacrTpetydpLevos e%££9. 'Eyco puev ev 
oW otl ev^co dv Ta vvv Treirpaypueva pbdXXov croi KaTarrpa^- 
^rjvai r) iroXKarfkdcria tovtcov tcov ^pr/pLaTcov yevecr^aL. 28. 
Efjbol Tolvvv pel^ov /3Xd/3o$ fcal aicryiov Botcei elvat to TavTa 
vvv fir/ fcaTao-%€tv i) TOTe jxr) XaBeZv, ocrcoirep %aXeircoTepov e/c 
ttXovctlov irevrjTa yevecr^at r) ttjv dpyj]V pbr) irXovTr)craL • /cal 
ocrco XvTrrjpoTepov e/c (3acrt\eco<; IBlcottjv cf>avr)vat f) dpyjqv /jlt) 
fiacnXevcrai. 29. Ov/covv eTrlaTacrai puev otl ol vvv ctol vttv}- 
kool yevopbevoL ov cpLXlq rfj erf) eirelcT^7]cTav virb crov ctp^e- 
cr^saL dXX' dvdy/crj' /cal otl eiriyeLpolev dv ttoKlv eXexf^epoL 
yvyvecr^aL, el pur} tl$ avTovs <^>6/3o9 /caTe^oL. 30. TIoTepcos 
ovv oieL pdXXov dv cfzoftelcfeal re avTovs /cal c\>povelv Ta irpos 
ere, eL opcoev ctol tou9 crTpaTLcoTas ovtco BLa/ceipbevov<; o>9 vvv 
Te pevovTa? dv el crv /ceXevoL?, av^k t dv Ta%v ek^ovTas el 
BeoL, aXXovs re tovtcov irepl crov d/covovTa$ TroXXa dya^rd 
Tayy dv ctol oiroTe fiovXoto Trapayevecr^aL' r) el /caTaBo^d- 
creLav prjTe dv aXXovs ctol iX&eiv Bl dirLCTTiav e/c tcov vvv 



206 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

yeyevrj/ievcov tovtov? re ccvtols evvovGTepov? elvav rj goi ; 
31. 'AXXd p,r)v ovSev TrXrj^ei ye r)fjicov XetcpfoevTes virel^dv 
goi, dXXd irpoGTaTcov diropia. Ovkovv vvv zeal tovto klvSv- 
1/09 (irj Xd/3coGC irpoardra^ avroyp Tivas tovtcov oc vo/jll^ovglv 
vtto gov dSacelG^ai, rj ko\ tovtcov fcpetTTOva? Toi>$ Aatcehat- 
fioviovs, eav ol jaev GTparicoTai viriGyycovTai irpcfov/JLOTepov 
clvtoIs crvGTpaTevecr^ac, av tcl irapa gov vvv dvairpd^coGiv, 
ol he Aa/ceSatfjiovLOL hia to SecG^ac ti)s GTpcurias GwaiveGco- 
glv avToh tclvto,. 32. "Oti ye firjv ol vtto goI Opatce? yevo- 
fievoL 7ro\v av nrpo^vfJiOTepov cocev iirl Ge rj gvv goI ovfc ahrj- 
Xov ■ gov /lev yap KpaTovvTos hovXeia virdpyei avTols • tcpa- 
Tovfjbevov Be gov eXev^epla. 33. El he Kal T/79 'ftcopas irpo- 
voetG^ai rjSr) tl Sec o>9 cn?9 ovgt)*;, TTOTepcos av oiei aTra^rj 
fcatccov fxaXKov avTrjv elvac el ovtoc ol GTparicoTai diroXa- 
fiovTe? a iy/caXovGtv elpTjvrjv KaTaXiirovTes olyoiVTO, rj el 
ovtol re \ievoiev <£)9 ev TroXefila gv Te aXXov? ireipcpo 7rXeio- 
va$ tovtcov ej(cov dvTiGTpaToireheveG^ai heo/jLevov? tcov eirc- 
Tiyheicov ; 34. ^Apyvpiov Se 7TOTepco<; av irXelov dvaXco^eirj, 
el tovtols to 6cj)et\6fievov diroho^elrj, rj el TOVTa T€ dcfyecXocTO 
aXXovs Te rcpeiTTovas tovtcov heov Ge fiLG^ovG^ac ; 35. 
'AXXa yap J Hpa/cXeiBrj, o>9 7rpo9 e/ie ehrjXov, TrdpbiroXv hotcel 
tovto to dpyvpiov elvai, *H jjlt)v 7toXv ye Igtw eXaTTov vvv 
goi kgX Xafielv tovto koX dirohovvai, rj irplv rjfias eX^eiv 7rpo9 
Ge, to Se/caTov tovtov fiipo?. 36. Ov yap dpfafios €gtlv 6 
opi^cov to ttoXv koX to oXlyov, dXX* r) hvva/Jbi^ tov Te diroht- 
S0Z/T09 fcal tov Xa/ji/SdvovTos. Sol Se vvv r) /caT ev avTov 
irpoGohos irXeicov eGTai rj epurpoG^ev Ta irapovTa a efcefCTrj- 
go, 37. *Eyco fieVy 60 SevSr), TavTa ct>9 cptXov 6Vro9 goi Trpo- 
evoov/jLTjv, 07T&)9 gv Te a^09 Sokoit]? elvac cov ol Qeol Got eSco- 
Kav dya&cov eyoo Te fjirj Stacj>^ape(r]v ev ttj GTpaTia, 38. Ev 
yap lgQc oti vvv eyco ovt av e^Bpbv fiovXojAevo? tca/cco? iroir)- 
Gai SvvrjS-elrjv gvv TavTrj tj) GTparia ovt av ec goi irdXvv 
ftovXolfjLrjv fiorjBTJGai, l/cavb$ civ yevotfirjv. Ovtco yap irpos 
fie r) GTpaTia StdfcecTat. 39. KaiTOi avTov Ge fidpTvpa gvv 
Qeols elhoGi iroiovpai oti ovTe e%a> irapa gov eVl toIs GTpa- 



LIB. VII. CAP. VII. 207 

TlCDTdtS OvBeV OVT6 fjTTJGa 7ra)7T0T€ €t9 TO iBiOV TCL i/CetVCOV 

ovre a VTreG^ov l 101 * dirrfrrfGa. 40. "Ofivvfii Be Got firjB' 
diroBtBovTO^ Se^aaS-at civ, el fir] /cal oi GTpartcorat efieWov 
ra eavTcov Gwa7ro\afi(3dvetv. Ala^pbv yap r)v ra fiev ifia 
BtaTreirpd^at, tcl Be e/cetvcov irepttBelv ifie /ca/cco$ eyovra 

oXkC0$ T€ KCU TiflCOfieVOV VTT ifCeCVOQV. 41. KatTOL *HpCUc\€L- 

Brj ye \rjpos irdvTa Bo/cel elvat 727309 to dpyvptov eyeiv etc irav- 
T09 Tpoirov • eyco Be, & SevQrj, ovBev vofiCCco dvBpl aWcos re 
/cal apjfovTL /cdWtov elvat /crrjfia ovBe Xa/urpoTepov dperrfi 
teal Bt/catoGVV7]s /cal yevvatoTrjros. 42. c O yap ravra e%cov 
irXovret fiev ovrcov cpiXcov ttoXKcov, ifXovrel Be teal aXKcov 
/3ov\ofievcov yeveoSai • fcal ev fiev irpdrrcov eyet rov<$ gvvt}- 
crSvjcro/jLevovs, iav Be rt GcpaXfj, ov cnravi^ei rcov j3orj^rja6v' 
rcov, 43. ^A\\a yap el firjTe etc rcov eficov epycov /carifiaS-es 
ort aoi ifc 7-7)9 ^1/^9 cptXo? rjv, firjre i/c rcov eficov Xoycov Bv- 
vaaai rovro yvcovat, dXXa rov$ rcov Grpartcorcov Xoyovs rrdv- 
ra)9 /caravorjGOV • rraprjG&a yap /cal rj /coves, a eXeyov oi tye- 
yeiv ifie ftovXofievot. 44. Karrjyopovv yap fiov irpbs Aa/ce- 
Batfiovlovs co9 ce irepl TrXelovos 7roto(firjv rj AaxeBat fiov lows • 
avrol K eve/cdXovv ifiol a>9 fiaXkov fieXot fiot ottcos tcl era 
/caXcos eyoi r) ottcos tcl eavrcov ecfzaaav Be fie /cal Bcopa e'yeiv 
rrapa gov. 45. Kairot ra Bcopa ravra irorepov ocet avroij? 
/ea/covotdv riva eviBovras fiot rrpbs ere alriaoSai fie eyetv 
rrapa gov rj Trpo&vfiiav TroXXrjv irepl ae Karavorjaavra^ ; 
46. ^Eyco /lev ol/iac rravras av^pcoirov^ vofit^etv evvoiav Belv 
airoiceZcr&ai, rovrco Trap* ov av Bcopa rt$ Xa/iftdvr]. Xv Be, 
rrplv fiev virr\perr\Gai ri croc e/ie iBe^co rjBecos /cal ofipacrt /cal 
epeovfj ical %evlois /cat ocra ecrocro vmayyoviievos ov/c eveiriLi- 
irXaao • errel Be Kareirpa^as a e/3ov\ov teal yeyevr)trai ogov 
eyco eBvvdfi7]v fieyicrros, vvv ovrco fie drifiov ovra ev rots 
cTTpaTicorais ro\fias irepiopav ; 47. 'AXka firjv on ctol Bo- 
^ei diroBovvat Tricrrevco /cal rbv y^povov BiBa^eiv ere /cal avrov 
, ye ere ovyl dve^ecrS-ao rou9 crol rrpoefievovs evepyealav opcovrd 
\ Got iy/eaXovvras. Aeofiai ovv gov, orav aTroBiBcps, Trpo&v- 



208 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 






fJL6L(T^aC €/JL6 TTUpa TOLS <TTpaTLCDTCU<; TOLOVTOV TTOirjGCU, OLOV- 

irep teal TrapeXafie?. 

48. ^Afeovaa? ravra 6 .S'eu^T?? KarrjpdaaTO tco alrlco rov 
fir) Trakat aTrohehoa^at tov fita^ov teal irdvTes *HpaKXei8rjv 
tovtov vircoirTevaav eivai • *Eyco yap, ecprj, ovre Stevorj^rjv 
nrcoiroTe airocrreprjaaL diroScoaco re. 49. 'EvTevfeev irdXiv 
eiirev 6 aevocf>cov. ^Eirel tolwv Bcavofj diro8b86vai vvv iyco 
gov Seofiat 8b i/JLov a7ro8b86vab, teal fir) irepahelv /ae 8bd ere 
avojULoloos eyovra iv rfj arparia vvv re teal ore 7rpo? ae dcpbKo- 
fji€^a. 50. O 8' elrrev 'AXXd ovre toIs trTpaTbcoTabS eery 8b 
i/jL€ artfjiOTepos • civ re fievys Trap ijubol %bX(ovs fiovov? birXi- 
ra<? e^cov^ iyco aob rd re %copla dwoScocrco teal ra\Xa a vire- 
<t%6{j[,7]v. 51. f O 8e irdXbV elire ■ Tavra /mev e%ebv ovtcos ov% 
olov re ■ dirbirepme 8e r)/ids. Kal fitfv, ecf>r) 6 Sev§7]$ 7 teal 
dcrcfraXeaTepov ye crob 618a bv nrap ifxol fievebv r) dmivai. 
52. O 8e irdXbv eiirev • 'AXXd ttjv fiev ar)v irpovoiav iirabvco • 
ifjiol 8e /xevebv ov% olov re • oirov 8' civ iyco ivTbfjLOTepo? co, 
v6fjLt%€ teal aol tovto dya^bv eaeafeac, 53. 'EvTev^ev Xeyet \ 
Sev^rjs* 'Apyvpbov fiev ovk eyco a\V r) fiitcpov Tb, teal tovto 
aoi SiScojbLL, TaXavTov /3o£>? 8' e^aKocriovs Kal irpbfiaTa eh I 
TeTpaKivyjXia tccu dv8pdiro8a eh eitcocri Kal eKaTov. TavTa \ 
Xaficov Kal Tot>9 tcov dSbKrjcrdvTCOV ae ofjbrjpov^ 7rpoo~Xa/3cov 
airfei. 54. TeXdaas 6 'Sevocpcov eiirev *Hv ovv fir) e^LKvr)- 
Tat TavTa eh tov jmct^ov, tivo<$ TcikavTOv cftrjaco e^eiv ; *Ap 
ovKj e7rei8r) Kal eiriKiv8vvbv fiol icrTtv, dinbvTa ye afiewov 
cj)vXaTTea^aL ireTpov^ ; v HKove<; 8e ra? direiXds. ToTe /xev 
8rj avTov e/jbecve. 

55. Tfj 8" vaTepala direScoKe re avToh a virea^eTO Kal 
tov<z TavTa eXdaovTas crvveirefx-^rev. 01 8e aTpaTicoTat Teey? 
pbev eXeyov a>? aevocficov olyoiTO &>9 Sev^rjv otKrjacov Kal a 
VTrea^eTO avTco d7roXr)\}r6p,evo<; • €7rel Se avTov rjKOVTa elSov, 
ya^rjerdv Te Kal irpoae^eov. 56. ttevocfioov 8' €7rel elSe Xap- : 
fjblvov Te Kal IIoXvvlkov, TavTa, ecf>r), Kal aecrcoa-Tac 8l tyxa? 
ttj GTpaTia Kal irapa8l8co(jLL avTa iyco v/jllv • vfxeh 8e 8ia^e- 
[Jbevov 8id8oTe ttj crTpaTia. 01 fiev ovv 7rapaXa/36vTe$ Kal 



LIB. VII. CAP. VIII. 209 

Xa(f)vpoircoXa<; Karaarrjaavre^ iircoXovv, Kal 7roXXr)v elyov 
air lav. 57. Aevocpcov Se ov irpoarjei, dXXd cfravepbs rjv o'Uahe 
7rapacTKeva%6{jLevo<; • ov yap irco ^?)(£o? avrQ> iirrjKro ^A^tfvTjat 
irepl fyvyrjs. UpoaeX^sovres oe avr5> oi eirirrjEecoi, iv tg3 
arparoireSco iSeovro /xi] direX^elv irplv dv diraydyou to arpd- 
rev/Act Kal ©iftpcovc irapaho'n]. 



CAP. VIII. 

1. ^Evreifeev SteirXevaav eh Adfi-^aKOv* Kal diravra t&> 
ZevocjicovTL Ev/cXeiSTjs jiclvti? ^Xlclctlos KXeayopov vlbs rod rd 
ivvirvta iv Avkeig) yey pafyoros. Ovros cvvrjSero rco ttevo- 
(J)covtl on iaeacoaro ■ Kal rjpcora avrbv irbalrv ^pvcriov ej(p&. 
2. O 8' avra) iirojjLoaas elirev rj firjv eaea^ac pL7]o' i<p68iov 
iKavov o'Uahe dircovrt, el firj diroSoiro top fonrov Kal d d/icpl 
avrbv el^ev. 3. c O 8' avra) ovk iirlarevev. 'Eirel 8' eirepi- 
tyav Aa/jLyjraKTjvol %kvia rep zevocficovrt, Kal Sbve tw 'AiroXXco- 
vc } rrapeanqaaro rbv EvKXetSrjv IScov 8e rd lepela 6 EvKXel- 
S779 elirev on irefoocro air (5 fir] elvai xpijfiara. 'AXX* olSa 
ecpr], ore kclv pieXXrj irore. eaea^at^ cbacverai n i/uirooiov, edv 
fiTjOev dXXo, crv aavrcp. SvvcopLoXoyec ravra 6 Sevocpcov. 4. 
'0 8' elirev • 'EpLiroStos yap aoc 6 Zev<z 6 MeiXfyios iart ■ Kal 
eirrjpero el 77877 irore ^vcrecev. coairep o'ikoc, why, elcc&eiv iyco 
vfilv ^vecr^ai Kal oXoKavrelv. *0 8e ovk etfir) e£ orov direhrj- 
fjLrjae re^svKevai rovrco rep ^ec3. Swe/3ovXevuev ovv avrco 
^veor^ac [/cat] a ela&eL, Kal ecpr] avvoicreiv eirl to /3eXrLov. 
5. Tfj 8' varepaia 6 aevocpcov irpoeX^cbv eh 'Ocfipvvtov e^vero 
Kal aiXoKavrei ^olpov^ rep irarpicp vofup ' Kal eKaXXtepei. 6. 
Kal ravrrj rfj rj/iepa dcfuKveirac Bircov Kal d\xa EvKXelSi]? 
^prjfjLara Scoaovres tg3 arparevpLaTi ■ Kal %evovvrai re tg3 
&evo<fici)VTL Kal tmrov ov iv Aafiyfrd/ap direSoro irevrrjKovra 
SapetKOJVy viroTTTevov-es avrbv 81 evSeiav ireirpaKevai, on 
tjkovov avrbv rjSea^ac rco Tmnp, Xvad/xevoL direBoaav Kal rr)v 
TL/JLrjv ovk ifoeXov diroXaf3eiv. 



. 



210 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

7. 'EvT€V^€V eiTOpeVOVTO hid Tt)? TprpdSoS, Kal V7T€pj3dvT€$ 

ttjv 'Ihrjv eh * Avravhpov dcfriKVOvvrai Trpcorov • elra rrapd 
^dXarrav rropevo/xevoi rrjs Avhtas eh Orjfir]? irehiov. 8. 
'Evrev^ev hi ^ Ar papuvrr iov Kal Keprcovov Trap* ' Arapvea eh 
Ka'ikov irehiov iX^ovre? Tlepyafiov tear oka jjl (3 dv overt rrj? Mv- 
alas. 

^Evraifea hrj ^evovrai pievocpebv irap *EXXdhi rfj Toyyv- 
Xov rod 'Eperpieco? yvvaiKi Kal Topyicovo? Kal ToyyvXov 
fxrjrpi. 9. Avttj §' clvtg) (frpd^ei on ^Aaihdrrj? earlv ev rco 
irehicp dvr\p lie par]? • rovrov efyri avrov, el eX^foi rrj? WKrb? 
crvv rpiaKoaioi? dvhpdcri, Xafteiv av Kal avrov zeal yvvaiKa 
zeal rralha? teal ra ^prjfjiara ■ elvai Be rroXXd. Tavra he 
Ka^fTjyrjcrofJbevovs eirepi'^re rbv re avrrj? dvetywv /cal Aa<fivayo- 
pav, bv ire pi ir^keiarov eiroielro. 10. "E^cov ovv 6 Sevocj)cov 
rovrov? Trap eavrco e^vero. Kal Bacria? 6 *HXeio$ fidvri? 
irapcbv elirev on KaXXicrra eirj ra lepa avra> Kal 6 dvrjp dXco- 
cri/Jio? elrj, 11. Aeiirvrjaa? ovv eiropevero rov? re Xo^ayov? 
rov? fidXiara (f)iXov? XajScbv /cal rnarov? yeyvrj jnevov? Sea 
rravrb?^ 07ra)9 ev TTOtrjcrai avrov?. ^vve^epyovrai he avr<p 
Kal dXXoi fttacrd/JLevot eh e^aKoatov? ■ oi he Xo^ayol dirrfXav- 
vov, iva fir) fjueraholev rb piepo?, oo? erolficov hr) ^prjfxdrayv. 

12. 'Eirel he d(j>tKOvro irepl pueaa? vvKra?, rd fiev Trip if* 
ovra dvhpdiroha rrj? rvpaio? Kal ^piipiara rd rrXelara direhpa 
avrov? rrapafxeXovvra?, oj? rbv ^Aaihdrrjv avrbv Xdfioiev Kal 
ra eKelvov. 13. TJv pyopia^ovvre? S' eirel ovk ihvvavro Xafieiv 
rrjv rvporiv, v-^rrjXrj yap rjv Kal jjieydXrj Kal irpopba^eoovas Kal 
dvhpa? itoXXov? Kal \xayjnxov? e^ovaa^ hiopvrreiv eire^eipriaav 
rbv irvpyov. 14. c O he roi^o? rjv eirl OKrco ttXlv^cov yrj'tvcov 
rb evpo$. r/ A/jia he rfj rjf^epa hiopcopvKro ■ Kal o>9 rb Trpcorov 
hiecpdvT], eirdra^ev evho^ev ftovirbpcp ri? 6j3eXlaKO) hia/jurepe? 
rbv fjiTjpbv rod eyyvrdrco • rb he Xoiirbv eKro^evovre? erroiovv 
fxrjhe irapievai en da(f)aXe$ elvai. 15. KeKpayorcov 8' avrcov 
Kal irvpcrevovrcov eK^OT^ovaiv 'Ira/3eXio? puev e%cov rrjv eav- 
rov huvajLt7)v, eK Kofiavia? he birXlrai 'Aaavpioi Kal r TpKavioi 
i7T7rei? Kal ovroi fiaaiXeco? fiia^ocbopoi do? 6yhorjKovra } Kal 



LIB. VII. CAP. VIII. 211 

dXXot TreXraaral els oKTaKocrlovs ' aXXoc S' itc Ilap^eviov, 
aXXoc S' e£ 'AiroXXcovias Kal iic tcov ttXt^glov ^coplcov teal 
iirireZs. 

16. *Evraifea Srj topa r)V GKOirelv nrcos earat rj dcf)ohos' 
Kal \a/36vT€$ oaoc rjaav /36es Kal 7Tp6j3ara rfkavvov /cat ra 
dvhpdiroha eWo? TrXatalov Troaqadpevoi ■ ov tols yj)r)\ia<Jiv 
ovtco ir p oa kyo VTes rov vovv, dXXd pur] (frvyr) elr) rj cicfrohos, el 
KaTakLTrovTes To, xpijpaTa aTTiotev, Kal oi re iroXeptot ^pacrv- 
repot elev Kal oi crrparccoTac cfevporepoi • vvv he drrrjecrav cos 
irepl tcov xprj/AciTGOv pbayovp^evoi. 17. ^Eirel he ecopa Toyyv- 
Xos oXtyovs pev rots "EXXrjvas, ttoXXovs he tovs eTTLKeipevovs, 
€^epx €TaL KaL avrbs /3la ttjs pijTpbs eyav ri]v eavrov hvvapiv, 
ftovXopevos p^eTaayelv rod epyov ' crvveftorfhei he fcal TIpo- 
/eXrjs ef ^AXtcrdpvrjs teal Tev^pavtas 6 aTrb Aa/Jbapdrov. 18. 
Oi he ire pi 'EevocfrcovTa eirel nrdvv ijhrj eirieCpvTO vtto tcov 
To^evpLarcov teal ac^evhovcov, iropevopevoi kvkXco, ottcos ra oirXa 
eyoiev irpb tcov TotfevpaTcov, pcoXcs hiafiaivovcri top KdcKov 
TTorapov, rerpcopbivoc eyytf? oi rjplcrecs. 19. 'EvTaifea teal 
'Ayaacas SrvpL(j)dXcos Xoyaybs TLTpcocrtceTai, top irdvra %po- 
vov pbayppevos 7rpbs tovs iroXepbiovs. Kal htaaco^ovTac dvhpd- 
iroha cos ScaKocrca e^ovTes teal 7Tp6/3ara oaov ^vpara. 

20. Trj he varepata ^svadpbevos 6 ttevocpcov e^dyec vvtcrcop 
Trdv to crTpdTevpa, oircos otl pLafcpoTaTTjv eX^ot ttjs Avhtas, 
coaTe prj hid to eyyvs elvac (fiofieccr^ac. dXX d<fivXatcTeiv. 21. 
O 8' ' AaihdTrjs aKovaas otl ttoXlv eir avTov Te^vpiivos eir\ 
&evocf>cov teal iravrl tco GTpaTevpaTi r)^oi, e£avXl£eTac els tcco- 
pas V7rb to Ilap^evLOp iroXiapLa eypvaas. 22. ^EvTaifea oi 
ire pi &evo<fi(x)PTa avvTvyxjdvovGLV avT<x> Kal Xapb/3dvovaiv av- 
tov Kal yvvaiKa Kal iralhas Kal tovs Xttttovs Kal irdvTa tc\ 
ovTa • Kal ovtco Ta nrpoTepa iepd dire^rj. 23. ^EireiTa irdXiv 
d(f>LKVovvTac els Uepyapov. 'EvTav^a top ^ebv ovk rjTidcraTO 
o Hevofyiov GVveTrpaTTov yap Kal oi AaKaves Kal oi Xoyayol 
Kai oi aXXoc GTpaTrjyol Kal oi GTparmTai coaTe e^aipeTa 
Xapfidveiv Kal lttttovs Kal ^evyrj Kal TaXXa ■ coaTe Uavov 
eivai Kal dXXov rjhr] ev irocecv. 24. 'jE/e tovtov Qifipcov 



212 EXPEDITIO CYRI. 

irapayevofievo^ TrapeXafie to o-rpdrev/jia teal cvfxfii^a<; tg> 
6XK(p *EXkr}viK(o iiroXefiec irpos Tiaaa^>epvr]V teal $apvd- 
/3a%ov. 

25. "Ap^ovres Be o r tBe t?}? fiao-iXecos %a>pa? oarjv eV^A^o- 
fxev. AvBla? *ApTijJLas • <Ppvyia$ 'ApTa/capa? • Av/caovia? 
/cat KairTrahoicias MfepiBdrrj? • KCkiKias SueWecrt? " $oivl- 
ktjs teal 'Apafiias Aepvrjs • Xvplas teal ^Aaavpta^ BeXecrvs* 
Ba(3vX5)VO<$ 'PcoTrdpa^ • MrjBcas 'Apfid/cas • $acnavcov /cat 
c Ea7repLTcbv Tr)pi/3a%o$ • KapBovypt Be teal Xa\u/3e? /cat 
XaXBatoi tcai Mdfcpcove? teal KoXyot teal Moaavvoucoi koli 
Kolrat fcal Tt/3ap7]vol avrovofiot ■ IIa(f)Xayovla^ KopvXa? * 
Bfavv&v ^apvd^aCp^* twv iv Evpco7rrj Qpaicwv 5euS?7?. 

26. 'Apfofios Be <jV(Airday]<$ tt}? 68oi) t^? dvaftdaews fcal 
KCLTa/3dcreQ)<; ara^/uiol Btafcoatoc Se/ea7rez>Te, irapaadyyav yi- 
Xiov etcarov irevTrjKovra 7revre, ardhia Tpivyuvpia TeTpcuacr- 
yiXia e^cLKoaia irevrrjicovTo. Xpovov ttXtJ^o? 7% dvaftdaecos 
fcal fcaTa(3dcreco$ iviavrbs teal rpefc i&fjves. 



NOTES. 



BOOK I. 

CHAPTEK I. 

1. Aapefov, Darius Ochus or Nothus (v6&os), so called because he was an 
illegitimate son of Artaxerxes. He was the second king of Persia bearing 
that name. The following is a tabular list of the Persian monarchs, with the 
length of their respective reigns, from the Medo-Persian union to the termina- 
tion of the empire : 



B. C. 


NAMES. 


YES. 


MOS. 


B.C. 


NAMES. 


YES. 


MOS. 


538 


Cyaxares II. 


2 




424 


Xerxes II. 




2 


536 


Cyrus 


7 




424 


Sogdianus 




7 


529 


Cambyses 


7 


5 


423 


Darius Nothus 


19 




522 


Smerdis 




7 


404 


Artaxerxes Mnemon 


46 




521 


Darius Hystaspis 


36 




1 353 


Darius Ochus 


21 




485 


Xerxes I. 


21 




j 337 


Arses 


2 




464 


Artaxerxes Longimanus 


40 


3 


325 


Darius Codomanus 


4 





After the disastrous expedition of Xerxes I. into Greece, the kingdom gradu- 
ally declined, until it was subverted by Alexander the Great. Many of the 

kings were weak, cruel, and licentious. Uapv(rdridos, Pary satis, both 

sister and wife of Darius. yiyvovrai. Historical present^were born. 

S. § 211. N. 1. ?ra?5es 8vo. Plutarch (Artax. i. 21) mentions several 

other children of Darius. According to Ctesias there were thirteen. 

s ApTa|ep|7?s, Artaxerxes, surnamed Mnemon from his retentive memory. He 
died in the ninety-fourth year of his age, being assassinated, as some say, by 
his son Ochus ; while others affirm, that he died of a broken heart in conse- 
quence of the unnatural treatment which he received from his sons. Kvpos, 

Cyrus, generally styled "the Younger," to distinguish him from the elder 
Cyrus whose history is given in the Cyropsedia. ah 5e. " These parti- 
cles," says Butt. (§ 149. p. 432), " serve to form a connection, like our in- 



214: NOTES. [Book i. 

deed — but ; yet are far more frequently employed than these English particles, 
which usually require a strong antithesis, while fj.hu and 5e only place two 
propositions or clauses in a connection, which with us is either not expressed 
at all, or at most by but alone." Cf. Mt. § 622. In this place Se is continua- 

tive, so that the force of jnhv cannot well be given in English. 'Eirel 5e. 

Here 5e is also continuative. Cf. Butt. § 149. p. 431. ifiovAero rob iraios 

ajxcporepco Trapsivou, he wished his children both to be present. The article has 
often the force of a possessive pronoun. See more fully N. on 5. § 15. For 
the construction, cf. S. § 221. 

2. odv serves in this place to express the external connection between the 

sentences. irapcov irvyxav*, happened to be present. Cf. H. § 805. 5. 

6 Trpetrfivrepos irap^v QTvyx^ve is put by prolepsis for tov Trpetrfivrepov irapzivcu 

eTuyxcwe. See N. on 2. § 8. Kvpov 5e ^Tairefiirerai, but he sends (S. 

§ 211. N. 1) for Cyrus to come to him (H. § 689. 2). To this sense of the 

mid. voice, airb ttjs apxos, from the government, conforms. S. § 235. 

apx'h, beginning, is here used in a tropical sense to designate the country of 
which Cyrus was satrap. "Saspissime dicitur de natione vel regione imperio 

satrapaB subjecta." Sturz. iiroi-qtr^ cbreoei£e. The aor. used for the plu- 

perf. Cf. Butt. § 137. 3; S. § 211. N. 4; Goodwin, § 19. N. 4. The title 
caTpdir7)s seems to have been bestowed upon a governor in his civil, and 

(TrptxTTiyos, in his military capacity. KacrrcoXov. In the Persian provinces 

certain plains were designated for military reviews, or the transaction of any 
business which required the assemblage of large bodies of men. The plain of 
Castolus was in Lydia. ava&atvei (§211. N. 1) — avefir). The histori- 
cal pres. is freely interchanged with the historic tenses. See H. § 699. 

avafiaivei is used of a journey to a celebrated city, or, as in the present in- 
stance, from the sea-coast into the interior. TLcrcTacpepv7]v, Tissaphernes, the 

same who announced to Artaxerxes the revolt of his brother. He commanded 
the left wing of the royal forces at Cunaxa, and for his good conduct on that 
occasion was rewarded with the hand of one of the king's daughters. He was 
mean, perfidious, and cruel, and at last came to an end worthy of his crimes, 

being beheaded by the king for his ill success in opposing Agesilaus. cos 

<pi\ov, " quern (inductus hominis versuti simulatione) amicum sibi putabat." 
Kriig. Cf. itpofiovj/ro cos iv&pap ovaav, V. 2. § 30, where cos has the same 

force. na\ — Se, and — also. t&v 'EAA'fivcov, of the Greeks who were in 

his pay. Notice the restrictive force of the article. H. § 527. SirXiras. 

Cf. N. on 2. § 2. UappdcTLoi/. The Parrhasii were a people in the south- 
western part of Arcadia. 

3. Karitrrri sis tV fiatTLAeiav, became established in the kingdom, i. e. in 
the royal authority. u rex factus est." Kriig. "regno potitus est." Sturz. 
Karicrry] signifies rest in a place, yet has here the idea of motion from its con- 
struction with els. Cf. Mt. § 578. a; S. § 235; H. § 618. a. SmPd\\ei 

rbv Kvpov npbs rbu adeAcphv cos iirifiovAGvoi avrcp, accuses Cyrus to his brother 



Chap. I. J NOTES. 215 

of plotting against him. 8ia(3dXXei, traduces; a tropical signification from 
the primitive meaning of the word, to transport, carry over, etc. Hence to 
deliver over to any one in words, to inform against one ; from which is de- 
rived the specific signification to accuse falsely, probably from the well-known 
fact, that an informer often calumniates those whom he accuses, dvs =3 to the 
effect that. H. § 875. a. iirifiovXevoi is put in the optative because 8ja/3aAAei 

is the historical present, C. §§ 608; 587. a; S. § 212. 3. e O 5e, i. e. the 

king. The article here = to the demons, pron. Cf. Butt. § 126. 4 ; S. § 166. 

re Kai, and also. "When re and kol\ are joined in the same member of 

sentence, re is copulative and kcl\ augmentative." Yig. p. 195. Cf. Butt. 
§ 149. p. 431. The king not only lent an ear to the false accusation made 

against his brother, but even went so far as to apprehend him. &s clttokt^- 

yuv, in order to put him to death. The fut, part, with d?s marks intention or 
purpose. Cf. Mt. § 568; H. §§ 789. d; 795. e. For the facility with which 
the Greeks could avail themselves of participles, where we should be obliged 
to employ verbs, cf. Butt. § 144. 4; S. § 225. 1. i^aLr^a-afievrj avTov, hav- 
ing by her entreaties obtai?ied his pardon; lit. having begged Mm off for her 
own sake. For this reflexive signification of the middle voice, cf. Mt. § 492. 
6; S. § 209. 2; H. § 689. 2. Parysatis had an unbounded influence over 
Artaxerxes. avrbv belongs also to airoirefxirei. 

!• &s airrjT&e, when he went away. The pluperf. {when lie had departed) 
was properly required here, but the relation of time being apparent from the 
context, the aorist is employed as the more favorite tense. Cf. Butt. § 187. 

N. 1 ; S. § 211. N. 14; H. § 706. See N. on § 2. onus fi-fjirore en, how 

never after, that never for the future. M tw a8eA$o>, in the power of his 

brother. For this use of iiri, cf. Mt. § 585. b; H. § 640. a avr enelj/ov, 

instead of him. fihv d-f}, and in truth, fxhu has here the sense of ^v. See 

H. § 852, 13. vTrTjpx^ r$ Kvpco, favored Cyrus, i. e. espoused his cause and 

favored his designs. 

5. ocrns — iravras. A plural antecedent is often followed by the relative 
singular, in order to individualize the expression (Mt. § 475. a; C. § 720. 
K 1), when any one of the preceding number is referred to, without being 

specifically designated. Cf. Mt. § 475. a. twv irapa fiacrLXeas, lit. of those 

from the king, i. e. the king's courtiers, or messengers. Kriig. says, that by 
a kind of attraction, r&v irapa fiacriXitos = r&v irapa fiaffiXe? irapa PaaiXicos. 

Cf. Mt, § 596. ovrca foand-efs, thus disposing them (by his favors). 

Kal rcov irap" kavrcp 5e fiapfSdpwv iirefjLeXeTro &s, is put proleptically for 

iT€fj.€\e7ro ws ot ftdpfiapoi, k. t. X. See N. on 2. § 21. For the construction 
of the gen. cf. H. § 576; C. 558. 5. The Greeks were in the habit of calling 
all other people barbarians. cvpo'Ckcos %x 0l * v avTa, might be favorably dis- 
posed towards him. exew with adverbs literally signifies, to have one's self, 
to be circumstanced =: slvai, to be ; e. g. KaX&s #x € '> ^ ^ s we ^ > o^vvdras *X eiu i 
to be unable. Cf. Butt. § 150. p. 445 ; S. § 195. 1 ; H. § 792. b. He wisely 



216 NOTES. [Book I. 

began his warlike preparations, by making his subjects good soldiers and zeal- 
ous friends. 

6. The course which Cyrus adopted to strengthen his army by invitiug the 
Greeks to join his standard, was well planned, and in the issue would have 
crowned his arms with success, had he not fallen at Cunaxa in the moment of 
victory. The manner in which he eluded the sagacity of his enemies, while 
raising these forces, shows him to have been a consummate politician as well 

as an able commander. dvj/afxiu, force, abstract for concrete. The article 

is here employed, either because the achievements of the Greek forces are the 
principal theme of the subsequent books, or from the notoriety of their con- 
nection with the expedition of Cyrus. Cf. S. §167. rj^poi^v. The im- 

perf. denotes continuance of action. S. § 211. 5. &s ixaXurra idvyaro 

iirLKpvKTopevos, as secretly as possible. &s with the superlative, is often joined 
with words signifying ability, possibility, etc. Cf. Mt. § 461 ; S. § 159. 5. 

The reason for this secrecy is given in the next clause. on like &s 

strengthens the superlative. SirSo-as ^Kdarois. The order is iraptiyyeiXe 

ro7s <f>povpdpxois iado-Tois twv <pv\aK&v oTroaas eTxe k. t. A. Cf. V. 4. § 30, for 
an example of the same construction. <pv\cucds, guards, abstract for con- 
crete, a figure of such frequent occurrence as to require no further notice ex- 
cept in special cases. civdpas Ue\oirovyr}(riovs 9 Peloponnesians. S. § 156. 

1ST. 5. Reference is had especially to the Arcadians, who, as Prof. Boise re- 
marks, were employed more than any other Greeks as mercenaries. cos 

iirifiovXevoi/Tos Tio'o'acbepvovSj under pretence that Tissaphernes was plotting, 
or because (as he pretended) Tissaphernes was plotting. Kriig. says, that ws is 
used here, de re qua? prcetextitur, and makes ws iirifSovXsvovTOs == 7rpo^a(n(6/JLe- 
vos oti €7n&ov\€voi. For the construction of o>s with the particip. cf. Mt. § 568 ; 
Butt. § 144. N. 14 ; S. § 225. 4. The student should carefully mark the uses 

and significations of this particle. yap in the next clause introduces the 

reason why Tissaphernes might be supposed to have designs upon those cities, 
viz., because they anciently belonged to him, but had then revolted to Cyrus. 
y dp, for, " never stands at the beginning of a proposition, but instead of it koI 
yap is employed like etenim in Latin. The proposition, of which that with 
yap assigns the cause, is often omitted, it being so easily understood that it is 

passed over by the speaker in the vivacity of his discourse." Mt. § 615. 

^cav* The imperf. is frequently used for the pluperf. when it signifies the 
long continuance or frequent repetition of an action. Cf. II. 1. § 6 ; VI, 3. 

§ 22. to ap%awv, formerly, long before. The neut. art. is put adverbially 

with adjectives and substantives. e/c (SacriXsws, by the king. With passive 

verbs 4k is used instead of virb with the genitive. S. § 231 ; H. § 624. c. 

Mi\f}Tov. Miletus was a large and flourishing city in the northern part of 
Caria, opposite the mouth of the Mseander. 

?• irpoai(r&6fAei/os ra avra ravra ^ovXcvojjlwvs, perceiving beforehand that 
(certain of the citizens) were forming the same design. For the construction 



Cnxr. I.] NOTES. 217 

| of j8oi/Aei/o,ueVoi>s, cf. S. § 225. 7. By supplying rtvas and joining it with 
f}ov\evo l u<Ei'ovs to eV Mi\r)T(t), the statement will harmonize with the one made, 

0. § 9. airoa-TTJuaL irpbs Kvpov explains ra avra ravra in the preceding 

clause. Cf. Mt. § 532. d. A word or clause thus added by way of explana- 
tion is called epexegetical. robs fxkv — robs 8', some — others. viroXa- 

fiwv, receiving, i. e. taking under his protection. robs (pevyovras, the exiles. 

(pevya among other significations has this, i" am an exile. Hence the pres. 

part, (pevywv = one who lives in exile, an exile. naraysiv, to restore. Kara 

in composition often signifies return or restitution. Cf. Yig. p. 246. robs 

ifcire-TrrcoKoras, those who had been banished = the exiles. aWrj irp6<pacris, 

another pretext. 

8. ril'iov a$<z\<pbs tav avrov, he thought it was fit {a\ios in the verb), inas- 
much as he was his brother. a$e\(pbs &v avrov do^?]vai ol, for do&rjvai ol 

a5sA<i>£ ovn avrov. adeXcpbs is in the nominative by attraction with the 

omitted subject of riliov. do&rjvai ol, should be given to him, i. e. placed 

under his command. fxaTO^ov rj, rather than. ravra. S. § 182; H. 

§ 549. wo-re, so that, here takes the indicative because the result is to be 

denoted as one of certainty. S. § 218. 3 ; H. § 771. iirifiovX-fis, snare, 

plot, alo-^dyo^ai is more usually constructed with the accusative. Cf. Mt. 

§349. Obs. 2. avrov, i.e. Cyrus. iroX^ixovvra, by carrying on war. 

The participle frequently expresses the means by which the principal action is 

performed. Cf. S. § 225. 3 ; H. § 789. b. a t a(p\ ra arpar^vtxara Sa-rravav, 

would expend his treasures upon his troops. So Sturz, Bornemann, and Pop- 
po. ovShv tfx&eTo, was not displeased = was highly pleased. The affirma- 
tion of a tiling by the denial of the contrary, is a rhetorical figure of frequent 
occurrence called litotes. It could not be otherwise than grateful to the king 
to learn, that his ambitious brother was expending his strength and treasures 
in petty strifes with the satraps of his realm. For the construction of i]x^ ero 
avrwv -rroXeijLovvruv, cf. S. § 193; H. §§ 577. a; 800. 5; C. §846.5. This 

verb is sometimes followed by the dative. Cf. TIL 5. § 7. ovdev, in 

nothing, is the accus. synecd. and stronger than ov, not. — : — na\ yap, for 

also, introduces another reason for the unconcern of the king. yiyvoixi- 

vovs — 4k 7W 7roAecor/, accruing from the cities, r&v iroXecav o>v stands for 
ruv TroAeojy as. The relative, which in respect to its own verb should be put 
in the accusative, is put by attraction in the gen. or dat. according to the case 
of the noun or pronoun to which it refers. Cf. Butt. § 143. 13 ; S. § 175. 1; 
H. § 808. These cities were the ones taken from Tissaphernes. In the next 
clause they are spoken of as still being held by him, inasmuch as they had 

; been given him by the king, and were only temporarily in the possession of 
Cyrus. 

9. avr(a,for him. This dative is called dativus commodi or dative of ad- 
vantage. So also there is the dat. incom. or dative of disadvantage. S. § 201. 
1 ; H. § 597. 1. XeppovrjO-cp, i. c. the Thracian Chersonesus. rrj tta- 

10 






218 NOTES. [Book I. 

ravT iirt pas. When the noun is followed by the adjunct, the article is repeated, 
and if the adjunct be an adverb, it thus becomes an adjective. Cf. Butt. 

§ 125. 3. 6 ; Mt. § 272. a; K. § 245. 3. 5 A£u5ou. Adverbs of place are 

followed by the gen. H. § 589. Abydos was a city of Mysia lying S. E. of 

the Hellespont. It was the scene of the fable of Hero and Leander. -r6v$e 

rbv rp6irov> in this manner. The accus. has here an adverbial force. H. 
§ 552; S. § 182; K. § 278. R. 3. 6'5e generally refers to what is yet to be 
spoken of; ovros, to what has been already mentioned. H. § 679. rcfr/Se is 

formed from the article by appending the enclitic Se. <pvyds, an exile. 

The reason of his banishment is given, II. 6. §§ 1-4. tiydcr&r) (mid. in sig- 
nif. C. § 780. /3; H. § 413. c) expresses the idea of admiration, a little more 
strongly than its equivalent i^avfxaa'e. For Mtiwcriv in the pres, after this aor. 

see K on § 6 (end). rh — ical, both — and. tiapeinovs. The daric was a 

Persian gold coin, " stamped on one side with the figure of a crowned archer 
kneeling upon one knee, and on the other with a sort of quadrita incusa or 
deep cleft." It is supposed by some to have received its name from Darius 
Hystaspis. It appears from 7. § 18, that 3000 darics = ten talents. A 
talent contained 60 minae or 6000 drachmae (cf. K on 4. § 13), which would 
make a daric = twenty drachmas, or $3.5186, computing from the value of the 
old attic drachma (cf. N. on 4. § 13), and $3.3044, taking the later value of the 
drachma as the standard. Hussey (Ancient Weights, &c. VII. 3) estimates 
the daric as containing on an average about 123.7 grains of pure gold, and 
therefore = 1YFT2 °^ a sovere *& n > or about 11. Is. lOd. 1.76 farthings = 
$4,871, thus making the coin worth considerably more, reckoned by com- 
parison with gold money of modern times, than if computed from the drachma. 

Cf. Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 314. dirb rovrcav rwv xpW^ TWJ/ ' 

Matthias (§ 572) says, that curb generally expresses that from which something 
proceeds as being its effect. It marks also, the mediate origin or instrumen- 
tal source of an action. The gold which Clearchus received, was a mediate 
instrument in raising the troops, while Cyrus who furnished it was the primary 

cause. II. § 623. c. rots 0pa£i, dat. after hr&\4fiet. S. § 202. 1. So 

Virg. Ec. V. " solus tibi certet Amyntas." 6pjj.cojj.ei/os expresses repeated 

action, sallying forth, making excursions. irirep 'EW^criroyrov, on the 

Hellespont, virhp in the same sense is followed by the gen. II. 6. § 2 ; VII. 

5. § 1. Cf. Mt. § 582. Q3<p4\ei robs "EKK^vas. The Greeks here spoken 

of inhabited the country bordering on the Hellespont. Cf. 'ET^Xrjcnroi/TiKal 

TroXeis, infra. ckovccu, of their own accord, willingly. The adject, is often 

used for the adv. to denote time (see K on II. 2. § 17); place (see virai&pioi, 

in the open air, V. 5. § 21); or manner, C. § 665. 5' ad ovtcc, and thus 

also, av in its disjunctive use signifies a repetition of the same thing. Cf. 

Butt. p. 436. rpecpojj.€poj/ *\av&avev avrcd, was secretly (i.e. unknown to 

the king) maintained for him (see N. on avr$). Eor the use of the particip. 
with £\avfravev, cf. N". on 1. § 2. 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 219 

10. £eVo?, lit. a stranger, but here taken in the sense of one who has 
formed a league of hospitality with another ; a thing which in ancient times 
was frequently done by persons living in different cities and countries. Cf. 

Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 490. els $io~x^' lovs > to the number 

of 2000. els .... fjuaboy, pay (sufficient) for two thousand mercenaries 

and for three months. The term |eVoi was applied to foreign troops or mer- 
cenaries, the practice of hiring whom was quite common with the Persian 

kings and satraps. us ovtu irepiyevofxevos clv (= ort ovrus Ixv irepiyevoiTo), 

that thus (i. e. with the assistance of these mercenaries) he might subdue, us 
followed by a part, introduces a reason for what precedes, and may be ren- 
dered, in the expectation that. Cf. Mt. § 568. 1. irepl gives to yiyuofxai the 
idea of superiority, conquest. Cf. Yig. p. 255. The participle with Uv has the 
force of a potential optative. Cf. Butt. § 139. 5 ; C. § 844. 2; S. § 225. 4; 
H. § 803. a. Sometimes it imparts to the participle the sense of the hypo- 
thetical indicative. H. § 803,. b. Tcpocr&ev — irpiy, priusquam, before — that, 

KaraXdccu, sc. top ttoAg/jlov, to terminate (the war). 

11* us — fiovXofxevQs, (pretending) that he wished. Cf. X. on § G. els Uei- 

a-idas = into the country of the Pisidians. Pisidia was a mountainous country, 
having Phrygia on the west and north, Isauria on the east, and Pamphylia on 

the south. Its inhabitants were never fully subdued by the Persians. us 

Trpdyfiara tuv UeLaiBuu, because (as he said) the Pisidians were infesting. 

irpc.yfxa.roL irapexeiu rrA = negotia facessere alicui, to give frouble to one. 

^,rvfjL(pd\Loy. Stymphalus was an Arcadian town on the confines of Achaia. 

kcl\ tovtovs, these also. For the furtherance of his designs, Cyrus seems 

to have formed the league of hospitality with many of the leading men of 

Greece, especially of the Peloponnesus. us iroXefx-fjcruv. Cf. X. on § 3. 

cos is here used de re prcetcxta. 



CHAPTER II. 

1. 'EttcI 5* IS6k€i ffii] avrcp, when now it seemed good to him = when he 
had now determined. tBoicei = KtxXbv idoKei. Cf. II. 1. § 2. For the subject 

of iSoKei, cf. S. § 153. a; H. § 493. c. &vu, upward, i.e. into the upper 

countries of Asia, or those removed from the seaboard. Cf. X. on 1. § 2. 
— ■ — rV l**v 7rp6(j>atTij/ €7roie?TO us — fiovKo/jLtvos, he pretended that he wished, 
or that his design was. Kriiger says, that fxev here responds to something un- 
derstood, viz. ry 5' a\T)&eiq M rbv fiatnXea 6 croXos l\v. eVc, out of. de- 

| notes internal separation, airo, that which is external. us in us inl tov- 

rousis used de re praetexta. to re Pap(3apiKbi> koX to 'EAAt^/i/cov. The arti- 
cle is repeated, because the reference is to different objects. C. § 'ZOS. 6. Cf. 
tuv "E\\-f)vuv Kal tuv fiapfidpuv, § 14. ivTav&a. Zeune interprets : illuc, 



220 NOTES. [Book I. 

in ilium locum ubi sunt Pisidce. Weiske: illic, in sua ditione. Kriiger 
thinks that Sardis is meant, and refers to § 4. irapayyeXXei is here fol- 
lowed by the dat. with the infin. <rwa\\ayevTi, having become reconciled, 

either by asking pardon, or, as here, by granting it. b etx* GTpaTevjxa. 

The antecedent is often, in case of attraction, placed after the relative and in 

the same case. S. § 175. b; H. § 809. airoTrefi^ai. Aristippus sent Me- 

non as his substitute. See § 6. bs avra> irpoea-T^Kei, who commanded for 

him. See N. on avr$, 1. § 9. Trpoea-T^Kei has the signification of the imperf. 

Cf. Butt. § 107. II. 2; S. § 211. N. 6. iv rats -xoXeai (spoken of 1. § 6) 

has the position and force of an adjective. S. § 169. 1 ; H. § 534. a. 

(eviKov, sc. CTparev/jLaros. \a$6vra. In the preceding clause it is Aa- 

fSovri. If the leading verb by itself governs another case than the accusative, 
either that case or the accusative may accompany it, when the infinitive fol- 
lows. Cf. Mt. § 537 ; S. § 222. 3. a ; C. §§ 856. /3 ; 668 ; also N. on II. 1. § 2, 
In determining the case, regard seems to have been had mainly to the posi- 
tion of the word in the sentence. Here Xaftovra is so near to rjKeiv, that it 
would have been awkward to have written it Xafiovri in agreement with 
"Eej/ia. 

2* 8e kcu, and also. TroXiopaovvTas* Cf. 1. § 7. eKeXevce. Cyrus 

summoned (e/caAece) his troops from Miletus ; but the exiles over whom he had 
no authority, he incited (ifceXevo-e) by promises to join him in his expedition. 
et KaX&s kclt air pale lev eft a e&TpareveTO, if he ivas successful in the ob- 
ject of his expedition. Karairpaleiev, 1 aor. opt. act. JEol. for KaraTrpdi-ai, a 
form often found in this author, and therefore requiring no further notice. i<j>* 

a, i. e. ravra eft a. Cf. S. § 172. 4. Travcraff&ai. The aor. is here used for 

the fut. to denote the certainty of the action. Cf. Mt. p. 845 ; S. § 201. N. 3 ; 

H. § 876 ; Goodwin, § 23. N. 2. See also II. 3. § 20 ; YI. 5. § 17. irplv— 

Kardyoi refers to future time. S. § 220. 2. ofrcaSe. The enclitic 5e i3 

appended to an unchanged form of the accus. S. § 134. N. 3. iraprjcrav 

els Hap5eis, came to Sardis. Cf. N. on /careVrTj, 1. § 3. 

3* aevias /xey 5^, so then Xenias. fxeu $77 is used in entering upon a sub- 
ject after something premised or prefatory. Cf. Yig. p. 202. IX.; Hoog. 

p. 107. III. 7rapeyej/ero 9 sc. avra, i. e. to Cyrus. By its construction with 

els j motion is implied in irapeyevero. See X. on Karea-rrj, 1. § 3. robs eic 

r&v iroXewy, those in the cities, lit. from the cities (see N. on 5. § 2), the prepo- 
sition conforming to the idea of motion contained in Xafiwv. See N. on r&v 
irapa. (Sao-iAews, 1. § 5. With robs 4k tqju irSXecou, the noun oTrXiras is in ex- 
planatory apposition. The Grecian infantry was composed of, 1. ottATtch, 
heavy armed, who in addition to their full armor were distinguished for a 
large shield (pirXov) which they bore ; 2. ireXraa-rai, targeteers, bearing lighter 
arms and small round bucklers (ireXrat) ; 3. \f/iXoi, light armed, who used mis- 
sile weapons and were employed chiefly as skirmishers. Cf. Fisk's Man. Clas. 
Lit. p. 521 ; Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 90. ex**"* m tn * s an( * 



Chap. II.] XOTES. 221 

similar places, may be translated by the preposition with. ds reTpaKio-- 

XiXlovs, to the number of four thousand. yv,up?]Tas, light armed, from 

yvfLvos, pp. naked or poorly clad. Hence it was applied to the light armed 
soldiers, who were naked in respect to the shield and thorax which protected 
the oirXlrai. ws irevraKoaiovs, about five hundred, disjoined with numer- 
als signifies nearly, about. 6 Meyapevs. Megaris was a small district situ- 
ated between Athens and Corinth, of which Megara was the capital. els 

rpiaKo<riovs .... irapeyiveTo. I have followed the reading which from four of 
the best MSS. has been adopted by Dind. and Poppo. The more usual read- 
ing is els iirraKocriovs e%0Jz/ avopas irapeyeveTo, and is followed by Born., Kriig., 
and Long. It must be confessed that this would make the sum total agree 
with that of Xenophon given in § 9, but the MS. authority upon which it rests 

is too doubtful to warrant its adoption. ^v §e koX ovtos k. t. X. The verb 

conforms in number to ovtos its nearest subject. It is understood with 6 2a;- 
Kpar-qs. Cf. H. § 511. h; S. § 150. 2. a. de is here a general connective, 
while ko\ — koli, both — and, connect ovtos and 6 HwKpd.Tvs. t&v CTpaTevoixQ- 
vwv follows ?jv, because the sense of the verb is limited to a part. S. § 190; 
H. § 572. a. 

4# Ovtoi fikv els k. t. X. Some auxiliary forces joined him on the march. 

Cf. infra, §§ 6, 7. 2ap5e:s, Sardis, the capital of Lydia, situated at the 

foot of Mt. Tmolus, on the river Pactolus. Cyrus made it the capital of his 
satrapy. It is celebrated also as being the seat of one of the seven churches 
in Asia. 5e in the next sentence is adversative, i. e. it introduces some- 
thing opposed to what has gone before. Diodorus attributes to Alcibiades the 
betrayal of the design of Cyrus, and both Plut. and Corn. Xep. repeat the 

same in their histories of his life. fxei^ova ^apacKev-qv, having thought 

the armament to be greater than as if '(— than as though fitted out) against the 
king, fxei^ova. The Attics not unfrequently use the uncontracted form cf the 

comparative. cbs j3a<nAea, to the king. &s = cls. It is never placed 

before nouns denoting inanimate objects. S. § 13G. X. y e'StWro Taxi- 

gto. ■=. o)S iBvvaTo TaxLCTTa. 

5i Kal PcuriXevs fihv o-fj, and then indeed the king. irapd, from, is em- 
ployed when the idea of receiving is intended, especially with verbs cf hearing, 
learning, saying, communicating, etc. H. § 647. hiro and e/c have a more 

local sense. cbp^aro. This word signifies to incite, impel, and intrans. to 

rush on. It happily expresses the haste with which Cyrus commenced his 

long and perilous expedition. o~to.&iaovs, day's marches ; lit. stations, 

halting-places, where travellers or soldiers rest for the night. It is the accus. 
of space (H. § 550. b), irapaadyyas being subjoined to give more definite ex- 
pression to the distance passed over. Trapaadyyas, pai-asangs. The pre- 
cise length of the Persian parasang is difficult to be ascertained. Xenophon 
reckons it at 30 stadia, since he says (II. 2. § 6), that 1G,050 stadia =i 535 
parasangs, and 1605 -j- 535 = 30. So Herodotus, n. 6, SiWrcu $e 6 napa- 



222 NOTES. [Book I. 

(rdyyrjs rpt^Kovra crrddia. According to Strabo, some reckoned it at 60, 
others at 40, and others at 30 stadia. Major Rennell estimates it at 2.78 
miles, and Ainsworth a little more than 3 English miles. Col. Chesney re- 
gards it as also a road measure, founded upon the rate of travel per hour, and 
varying with the nature of the country. Thus the route from Sardis to Thap- 
sacus is 853 geographical miles, which gives 2.608 miles to each of the 327 
parasangs. But from Thapsacus to the mounds of Muhammad, 36 miles from 
Babylon, the distance is 402 geographical miles, which, divided by the 208 
parasangs, will give 1.98 miles for each parasang. The mean of both is 2.294 
geographical miles. As it respects the koX before dvo, the general rule is that, 
if the smaller of two numbers stands first, the two are joined by /cat; but if the 
greater precedes, the conjunction is omitted. So we say tiuo and twenty, or 

twenty-two. Here there is a deviation from this rule. Cf. Mt. § 140. rbv 

Maiaj/dpov iroraixov. The Maeander has its sources near Celamae (cf. § 7 be- 
low), and forming a common boundary between Lydia and Caria, falls into the 
jEgean sea, below the promontory of Mycale. Its windings are so numerous, 
that it has become a common epithet for whatever is winding or mazy. Its 

modern name is Mendere. irh&pa.. The 7r\£&pov =100 ft. infy 

i^vyixivr). Apart, with eljA or its compounds is sometimes used instead of 
the verb of the part. S. § 89. 1. Cyrus crossed the Mceander probably above 
the junction of the Lycus. 

6. els KoAoacrds. Colossaa was a city of Phrygia Major, on the river Lycus 
near its junction with the Maeander. To the church planted there, Paul ad- 
dressed one of his epistles. The ruins about three miles north of Khonos are 

supposed to be the site of Colosse. ir6\iv oIkov/x&tjj/, an inhabited city. 

This epithet is added, because on the route of Cyrus were many towns wholly 

or partially deserted. kcu 7//ce. For /cat ? we have iv ah, 2. § 10, and eV 

$€ ravrais, II. 5. § 1. AoAoiras Kal Klviavas Kal 'OAvv&lovs. The Dolo- 

pians and iEnianes were Thessalian tribes separated by Mt. Othrys. The 
Olynthians were a people of Macedonia. It was probably to await the arrival 
of these forces, that Cyrus tarried so long at Colosse. 

T« KeXcuvds, Celamce, a city lying in the south-west part of Phrygia, and 

formerly its capital (BadAeia, an adj. from /3a(n'Aeios, ov, here used as a 

subst. plur. for sing. irapdoeicos. Dr. Robinson (Lex. K T.) remarks, 

that "this word seems to have had its origin in the languages of Eastern Asia, 
and has the general signification, a garden planted with grass, herbs, trees,, 
for ornament and for use, and is applied to the 'pleasure gardens and parks 
with wild animals around the residences of the Persian monarchs and princes. ,, 
That these paradises were frequently of great extent is evident from the fact 
that Cyrus reviewed his army in this one (cf. § 9), and in another (II. 4. § 16) 

the Greeks heard that a large army was assembled. airb 'tirirov, on horse- 

hack ; lit. from a horse, as Prof. Boise well remarks, u because the attention 
of the hunter is directed from the horse towards the game." So ex equo pug- 



Chap. II.] NOTES 223 

nare. Liv. I. 12. See X. on 4k rS>v jQcwnAetav below. yv/xudo'ai, to exer- 
cise, lit. to exercise naked, as was done by those who practised in the public or 
private gymnasia, unless, as in some instances was the case, they were merely 
covered by the short x iT & v - With kavrbv tins verb may be rendered, to exercise ; 

with robs 'tinrous, to train. dnSre — fiovKoiro. When reference is had to a 

past action not limited to a precise point of time, but repeated by different per- 
sons, or in different places, the optative is put with Snore and other particles 

of time. Cf. Butt, g 139. p. 373 ; Mt. § 531. 5ict irapadeicrov, through 

the middle of the park. S. § 169. X. 3 ; H. § 536. e/c rwv pcuriteluv, in 

the palace, i. e. in the inclosure of the palace, e/c is used by accommodation 
or attraction, because the source (7r777ou) is not only a spring but a running 
stream. 

8. Se Kal, and also. Lieyd\ov j8a<nAews, of the great king, a title given 

tear e|oxV by the Greeks to the Persian kings. Xerxes, on his return from 

Greece, is supposed to have built the palace here spoken of. i-irl reus 

Trqyats, near the sources, iirl here denotes close proximity. Cf. eV2 &a\dcro"n, 
X. 3. § 2. inrb rfi aKpoirSXei, v.nder the citadel. Xerxes also built a cita- 
del, which, as it appears from this passage, overlooked the palace and served 

for its defence. ifx^dWet is an act. trans, used as a neut. ; kavrbv may in 

such cases be supplied. Cf. Mt. § 496. evpSs ivriv k. t. A. The full 

construction is, evpos icrriv cdpos efrcocn koX TreVre 7ro5£j/, the breadth is the 

breadth of twenty-five feet, irofi&v, gen. of measure. H. § 567. \4yerai 

'AttoWwv e/c5e?/?at Mapo-vav is proleptically put for \4yercu 'AirdWcava e/c5e?pcu 

Uapa-vav. Cf. § 21 ; 8. § 7. 4pi(ovra refers to Marsyas, and ol to Apollo. 

u The personal pronouns of the third person (ov, oT, etc.) are in Attic always 
used as indirect reflexives." H. § 671. a, irepl cocpias, concerning clever- 
ness or skill, i. e. in a trial of musical skill. Pindar and other ancient poets, 
called every art cocpla, and poets, musicians, painters, etc. a-ocpio-rai. For an 
explanation of this fable of Marsyas and Apollo, cf. Anth. Clas. Diet. 

9» 7}TTTi§eis, having been vanquished. 1 aor. part. dep. pass, of T\rrdo\ifxu 
Reference is had especially to the defeat he sustained at Salamis, which caused 

him to hasten precipitately across the Hellespont. r,fj.4pas rpiaKovra. Cf. 

X. on § 6 (end). Kprjras. The Cretans were celebrated for their skill in 

archery, and, in later times, for their gross immorality and odious vices. 
Cf. Polyb. 4. 17, and also Paul's quotation (Tit. 1:12) from Epimenides, one 

of their own poets. "A^a 8e nal ^waias vaprjv, and also at the same time 

Sosias came. ■ e£eVa<nj/ Kal ap& t ubv r&v 'EWijUCou eVoiTyccw = i^racre KaX 

7]pi^jj.v(re robs "EWtjvgs. This form of periphrasis is quite common. Cf. 

§ 14 ; 7. § 20. iysvovro, came or amounted to. ol crvfjLTravres, joined 

to numerals, signifies all together, in all. a t u(pl robs dicx^iovs, about 

two thousand. The article distinguishes this approximate round number from 

the unstated precise number. See H. § 528. Celaense appears to have 

been the rendezvous for the army. Having now been joined by most of his 






224: NOTES. [Book I 

forces, Cyrus proceeds with increased despatch, and by forced marches en- 
deavors to reach the king, before he would have time to assemble a large 
army. 

10. UeXras. Peltce. The site of this place was N. of the Mseander, in the 

valley and plain formed by the W. branch of that river. ra Avucua. 

" Sacrifices factis Lycaea celebravit." Kriig. "Lupercalia institutis sacrificiis 
et ludis celebravit." Hutch. These games were called Lycoean, from Mt. Ly- 
caeus in the S. W. angle of Arcadia, where the Arcadians insisted that Jupiter 
was born. The same mountain was also sacred to Pan. From the well estab- 
lished worship of Pan in Arcadia, it it probable that these games were institu- 
ted in honor of him. This is also confirmed by the fact, that these festivals, 
when introduced into Italy by Evander, were changed in name only (being 

called Lupercalia), and were still sacred to Pan. aycova, contests, games. 

(TTXeyyldes, flesh scrapers, used in baths for rubbing off the sweat and 

filth from the body. Schneid. and after him Kriig. understand by this word, 
a kind of ribbon or fillet. But as Poppo justly observes, this would be. a far 
less pleasing gift to the Grecian soldiers than the strigiles, flesh scrapers, 

which they were accustomed to use in the bath. Kcpafxwv ayopdv, the 

market place of the Ceramians, is identified by Major Rennell with the modern 
Kutahiyeh, but Ainsworth with Hamilton finds the site at Ushak. The Cera- 
mon Agora appears to have been situated in the north-east boundary of 
Phrygia, and according to Rennell due north of Celaense, and must not be 
confounded with a place of the same name in Mysia. Cyrus seems to have 
passed through these cities so much out of his route, in order to take in provi 
sions and stores for his long march. Col. Chesney finds the reason for these 
two retrograde marches, in the necessity of rounding a difficult portion of the 

Taurus. From Ceramus he pursued a more direct course to Babylon. 

irpbs t?7 Mvffia, next to 3Iysia. 

lit Kavarpov ir&iov, Plain of Caystrus, i. e. the plain in which the city 
Caystrus was situated, Rennell conjectures, that its site was near that occu- 
pied by the modern Sakli, a town where the roads from Constantinople, Brusa, 
and Smyrna, pointing towards Syria, meet. He also remarks, that Cyrus had 
now entered the first of a series of valleys, formed by several parallel ridges 
connected with the greater chain of Taurus on the N. E. side, or that towards 
Phrygia and Cappadocia, which he quitted at the Pylaa Cilicias. Hamilton 
finds the site of Caystri Campus near the village of Chai Kiui, but Ainsworth 
locates it further west, at a place called Surmeneh, although he does not insist 

upon this in opposition to Hamilton's view. dxpdXero, was due. 

fjLKT&bs ir\4ov. The gender of the adjective has reference to the gender im- 
plied in the substantive. Cf. S. § 157. 3. b ; IT. § 522. iirl ras &vpas, to 

the gates, i. e, to the headquarters of Cyrus. iXiridas Xeywv dnjye, he con- 
tinued expressing hopes (that he should soon be able to pay them). For 
the construction of didyoo with the participle, cf. Butt. § 144. N. 6 ; S. § 225. 



Chap. IL] NOTES. 225 

8 ; H. § 798. 2. SrjKos 1)V aviwfxcvos {he was evident being troubled) = 5?}- 

\ov ^v Iksivov aviaa&cu = 8?]Aoy %y on ijytaTo, it was evident that he was 
troubled. By a species of attraction, 5/}Aor icrny loses its impersonal form, 
and takes the subject of the following verb as its own subject. The verb in 
the dependent clause becomes then a participle. Cf. Mt. §§ 297 ; 549. 5 ; 

Butt. § 151. I. 7; H. §§ 797; 777. a. ov yap $v irpbs rod Kvpov rp6irov, 

for it icas not in accordance ■with the character of Cyrus, or more briefly, it 
was not the character of Curies. Trpbs has in this place the signification of 
congruity. Cf. Sturz Lex. Xen. The gen. of quality, custom, etc. is some- 
times found without the preposition. Cf. Mt. § 316. exovra agrees with 

zkglvov understood, the subj. accus. of airoBidoyai. H. § 774. This clause is 
the subject cf tfv. 

12. a<piKve7raL 'E-Trva^a. Kriig. surmises that she was sent by Syennesis. 
Wessel. ad Diod. XIV. 20, observes, that ^.veyyeens was a name common to 

many of the Cilician princes. It was probably a title of dignity. ywf}> a 

woman; here a married woman, wife. S' ovy, at any rate, certainly, intro- 
duces a fact actually known, as opposed to the preceding statement, which 

rested on mere report. II. § 866. 2. rerrdpcay fj.7]v£y, gen. of measure 

(II. § 567), introduces the consequence of the munificence of Epyaxa, viz. the 

payment of the troops. 'Acnreydiovs, Aspendians. Aspendus was a popu 

lous city cf Pamphylia, TV. of Cilicia, situated on both banks of the river 

Eurymedon. Here Thrasybulus the Athenian general was slain. i\eyero 

5e teal ffvyy^vco-bat Kvpov. The subject of the infinitive may be changed into 
the subject of the principal verb (cf. irarpbs jj.hu 8 J) Xeyercu 6 Kvpos yzvioSai 
Kafifivo-ew, Cyr. I. 2. § 1), or remain unaltered, as in the present instance. 
Cf. lit. § 537; II. § 777. cvyyeveor&ai. An euphemistic expression. 

13. Ovjj.(3ptav. Hutch, thinks that this is the town which, in Cyr. TI. 2. 
§ 11, is called Ov/x^papa. Ainsworth identifies it with the modern Ishkali. 

Col. Chesney locates it at or near the present town of Ak-Shahir. irapa, 

rrjy 6o6v, along the way. When it expresses the idea of rest or position, irapa 
is usually followed by the dative, but when the idea of previous motion is im- 
plied, it is followed by the accusative. Butt. (§ 147. p. 418) says that irapa. 
roy, in answer to the question where, must be rendered by, by the side of, the 
same as when followed by the dative. In such instances, however, a previous 
coming to the place is strictly implied. The idea is that Cyrus passed this 

fountain on his march to Thymbrium. Midov, gen. of Midas, limits Kp^yr] 

understood. Render: a fountain ichich ivas called the fountain of 3f id as, or 
Midas 's fountain. C. § 704. 2. How this Phrygian king had for a time the 
power of converting into gold whatever he touched, and how his ears were 
changed into those of an ass, the student is referred to the Gas. Diet. Some 
have supposed that he was king of the Bpiyes in Thrace, and having migrated 
with his subjects to Asia Minor, the place where they settled, by a slight alter- 
ation of the letters was called Phrygia, Those who adopt this opinion make 



226 NOTES. [Book I. 

Thrace the scene of the story of Midas and Silenus. i<(? y, at which, where. 

The dative iirl r$ in a local sense, expresses particularly the idea of close by. 

Butt. § 147. p. 416. rbv Sdrvpov, the Satyr, i. e. Silenus. otvy Ktpd- 

cras avrfr, having mixed it with wine, or, according to our mode of expres- 
sion, having mixed wine with it. tcepdcras denotes the means (S. § 225. 3 ; H. 
§ 789. b), and is the 1 aor. act. part, of Ktpdvi/v/ju. Cf. S. § 133. K. 

14. TvpiaTov, Tyricmm, a Phrygian city on the confines of Lycaonia, iden- 
tified by Hamilton and Col. Chesney with Ilghun, beyond which town is a plain 

adapted for a military review like the one here spoken of. fiov\6fjiwos, 

willing, i. e. consenting. 

15. &s vofios avrois els ixdxnvi sc. TaTTec&ai, as they were accustomed to be 
marshalled for battle, avrois depends on %v understood, els imparts the 
idea, when they were about to enter into battle. See N. on els fia<ri\eiav, 1. 

§ 3. CTTjyai, to stand (in marshalled array). ckcuttov, sc. G-Tpar^you. 

Reference is had to the generals, such as Clearchus, Proxenus, Menon, etc. 

robs iavrov, the troops belonging to himself, his own troojys. S. § 168. 

2 ; H. § 493. a. inl reTrdpcoy, in fours, four deep. H. § 641. c. The 

depth of a battalion is its extent from front to rear, and is determined by the 
number of men in each file, or the number of ranks. The number of men in 

a rank constitute the width of a battalion. to fiev deploy, the right wing. 

It does not clearly appear why Menon had this post of honor given him in 
preference to Clearchus, unless it was done to flatter his pride and keep him 
in good temper. In the battle of Cunaxa, Clearchus commanded the right 
wing. to de ev&wnov, the left wing, ev&vvfxos (ev 9 ovofiu) is euphemisti- 
cally used for apio~Tep6s, left, sinister, a word of ill omen. ol iiceivov is a 

varied expression for ol cvv avrip. to Se fxe<rov, the centre. Cf. S. 

§ 158. 2. 

16. ovv is here continuative, i. e. it marks the external connection between 

the two sentences, and may be rendered, then, so then. irap^Xavvou, rode 

by. eXavvca literally signifies to drive, impel forward, and is used in connec- 
tion with horses and chariots. With Kara rd^eis it may be rendered marched 
by. The VA77 was a troop of horse, drawn up by the Thessalians usually in the 
form of an egg. An VA77 numbered 64, although the term is often used for a 
party of horse of any number. Two such troops constituted the eiriXapxia* 
and eight of them the lirirapxia. Four of the last named made up the t£\os 
of the cavalry = 2048 men, and two reX-q the eirirayixa = 4096 men. A rd£ts 
was a division of infantry =128 men ; a avvrayixa or two rd^ets =256 men; 
a irevTaKoariapxia or two cvj/rdyfiara = 512 men ; a x L ^ ta PX^ a or two of the 
last named = 1024; a fiepapxia or reXos twice the preceding, or 2048, which 
doubled made a <j>d\ay£ = 4096 men, the commander of which was called 
o-TpcLTTiyos. Divisions, however, of very different numerical strength were at 
various times designated by the name <pdXay%. Cf. Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. 
Antiq. p. 91. elra 5e robs "EAA-qi/as. It was a compliment to the Greeks, 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 227 

that instead of having them march by him in review, he rode along their ranks 

accompanied by the Cilician queen. €<£' apixaros, upon a chariot, iirl 

with the gen. has the general sense of rest upon; with the dat., at or by, al- 
though they frequently coincide in signification, and are to be translated by 
the same English prepositions. A careful examination will show, however, 
in almost every case, that the gen. maintains its ground meaning of that from 
ichich the motion proceeds, or to which a thing belongs; the dat., that in or 
by or with which an action is performed; the accus., that towards which mo- 
tion is directed. See H. § 617. ap/xafjid^ns. The harmamaxa was a four- 
wheeled carriage, covered overhead and enclosed with curtains, used for the 
conveyance of females and children, and oftentimes men of high rank, when 
they wished to consult their ease and pleasure. It was in a magnificent har- 
mamaxa, the construction of which occupied two years, that the body of Alex- 
ander the Great was conveyed from Babylon to Alexandria. Kpdvv, hel- 
mets, accus. plur. of Kpdvos — eos. Sometimes the helmet was made of leather. 
Cf. Kpdvri (TKVTiva, V. 4. § 13. When the leathern basis of the helmet was 
strengthened or adorned with bronze or gold, it was called xaA/c^^y, xp^o-ei??, 
etc. When the basis was wholly metal, the helmet received the epithet, 
Kpavf] xaAfca, Lat. cassis. It was usually adorned with a crest (\6<pos) of hair 
or a tuft of feathers, according as the wearer wished to look terrible or hand- 
some. xiTcDj/as, tunics. This was an inner garment, reaching usually to 

the knees, and kept in its place by a girdle. nrqp25a?, greaves. These 

extended from the foot to the knee, and were made of brass, or some more 
precious metal. The Roman ocrece were usually plated with iron, and in later 

times were placed only upon the right leg. ao"iridas, shields. The Grecian 

shield was usually round, and made of hides covered with plates of metal. 
For a fuller description of the shield, cf. Man. Clas. Lit. § 139; Smith's Gr. 

and Rom. Antiq. p. 245; Horn. II. 18; 478, with Flax. Illus. eKKe/cad-ap- 

fxevas, burnished, from Ka&aipo), to cleanse, and e/c, from. 

17. crWjcras rb apfxa, having stopjped his chariot. H. § 416. 1; S. § 133. 

I. cpdXayyos, phalanx, here referring to the army drawn up in array. 

Cf. X. on § 16. a-TTjcras — ne^as. The conjunction is frequently omitted 

between participles. See Mt. § 557. 3. irapa with the accus. denotes mo- 
tion to a position by or along side of. See X. on irapa t\\v 6$6u, § 13, and X. 

on 4. § 3. irpo$a\4(T&ai ra o-rrXa, to present their weapons, i. e. hold them 

forward as if they were going to fight. £inxa)p7)(rat, t° advance, as though 

against the enemy. £<rd\iriyl-€, sc. 6 cra\irtyKr^s. S. § 152. 2. b; H. 

§ 504. c ; C. § 772. i<rd\Tny£e is an early form of the 1 aor. A later form 

is i(rd\iri(ra. Cf. Butt. § 114. p. 257; S. § 133. 2. 'Ek Se tovtov, tlien, 

upon this. irpoXovrwv, sc. avrccy. The part, in the gen. often stands 

alone, when the subj. can be supplied from the preceding context. Cf. S. 
§ 226. 2 ; H. § 791. a. For the construction of irpotovrwv in the gen. abs. 
instead of irpoiovai in agreement with (rrpcmcSTcus, cf. Mt. § 561. air^ tqv. 



228 NOTES. [Book I. 

avTOfidrov, literally, from self -moved action, i. e. of their own accord, of them- 
selves, airb here denotes cause. H. § 623. c; Mt. § 573. p. 996. dpopos 

iyevero ro?s crpariwrais, the soldiers began to run ; literally, a running came 

to be to the soldiers. S. § 201. 3 ; H. § 598. 2 ; C. § 599. ivl ras cktj- 

pas of the Persians, for in the next section we find the Greeks returning to 
their own quarters (iirl ras aKTjvas %\&ov). 

18. (pofios, sc. %v. papfidpwp limits aWots in reference to the Cilician 

queen, and the market people who are particularly mentioned although in a 
different construction. Hence teal — teal and re — teal serve as connectives, as 

though the construction were na\ frWots na\ rtj KiXiaa-p k. t. A. %(pvysv 

e/c tyjs app.a/j.d^Tjs, fed away in her harmamaxa. So Zeune, Weiske, and Krii- 
ger. Cf. Mt. § 596. But Lion, Schneider, Bornemann, and Poppo, interpret, 
leaped from her harmamaxa (which was drawn by oxen or mules), in order to 

accelerate her flight. oi in rrjs ayopas — e<pevyov = ol iv ry ayopa 4k rrjs 

ayopas £<psvyov, those in the market (i. e. the market people) began to fee away 
from the market ; or more briefly, those in the market began to flee away. Cf. 
IV. 6. § 25 ; V. 7. § 11; VI. 2. § 18, et ssepe alibi. The ayopa, was a place 
in the camp, where the sutlers or victuallers exposed their commodities for 
sale, etyevyov. The imperf. tense here marks the commencement of an ac- 
tion. avv y£\wTi, on account of the flight of the barbarians. t\\v Xa/j.- 

irpoTTira, the splendor, viz. of the arms and uniform. tV rd&p, the order, 

martial appearance. Kvpos tie ^cStj. The terror with which this sham- 
fight of the Greeks struck the barbarians, gave to Cyrus an earnest of victory 
over the undisciplined hosts of his brother. rbu .... <pofiov. The inter- 
mediate words have the position and power of an adjective. S. § 169. 1 ; H. 
§ 534. a. On the force of els, see Ns. on 1. § 3 ; 2. § 15. 

19. *Ikoviov, Iconium. Luke (Acts 14 : 6) seems to locate this city in Ly- 
caonia, although, as Bloomfield observes, if the article before ir6\eis rrjs Avtcao- 
vias be allowed its force, it would appear otherwise. Strabo reckons it as a 
city of Lycaonia, but as the boundaries of these provinces were continually 
changing, it is probable that subsequent to the time of Xenophon, it became a 
city of Lycaonia. That it was a city of much repute is seen from Pliny's re- 
mark, tirbs celeberrima Iconium. It was also very celebrated in the time of 

the Crusades. Avtcaovias, Lycaonia. This country lay S. E. of Phrygia, 

and was included in the basin formed by the Taurus and its branches. It was 

made a Roman province under Augustus. diapirdcai denotes the purpose 

of €7r€Tp6\f/e. — — — &s iro\€fjiiau otiaav, because it was hostile. Kriiger says, 
that &s is here used, de re quam quis causam esse dicit. The Lycaonians as 
well as the Pisidians, did not acknowledge the authority of the Persian kings. 
Hence their country was given up by Cyrus to be plundered. 

20. tV rax^rrju 6%6v, the shortest way. The Cilician queen took the 
direct route to Tarsus by the S. E., while Cyrus with the main army took the 
N. E. route, which was circuitous and more than twice the distance, in order 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 229 

(as Rennell remarks) to cross the Taurus at Dana or Tyana, where, by the con- 
traction of the ridge, a very short passage was afforded into the plain of Cili- 
cia. It will be seen that the marches between Iconium and Dana were very 
long. This may be accounted for, in his wish to be at the Pylas Ciliciae in 
season to take advantage of the diversion, intended to be made in his favor by 
the fleet and the detachment of Menon. This desire to secure the co-operation 
of his fleet will account also for the long marches between the river Pyramus 

and Issus (4. § 1). o-rpaTicoras ovv Mzvwv €?%€. Under cover of being a 

guard of honor to Epyaxa, a body of troops was thus introduced into the heart 

of Cilicia, Its effect upon Syennesis is given in the next verse. Kcnnratio- 

Kias, Cappadocia, an interior country of Asia Minor, N. of Cilicia, celebrated 
for the excellence of its wheat and horses, and the dullness and vice of its in- 
habitants. The Greeks regarded the Cappadocians as the worst of the three 
Kappas, or nations, whose names began with that letter ; the other two being 
the Cretans and Cilicians. The character of the Cappadocians is satirized in 
the Epigram : 

Yipera Cappadocum nocitura momordet ; at ilia 
Gustato periit sanguine Cappadocis. 

iv <£, sc. xpwV' <poiviKi<TT'f}j/. Larch, renders this, vexillarium, 

standard-bearer. Y oss., pur puree tinctorem; (Kriig. adds) vel eum qui pnir~ 
puris tingendis prczfectus est, quod munus apud Persarum reges honorificum 
fuisse colligeris. Sturz says that Brod. has best rendered it, unum e regiis 
familiaribus punica veste indutum non purpurea. It is worthy of remark, 
that Hesych. has inserted this word in his Lex. without any interpretation. 

dvydarrr}P, a high officer; literally, one in power. alriaffdjuLsvos iiri^oxj- 

\sveiv avrw, having accused them of plotting against him. iirifBovXeveii/ 
avT$ is the gen. denoting the crime. S. § 195. 4; H. § 577. b. 

21. KiAi/cicw, Cilicia. This country lay S, of Cappadocia, W. of Syria, and 
E. of Pamphylia. It was divided into two parts ; the western of which was 

called Trachea (rpax^a, rough), the eastern, Campestris (neSivyi, level). t) 

Se 6(Vj8oA.t}, the pass. Cf. X. on § 22. a^xewos elcreX&uv o'TpaTevfj.a.Ti, 

inaccessible to an army. Kriig. observes that afx^ix aj/os €tVeA&e?v is put by at- 
traction for 7\v hjjLiixwov ^v e*VeA.£-e?z>. Col. Chesney remarks that this is 

one of the longest and most difficult passes in the world. AeAonr&s dr], 

had abandoned. Cf. X. on iirrji/ ifevy/jLevT}, § 5. iirel ycr&ero to re MeVw- 

vos a-Tpdrevixa on ^77. This reading is found in the best editions. Dindorf, 
however, edits ya-frero on to Mevcavos CTpaTev/j-a ijdTj. As to the construction, 
Mt. (§ 296) says, "the subject of dependent propositions is often wanting, be- 
cause by attraction it is construed with the verb of the principal proposition." 
This arrangement, which is designed to give the substantive a more prominent 
and emphatic position, is called prolepsis. Cf. Butt. 151. p. 447; H. § 726. 
%v is varied from eft? to give definiteness to the expression. efo-ca, 



230 NOTES. [Book I. 

within in respect to Tarsus the capital. opewu, an uncontracted form of 

the gen. plur. frequently used by the Attics. Cf. Mt. § 78. Obs. 7 ; Butt. 

§ 49. N. 3. Kal oti Tpifipeis ijKove irepnrKzovcras aTr* 'lwvias els KiXudav 

Tafjt.hi/ ex 0VTa ™ s AaKedai/jLOi/icov Kal avrov Kvpov, The order is, kcu oti 
(=: diori, i. e. dia tovto oti, on this account, because), iJKove Tafx^v ex 0VTa 
(= on Ta/xws €?xe by prolepsis, see N. above) Tprfpeis tcls AaKedat/xopicap Kal 
avrov Kvpov itepnrXeovo'as air* 'Icwias els KiKiKiav. Kriiger says that the 
writer intended to have joined iJKove with rpt^peis ireptTrXeovo-as, but wishing 
to name the admiral of the fleet, he connected it with Ta/xdv. Cf. Thucyd. 

III. 26. avTov Kvpov. When aMs is followed by a proper name, the 

article may be omitted, especially if the article can be dispensed with, the pro- 
noun being omitted. If aMs is followed by a common substantive, the arti- 
cle usually is retained. Cf. Mt. § 265. 1 (end). 

22. avefiri £irl to, opt], went up on the mountains. Notice the force of ava- 

and Aid. ov ol KiKwes i<pv\aTTOv, where the Cilicians kept guard (H. 

§ 701 ; S. § 211. N. 10). Schneid. remarks, that the Cilicians always kept a 
guard in this place for the defence of the country. But that this should be 
done in time of peace, or that a standing guard should be quartered in tents, 
Kriiger thinks to be quite improbable, and therefore gives to e<pv\aTTov the 

sense of the pluperfect. iretiiov fxeya. See above, § 21. eirippvTov. 

Cilicia Campestris was watered by the Pyramus and Cydnus. Cf. N. on § 23. 

Sevdpoov depends on cvixirXewv. C. § 529. a; S. § 200. 3 ; H. § 584. b. 

efxirXew, neut. accus. of ejxir\ecas. There seems to be little difference 

between /xe\ij/r), panic, and Keyxpos, millet, except that the former bears its 
grain in ears, and the latter in bunches, whence the Lat. millium, as if one 
stalk bore a thousand seeds. " The plain of Adana, as it is now called, is still 

remarkable for its beauty and fertility." Ainsworth. "Opos 5' ai/To irepie- 

%ei k. t. A., but a strongly fortified and lofty mountain environs this (i. e. Cili- 
cia Campestris) on every side from sea to sea (e/c — els. See § 18, end). To 
this region, so entirely encircled with high and rugged mountains, there were 
but three passes : Pyla? Cilicia?, in the range of Mt. Taurus, through which 
Cyrus entered ; Pylse Amanica?, so called from Mt. Amanus on the Syrian side 
of Cilicia ; Pyla? Syria?, a pass leading from Cilicia into Syria, south of the 
Pyla? Antanica? and near the sea. Cf. 4. § 4. Through the Pyla? Amanicse, 
Darius led his army into Cilicia, not knowing that Alexander, about the same 
time, had passed through the Pylse Syria?, and was therefore in his rear. 

23. Tapo-ovs. This city, situated on the banks of the Cydnus not far from 
its mouth, ranked with Athens and Alexandria in learning and refinement. It 

is celebrated in ecclesiastical history, as being the birthplace of St. Paul. 

$io-av — jSacriAem. The general rule, that the nom. neut. plur. has the verb in 
the sing., is often transgressed by the Attics themselves. Cf. 4. §§ 4, 10; 5. 

§ 1; 8. § 10, et sasp. al. /xeo"ns tie tt)s ir6\ews, the midst of the city; lit. 

the middle city. H. § 559. e; C. § 664. 11. Cf. fiecas vvKTas^ midnight, 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 231 

T. § 1 ; rb #AAo crrpdrevfia, the rest of the army, §25. Kvtiuos, Cydnus, 

a river remarkable for the coldness of its waters, which almost cost Alexander 
his life, and, according to some writers, proved fatal to Fred. I. of Germany, 
who bathed in its stream. This was the river up which Cleopatra sailed with 

such magnificence to meet Anthony. dvo irAe&pccv limits irorafx6s, a river 

of one plethrum in breadth (accus. synech.). H. § 567. The Attics use 5t/o 
indeclinable. Cf. Butt. § 70. 2 ; Mt. § 138. 

21. e£eAnrov — els x < *P l0v ' "With a Ter b signifying removal from a place, 
the accompanying motion to a place is frequently expressed by els. Cf. Mt. 
§ 578. So we say, he left for Boston; they started for the West. Kriiger, 
referring to IV. 1. § 8, where it is fully written, makes i^Aiirov — els xuoiov 
= iKAnrovTcs ecpevyov els x&piov. Ainsworth says that the fastness here allu- 
ded to, has been identified with the Castle of Ximrod in the adjacent moun- 
tain. ttAj]i/ ot to, Kair7]\€?a exovres. Supply ovk e^eAmov. These inn- 
keepers stayed behind, either because there was some chance of gain, or, as 
Bornemann suggests, because their occupation, as keepers of caravansaries for 

the entertainment of travellers, would protect them from all injury. Se 

Kaly and also as well as the inn-keepers. 2oAois, Soli or Soloe, a city of 

Cilicia Campestris, near the mouth of the river Lamus, said to have been 
founded by an Athenian colony. The gradual corruption of their language 
gave rise to the term solecism. 3 Io*cro7s. See X. on 4. § 1. 

25. TTporepa Kvpov 7reWe fjfiepas. For the reason of this, cf. N. on § 20. 

virepfioA?}, passage over. roov bp&v is the objective gen. after virepfio. 

Ay. raJv els to ireBiov, sc. Ko&rjKSvTcav, those (extending or sloping down) 

to the plain. The event here spoken of took place when they were descending 

into the Cilician plain. apTrd&vras agrees with the omitted subject of tea- 

TafcoTTYjvai and denotes time, while plundering. vnb with the genitive after 

passive verbs denotes agency. H. § 656. b. rb izAAo arpdrev/xa, the rest 

of the army (see N. on 7. § 8). Notice the difference between this and &AAo 
crrpdrevixa, another army. elra irAavwixevovs atroAecr^ai, thus (i. e. in con- 
sequence of having lost their way) wandering about they perished. For this 
construction of elra with the participle, cf. Butt. § 144. N. 13. 

26. di'tipirao-av, pillaged. This verb properly signifies to snatch asunder, 
as is done when one is eagerly endeavoring to get possession of any article. 

fxereirefMirero rbv 'Xvevveciv, sent repeatedly (notice the force of the im- 

perf.)/o?* Syennesis. irpbs gives the pregnant sense, to come to him. See 

X. on els, 1. § 3. ovdeA limits els x**P as eAfreT;/, and eavrov follows the 

comparative Kpeirrovi, Cf. S. § 198. 1. els x^P as eA&eTz/, lit. to go into 

hands, i. e. to put one's self in the power of any one. levou. Repeat els 

X^pas from the preceding clause. e\a/3e refers to Syennesis. 

27. els tV o-Tparidv, for the army, a form = to the dat. com,, only 

more emphatic. & vomeral irapb. fiao-iAe? rifxia, which with a king 

are regarded valuable, or which in the estimation of a king are of great 



232 NOTES. [Book I. 

value. o-rpeirrbv X9 J(ro ^ a golden necklace. The clause, tV x ( * i P av M" 

fceri a(pap7rd£€<r&cu y is one of the objects of e5a>/ce. *r\v irov ivTvyxdycccriv, 

wherever (the Cilicians) could find (them, i. e. ra ^pirao-fx^va avdpdiroda). 



HAP TEE III. 

1« ol ydp. The particle yap is here causal, i. e. it introduces the reason 

why the army tarried so long at Tarsus. ovk 3 4<pacrav levat, refused to go. 

In absolute negations, ov and the verb or subst. form together an idea directly 
opposite to that of the verb or substantive alone. Cf. Mt. § 608. 1 ; Butt. 
§ 148. X. 2. rod irp6(T(o. As we say, a step further. The gen. is em- 
ployed whenever the sense of a verb is limited to a part. Cf. Butt. § 132. c. 
See also the Homeric phrase, &eW iredioio. Pres. Woolsey with Kuhner 
ranks this among the examples of place, which Matthias has given, § 3 1 7. See 
also H. § 590. a. Kriig. makes it =: is rb irp6(rca. rfdr} implies that, pre- 
viously to this time, they did not suspect the real object of the expedition, or 

at least that the suspicion had not become general. iirl /3a<nAea teVcu, that 

they (lie, Cyrus. Kriig.) were marching against the king. iirl tovt(*>, for 

this purpose, i. e. to go against the king. irpwros dh KXeapxos k. t. \. 

Here we see in Clearchus the stern leader which he is described to be, 
II. 6. §§ 1-15. We also see to what a pitch of exasperation his soldiers were 
raised, that they should dare to throw stones at a general, whom Xenophon 

says they feared more than they did the enemy. ejSi a£ero, attempted to 

force. This conative signification of the imperfect (cf. Butt. § 137. N. 10; H. 

§ 702) is also found, IV. 4. § 19; V. 4. § 23. ZpaWov, sc. toTs \foois 

(fully written, V. 7. § 19), were throwing (on the imperf. see N. on 2. § 26) 
stones at him. 

2* KXeapxos 5e rSre fxhu fjL'.Kpbv e£e0uye rod fify KaTcnreTpw&rival, Clearchus 
then barely escaped being stoned. A verb implying in itself a negative, is con- 
strued with another negative, on the general principle in the Greek language, 
that one negative strengthens another. Cf. Butt. § 148. N. 9 ; Mt. § 534. b. 
Obs. 4. rod KarairerpcD^TJuai is the gen. of separation. For the use of the 
aorist infin., see N. on IY. 3. § 15. Dind. edits rb ^ KaTaTrerpcD^rjvai. — — 
dvyficrercu is relatively future, that is, future in reference to the action denoted 
by eyvoo. ifCKXyjcriav, an assembly. Either legally or tumultuously gath- 
ered together; here the former, as they were summoned by their general. 
The aorist and imperfect are here intermingled, as the attention is directed at 
one time to the accomplishment, and at another, to the continuance of the ac- 
tion. slra, then, denotes sequence in the order of things. eAe|e roid- 

de, he spake as folloios, or somewhat as folloius. 

3* (AT] &avjxd£€Te, do not wonder. The indicative would have been ov &av- 



Chap, in.] NOTES. 233 

/j.d(ere, you do not wonder. on xaA^rws (pepa, that I am very much trou- 
bled. Cf. Vig. p. 107. rots Trapovai irpdy/jLaa'ip. The dat. is put with 

many passives and neuters, expressing the cause, occasion, or object of the 
preceding action. Cf. Mt. § 399; S. § 202; H. § 611. a. Sometimes eVl is 

employed with this dative. See Bos. El. p. 212. <pevyovra e/c t?)s irarpi- 

dos, being an exile from my country. Cf. N. on 1. § 7. As (pevyovra. alone 
expresses the idea, an exile from one's country, in consequence of the addition 
in this place of e/c tyjs irarpidos, Kriiger conjectures that it should be fyvyovra, 
or that it is put by a kind of attraction for cpvyoura 4k tyjs irarpidos teal (pev- 
yovra. ra &AAa, in other respects, i. e. in other ways than the one here 

mentioned. Butt. (§ 150) makes rd re &Wa — Kal = as in other respects — so 

also especially. els to XSlov, for my ov:n private use. dAA' ovde Ka&r}~ 

duTrd^rjo-a, nor did I waste it in pleasure. aXXa adds emphasis to the nega- 
tions. 

4« irificopovfjLTjj/ (sc. avrovs) has the sense of, / took vengeance upon, 1 

punished. Followed by the dat. its translation would be, I avenged. fiov- 

\oy.evovs = who were wishing. S. § 225. 2 ; H. § 785. av& wy ev eVa- 

&ov vtt* eKelvov, in return for the favors I received from him; or, because that 
I had been well treated by him. aj/& oov=:avTl rovrcav a (S. § 172. 4), or, 
am\ tovtov, on. Cf. Butt. § 147. p. 412. 

5# 3 Ette\ 5e, but since. 5e is here adversative. cvfjLTopevea-^rai, sc. fioi. 

irpodoi/ra agrees with ph understood the subject of xPV°~& ai - Cf. S. 

§ 221. 3. a. jLte.y vfx&v levai, to go with you (homeward). Schneider, at 

the suggestion of Porson, has substituted this reading for juefr' vfxwv thai, to 
side with or help you. This correction makes it harmonize with iyeb o~vv v/uTj/ 

fyojmai, § 6, which seems to be a repetition of the same idea. Et /xeu St), 

whether indeed, el is often used in an indirect questioii with the indicative, 
especially when dependent upon a verb implying doubt or uncertainty. Cf. 
Butt. § 139. p. 380. See also the use of the conjunction si, And. and Stod. 

Lat. Gr. § 261. 2. R. 1. ovv "serves to make reference = as for that 

matter, or however." Woolsey. Cf. Y. 6. § 11. on tiv Sin, u-hatever may 

be necessary, is the object accus. of irelcrofxat (fut. of irdo~xu)' With Ben sup- 
ply irdo'xsw- ^al ovttot€ 9 and never. kclI is here confirmative, i. e. it in- 
troduces a reason for the position taken by Clearchus, and therefore serves to 
confirm his previous declaration. The phrase may be rendered, yes, never 

shall any one say, etc. eiyaydv, having led, or when I had led. The time 

of this participle is prior to that denoted by irpodovs. els robs fiapfidpovs 

== els fiappdpoov x^P aj/ ' Cf. els Kapdovxovs &yoi, III. 5. § 15. See also IY. 
7. § 1 ; V. 5. § 1, et sgepe. al. The same mode of expression is employed 
by the Latins. Cf. u relinquebatur una per Sequanos via." Cass. Bel. Gal. 
L 8. 

6. aAAa era 9 but now since. The train of thought, partially interrupted by 
the sentences commencing with el jxh 877, and koI ovirore, is here resumed. 






234: NOTES. [Book L 

Trc/d-etrfrcu, to be persuaded, to believe, to obey, the last of which is its 

meaning here. cvv vfjuv eiftofiai. This verb with avv signifies, a latere 

sequi, to accompany ; without cvv, usually, a tergo sequi, to follow. Cf. Mt. 

§403. a. vofiifa yap k. t. A. For the construction, see S. § 185; H. 

§ 556. As Clear chus was an exile from his country, he would naturally be- 
come strongly attached to those who followed his fortunes. The sentiment is 
analogous to the beautiful passage in Horn. II. 6 : 429-30, where Andromache, 
after alluding to the death of her father and seven brothers by the hand of 
Achilles, and to the grief consequent thereon, which finally brought her 
mother to the grave, says : 

c/ E/cto/), wrap cv jxoi iera'i irar^p Kal vrSrvia ^TTjp, 
'H5e KaciyvTjTOS o~v 8e fxoi fraXcpbs irapaKoiTTjs. 

" Yet while my Hector still survives, I see 
My father, mother, brethren, all in thee." 

av elvai ri/jiios == on rlpios av etrjv. The infinitive thai receives its po- 
tential signification from av (cf. Yig. p. 181. YI; Mt. § 598. 1 ; H. § 783. a), 
and is used here in the present, because the idea of continuance or frequent 
repetition is contained in it. rifxios is put in the nominative because the 
omitted subj. of the infin. is the same as that of the principal verb. H. § 775. 
2. The same may be said of luavbs infra. ctxpeArio-ai and aAefacrfrcu in the 
following members, are in the aorist, because no reference is had to the per- 
petuity of the action. Cf. Mt. § 501; Butt. § 137. 5. vfxcov 5* cpTjfxovs 

&v 9 but being deprived of (i. e. separated from) you. av iKavbs clvai — av 

w(p€\7j<rai. It is not uncommon to find av joined to the principal verb of the 

proposition, and also to the part, or infin. Cf. Mt. § 600. 'fls i/xov olv 

iovtos outgo tV yvd>fJLi]v cx 6T6 j oe assured then that I shall go ; lit. as 

if then I should go, so have your opinion of me as of one going. Cf. Mt. § 569. 
5; C. § 870; H. § 875. See also Ns. on 1. §§ 6, 11. oirrj, where, prop- 
erly a dat. of the obs. pron. ottos. Written fully oV??, it agrees with 68<£ un- 
derstood. Cf. Yig. p. 153. I; S. § 76. 

T» o'i re avrov iiceivov, both those of his own; lit. of him himself. ol 

&W01 = ol rwv frWcov, or as Zeun. interprets, ol t&v frWcav crparTjywv crpa- 

ricorai. on .... iropeveor&ai (pres. of continued action) is a subst. clause, 

in explanatory apposition with ravra. iropevecrfrai. Cf. ovk icbacrav Tropsfi- 

evfrai, IY. 5. § 15, where Stephens thinks it should be Tropei/ceo-bai. Poppo 
gives the verb in both these places the force of the future. But Kriig. more 
correctly says : " Ne quis iropevcreo~&ai conjiciat ; est hie aoristus prcesentis. 

Oratione directa dicere liceret ov Tropeuo^a:." zTvyvsGav (1 aor. 3 plur. of 

£iraiv£(a) y sc. avrSv. irapa de aevlov (sc. aTre^Svres). See N. on 2. § 5. 

8« rovrots airoptov, being perplexed by these things. Cf. ol 5e teal 'iaraffav 
airopovvres t§ irpdyfxaTi, 5. § 14. Cyrus might well be distressed at the 



Chap. III. J NOTES. 235 

present aspect of his affairs, finding himself about to be deserted by those upon 
whom he placed his chief dependence. It will soon be seen with what tact 
Clearchus extricated himself and his Persian chief from their sad predicament. 

— ! — ju£re7re^7rero, continued sending for. See X. on 2. § 26. 6 de, i. e. 

Clearchus. Uvai to Cyrus. us Karacrrnaofievccv rovrcov els rb Seov, 

inasmuch as these things would be happily adjusted, would have a favorable 
issue. KaTao-T7](TOfj.ei/cop ( = Karacrra^vcroixevcav, cf. Butt. § 113. 6 ; Mt. 
§ 494. II; S. § 209. X. 6) is the relative fut. See X. on § 2. els rb 8eV, 

favorably, opportunely, els with its case is often used adverbially. fxera- 

ireinrecrSai (pres. of continued action, H. § 714) ... . clvtov. The object of 
this device was to prevent the soldiers from having any suspicion of collusion 
between Cyrus and Clearchus. ouk e<pri. Cf. N. on § 1. 

9. robs Trpo<T6?&6vTas avrcp, i. e. the soldiers who had left Xenias and 

Pasion. For the construction, cf. S. § 225. 1 ; H. § 786. rwi> &KKwv in 

the next clause limits rbv fiovXSfAevov, any one of the rest who wished to be 

present. "AvSpes crrparicoTat. This speech of Clearchus is a fine specimen 

of what the Greeks called \6yovs ecrx'WJ.aTKrfAej'ovs, and which Quinct. (Inst. 
Orat. IX. 2 : 25) describes. Similar to this was the speech of Agamemnon, 

Horn. II. II. 110-40. to. fxeu Btj Kvpov, the affairs of Cyrus. ourus 

ex«, are thus, i. e. have the same relation. For the construction of ex* LV vr i tn 
an adverb, cf. X. on 1. § 5. ovre — en, no longer, yap introduces an il- 
lustration of the preceding assertion. heel ye. An ellipsis is often im- 
plied by ye. Since (whatever else we may do) at least we do not follow him. 

10. 'On pevroi adifceTo'&ai vo/j.((ei vcp 7}fxoov (see X. on 2. § 25) olda, not- 
withstanding (i. e. although there is an apparent equality in the relations be- 
tween Cyrus and ourselves) / know that he thinks he has been ill-treated by 

us. were KaX fxeraireixiTOfxevov avrov, so that although he continues to send 

for me. See X. on 2. § 26. ix$e?i/. Buttmann (Irreg. Gr. Yerbs, p. 

107) remarks, that " the forms of eT&ew have a decided preference for the 
meaning come, so that fjX&ev, for instance, very seldom occurs in the sense of 
going, going away, and those of eljxi are as seldom found in the sense of come. 

But epx^crxrai partakes almost equally of both meanings." rb jxev fxeyiarov 

= h fjLeyio-Toi' iori 9 lit. that which is greatest = principally, in the first place. 
This phrase is in apposition with the proposition with which it is connected. 

Cf. lit, § 432. 5. Cf. also II. 5. § 7; V, 6. § 29. on vvyoida l/iovr? 

Trdura, i^evcruevos avrov > because I am conscious of having deceived him in all 
respects. For the construction of irdvra, cf. S. § 182; H. § 549. £\pevo-/jLei/os 
(mid. in sense) is constructed in the nominative with avvoioa ifxaurf, because 
its subject is contained in that of the verb. It might also have been put in the 
dative with the reflexive pron. Cf. Butt. § 144. 6 ; Mt. § 548. 2 ; S. § 225. 
7. SeSiws .... 7)8uc7Jo'&ai, fearing lest having apprehended me he shall in- 
flict punishment (upon me) for those things in which he thinks that he has 
been unjustly treated by me. bediws is in the same construction as cuVxw^e- 



236 NOTES. [Book I. 

vos, denoting an additional reason why Clearchus was unwilling to obey the 

summons of Cyrus. 81*771/ — wv = Ukt\v tovtwv & (cf. S. § 172. 4). In this 

equivalent tovtwv depends upon Blktjv, as we say the punishment of a crime 
as well as for a crime. So Matth. (§ 342) remarks, that " the gen. is some- 
times put with substantives absolutely, when otherwise irepl with the gen. is 
used." & (by attraction wv) is governed by ^fo/cf/cfrai, which in the act. 
voice has two accusatives. Cf. Mt. §§ 415. £. 424. 1 ; Butt. § 134. 6; H. 
§ 555. 

IL odv introduces an inference from the preceding statement. H. § 866. 

2. Ka&evdziv, to be sleeping — to be slothful, inactive. The pres. infin. 

denotes continuance of action, or the being in a certain state or condition. 
See S. § 211. 1 ; H. § 714. See also K on IY. 3. § 15. For the construc- 
tion of &pa — /ca3-eu8et?>, cf. S. § 222. 6; H. § 767. rjfxwv avT&v, ourselves. 

Cf. S. §§ 69 ; 182. e/c tovtwv, in consequence of these things. avTov 

= eV avTov tov tottov, here, in this place. Cf. Bos. El. p. 134. Schasf. re- 
jects this ellipsis and makes avTov gen. of o.vt6. ckstttcov juloi doice? elvai, 

it seems to me that ive must look about, i. e. consider. crKeiTTeov elvat = Set 

<ric6rr«rdai. Cf. Butt. § 134. 10; S. §§ 142; 178. 2. onus, in what 

way. It is well remarked by Tittmann, that oiroos suggests to the mind the 
manner in which any thing is done, while e iva designates the end or cause of 

an action. /uevovfjLGv. The subjunctive or fut. indicative follows oiras, 

when it refers to fut. time. In the pres., 1 aor. pass., and 2 aor., it takes the 
subjunctive ; but instead of the 1 aor. act. and mid., it commonly takes the 

fut. indie. Cf. Butt. § 139. 4 ; Mt. § 519. 7. efre ^77, or if now. Strict 

regularity of construction would require €?re Sotce? fxivsiv in the preceding 
member. But in that case there would be an awkward repetition of doice? with 
the infinitive, ijorj is here used in reference to the immediate fut., and quali- 
fies amiva.1) which has a future signification. Cf. Butt. § 108. 5 ; S. § 211. 4. 

See above on fxevodfiev. Idtc^Tov, a private, sc. soldier. A word properly 

used of a private citizen in contradistinction to one in public life. It some- 
times designates one who is unlettered, ignorant, hence the Eng. idiot. 

u(pe\os, a defective noun used only in the nom. sing. H. § 201. b. 

12t f O §e av)]p = gjtos 8e 6 avfip, i. e. Cyrus. iroAKov [xlv a^ios <pl\os, 

a very valuable friend ; lit. a friend worth much. Words requiring a definition 
of value are put in the genitive, and in such cases &£ios signifies equal to, as 
&£los 7)[jli&€wj/, equal to the demi-gods. Cf. Mt. § 363. 5; Rost § 108. 4. b; 

H. §584. e. "Eti 5e, moreover. dvvafuv, forces. The abstract for 

the concrete. ir&vTes opoiws, all alike, or without exception. eViCTa- 

fie&a gives intensity to the preceding verb. So in common parlance, we see 
and know = we have certain knowledge. Sokovjusv. Such was the mod- 
eration and urbanity of the Greeks, that they often spoke in a doubtful way of 

what was real and certain. irSppw — avTov #ca&?icr&ai, to be encamped far 

from him. rls = e/cctcrros. Cf. S. § 165. N. 1. 



Chap, in.] NOTES. 237 

13. *E/c 5e rovrov, hereupon. oi (x\v — ol $e, some — others. Cf. Butt. 

2 ; S. § 166. €K rod avroy.drov = airb rov avroixdrov. Cf. X. on 

'_ § IT. See also Mt. § 574. Xetovrss denotes the purpose of avio-Tavro. 

S. § 225. 5 ; II. § 7S9. d. v*' e/ceiVov, by him (see X. on 2. § 25), refers 

to Clearchus. iyrJXevaToi. Weisk. interprets: clam composili et in- 

structi, comparing ol fiev avrol ko& eavrovs, oi 5e TrXucrroi virb Kvpov iyfce- 
Xev&roi, Cyr. V. 5. § 39. He compares also iyneXeveiv reus kvctl, to incite 
the dogs, which, if done in other than a low voice, and as it were secretly 
(quasi clam), would alarm the game pursued. Hutch., Sturz, Born., and 
Pop., rightly translate it, jussus, being directed, which of course in the present 

instance would be privately done. jg airopia, the difficulty. Th. a priv. 

and iropos, way. Hence avopiw, to be without a way, i. e. without resource; 

and airopia, the state of one who knows not what to do. fxiveiv and amivai 

depend on airopia. S. § 223. G; H. § 767. 

!■£# Se 8->i, but then. irpo(nroiovfj.€vos cirevSeiv, pretending to be in 

haste. irpoo~iroiovy.evos .... 'EXXaBa is a parenthetic clause. eXeafrai de- 
pends upon €?7r€ (Sely), said that they ought to choose, &c. &XXovs than 

Clearchus. This appears from the next clause. ei /at} fiovXerai for d /at} 

fiovXoiTo. The Greeks for the sake of vivacity and emphasis often introduce 
the mood and tense of the oratio recta, where the context would strictly re- 
quire the oratio obliqua. Butt. § 137. N. 7; S. § 213. 1 ; H. § 734. b; Mt. 
§ 529. 5. The indie, with cl is used in the condition of a proposition, when 
its relation to the consequence is such, that if the action expressed by the one 

should take 'place, that of the other would also. Cf. lit. § 507. 4. b. 

ayopd^abai and the following infinitive depend on €?7re. i) 5' ayopa .... 

orparevfian. A clause thrown in by the historian, to show how absurd was 
the advice, to procure food from a market in the very heart of a large army 

which they were about to desert. o-vcntevd&G&ai, to pack up the baggage. 

iX&ovras. Kriig. would supply rivds. '/jye/Aova alreiv Kvpov cans 

foa <pi\ias rr)s x&pas aird^i, to ask of Cyrus a guide (S. § 185; H. § 553; 
C. § 636) to conduct them as through a friendly country; or more fully, to 

cond.net them through the country, as through a friendly one. Kvpov. 

The proper name is often repeated by the Greeks, where a pron. might have 

been employed. ccttls — 'iva, in order that. aird£ei. The future is 

used for the subjunctive aorist to express continuance of action in an indefi- 
nite future time. See Mt. § 519. 7. ttjv raxicm}v (sc. 6$bv) = rdx^ra, 

celerrime. Cf. Butt. § 115. 4; Mt. § 282. 2. irpoKaraXr\^o/iivovs denotes 

the purpose ofirifxtyai. See X. on Xe^ovres, § 13. The article is omitted be- 
cause no particular persons of the number are intended to be designated. Cf. 
Mt. § 271. Obs. The UKpa, heights here referred to, are those over which the 

army passed into Cilicia. <b&d<rwo , i — KaraXajSovres, take them before us. 

<p$dvu is constructed with participles in the same manner as rvyxdvee, Xav&dva, 
etc. See X. on 1. § 2. Here ottus takes the 1 aor. subj. instead of the fut. 



238 NOTES. [Book i« 

indie, as in § 11, regard being had to the action as merely brought to pass, 

and not to its continuance. Mt, § 519. 1 (end) ; H. § Y16 ; S. § 211. 6. 

£>v . . . . hv^piraKOTes. See N. on et fify fiovAerai supra. %x°^ v avvp'n'a- 
Kores = avvpiraKausv, only more emphatic. Cf. Butt. § 144. N. 18 ; Rest, 

§ 116. 13; S. § 89. 1. roaovroy, this only ; as we say, he said this and 

no more, roffovros is a strengthened form of tocos. Cf. S. § 'TB. 1. 

15» 'Hy fxeu (TTpary]y r f]crovra ifxe ravrtiv t)]v (rrparriyiav depends upon \ey4- 
Tco, by a construction similar to &s ifj.ov iovros — yv&ywv exere, § 6. Render, 
let no one of you speak as if I would take this command; lit. name mo as 
leader , &c. For the construction of crpaT^yiav <tt parity £v, cf. Butt. § 131. 4 ; 
S. § 181. 2 ; H. § 54 Y. a. Kriig. well remarks, that the difficulties and dan- 
gers of the return could not seem small, when such a brave and skilful man 

(cf. II. 2. § 5; 6. § 1-16) refused to hold the office of leader. ws 5e r£ 

avopl %v olv €\tj(T^€ TTtiffofxcLi, (but be assured) that I will obey the man whom 
you may choose. In this -sudden change of structure, it is evident that 
€Ka<TTos \eyerco, instead of fxrjdels Xeyercc, is to be supplied. Kriig. takes 
\ey€Tto in the sense of yofju^erco, but let each one of yoic entertain the opinion 
that /, &c. hv €\t)(t&6 = sl fut. praeterite. Cf. Butt. § 139. 4. ireia-o/xai is 

varied from 7reicr6{ievov, corresponding to crrpaT7}yrjcrovTa. iced 'dpx^^aiy 

to obey also ; lit. to be. governed. koI has here a superadditory use, as 
though the words, ov fiovov y dpx^v a\\d 9 had preceded. Notwithstanding this 
assertion, Clearchus was not fond of obeying others, or of being directed in any 
affair. Had he obeyed the Ephori (II. 6. § 3), he would not have been an ex- 
ile from his country. Had he listened to the suggestion of Cyrus (8. § 13), 
the result of the battle at Cunaxa would have been far different. Xenophon 
also remarks (II. 6. § 15), that it was said he was unwilling to be ruled by 
others. A reason for this may have been his consciousness of superior military 
talents, which was tacitly acknowledged by the other commanders. Cf. II. 
2. §5. 

16. Merh rovrov, after him. Halbk. suspects, but without sufficient rea- 
son, that this speaker was Xenophon himself. ivf}&€iav, foolishness. This 

individual commences by gravely refuting the mock speech of the one who 

had just spoken, all which is done in order to deceive the soldiers. 

uxrirep ird\iv rov gtoXov Kvpov p.)) iroiovfjievov. A somewhat difficult passage, 
and one which has received various translations. Zeun. and Schneid. inter- 
pret : quasi Cyrus posthac non esset expeditionem navalem suscepturus. 
Weisk : quasi Cyrus non retro ita per mare facturus esset. But with both 
these interpretations, as Popp. justly observes, the article conflicts. Born, 
prefers : quasi retro (i. e. posthac) non navigaturus esset. Kriig. rejects fi^j 
and interprets : quasi Cyrus rediturus esset. Of these interpretations Borne- 
mann's is the best, for the speaker bases his remark on the assumption, that 
Cyrus was marching against the Pisidians, and upon their subjugation would 
return back to his satrapy, vroiov/jiwov has in this place the force of the fu- 



chap, m.] notes. 239 

ture. alreTv here takes irapa rovrov instead of the accus. of the person. 

cS Avficup6iJ.€&a ri]v irpativ, whose enterprise (lit. for whom, dat. incom- 

mod.) we are ruining (by deserting him). For the ehange of construction into 

the orat. recta, cf. N. on § 14. £> av Kvpos 5i£w stands for ov au Kvpos 

StSa?, the relative being attracted by its antecedent ifyepovu rt kcoKvel kzI 

ra aKpa rjfXLU KeAeueiv Kvpov vpOKarraXnfifidrew. Poppo with several other 
critics renders this : quid obstat quin juga quoque Cyrum nobis (i. e. in 
nostrum commodum) prceoccupare jubeamus ; i. e. if the relations are so 
amicable between us and Cyrus, that we could obtain from him a faithful 
guide, what hinders our requesting him to send a detachment of soldiers to 
secure for us the Pylae Cilicise ? There is a vein of irony in the sentence, 
which is rendered more prominent by the paronomasia in kwKvcl and /ceAeiW. 
Kriig. however interprets : quid impedit quo minus Cyrus nobis (i. e. detri- 
mento) anteoecupari jubeat. 

17. 'Eyd? yap. The thought contained in imdeuaws fj.h rv,v Eirftdreiav 

k. r. \., is here resumed and illustrated. oKvoir\y, I should be slow, i. e. 

reluctant. "When this verb contains the idea of fear, it is followed by p$ with 
the opt. or subj. S. § 230. 3 ; H. § 743. The general rule is, that the opt. 
follows the praet. and the subj. the pres., but the reverse often takes place, 
since the object of fear is mostly considered as future. See Mt. g 520. 8 ; 
Butt. § 148. 4. Some grammarians supply cpo&ovfxzvos upon which p.i) is in 
dependence, but which is omitted because the idea of fear is already expressed 

in oKvo'\.r\v. Cf. Host, p. 389. aureus rats Tpirjpecriy with the triremes 

themselves ; as we say, triremes and all. avrals imparts emphasis to the sub- 
stantive. "When a word which expresses accompaniment has avrbs with it, 

both are put in the dat. without r&rJ 1 Mi. § 405. Obs. 3. od-ev ovx olov 

re ivrai i£eK$e?v, whence it would be impossible to extricate ourselves. The 
full construction is to rffias e|eA&e?j/ ovx olov re eWcu tjiaiv. Mt. (§ 479. 
Obs. 2. a) makes oT6s et/a, or olos r el/xi = roiovros &fu 9 &o~T€, lam of such 
a kind, as, which may signify: (1) I am able; (2) lam wont; (8) I am 
ready, willing. olos T€ when spoken of persons signifies, able; of things, 

possible. Cf. Butt. § 150. p. 440; S. § 222. 6 ; H. § 814. oSter, i. e. 

iKelo-e obev. Aad-eTj/ avrov, unknown to him. For the construction of 

XaSelv with aire^dov, see N. on 1. § 9. Notice that the aor. part, is here em- 
ployed with an aor. verb. Cf. Butt. § 144. X. 6. 

18. eyco-ye, I indeed, yh is appended for the sake of emphasis. S. § 68. 

X. 3 ; H. § 850. 1. ravra /j.ev (pXvaptas, For the sake of emphasis the 

demon, pron. which is here the subject, is put in the neut., while the subst. in 

the predicate is fem. Cf. Mt. g 440. 7. <rbv KXedpxy is to be constructed 

with ix^rovras, accompanying Clearchus. o'itivss, sc. eleri, ti = els tl. 

Cf. Butt, g 131. 7; H. g 547. c. otarrep Ka\ Trpocr&ev ixpvro to7s £evois, 

to that in which he formerly employed foreign troops, oiWeo by attraction 
and omission of its antecedent (S. g 179. R. 1) = roiavrr) o'lavirep. In this 



240 NOTES. [Book! 

equivalent, roiavry follows irapaTT\7](ria (S. § 202. 1), and o'lavirep is con- 
structed with ixpriTo (S. § 182). Reference is here had to the 300 Greeks, 
who under Xenias accompanied Cyrus to the capital, where his father lay sick. 

Cf. 1. § 2. kcucIovs = less brave and faithful. tovtw, i. e. Cyrus. 

10. T$}s Trp6cr&€v f sc. Trpd^eojs. afyovv (sc. doKe7 jjloi, from § 18), I think 

that they shall demand ; lit. deem it proper or fit. See X. on 1. § 8. ?) 

ireicravTa, either having persuaded, viz. by holding out greater pecuniary in- 
ducements. irpbs (piXiav— (piXiK&s. Schneid., Hutch., Born., Popp., in- 
terpret : in terram pacatam, on the ground that the idea of (piXut&s is con- 
tained in TTtKr&ivTa. ow after eiro/jLevoi is to be taken with eTrol/jL&a. The 

transposition of this particle is quite frequent, and its position depends mostly 

upon euphony. Cf. Butt. § 139. N. 4. irpo^vixoL, zealous, ready to do 

him any service. Both Trpo&vfioi and <pi\oi belong to the omitted subject of 

iTToifie^a. airayyelKai. Supply from § 18, doice? fioi robs vrpbs Kvpov i\- 

SovTas. Trpbs ravra, in respect to those things, i. e. the answer of Cyrus to 

their application. 

20. o l l TjpdoTccv Kvpov ra SoJcwtcc, who put to Cyrus the questions which 
had been resolved on. S. § 184. 1 ; H. § 553. Notice the use of the imperf. 
and aor. in this clause, the former to denote continued, the latter, momentary 

or finished action. Cf. S. §211. 5, 6 ; H. §§ 701; 705. 'A0poK6pav 9 

Abrocomas, a Persian satrap, who commanded one of the divisions of the 
king's forces, but did not participate in the battle at Cunaxa, having arrived 

too late. Cf. 7. § 12. ex&pbv frvtipa, i.e. an enemy. S. § 156. N. 5; 

H. § 500. a. iicovoi — elvcu. Verbs of hearing and learning take the par- 
ticiple, when a fact is adduced which is heard with one's own ears ; the infini- 
tive, when the information of the fact is received from others. Cf. Mt. § 549. 

6. Obs. 2; Host § 129. 4. c; H. § 802. t$ Einppdry iroraixtp (see N. on 

ix&pbv &vdpa). This celebrated river rises in the mountains of Armenia, and 
flowing southwardly, somewhat in the form of a crescent, through Syria and 

Mesopotamia, empties itself into the Persian gulf. SwSewa crab/iovs. 

Cyrus seems purposely to have fallen short of the real distance, as we find 
that they marched nineteen stations before they reached the river at Thapsa- 

cus. t?V dlxyv — iTri&eTvcu, to inflict the punishment (which he merited) =; 

condign punishment. 

21. &yei for &yoi. See Ns. on 2. § 2 ; 3. § 14. irpocaiTovcL 5e 

tii<T&6i/, asking an increase of pay. Krug. makes it == irpbs rovrcp by ijdri e<£e- 
pov aWov lucr&bj/ alrovcriv. ov = rovrov ov (S. § 179. 1), of which equiva- 
lent, tovtov follows riiMoKiov implying comparison (S. § 198. 2), and ov (i. e. 
ov) referring to fxioftov, is governed by ecpepov = ixdjufiavov. Bloom, on Thu- 
cyd. III. 17. § 3, says that the mid. form of <p€pco in this sense is far more 

usual. rod ixiqvbs r£ crrparLdoTr}, a month (gen. of time) to each soldier; 

lit. the month to the soldier, the article serving as an emphatic each. See H. 
§ 527. c; Butt. § 132. 4. b. %v ye tw (pavepy (= <f)avepa>s), at least 



Chap. IV.] 



NOTES. 



241 



openly. Although strong suspicions were still entertained respecting the real 
object of the expedition, yet no open avowal of it was made either by Cyrus 
or those in his confidence. 



CHAPTER IV. 

2, 3* at rbv %apov rroraixov. The river Sarus rises in Cappadocia, and 
flowing through Cilicia falls into the Cilician sea. It corresponds to the river 
now called Sihun, which Ains worth found by admeasurement to be 325 feet 
wide at Adana. The width indicates, as Col. Chesney remarks, that the pas- 
sage of the Sarus was effected near that city. As neither this river nor the 
Pyramus is fordable, the army must have crossed by some temporary bridge. 
See 2. § 5. The Pyramus {rbv Iivpap.ov) is a larger and longer stream, nearly 

parallel with the Sarus and flowing into the Sinus Issicus. ^Icrcrovs. Is- 

sus lay on the N. E. side of the head of the Sinus Issicus, at the foot of the 
pass of Amanus, and north of the Pinarus, now the Dalichai or Mad River. 
Steph. says that it was called Nicopolis, city of victory, on account of the great 
victory of Alexander over Darius, b. c. 333. 

2* iic UeXoTrovyiia-ov vrjes, viz. those sent by the Lacedemonians to the aid 

of Cyrus, referred to in 2. § 21. <br' avra?s, over them. 7]ye7ro. 

Some translate : vice dux erat. But then we should expect avra?s instead of 
abr&v. Cf. Mt. § 360. a. When followed by the gen. it signifies to rule, 
command. See Mt. § 359. 3. That this is the signification of the verb here, 

is confirmed by vavs kripas which follows. Cf. I. 2. § 21. e£ *E<£eVou 

is to be taken with yyeTro. kripas,^ propter ea, besides. Cf. N. on 5. 

§ 5. Tamos was a native of Memphis. After the death of his patron, he fled 
with his ships into Egypt, and was there murdered by King Psammetichus. 
ore. With Born, and Dind., I prefer this reading instead of on the com- 
mon one. Poppo connects arvveiroXefxet with tfv, and makes irpbs avrbv refer 
to Tissaphernes. But /cal evidently connects cvveiroXep-ei with eiro\i6pKei, and 
irpbs avrbv must be rendered against him, i. e. Tissaphernes. As Chirisophus 
has now joined the expedition, we will give a tabular list of the number of 
troops led by each general : 



COMMAXDEES. 


HEAVY 
AEilED. 


LIGHT 
AEMED. 


TOTAL. 


Xenias 


4000 
1500 
1000 

500 

300 
1000 
1000 

300 
1009 

700 


500 

300 

500 

1000 


4000 
2000 
1000 

500 

600 
1500 
2000 

300 
1000 

700 


Proxenus 


Sophsenetus Stymph 


Socrates 


Pasion 


Menon 


Clearchus 


Socias 


Sophsenetus Arcad 


Chirisophus 




11,330 


2300 


13,600 



11 



242 



NOTES. 



[Book I. 



If we read Ueurlwy els iirraKoartovs &vdpas in 2. § 3, the sum here given will 
harmonize with the number reviewed by Cyrus (2. § 9) -j- the force led by 

Chirisophus. Cf. N. on 2. § 3. M r&v ve£>v 9 upon the ships as a means 

of conveyance. See N. on 2. § 16. &p/iow 9 lay at anchor. irapd, near, 

alongside. This preposition followed by the accusative denotes motion to- 
wards, as well as rest near or alongside (see N. on 2. § 17), and hence gives 
to ibpfjiovv the idea of previous motion, as we say were brought to anchorage 
alongside, &c. ol irap' 'AjSpo/co^uct fii<r&o(p6poi "EAA^ves, the Greek mer- 
cenaries with (i. e. in the service of) Abrocomas. In some editions we find 
'AfipoKS/jLa in the gen. The construction would then be like that in rwv irapa 
&atn\4ias 9 1. § 5. 

4. iirl irvAas k. r. \. 9 to the gates of Cilicia and Syria, usually called 

Pylae Syrise. Cf. N. on 2. § 22. ^Ucrav .... rtixn, now these gates were 

two walls, ravra although referring to iriAat takes the gender of the predi- 
cate relxn- S. § 156. d; C. § 721. e. irvAcu and reixn nav © the relation of 
subject and predicate, because the former were placed upon the latter, and 
constituted their chief feature. The following figure will illustrate the position 
of this pass : 





Mountains. 


"3 












p 




DQ 


►J 




fca 








o 




M 


q 




-1 


i-5 






* 






h 







Sea. 

t& juey ecro>3-ej/, the inner one, i.e. the Cilician gate. %(r<o&ev preceded 

by the art. = an adj. Cf. Butt. § 125. 6. We should have expected the arti- 
cle rb repeated before irpb rrjs KiAucias, as in the next clause rb irpb ttjs 2u- 

pias. Cf. Mt. § 277. a; Butt. § 125. 3. irKefrpov depends on irorafios. 

See N. on 2. § 23. rb pitrov t&v tsix&v %<rav (rrddiot. In this clause, rb 

fietrop (cf. Mt. § 269 ; S. § 158. 2) is the subject of %<rav 9 which takes its num- 
ber from (TTaStot, the predicate-nominative, that being nearest to the verb. 
See Mt. § 305. ffrwf}, narrow. This being a relative term must be de- 
termined by the subject to which it refers. Kennell remarks that u when 
Xenophon says the pass was narrow (<rrwf)), he could only mean in reference 
to a front formed for an attack ; since there was width for a fortress, and one 
too, large enough to contain a considerable force." yKlfiaroi. Some de- 
rive this word, which is always an epithet of ircrprj, from %\los 9 the sun, and 
fiaivw 9 to go, giving it the signification, sun-reaching, sun-extending = high, 
towering. But from the inappropriateness of this, as an epithet of caves and 
of Tartarus (cf. Hesiod &. 483; Eurip. Hippol. 732), Buttmann (Lexil.No. 61) 



Chap. IY.] NOTES. 243 

prefers the etymology, which supposes it an abridgment of rjAirS^aros, ac- 
cording to the analogy of tiAito/lltjuos, rjAiroepyos, in which words lie the idea 
of missing or failing in; so that rjhiparos would express the facility of mak- 
ing a false step in ascending a precipitous height or descending a steep de- 
clivity. Passow prefers this derivation of the word, adding however another, 
AAG, aAd.ofj.cu, that from which the footstep slips. It appears then from these 
eminent authorities, that ^Ai^aros has the general signification, a steep ascent 
difficult or impossible to be climbed. The overhanging and inaccessible cliffs 
here spoken of, were on the left hand of one going from Cilicia into Syria. 

e^etcTTTj/cecay. Pluperf. with the signification of the imperfect. irv- 

Aai, gates, not fortresses as above in ^aav 8e ravra $vo reixv- 

5* eio-co teal e|o> ruu irvA&v> within (i. e. between the two fortresses) and 
without the gates (i. e. on the Syrian side). The reason is given in the next 

clause. {Siaffd/jLej/oi robs ttoAcjjliovs, having forced the enemy (from their 

position). @ia<rdfjL€voi belongs in sense to ol dirATrat, and iraptASoiev {might 
pass through), to Cyrus and the rest of his army. The distinction is not, 
however, grammatically observed, as the subject of the participle and verb is 

the same. (pvAdrroiev, sc. ol noAe/Moi. %x 0VTa > inasmuch as he had. 

For the partic. denoting cause, see S. § 255. 4 ; H. § 789. c. ^Kovce Kvpov 

— uj/ra = iJKOva'€ on Kvpos ^v (see X. on 2. § 21). rptaKoyra jAvpidtias 

crparias. The Persian kings, especially in the latter years of the empire, sel- 
dom took the field without having assembled a vast army. They did not reflect 
that an undisciplined army was weak in proportion to its numbers ; or that a 
few thousand disciplined and veteran troops were far superior to countless 
myriads of raw inexperienced men. 

6. Wlvpiavtipovy Myriandrus, here located by Xenophon in Syria, but by 
Scylax and Strabo, in Cilicia, was a place of considerable trade, being origi- 
nally a Phcenecian settlement and partaking of the enterprise and commercial 
spirit of the mother country. Ainsworth says that its site has not yet been 

satisfactorily determined. Hartlein adopts the reading Mvpiavtiov. to x a " 

ploy. The article is frequently employed to mark the subject of the sentence. 

C. § 706. 4. 6X/ca5es, merchant ships. These ships differed in structure 

from vessels of war, being oval with broad bottoms. Cf. Smith's Diet. Gr. and 
Rom. Antiq. p. 877. The Schol. on Thucyd. VI. 43, thus enumerates the dif- 
ferent kinds of vessels there referred to, rpL'fjpeis Taxetcu, rpt^peis crrparicori- 
8es, TTGVTt)K6vTopoi, iTraycoyol, 7rAo?a, 6A/ca5es. " Of these last two, the ir\o7a 
were barges attending on the triremes, the cA/ca&es were vessels of burden 
serving as transports." Bloom. 

7. 'Emav&a i^wav t]fi4pas e-rrra to unload, as Ptennell suggests, the stores 
and provisions brought in the fleet, which, as he now was to leave the sea- 
coast, could accompany him no farther, ru TrAelo-rov &fxa, most valuable 

effects. Cf. N. on 3. § 12. fjikv ro7s n Asia-rots iSoKovv, as they seemed to 

the most, i. e. as most persons thought. (biAoTifJLTj&evrcs, being jealous == 



244 NOTES. [Book I. 

feeling their honor touched. on robs o-r pandoras k. t. A. The order is : 

Kvpos da rbv KAeapxov %X €tp T0 ^ s crpandoras k. r. A., because Cyrus per- 
mitted Clear chus to have, &c. robs irapa KAeapxov cWeA&oWas, (viz.) 

those who had gone to Clearchus. For the position of the article and attribu- 
tive, see S. § 169. 2; H. § 533. rbv K\4apxov, the (said) Clearchus. H. 
§ 530. a. Render ws amovras, with the expectation of returning. Cf. N. on 

1. § 10. For the circumstance here referred to, see 3. § 7. Kal ov irpbs 

pacri\4a, sc. lovras. dtfA&e \6yos, a rumor spread abroad. on di^Koi. 

In the orat. obliqua, the opt. without av is put after oVe, cos, ort 9 etc., what- 
ever may be the time designated by the verb. Cf. Mt. § 529. 2. ot fiev 

cvxovro, some earnestly wished, evxofJiai is never found in the Anabasis, and 

rarely in the other writings of Xenophon, with the augment rjv. aAdo- 

(toivto. The fut. middle here = fut. passive. S. § 209. N. 5. b. The apo- 
dosis to €£ aAdxroivro is implied : pitied them (thinking what would befall 
them) if they should be taken. The omission is easily supplied from the 
context. 

8. 3 A7ro\€\olTra<riu yfias, have deserted us. iirio'rdo'&wo'av, pres. im- 

perat. mid. of iirio , ra/jiai. airodedpaKao-iv — airoTreQevyaffiv. An obvious 

distinction is here made between these words. The former signifies to abscond 

so as not to be found ; the latter, to flee away so as to evade pursuit. 

ofyovrai, are gone. oXxofxai has not only the signification of the present, / 
depart, am in the act of departing ; but also the force of the perfect, / am 

gone, and in this sense is the opposite of fj/cco, I am come. fia robs &eovs. 

When jua stands alone it serves as a negative. Cf. Butt. p. 436; S. § 183. 

pd. eyooye and eyw in the next sentence, bring out in emphatic contrast 

the magnanimity and clemency of Cyrus, and the faithlessness of the generals 

who had deserted him. cWfcy. The more usual form is tiidbj-ofxat. Cf. 

Butt. § 113. 5. r\s — Kal avrovs. When r\s stands for a whole class 

rather than for an individual, it is referred to by a plur. pron. Cf. Mt. § 434. 

2. b; II. § 514. b; S. § 157. 3. lovrcov, let them go. The common read- 
ing, Uvrtav av is retained by Hutch, and Weisk. but Matthise (§ 599. e) has 
clearly shown that av cannot be joined with an imperative. It is rejected by 

Steph., Pors., Schneid., Dind., Born., Pop., and Kriig. Kaniovs contr. for 

Kaxioves, nom. plur. in agreement with the omitted subject of cUrl. irepl 

7)j.ias, towards us. Cf. 6. § 8; III. 2. § 20. Kalroi ye — aAA', although — 

yet. (ppovpovfieva either agrees with riicva as the leading substantive (C. 

§ 650. b; S. § 157. 2. b), or because both substantives are viewed merely as 

things (H. § 511. Rem. i). TpaWcci. Tralles was an opulent city of 

Lydia not far from Magnesia. a-rep^covrai = crep^-fjcrovrai. Cf. Butt. 

§ 113. 6; Mt. § 496. 8; S. § 209. N. 5. b. rfjs . . . . aperrjs. Cyrus 

seems to have reposed considerable confidence in these generals, especially in 
Xenias. See 1. § 2; 2. § 1. 

9. €? ns, lit. if any one r=x whoever, all who. Render et ns Kai, even those 



Chap. IV.] NOTES. 245 

icho. aptr-fiv, humanitatem, clementiam. Trpobvjxorepov, with greater 

alacrity. XaKov. Hutch, says the name of this river cannot elsewhere be 

found. Between this river and Myriandros is the pass of Amanus, which 
Ainsworth denominates the true Syrian Gates. The silence of Xenophon in 
regard to this mountain-pass and the rivers and lakes of this region, has been 
attributed to various causes, the more probable of which is the conjecture of 
Ainsworth, that it resulted from his despondency on account of the desertion 
of Xenias and Pasion, which left him little disposition to note down the fea- 
tures of the country through which they were passing. irXebpov limits 

TTorafxhy to be mentally supplied after vvra. beobs iuofxiCou. Derceto the 

mother of Semrramis the celebrated queen of Assyria, having thrown herself 
into the sea, became partially transformed into a fish. Afterward the Syrians 
paying her divine honors abstained from eating fish, regarding them as sacred. 
Semiramis after her death was said to be changed into a dove, and hence the 
worship of that bird among the Syrians and Assyrians. iv6fj.i(ov = vo\xi^ov(n. 

This verb here takes two accusatives. S. § 185; H. § 556. ovde ras ttc- 

pia-repds, sc. a$iKe?v e*W. Ka^ai is qualified by the relat. adject, clause eV 

aTs i(TK7]i/ovv. Tlapvadrifios ?]o~av, belonged to Parysatis. els £6vt]v. 

The Persian kings assigned to the cities and villages of the empire, the duty 
of supplying their queens and other favorites with articles of luxury. Corn. 
Xep. says, that Artaxerxes gave a domicile to Themistocles at Magnesia, which 
city was to supply him with bread ; Lampsacus, with wine ; and Myus, with 
viands. In the present instance, these villages were to keep the queen- 
dowager in girdles. The amount of this tax would of course depend upon her 
caprice and prodigality. 

10. AapaSanos, "fluvius aliis scriptoribus ignotus." Hutch. ov rb 

€vpos irKe&pov == ov rb evpos icri evpos irXe&pov. Kriig. ivravba .... /3a- 

<ri\€ia. Balis is supposed to be the site of this palace. Poppo makes 

&pi-avros = &pxovtos. " qui ad Cyri adventum usque prozfectus fuerat" 
Kriig. This satrap must not be confounded with the Belesis who conspired 
with Arbaces against Sardanapalus, and was afterwards governor of Babylon. 

Cf. TIL 8. § 25. <£pcu, sc. erovs, seasons (of the year). Kvpos — e£e- 

tco\i/€. It is an old maxim: Qui facit per alium facit per se. avr6v y i.e. 

the park. 

11. i~l rbu Evcppdrrju varapjov. Cyrus struck the river at Thapsacus, a 
famous ford crossed by Darius after his defeat at Issus, and three years after, 
by Alexander previous to the battle of Arbela. In his march to this place he 
passed through the northern borders of Syria Proper, having the mountains 
which lie along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean, upon his right. From 
the Daradax he seems to have followed the right bank of the Euphrates, until 

he reached Thapsacus. crraSiW (see X. on i:X£bpov, § 9) is pronounced 

by Kiepert a mistake for , n\kbpoiv. 'Evrav&a e/j.eivau fjuepas tt£vtg. His 

detention here was owing probably to the unwillingness of the army to march 






246 NOTES. [Book I. 

against the king. 77 dtiSs, the march. " expeditio bellicaP Born. 

%<toito. The optative of indirect quotation. The direct form would be rj odbs 
%(Ttcu. avairei&eu/, to persuade, bring over. 

12t airiiyyeWoVy reported. exoXiiraivov rots CTparrjyols, were enraged 

at the generals. Well might they be indignant, having been inveigled away 
so far from home, and kept in ignorance of the real nature of the expedition, 

until it was too late to abandon it. avrovs — Kpvirreiv = on avrol %kqvktov. 

See Mt. § 499. naXai ravra elSoras, while or although "knowing these 

things before. S. § 225. 6 ; H. § 789. f. ovk ecpaeray Uvea. Cf. N*-. on 3. 

§ 1. iav fff), miless. Cf. S. §215. ris, i.e. Cyrus. Without a 

subst. rls signifies, some one, a certain one. S. § 165. x/ , ^i uaTa - Kruger 

says, "hie non de stipendiis, sed de donis sermo est." But Sturz rightly in- 
teprets, stipendia, wages. — — cco-irep teal, sc. 8o&rjvai 9 the same as (was given). 

kol\ ravra (sc. Kvpos iiroir&sv), and that too. Cf. Mt. § 470. 6 ; Butt. 

§ 150. p. 441 ; C. § 736. (1); H. § 508. b. See also K on II. 5. § 21. The 
peaceful character of the former ai/dpao-is of Cyrus to Babylon, contrasted 
with the toilsome and perilous expedition in which he was now engaged, is 
used by the soldiers as an additional reason why they should receive as high 

wages as those who went up with Xenias (1. § 2). ioyroov (sc. avrvv, see 

K. on irpoioi/TQW) 2. § 17) is a varied construction for lover iv agreeing with 
rots ir pore pots. 

13# /urns. The mina was a name given not to a coin but to a sum =100 
drachma. The old Attic hpaxf^i = 17 cents 5-93 mills ; the later dpaxph = 
16 cents 5-22 mills. A mina or 100 of the former = $17.59 ; of the latter, 
$16.52. Hussey (Ancient Weights, &c, pp. 47, 48) makes the drachma = 

9.72 pence, or, about 18 cents 0-55 mills. tirav — fjKaxri. Cf. ]S T . on^ 

€A77c£-e, 3. § 15. ^XP IS & u Karaffrfitrp k. r. A. It seems from this, that 

the pay of mercenaries ceased in whole or part, when the enterprise for which 

they were employed was achieved. rb — tto\v, the greater part. Cf. Mt. 

§266. rod 'EAAtjw/coG = roov 'EXX^j/cav. Cf. Mt. § 445. d. Mivwv 

5e. A glimpse is here given of the character of Menon, who, from the ac- 
count given of him (II. 6. §§ 21-9), seems to have been a compound of every 

thing base and wicked. irpiv drjXov chcu, before it was evident, irplv 

takes the infin. when the leading verb is affirmative ; but when the leading 
verb is negative, its usual construction is with the other moods. Goodwin, 

§ 106. x w P^ s ™v #AAcoj/, apart from the others, i. e. from the divisions 

led by the other generals. 

14. y Aj/£pes, men, soldiers, here a term of honor. irxiov 7rporiiJ.'f}o'€<r&€ 

(— irp0TijA7)frf}cr€(r&€), you will be far more honored. The composite irpo is 
here redundant, the comparison being expressed by irxiov. "Many gram- 
matical pleonasms," says Matth. (§ 636. Obs.), u are not so in a rhetorical 

view, as they serve to give distinctness or force to the expression." Tt ovv 

fceAetfw iroiricat; A rhetorical question, serving to call attention to what the 



Chap. IV.] NOTES. 247 

speaker was about to say. vjxas xP'O val SiajS^pca, it behooves you to cross 

= you ought to cross. Kvpa), i. e. to the proposals of Cyrus. 

15. yap serves to introduce the reason why Menon's troops should first 

cross the Euphrates. ^(piccoyrai is derived from i//'/)<£os, a small stone or 

pebble (Lat. calculus), used in reckoning on an abacus, whence rprjQiCw, I cal- 
culate ; and also in voting, whence ^cpiCofxai, I vote, I resolve. It is here 
used metaphorically, as the method of voting in the army was doubtless by a 
show of hands (x^poroyia). Cf. Man. Gas. Lit. p. 510; Smith's Diet. Gr. and 

Kom. Antiq. p. 805. oip^ayres rod dia&aiveu', by having begun (particip. 

of means) the crossing of the river. &s Trpo^v/xordrovs ovcriv, as those who 

were ?nost zealous. X&P IV ^^toll Kvpos Kai airo5u<r€t i Cyrus will be 

grateful (to you) and repay (the favor). sXcroixai fut. mid. of et$a>, used 
chiefly by the Attics instead of e^co?. See Butt, Irreg. Verbs, p. 78 ; Mt. 

§ 231. iiricrraraL §' e? ris teal &AAos, and he knows (how to do this, i. e. 

requite a favor) if any other one (does). airotyrjcpicrctiVTai, shall have de- 
cided not (to follow Cyrus), airo in composition has sometimes a privative 

force. Cf. Vig. p. 222. XVII. dmfM€U /jlsv airavres els rovfiiraXiy (i. e. rb 

cfjLiraXiv), ice shall all (both Greeks and Barbarians) return. The verb is 
changed to the 1 pers., because with airavres it is used in its most extensive 

sense. For its fut. signif., cf. S. § 211. 4; C. § 366. 1 ; H. § 699. a. as 

fx6vois ire&oij.ei'ois, as alone yielding, denotes the reason or cause, and must 
not be confounded in construction with TnaTordrois, which is added to fyuV, as 
a second dative or predicate after x?'h (rcTaL H. § 607. a ; S. § 206. N. 2. 

ets (ppovpia Ka\ els \oxayias, for commanders of citadels and companies. 

&Wov ovrivos (S. § 175. 2 ; C. § 752; H. § 817) av Secede, whatever else 

you may desire. &\\o (i. e. aWov) is constructed with r€u£e<rd-e Kvpov, ac- 
cording to the formula, rvxydveiv ri twos (Mt. § 328. 5. Obs.). Sturz finds 
no attraction in d\\ov, but constructs it with Kvpov, as forming a double gen. 
after rev^rbe. So Carmichael, Gr. Verbs, p. 289. Cf. H. §§ 574. c; 582. 

16. ycr&€TO Sta^efirjKSras ~ jfcrd-eTO otl (e/cetj/oi) Siefiefi'fiKeo'av, or 7}0*&eT0 

on (e/cetVot) diafSepyKoTes ehv. See X. on 2. § 21. r$ crparevixari limits 

€i7T6j/. TXovy, Glus, son of Tamos the admiral of Cyrus. ^'Stj, now. 

The implication is that this award of praise would be followed by a more 

substantial expression of his gratitude. oirws, in order that, has here 

the telle (t€\ikcos) sense, i. e. it marks the end or purpose of an action. When 
it marks the result or upshot of an action, it is said to be used in an ecbatic 
(iK&artK&s) sense, and is translated so that. eVcuj/eVere. Another exam- 
ple of the fut. act. is found V. 5. § 8, although the fut. mid. with an active 

signif. is the more usual form. Cf. Butt. § 113. X. 7; S. § 206. X. 5. 

fj.rjK€Ti fxe Kvpov vofiiiCere, think me no longer Cyrus == think my nature wholly 
changed from what it now is. 

IT. ol (Trpariwrai of Menon. svxovro ai/rbv evTux^crat, wished him 

success (in his enterprise). MeVcyw, to Menon, i. e. for his use. Dat. 



248 NOTES. [Book I. - 

Commodi. See N. on 1. § 9. di4&atve, he (i. e. Cyrus) began to cross 

over. avcorepci). Some adverbs derived from obsolete adjectives end in a> 

instead of cos, and in the same manner (i. e. in w) form their degrees of 
comparison. Cf. Butt. § 115. 6. 

18. dtafiar6s, fordable. Verbals in ros have often the idea of capability 

or possibility, like the Eng. He, ble. Cf. Butt. §§ 102. K 2; 134. 8. 

7re^7 (i. e. TropevofjLevois ire£r}), to those going on foot, is a dat. of manner op- 
posed to irXoiois. Butt. (§ 115. 4) makes we^f}, koivt) 9 Idia, dnfJLOcria, etc., 

supply the place of adverbs. Cf. Mt. § 400. 5. e< ph rore, except then. 

a\\a = aWa {x6vov. diafif}. The subjunctive is often used for the 

optative to give vivacity to the narration, by representing the act as it passed 
before the mind of the person who conceived it. S. § 212. N ; H. § 740. a; 

Goodwin, § 44. 2. See also N. on el fxyj PovKerai, 3. § 14. &etov chat, 

divino consilio factum. Sturz. It is said that a bridge was afterwards thrown 
across the river at this place, upon which the armies of Darius and Alexander 

crossed over. virox^pricrai, to submit; lit. to give place. The subject is 

tov irora/uLou. cos PafftXevcrovTi, as to its future king. 

19. TTJs ^vpias, i. e. Mesopotamia, the general name Syria being given by 
the Greeks not only to Syria Proper, but also to Mesopotamia (pecos, irora- 
/x6s), lying between the Tigris and Euphrates. Xenophon (5. § 1) calls the. 
southern part of Mesopotamia, Arabia. The Hebrew name for Mesopotamia 
was B^ilJ S^K, Syria of the two rivers, or Aramea. Cf. Gen. 24: 10. 
Syria Proper, or Western Syria, was called fc^tf . Cf. Judg. 3 : 10; 1 K. 10 : 

29. tov 'Apdfyv. It is now called Khabour from its former name Chabo- 

ras, which name leads some to identify it with the Chebar of the Old Testa- 
ment, on the banks of which Ezekiel saw the visions of God (Ezek. 1 : 1, 3 ; 
3: 15, 23; 10: 15, 20). It is a large river having its source in northern 
Mesopotamia, and receiving many tributaries before its junction with the 
Euphrates. Xenophon has given the name Araxes to this stream, and Phasis 

to the Araxes or Arras of Armenia. Cf. IV. 6. § 4; Rennell, p. 205. 

/j.€(rra\ airov. For the construction, cf. S. § 200. 3. iTrioriTicrai'To, and 

furnished themselves with provisions, is an example of the indirect middle. 
H. § 689. 2. 



CHAPTER V. 

1. s Apa)8ias. Cf. N. on 4. § 19. ctto^jjlovs ipt/j.ovs. The southern 

part of Mesopotamia was dry and sterile. It will be seen that Cyrus made 
longer marches through this desert region, than where the country was fertile 

and populous, the reason for which is given, 5. §§ 1, 9. away (a/ia and 

was) qualifies ofxaXop. It properly belongs to yrj (the whole country), but is 
put with bfxaKov by a species of attraction. tyiv&iov he w\rjpes, full of 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 249 

wormwood, i. e. the surface of the earth was covered with this plant. So avrjp 
TrX-fjprjs \4irpas, a man full of (i. e. fully covered with) leprosy. Luke 5:12. 
€i 54 ri koX &\Ao, and whatever else also. The pronoun is used collec- 
tively, and is therefore referred to by the plur. a-Kavra in the next clause. 
See N. on 4. g 8. 

2. Orjpia 5e iravrola, sc. ev7)v. Cvol aypioi, wild asses. For a graphic 

description of this animal, cf. Job 39 : 5-9. See also Gen. 16 : 12, where, as 
illustrative of the lawless wandering habits of Ishmael and his descendants, it 
is said that he shall be C^X N~fi . lit. a wild ass of a man. 2^*5 , wild ass. 

t t v v ' J •: —. ' ' 

is derived from ^*Q, to run swiftly. arpovxrol at fieyaKai, ostriches. 

(TTpov&ol alone usually signifies sparrows. uriSes, bustards. Buffon says, 

that the name is derived from the long feathers near the ears. Sop/caSes, 

gazelles, or roe deer, remarkable for the beauty of their eyes and sharpness of 

sight. eVet ris Slukoi, when any one pursued (them) = as often as they 

were pursued. The opt. is used with eVe:, when the discourse is concerning 
a past action often repeated. Cf. Mt. § 521; Butt. § 139. X. 2. p. 373; H. 

§ 729. b. irpodpa/jLoures, having outstripped (their pursuers). av ecrra- 

<rav, Dind. omits &>, but following Born., Pop., and Kriig., I have retained 
it. Butt. (§ 139. p. 366) says that this particle often gives to the indie, the 
sense of a customary action. So also Mt. § 599. 2. a. €G~Tao~av is a syncopated 

form of the pluperf. (Butt, g 107. 3) = imp erf. (S. g 211. X. 6). eVel 

TT\7}<Tia£oi. See X. on iirel Zlukoi above. ravrbu iiroiovj/, they did the 

same thing, i. e. they again ran on in advance and then halted. ovk ?,u 

AajSe?*/, s,c. avrovs, it was not possible to take (them). Butt, (g 150. p. 442) 
remarks, that %v<lgt\. refers to the physical possibility, it is p>ossible ; e^crriv, to 
the moral, it is lawful, one may; zem stands indefinite between the two, it 

may or can be done. el jj.^ ^laaravres oi 'nnr^s &rjpcp€v foaSexojuez/ot ro?s 

'imrois, tinless standing at intervals the horsemen hunt them, succeeding one 
another with (fresh) horses, diad^xoixai, to receive through, sc. others. Hence, 
to receive in succession, or, succeed to one another. Here the pursuit was re- 
ceived through the series of horsemen, until the animal was taken, or the 
relays were all exhausted. Sripysv. Cf. S. g 119. opt. ro?s 'imrois denotes 

the means. S. g 206. ro?s eXacpeiois, sc. Kpiaoiv. Se is said by Hoog. 

(p. 38) to elegantly close a sentence either disjunctively or adversatively. 

3. ra%v eVaiWro, quickly ceased, i. e. gave up the pursuit. aTreoTruTo. 

The mid. airooTrdofxat signifies to remove or tear one^s self away from. u vi se 
abripere" Sturz. iro\v yap aTreo"iraTo (p^vyovca may be rendered, for flying 
(i. e. in its flight) it ran far in advance of the pursuers; or, making the partici- 
ple express the principal action, and the verb accessory (Mt. p. 966), for it 

fled away running far ahead. tto<t\ and irrepvfyv follow xp^^vt], Cf. S. 

g 206. N. 1. dp6fia>, in running (S. g 206. 2), is opposed to fyaaa (sc. 

kavri\v), in raising (itself) up. &o~TT€p lo*riu> is to be joined in sense to 

reus 5e irrepvl-iv alpaca. " Nothing can be more entertaining than the sight of 



250 NOTES. [Book I. 

the ostrich when excited to full speed ; the wings by their rapid but unwearied 
vibrations equally serving them for sails and oars, while their feet, no less 
assisting in conveying them out of sight, seem to be insensible of fatigue." 

Encyc. Eel. Knowl. p. 896. ra%y clvktt?}, suddenly starts them. ccti 

Xaix&aveiv. See N". on t\v Aaj8e«/, § 2. Ppax^y a Utile (distance). 

4. ip'fj/JLrj. Krug. thinks that this city was deserted by the inhabitants 
through fear of Cyrus. Ko/ntcot^, Corsote, the site of which seems to cor- 
respond to a spot where are now the ruins of a large city called Irzah or Izrah. 
Ainsworth thinks that it corresponds to the Ahava of Ezra 8 : 15, 21, 31, 
where the great desert route from Palestine to Babylon first touches the Eu- 
phrates. Macr/ca. Dor. gen. of Maarnas. Cf. S. § 31. G. Dindorf accents 

Mdo-Ka. 

5. ITuAas, i. e. the Pylse Babylonia through which the route lay from 
Mesopotamia to Babylonia, according to Ainsworth, 100 miles N. of Babylon. 
Geographers seem to be now generally of the opinion, that the Pylae refers not 
to any particular pass or defile, but to the whole descent from the hills into 
the plain of Babylonia. Macmichsel refers it to the ancient pass into Baby- 
lonia through the Median wall, when it extended, as it must have done, to the 

Euphrates. &\\o ovdev Bei/dpou. As no tree has been previously spoken 

of, &AAo may be rendered else, besides. Cf. Irepas, 4. § 2 ; &X\oi 8e faav, 7. 
§ 11. tf'tA^, bare (of trees or herbage). vvovs aAeVas. Hesych. inter- 
prets ovos • 6 avwrepos \i&os rod jjlv\ov, the upper millstone. Hutch, thinks 
that it was so called, because asses were employed in turning the larger mill- 
stones. See Matt. 18:6, where the upper millstone is called yJ)\os ovlkos. 
The smaller stones were turned by females of the lowest condition. — — 

iroiovvreSy making or shaping them for use. avrayopd^ovres, purchasing 

in return. It is evident from this as well as other passages, that Babylon was 
indebted to the countries lying up the Euphrates, for many of the conveniences 
and even necessaries of life. For a valuable article on the commerce of Baby- 
lon, see Bib. Repos. Yol. VII. pp. 364-90. 

6* irptcur&cu, 2 aor. infin., used generally by classical writers for the aor. 

of wvioixai. S. § 133. XI; H. § 408. 8. It is here the subject of $\v. Au- 

5ia ayopy. Larch, observes from Herod. I. 155. 15Y, that the Lydians had 
practised stall-keeping and trade from the time of the elder Cyrus, who by 
depriving them of the use of arms, had rendered them effeminate. Hence 

the proverb, Avtibs KcnrriXevei. £v rep Kvpov fiapfiapLKw, in the barbarian 

army of Gyrus. The article in tV KairiSn)v (object of irplacr&ai) has a 

generic sense, the capithe, i. e. the measure of that capacity. H. § 526. b. 

atevpav ^ aXtyircav, wheat flour or barley meal. So Sturz defines these 

words. But why flour so different as that of wheat and barley should be held 
at the same price, has puzzled critics and editors not a little. To avoid this 
difficulty Muretus suggests the erasure of aAevpoov ^, as being added by some 
one who thought it a synonyme of a\<pircuv. Kriig. defines #A(J>iTa, farina 






Chap. V.] NOTES 251 

crassoir ; &\evpa, farina tenuior et magis elaborata, and avoids the difficulty 
above suggested by referring to the great want of provisions, or the compara- 
tive abundance of &\evpa. rcrrdpcau <riy\cov. As six bfioKol == ^pax^h 

i.e. 17 cents 5-93 mills (cf. N. on 4. § 13), seven and a half bfioXol or the 

Persian aiy\os = 22 cents. Svi/arai, is worth, here takes the accusative 

bfioXovs. S. § 181. 2. Kairifri) dvo x ' LVLKas * The capacity of the x^l* 

upon which that of the KaTri&r) here depends, is differently given, some making 
it = three cotylse ; while other authorities make it == four, and some even 

= eight cotylae. A cotyla = .4955 of a pint English. ix&pei, contains ; lit. 

gives place or room. A vessel is tropically said to make room for a given 
quantity, when it will contain it. 

7» ^Hv 5e tovtwv rwv gtc&iicov ovs irdyv jiaKpovs ijXavuev, tliere were 
(some) of these days'' -marches which he made very long. i<m is commonly 
employed even before the plur. relative, although the plur. eld is sometimes 
found (cf. II. 5. § 18), and the imperf. fy. Cf. Butt. p. 438 ; Mt. § 482. 06s. 
1; S. § 151. 1. (TTa&fxcav is constructed with fy — ovs — ^v ivioi ous (Mt. 
§ 482; S. § 172. 2; H. § 812; C. § 542. a); fully, fy ivioi rovrcov rmv 
crTO&fx&j/ ovs. The relative ovs may be referred to Butt. § 131. 3; S. § 181. 
2, because it represents gtc&ixovs, which in this connection signifies the dis- 
tance passed over (tV iXaaiv). Rennell (p. 86) says that these marches refer 

particularly to the hilly desert between Corsote and the Pylae. oirSre — 

fiov\oiTO. Cf. N. on iirel — 5<cc/cof, 5. § 2. SiccTeAeVat, sc. tV odou. 

X^A^, provender for the beasts of burden and cavalry horses. Kal ti-fj 

iroT6, and once indeed. These particles introduce an illustration of the haste 

with which Cyrus urged on his forces. Cf. Hoog. p. 90. crevoxcaplas 

.... 8v<rirop€VTOv, when the narrowness of the way and the mud seemed im- 
passible to the wagons — when the narrow and muddy road was well nigh im- 
passible. This gen. abs. denotes time. S. § 226; H. §790. a. rod 

fSapfiapiKov crparov follows AajScWas, because the action of the verb refers 
only to a part of the object. Render : having taken (a portion) of the bar- 
barian army. H. § 574. e; cf. Mt. § 323. b. avveK&i&dfav, to assist in 

extricating. The student should note the force of the composite avv and 4k. 

$• &o"rr€p bpyy. Dind. and Pop. connect these words with the preceding 
clause. But why should Glus and Pigres be in a rage at executing as leaders 
a commission, to which when commanded, the Tlip<rai ol Kpario-roi gave their 
personal service with such alacrity ? Why did Cyrus retain Pigres in a post 
of honor (cf. 8. § 12), if he showed so little zeal in his master's cause? Hutch., 
Born., and Krug. rightly therefore connect &o"7T€p bpyy with the following 

clause. <rvvetricncevo*ai, to assist in hastening on. There is great beauty 

and force in these compound words. "Ev&a for?, then truly. fxipos ri, a 

specimen, example. %v bedo-aofraiy might be seen ; lit. it was (possible) to 

see. The subject of fy is the infinitive. S. § 153. a; H. § 494. a. 'Pi- 

tyai/Tes. This shows the alacrity with which they executed his command. — - 



; { 



'. 



■ 



252 NOTES. [Book I. 

Kdvdvs, cloaks or gowns with wide sleeves worn over the tunics, common to 
kings, generals, and private soldiers ; only those worn by kings were of pur- 
ple, those worn by high officers, scarlet or purple with white spots, while the 
soldiers wore such as were made of coarser materials. Cf. Cyr. I. 3. § 2; 
VIII. 3. § 10; Curt. Ill, 3. § 18. Yates says that in the Persepolitan sculp- 
tures, nearly all the principal personages are clothed in the k&vZvs. 'Uvto, 

imperf. mid. 3 plur. of 'In/xi, I send ; mid. I throw myself '= I hasten, rush. 
irepl viktis, for victory =pfor a prize. The Persian nobles are repre- 
sented as running with as much ardor to raise the wagons from the mud, as 

the foot racers contended in the Olympic games for the prize. nal before 

fid\a may be rendered, and that too, what is more. See Butt. p. 431. fid\a 

qualifies irpavovs, very steep. tovtovs, i. e. those well known. Cf. Mt. § 470. 

4. aj/a£vpi8as, trowsers, made long and loose, as those now worn by the 

Orientals. The same garment seems to be referred to in Dan. 3 : 21, 27, by 
the Chal. te pbs*1D , saraballm, which Gesen. translates long and wide panta- 
loons. Cf. my N. on Cyr. VIII. 3. § 13. zvioi 5e Kai, and some also. 

The persons here referred to were the chief men of the army. cvv tou- 

rois, i. e. the costly garments and ornaments just mentioned. Sarrov '/) 

&s tis $lv were, sooner than one would have thought (possible). Cf. Seager's 
N. on Vig. p. 216. So in Lat., crederem, putarem, etc., are sometimes em- 
ployed, where in English we should use the pluperf., ws, as. fieredopovs 

== Sxrre fierccapovs eivat. An epithet is sometimes applied to a thing by way 
of anticipation, to show the rapidity or certainty of the act by which the 
quality is possessed. 

0« Tb Se crvjjnrav (sometimes rb 5e arvjj.iray thai), generally, upon the whole, 
i. e. in all the things pertaining to the expedition. Cf. Mt. §§ 283, 545 ; S, 

§ 135. 2; H. § 552. b*r}\os fa Kvpos crirsvtiwv. See K. on 8'7}Aos %v avid>- 

fievos, 2. § 10. oirov /id}, unless where. oacp — roao&rcp, by as much- 

by so much. The relat. adv. is here placed first for the sake of emphasis. 
Porson joins hv (which Dind. has bracketed) to vofxifav. It is generally taken 
with ¥\&oi. See Butt. § 139. p. 367; H. § 722. 2; Mt. § 527. The sub- 
ject of fidxecr&ai is the same with that of vofiifav, because both subjects refer 

to the same person. Cf. S. § 221. N. 2 ; H. § 775. 2. Ka\ cvv&etv 8' %v tw 

irpo<r4x oVTl T0J/ vovv, it was evident to any one giving (the subject) attention = 
any one upon reflection might see. Bloomfield says that irpoaexovri top vqvv^ 
paying attention to, receives this sense from the article, vovv %x €lJ/ denoting 

to be knowing, or clever. avv&sLv %v — apx*! — odea = l\v cvviSciv on 77 

apxh ^j it was (for any one, H. § 774. 1) to perceive plainly that the king's 
government was strong = it was plain that the king's government was strong. 

7r\^&€t x^P as KC & av&p(t>7T(av 9 from its extent of country and number of 

men. kclI tQ $i€0"ird(rfrai ras Svvdfieis, and in the dispersion of its forces. 

Sxcfc Ta%eW = raxws. The sense of this passage is that the very circum- 
stances which made the Persian empire formidable, if time were given to col- 



;S. 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 253 

lect its vast resources, would render it a more easy prey to the invader, should 
it be suddenly attacked. 

10. Kara, robs cp-fjpovs crra&fiovs, i. e. opposite the desert, through which 

they were thirteen days in marching (5. § 5). Xa.ptJ.dvdT], Charmande, is 

identified by Ainsworth as the city Iz or Izanescopolis, whose bitumen foun- 
tains were visited by Alexander, Trajan, and Severus. Col. Chesney finds its 

site at some ruins opposite the island of Jibbah or Jubbah. 4k imparts to 

ijyopa^ov the idea of motion, the soldiers purchased (and brought from). H. 

§ 618. a; S. § 235. cx^o'iais, sc. vavcri, lit. (vessels) hastily constructed, 

l. e. rafts, floats, etc. o?5e, thus, in this manner. x ( fy )TOU Kovcpov, light 

(i e. dry) fodder, hay. ctra <rvvr]yov koX cvvecrircav, then they brought them 

(i. e. the skins) together and sewed them. (rvveo"irwv, 3 pers. plur. imperf. indie. 

of ovtrrrdw. &s, so that. Cf. II. 3. § 10 ; V. 6. § 12. tt\s Kaptyns, i. e. 

lis x°P T0S Kovcpos inclosed in the skins. rb vdoop is the subject of a7rre- 

*5ai. fia\dvov, date. This country abounded in palm trees, from the 

fruit of which was made a very agreeable wine. Cf. II. 3. §§ 14, 16. rrjs 

U7T& rod (poiviKos, (viz.) the (date) from the palm tree. The distinction between 
4k and a7ro, the former denoting internal, the latter, external separation, is 

here strongly marked. See X. on 2. § 1. rovro is put in the neuter, 

because fjL^Klvrjs to which it refers, denotes an inanimate thing. Cf. Mt. 
§439; S. § 157. 3. b. 

11. 'AfKpiX^dmcoy n, disputing about something. Kpivas aSiKtiv rbv 

rod Mevcovos, judging the (soldier) of Menon to have been in the wrong, i. e. to 

have begun the quarrel. adiKetv = fjdiKrjKevai. eKeysv, sc. rb avrov ird&os. 

Cf. § 14 infra. a>pyi£ovro Icrxvp&s, were greatly enraged. 

12. tV ayopdv, i. e. the provisions brought across the river from Char- 
mande. acpnnrevei, rides back. cvv bxiyois rots irepl avrov, with a few 

attendants; lit. with those about him a few. S. § 168. 2; H. § 651; C. 
§ 688. The proper name is often used with this formula. See II. 4. § 2 ; 

Thucyd. VIII. 105. §rcev. Pluperf. in signification. S. § 211. X. 5; H. 

§ 698. t irja j L t?7 ai-lvy, sc. avrov, threw his axe (at him, i. e. Clearchus). 

To verbs of throwing the missile is joined in the dative to denote the instru- 
ment. ouros, i. e. the one who cast the axe. avrov rifxaprev. Cf. H. 

§ 580. 1. So a/j.apre?v dtiov, to miss the icay. &\Aos Se Aid-^, sc. tV/cn 

KXeapxov. 

13. irapayyiKKsi els ra, oir\a, calls, to arms! His rage did not permit 

him to wait for the public crier to call the soldiers together. ras acnriSas 

irpbs ra. ySvara bevras, placing (i. e. resting) their shields against their knees. 
Cf. " obnixo genu scuto," Corn. Xep. Chabr. I. 2. rovrcov 5', i. e. the cav- 
alry. M robs Mevowos. See X. on robs kavrov, 2. § 15. &crre 4kel- 

vovs k. r. \. Probably Clearchus was so incensed, that he came with little less 
vehemence, than if he were rushing to battle. 4K7r€ir\rjx&u is more em- 
phatic than the present would have been = were once for all thoroughly fright- 



254 NOTES. [Book I. 

ened. Goodwin, §18. 4. rpex^tv eVl ra oVXa, ran to arms. Oi 5^ 

Kal ecraaay airopovvres t$ irpdyfiaTi, others also stood still being perplexed at 
the affair, ol 5e responds to ol fiev implied in the previous proposition. 

14. €Tir£€ yap varepos fcpoai&v, for he happened to be last corning up. 

reikis. Cf. N. on 2. § 16. efrero ra bir\a = stood (with his men) in 

arms. Cf. Vig. (Seager's note) p. 102. Born, interprets : cum armis in acie 
consistebat. The arms were brought to a state of rest, but so as to be ready 

for immediate use. aurov bxiyov de^cavros KaraXeva&fjvai, while he 

wanted little of being stoned. The construction may be resolved into bxiyoi 
iSerjo-e avrbv KaTaXeva^ijya^ on the principle of attraction referred to in K. on 

8i)kos ?j avicafxeyoSy 2. § 11. irpdcos Xiyoi rb avrov ird&os, he (i.e. Proxe- 

nus) shoxdd speak lightly of his wrong, i. e. make a light affair of it. 

15. 'Ev rovrcp (sc. T$ XP° vc ?i -^. 577. 2), in the mean time. ret iraKri^ 

his javelins. The article often takes the place of an unemphatic possessiw 
pronoun, when the substantive with which it is connected, naturally belongs t3 

a particular person spoken of in the sentence. H. § 527. d. rots irapo^ 

<ri rcou TriffTcaj/ = iKtivois rwu ttio'twv ot napTja'av, those of his faithfid attend- 
ants who were present. These are called (9. § 31) by way of honor, ol a-vvrpd- 
ire(oi, those who sat at his table, his table-companions. 

16. When Cyrus came up, the altercation was probably between Clearchus 
and Proxenus (cf. latter part of § 14), and this accounts for his addressing 

them by name. ovk for* o ri iroisiTs, you know not what you are doing, 

i. e. you are not aware of the consequences of your acts. See ov yap oXtiaci rl 
iroiovai, Luke 23 : 34. On "tare, cf. Butt. § 109. III. 2 ; S. §§ 133. Eidco ; 211. 

N". 6. /cciTa/c€/c(tye(rd-c«, shall have been cut down = shall surely be cut to 

pieces. H. § 696. 2 ; C. § 809 ; Goodwin, § 29. HL 2. kukcos— ix^rwy. 

See N. on svvo'Ckws €X 0l€y '> !• § 5. T & v yfisrepow, our offairs. Cf. S. 

§ 158. N. 1. jSapjSapot does not take the article, because as Kriig. re- 
marks, its office is performed by ovs opart. 

17. iv iavra iyevero, came to himself. 4v with the dat. is here used with 
the verb of motion, to denote the state of rest following the action of the verb, 
he came (into and was) in himself. When a man is in a violent passion, he is 
said in the language of metaphor to be beside himself out of his mind. So 
when he lays aside his anger, he is said to return or come to himself. Cf. Acts 

12: 11. See also N. on ovk fore, § 16. Kara xfyav e&evro ra 6VAo, 

" deponebant arma suo ordine et loco." Poppo. 



CHAPTER VI. 

1. 'Evrev&ev, i.e. from the Pylae Babyloniae (5. § 5). irpoiSvrwv, sc. 

avrwv. Cf. N. on 2. § 17. ws, about. See N. on 2. § 3. Ouroi, i. e. 

oi Iwirus drawn from ftnrw going before. e? ri #AAo, whatever else. Cf. 



Chap. VI.] NOTES. 255 

X. on 5. § 2. yevei re irpoo"t]K(av fiaaiKe?, connected by birth to the king, 

i. e. a relative of the king. ra, iroXefxia limits Xeyofxevos. Cf. Butt. § 131. 

V; S. § 182. Kal irpoo-bev, formerly even. With Bornemann I have 

put a full stop after TvoXe^aas, thus connecting KaraXXayels 5e with ovros 
Kvpco el-rev, to which it evidently belongs. 

2. KaraKavot &v. In the orat. obliqua, the opt. is employed without &v, 
but as it here stands in the apodosis (S. § 215. 2), av accompanies it. Cf. Mt. 

§ 529. v) ^wvras iroXXovs avrwv eXoi, or take many of them alive, i.e. 

make them prisoners. Repeat av with eXoi , KwXvcreie, and iroi{]a-eiev. k&>- 

Xvo-eie is followed by rod Kaieiv (S. § 222) as the gen. of the remote, and ha- 
6vras (sc. avrovs), as the accus. of the immediate object. Cf. Butt. §§ 131. 4; 

132. 4. 1 ; S. § 197. 2. icod\o-eiev wa-re, ivould cause that. u efficere ut" 

Sturz. ware with the infinitive denotes the result. H. § 770. For its use 

with the indicative, see X. on 1. § 8. tiiayyelXai, to give information, to 

be messengers. 

3* eroifiovs avry, ready for him. avr$ is here the Bat. Commodi. See 

X. on 2. § 1. rj£ot refers to Orontes. as — irXeicrovs. See N. on 1. 

§ 6. cppdo-ai, to order, tell. Bloom. (X. on Thucyd. III. 15. § 1) remarks 

that this signification of <ppd£eiv is rare. Cf. II. 3. § 3. eKeXevev, sc. rbv 

fiaaXea. avrov, i. e. Orontes. irtarreoos, of fidelity (to the king). 

{, 'Avayvovs, having read. e^rra must be joined with robs apiarovs. 

Spelman remarks that the ancient writers who treat of the affairs of Persia, 
often speak of a council of seven, which seems to have been instituted in 
memory of the seven Persian noblemen who put the Magi to death, of whom 

Darius Hystaspis was one. Cf. Esth. 1 : 13, 14. &eo-&ai ra o-rrXa. Cf. X. 

on 5. § 14. This guard was employed to prevent any attempt to rescue 
Orontes or interrupt his trial. 

5. 8e Kal is elliptieally used for ov fiovov tie rovro, aXXa ttai : (not only this) 
but he also called Clearchus, etc. o-vfifiovXov is the second accusative after 

irapeKdXece. S. § 185; H. § 556. os ye = quippe qui, inasmuch as he. 

rots frXXot s, i. e. the Persians who were with Cyrus. Trporiiir\&7}vai 

fiaXurra. Cf. 1ST. on irXeov irporifi^o-eo-^e, 4. § 14. Clearchus was rightly 
looked upon by Cyrus as the leading mind of the Greek army (cf. II. 2. § 5 ; 
III. 1. § 10), and hence the policy of honoring him in the way here spoken 

of. rwv 'EXXJjvcav limits os. e^yyeiXe — rfyv Kpiaiv — as eyevero by 

prolepsis for e^yyeiXe ws rj Kpicts eyevero. See N. on 2. § 21. Kpicriv, 

trial. airSpprirov, to be kept secret. Cf. Butt. § 134. 8. This adjective 

conforms to the gend. of Kplcris. S. § 157. c; H. § 523. &px*w T0 ^ &6 m 

yov is employed when the speaker is to be followed by others ; &pxe<r&ai rod 
x6yov, when simply the commencement of a speech is intended to be designa- 
ted. Cf. Sturz Lex. Xen. ; H. § 691. 

6. irapeKdXeva = irapaKeK XnKa. Cf. Butt, § 137. 3 ; S. § 212. N. 14.— 
"Avtipes <piXoi. See N. on ix&pbv dvBpa, 3. § 20. irpbs &ewv Kal irpbs 



256 NOTES. [Book I. 

av&p6ir<ioV) in the estimation of gods and men. Cf. Mt. § 590. 6. rov- 

roviy this here. In social intercourse, the Attics strengthened demonstratives 

by the suffix I. yap in the next sentence is yap illustrantis, i. e. it serves 

to explain and illustrate what has just been said. vir^Koov, a servant, at- 
tendant, not SovXos, a slave. It heightened the crime of deserting his prince, 

that Darius gave him to be an attendant upon Cyrus. iiroi^o'a &o*tg k. t. A., 

/ effected that (cf. N. on § 2) he thought it best to cease making war upon me, 
or, / caused him to conclude that it was best, &c. Kriig. says that the proper 
structure would have been : iyib avrbv irpoo-iroXeiuLCcv iiroirjo-a rod irphs e/xe 
7ro\e/j.ov iravaacrSai.. The construction was well suited to the excited state of 

the speaker's mind. dei-idv, the right hand. In ancient times one of the 

most inviolate pledges of fidelity was the giving of the right hand. Cf. II. 
3. § 28. Hence, in the early ages of the Christian Church, arose, the cus- 
tom of giving the right hand of fellowship. Cf. Gal. 2 : 9. 

7. on ou (sc. iariv from the preceding clause), there is not. on in the 
oratio recta may be omitted in the translation. S. § 213. 1 ; H. § 734. b. 

Oukovv vcrepov — KaKws ino'isis, did you not afterwards lay waste. A 

negative question implying an affirmative answer. Cf. Butt. § 149. p. 428; 
Vig. p. 166. III. cds avrbs orb 6jj.o\oye7s is to be taken with ovfcv vir' ipou 
adiKovfxGj/os, as you yourself confess, being in no respect (ouSeV, accus. synecd.) 

injured by me. els Mvaovs (sc. iA&d>v) as els Mv<riav. See els robs /3a/jj3a- 

povs, I. 3. § 5. o n idvvco, as far as you was able (to do injury.) V E<£?7 

s= cu/jLO\6yei. Cf. VII. 2. § 25. zyvcos r^v ceavrov 8vvap.iv, you knew your 

own strength, i. e. had become sensible of your inability to contend with me. 

3 ApT€fjLL?>os P(a/j.6uy the altar of Diana. He came to this altar, which 

Hutch, thinks belonged to the temple of Diana at Ephesus, as a suppliant. 
See 1 Kings 2: 28; Thucyd. I. 134. § 1. fxera^AGiv re <T(h, that you re- 
pented. Cf. S. § 201. N. 4. 

8. For the construction of iiri^ovMvwv — <j>avepbs yeyovas, cf. N. on d?}Aos 

fjv avicofievos, 2. § 11. on ovdev adiK7i&ds. See N. on on in § 7. Trepl 

i/xh &Sucos f unjust to me. irepl has here the sense in reference to, in what per- 
tains to. ^H yap avdyKf) (= avaynalSv ecrrt), certainly, for it is necessary 

(to confess that I have wronged you). Cf. Vig. p. 163. V. *Eti ovv av 

yevoio, can you then still be. en here relates to the future. on ovh* is to 

be joined in translation with the next clause, / should never seem so at least to 
you. Kriig. says that on in this and similar places arises from a blending of 
two constructions : aireKpivaro, on ovk av do^airo, and aireKpivaro • ovk av 5J- 
%ai/.u. We have here a striking example of the force of conscience. To all 
the charges Orontes unhesitatingly plead guilty; and when virtually asked 
what should be done with him, his reply bespoke his deep conviction, that he 
must be put aside as one no longer to be trusted. 

0# fiev rotavra — 5e Toiavra. With fxlv and 5e there is frequently a repeti- 
tion {anaphora) of the same word. See Mt. § 622. 2. iKirodkv Troieia&ai, 



Chap. VIL] NOTES. 257 

should be put out of the way, i. e. put to death. For diri — § (commonly 

edited Scot-— efy), cf. Mt. § 518; Butt. § 139. 2; S. § 214. 2.' -rovrov (pv- 

AaTT€<rdru, to be on our guard against him, to be watching him. H. 540. a. 

i rb Kara rovrov elvai, as far as he is concerned, limits o^oA?) y Tjfuv. H. 

§780. a; S. § 182. 

10. e<£77. Clearchus was relating this to the Greeks. irpoa^a-^ai (sc. 

t)\v \^rj(pov), acceded to ; lit. added (their vote) to. ikd^ovro rys (wy-qs rbv 

*Op6vTriv, they took hold of Orontes by the girdle. H. § 574. b. Mt. (§ 330) 
says that for the most part only mid. verbs are constructed in this way with 
the gen. As it respects the Persian custom here spoken of, cf. 6 (xkv Aapeios 
imkafiofxevos tt)s rov XapiS'hfiov £wvr)s Kara rbv ray Tlepo-wv vopov irapeScoKG 

ro7s inr-qperais Ka\ Trpoaera^v aTroKrtivat, Diod. XYII. 30. iirl &avara>, (as 

a sign that he was condemned) to death. Some consider inl as used here, of 
aim or design, and supply the ellipsis thus : (in order to lead him) to death. 

H. § 640. c. Kal ol cvyyeveh, even his relatives. irpoo'eKvyow, were in 

the habit of prostrating themselves before him. Xotice the force of theimperf. 

Kal rore, even then. &yoiro depends upon eidores, which borrows the 

time of irpoo~cKvvricrav. 

lit gktyrtovxw (lit. wand-bearers) = €vvoyx wj/ -> tms c ^ ass of persons being 
the usual attendants or body-guard of the Persian kings. Cf. Cyrop. VII. 3. 

§ IT; 5. §§ 58-60. ovre strengthens the negation of o&cls. S. § 230. 

1. ouS' oirws, nor in what way. It was thought he was buried alive in the 

tent. Cf. Tlepo-tKhv 5e rb (<avras Karopva-areiy, Herod. VII. 114. et'Scfo, 

knowing. ttKafyv &\\oi &\\ws, some conjectured one thing and some 

another ; lit. i?i one way — in another. 



CHAPTEE VII. 

1. BafivXcavias, i. e. Babylonia Proper. The Assyrian or Chaldean empire 
embraced, Mesopotamia, or the northern district of country between the Tigris 
and Euphrates (cf. N. on 4. § 19) ; Babylonia, comprising the narrow isthmus 
between those rivers, commencing on the north where the streams converge to 
about 20 miles of each other, and extending about 300 miles towards the Per- 
sian gulf; and the eastern district beyond the Tigris, called Atur. It was 
where the Tigris and Euphrates were approaching so near to each other, that 
Cyrus was now marching, The fertility of this tract was so great, that Herod. 
(I. 193) says it commonly (rb irapdirav) yielded of corn two hundred fold, and 
in remarkable seasons, three hundred fold. Here at different periods, rose, 
nourished, and fell, the celebrated cities, Nineveh, Babylon, Seleucia, Ctesi- 
phon, and Bagdad. The peculiar and advantageous situation of this region, 
as a great thoroughfare for the caravan trade between Eastern and Western 



258 NOTES. [Book I. 

Asia, is ably set forth in " Commerce of ancient Babylon," Bib. Repos. VII. 

pp. 364-90. ir€pl niaas vvKras, about midnight. i^eractv iroieirai. 

The place of this review was about 36 miles N. of Cunaxa, and 72 miles N. of 
Babylon. This is based on the supposition that a parasang was three geograph. 

miles. €is tV imovcrav €o>, upon the next morning, els is joined with 

words signifying time, the action being thought of as taking place when the 

time spoken of is reached. See H. § 620. b. fMaxovfxevov, in order to join 

battle. Cf. Mt. § 578. e; S. § 225. 5 ; H. § 789. d. rod de^iov Kepws, sc. of 

the Greeks. Cf. N. on 2. § 15. rod ebwvvpiov, sc. nipccs from the pre- 
ceding clause. avrbs .... SteVale. Cyrus in person marshalled the Bar- 
barian forces. 

2* afia ry iiriovo"y yfxipa, together with the following day == early the next 
morning. Mt. (§ 597) says that when a/xa is used with the dat., avv is sup- 
plied. Buttmann, however (§ 146. 3), makes apa in such a case a real prepo- 
sition. Cf. H. § 602. b. airhysKkoVy brought a report, reported. irepl 

— crparias, concerning the army. Kox^yovsy cohort leaders, captains, who 

were usually admitted to the councils of war. Cf. II. 2. § 3; III. 1. § 29; 

IV. 1. § 12, et ssep. al. rh — Kai, both — and, connect cvvefiovXevsro and 

^ap-yvei. S. § 236. 3. irapyvei frappvvwv TotaSe, exhorted them in terms 

like the following. 

3. av&p6ir<av. S. § 200. 3 ; H. § 584. b ; C. § 529. a. airopwv, being 

in want of. A tropical signification. Cf. N. on airopla, 3. § 13. <rvjujuc£- 

Xovs. See N. on <tv(jl&ov\ov 9 6. § 5. i/oplfyv denotes the cause. S. § 225. 

4 ; H. § 789. c. apelvovas and upslrrovs are conjoined for the sake of i 

emphasis. So \$ov nai &, jj.su/ov, VI. 2. § 15. "Onus ovv ccreo-fre, sc. iwipLe- 

Ae?(r3-6 (Mt. § 623. 2), see then that you are. Butt. (§ 139. p. 376) says that 

oiras ecec&e supplies the place of an emphatic imperative. rjs is put by 

attraction for rjv. /ce/rnjcd-e has the signification of the pres. Cf. S. § 211. 

N. 6. virep rjs, on account of which. Eu yap fore, for know well — be 

assured, yap illustrantis (see N. on 6. § 6). iXev&epiav. Cf. 9. § 29, 

where Cyrus is called dovXos, slave of the king. avri wv *= avr\ rovrwv a, 

before those things which. irdvrwv ko.1 aWcav TroKKairXaaiwv, (yes) all and 

much more besides. Cf. S. § 175. 2. 

4. "Oirws, in order that. Tb jikv ir\r}&os, sc. ia-ri. Some may prefer 

the construction, they come, a great multitude and with much noise. e7ri- 

aa-iv. Cf. S. § 124, el/ju. ravra refers to Kpavyy and irXyfros in the pre- 
ceding clause. Mt. (p. 725) makes ravra r'efer to Kpavyy, and says a pron. is 
sometimes put in the neut. plur., even when the word to which it refers is in 

the masc. or fern. sing. ra &AAa, in other respects. Cf. Butt. § 150. 

p. 436. aio'xvi'so'&ai /xol Sok$ o'iovs rj/iny yvuxreff^e robs iv ry x&P a ^ vras 

av&pdoTTovs, I think (I have reason) to be ashamed (sc. ivbvjxovjievos, when I 
consider) what sort of people you will find my countrymen to be ; lit. the men 
who live in our country. For the construction of yfuv — x^pfy cf. S. § 201. 5. 



Chap. VIL] NOTES. 259 

The common reading is riixwv. avtip&v, virorum, is opposed to av&pdrirovs, 

homines, in the preceding sentence. eyco v}jlu>v. u The indispensable em- 
phasis of the first, and the beautiful energy of both together, so oratorically 

thrown in, deserve to be particularly marked." Belfour. roh oXkol (n\(o- 

r6v, (so rich as to be) an object of envy to those at home. rb. nap* £jjlo\ 

.... otKoi, to 'prefer the things with me to those at home = to prefer remain- 
ing with me to returning home. Notice the force of the article. S. § 168. 
2 ; H. § 496 ; C. § 694. a. 

5. cpvyas 'Sdfjaos, a Samian exile. Samos was an island in the JSgean sea, 

S. W. of Ephesus. Ka\ firjj/, but yet. diet, rb ev roiovrcp eluai rov kiv- 

dvvov irpocriovros, because you are in such imminent danger. For the con- 
struction of ev roiovrcp — rov Kivdvvov (= ev roiovrcp Kivdvvcp), cf. Mt. § 341. 4; 

S. § 188. 1 ; H. § 559. c. av 5' ev yevyrai ri, if any thing should turn 

out well. Reference is had in r\ to the undertaking of Cyrus. evicn Se, sc. 

\eyovcriv, some say. fxefivcpS is the perf. mid. opt. 2 pers. sing, of lAifxvi)- 

a-Kw, with the signif. of the pres. S. §§ 133; 211. N; H. § 712. re nai, 

and even. f3ov\oio, sc. awotiovvai. 

6. irarpcfa, paternal. irpos, extending to. fxecrrjin^piav ((Micros, Tjfue- 

pa. Butt. § 19. N. 1), mid-day ; hence trop. mid-day quarter, i. e. south. 

ftexpis ov, i. e. fMexpis eKelvov (rov roirov) ottov, to the place where, or more 

concisely, to where. See Mt. § 480. b; C. § 755. a. ^XP 15 °v ^ La X €L ~ 

fiwva, to where (men cannot live) on account of the cold. crarpairevovcriv, 

govern as satraps. This speech of Cyrus was in the exaggerated style of 
Eastern monarchs. Cf. Dan. 4:1; 6 : 25. 

7# Pixels, plur. for sing., the style of royalty. "Cicrre, so that. fxij 

ovk exa>, that I shall not have. u fii] alone with the subj., opt., and indie, ex- 
presses apprehension of an affirmative, /x^ ovk of a negative." Tig. p. 167; 
H. § 720. d. /ify in /*^ ovk retains its power, although we must translate it 
by that or lest, and leave the following negative to stand alone. Cf. Butt. 

§ 148. N. 7. a. Ikwovs, sufficient (in numbers). KaX crrecpavov eKoicrrcp 

Xpvcrovv, also (i. e. in addition to what was previously promised) to each a 
golden crown. 

8. Elcnrjecav 5e 7rap* avrbv k. r. \. As the generals had previously been 
with Cyrus (cf. § 2), the insertion of o'l re crrpar^yoX involves this passage in 
much obscurity. Schneid. with Weisk. rejects o% re crparyjyoi, an easy but 
very unsatisfactory way to dispose of the difficulty. Poppo suggests the omis- 
sion of \oxayovs in § 2, and its substitution here in the place of o'l re err part]- 
you But this is at variance with the readings of all the MSS., and cannot 
therefore be entertained. Kriiger regards eicrrjecrav .... rives, as explanatory 

of the preceding ot 5e ravra aKovcravres, qui ho3C audierant ; audierant 

autem non modo duces, sed alii GroBcorwn, qui in Cyri tabernaculum intrarant. 
Bornemann translates : intraverunt autem ad Cyrum non modo duces sed etiam 
ceterorum Grcecoru?n aliquot, and making crparrjyol include both the generals 



260 NOTES. [Book I. 

and captains, refers rwv #AAwv 'EwJjvgoj/ nvh to the common soldiers, who in 
separate parties visited the tent of Cyrus, to learn their hopes from his liber- 
ality. This seems to be the best solution of the difficulty. a^iovvras eiSe- 

vai, desiring (lit. deeming it fit) to know. ri ufyicriv earou, what they should 

have, i. e. what should be their reward. For the mood of the orat. recta, see 
N. on 3. § 14. ifjLTwrKds. Cf. Butt. p. 29Y; S. § 133. n. (end). 

9. A'-}/ fidx*(r&ai 9 *• e - not to ex P ose himself to personal danger in the bat- 
tle. — raTTea&cu, to take his position ; lit. station himself. a>8e Trees 

tfpero Kvpov, made some such inquiry of Cyi^us (as this). a>5e ircas, . nearly 

thus. Ofei yap, do you think then. col fjLaxe?<T&ai. Kriiger thinks 

that this refers to a single combat between the brothers, which if the king 
should shun, Cyrus, not having an adversary of equal dignity with himself, 

ought not {Clearcho judice) to personally engage in battle. efrre/) ye, 

if at least. Aapelov Kal Tlapvcdridos k. t. A. A high as well as delicate 

compliment to his parents and himself. ifxbs dh ade\<pos, and a brother of 

mine. ravra refers to the Persian throne for which these brothers were 

contending. 

10. 'Evrav&a $% iv rrj i£oir\i(ria = at this time (so Kriig., but Pop. makes 
ivrav&a contain the idea both of time and place), when the army was standing 
equipped and marshalled for battle. It is evident that the apt&fibs took place, 
not when they were in the act of arming and marshalling themselves, but im- 
mediately subsequent thereto. ao-Trls for ao"jnh*o<p6poi. In like manner 

rrjs 'ittitov, Herod. VII. 100, is used for r&v imriap. So in English, horse and 

foot are put for cavalry and infantry ; artillery for artillery-men. fivpia 

Kal TeTpaKo<Tia. By comparing the numbers of the heavy-armed, which have 
been given, it will be seen that 11,000 (2. § 9)— 100 (2. § 25) + 700 (4. § 3) 
-f-400 (deserters from Abrocomas, 4. § 3) = 12,000. But in this api^/mos, the 
number of heavy-armed is only 10,400. Weisk. with Zeim. thinks that those 
who were left to guard the baggage (10. § 3), are not included in this number. 
So Kriig., Pop., and Born. Some may have died on the march, others may 
have been on the sick list. A few left the army with Xenias and Pasion. 
Some changed their heavy for light armor, as we find the number of the pel- 

tasts is increased instead of being diminished. SpeTravrjcpopa, scythed- 

chariots. Cf. N. on 8. § 10. 

11. ^AAAot 5e %<rav. See X. on 5. § 5. irpb avrov Pcurt\4cos 9 hi front 

of the king himself as his body-guard. 

12. Kal crparriyol Kal rjyefioves. Weisk. followed by Kriig. attributes 
these words to some glossarist; but Dind., Born., Pop., and Kiihn. receive 
them as genuine. They are probably joined to fyxovres, causa cxplicationis. 
fMvpiddcav, sc. frpxew. £vzvi)KovTa fivpidSes. Many suppose that this in- 
cludes the followers of the army. Ctesias gives the number of the king's 
forces 400,000. vo-rep-rice. Kriig. (de authent. p. 4. N. 13) charges Abro- 
comas with treachery, in coming so tardily to the assistance of the king. The 



I 



Chap. VII.] NOTES. 261 

route, however, which he took may have been less direct, than the one through 
the desert taken by Cyrus. 

13. irpbs Kvpov is to be constructed with ot avro[xo\7]cravres, since ayyiTO^ca 

is followed by the dat. of the pers. ol avro/jLoX^trayr^s 4k rcav iroXc/xicay s== 

4ksivol TOiV TroXefLLODV ot r)VTOfjLoAr,K€(raj'. Cf. S. § 188. N. 1 ; H. § 786. So in 
the next clause, ot varzpov 4\T]cpSn)cTav rcov TroAejjLiwv = ot iroXifAioi dt vcrrepov 
£\r}(p&7i<rav. Cf. Mt. § 321. 5. 4k — irapd, out of— from the side of See Ns. 

on 2. § 5 ; 5. § 2. fiera ryv jJ-axw is to be taken with ravra ijyyeXKoj/ 

(reported the same things), and thus the sentence is freed from an apparent 
tautology in the use of vcrrepov. 

H. (rvvT€TayiJ.4va), in order of battle. yap after aero introduces the 

reason why Cyrus marched in battle array. So yap in Kara, yap /jl4o~ov 9 assigns 

the reason why he thought the king would fight that day. rdcppos opvur-f], 

" est forma dicendi Homerica." Zeun. opyvtal is in apposition with rdcppos, 

being a varied construction for rdcppos bpyvi&v Ttivrs. The 6pyvia= 6.0675 
English feet. This trench was therefore about 30 ft. wide and 18. ft. deep; a 
formidable one indeed to pass with an army. 

15. MrjSlas rdxovs. See N. on II. 4. § 12. "Ev&a 5^, here, by the 

way. at Stcapvxes k. r. \. Rennell (p. 76) says that on their entry into 

the plains of Babylonia, the Euphrates runs on a higher level than the Tigris. 
" The difference in the levels of the river is so slight, that probably by merely 
altering the diagonal direction of a canal, the waters could be made to flow 
either way, certainly so at certain seasons." Ainsworth. o.tt6. See N. on 

| 5. § 2. SiaAelirovcri 5e kudo^rt] izapaadyyr\v, and are distant from each 

other a parasang. For the construction of eKacrrv with a plur. verb, cf. Mt. 
§ 302 ; S. § 150. N. 3 ; H. § 514. b. It is regarded by Rennell very improba- 
ble that four canals of such dimensions, should have been dug in the short 
space of a league, and drawn from a river of less than 500 feet in breadth. 

16. The narrative, interrupted by the digression respecting the canals, is 
here resumed, nap* avrbv rbv Evcppdr7]u. See X. on 7rapa r\\v o§ov, 2. § 13. 
irdpohos crev-f}. Maj. Rennell thinks that this narrow pass was left be- 
cause the trench could not be finished. "Equidem propterea relictum puto, 

ne fossam aqua repleret." Kriig. iroie? — irvvSdvsrai. Butt. (§ 137. N. 7) 

says that every other language must here in both instances have employed the 

pluperfect. irpooreXavvovra is the supplementary participle. H. § 799. 3 ; 

S. g 225. 7. The construction is proleptic. See N. on 2. § 21. 

17. irdpoBov — irapr)?&e. For the construction, cf. S. § 181. 2. cfirw, 

within, i. e. on the side towards Babylon. fxhv ovv, so then. The corre- 
sponding 5e is found in § 20. faav— X%vn ^oAAa. Rost (§ 100. 4. N. 4) 

says, "the subject in the neut. plur. takes the plur. verb, when the idea of 
individuals in the plurality requires to be made distinct and prominent." Cf. 
H. § 515. Exc. a. 

18. 2iAcw/dV, Silanus, from Ambracia in Epirus and the principal sooth- 



262 NOTES. [Book I. 

sayer in the army of the Greeks. His perfidy towards Xenophon is detailed, 

V. 6. § 16. on, because, Cf. N. on 2. § 21. ry evdeKarr) air' GKeivrjs 

rrjs TjfJLepas TrpSrepov, on the eleventh day previous to that day. on jSacn- 

Aei/s ov fiax^rai is the orat. recta. See N. on on ov 9 6. § 7. ovk &pa t'n 

paxe'irai, then he will never fight Cyrus supposed his brother would make a 
stand at the rdtypos, which was within ten days' march. If so advantageous 
a position should be abandoned by the king, it furnished evidence that he 
would not hazard a battle. 

19» 'E7rel S*, but inasmuch as. aireyvcaKsvai rod fxax^crbai (gen. of sep- 
aration), had given up the intention of fighting. The vulgar reading is rod 
fiaxeitr&ou. It is probable that the error of the king in not making a stand at 
this ditch, proved in the end to be of signal advantage to him, inasmuch as the 
battle here would have been more compressed than at Cunaxa, and as a proba- 
ble consequence, the Greeks would have been opposed to the king in person, 

which could not but have resulted in his complete overthrow. &ct€ — eVo- 

pevsro. See N. on 1. § 8. fyteA^eVos' ^.aAAo?, more negligently, less 

circumspectly. 

20. iirl rod apfxaros. See N. on 2. § 16. Ka^/xevos denotes manner. 

S. § 225. 3 ; H. § 788. r)]V iropeiau iiroieiro = iiropevero. to Se -ttoAu, 

sc. rod ffrpa.revp.oLros. iv Tafei, in order. " ordine servato." Sturz. 

rois crrpaTidorais properly follows yjyovro (S. § 201. 1) as dat. commodi. See 
N. on 1. § 9. Some construct it as = the adnom. gen. after r&v oirXwv. S. 
§ 201. 5. 



' 



CHAPTER VIII. 



1. KdX serves here as a general connective with what was detailed in the i 
last chapter, while rh — Ka\ which follow, unite the clauses of the sentence. 

fy. The subject is indefinite. C. § 772. o.jj.^1 ayopav irX^ovcay, 

about full market time, i. e. some time between nine and twelve o'clock. Dio 
Chrys. divides the day into five parts: 1. irpoi', morning ; 2. irepl ayopdv, 
full market, forenoon ; 3. juetr^jSpfa, noon ; 4. deiXw, afternoon ; 5. Icnre- 
pa, evening, ayopa wX'fi&ovcra answers to our full 'change. Cf. Herod. VII. 

223; Thucyd. VIII. 92. KaraXvo-eiv = to halt for the night, to encamp ; 

lit. to loose, or unbind (the beasts of burden), i. e. unharness or unload them. 

roov ajxcpl Kvpov irio'Ttop depends on Tlarayvas with the idea of belonging 

to = being one of Cyrus's faith fid attendants. Cf. 5. § 15. For the con- f! 

struction, see H. § 557; S. § 188. 1. ava. Kpdros, at full speed. t<£ 

'liciTc?. Mt. (§ 396) classes this with the dat. of means or instrument. Pa- 
tagyas had probably been sent forward either to reconnoitre, or, what is more 
likely, to make some preparations at the cra^fibs where they were intending 
to encamp. fiapfZapucws = ne/Kn<rrt, in the Persian language. irpocr- 



Chap. VIII.] NOTES. 263 

epx^rat, indicat. of direct quotation. See N. on 6. § t j. cos els fidxnv, 

as for battle. irapecrKevaffixevos, perf. of completed action. 

2* rdpaxos, tumult, trepidation. teal irdvres 5e, and indeed all, i. e. 

the Barbarians as well as the Greeks. imTreae'ia&ai has jScunAe'cc understood 

for its subject. 

3. Kal in Kal KvpSs re serves as a general connective, while tc corresponds 
to re in rots re &Wois. As it respects the place where the battle was fought, 
Plut. (Yit. Artax. 8) says it was called Cunaxa, and was distant from Babylon 
600 stadia. Mannert locates it a few miles south of the wall of Media. The 
time of the engagement is fixed by Rennell at Sept. 7, but by Larch., the lat- 
ter part of Oct. ra iraXra. — ras x e ?P as j a ^ s javelins — his hands. See N . 

on 5. § 15. Ka&io'Taa&ai els (see N. on 1. § 3) tV eavrov rd^iv eicaarou, 

and each one to take his station hi the company to which he belonged; lit. 
in his own company. 

4o Kriig. says that unless rod tteparos is rejected as a vicious reading, it is 

to be explained : ra 5e|ict rovrov rod (8e£iov) Keparos. $ exopevos, being 

close (to him); lit. holding on to. H. § 691. Kal rb crpdrevpa, and his 

(i. e. Menon's) army. See N. on ra ira\rd, § 3 supra. 

5* iinreis fxev TLaQKayoves. See N". on V. 6. § 8. irapd, near to. 

6. Kvpos Be Kal imre?s. Supply eo-rrjerav from the preceding section. 

offov, to the number of— about. Leun. from an ancient version supplies 

Kara rb fieaov after e^aKocioi. These words, however, are omitted in all the 
MSS., and besides, it appears from a comparison of § 24 with §§ 13, 23, that 
Cyrus stationed himself on the left wing. abroi, they themselves, in distinc- 
tion from oi S* Imroi (§ 7). \pi\-f}j/, i. e. he had no helmet on his head. 

That he wore a turban is evident from the nature of the case, as well as from 
the testimony of Ctesias (cf. Plut. Artax. 11), who says that in the battle his 
tiara fell off. This was probably the ridpa 6p&) (cf. II. 5. § 23), upright tiara, 
an outward assumption of the royal dignity for which he was contending. 

7. oi fxera, Kvpov is an adjunct of tVirot, and therefore as it follows its 

subst. takes the article. See N. on 4. § 7. 5e is the connective. 

elxov — Kai, had also. jxaxalpas. Sturz defines : gladius, quo caesim feri- 

tur. Kriig. says, " erat fidxaipa gladius leviter curvatus falci similis (Curt. 
Till. 14, 29), quo csesim feriebatur, ^i(j>os ensis, quo punctim." The pdxaipa 
was worn by Homer's heroes along with the i;l<po$ (cf. II. 3 : 271), and was 
used on almost all occasions instead of a knife. So we find (IY. 7. § 16) that 
the Chalybes employed this weapon in cutting their enemies' throats ; and the 
Greeks (IY. 6. § 26), in cutting to pieces the bucklers which they had taken 
from the enemy. It is evident therefore that the fidx^ipa was of the 
knife kind, and was used, as Yates remarks (Smith's Gr. and Rom. Antiq. 
p. 809), by the Greek horsemen, as a weapon of offence preferable to the long 
sword. 

8. Kal tidy re, and note. cWA.17. Cf. X. on § 1. Buttmann (Lexil. 



264 NOTES. [Book h 

p. 217) says that the events which follow show that 5e/A7j here means the early 
'part of the afternoon. Cf. VII. 3. §§ 9, 10, where Seuthes says that there are 
villages to which the army may march with ease before dinner, and afterwards 
their arrival is described as taking place T7?s dd\r)s, which could not have been 
long after noon. In III. 4. § 34 ; IV. 2. § 1, it is apparent from the context 
that 8eiA?7 means the advanced part of the afternoon. So also in III. 3. § 11, 
where it is translated by some, in the evening. But as Butt. (Lexil. p. 218) 
remarks, Xenophon u may have very fairly said of an army, which, after a 
march constantly interrupted by the enemy, reaches a certain point some- 
where about four o'clock where it intends to pass the night, that after march- 
ing the whole day it had advanced only two miles and a half, and had arrived 
in the afternoon at a certain point ; and as the context shows that the time 
meant was one drawing towards the evening, the word 8el\7) was quite suffi- 
cient to mark it." Kovioprhs (novia, tppvjui), dust raised, a cloud of dust 

XP° VC ? ^ °v crvxvq* Leuncl. taking o-t'x*"? in the sense of much, and 

knowing that although it was afternoon when the enemy appeared in sight, a 
battle was yet to be fought, inserted the negative ov which Hutch., Dind., and 
Pop. have followed. But this was unnecessary since if <rvxv$ == Tro?\\$, it may 
have been so relatively, i. e. as it appeared to the excited Greeks, against whom 
such a cloud of war was slowly (cf. § 11 infra) and majestically approaching. 
But one of the definitions which Hesych. gives to ovxvd, is <jvv*xr\, closely, 
joined, which, if adopted here, would give to xp° vc P cvx v $ tne signification, 

immediately after, in a very short time. ixsXavia. ris, a certain blackness 

— something black. rdxa $b kclI xccAkos ns tfa-rpairre, i. e. sudden gleams 

from the armor flashed through the cloud of dust, rls imparts indefiniteness, 
as though at first through the cloud of dust there was something like the gleam- 

ing of b7*ass. jjcrrpaTrrs (cf. Cyr. VI. 4. § 1), began to fash. \6yx<*h 

lances. The Grecian spear consisted of the hopv, shaft, pole, and \6yxVy 
cuXP'h', i ron head or point, both of which essential parts are often put for the 
whole. Kara<pave7s, clearly seen. The occasional gleam of the bright ar- 
mor through this dark cloud of dust, followed by the magnificent display as 
the ranks came fully in sight, must have had a thrilling effect upon Cyrus and 
his army. 

9. XevKo&copaices, having white cuirasses. Hutch. (N. on V. 4. § 2) re- 
marks that these cuirasses, like the bucklers there spoken of, were covered 
with hides of white oxen. But it is far more reasonable to consider them the 

same as the \ivo? &d>panes of IV. 1. § 15. Cf. Cyr. VI. 4. § 2. ixopwoi 

de tovtcov. Cf. K on § 4. For the construction of the gen., cf. H. § 574. b; 

S. § 192. 2. y€ppo(p6pot. Sturz defines yippov, scutum Persicum c vimini- 

bus contextum speciem quadrati oblongi ref evens. These wicker frames were 
usually covered with leather or hides. " In contending with the Asiatic na- 
tions, whose principal weapon of offence was the bow, the use of this light, 
though large, buckler must have given the Persian a manifest advantage, but 



Chap. VIII.] NOTES. 265 

j opposed no adequate resistance to the ponderous lance of the Greeks." Stack- 
er's X. on Herod. IX. 99. iro5??pe(n, reaching to the feet. Cf. Cyr. VI. 2. 

! § 10. AlyviTTLoi. They were probably from the Egyptian colonies planted 

in Asia Minor by the elder Cyrus. See my Xote on Cyrop. VII. 1. § 45. 

Kara e&vr), by nations, i. e. each nation by itself, a common custom in the Per- 
sian armies. Cf. Herod. VII. 60, 100. eV TrXaicicp irX-fipei, in a full 

square. Cf. III. 4. § 19, where irXalaLou has the epithet ia-oirXevpov. Bloom. 
(X. Thucyd. VI. 67) says it was called TrXalo-ioy from its brick-like form. 
Some translate, in an oblong full of men, i. e. the men being close together. 

zkcmttov to e&vos is in apposition with 'irdures 5e ovtol, and is followed by 

iwopeveTO in the sing., although the proper subject is in the plur. Cf. Mt. 
§ 302. a. Obs. For the use of the article in eKacrrov to edros, cf. Mt. § 265. 
5; S. §147. X. 2. 

10. Repeat iiropeveTO with irpb 5e clvtuv. SiaXeiirovra ffv%vbv {— iroXv, 

so Suid.) air* aWyAcav, at a considerable distance from one another. 4k 

t(H)V at6voov els irXayiov airoTeTafxiva (H. § 712; S. § 211. 2), extending 

obliquely from the axle-trees. virb toIs Zifypois, under the seats. Cf. Cyr. 

VI. 1. §§ 29, 30. els yr\v PXeirovTa, pointing (lit. looking) downwards. 

" Sometimes the scythe was inserted parallel to the axle into the felly of the 
wheel, so as to revolve, when the chariot was in motion, with more than thrice 
the velocity of the chariot itself." Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 408. 
These scythed-chariots were never very serviceable, and often, when the 
horses attached to them were wounded or the driver slain, turned back with 

great havoc upon the army to which they belonged. yvdfj.7), design. 

cos els tcls Tci£eis t&v 'YtKkfyuv eXoovTcav (for £\ao~6vT<av), that they might drive 
into the ranks of the Greeks. For the construction of ws — iAojvTcw, cf. S. 
§ 223. a; H. § 795. e. 

11. t)]V Kpavyr]U T&y fizpfiapw. Cf. 7. §4. cnyy &s auuCTbu (= Su- 

var6v\ as silently as possible. eV fcrw, sc. fir)fj.aTt, with equal step, at the 

same pace. 

12. ifioa, i. e. he issued the command in a loud voice. kclto. jx{<tov, 

against the centre. on e/ce? fiacriAevs etr], because the king teas there. The 

infinit. &yew in the leading sentence does not prevent the use of the optat. in 

the subordinate one. H. § 738. irav& r t ^juv ireiroiTiTai — our work is 

done; lit. every thing has been done (= will be done, S. § 211. X". 3) by us. 
For the construction of fifiiv Treiroi^Tai, cf. S. § 206. 4. 

13. rb ixicrov CTicpos, the central troop. Reference is here had to the 6000 
horsemen drawn up before the king as his body guard. Cf. 7. § 11 ; 8. § 24. 

aKovcov Kvpov. " The verb clkovcc, commonly governs the accus. of the 

sound, and the gen. of that which produces it," Butt. § 132. 10. h. For the 

construction of vvtcl, cf. X. on &ov\evo}xevos, 1. § 7. toctovtov — irepirjj/, 

was so much superior. u>ctt6 fxecrov to eavTod ix<*>v, that although being in. 

the centre of his (army). The particip. has here a concessive sense. § 225. 

12 



266 NOTES. [Book I. 

6 ; H. § 789. f. fare — $v. See N. on 1. § 8. aAA' is here employed in 

consequence of the preceding parenthesis commencing with rocrovroy ydp. 

This will also account for the repetition of the proper name KXeapxos. 

opus, yet, i. e. notwithstanding the command of Cyrus, and the information 

communicated respecting the position of the king. avT$ jnehoi oircas /caA&s 

%X 0l -> h e would take care that all things should go iccll. gttws Ka\ws e'xot 
(see Nl on *x* LV i *• § 5) is the subject of p.eXoi. 

14. iv rovrcp r<$ Kaipcp = in the mean while. 6fia\ws, eodem gressu. 

Sturz. "Sine dubio," says Bornemann, "Cyri exercitus non Artaxerxis." 
But it is more natural to refer it to the army of the king. See § 11 supra. 
It must have been a sublime spectacle, to see so many thousands with their 
glittering armor and flashing weapons, approaching in slow and measured 
tread to battle. 

" The host moves like a deep-sea wave, 
Where rise no rocks its pride to brave, 
High swelling, dark, and slow." 



Cf. Par. Lost, YI. 78—85. en ip t<J> avrcp (sc. totto)) fiei/ov, remaining yet 

in the same place where they first began to form. (rvperdTrero, were 

forming, imperf. of continued action. — — e/c tw Kt* irpoaiovTajv^ from those 
who were still coming up. As the army was proceeding in a secure and 
negligent manner when first advised of the approach of the king's forces, 
some of the soldiers were probably far behind. These, as they came up, 
would seize their arms from the baggage wagons (cf. 7. § 20), and fall into 

their respective companies. ov irdvv irp6s, not very near to, i. e. at a mod- 

erate distance from. He rode out far enough to have a view of both armies. 
iKarcpaxre, in each direction. aTrofiAeirwi/y fixing his eyes upon, look- 
ing attentively at. This word is added to Kar&earo in order to give particu- 
larity to the expression. 

15« curb is employed here as in 2. § 7, on which see Note. Eeyo^&j/ 

*A&7}vcuos 9 Xenophon an Athenian. See N. on III. 1. § 4. virz\daas, , 

having rode up. Sturz with Hutch, renders, equo nonnihil incitato. But 

Kriig. more correctly makes virb give to iXavvco the idea of approach. d 

(whether. S. § 215. N. 6) is here followed by the opt., because rfpero, upon 

which trapayyiwoi depends, expresses time past. Cf. S. § 212. 3. tiri- 

a-T-fjcas, sc. vbv 'iirirov. on .... Ka\d. It is common to supply tin, but 

the mood of the oratio recta is admissible. See N. on 6. § 7. Ta Upa kcl\ 

ra (r<pdyia. Divinations were taken both from the entrails of the victim, and 
the circumstances attending its sacrifice. To such an extent was the latter 
mode of divination practised, that the fire of the sacrifice, the smoke, wine, 
water, etc., were all carefully noticed. Hence Upa may signify the entrails, a 
principal source of divination, and <r<pdyia (from crtydfa, to slay), the victims, 
i. e. the circumstances attending the sacrifice, and the motions of the animal 
when slaughtered. 



Chap. VHI.] XOTES. 267 

16. &opv$ov> a clamor. lovros, i. e. as it was going. He was able to 

follow its course through the ranks. o 5e zevocpuv. Dind. following cer- 
tain MSS. reads 6 Se KAeapxos. 6 &6pvfios, the noise. The noun when re- 
peated usually takes the article in a restrictive sense. rb crvv&v^La, (he 

word, tessera militaris. u This countersign, which consisted of one, two, or 
more words, was given with the voice, first from the general to the inferior 
officers to avoid confusion, and from them through the whole army, after 

which it was returned back to the general." Weiske. Sevrepov, second 

time. Kal bs = Kal ovros. H. § 525. b. 

17. aWa contrasts Cyrus's ready acceptance of the watchword, with the 

doubt and uncertainty indicated by his previous question. dexopiai re. 

Some erroneously supply rbv ol&vov. Kriig. understands rb trvvfrrifia, and 

paraphrases: ui bonum omen accipio hanc tesseram, ciarr\piav Kal v[kt\v. 

tgvto eo-Tcu, let this be, i. e. may it happen that safety and victory shall be 
ours. Some translate, let th is be (the watchword). But this interpretation is 

too frigid. els r)]v eavrov x&P av > *■ e - a ^ * ne head of the barbarian forces 

of his army. e7raidvi(ov. The Schol. on Thucyd. I. 50 says, " the Greeks 

sang two paeans, one before battle to Mars, the other after it to Apollo." The 
Spartans called the paean sung before the engagement, iraiav ijj.(3arr,pios. The 
practice of singing it after the fight was over, is said to have arisen from the 
fact, that Apollo sung it after his victory over the Pythian dragon. 

18. iropevoixevojv, sc. avrcov. Cf. X. on 2. § 17. i^eKv/j.aive, fluctuated, 

broke away from (the line). This metaphor taken from a swelling, projecting 

wave of the sea, is full of beauty and energy. For the construction of rr,s 

<pd\ayyos 9 cf. S. § 188. 1 ; H. § 559. rb em\enrop.evov, the part (of the 

line) which was left behind. Cf. S. § 225. 1 ; H. § 7S6. ■ $p6jj.cp &e7v, to 

run with speed. So to give fullness to the expression, we say to go running, 

to proceed upon the run. olov rrep, just as. 'EvvaXice, one of the 

names of Mars. e\e\i(ovcri, they shout e\e\ev. Some fancy that {\e\ev 

may have arisen from the Heb. PP 4??il. ra?s ccnricri npbs ra Sopara 

iSoinrTicrav. AVe should have expected ro7s Sopaai trpbs ras aaTriSas iSovirri- 
aav. <po&ov TTotovvres, in order to frighten. Cf. S. § 225. 5. 

19. Uplv 5e ro^evfia e£iKve7a&ai, but before an arrow reached (them) = be- 
fore they came within bow-shot. Kara Kpdros, with all their might ; lit. 

according to might. H. § 632. c. ^ &e7v Spo/xcp (dat. of manner). The 

reason for this may be drawn from the next clause. Cf. Thucyd. T. 70. 

20. Ta Se apfxara ecpepero ra /lev, but some of the chariots were borne 

along ; lit. but the chariots were borne along, some, kc. ra. jj.Iv and Ta Be 

are in partitive apposition with ra ap}xara. II. § 500. b. Keva rpioxw, 

without (their) charioteers. Keva, literally empty. Gl Be, i. e. the Greeks, 

eirel irpo'lBoiev (se. ra apfxara). Cf. X. on 5. § 2. tern de oar is, 

there was (one) who = some one. Cf. Butt. § 150. p. 442; Mt. § 482. 

Kai, even. Zba-irep ev l-mrodpSixca, as in a hippodrome. Cf. Smith's Gr. and 



268 NOTES. [Book I. 

Rom. Antiq. p. 895. iiarXayeis, having been struck with terror, and there- 
fore losing their self-possession at the sudden approach of these chariots. 
ir\rjy of the 2 aor. pass, becomes TrAery in composition. Cf. S. § 133. n. The 
student will notice the strengthening repetition of the negatives in the follow- 
ing clauses. 

21» to kcl& clvtovs, the enemy opposed to them. So Kriig. and Born. 
44 Scil. papjBtzptKSi', vel r&v fiapfidpoov ttepas seu cr'Kpos." Hutch. Cf. Thucyd. 

III. 108. § 2, where Bloom, supplies teepas. &s &a<rt\evs. In ancient 

times, when the whole military strength of a kingdom was brought at one 

time into the field, a single battle usually decided the fate of an empire. — 

virb tgqv a t u.(p>' avrSv, by his followers. rfi6fievos and irpo<rKvvQv[AGvos are 

concessive. See N. on § 13. ovd* §bs = ohf? ovrcas (cf. Yig. p. 215. 

XVIII), not even thus, i. e. not even when apparently victorious, and already 

saluted as king by his attendants. cvj/ecnreipafjLivTjy, in close order. — — 

€7re^eA.e?TO, he ivas attentively watching, o tl 7roi^cret fiaanXevs (orat. rect. 

See N. on 3. § 14) is the object of iirefxeXeiTo. The use of kol\ in koX yap 

may be seen by supplying the ellipsis implied in ydp : and (he did this, i. e. he 
watched the movements of the king) for, &c. The ellipsis in most instances 
may be mentally supplied, and the formula koI yap may be rendered simply 

for. fjdei avrbv otl — ?;$« on avros. For the prolepsis of avrSv, see N. 

on 2. § 21. 

22. Kcu is here explicative, i. e. the sentence which it introduces serves to 
explain the previous one. As it respects the thing here spoken of, see Cyr. 
IY. 2. § 27 ; VIII. 5. § 8. {.Uaov exoures to avTcay r/yovj/ro, were accus- 
tomed (cf. S. § 211. N. 11) to lead in the centre of their own (army). Dind. 

and Pop. read rjyovj/Tai. vopl^ovres denotes the reason or cause. S. 

§ 225. 4 ; H. § 789. c. £v ao-cpaXecTdTco, sc. tottw (= %a)pi<y), in the safest 

place. %v . • . . €/caT6pa>3-ej/, if their force be on both sides of them. 

ala&dvGcr&ai to cTTpaTev/xa depends on vojuLi^ovTes. 

23. Kal — $i] tot€, and indeed then. i±£o*ov ex&jr, although being in 

the centre. See N. on i%(av, § 13. opus, yet. e/c tov ivavTiov, oppo- 
site, in front. to?s avTov TtTay pivots, i. e. the six thousand spoken of, 7. 

§ 11. avTov and avrcp in the previous clause refer to the king. &s els 

tcvKXucriy, as if to enclose them. On the use of &s to denote what is supposed 
or apparent, see H. § 875. a. els here denotes aim or purpose. kvkXwctw i 
is derived from Kvk\6co and denotes its action. Cf. S. § 139. "We are not 
to suppose that this evolution was performed by the right wing of the king's 
army, since that must have extended several stadia beyond the left wing of 
the rebel forces, and it would have been no quick or easy task to wheel about 
so immense a body of men. It is rather to be referred to the 6000 body- 
guards, who in the apprehension of Cyrus were about to fall upon the rear of 
the Greeks, and cut them in pieces (omo~&ev yevofxevos fcara/cctyfl to f EAA?7- 
vlkSv), 



Chap. VIII.] NOTES. 269 

24. dela-as — /caraK<%; (sc. fiacriXevs). Mt. (§ 518. p. 880) says that "the 
subjunctive is frequently used, although the verb upon which it depends is in 
time past, -when the depending verb denotes an action which is continued to 

the present time." Cf. Butt. § 139. 1; S. § 212. X. yevojievos, sc. j8cs- 

ciXevs. ro?s e^aKoaloLS. Cf. §6. a-KOKrupai Keyerat k. t. A. Plu- 
tarch (Artax. 9) says that after Artagerses had thrown his javelin at Cyrus 
with a force that shook him in his seat, and was turning his horse, Cyrus aimed 

: a stroke at him with his spear, the point of which entered at his collar bone 
• and pierced through his neck. curbs ry kavrov x eL Ph himself with his ovm 

hand. The reflex, pron. receives additional emphasis from avros. II. § 674. 

Cf. II. 4. § 10. 

25. 'Hs 5e 57 TpoiT')] iyevsro oiacrTreipovrai teal ol Kvpov Qanocrioi els to 
tiiaKeiv op/JLTjcayres, but whe?i (the king's body-guard) was routed, the six hun- 
dred belonging to Cyrus rushing on in the pursuit, were dispersed ; or, in the 
route (of the king's body-guard) which took place, the six hundred, &c. us oh 
— Kal, but when — then. For this use of Kal after definitions of time, cf. Mt 
§ 620. a. els to SiuKeiv opu^aavTes. In Herod. IX. 59, wpjx-qjjeyovs §iuk<zlv 

is found, ds to being omitted. Cf. Mt. § 532. c. ttX^v (= ojxecs) vdw 

hhiyoi, but yet a very few. o~x^6v, mostly. ol bjxorpdize^oi. These 

are called ol o~vvTpaire£oi, 9. § 31. Cf. X. on 5. § 15. 

26. ovk Jiveo~x ero i v:as n °t a ble to restrain himself. Mceris : yj/eo'xeTo, 
'Arnicas' cb/eVxero, 'EW^ulkus. Cf. Butt. § 114. p. 240. Thus far Cyrus 
acted the part of a prudent and skilful commander, but now at sight of his 
brother, intent only upon revenge, he rushes like a madman into the fight, and 

in the moment of victory falls by an unknown hand. 6pa> rbv avfipa = 

opco avTov, only more emphatic. Uro. Cf. X. on 5. § 8. iraiei = 

jaculando ferit. So Kriig. icard, upon. Kr-qaias, Ctesias, a native 

of Cnidus and by profession a physician. He spent many years at the Persian 
court, and composed a history of Assyria and Persia in 23 books entitled 
HepcriKa, only a few fragments of which remain. Kal .... (prjal is an in- 
dependent clause. Such clauses are frequently added to relative or depend- 
ent sentences. 

27. 7raAT$. A missile weapon, although sometimes used in close fight. 

jj.axojJ.ei/oL Kal fiacriXebs teal Kvpos Kal ol, is regarded by Poppo as in the 

nom. absolute, for p.axojxivuv Kal (BacriAecos Kal Kvpov ical tu>v k. t. \. But 
Mt. (§ 562. X.) founds this use of the nom. upon a different construction, viz. 
"when the subject of the partic. is contained in part by the principal subject, 
or this latter in the other." Here ottScoi, Kvpos, and 6kt& ol dpia'Toi, the 
principal subjects, constitute a part of the whole contained in fiacriXevs, Kvpos, 
and ol afi(p avrovs, the subjects of jiaxotxevoi, and a partial apposition may be 

considered as existing between them. Cf. Butt. § 145. X. 4. Stqo-ol (how 

many) .... aire^n/^o-Kov is a substant. clause governed by Keyei. iiceivca, 

i. e. the king. oi dpia'Toi = ol 6jj,OTpd7re£oi, § 25. eKeivTo eit* avT&, 



270 NOTES. [Book I. 

lay (dead) upon him. Cf. tceirai UdrponXoSy II. XVIII. 20 : " neminem jacen- 
tem veste spoliavit," Corn. Nep. Thrasyb. II. 2. 

28. avr<$ t&v (TKTjirTovx^^ fepdircw, of his sceptre-bearing attendants. 

For the construction of avrcp, cf. S. § 201. 5. 7r€TrrwK6ra elBe Kvpov. The 

prolepsis is explained in N. on 2. § 21. irepnreae?}/ (dependent on \4yerai) 

avT$, i. e. he fell upon him with his arms embracing the lifeless body. 

29. aKivaKTiv, scimetar. A short, crooked Persian sword. koX <rrpe- 

7ttov 5e icpopei k. r. A. From this passage compared with I. 2. § 27 ; Cyr. I. 3. 
§ 3; Herod. VIII. 113; Corn. Nep. Dat. Ill; Dan. 5: 1, 16, 29, it would 
seem that these ornaments were marks of honor conferred by the sovereign, 
very similar to the orders of modern knighthood. 



CHAPTER IX. 

1. ereA€t'T77(rej', SC. rbv fiiov. Kvpov rbv apxatov, Cyrus the Elder 

who laid the foundation of the Persian empire. fiacn\iK&Ta.Tos, viz., in 

mien, magnificence, generosity, high daring, &c, which were esteemed the 

most eminent qualifications of a king. &px*w a^raros^ most worthy to 

rule. S. § 200. N. 2; H. § 161. a. vrapd. See N. on 2. § 5. Kvpov 

limits Treipa. " The repetition of the proper name is a mark of respect." Belf. 
ZoKovvTcav. Cf. N. on 3. § 12. iv ireipa ysvioSai, to have been per- 
sonally acquainted. u usu et consuetudine expertum esse." Kriig. 

2. irp&Tov fx4v. The correlate is iirel 8e in § 6. ydp. Cf. N. on 6. 

§ 6. en ircus &v, being yet a boy. irdvra, in every respect Cf. 

Mt. §425; S. § 182. irdvrccv irdvTa is an example of what is called paro- 
nomasia. 

3. hvpais. Kriig. says, u frvpas esse aidam regiam, quae hodieque a Turcis 

porta vocatur, notum est." Cf. Cyr. I. 2. § 3. crw<ppo<rvv7jv, modesty as 

opposed to alo*xpbv in the next clause. Cf. Cic. Tusc. Disput. III. 6. 

4. #o*T€ — fiav&dvovciv. See N. on 1. § 8. ev&bs iroudes vvres^ as 

soon as they are children = from their very childhood. Cf. Mt. § 565. Obs. 2. 

fjLavhdvovGiv .... &px*cr&a>i, they learn both hoiv to ride and to be mded. 

H. § 802. 

5. to?s T6 irpeorfivrepois Kai v&v iavrov vTrodeecrepcov /xaWov irei&ecr&ai, 
and to obey his elders more readily than did those even who were his inferiors 
(in rank), rwv vTrodeearrepow is constructed in the gen. with fxaAhov, and 

iavrov, with virodeeo'Tcpcov. Cf. S. § 198. 1. to?s 'lttttois &purra xpy<r&&h 

to manage horses with the greatest skill, ftpicra is used adverbially. Cf. S. 

§ 135. 2. Repeat 4$6k€i with xpV^^- zireira Se responds to jAv irp&rov. 

"EKpivov, sc. avrol referring to oi Kvpov Zokovvtwv iv Trs'ipy yevea&ai, § 1 ; 

or the subject may be a general one, as in <pao\ and Xtyovo'i. epyccv is 



Chap. IX.] NOTES. 271 

1 constructed with <pi\o/j.a^ecrrarou and fie\eTr\p6rarov. S. § 195 ; H. § 584. c. 

to^ikyis and aKoi/ricrews are in explanatory apposition with fpyoov. 

6. s E7rel Se ry 7]\iKia eirpsire, but when he flourished, bloomed in o.ge = 
when he was old enough to engage in hunting and other manly exercises. 
The age to which allusion is here made was eighteen, at which time the boys 

were numbered among the eQrjfioi. Cf. Cyr. I. 2. § 9, et seq. /cat — ttot€, 

and once. See X. on 5. § 7. iirKpepo/xevrjv, rushing upon him. avp.- 

TT€(rc£>v, having grappled with (it), is opposed to an encounter with missiles at a 

distance. erpecrei/, 1 aor. act. of rpEcc. ra [xkv iira&sv =z he received 

those wounds. This appears from the next clause. teAos, at length. Cf. 

ji S. § 135. 1 ; H. § 552. teal tov irp&rov /xei/roi fio^^cavra 7roAAo?s jia- 

KapLffrbv eTToirjo'ev, yet he made the one who first came to his assista?ice most 
happy in the view of (H. § 601. 5) many, in consequence of the gifts which 
he received from Cyrus. Cf. X. on 7. § 4 (end). 

7« oTs KafrfjKei, whose duty it is. els KacrrcaXov weSiav. Cf. X. on 1. 

§ 2. irepl irXeio'Tov ttoloIto, he regarded it of the highest importance. H. 

! § 650. b. on irepl ir\dcrov ttoioIto — fxrfiev tyevQeoS-ai constitutes the second 
accus. after 67re5et|ey = he showed himself one who regarded, &c. S. § 185; 

II. § 556. d to; cnrelo-cuTo Kai e? rep (tvv&oIto, if he made peace with any 

one, and if he entered into a treaty with any one. "Proprie cnropdai inimici- 
tias et bella componunt ; cwbriKai amicitias societatemque certis conditionibus 
paciscuntur." Kriig. For the form r§ (= rivi), cf. S. § 72. 1 ; for &vj/&o?to, 
cf. Butt, 107. III. 4; S. § 125. d; H. § 401. h. ^\v ^evSev&cu is an 

| accus. clause depending upon ttolo7to. S. § 177. 3; H. § 556. 

8t Kal yap ovu introduces a proof and illustration of the preceding senti- 
ment: and (this is certain) for therefore (i. e. because such was his regard for 

his word and promise) both the cities, &c. See H. § 870. d. avrcp — iiri- 

Tpevoficvat. Leuncl. renders : quae erant ejus cures creditae, i. e. which be- 
longed to his satrapy. But not to speak of the article, which such a rendering 
would require to be repeated after 7r6\eis, reference is had here evidently to 
cities which voluntarily placed themselves under the government of Cyrus. 
Cf. 1. § 6 ; 9. §§ 9, 12. The interpretation of Kriig. is therefore to be pre- 
ferred, ejus fidei et imperio se committentes. So also Sturz and Poppo. 

ol aydpes. Piepeat iTnrpeTro/j^j/oL. The sense is that the inhabitants of these 

cities, as communities and as individuals, confided in Cyrus. e; tls. Cf. 

X. on 4. § 9. irapa ras o"jroydds, contrary to the treaty. cttovBt] (from 

cirei/fica, to pour), a libation. Hence enrov^ai,, a treaty or truce, as this was 
always made with libations. Cf. X. on VI. 1. § 5. 

9, Toiyapovv, therefore. H. § 867. 5. According to Butt. (§ 149. p. 431) 
tol is an ancient dat. for tw, but is never used illatively except in the strength- 
ened forms roiydp, roiyapovv, etc. Cf. Mt, § 627. at ttq\<el$, i. e. at 'I<a- 

vixa\ iroKeis (1. § 6). avrl, instead of. tyevyovras. Cf. X. on 3. § 3. 

irpoeo'&cu, 2 aor. inf. mid. of irpo'Cf]^^ to give up, betray. icpofiovvro 



272 NOTES. [Book I. 

avrov. They were probably afraid of being punished, for having been con- 
federate with Tissaphernes in banishing their fellow-citizens. Cf. on 1. § 1. 

10. koL — Kai, both — and. yap, etenim, for. Qpycp iiredeUyvro Kal 

eAeyey = epyw iireSt'iKvvro Kal Xoyw. wpooiro, sc. avrovs, i. e. the Milesian 

exiles. For the form irpoolro (2 aor. opt. mid. of irpdl7][xi), cf. N. on cvvbo7ro, 

§ 7 supra. ouS' ci en fxei/ fietovs yivoivro, not even if they should become 

still further diminished in number. Butt. (§ 68. 5) says that jueiW is em- 
ployed for the idea both of smcdlness and of fewness. en de Kal k&kiov 

irpa^eiav, and shoidd be even more unfortunate. KaK&s irparrw = arvx*w> 

lit (pavspbs §' 'fjv — viKav ireipufievos (endeavoring to surpass). Cf. 1ST. on 
SrjXos fy avidjjLevos, 2. § 11. euxV — avrov, a prayer of his. In explana- 
tory apposition with this is rocovrov .... aAeJ^uej/os, a subst. sentence (II. 
§ 493. d) following evxoiro as the cognate accus. according to the formula 
evxofJLaL €vxf}V' S. § 181. 2; H. § 547. a. Render togovtov xpovov Qu lore 
viKcpn, that he might live so long as to outdo ; or, until he shoidd outdo. After 
the optat. in a zoish, ecrre and similar particles of time take the optat. without 

av by assimilation. Cf. Goodwin, § 66. 2. aXe^otizvos — par pari refe- 

rens, giving like for like. 

12t Kal yap ovv. See N. on § 8 supra. irXuffroi 5); avr$ k. t. A. 

The sense is : there was no one man, at least of our times, to whom so many 
were ready to deliver up their treasures, cities, and persons, drj strengthens 
T\e?(TTOi, the very ?nost. H. § 665. a. ivi ye avSpl is in apposition with avrca, 
to him one man at least (ye) — to him beyond any other man. r&v tcj) 1 tha&v, 
of those in our time, is the part. gen. after iv\ avdpl. S. § 188. 1 ; H. § 559. a. 
Butt. (§ 147. p. 416) says that iirl rod often specifies a time, by means of 
something contemporary, especially persons. ra kavr&v c^ara == their per- 
sonal services. 

13. The fidelity of Cyrus to his friends and his scrupulous regard for his 
word having been descanted upon, the writer proceeds to notice his treatment 
of malefactors, and the honors and rewards which he bestowed upon the good. 

Ov fxkv dfy ovde, nor in truth. The Attics use fxlv in fjbhu 5^, for yA\v. 

H. § 852. 13. tout* refers to the clause commencing with &s robs Kaicovp- 

yovs. KarayeXav, sc. avrov, to deride him (by escaping punishment). 

Schneid. supplies roov vofxcw. acpeidecrrara irduroou iri^peiro, he of all 

(rulers) punished the most unsparingly. For the construction of irdyrcou, cf. 
N. on rwv, § 12 supra. Crosby (§ 541. 7) constructs the gen. with acpeitie- 
crara, most unsparingly of all. l\v lde?v, one could see. For the con- 
struction, cf. N". on l\v Xa$ziv, 5. § 2. irapd, along = as one passed along. 

See N. on 2. § 13. <rrtfio}i£vas odovs, public roads ; lit. trodden (i. e. much 

frequented) ways. irotiwv .... o-repovpevovs. Punishment by mutilation 

is still practised in many of the Eastern countries. Buttmann (cf. § 114. 
p. 301) would read arepoy.£vovs, being deprived of, being without, when the 
state or situation of the subject as here is to be expressed. Cf. 1S T . on III. 2. 



Chap. IX] NOTES. • 273 

§ 2. For the construction of (rrepovfjievovs with the gen., cf. S. §§ 184. N. 2; 

200. 3 ; H. § 5 SO. 1. iytvero = it was in the power of. oiroi. Herm. 

remarks that u tto7 and oiroi denote motion towards a place, but tt?i and oir-p 
signify both motion towards the place, and rest in the place towards which 
the motion tends. Cf. Vig. p. 153. *x 0VTl o TL irpox&poir]. Various in- 
terpretations have been given to this passage. The writer evidently designs 
to show the result of Cyrus's severity, in the freedom of the country from 
thieves and robbers. Xo better proof of this could be given, than the safety 
with which any one might travel, carrying with him whatever he pleased. 
This sense therefore is best met by the translation : having whatever might be 
convenient for him to have. The only condition of safety is contained in ixr r 
8ez/ adiKovvri, provided he did no wrong. 

14. 76 limits the assertion here made to robs aya&obs els 'xoXep.ov. 

fxeyroi, yet, i. e. notwithstanding his severity towards malefactors, as just 
stated. irpoQTov fj.hy belongs in sense to 'dpxovras ivoiei. The correspond- 
ing clause is introduced by eireira 5e k. r. A., and then he also honored ihenx 

with other rewards, i.e. rewards of another sort. Tleicidas. Cf. 1. § 11. 

Mv<rovs. See 6. § 7. avros, i. e. Cyrus in person. ovs — rovrovs. 

For the sake of emphasis or perspicuity, the proposition containing the rela- 
tive is often placed before the one containing the antecedent. Cf. S. § IT 2. 4. 

7\s tear eo~r peeper o x&pas = rr\s x^p as % v Karecrrpecpero. Cf. X. on o eT%e 

<rrpdrevua, 2. § 1. 

15. ware (paii/ea&ai. For the construction, cf. S. § 223. 1 ; II. § WO. 

atiovv depends on <paivea&ai. See X. on § 19. robs ciya&obs and robs 

KaKobs are the subjects, and evdai/jLoveardrovs, and SovAovs, the predicates of 
elvai. Render: so that he appeared to think it Jit that the good (i. e. brave) 
should be most fortunate, &c. Some make robs ayodobs the subject of <paive- 
a&ai, and read for a^iovv the pass. a£iovcrfrcu. The translation would then be: 
so that the brave appeared to be most fortunate , and the cowards were deemed fd 
to be their slaves. Toiyapovv. Cf. § 9 supra, acp&ovla, properly, free- 
dom from envy, is here taken for that which removes envious feelings from the 

mind of the possessor, viz. abundance. avr<S — Kvpov. For the sake of 

emphasis, the pron. is sometimes put before the proper name to which it re- 
fers, when no ambiguity results from the inversion. Cf. § 31 infra; II. 6. § 8. 

16. Els 5iKaiocrvi/riv, as it respects justice. ye emphasizes this reference 

to the justice of Cyrus. With ^v it also serves as a general connective. 

ei Tis. See X. on 4. § 9. For ns — rovrovs, cf. X. on 4. § 8. (bavepbs 

yivoiro — ^ov\6\xevos. Cf. X. on W{hos t\v hviwfj.evos, 2. § 11. This construc- 
tion occurs so frequently as to require no further notice except in special 

cas3s. iirfieiKwo-bai, to show himself (a just man). Kriiger says this verb 

is placed absolutely in the sense of se ostentare, as in JEIian, V. H. IX. 36, 

^¥a\r7]s *hvriyov($ eireoeiKvvro. nrepl irayros. See X. on § 7 supra. 

e'/c rov MIkov = Mkus. Cf. Mt. § 574; S. § 135. 3. 

1 ;_■"■ 



274 NOTES. [Book I. 

17» Kal yap odv. Cf. §§ 8, 12. avT$,forhim. Dat. Com. See N. 

on 1. § 9. 5i6%et/)if€To is in the pass, voice, having #AAa for its subject. 

Some make it in the middle, and treat abr$ as redundant. Kai, and espe- 
cially. This force is given to Kal by the preceding #AAa, somewhat like the 

Lat. quitm — tu?n. a'Tparevixari a\7}&ij/<p 9 a true army, i. e. one which is 

brave, loyal, and under good discipline. Kriig. makes aXrj&ivy s= Si/catw, and 
opposed to ry i£cnraTr)TiK$ Kal irXeoveKTiKy. '■ xp y \l jL ^ TWV y stipends, service- 
money. See N. on 4. § 12. eirXevcav, Between Greece and Asia Minor 

lay the iEgaeum Mare, which the Greeks were obliged to sail over in order to 

enter the service of Cyrus. &AA J hrei, but because. See Mt. § 618; Butt. 

§ 149. p. 430. to Kara. fjLrjva KepSos, their monthly pay 

18. aX\a ixfy, but furthermore. tl avT$ irpocrTd^avri kolXws virrjper'f}- 

<reiev, served him well, when he commanded any thing (to be done), or more 
briefly, faithfully executed his orders. Notice that the protasis (S. § 215) 

here takes the opt., and the apodosis, the indie. axaptcroy, unrewarded. 

Compound adjectives in os have only two endings. Cf. Butt. § 60. 4; S. 
§ 58. 2. Kp&Ti<rToi dfi. See N. on § 12. virriperai iravros epyov, as- 
sociates, aiders in every enterprise. Kvpcp iXex^wav yevea&ai, were said 

to be at the service of Cyrus. 

19. 5e continuative. el — Spur}, as often as he saw. The opt. with el 

often expresses indefinite frequency. II. § ^48. a. §ew6v, active, vigi- 
lant. oIkov6}xov, a manager of household affairs, a steward. The word is 

here used in a wider sense to designate the fiscal officer of a town or city, as a 

treasurer, quaestor. e/c rod diKaiov. See N. on § 16 (end). Kara- 

(rKevd(oyrd re rjs &pX 0L X&P^* — ^araaKevd^ovrd re rijv X^P av V s &PX 0L ( see 
N. on 2. § 1), improving the country which he governed, re — Kal connect 
Karacncevd^ovra and iroiovvra (S. § 226. N. 3), while the preceding Kal serves 
to connect these clauses to Seivhv uvra oiKoyofioy going before. II. § 855. a, 

TTpocrodovs, revenue. ovdeva av irooTrore acfyeiXero (sc. r)]v x&P av )-> l lQ 

woidd never deprive him (of his country = his possessions and official station). 
The indie, with av has an iterative signification (Butt. § 139. p. 366). The 
use of the imperf. and aor. is optional with the speaker, as he may wish to 
give the action a continued iterative sense, or one without the idea of contin- 
ued action. IT. § T04. For the double accus., see S. § 184. 1; H. § 553. 
rjdews, gladly, cheerfully. a — ravra a, of which ravra is to be con- 
structed with eKpvirrev. Cf. S. § 184. 1; H. § 553. iJKi&Ta, least— not 

at all. (p&ov&v — icjyaivero. Mt. (§ 549. 5) says that <paive<r&ai in the sense 

of to seem, takes the infin., but in that of to be manifest, the participle. H. 

§ 802. to?s (pavepws TrXovrovcriv is opposed to roiv a7roKpvirrofj.evcov. 

TteipdiyLevos. Supply e&aivero from the preceding member. rwv airoKpv- 

irrofxevcav — eKelvojv ot aweKpvTrrovro, sc. ra xp r h{ xaTa - 

20. tpiXovs ye pfyp ocovs iroiiio 'an o, furthermore, as many as he made 
friends. For the construction, cf. S. § 185; H. § 556 ; for the use of the 



Chap. IX.] NOTES. 275 

opt. cf. Mt. § 527. 1 ; Butt. § 139. p. 372; S. § 217. 2. teapots, suitable, 

ft. o ri refers to rovrov understood (S. § 172. 4) limiting vvvepyovs. 

— rvyxdvoi fiov\6/j.evos Karepyd(eo~frai 9 he might perchance wish to accom- 
plish. See X. on 1. § 2. frepaireveii' depends on Kparto-ros, and has for 

its object rovrovs, the omitted antecedent of ocovs. Cf. X. on ovs — rovrovs, 
§ 14 supra. 

21* avrb rovro ouirep curbs evetta <pi\o)V coero Se?ar&cu ods ffvvepyovs e%of. 
The order is, avrb rovro ws %x 01 cvvepyovs (rovrov) ovirep eveita avrbs (pero 
8e?o~&ai <pi\o)v. Render, (it was) for this very purpose, that he might have 
assistants, &c. avrb rovro (H. § 552. a) refers to us cvvepyovs e%ot, and 
serves to qualify the clause commencing with /cal avrbs (cf. S. § 182), as show- 
ing the end or object of the assiduity of Cyrus in assisting friends. koI 

avros, (that) he also. rovrov limits cvvepyos. 

22. eTs ye kv avr)p. Cf. N. on § 12. Kriig. thinks that thv should be re- 
jected from the text. Sia iro\\d, sc. atria, for many (reasons). So Sturz. 

Ttdvrtav §-)? — 8ie5i5oy, he in particular (5^) of all men (see X. on irdvrwv, 

§ 13) was in the habit of distributing. rpoirovs, i. e. disposition, manners, 

habits, tastes, etc. 

23. els iroXejiov, intended for war, viz. swords, helmets, bucklers, &c. So 
els KaKkcairicpLbv limits the other class of gifts to tunics, trowsers, golden rings, 

chains, &c. For els denoting aim or purpose, see N. on 8. § 23. voixi^oi 

is here followed by two accusatives. Cf. S. § 185 ; H. § 556. See also X. on 
3. §6. 

24. ra /JLeydXa (= /xeye&ei Sdopow) vittav robs <pi\ovs ev iroiovvra, to which 
the article rb belongs, is the subject (S. § 153. 1) of icrrl understood (S. § 150. 
X. 4), ovdeu dravjiao-rbv being the predicate. These words are found with a 
slight variation in Cyr. Till. 2. § 13. rrj emfieXeia answers to the question 
"wherein?" and limits rb—rrepieivai (see Ml § 400. 7; S. § 206. 2), that he 
should surpass his friends (S. § 198. 2 ; H. § 581. 2) in care for them. On 

the article in rcov <pi\wv, see X. on 5. § 15. rep Trpodrvfjt.eTo'&ai xapi^etrdxw, 

in his forwardness to oblige, a dative clause connected to rrj eTrifxeXeia. 

ravra refers properly to rb irepielvai, but in sense to ry iiri t uLe\eia and rep irpo- 
SviJ.eTo'&ai x^pK e(T ^ ai i an< ^ i s therefore put in the plural. Cf. Mt. § 472. 5. 

25. e-epire, used to send. S. § 211. X. 10. &Ikovs is defined by 

Hesych., crrdfivos 2>ra ex<®v, an earthen jar with handles. For the con- 
struction of oXvov 7]fx^eeis, cf. S. § 200. 3 ; of oKvcp eirirvx 01 * cf. S. § 202. 1. 

rovrov ovv col eire^e. So compliments at the present time are usually pre- 
sented in the third person. Xotice the change to the orat. recta. <rvv oh 

for avv rovroLs ovs. Had the antecedent been supplied, reference would have 
been had to some particular persons mentioned before, whereas the idea with 
the omitted antecedent is, your best friends, without reference to any other 
distinction. H. § 810. a. 

26. b\prwv ^/xio-ea, halves of loaves of bread, or as we say, half -loaves of 



276 NOTES. [Book I. 

bread. For the gen., cf. C. § 539. £; H. § 559. e. This construction of the 
adjec. in the neut. plur. with the gen. of a masc. or fern, subst., is said by Mt. 

(§ 442. 4) to rarely happen. Cf. S. § 177. N. 4. tovtwv. S. § 192. 1. 

ytvo-aoftai, to taste. The mid. with this sense is the more common use 

of ysvw, I cause to taste. 

27. eft? — idvvaro. For this intermingling of the opt. and indie, cf. Mt. 
§ 529. 5 ; Host, § 122. I. 7. iSvvaro is in the imperf. to correspond with efy, 

which borrows its past time from e/ceAeue. Cf. S. § 212. 3. 5ta to 7roA- 

\ovs e%efv vTnjperas, because he had many servants. Sia t V i^iixi\eiav. 

Some supply rfyp twv virripeTcov, others read tt]v (eavrov) iirifxiAeiav. But 
Kriig. says : " durum est utrumque. Ego interpretor, propter cur am qua ei 

ut principi prospiciebatur." us — ayooaiv for cos 'ayoiev. Tliis change of 

mood gives beauty and vividness to the expression. See X, on 3. § 14. 

ireivoovTes, sc. tKsivoi referring to to7s 'lttttols. 

28. Et Se $7} TTore, if at anytime, ichenever. jueAAoiej/ otyecr&ai. A 

periphrastic future. S. § 89. 2 ; H. § 711. £o-irov§cuo\oy£To, he talked 

earnestly with them. cos ^rjAoirj ovs Tip,a, in order to show ivhom he distin- 
guished. Bost (Gram. § 123. 3) says, "the indie, stands in a relative propo- 
sition, when the verb of the principal proposition is a preterite, pres. or fut., 

and an event is expressed as definite and unconditional." c£ cov clkovco = 

etc tovtoov & clkovco. For the accus. after clkovco, cf. S. § 192. 3 ; H. § 576. a. 
clkovco = aK-fjKoa, the idea being I am informed from what I have heard. H. 
§ 698. clkovco has sometimes an aoristic sense. S. § 211. K 5. -Con- 
struct ovdeva with ovre 'EWyvcoj/ ovtg fiapfidpeov. 

29* TeKfA^piov Se with itxrl omitted, is a proposition by itself. Sometimes 

as here it is accompanied by rode. tovtov refers to what has been just 

mentioned, and rode, to what is about to be related. C. § 736. a; S. § 163. 1 ; 

H. § 679. icaphX ix\v Kvpov k.t.K. Mt. (§ 630./) says that yap in the 

new proposition after TSKyA)piov 5e, cr^/xeToj/ 5e, etc., is sometimes wanting. 

See Butt. § 151. IY. 10. SovAov vvtos. Cf. 7. § 3. ovtos, i. e. Oron- 

tes. Hutchinson erroneously refers it to the king. %v '(= IkCwqv ov) re- 
fers to the person to whom Orontes intrusted his letter to the king. Cf. 6. 

§ 3. iraph de jSacnAeW k. t. A. Cf. 7. §§ 2, 13; 10. § 6; II. 1. § 6. 

kcl\ ovtol fxivroi, and those too. av — Tvyxdveiv, they would obtain. 

Cf. Mt. § 598. 1 ; S. § 215. 5 ; H. § 783. b. The condition is implied in Zvtcs 
aya&oi. The infin. Tvyxdveiv depends on yojul^oyres denoting the cause. 

30. Kal to — yevofxsvov, and that ichich took place , is the subject, and fxiya. 
TeKfjL-iipiov, the predicate of this proposition. Kpivsiv, to select (with dis- 
crimination and judgment). 

31. ol irap* avroj/j those near him. Schneid. conjectures that it should 

read ol vep\ clvtov. virep Kvpov, for Cyrus, i. e. in his behalf, on his side. 

%X (f}V K( d ro crpdrevfjia ttclv, with the whole army also. 



Chap. X.] NOTES. 277 



CHAPTER X. 

1. 'Eyrav&a 5/; is here a formula of transition from the eulogy to the nar- 
ration which is resumed from Chap. YIII. airore/jiverai. Plut. (Artax. 

13) says, " according to the law of the Persians, the right hand and head were 
cut off, and Artaxerxes, having ordered the head to be brought to him, took 

it by the hair, which was long and thick, and showed it to the fugitives." 

dcmTTTei ets rb Kvpsiov crrparoTr^oy, break (Histor. Pres.) into the camp of 
Cyrus, The singular is employed here, because fiaaiXevs is the more impor- 
tant subject. So Bpao-idas fx\y ovv ko\ rb tt\?]&os ev&vs &vw — irpdirero, Thuc. 

TV. 112. ot jxkv fiera *Kpiaiov. Kriig. finds the corresponding sentence 

in § 3, as though it had then been written ol Se "ET^krives — aynrax^Tes. 

But may it not be found rather in fiaaiXevs Se kc£l ol avy avrw ? 'laravrai, 

stand their ground. crparoiredov, i. e. the place where the camp-followers, 

baggage, and beasts of burden remained during the fight. els rbv cra- 

&}aqv, i. e. the place where they had encamped the preceding night. 

2. For the signification of koX after ra re &\\a iro\\d, cf. N. on 9. § 17. 

rrjy $wKcuda, the Phocaan. Her name was Milto, but Cyrus called her 

Aspasia, because she resembled in wit and beauty the celebrated mistress of 

Pericles. rV — Aeyo^eV^y = eKeiy^y § i\4yero (S. § 225. 1) of which 

equivalent, iKetyrjy is in apposition with 7raAAa/d5a. crocp'fjy, wise, intelli- 
gent. So Hesych. defines ao<p6s • (ppoyipos. crocp^jy and KaXyjy are predi- 
cates. 

3* 'H 5e TsliX-qcria. " Hujus nomen ignoramus nisi forte 7) MiXricrta in pro- 

prium cessit." Weiske. Cf. Y. 2. § 29. Kriig. conjectures that r] yecarepa 

is spurious. yvjxv^. " sine veste exteriore." Poppo. irpbs ray 'EAAt;- 

vccv. Schneid. with Weiske makes this stand for npbs rb r&v 'EW^vuv crpa- 
roiredoy. Muret. and Steph. supply cra^fioy. It is better, however, with 
Born., Kriig., and Kiihn., to make irpbs ray 'ETO^hvoov ot = irpbs tovtovs twv 

'EWrjy&y o7. avTiTax&evres here stands for avTira^djj.evoL. ol 5e koX 

avT&v, and some of them also, refer to the Greeks. fx^y — ye, yet however. 

ravrrju refers to ?; Mi\7]cria. tyros avr&y, within their ranks. Sturz 

and most of the German editors translate in castris eorum. Hutch, takes 
tyrbs as absolute, and connects avruy with xpVpaTa, a construction too forced 

and unnatural to be admissible. irdvra. ecrwcray. The repetition shows the 

completeness of the act spoken of. 

4. 8ieo~xov aAA?)Aa?y, were distant from each other. H. § 580. 1. ol 

"EWrjyes refers to the main army of the Greeks. ol /ueV, i. e. the Greeks. 

"Sic saepissime Grseci 6 ixev ad propius, 6 Se ad remotius nomen referunt." 

Kriig. So the Latins sometimes employ hie — ille for ille — hie. &s irdv- 

ras yiK&VTes, #s if they had conquered all (the enemy), whereas the right wing 



278 NOTES. [Book I. 

of the king's army was victorious. of &e refers to jBcwnAetk, sc. ol <rvv av- 

r$. &s tfdri irdyres vikwvt€s 9 as if they were all conquerors, whereas, 

their left wing was fleeing before the victorious Greeks. 

5. 5' av, on, the other hand. tftiovcre Ticcracpepvovs. S. § 192. K. 3; 

H. § 582. 3. to Ka& avrovs, sc. orparev/xa or fiepos. o%x°VTai is perf. 

in signification, were gone in pursuit. On the transition to the orat. recta, see 
N. on 3. § 14. ir\7}(riaiTaTos. Cf. 8. § 4. It speaks highly for the disci- 
pline of the Greeks, that in the pursuit the original order of battle was not 

essentially disturbed. d iriiAiroitv. In past actions e?, whether, takes the 

optat. without &y. Mt. § 526. apifcovres = fiowfrfjcoj/Tes, to succor, to 

defend. H. § 789. d. 

6« iv tovto). See N. on 5. § 15. teal fiaciXevs, the Icing also. This 

is connected in thought with the attack upon the king, which was then contem- 
plated by the Greeks. o>s idoicei is to be taken with uirio'&ev. owroa- 

<p€VT€s, having closed up their ranks. Another reading is crpa^yres, having 

faced about. 7rao€07cet>a£bj>TO ws ravrn* irpociopTos teal dej-Sfievoi, they 

made preparations as if he (i. e. the king) woidd advance in this direction, and 
they would receive him ; or more freely, they made preparations to receive him 
expecting his approach in this direction where the Greeks were halting. 
For this use of ws, cf. N. on 1. § 10 ; 4. § 1 ; of ravr V , see S. § %. 1. The 
common reading irpoa-iSvr^s, is pronounced by Zeune to be without meaning. 
As instances in which na\ connects participles having different cases, Kriig. 
cites Herod. VI. 126, 'OAo^trW Uvtccv koX vikwv, Thucyd. VIII. 106, acpiKo- 

fievns tt}S vecas teat — aKOv<ravT€S. y 5e Trap?]\^eu e£o> rod evwvvfjLOV tceparos, 

Tavrrj na\ air^yayey, but in the same direction in which he came, (viz.) without 
the left wing (of the Greeks. Cf. 8. § 23), he also led (his forces) back. For 
the adverbial pronouns y — rrnvrn, cf. S. § 76. The Greeks supposed that the 
king would march directly against them, but instead of inclining to the river, 
as he must have done in that case, he took the same line of direction in which 

he first came to battle. Kara robs "EWyvas, over against the Greeks, has 

the position and force of an adject, qualifying toos — avTO(jLo\^<ravTGs (H. 
§ 534. a) used here as a subst., those who had deserted = the deserters. H. 
§ 786 ; S. § 158. 1. When the battle turned so decidedly in favor of Cyrus, as 
it did at first, great numbers probably deserted what appeared to be the hope- 
less fortunes of the king. Cf. N. on II. 1. § 6. 

7. This section with the following one is parenthetic, being inserted in 
order to explain how it happened that Tissaphernes had joined the king. 

It commences therefore with yap illustrantis (see N. on 6. § 6). ervvodep, 

encounter. S^Aace, he charged through. The light-armed troops of the 

Greeks were posted with the Paphlagonian horse (cf. 8. § 5) upon the extreme 
right of the army, i. e. upon the bank of the river. Hence in making his 
charge through the Grecian ranks, Tissaphernes, who led the left wing of the 
king's forces (8. § 9), wisely shunned an encounter with the heavy-armed 



Chap. X.] NOTES. 2>T9 

commanded by Clearchus and the other Grecian generals (8. § 4), by keeping 

close along the stream (trapa rbv irorafiov). avrovs, i. c. Tissaphernes and 

his band. Cf. X. on ol 5e, § 4 supra. $p6vifxos. By a skilful separation 

of his lines, Episthenes not only lost none of his men in this desperate charge 
oi Tissaphernes, but was even able to do mischief to the enemy. 

8. &s jj.€?ov e'xojj' air-qWdyrj, inasmuch as being worsted he departed 
(from the contest). ovk avacrrp£<p€L. He had no disposition to encoun- 
ter again the Greeks. cvvrvyxdveL, f<dh in with. c/xoO, together, in 

company, is strengthened by S-/;. II. § 851. 4. crvvra^dixevoi, in battle 

array. 

9. 'E7rel 5 s , but when. The narration, interrupted by the digression re- 
specting Tissaphernes, is here resumed. Kara, opposite to. See N, on 

§§ 6, '7. rb cvuvvfxov — Kepas, the left icing, as the army was first drawn 

up (cf. 8. § 4), but now the right wing, in consequence of their having faced 

about to receive the king who was coming up in their rear. ^7} irpocrd- 

yoiev. Cf. X. on 3. § 17. irepLirrv^ayres. The verb irrvacrco signifies to 

fold up, as a book, Luke 4 : 20 ; as clothes, Odyss. I. 439 ; to clasp the hands, 
(Edip. Col. 1611. Hence irepnrTv^avres signifies having infolded = having 
surrounded ; and avaTrrvatrsiv rb Ktpas, to draw or bend the wing back. The 
prevalent meaning of this verb thus compounded, is to unfold, i. e. to extend. 
But the movement here spoken of is so definitely explained in the next clause, 
that I cannot doubt that ava- has here the sense of back. Perhaps it might 
not be amiss to consider both meanings of the verb involved in the contem- 
plated movement, as the extension of the line would help to secure the object 

sought for. Tronjo-acrSai umcr&ev rbv irora.fj.6v, to place (S. § 209. 2 ; H. 

§ 689. 2) the river in their rear, i. e. to form the line of battle parallel with 
the river. These evolutions were designed to prevent the left wing of the 
Greeks from being surrounded, had such been the intention of the king. But 
doubtless nothing was farther from his thought than hemming in a body of 
men so formidable as the Greeks. His intention evidently was to gain a po- 
sition between the Greeks and his capital, to which he could retreat in case 
the enemy were victorious. 

10. "Ev £ (sc. xpwy)-) wAt&£ See X. on 5. § 15. ical §77, even note, 

already. The sense is, that while the Greeks were deliberating in respect to a 
change of position, the king's movement was such as to render the contem- 
plated evolutions unnecessary. irapafieLxpaix^vos = irapzXSuv, having passed by 
the left wing (now the right wing) of the Greeks. So Kriiger and Poppo. 
But Hutch., and with him Zeune and Sturz, connect irapau.ei$ap.svos with r)]v 
<pd\ayya, and render : phalangis forma in eandem (quam prius habuit) per- 

mutata. tls rb avrb axv^ KareffTTjceu ivauriai/ r)]v (paXayya tcaTrsp rb 

TTp&rov fiaxov/jievos trvpnet, drew vpj his anny opposite (to the Greeks), in the 
same order in which he frst came to battle, rb irpwrov. Cf. S. § 135. X. 2; 
H. § 554. a. For the construction of ixaxovpsvos, cf. S. § 225. 5 ; H. § ^89. d. 



280 NOTES. [Book I. 

uvTas refers to the king's forces. tto\v %ti irpoSv^Tepov, ivith much 

greater ardor. They had learned the weakness of the enemy. 

11. 5' au 9 but again. ovtc idexovro, did not receive them, i.e. 

did not stand the attack of the Greeks, but turned the back and fled. 

€/c irXtovos, sc. Siao'T'hfj.aTos, from a longer distance, i. e. the distance be- 
tween them and the Greeks, when they began to flee, was greater than in 
the former engagement, which is equivalent to saying, they fled sooner than 
before. 

12. vicip, over, above. y^Xocpos, an eminence, a. hill. As there are no 

natural hills on the plain of Babylonia, the one here spoken of must have 
been an artificial mound or tumulus. Ainsworth says, that these mounds, 
topes, or tells, sometimes sepulchral, sometimes heaps of ruin, abound on this 

plain. icp 9 ou 9 %ipon which. See N. on 2. § 16. aveo'Tpd<p7]o'av, they 

(halted and) faced about. Poppo says, " avao-Tp4(pGo~&cu et commorandi et se j 
convertendi notionem habet." So also Weiske and Kriiger translate : conversi 
sieterunt. It is difficult to see how Schneider could render this passage, as he 

has, ad quern collem conversi in fugam profecti erant. oi afi<j>\ fia<ri\ea. 

Cf. N. on 8. § 1. ttg^oI fxlu ovk en, not infantry (lit. no longer on foot), 

i. e. the infantry decamped, and the cavalry alone occupied the hill, ire&l 
ficv corresponds to t&v 5e Imrecoy in the next clause, and is in apposition with 
ol b.fx(p\ jSacnAea. The gen. tcov linrecoj/ depends on zvzTrXJ)cr&ri (from £ixTTi[xir\T}- 

fxi). S. § 200. 3; IT. § 575. Weiske explains ware to iroiov/nevoj/ pfj 

yiyvdcTKeiv, ut Gro3ci non possent intelligere quid pedites post collem agerent. 

M ireXTrjs. Dindorf adds hA {uAou, in place of which Hutch, suggests 

iwl £v(Ttov. Render iirl tt^Xttis avaTeTajj.evoy, (with its wings) extended upon 
a spear. 

13. 'E7rel Se /ecu, but when also. tov xScpov, i. e. the yftXotyos spoken of 

in the preceding section. a\\oi uXXo&ev, some in one direction and some 

in another, or as we say, helter-skelter. Sturz remarks that &XXo&€v seems to 
be put here for &XX0&1. But Kriig. makes the places round about the hill 
the stand-point of observation, and paraphrases : &\\oi frxXobev fjX&ov Xel- 

ttoptes tov Xocpov. ityiXovTo 5 J 6 Xocpos twv liririusv. The gradual decrease 

of numbers on the hill until it was entirely deserted by the king's troops, is 
finely expressed in this and the following clause. " Yerbum Xeiirovo-i initium 
fuga3, tyiAovro ulteriorem progressum, et reAos finem indicat." Lion. 

11. ovk avefiifix£ev M tov Xocpov, did not attempt to march tip (S. § 211. 

N. 12; H. § 702) upon the hill. See N. on 2. § 22. vrrb clvtov imparts 

to cr-fjeras the pregnant sense, having marched his army under it (i. e. to the 

foot of it) and having halted. Cf. II. § 618. a; also N. on 1. § 3. KUTa- 

BovTas to, virep tov Xocpov, having looked down %ipon the things beyond the hill 
= having taken a view from the summit of the hill of what was going on be- 
yond. ri la-Tiv, sc. raDra. Cf. Mt. § 488. 7. 

15. Kat, and so. ava. KpaTos. Cf. N. on 8. § 1. 2xe5&p & 0Te 



Chap. X] XOTES. 281 

I ravra %v Kal i)\tos itivero, and the sun also was nearly setting when these 
things took place. Cf. Mt. § 620. a. 

16. 3-e'aevoi ra. oirXa aveiravovTo. Hutch, translates: sub armis conquicsce- 
bant (cf. Cass. Bel. Civ. I. 41), rested under arms. This is evidently the sense, 
as the army halted only for a few moments, while the leaders consulted in 

respect to the place of encampment for the night. irapein is adopted, on 

the authority of Schneid., by Dind., Born., and Kriig., for the common reading 
irapfei. But inasmuch as irapiivai corresponds with Tre^rro: (II. 1. § 2) better 
than irapzivai, Poppo thinks that if the vulgar reading is to be changed (which 
he deems unnecessary, the indie, and opt. being frequently intermixed, Mi. 

§ 529. 5 ; Host, § 122. I. 7), it should be irapioi. yStaav avrbv refrvvKora 

== ySecap on avrbs ir^yi]KeL. For the prolepsis, see X. on 2. § 21. Cf. 

also Mt. § 548 ; H. § ^99. 3 ; C. § 844. cfrca^oj', they were conjecturing. 

3) Kara\7}^6^iey6u tl Trpoz\7]\aKemi, or that he had gone forward to take 

possession of something, i. e. some post or fortress. 

17. Kal answers to apa y.h, § 16. avroi, they themselves, in contradis- 
tinction from Cyrus who has just been spoken of. avrov. Cf. X. on 3. 

§ 11. avTo?s limits e§o|ev, but belongs also to the omitted subject of a-xii- 

vai (see N. on \a$6vra, 2. § 1, and on II. 1. § 2), it seemed best that they them- 
selves should go away to the camp, instead of sending for the baggage. Kriig. 

edits avrovs. Bop-rrnarou, supper time. So Hesych. defines dSpiriG-ros (as 

it is sometimes written), &pa rod 5eiVz/ov. 

18. &\\wv XPW&TW' Cf. X. on 5. § 5. d ri = o rt, whatever. Cf. 

X. on 4. § 9. fieo-ras is put without the article for ^ecrras ovaas. Kal 

ravras, even these. The pron. is employed here, because ras afxa^as to which 
it refers, is separated by intermediate clauses from B^piracrav upon which it 
depends. Cf. S. § 163. N. 3. 

19. wore — ricrav. See X. on 1. § 8. hvdpicrroi, without dinner. 

irplv yap §)) KaraXvcai to (TTpareu^a 7rpbs ^picrroy, for before the army halted 
for dinner. 



282 NOTES. [Book H. 



BOOK II. 
OHAPTEE I. 

1. '&$ jj.cp olv, how then, by what means. The exordium of most of the 
following books contains a similar recapitulation of preceding events, ovv 

here denotes external sequence. See N. on I. 1. § 2. rj&poi(r&Ti Kvpep rb 

'EWrjviitbv — Kvpos tf&potcre rb 'EWtjvikSv. birSre, when. Cf. S. § 76. 

avoScp — ava&dcrei. Cf. N. on avafialvei, I. 1. § 2. The descent to the 

sea-coast is called (V. 5. § 4) Kardfiao-is. Cf. 5. § 22. i\&6vres = ave\- 

&6vres. iKoi/jt.'fj&rjo'aj/ = r)]V vvnra dteyivovro, I. 10. § 19. oloficvoi rb. 

irdvra vinav (H. § 698), thinking that they were victorious in the whole (bat- 
tle), i. e. had gained a complete victory. See I. 10. § 4. For the article 
with izdvra, see H. § 537; S. § 170. N. 3; for the accus. after vik&v, see II. 
§ 544. a; S. § 181. "In consequence," says Mt. (§ 409. 3), "of the phrase 
fidxeoftai ixdxw, the place of the conquest, or the nature of the combat, is put 
in the accusative with the intransitive viko.v, to conquer, Cf. S. § 181. N. 2. 
t£ fyvpotrtev. Cf. S. § 169. 1 ; H. § 492, f. 

2. e/ A/xa 5e rp fjfidpa, as soon as it icas clay, at clay-break. Cf. N. on I. 7. § 2. 

8e corresponds to \jXv in § 1. ovre — out', neither — nor. <n)}xavovvra, 

fut. part, of crj/xaivo). For its construction, see S. § 225. 5 ; H. § 789. d. 

^ESofev ovv abrols. See N. on I. 2. § 1. cvo'Kevao'ajjLEvois and i^oirM- 

craixivois belonging to the omitted subject irpo'Uvai, are put in the dat. by at- 
traction (C. § 843. 7] ; K. § 172. 3. R. 2) with avro7s, to which the subject of 
the infin. refers. This kind of attraction is sometimes omitted, as in "Ztviq, 

.... %K€iv irapfiyyeiXe Xafiovra robs 'dvfipas, I. 2. § 1. & ^x ov ~ tuvtu 

& elXov- ews Kvpcp cviiixi&iav, until they should join with Cyrus. Mt. 

(§ 522. 1) says that if the principal action is past, ews after preterites take3 
the opt. without &v. 

3* v H87j 8e eV opjuLrj tivroov = but just as they were ready to march; lit. but 
when they were in motion (to depart). For the omission of the subject of 

ovrcav, cf. K on I. 2. § 17. afx 7]\i(p aviorxovvri, at sunrise. Tev&pa- 

vias. Kiepert conjectures Teuthrania to have been in JEolis over against Les- 
bos. yeyovcbs airb Aafxapdrov, being (a descendant) of Damaratus. For the 

time of yeyovks (2 perf. part, of ytyvofiai), cf. S. § 211. 6. T\ovs. Cf. S. 

§ 46. 2. 6 Tap*) (gen. S. § 45. 3), the son of Tamos. S. § 168. 2 (end) ; 



Chap. I.] NOTES. 283 

II. § 500. /3 ; K. § 154. R. 2. re^vr\Kev, was dead; properly, is dead 

loo. 0), being the indicat. of the orat. rect. See Xs. on I. 3. § 14; 6. 
The more unimportant portions of the message have the opt. (ire^evyus 

— ei'77, \eyoi) of the indirect quotation. Cf. Goodwin, § 70. R. 1. irepev- 

y^s e%t\ is here followed by ev instead of els, to denote a state of rest following 
the action of the verb. H. § 618. a; S. § 235. Some construct the preposi- 
tion here with etri considered apart from Tretyevyus. kpjxuvro. The pre- 
ceding day's inarch was not completed in consequence of the battle, and hence 

the verb is put in the imperf. rrj irporepaia, sc. r,p.epa. Xeyoi, sc. 

'Apjcubs. ry 5e aAA?? (sc. rjfJLepa borrowed from the preceding clause) ; lit. 

the other day than that which was present = the next day. airievai — £tt\ 

^losvias, he would go away toward (lit. upon) Ionia =z he would set out for Ionia. 
<pai?i, that he declared, affirmed, a stronger expression than \eyoi. 

4. Tadra aitovcravres, when they heard these things. Cf. S. § 225. 2; H. 

§ 7S8. a. &apecas efepov. Cf. X. on I. 3. § 3. 'AAA' &<pe\e pb> Ku- 

pos Crjv, that Cyrus were alive. &<pe\ov, 2 aor. of 6<pel\(a, always expresses 
a wish, and with the infin. is frequently preceded by the particles &s, el yap, 
eibe or crifde. See Butt. § 150. p. 442; H. § 721. b; S. §§ 133. 0; 216. 

X. 3. 7jfie7s ye — whatever may be the result of the engagement in other 

parts of the field, we at least, &e. Cf. X. on I. 3. § 9 (end). el ^77 vuels 

ijK^ere, eTropevofiexta, unless you had come we should (now) be on our march. 
Xotice the force of the aor. and the imperf. See Goodwin, § 49. 2. For the 
use of the indie, in the protasis, and with av in the apodosis, when both are 

past actions, cf. Butt. § 139. 9. 4 ; S. § 215. 2 ; H. § 746. 2. rbv j8o(ri- 

\eiov Kaplers abrov, that ice will place (lit. cause to sit, S. § 133, Ka&ifa) him 
as Icing. For the construction, cf. S. § 185 ; for the form of Ka&ietv, cf. S. 

S 109. X. 1 ; H. § 376 ; K. § 83. r&v yap r)]v fxdxw vlk'Jovtojv ko\ rb &p- 

X^lu ecrri, for it is the right of those who gain the battle to rule also ; or more 
briefly, the right to govern belongs to the conquerors. For the construction of 
ruv — viK'Sivruv, cf. S. § 190; H. § 572. c; K. § 158. 3. a; of /xaxv^i see X. 
on § 1 supra. 

5. robs ayye\ovs, i. e. Procles and Glus. avrbs 6 Mevw, Jlenon him- 
self i. e. of his own accord. So Sturz, "sua sponte." efiovKero, sc. levat. 

|eW Cf. X. on I. 1. § 10. 

6. irepieueve. The Eton MS. has irepU^eive, which Born, follows, bat Belf. 
well remarks, " the end of the expectation is not yet seen, as it would be in 

irepiefieiue. eiropi^ero cItov, procured for themselves provisions, Cf. S. 

§ 209. 2 ; H. § 689. 2. Koirrovres takes the gender implied in crpdrevixa 

with which it agrees (S. § 157. 3. b ; H. § 523; C. § 659; K. § 147. a), and 
is put in the plural because its noun is a collective one. Cf. S. § 157. 3 ; H. 
§ 514. a. |uAo(s $' exp^TO — rots re b'Carots, and they used both the ar- 
rows for wood. See X. on Tncrrordrois^ I. 4. § 15. re — kol connect bicroh 
with rots yeppois. cpdAayyos is here used of an army non instructus. 



284 NOTES. [Book II. 

Kriig. makes ov — itches ov. For the relative adverb ov, cf. S. § 76. 

7]ydyKa(ou. Cf. N. on ^o'a.v, I. 1. § 6. e/c/SaAAei^, sc. e/c twv x^P&v- So 

Born. "Sedcum," says Kriiger, "sagittas non manibus tenerent, cogitare 
mallem Ik ruu (paptrpoov." When the Greeks charged the left wing of the 
king's army, it would appear that many came over from the enemy without 
striking a blow. These deserters, being compelled to throw down their weap- 
ons in order that they might be deprived of the power to do harm, passed into 
the rear of the Greek army, where they were found and retaken by the king, 
when he approached the Greeks, &s eSJ/cet oiria&ev (I. 10. § 6). The fact that 
these deserters were reunited to the king's army, is enough to show the incor- 
rectness of interpreting e/c/3aAAe:y, to pull out, sc. from the ground. (pepe- 

c&ai. The infinit. depends on ?]aai/ with the notion of possibility, were empty 
so that they could be carried away for fuel. It refers in sense also to iriXrai, 

the shields being without owners. ^pv/ioi, empty, their contents having 

been plundered by the king's forces. Cf. I. 10. § 18. Some with less reason 
refer it to the waggons, whose draught animals had just been slaughtered for 
food. 

Ht vrA'ii&ovo'av ayopdv. Cf. N. on I. 8. § 1. irapa fiaaiXecas. See N". 

on I. 2. § 5. aKXoi in reference to Phalinus who was a Greek. The cor- 
respondence of clauses is marked by fx\v — 5e. iyrifxeus %x® v - Cf. K on I. 

1. § 5. TrpocrGiroteTro, he pretended, claimed to himself. The implication 

is, that he was far less skilled in the science of military affairs than he claimed 

to be. For the construction of iTna-T^wv — rQv, cf. S. § 187; H. § 584. c. 

ap,<pl —pertaining to. rd^eis, tactics, i. e. the arrangement of troops 

in the various orders of battle. SirXo/xax^^i exercise of arnx$, especially, 

as the etymology of the word shows, of those weapons used by heavy-armed 
soldiers. 

8. e7rel vikwv rvyxdvei, since he happens to be victor (see N. on I. 1. § 2) 

— since by the fortune of war he is victorious. &vpas. Cf. K on I. 9. 

§ 3. evplcrKtofrai (i. e. ireipaa&ai evpio-Keoftai. So Kriiger) is here in the 

mid. voice with the signification, to find for one's self— to acquire, obtain, and 
is used transitively (S. § 209. 3 ; H. § 689. 2), having for its object &v ri (= 
o n, whatever) Uvwvrai aya&6v. Cf. S. § 179 ; H. § 493. d. Svvcavrai, sc. 
evpio-Keabat, borrowed from the preceding clause. Sturz supplies Trpdrrew, 
and renders, efficere possint. 

Oe ftapeoos jj.hv IJKovo'aj', heard with indignation, lit. heavily, i. e. with de- 
pressed spirits. 0/j.cas Se, but nevertheless although equally indignant with 

the rest. tocovtov, so much = this only. on ov 7W vikAvtwv e'irj rh 

oir\a irapadidSuai, " that it was not for conquerors to surrender their amis. 
Felton. For the construction of roov vikAvtwv, cf. N. on § 4 supra. See also 

S. § 125. 1; H. § 786. /caA7uo"roV re koI bpivrov. A common formula 

signifying, according to the connection in which it stands, what is good, honor- 
able } becoming, fit, &c. Here it denotes that which is conducive to the general 



Chap. I.] NOTES. 285 

interests of the army. " kc\os koI aya&bs proprie dicitur sic, ut aya&bs ad 
animi virtutem et probitatem pertineat, KaXbs autem ad action es externas, 
Ictiam ad generis nobilitatem, divitias, vaietudinem, et alia talia referatur." 
Sturz. ra Upa i£yp7)fA€va, the entrails which had been taken out of the vic- 
tim. This sentence is parenthetic, and contains the secondary parenthesis 
trvx* yap &v6fievos 9 for he happened to be sacrificing. 

10. irpecr^vraros &v. It is probable that Sophaenetus was absent from this 
conference, since he is said (V. 3. § 1 ; VI. 5. § 13) to be the oldest of the 

generals. irp6a^rev — ■>?', before — that, sooner — than. aire?. Cf. Ke- 

Aeuet irapabovras ra birXa, § 8 supra. ri 5e? avrhv alretp ; = ov 5e? avrbv 

alreiv, why is it necessary for him to ask for them. For the construction of 

ti, cf. S. § 182; H. § 552, a. kuX ov (Kriig. gAA' ov) Xafieiv iXfrovra, and 

not rather to come and take them (by force) ; lit. having come to take them. 

\afie7v is opposed to alreii/. ireiaas, by having persuaded us to give them 

up. S. § 225. 3 ; H. § 789. b ; K. § 114. 1. ri ?<rrtfx ro?s arparid>rais 9 

what (reward) the soldiers shall have in return for their arms. See N. on I. *J. 

§ 8. iav avrcp ravra x a p' l(TO0VTaL i if ^ le V 9 ra tify him in these things, i. e. 

if they give up their arms at his demand. 

11. rrjs apxvs denotes the aim or purpose of avrnroieirai, for who strives 
for (lit. makes for) the sovereignty against him. See N. on IV. 1. § 12. Con- 
struct avrcp with avTiTTOisirai. vfias kavrov elvat, that you are his, i. e. his 

servants, property. ivrSs, within, i. e. inclosed by. oaov ovtf el irape- 

Xoi vpXv dwaiab' $lv cL-KOKTtivai, more than you could kill, if he should even 
deliver them up to yoic (to be killed) ; literally, as many as you could not kill, 
&c. hwajxevos is connected by kcl\ to ex&v. 

12. QeSiro/uLTTos. Some MSS. have Bevocpuv, which Hutch, and Kriig. have 
followed, but Qeoirop.Tros has the suffrage of the most judicious critics in its 
favor, and is best sustained by manuscript authority. av is slightly em- 
phatic, as even you. d yA\, if not, excepA. aperi], valor. Con- 
struct av with xpV°~& a h an ^ also the next av with arepr^TJvai. Cf. N. on I. 3. 

§19. arepri&rivai. Supply olo/JLe^a from the preceding clause. Mr/ 

ovv olov, think not then. For the construction, cf. S. § 218. 2. rj/j.as un- 
derstood is the subject of Trapaddbaetv. avv tovtols (sc. o-kXols), i. e. having 

these. See § 20 infra. irepl rcov vperepeev aya&wv fj.axov/j.e&a, i. e. so far 

from giving up what we possess, it is our intention to acquire by conquest all 
your possessions. 

13. (pi\oa6<pCi>, i. e. says Kriiger, aooXeaxovvn t rj aX^eta iXeyx^i. Reiske, 
cited by Born., appends to <piXoa6<pc* : quia s&pjius to aya&bv crepabat et t)-,v 

aper^v. ioutas, you resemble, 2 perf. of e'ikcc, with the signification of the 

pres. Cf. S. § 211. N. 6; H. § 712; K. § 152, 4. R. 1. & veavicrice, 

young man. Phavorinus defines veavianos ■ airb ira>v etKoai • rpt&v eccs irccv 
rpiaKovra reaadpuv, ?) reaaapdaovra evos. Hippocrates assigns it to the fourth 
place in his seven ages, and extends it to the thirty-seventh year. Xenophon 



286 NOTES. [Book IL 

was upwards of forty years old at this time, yet if MS. evidence would permit 
the substitution of his name instead of 0eo7ro,u7ros, his age would be no valid 
objection, since his personal appearance, described by Laertius, eveideo-raros 
els virepfioA'fii/, beautiful to an eminent degree, might lead Phalinus to suppose 
him younger than he really was. Sturz regards veaviffK* in this place as an 
ironical or contemptuous epithet = rash, unskilful. So Hesych. defines vea- 

v'ktkos • vrjTTLos. fo&i — wy, know that you are. Cf. N. on I. 10. § 16. 

ai/6r)Tos 9 literally, without understanding —foolish, simple. But lest this 
should seem to make Phalinus utter an offensive sentiment, which would not 
promote the object of his mission, it may be remarked, that clvotjtos, jucopos, 
etc., were by no means as harsh epithets with the Greeks as they are with us. 
et oUi, if you think. Attic 2 sing, of o'lopcu, oJfxai. 

14. &\\ovs is the subject of \4ysiv. ecjxuraj/, they say. Xenophon 

speaks here and elsewhere, as though he derived his information from others. 
It is highly probable, however, that he was present at this interview with the 

king's embassadors. i>Trojj.a\aKL£ofjLevovs, gradually softening, i. e. giving 

way to their fears. &s teal — /cat, as — so also. The first teal of this for- 
mula is pleonastic, so far as its translation into English is concerned (cf. Mt. 
§ 620. b) ; the latter ical — ovrca (see Mt. § 620. d. 2). Some prefer to take 
&s in its declarative use (H. § 875. d), that they both were — and might become. 

iroAAov &£ioi, very useful. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 12. eiVe — etr, whether 

— or. &Xho ri, in something else than the expedition into Egypt referred 

to in the next clause. For the construction, cf. S. § 182. &4\oi. Kriig. 

edits PovXtrai, but apart from the MS. authority in favor of freAoi, as denoting 
purpose or design, its meaning is better suited to this passage than that of j8ou- 
AeTat, which is merely expressive of wish or inclination. Cf. Butt. Lexil. No. 

35. eV PuyviTTov. Cf. 5. § 13. crvyKaraCTpe^aLvr 3 Uv avry, they 

woidd assist him in subjugating it, i. e. Egypt. Cf. N. on 1. 5. § 7 (end). 

15« airoKenpi^voi ehv has a middle signification. Cf. Mt. § 493. d; Butt. 

§ 136. 3. &\\as #AAa Aeyei, one says one thing, another, another. \iyu 

takes its number from &\\os, which is in partative apposition with outoi, the 
proper subject of the verb. Cf. Mt. § 302. a. Obs. Clearchus addressed his 
inquiry to his fellow-commanders, but Phalinus apparently having become 
somewhat impatient and out of humor with them, does not wait for their an- 
swer, but breaking in (viroXafikp) asks Clearchus to deliver his sentiments. 

elire ri Xeyeis, tell (us) what you have to say = declare your opinion in 

reference to this matter. 

16. aV^evos = ctojueVws. Cf. Butt. § 123. 6. oi &AAo£, i. e. those who 

were present at the conference. Supply curfievoi ewpa/cacn from the preceding 

clause. teal ^uels, sc. "EWrjves iffpiv. tocovtol — ocrovs, as many as 

= all whom. Cf. S. § 76. 1. toiovtols 5e uvres Trpdyfiaa-i, being in such 

difficulties. <TVjj.fiovA<;v6 l ue&d cot, we ask your advice. In the act. voice, 

this verb signifies to give advice, in the mid., to consult or ask advice. The 



Chap. I.J NOTES. 287 



Latins express this difference by consulere alicui, and considere aliquem. . 

TTepl QiV = ITtpl TOVTQ)l> a. 

17. irpbs 3-ewy. Cf. X. on I. 6. § 6. <jvjjl$qv\<=v(tov. Crosby (Gram. 

7. N. 2) says: " the momentary character of the aor. is peculiarly favora- 
ble to vivacity, energy, and earnestness of expression." K&Xhicrrov ko\ 

apiarov. Cf. X. § 9 supra. a.ya\ey6fj.eyoy. This reading is adopted by 

Uutch., Dind., Pop., and Kriig., instead of ay Xeyouevoy, which Weiske and 
some others prefer. Morus thinks it should read xp^oy ciirayra XeySpevovy to 
which conjecture, Bornemann says, the more frequently he considers the pas- 
sage the more he is disposed to incline. As it respects the grammatical con- 
struction, it may be classed with the examples which Mt. (§ 564) calls nom. 
absolute, but which Butt. (§ 145. X. 6) regards as accus. absolute, and may 
here be resolved by ore or inei^ with the finite verb. Bender ds rby e-rcira 
Xpovov avaAeyofjLevoi', when in after time it shall be repeated. Cf. Hi, § 565; 

S. §186. X. 2. crv/j.fiovXevofj.ei'ois crvyefiovXevcrey. Xotice the distinction 

between the active and middle, referred to in the preceding section. 

18. ravra vittiysro is thus paraphrased by Kriiger, "his dictis eumfurtim 
ad suas rationes traducere conabatur. The mind of Clearchus was made up 
as to the demand of the king, and yet he wisely thought it advantageous to 
draw from the emissary advice contrary to the terms of his commission. He 
therefore adjured him as a Greek to give such counsel, as would be honorable 

and befitting the present emergency. viroo-rptyas, lit. having turned 

away = having eluded (the snare set for him). irapa rr ( v h6^av avrov, 

contrary to his (Clearckus's) expectation. 

19. fxia ris = a single one. crca&rjyai depends on iXirttiwy, hopes (i. e. 

chances, probabilities) of being saved. As we would say : one chance in ten 

thousand of being solved. fxvj irapaBiSoyai = fify irapo&ovvai. Cf. S. § 201* 

X. 1 ; H. § 699. fiffi^fiia — ikrls, not even one hope, opposed to ruy jxv- 

piaiv i\TriBa)v jxia of the preceding member. cwfecrdcw, to save yourselves. 

Cf. S. § 209. 2 ; H. § 688. 1 ; K. § 149. 2. ottt? Svvaroy, in whatever way 

possible. 

20. 'AAAa ravra p\v 8?? crv \4ytis = well then, this is your advice. Butt. 
(§ 149. p. 434) says that aAAa stands in an abrupt manner at the beginning of 
paragraphs, having somewhat the sense of our familiar expressions, well, in- 
deed, truly. irXeloyos — a£toi, worth more = of more value. Cf. X. on I. 3. 

§ 12. Leonidas is said by Diod. to have given this truly Laconic answer to 

Xerxes at Thermopylae. <p(\oi. The copula is ehai the subject of which 

is omitted. In such a construction, the noun in the predicate agrees in case 
with the subject of the verb on which the infin. depends. S. § 224; H. 
§775. 2; K. § 172. 3. 

21. Phalinus now begins to change his tone. At first the Greeks are to 
surrender their arms, and go as suppliants to the gates of the king (cf. § 8), 
but finding them resolute, he proposes, as the only condition on which peace 






288 NOTES. [Book IL 

will be granted them by the king, that they shall neither advance nor retreat, 

but stay where they are. avrov. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 11. irepl rovrov, 

i. e. this mandate of the king. w$ iroXepov b'yros, that war is determined 

upon by you. For the construction, cf. S. § 226. a; K. § 177. 3. R. 2. The 
clause is the object of airayyeKoj. 

22* Kal rjfuv .... jSacnAe?, the same things seem good to us also, which 
(seem good) to the king. This repetition of Kal in the sense of also, is quite 
common in a compound sentence. Cf. H. § 856. b. 

23* ov di€0"f)fiai'€, he gave no intimation. This dialogue between Clearchus 
and Phalinus is very amusing. The haughty message which the envoy first 
delivered, the lowering of his terms, when he found that the Greeks would not 
deliver up their arms, and finally his fruitless efforts to obtain from Clearchus 
any intimation of his future design, are all sketched with life and spirit. We 
can readily conceive how crest-fallen the ambassador must have taken his 
leave. 



CHAPTEE II. 

1. oi avv avry, i. e. his colleagues in the embassy. fieXrlovs = higher 

in rank and influence. ovs ovk av avao^x^^f- avrov fiaffiXsvovros, icho 

would not bear his being king, or that he should be king. For the construc- 
tion of ovs — avao'xso'&ai, cf. Mt. § 538; of avao'xeo'&ai avrov, S. § 192. 1 ; C. 
§ 558. £; H. § 576; K. § 158. 5. b. avex* ~& a ' L twos, to bear any thing, as 
opposed to f)TTao~&ai rivos, to succumb to any thing, is placed by Mt. (§ 358) 
under the head of "verbs signifying to surpass, or to be inferior to, followed 

by the genitive." '/J&77, forthwith. rr t s vvKrbs = ravrris rv,s vvkt6s, 

this very night. amivai has avrbs (= e avrov, cf. S. § 222. 3. c ; H. 

§ 775. b) for its subject, that he himself will go away. 

2* bnolov — ri — ri, whatever. ovde rovrois slrre, he did not tell to 

them. He concealed his design from them as well as from Phalinus. 

3. tjfir] yXiov dvvoj/ros, the sun now going down = it being now sunset. 

9 Efj.o\ — &vofA€va> Uvcu, as I was sacrificing in order to go. The infinitive here 
marks the end or purpose of the action expressed by ^vofxeycp. Cf. Butt. 
§ 140. 3 ; S. § 222. 5 ; K. § 171. 2. Prof. Felton renders : sacrificing to 
know whether or not to march. It was customary to perform a sacrifice for 
this purpose, before undertaking any military expedition. Kriiger and Poppo, 
after Schaefer, construe Mvai with lyiyvero ra Upd. Supply KaXa in ovk 

iyiyvero, from irdvv KaXa fjfxiu ra lepa %v at the end of the section. ebc6- 

rws, rightly — with good reason. ovk iyiyvero. Repeat KaKa ra Upd. 

av dwaip&a. For the optative, cf. S. § 215. 1 ; II. § 730; K. § 153. 

fxhp 8}/ avrov ye, certainly here at least oJ6v re, Cf. N. on I. 3, 

§ 1 7. Uvai. Repeat ifiol Svoixzvw. 



Ckap. II.] NOTES. 289 

4. SenryeTy, sc. xp'h from the preceding clause. rls. See K on I. 3. 

g 12. ■ iireiday 5e <T7ju.r]U7} ra> Kepari, "when the signal shall be given with 

I the trumpet." Felton. o~y\ix r {\vr\, sc. 6 craXmyttriis. See N. on I. 2. § 17. 

us avairaveoSai, as if to retire to rest. This was done in order to deceive the 

enemy, should any be lurking about in the vicinity. avari&eo-fre, sc. ru 

(TKtvriy drawn from o'vo'Kevd&cr&e. iirl 5e r<2 rpircp, sc. crj/jLeico, at the 

third (signal). irpbs rov irorafxov, next to (lit. from) the river. ra 5e 

oirXa = robs Se dirXiras. Cf. X. on I. 7. § 10. e|o>, i. e. outside of the 

baggage, which would thus be covered, on the one side by the river, and on 
the other by the heavy-armed men. 

5* to Xonthv (=r airb rov vvv. Phav.), from this time, henceforth. The 
neut. accus. of adjectives is often employed for the adverbial accus. Cf. Butt. 

§ 150. p. 441; C. § 643. ^pX ej/ > *■ e - to0 ^ tne chief command. ovx 

kXojizvoi, i. e. not formally electing him. aXX* op&vres, but (they obeyed 

him) because they saw, &c. 4<pp6vei is put in the imperf. because the prin- 
cipal verb iirei^opTO refers to past time. H. § 735. a. 8e?, sc. cppovuv. 

€• 'ApL&}j.bs 5e rrjs odov, " mensura itineris" Sturz. %v -qX&ov, which 

they went. For the construction, cf. S. § 181. 2; H. § 544. a. rrjs fxa- 

Xns> i. e. to the place of the fight. So airb rr)s fiaxys, in the latter part of the 

section. Cf. V. 5. § 4. o-ra&uol rpus na\ k. r. X Only 84 stations and 

517 parasangs are enumerated in the preceding book. Zeune conjectures that 
9 stations, 18 parasangs, made by the Greeks from Ephesus to Sardis, pre- 
vious to their junction with Cyrus, are here included. rptaKocrtoi. So 

Zeune, and after him, Dind., Born., Pop., and Kriig., read instead of rpiaxi- 
?aoi, which is irreconcilable with the statement of Plutarch, who makes Cunaxa 
500 stadia from Babylon. 

8. Kara ra irapTiyyeXfMei/a. Cf. §4 supra. irpcarov arabfxou. Cf. 1. 

§ 3. bepevoi, sc. oi "EXXr/ves. For the construction, cf. X. on fiaxfawh 

I. 8. § 27. ^refjL€U0L ra oirXa. Cf. >7. on I. 5. § 14. /xrjre — re, not — and. 

When the second clause of this formula has its own verb, its meaning is affir- 
mative, otherwise it is negative. Cf. Mt § 609 ; S. § 230. 2. irpocruixo- 

cav, swore in addition. Ariaeus and his party laid themselves under an addi- 
tional obligation to act as faithful guides. 

9. cr<pd£ai/res ravpov k. t. X. The custom of sanctioning leagues, treaties, 
etc., with the blood of victims, was universal among the nations of antiquity. 
A notable instance is found in Gen. 15 : 18, where God made a covenant with 
Abraham. Cf. also Exod. 24 : 3-8. In this compact between the Greeks 
and Persians, the sacrifice of the wolf seems to have been peculiar to the lat- 
ter, while the other three composed the suovetaurilia of the Romans. els 

aa"irlBa, into (i. e. over) a shield. Corresponding to the boss of the shield on 
one side was a cavity on the other, which here received the blood of the ani- 
mals. fidirrovres oi ixiv. The staining of their weapons with blood was a 

virtual imprecation, that their own blood might thus stain the sword or spear 

13 



290 NOTES. [Book H. 

in case they violated the covenant. Similar to this was a custom of the Chal- 
daeans, which was the ground of the ceremony detailed, Gen. 15 : 9-1 7. The 
parties to the covenant, having slain and divided the victims, placed the parts 
opposite to one another. They then passed between the parts thus divided, 
saying, let it not thus be done to its, implying that if they were faithless, they 

might justly be cut in pieces. Cf. Jahn Arch. § 383. ol fxkv "EWwves 

and ol dl fidpfiapoi are in partitive apposition with the subject of ti/xoarav, H. 
§ 500. b. 

10. "Aye 5^, come now. A formula of incitement. 6 avrbs—o'TSXos, 

the same march. Cf. S. § 202. K 1. teal fyuV, as to you. Cf. S. § 236. 

N. 2. riva yv&ixnv e%«s, " quce tua sententia est." Sturz. &irijjLej/, sc. 

odbv to which rji/irep refers. For the construction, cf. N. on %\v ^\3-o^, § 6 
supra. 

11. *Hv fxlv ^A&o/xej/ airtSpres. The order is am opres (odbv) %v tf\&ojj.ev. 

See N. on fy ?|A3w, § 6. virdpx^ = i&rL Construct 'ETrraicaiBeKa with 

lovres, according to the rule (S. § 181) above referred to. Kriig. attaches to 
(rra&fjL&i/ the idea of time, during the last seventeen days 1 march. Cf. § 560. 2. 

iyyvr&Tco = iyyvrdr<ay. Cf. S. § 167. 6. ovdlv et'xofiei' Kajx^dveiv, 

i. e. oi>$€j/ 6^%o^t€j/ #ot€ Xa/xfidvetv, ice had nothing to take = we could take 

nothing. Cf. S. § 223. 1 (* x «). 4 n. Cf. JS T . on I. 6. § 1. Kareda.- 

vav^o-afjLeu, we entirely consigned. Kara, in composition signifies exhaustion, 

consumption, etc. Cf. Vig. p. 246. juaKpore'pcw, sc. d$6v. Cf. S. §§ 168. 

2 ; 181. 2. airop'fjo'o^j/. The regular construction would have been 

aTropeiv. 

12. Tlopevreov 5' tjjmv. Cf. X. on (TKexriov efoai, I. 3. § 11. Con- 
struct o-Ta&novs, which here signifies the distance passed over (see N. on I. 5. 
§ 7), with iropevriov (S. § 181. 2), which is followed by the same case as its 

verb. Cf. S. § 178. 1. &s ir\e?<Trov, as far as possible. ouk en jj.$j 

§vvr)Tai fiacnXevs rnxas Karahafiziv, " the king will no longer be able to overtake 
us." Felton. Zvprjrai has here the force of dui/^aerai. The double negative 
ov fjL-fj, is used with the future indicative, or with the subjunctive in denials 
referring to the future ; while frfj ov is usually constructed with the infinitive. 

Cf. Butt. §§ 139. p. 364; 148. N. 6 ; S. § 230. 3. tnravie?. Cf. JS T . on 

kv&iciv, II. 1. § 4. 

13. ^Hi> 5* avrn 7) crpar^yia obfihv aWo Swafievn v) airodpavai '/) aTtotpvysiv, 
this strategy meant nothing else than secret or open flight. %v — dwafxevn =s 
iSvj/aro. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 5 (end), crparrjyla, the plan of conducting the 
army. For the distinction between airotipavai and airo<j>vyeiv, cf. N. on I. 4. 

§ 8. tcaWiov, more honorably. Cf. S. § 135. 2. eV de£io, £x 0VT * s T0J/ 

^)\iov. By this it appears that their course was northerly. \oyi(6fi^oi y 

supposing. ets Kcajxas. Col. Chesney places these Babylonian villages on 

the Abu Gharib, near the ruins of Sindiyah. 

14. c$o{cu/— bpyv, they thought that they saw. Cf. Butt. § 141. 3; S. 221. 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 291 

1 ■ ra>y re "EWfycov o! {x)) k. t. A., those of the Greeks who did not happen to 

he in their ranks, began to rim, kc. 

15. 'Ev cp 5e, but whilst. Cf. N. on I. 10. § 10. Kol ev&vs eyvoxrap 

i k. t. A. These sumpter horses betokened the proximity of an armed force, 

and as it was not likely that the king would divide his army, they knew that 

1 he must be encamped iyyvs irov, somewhere near. koX yap (= ydp> etenim) 

Kal, for also, introduces an additional reason for their conclusion respecting 
the nearness of the royal army. 

16. $8ei yap ical aireipnnoTas robs err pander as, for he knew that the soldiers 
were both exhausted. For the construction, cf. X. en ydecrau avrbu re^yvKora, 
I, 10. § 16. aireipnuoras, perf. act. part, of airoppeca, not used in the present. 
This verb signifies, (1) to announce, declare ; (2) to forbid, deny ; (3) to leave 
off, desist, and as this is oftener done from fatigue than any other cause, the 
word by metonomy of cause for effect, assumes the meaning, to be weary or 

fatigued, which is its signification here. tfin 5e nal cij/e ^y, and now also 

it v:as late (in the day). ov — ov5\ Cf. S. § 230. 1. qokoIv is put in 

the opt., because (pvXarro^vos upon which it depends, borrows past time from 

aireKXiue. Cf. S. §212. 3; H. §729. 3. evSvccpov = /car eu&eScy (sc. 

odov), straight forward. Cf. S. § 135. 2; II. § 552. robs irpwrovs, the 

van of the army. els — KaTecTK^ucccrey. See X. on Karicrrn els, I. 1. § 3. 

e£ wy, i. e. the villages. tta\ avrb ra cbrb rccy oIklcvv £uAa, even the 

very wood of the houses. The design of this was to cut off the rebel forces 
from necessary supplies. For the construction of aura, cf. S. § 1G0. 4. a; H. 
§ 538. b; K. § 148. 10. g. ctirb here denotes ' removal from.' 

17. 0/j.cos (substituted by Dind., Born., Pop., and Kriig. for Sfiolcp), not- 
withstanding the villages had been stripped of every thing by the royal army. 

rpSTTco rivl, in some manner =s as well as they could. CKora7oi, in the 

dark. See N. on I. 1. § 9. ws irvyxavov eKacrroi, sc. avXt(6 t ueyoi, as each 

happened (to pass the night) = in whatever manner each one was able. 

were — Kai, so that even. iyyvrara here — iyyvrarot. (rKnyccfidTccy, 

tents, a verbal noun from gkt]v6cq, to pitch a tent. Cf. S. § 139. 

18. t?) vcrrepaia, sc. 'q\iepa.- ovre Kanvbs ovoafxov TrXrjcrloy, nor smoke 

any where near. rrj i<p6dco, at the approach. The king thought the Greeks 

were advancing to attack him, and hence on the next day he proposed a truce. 
Cf. II. 3. § 1. oTs = eKeiyois a. 

19. fcal, also. olov elttbs cpofiov ifXTrea'Syros ylyvecrSai, such as usually 

takes place when fear falls upon a company of men. 

20. ToAfxlSnv — rovrov. Cf. X. on ajid^as — ravras, I. 10. § 18. K^pv- 

tea apiffTov t&v r6re, the best crier of thai time, i. e. he had the loudest and 
clearest voice. For the construction of rwv tote, cf. S. § 169. 1 ; H. § 493. 

a ; K. § 148. 8. l bs ay rbv acpevra rou tvov els ra birXa fj.7}yva"p, whoever 

would give information of the person who had let loose the ass among the arms* 
"This is a mere joke, implying that there was no ground for alarm." Felton. 



NOTES. [Book 

21 • Keu6s 9 empty = vain, groundless. "A/m 5e op&pca, as soon as day 

broke. Robinson (Lex. N. T.) says that u up&pos properly signifies the time 
before and about day-break, while one still needs a light ; but also later, in- 
cluding the morning twilight until near sun-rise." Here it evidently means 
break of day, inasmuch as heralds came from the king about sunrise (cf. 3. 
§ 1), at which time Clearchus was already reviewing his troops. 



CHAPTER III. 

1. a O de d)] %ypa\pa, but now that which I wrote, b — rovro o, of which, 
tovto refers to the clause on .... 4(p6dcp, and is the subject of r\v. Refer- 
ence is here made to what is said in 2. § 18. The evidence that the king was 
alarmed at the approach of the Greeks, was the difference in the tone of his 
second message from that sent by Phalinus (1. §§ 7-23). 

2. irpo<pvAa.Kas, the outposts. itfrovv, inquired for. tv%^v — em- 

CKoircav, happening to be reviewing. &XP iS ° LV o'X^^Vf nn tH he should be 

at leisure. Cf. N*. on Uv eATjcr&e, I. 3. § 15. By this affectation of contempt 
for the Persians, he inspired his own- men with confidence, and gained time 
for the proper disposition of his troops. 

3. thare kclXws %x eLU opcca^ai 7rdvr7j cpaXayya irvKvv,v^ so that the dense 
lines made an imposing appearance on all sides. /caAws e%€^. See jST. on I. 

1. § 5. exety has Spacr^ai for its subject. t&v Se. "In narrative style," 

says Butt. (§ 126. 4), "<3, y, rb often stand only once and with 8e alone, in 
reference to an object already named." re in koX abros re is to be construed 
with koI before ro7s #AAoj?, while re — koI in the next member connects euo- 
irXoTaTovs and euei&ecrarous. etppacau. Cf. N. on I. 6. § 3. 

4# irpbs rots ayy4\ois, near to the messengers. ■ ri fiovKoivro. Cf. S. 

§ 219. 2. avopes o'lrives, as persons 'who. Sturz says that &vdpes here 

might have been omitted. laavoi, competent, duly authorized, is followed 

by aira.yyzi\cu. iaovrai. Cf. N. on cbra£ef, I. 3. § 14. rd re iraph 

PucriXeoos, u regis mandata." Kriig. 

5. [idxns. For the gen., cf. S. § 200. 3 ; II. § 575. a; K. § 158. 5. a. 
ovSh 6 To\/j.'!icrew, nor is he one who will dare. An answer, as Born, re- 
marks, worthy of a Spartan. For the construction, cf. S. § 225. 1 ; H. § 786 ; 
K. § 148. 6 ; Goodwin, § 108. 2. 

6. iyyvs irov, somewhere near. The subject of iirereraKro is ravra 

irpdrreLV. Cf. S. § 153. 1 ; H. § 493. d. otl elicora SokoIgv Xzyeiv &acn- 

Ae?, that they (i. e. the Greeks) seemed to the king to propose what was reason- 
able. ot avrobs — a^oveny, to lead them. Cf. N. on oaris, I. 3. § 14. 

iav at (nroj/dzl yivcavrai. " A transition," says Matthise (§ 523. 1), "to a kind 
of oratio recta." idv, ty, or hv with the subjunct. is a milder expression than 
€« with the future. See Mt. 1. c. ev&ev = e/ceurc Zv&ev. 



Chap. III.] XOTES. 293 

7. avro?s = [iSvots, alone. S. § 160. 4. a. ro?s avSpdcrt. There is 

much difficulty in determining satisfactorily to whom avSpdcn refers. The 
conjecture of Weiske, that it means the Greeks and Persians, who passed be- 
tween the two armies to arrange and ratify the truce, is inadmissible, because 
opposed to the facts of the case, the Persians alone passing between the 
armies as truce-makers. Nor can we adopt the surmise of Hacken cited by 
Poppo, that reference is had to those of the Greeks who would be sent out to 
purchase and bring in provisions, inasmuch as it appears from the latter part 
of the preceding section, that all the Greeks were to be led whence they might 
take provisions. We must therefore conclude with Kriiger, that the ambassa- 
dors or messengers of the Persians are referred to, although this interpretation 
is by no means disincumbered of difficulties. iraaiv, sc. eo-oivro airovtiai. 

8« Li€T<x(TT7}(rd l uei'os avrovs, having caused them (i. e. the messengers) to 

withdraw. Cf. S. § 209. 3. cnrovda j TroieTa&cu = (nrevdecr&ai. Ka& 

Tpvyiav — '0(rvxp, quietly, 'peacefully. tiri, after, i. e. to procure and 

bring. 

9. $lv 6kv7]cT(co"iv jjlt] *vd86£Q 7][xiv ras cirovSas iroi-iicraG-^ai, shall have be- 
come afraid, lest we resolve not to make the truce, frti a7ro5o£?? r^Civ = ^?; ov 

Soty tj/jlTv. olfxai 76 phroi k. t. \. The confidence in their own resources, 

manifested by the generals in hesitating to accept the truce proposed by the 
king, would tend to inspire the soldiers with more courage and energy in the v 
perils with which they were beset. 

10. fiev — \xhroi = yXv de. rb 5e crrpdrevfjca ix° iV * v T &l p -h ^ l 't having 

his army in order of battle. Although going to conclude the truce, he did not 

in the least relax his vigilance. av A&criv ( = 6x^ro?s, 4. § 13. Schneid.), 

canals, trenches. ws. Cf. X. on I. 5. § 10. Siafidcrzis, lit. passings 

over, here a substitute for bridges, temporary bridges. robs 5e. In the 

formula, d /xev — 6 5e, one is sometimes omitted. Cf. Mt. § 288. Obs. 4. 

lit ^v — Karaij.a^e7y. Cf. X. on ?jv AajSelj/, I. 5. § 2. K\eapx<>v — rca- 

Taixabeiv cbs eVeaTaret = KaTa(j.a^e?v &s KAeapxos eYeCTaTei (cf. X. on I. 6. 

§ 5). iTrscrrdrei — '/?px e ? yy€fi6vev&r. fiatCT7]piav, staff, truncheon, carried 

by the Lacedaemonian generals, as an instrument with which to correct their 
soldiers. Cf. Thucyd. Vlil. 84. irpbs tovto, i. e. the construction of tem- 
porary bridges, and the management of those tilings which pertained to the 

transportation of the army and baggage across the trenches. iKkeyofievos 

rbv iiriT-fjdeioy ewaicrev av. Of the various interpretations given to this passage, 
for brevity's sake, I shall select but one, which seems the most natural and 
free from objections, viz. selecting the one most worthy (of punishment) he 

would chastise him. For av with eTcucrev, cf. X. on I. 9. § 19. kcl\ a;j.a 

avrbs k. t. A. By thus sharing in the labor of his men, Clearchus stimulated 

them to great exertions. S^cre iraaiv a\<Txvvr,v dvcu p.)] ov cvo"irovdd£zLv, 

so that every one was ashamed (lit. shame icas to all) not to assist in urging on 
the work, Mt. (§ 609. p. 1082), says that ov /jl^j is found after words in which 



294 NOTES. [Book II. 

a negative sense is involved, as detvoy, alcrxpfo com, etc., denoting that which 
ought not to happen. Cf. Butt. § 148. N. 6. 2. 

12. irpbs avrov. The common reading irpbs avrSv, is rejected by the best 
critics, as being without any sense, irpbs avrb (— irpbs rovro, § 11) is adopted 
by Kruger and Poppo, and perhaps is best suited to the passage. — — ol rpid- 
Kovra %th) yeyov6r*s, those being thirty years old, Cf. S. §§ 211. N. 6; 186. 
2; H. § 712; K. § 152. 5. R. 2. 

13c viroirrevoov, because he suspected. Cf. S. § 225.4; IT. § 789. c. 

oia to irediov apdeiv, suitable (lit. such as) for watering the plain. Cf. Good- 
win, § 93. N. 1. Hutch, thinks that the battle of Cunaxa took place the latter 
part of September. If so, the season for watering the region was past. Cf. 

N. on I. 7. § 15. irpo<paivGLTo — dvcu. Cf. N. on <p&ovwv tcpaivero, I. 9. 

§ 19. rovrov refers to the assertion made in the preceding clause. to 

vdcap a(peiK€vcu, had caused the water to be let forth. atyeiK&ai, perf. infin. of 
acplrjfjLL. Clearchus hastened on the army, in order to show that these impedi- 
ments neither retarded nor terrified the Greeks, and also to give the Persians 
no time to interpose more serious obstacles to his march. 

14. ds K(f>fjt.as. The direction of this march is not given, and it is there- 
fore quite impossible to locate the Greeks with any certainty. They were 
doubtless somewhere in the interior of the country, as it was the manifest pur- 
pose of the king to draw them into a position, whence escape would be difficult 
if not impossible. They remained in these villages 24 days or more (cf. §§ 17. 
25 ; 4. § 1), before they began their march homeward under the general con- 
duct of Tissaphernes (cf. 3. § 9). Qos. " acidulum potum e dactylis 

cociis paratum ; oluov, dulciorum potum, e dactylis expressis paratumP Mo- 
rus. hvb rcou clvtlov. Cf. N. on 2. § 16. 

15. Oia j fxly = Toiavrai fxlu o'ias. ecrriV. Cf. N; on ? t u Aa(Be?j/, I. 5. 

§ 2. ro?s oIkctclis a7re/ce«/To, viere laid by for the domestics. oIkstclis is 

the Dat. Com. Cf. N. on I. 1. § 9. airokeKroi, selected, a verbal from 

aTToXeyca. Cf. H. § 398 ; S. § 58. 2. tjifyis, appearance. '/jAe/cToot/, 

amber, a yellow, transparent, gummous substance found in many countries, 
but mostly upon the shores of the Baltic. For the construction of f/Ae/cToov, 
cf. S. § 198. 2; II. § 581. 2; K. § 158. 7. j8. Knag, makes yXetcrpov stand 
for ?jAe/cToou fyeoos, the noun being employed for its attribute, which is the 

real object of comparison. ret, 5e rives, but some. rpayfj/jLara, for 

desserts. A substantive frequently expresses the design of the noun with 

which it is in apposition. The devrepa rpdirefc, second table = dessert, 

was made up of various sweetmeats, and furnished in times of luxury with 

great splendor. l\v — tjBv, sc. tovto (i. e. ravra ret rpayf)/j.aTa). irapa 

iroroy ( — <rvp.Tr 6a lov), in drinking, i. e. during the drinking-bout which fre- 
quently followed the feast in ancient times. Cf. 1ST. on YI. 1 . § 5. It was at 
one of these symposiums, that Alexander is said to have died in a state of in- 
toxication. The wise man doubtless referred to this custom (Pro v. 23 : 29, 



Chap. III.] NOTES. 295 

30), when in answer to the question, "Who hath woe," &c, he replies: 

k 'They that tarry long at the wine." Kt(paAa\yhs (/ce^aA??, the head, and 

aKyos, pain), causing headache. 

16. iyKe(pa\oi/, the brain, i. e. the pith or marrow, which, being found in 
the top of the tree, was called its iyxe&aXos. So Pliny XIII. 4 ; " dulcis 

medulla earum (i. e. palmarum) in cacumine, quod cerebrum appellant." 

ri]v itiiSTTjTa rrjs 7jdovris, the peculiar flavor, or quality of its flavor. The 
palm-tree, of which such frequent mention is made in the ancient and oriental 
writings, is the pride of tropical climes, and far surpasses in grandeur all other 
trees of the forest. The trunk springs up straight, unbranching, and tapering, 
until towering far above the surrounding trees, it is crowned by a tuft of large, 
radiating leaves, which gives it a singularly grand and unique appearance. 
But aside from its majesty, it is superior to almost every other plant in useful 
properties. It furnishes to the inhabitants of the region where it grows, 
bread, wine, vinegar, sugar, fruit, and materials for all kinds of wicker work, 
etc. Strabo says there was a Persian song, in which three hundred and sixty- 
five advantages of the palm-tree w r ere enumerated. It is found in great abun- 
dance in Babylonia. obey = e| ov. 

18. d,a'/J%ai/a, insuperable. evp-q/xa e7roL7](rd l u^u, I regarded it an unex- 
pected gain, evprifxa. answers to our familiar expressions, windfall, good luck, 

etc. ei ttoos, if by some means. He hints by this at the difficult nature of 

his request. Sovvai, give = permit. curoo-axrai vjjlus els r^ju 'EAAaSa, 

to conduct you safely into Greece. atroo-axTai (by constructio praegnans) — to 
save and lead, anb gives to <rw^w the idea of complete deliverance ; to save 

from, sc. all dangers. olfxai yap av ovk axapio-rcos fj.oi e£eiv, I think that 

I should not be unrewarded, tiv gives to k%eu> the idea of probability. Cf. Mi. 

§ 599. d. Dind. after Suid. reads exeu\ npbs fyt&y, by you = on your 

part. 

19« on SiKalccs clv fxoi x a -p' L C OLro '> *■ e - ( saTS Poppo) on, el x a p' L C 0lT0 > fiucaicos 
&v /jlol x a piC 0LT0 — that if he should reward me, he would (on account of my 

merit) justly do it. For $u/ in the apodosis, cf. N. on I. 6. § 2. Kvpov re 

iiria-rparevoyro — ? ijyyei\a. For the construction, cf. S. § 225. 7; H. § 799. 
3; K. § 175. 1. The participle here takes the place of the oratio obliqua 
(on Kvpos emarparevoi) in the dependent sentence. See H. § 734. c. Tissa- 

phernes here refers to what is detailed, I. 2. §§ 4, 5. a,aa ry ayy e\ia. 

Cf. X. on 1. § 2. Twy — rerayfxevcav = eKeivcav ot rerayfxivoi ^aav (S. 

§ 225. 1; II. § 786; K. § 158. 5. a), of which eitelvojy is constructed with 
[x6ms denoting apart. S. § 188. 1 ; H. § 586. c; K. § 158. 3. Reference is 
had to the officers, who under Tissaphernes commanded the left wing of the 

king's army at Cunaxa. aireKreive is used here for the pluperfect. Cf. N. 

on iiroirjcre, I. 1. § 2. roTade ro?s TrapovcL vvv per* efiov, with those now 

present with me. 

20. &ovXei>(racr&aij to deliberate, take counsel, sc. with others. See N. 



296 NOTES. [Boos II. 

on 1. § 16. For the tense, cf. K on navo'ao'&cu, I. 2. § 2. Ipecfrcu — 

vfjLas, to inquire of you. Cf. S. § 184. 1 ; H. § 553. The accus. of tiling is 

the next clause. tivos eVeKej/, on account of what = for what reason. 

fjL€Tpio)s y moderately, i. e. in good temper. tva jjlol €virpanT6T€pov ?j idv ri 

hvvcafxai aya&bv vfx7v nap* clvtov diairpd£a<r&cu. The order is, 'tva diaTrpd^aaSai 
(to bring about, to obtain) idv ti (= o ti. See N. on 1. § 8) aya&bv dvva/iai 
(sc. 8iaTrpdi;a(r&ai) J evirpaKTorepSv /xoi. Cf. S. § 153. a; H. § 493. d. 

21. ixeTCKTTdi'Tes, having withdrawn. Rkiapxos 5* eAeyej/, i.e. he "was 

spokesman for the others. &s — iroAe^owTes. Cf. N. on I. 1. § 3. 

ovt 9 iropev6 t u.€&a iirl /JatnAea, nor should we have marched against the king. 
This is an apodosis, c\v being supplied. The protasis is aAAa TroAAas k. t. A. 
It appears, from III. 1. § 10, that Ciearchus was not unacquainted -with the 
real object of the expedition. 

22. 'Eirel fji4i/TOi tfBrj avrbv ewpwfiev iv f>eiv$ ovTa, but when we saw him 
already beset with danger, iv detv$ ovra = iv Seivoh vvra, " pericidis pres- 

sum" Sturz. ycrxuvfrtyJ-sv KaX &eovs KaX av&pctnrovs irpodovvai avTov, we 

were ashamed both before gods and men (H. § 544. a ; S. § 181. N. 2) to desert 
him. " The verb alo~xvvofjiai takes the particip., when the action of which one 
is ashamed is performed, the infinit., when the action is declined through 
shame." Host, § 129. 4. Cf. YII. 6. § 21. See also H. §§ 800, 802; K. 
§ 175. K. 3. k. &eovs and av&pc&irovs are constructed in the accus. with 7}crxvv- 
drrjuev, on the principle that verbs of emotion are often followed by an accus., 
which is both the object and efficient cause of the emotion. Cf. Mt. § 414 ; H. 
§ 544. a. 7rap4xovTes rjuas avrovs ev iroieiv, literally, furnishing our- 
selves (to him) to receive benefits = having put ourselves in the way of receiv- 
ing favors from him. eu 7roi€?v, sc. c^crre rbv Kvpov. 

23* Te&vnKev, is dead. ovtg fiacriKu avTnroLovfA&a rrjs apxns, we do 

not contend against the king for the sovereignty. For the construction of )8a- 
ctAe?, cf. S. § 201. 5; H. § 507. 1; of a PX r)S, S. § 192; H. § 577. R. c ; K. 

§ 158. 3. b. ovt %<tt\.v orov eVe/ea, u nor is there any reason why" Felton. 

The subject of tariv and antecedent of orov, is some such word as irpay/aa or 

Xpwa understood. See S. § 172, 4 ; H. § 510. c; K. § 145. 4. R. 2. 

Karc&s iroieiv = /ca/ca ttoisiv. Cf. S. § 184. N.-2; K. § 159. 3 (2). See also 

N. on I. 6. § 7. tis, some one, softer than vjjl^s for which it stands. - 

<rvv ro7s Scots, with the help of the gods. For the construction of ev iroiwv 

(z=: aya&a iroiuv) virdpxVi begins doing well, cf. S. § 225. 8 ; H. § 797 ; K. 

§ 175. 1. e. koX tovtov eft ye hvvafxiv ovx 7)TT7)cr6/j.€&a (= yTTTi&TjO'ojjLe&a. 

Cf. Rost, § 114. 1. N. 1) eu TToiovvres, "we will not be behind him, at least so 
far as our power goes, in conferring favors." Felton. For the construction 
of tovtov, cf. S. § 184. 1. 

24. (acvovtoqv imperative for /xeveTcacrav. S. § 117. 4 ; H. § 358. ayo- 

phv §e rj/jLcTs irape^o/xcv, and we will furnish a market, i. e. a place where pro- 
visions may be purchased. See oirov .... irpiaoftcu, § 26. 



Chap. TV.] NOTES. 297 

25. wed-* ol "EW-qves e(pp6vn£ov {were anxious). For coo-re with the indie. 

see K on I. 1. § 8. tio&rjvai. Cf. N. on Sovvai, §18. a&£eiv robs "EAA77- 

vas. Supply els r)]v 'EAAaSa from § 18 supra. a&Cjeiv is the subject of 5o$?)- 

yoz*. a>s ovk &£iov eXn /3a<nAe7, f//a£ it was not becoming the king. &£iov=: 

irpeirov is followed by the dative. Cf. S. § 200. K 3 ; K. § 161. 2. c (5). 

a<pelvai, to send away (in peace and safety). 

26. Te\os 5', but at last. Cf. S. § 135. 1 ; H. § 552 ; K. § 159. 3 (7) k. 

• e^eartv. Cf. N. on f t v AajSetV, I. 5. § 2. ^ /u?V is the usual formula 

of an oath or solemn confirmation = ice solemnly promise, we swear to furnish 
(irapiteiv). Cf. Butt. § 149. p. 438 ; Mt, § 604. 

27. §ia cpiXias. Cf. I. 3. § 14. ao-ivus, i. e. without committing depre- 
dations upon the country through which they were to pass. uvovfjievovs, 

by purchase. 

29. aireifii, I shall go. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 11. &s (3acri\ea. Cf. N. on 

I. 2. § 4. eneiZav dia'xpd£a l uai, when I have accomplished. The aor. sub- 

junct. after iireidav refers the action of the verb to the moment of time pre- 
ceding the action of the leading verb. See Goodwin, § 20. N. 1. & = 

ravra £>v (S. § 175. a), of which wv is constructed with BeopaL Cf. S. § 200. 

3; II. § 575; K. § 158. 5. a. o-vo-Kevao-d/nevos is an aor. in relation to 

the fut. ?}|co, and indicates the completeness of the action. Cf. Mt. § 559. c. 

us aird&v. See N. on I. 1. § 3. airidov. Buttmann says that this is 

a very clear instance of the future. 



CHAPTER IY. 

1. rjjjLtpas nXe'iovs f) e*iKo<riv. According to Diod. (XIV. 26), Tissaphernes 
in this interim went with the king to Babylon. His long delay, together with 
the tampering of Ariasus, justly inspired the Greeks with fears respecting the 
sincerity of the Persians ; but having no remedy they were obliged to await 
the issue. — — kclI irpbs robs cbv iiceivcp TLepcrcov rives, and some of the Per- 
sians came to those with him, i. e. to the followers of Ariaeus. deltas, 

pledges, assurances. evioi is in apposition with rives. Cf. Mt. § 432. 3. 

fivr ( <TiKaK'f}(Teiv — eiriarpareias. The genitive expressing both the object 

and cause of a feeling, may be rendered on account of. Cf. M. § 368. 5 ; S. 
§ 194. 1; K. § 158. 5 (b). 

2. Tovrav Se yiyvofievccv, while these things zcere taking place. Cf. S. 

§§ 22G; 211. 1 ; H. § 790. a; K. § 176. 1 (a). ol irepl rbv 'Apiawv, Ari- 

aus and his party. Buttmann (150. p. 439) remarks, "the Attics avail them- 
selves of this indefinite expression, even where they wish to speak chiefly only 
of the one person, leaving it from some cause or ether doubtful, whether it 
really concerns only this one or not." Cf. Mt. § 583. c. 1. rirrov irpocr- 

13* 



298 NOTES. [Book II. 

exovres to?s ''EAA^crt rbv vovv, less attentive to the Greeks. Cf. N. on I. 5. 

§ 9. Kal rovro, this also, i. e. in addition to the suspicious circumstances 

spoken of in the preceding section. 

3. Ti, why. Cf. S. § 182; H. § 552. a. irepl iravrSs. Cf. X. on irepl 

ir\ei<rrov, I. 9. § 7. <rrpareveiv is used as an adnom. gen. after <j>6j3os. 

Cf. S. § 222. 6; II. § 778 ; K. § 171. 2. tiia rb tiietnrdp&ai avr$ rb vrpd- 

revp.a, because his army is dispersed. ovk eariv ottws ovk em&'fjo'erai vfxij/, 

it is impossible (see N. on I. 5. § 2) that he will not attack us = he ivill by all 
means attack us. That these forebodings were not groundless, painful evi- 
dence was soon furnished. For the construction of ovk zgtiv ottoos, cf. Butt. 
§ 150. p. 442 ; Mt. § 482. Obs. 2. 

4» "lews Se 7rov, perhaps somewhere. 5e is here continuative. rl, sc. 

X(aplov. airopos — airopevros. eKcbv ye gives emphasis to fiovX'fto'erai. 

Render the clause, for he tvill never willingly permit. rocoide fores, being 

so many (and no more) = being so few. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 14 (end). eirl 

ra?s frvpcus. The Greeks were so near Babylon, that it might be said they 
were at the very gates of the king's palace. 

5« eirl 7ro\e;jL(i), for the purpose of making war, with hostile intent. eirl 
here denotes the end or object of the action. Cf. Butt. § 147 ; Mt. § 585. /3. 
— — irapa ras o-irovBas iroielv, to violate the treaty ; properly, to act contrary 

to the treaty. 'Eireira, thereupon. irpoorov, av&is de, and Kal a/j.a, mai'k 

the disastrous consequences resulting from breaking the truce. Matthias 

(§ 482) says that ovb* oiro&ev is put for ov5' earai obZev, o&ev, or ovdels irapQei 

roiroy, o&ev. Cf. S. § 172. 4; H. § 811. a. 6 riynaojxevos ovdels ecrrai, 

there tvill be no one to conduct us. Cf. N. on 6 roX^aooy, 3. § 5. apa 

ravra iroiovvrwv 7]fiu}p, as soon as we do these things. Cf. S. § 225. N. 1 ; H. 

§ 795. c; K. § 176. 1. a. a^eo-r-^^ei, will desert, ecrrii^ca, I shall stand, 

and its compound acpec'r-fj^co, I shall stand away from, i. e. forsake, desert, are 
futures formed to suit the present meaning of ecrnKa, I stand, while crr)o'cj 
has the meaning of / shall place, from 'Lcrr-qjAi. Cf. Butt. § 107. II. 4 ; H. 

§ 394. R. a; K. § 134. p. 156. Ae\etyerai, will have been left = will a 

moment longer remain. Cf. N. on I. 5. § 16. aAAa Kal oi irpocr&ev fores, 

and even those who were (our friends) before, i. e. Ariaeus and his followers. 

6t 5e el fiey, but whether. apa, then, as is quite probable. 5' in 

rbv 5' ovv responds to p.ev in the preceding member, ovv = as to that. Seo 

K on I. 3. § 5. Evcppdrrjv i Lo~p.ev on. For the construction, cf. N. on I. 8. 

§ 21 (end). The necessity of crossing the Euphrates is indicated by &AAos — 
ecrrl Siafiareos in the preceding clause. 8-J) in ov /nev 5^ serves to introduce with 
emphasis another difficulty, viz. the want of cavalry. Cf. Tig. p. 188. VI. 

irXeiarrov a* tot. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 12, oUv re. Cf. N, on I. 3. § 17. 

viKcovres, if we conquer. S. § 225. 6; II. § 789. e; K. § 176. 1. c. 

1 %% 'E-yo) fiev odv fia<rt\ea, y iroWa ovrcas ecrrl ra avjifiaxa* e'iirep 7rpo,d^yUe?- 
rai TjfjLas airoXecai, ovk olda o n Set avrbv Sfiocrai, u now for my part, I do not 



Chap. IV.] NOTES. 299 

see why the king, whose resources are so great, should swear to us, if he really 
meant to destroy us" Sophocles (Gram. § 160. N. 5). (Bao-iKia is the subj. 
accus. of dfioo-ai, before which avrbp referring to /3a<nAea is placed, in conse- 
quence of the intermediate clauses between /3cc<nAe'a and b^oaai. For the con- 
struction of 5e?, cf. S. § 153. a; H. § 494. a; K. § 145. 3. freot/s iiriop- 

itfyrai. "With verbs ' to swear,' the deity or person by whom one swears is 
put in the accusative." Mt. § 413. 10. Clearchus argues that if the ulterior 
design of the king were bad, he would not have entered of his own accord into 
such a solemn covenant with the Greeks. 

8. 'Ev 5e rovrw. Cf. X. on I. 10. § 6. i Op6vras. Repeat tjksv e'xojy. 

rjye Be k. t. A. Both Tissaphernes and Orontas were rewarded with the 

hand of the king's daughters, for their fidelity and good conduct in the war 

with Cyrus. iirl yd/up, for marriage, i. e. for the purpose of marrying her. 

Kriiger translates, u in order that he might live with her in wedlock," on the 
ground that the marriage ceremony had been previously performed at Baby- 
n. 

10. €<£' eavTcav, by themselves. Cf. Mt. § 584. &. eicdcrrore = act, al- 

ys. airexovTes aAATJAa?*', Cf. N. on I. 10. § 4. a\\-f)\ovs depends 

on i<pv\drrovro {were on the guard against one another), which apparently is 
transitive. This accus., however, may be regarded very properly as synecdo- 
chical. Cf. S. § 209. 2 ; H. § 544. a. 

11. e/c rod avrov, from the same 'place. i^b?^- Their precautionary 

measures created viroypiav, suspicion ; the petty contentions which resulted 
from this jealousy, led to *x&P av > enmity. 

■ 12. From the time of the truce to the passage of the Tigris at Sitace, the 

course of the armies was south-easterly. irpbs rb Mytilas k. r. A. Some 

MSS. have M^Seiccs, which Kiihner adopts on the supposition that the wall was 
so called, not from Media the country, but from Medea, the wife of the last 
king of the Medes. This wall appears to have been erected, to protect the 
inhabitants of Babylonia from the incursions of the Medes. It did not run 
directly across the isthmus, but inclined from the Euphrates to the Tigris in a 
N. E. direction. Its length, according to Rennell, was about 24 British miles. 

avrov eicrco, within it (cf. S. § 195; H. § 589 ; K. § 151). In order to 

conceal his treacherous design, Tissaphernes seems to have marched in a north- 
ward direction until the army reached Pylag, where he turned off in an easterly 
direction and passed within (i. e. on the side toward Babylon) the Median wall, 
as here related. Col. Chesney and others are of the opinion, that the army 
proceeded north-westerly to avoid the Hur or the marshes of Akka Kuf, until 
they reached a position so near to the Median wall that they might be said to 
be within it. But TraprjA&oi' avrov e'i'crw signifies they passed through, and not 

along within it. ttXlv^ois birr ah, burnt bricks, were different from the 

wf^i ir\ij/&o$, dried brick, which was a common material for buildings in those 
countries. Cf. Bib. Rep. Vol. VIII. p. 167. eV ao-(pd\rcp. This is the 



300 NOTES. [Book II. 

cement used by the builders of Babel. " Bitumen had they for cement.'* 
Gen. 11 : 1-9. This bitumen was found in inexhaustible quantities in the 
fountains at Heet. Rich says, that the principal bitumen-pit at Heet has two 
sources, and is divided by a wall in the centre, on one side of which the bitu- 
men bubbles up, and on the other side the oil of naphtha, for the two produc- 
tions are always found in the same situations. The bitumen is at first brittle, 
but is rendered capable of being applied to brick, by being boiled with a cer- 
tain proportion of oil. It furnishes the finest of all cements. Cf. Bib. Repos. 

Vol. VIII. pp. 158-89. irapaaayyuv depends on jutjkos. C. § 568; H. 

§ 567 ; S. § 190. 

13. Sitiopvxas* A reference to these canals, with which the region of Baby- 
lonia was cut up, will help to explain the beautiful poetic effusion, "By the 
rivers of Babylon," &c. Along these canals or streams, designed to irrigate 
and beautify Babylon and the adjacent country, the captive Jews sauntered 
after the toils of the day, and reposing under the shady willows, indulged in 
expressions of mutual sympathy, or mourned in silence over their wrongs and 

woes. tV /xhv — T7]u 5', the one — the other. i^evyfxivrjv ir\olos kirrd. 

See I. 2. § 5. ixdrrovs, narrower. Cf. S. §§ 59. 3; 58. 2. oxerol, 

drai7is, rivulets. &<nr€p iv t?7 'EAAaSt. Repeat KaraTerfi^vTai. So Kriig. 

jueXimSy folds of millet. irpbs <£, close upon which. 'Zltclk^. 

Mannert (Geog. V. p. 384) gives this town the site now occupied by Old 
Bagdad. Col. Chesney locates it about ten miles N. W. of Bagdad near 
Sheriat-el-Beidha. Ainsworth thinks its ruins are found at or near the site of 
Akbara. 

14. Trap' avT^v 9 near it. devdpcov depends on dd&eos. S. § 200. 3 ; H. 

§ 584. b ; C. § 529. a; K. § 158. 5 (a). oi 8e pdp&apoi k. t. A. Kriiger 

places a colon after TlypTjra, and supplies ia-K-f}vw(rav from the preceding 
clause. But this is unnecessary, since by rendering Biafiefi-nKores, although 
having just crossed, the way is prepared for ov jxivroi, without making the sen- 
tence consist of two propositions. 

15. ervxov iv irepiirdrcp uvres, happened to be walking. See 1ST. on I. 1. 

§ 2. irpb t&v oirKcav = before the camp. teal ravra. Cf. N. on I. 4. 

§ 12. irapa 'Apiaiov &v, being (sent) from Ariams. 

16. or i. Cf. N. on I. 6. § 7. 6 &i>&pa>iros = itceivos. fri) — iiribuv- 

rai. Cf. K on I. 3. § 17. ttjs vvktos, this night. Cf. K on 2. § 12. 

5e = ydp. r$ ir\r](riov TrapaSeur^, the neighboring park. Cf. S. 

§ 169. 1 ; H. § 492. f ; also KT. on I. 2. § 7. 

17. &s =z b'n, since, because. Cf. Mt. § 628. 5. &$ in the next member 

is put for tVa, that, so that. See Mt. § 628. 1. &AA' iv fxicy airoXTjcpfrrJTe 

rod iroTa/j.ov ko\ ttjs Zuapvxos, but that you may be shut in between the river 
and the canal. See § 13. iv fiecrcp s= fiera^v. 

IS. irapdxfrr) (rcpdBpa not icpopeTro. The situation of the Greek army in 
the very heart of the Persian empire, inclosed by rivers and canals and sur- 



Chap. IV.] NOTES. 301 

rounded by myriads of enemies, was any thing but favorable. No wonder 
that so daring a soldier even as Clearchus, should be startled at this intelli- 
gence of a night attack, in which Grecian discipline would be far less effectual 
against the overwhelming numbers of the enemy, than in a battle by day. 

19t t&v irapovTccv, of those xcho were present. For the construction, cf. S. 

§§ 225. 1; 188; H. §§ 786 ; 572. a; K. §§ 148. 6; 158. 3. R. 1. obn 

a/c^Aov.d-a, not consistent (with each other). The subject of eft] is to 4m- 

&e<r&ai k. t. A. Cf. S. § 153; H. § 494. a; K. § 173. 1. en imri&efii- 

vovs v) vlk3.v Seficrei v) ?;rrao"3-ar, that if they attack us, they will of necessity 
conquer or be conquered. The subject of Severe* is vlk5.v and rirruabai. See 

preceding Note. €X 0l r l€J/ • • • • <r«S-e2]uez/, would we have a place where we 

coidd save ourselves by fight. There is here an implied protasis, if we should 
wish to seek safety in fight. oirot. See N. on I. 9. § 13. 

20. 3 Eav 5' av> but if on the other hand. The argument is, that in case the 
Persians were victorious in this night assault, the destruction of the bridge 
would not be necessary for the reasons specified ; and if they should lose the 
battle, nothing could be more ruinous to them than thus to cut off the means 
of retreat and preclude those on the other side of the river from coming to 

their aid. iroWccy uvrcau iripav, many being the other side (of the river). 

irepav is here used absolutely. Cf. Butt. Lexil. N. 91. 

22. Tore Sr? kcu, then indeed. viroTT€fj.\pcu€v (= fj.<zra SoAou iKTre/xipaiev. 

So Suidas), had privily sent. Cf. Thucyd. IV. 46. § 5. Ikvovvtcs fi^j — 

[xivoizv. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 17. okvovvtgs borrows past time from v-kott^- 

ipcuev upon which it depends. SieAoVres is adopted, on the conjecture of 

Holzmann, by the best critics instead of foeA&oz/Tes, which destroys the obvious 

sense of the passage. v)}<roo. So called from its being inclosed by the 

river and canal. Cf. § 17 supra. ipv/xara is in apposition with Tiypnra 

and Si(A>pvxa>» evbev /jlev — sp&ey oe, June — illinc, on the one hand — on the 

other. aya&qs, fertile. rwy ipyaa-ofiepuv ivovrcov, there being ?nen in 

the country to cultivate it. See N. on 3. § 5. The peasantry would be neces- 
sary to till the land and supply the Greeks with necessary food. a-Koa-rpo- 

<pfy (= Karatyvyfj. So. Phav.) yevoLTO, might become a refuge, a place of refuge. 

Cf. Cyr. V. 2. § 23; Herod. Till. 109; Demosth. Phil. I. 8. rls, any 

one (of the king's subjects). 

23* Mera ravra, after these things. fxivroi — o/jloos, nevertheless, i. e. 

although they did not believe the messenger, jxivroi serves here to strengthen 

Ofioos. Kal ovre iire&eTO ovSels ovBajj.6^€j/, but no one from any quarter 

attached them. Notice the accumulation of negatives. Cf. S. § 230. 1 ; H. 
§ 843 ; K. § 177. 6. See also I. 6. § 11 ; 8. § 20. 

24# cos oTop re ixaXicrra iretyvXayfievcos, " with every possible precaution." 

Felton. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 17. rcou irapa TLcaacbepyovs "SKkyvow, of those 

Greeks (who were) with Tissaphernes. Cf. N. on I. 1. § 5. us hia$aiv6v- 

T(cv jueAAoiej> iir&Tjo-ecr&ai, that (the Persians) were about to attack them (i. e. 



302 NOTES. [Book II. 

the Greeks) while they were crossing. For the construction of SiafiaivSpTcovj 
cf. S. § 225. 2; H. § 790. a; K. § 116. 1 (a); of /flfAAoit* im&faecrbcu, cf. S. 
§ 89. 2 ; II. § 711 ; K. § 125. 1*. For the use of the mid., see S. § 209. 1 ; 
II. § 688. 1 ; K. § 149. 2. Poppo follows the common reading iTriTi&e<r&cu. 

§ia$aiv6vTtov }j.4vtoi (sc. clvtwv. Cf. IS", on I. 2. § 17), however , while they 

were crossing. avro?s belongs logically to dia^aiv6yrcov, but takes its case 

from iirtcpai/n. See N. on AajScWa, I. 2. § 1. et fiiafiaivoicv, whether they 

were crossing. inel 5e elSej/, sc. avrovs diaficui/oj/ras. &>X 6T0 cwreA.atWj' 

= aH}\a(T€, he rode away. Cf. S. % 225. 8; H. § 796; K. § 175. 3. e. The 
cowardice and duplicity of the Persians are seen in this whole affair. 

25» Qvo-kov. Rennell thinks that this is the river now called Diala or 
Deallah. Others, as Ainsworth and Rawlinson, are inclined to identify the 
Physcus with the ancient canal, Katur or Nahrawan. The city of Opis was 
one of considerable importance, having its rise in the decline of the Assyrian 
cities on the Tigris, and its wane from the founding of the cities Seleucia and 

Apamea, by the Seleucidse. aTrfivrrjce = ivervx^ met. vo&os aSe\<pos, 

illegitimate brother. Cf. N. on I. 1. § 1. 'Xovo'ow, Stcsa, "a celebrated 

city of Susiana in Persia, situated on the east side of the Eulseus or Choaspes. 
On account of its being sheltered from the north-east wind by a high ridge of 
mountains, it became from the time of Cyrus the Great, the winter residence 
of the Persians. It is celebrated in Scripture as the place where Daniel saw 
the vision of the ram and he-goat, and where Ahasuerus kept his splendid 
feast. Sir John Malcolm says, "its ruins are not less than 12 miles in extent, 
and that wild beasts roam at large over a spot where once stood some of the 

proudest palaces ever raised by human art." 'EKfiaTavoov, Ecbatana, a city 

of Media, and next to Babylon and Nineveh, one of the strongest and most 
beautiful cities of the East. It was the summer residence of the Persian 
kings. ojs &0T]&'f)crccv. Cf. N. on I. 1. §3. 

26. ds tivo, two and two, i. e. two abreast. Cf. Yig. p. 226. XIY. See 

also N. on I. 2. § 15. cSaAotc koI &AXote icpiard^evos, halting now and 

then. ocrou 8* [av] xpovov, as long time as, corresponds to toctovtov xp&~ 

vov in the next member. Cf. S. § 76. 1 ; K. § 63. a; II. § 247. to rtyov- 

fievoy, the van. lirtoT^cete, sc. eavro. So Mt. § 521. But Schneid., Born., 

and Pop., supplying 6 K\4apxos, make to r>yov}xevov the object of eTncnftcete. 
So also Kriiger, who, however, adopts the common reading iirio'Tf/, and ob- 
jects to the employment of the opt. on the ground that tip ought in that case 
to be omitted. But that the opt. sometimes takes tt.v in such a construction, 

see Mt. § 527. Obs. 2 ; Butt. § 139. 3. toctovtov fy avdyK-r} XP° V0V ^' °^ ov 

tov (TTpaT^fiaTos yiyvccr&ai tV iirio-Tao'iv, so long a time, a halt of necessity 
took place through the tvhole army ; or more briefly, the whole army necessarily 
halted. For the construction of ylyvec&ai, cf. S. § 222. 2; H. § 767; C 
§ 849. (b). top Uepo-riv, i. e. the brother of the king. 

27* MySias refers to the country east of the middle Tigris. els tcls 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 303 

I UapvadnBos K(a{xas. Cf. K on I. 4. § 9. Col. Chesney places these villages 
about three miles beyond the Lesser Zab, a river which Xenophon passes over 

in silence. Kvpcp eireyyeXcov, insulting Cyrus, i. e. the memory of Cyrus. 

'• ir\nv ai/dpairSdow, except slaves, i. e. they were permitted to enslave none 

of the inhabitants. 

28* irepav rod TroTa/xov, on the other side of the river. u 7T€pav, beyond, on 

the other side, chiefly of rivers and other waters." Butt. §117. 1. Kcu- 

vai, supposed to be the Cannah of Ezekiel, 27 : 23. Ainsworth finds its site 
in the ruins of Kalah Shirgat, Col. Chesney, at the ruins of Ur, three or four 

miles below Shirket. iirl cx^S/as Sicpfrepipais, in rafts (see N. on I. 5. 

§ 10) of tanned skins. 



CHAPTER Y. 

1. Zaparov, Zabatus, now called the Greater Zab, to distinguish it from 
another river of the same name farther down, which is called the Lesser Zab. 
1 It is one of the principal tributaries of the Tigris, and Ainsworth says, at cer- 
tain seasons of the year brings down a larger body of water than the main 
stream. Its course is at first S. E., and then it turns and flows S. W. until its 
confluence with the Tigris. virotyiai. See N. on 4. § 11. 

2* (rvyyevia&ai, to have an interview with. dvvairo, sc. iravcrai ras 

viro-tyias. irava'aif to cause to cease. irplv — yevea&ai. Cf. S. § 223. 3. 

H. § 769 ; K. § 183. R. e£ avr&j/, i. e. the suspicions. ipovj/ra otl — 

XptfC 0l > t° sa V (S. § 225. 5) that he wished. avrca refers to Tissaphernes. 

3» olda 7]jxlv opKovs ysyevriiizvovs (cf. N. on ydecrav avrhv re^uvKora, I. 10. 
§ 16) = I know that we have sworn, and hence is followed by /toj adiK'fio'eiv ak-. 
kfikovs, not to injure one another, as the cognate accusative (S. § 181. 2; H. 

§ 547), or perhaps the synecdochical accusative (S. § 182; H. § 549). 

&*, as — supposing us to be. H. § 875. a. yfxas depends on <pvkaTr6fjLe' 

vov, guarding against us. See N". on 4. § 10. 

4# o7co7iw, tcatching closely. ovre is followed by re in the next mem- 
ber. Cf. N. on ^/Te — re, 2. § 8. toctovtov ovSeV, no such thing. els 

koyovs (Toi ik§e?v, "to come to an understanding with you ; literally, to come 
to words with you." Felton. For cot, cf. H. § 602. 1; K. § 161. 2. j8; S. 

§ 202. 1. o-ircos et dvvai/JLsfra i^ekoifxev a\\7)Awv t)]v birurriow (= inro^iav), 

that, if possible, we might remove our mutual distrust. 

5t Kal yap olda i]dv, for I have already (i. e. before now) known. . 

Poppo says that robs fxkv — rovs 5e — ot — iiroina'aif is a kind of anacoluthon for 
uv ol filu — ol Se — iiroi-qcav, or ol iiroincrav, ol fikv — ol 5e. Krliger thinks 
that the writer began the sentence as if he would have written e| vnotyias, 
<po$r\SivTa.s — $ov\oijl4vovs — iroi'fjo'avras, but changed the construction to avoid 
the recurrence of so many participles. Cf. Mt. § 631. 4. nal, even. 



304 NOTES. [Book II. 

<f>oj!}r}&evTe$ aW'fjAovs. See N. on 4. § 10. <p&d<rcu fiov\6fAevoi irplu iraSruv, 

wishing to inflict an injury before they received one == desiring to avert danger 
by striking the first blow. For the construction, see N. on (p&dvwcri KaraXa- 

jSoVres, I. 3. § 14. iiroi^crai/ .... ovdev, have inflicted irreparable injuries 

upon those who were neither intending nor wishing to do any such thing. For 
the construction of robs — jueAAoyras (sc. 7roif;o-eu), cf. S. § 184. 1 ; H. § 555; 
K. § 160. 2. 

Gt ayvw}xocrvvas, misunderstandings. tJkoj, / am come. 

?• Clearchus now proceeds to show that the Persians had no reason to dis- 
trust the Greeks, irpwroy [xkv yap iced fxeyto'Tou, for first and greatest , i. e. first 

in order and importance. ol fewv opicoi, the oaths (sworn by) the gods, few 

is the object, gen. S. § 187. N. 1 ; H. § 565. tovtoov depends on TrapruxeK-q- 

k6s. Cf. S. § 193 ; H. § 576 ; K. § 158. 6. I. (c). cvvofiev avrcp— Trapse- 

Xtjk&s. See N. on I. 3. § 10. ovr airo iroiov ay rdxovs, neither by means of 

what speed. airocpvyoi — airodpairj. Notice the distinction in the meanings 

of these words referred to in N. on I. 4. § 8; II. 2. § 13. gkotos, dark- 
ness = dark place. " ottcos pertinet ad *xvp6v, quo modo munitum." 

Weiske, cited by Kriiger. tc6.vtt\ yap irdi/ra, for all things everywhere. 

For the construction of these kindred words, cf. S. § 239. The sublimity of 
this passage ought not to pass unnoticed. It shows that worthy ideas of the 
gods (alas, that it should be few and not feov) could find a place in a heathen 

mind. Cf. Ps. 139 : 1-12. \moyjx = virox^ipia. Kparovcn, are masters. 

For its construction with irdyrw, cf. S. § 189; H. § 581. a; K. § 158. 7. (a). 
Matthise (§ 359. Obs. 1) says that KpareTy = Kpeica-w elyai takes the gen. from 
the idea of comparison included in it. It is sometimes constructed with the 
dat. (cf. Mt. § 360. a), and sometimes with the accus. (Mt. § 360. b), espe- 
cially in the sense to conquer. Cf. Y. 6. § 9 ; YII. 6. § 32. See also S. § 189. 
N ; K. § 158. R. 9. 

8» Trap'' oh rj/xets r%v cpiAiay cvvbi^voi KaTe&e'^e&a, with whom we, having 
formed cm alliance, have deposited our friendship. By the solemn oaths and 
sacrifices with which the league of friendship was ratified, a virtual deposit of 
it was made with the gods. Hence, as this deposit was the result of a mutual 
and harmonious arrangement, neither party clandestinely or without just cause 
could withdraw it, and become secret or open enemies to their sworn friends. 

rw 5e ay&ponriyw is opposed to irepl /,iej/ rw few in the preceding 

member, and limits /jLeyicrToy. Cf. S. § 188. 1 ; H. § 559; K. § 158. 3. E. 1. 

(c). <re eycoye. The position of these words is beautiful and emphatic. 

£y t$ irapSvTi, at the present time. 

9» yap <roi. Pop. writes yap coi on the ground that <rvv, as opposed to 
ctyeu in the next clause, is the emphatic word. But it is easy to see that an 

emphasis even then rests on the pronoun. Cf. Butt. § 14. 7. iracra i±\v 

Tiixtv ddos, every way to us = our whole journey. K. § 148. 10. c. (a); H. 
§ 537; S. § 170, N. 3. For the construction of 67rm?SeiW, see N. on 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 305 

avfrpdirwy, I. 7. § 3. $ia ckStovs = a-Koreivfj, dark, i. e. unknown, unex- 
plored. cpofiepos, fearful, i. e. an object of fear. (popEpuraTov, a most 

fearful (thing). "When the adject, is a predicate, it often stands in the 
neut, sing., although the subject is masc, fern., or in the plur." Mt. § 437. 
4. Cf. Tvorafxohs airopov, III. 2. § 22, C. § 655. c; H. § 522; S. § 157. 1. c; 
K. § 147. (b). ip7]fi(a is opposed to u%Aos. 

10. El Se d}j icai, but if indeed. &AAo ri ay v) rby evEpyErr ( y KaraKrei- 

vavres, what else (would happen) than having slain our benefactor. For the 

construction of &\\o n, cf. S. § 219. 5; H. §§ 508. b; 829. a. zepedpov. 

In the public games, the candidates were matched by lot. In case of an odd 
number, he who drew it was called zeptdpos (M and kdpa, a seat), and awaited 
the issue of the contest in order to be opposed to the conqueror. Cf. Man. 

Gas. Lit. § 81. p. 497. "Oguv 5e S77 koX o r iw av iXiridctiv ifiavrbv CTepycro- 

fiat, of how many and what hopes I should deprive myself. S. § 200. 3 ; H. 
§ 580. a; C. § 529. 

lit yap (illustrantis. See X. on I. 6. § 6) introduces an explanation of the 

preceding proposition. Cf. Mt, § 615. twv tots (sc. avrov, the subj. of 

£vai). See N. on 2. § 20. by = Zkwov 6V. S. § 172. 4 ; H. § 810 ; K. 

§ 182. 7. Kvpov Svvaixiv, i. e. the army of Cyrus which Ariseus was now 

leading. X^P av ^ l - e - tne satrapy referred to, I. 1. § 2. tV &e jSacr:- 

Xioos dvya/jLij/, y Kvpos iroAefilq ixprjro, col ravrrjy (rvjjL/jLaxov ovcray, and the 
hiiifs power, which Cyrus found hostile (— which was hostile to Cyrus) being 
in alliance with you (= being your support). For the construction of c'xovra, 
G(ti(ovra, and ova-ay, cf. S. § 225. 7; H. § 799. 3 ; K. § 175. 1 ; of ravrriv, cf. 
N. on ravras, I. 10. § 18. 

12. Tovrcay 5e toiovtwv ovTwv, these things being so. ceris ov /BouAe- 

rat, as not to wish, gvtis after ovrca is put for &<rre itcetvos. Cf. Mt. § 479. 

Obs. 1; H. § 822; C. § 756. Cf. 6. § 6 ; VII. 1. § 28. s AAAa ^v, fur- 

thermore. ipco .... thai. I have given this clause the marks of paren- 
thesis, on the authority of Weiske, Schneider, and Poppo. But Kriiger makes 
it an anacoluthon, the construction, as commenced, requiring something like 
Kal 7]fX€is 7roAAa vp.as ax^eAe?;/ dvj/7]G"6 t ue&a. Cf. Mt, § 631. 2. See also X. on 
III. 2. § 11. 

13. yap in fx\v yap serves to explain ravra in the preceding proposition. 

Cf. Mt, § 615 (end) ; also X. on § 11 supra. olda — Mucous — ovras, I know 

that the Mysians are. See N. on I. 2, § 21. Construct av with Trapacx^v 

in dependence upon vofiifa, whom I think that I might render. ra-xeivovs 

vfuv, subject to you. cucovca — elvai. Mt. says (§ 549. 6. Obs. 2) aitoveiy, to 

hear intelligence of something, to receive information from hearsay , commonly 

takes the infinit. instead of the participle. Cf. Eost, § 129. 4. c. roiavra, 

i. e. of the same disposition with the Mysians and Pisidians. a olfiai av 

iravcai evox^ovvra aet, which I think I can cause to cease from continually 
disturbing. For the construction of navo-ai ewxAouVra, see reference on 



306 NOTES. [Book IL 

%X°v™> § 11 supra; of evdainovla, cf. S. § 201. 2; H. § 544. c. Alyv- 

irriovs follows KoXdcrecr&e in the next clause. ou% 6pu> iroict dvyafxei cv^a- 

X f ? XP 7 7 (r "j U6Z/0i y>aXkov $lv /coAacreo'&e rrjs vvv avv ifxol ovens, I see not what 
allied force you can better employ to chastise than the one now with me ; lit. 
by using what allied force you can better chastise, &c. iroia. The interroga- 
tive pronominal adjectives are used in indirect as well as in direct questions. 
Cf. S. § 164. Uv is to be taken with xp^ffajuepoc, which it weakens. tt)s — 

c$<rr)s = 'o 'TV °v ff V- Cf - Mt - § 454 - 0bs - 2 ; Butt - § 132 - N - 19 *> S. § 198; 
H. § 660; K. § 168. 3. 

14. 'AAAa rfjv — ye, but still further, yet more. iripi^ (= irepl taken 

absolutely), round about. r$ == rivi. See N. on I. 9. § 7. &s fityi- 

ctos, the very greatest. S. § 159. 5 ; H. § 664. Repeat (pi\os from the pre- 
ceding clause, and supply ix°° v W^s virnpiras from the clause below. — — as 
SecnrSTws avacTpetpoio, as a master you may conduct yourself (towards him). 
amo-Tpecpojucu in the middle signifies to turn one's self around ; hence, to move 

about (among persons) = to live, to pass one^s time, to conduct one^s self. 

rrjs x^P tTOS ' Supply evena from the preceding clause. %v croofremes virb 

gov cot Uv exoijJ.ej/ Sucaiccs, which we should justly owe you as our deliverer. 
aw&evres fab <rov, having been saved by you. 

15. ovrca — &avfiao'T6i' 9 so strange. rb <re rjfxlu airicreiy is the subject 

of doK€?. Cf. S. § 153. a; H. § 494. a. rovi/opa (i.e. rb ovofia) ris = 

the name of him who, etc. See C. § 762. 3. ovtw davbs \eytiv, so skilful 

to speak = so eloquent a speaker. Cf. S. § 22.2. 6 ; H. § 767. ainiix£i<p&n, 

1 aor. of airanzifiGo-bai, a Homeric word for aTroKp(veo~&ai. 

10. 'AAA' ydofiai fxhv — olkovwv, well, I am pleased to hear. See N. on 
aAAa, 1. § 20. For the construction of atcovwv, cf. S. 225. 7 ; H. § 800. 4. 
f X2s 5', but in order that. olv fxdbvs, you may perhaps learn. 

IT. Iv (i, by means of which, iv with its case is here used instead of the 

simple dative of means. Cf. Mt. § 396. Obs. 2. b.vTnr<x<rx*w Se ovtiels kiv- 

dwos, and there woidd be no danger of suffering in turn. For the construc- 
tion of Ivtvk6.(tx^v, cf. S. § 222. 2; H. § 767. 

18. 'AAAa is here used in proposing an objection in an interrogative form, 
which the speaker himself answers. For the construction of x w piw — a-nopuv, 

cf. S. § 200. 3; of imnfieiuv— ivirfoear&cu, S. § 222. 6 ; H. § 767. ov 

TocravTa fihv iredia — diaTropevea^e, are you not passing through so many plains. 

-xopevria is constructed with vixlv. Cf. S. § 206. 4; H. § 805. & 

7),aiy e|e(TTt irpoKaTaXafiovcriv 'airopa. v/juv irapix^^t which by preoccupying we 
can make impassable to you. For irpoKara\al3ovcriv in the dat. with tj/iup, in- 
stead of the accus. with the omitted subject of irapixew, cf. N. on 1. § 2. 

Tafiievecr&at (from rafxias, a steward), to lay by for use, and hence, to use mod- 
erately, is applied to soldiers who do not expend their whole strength in the 
first attack, but so reserve it as to be able to fight repeatedly ; or, instead of 
attacking the enemy in a body, select no more than they can encounter with 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 307 

success. The latter is the sense here. By means of the rivers the Persians 
could divide the Greek forces, and by letting a part pass over before the at- 
tack was made, encounter just the number they pleased. Cf. Cyr. III. 3. 

§ 47; Thucyd. VI. 18. § 3. Elal 5' avrwv, sc. t&v iroTafxtov. Cf. X. on 

If.p. ,§ 7. TravTairacri, at all. 

19» s AAAa, yet. rol = you know. ye belongs to 7rvp, fire at 

least. ov r}fxe?s duvaifj.exf h,u KaraKavaavres \L t ubu vfuv avrna^ai, by 

burning which ice could array famine against you. v&vv aya&oi, ever so 

brave. 

20» av ovv — tovtov av. For the repetition of civ, cf. X. on I. 3. § 6. 

irSpovs, icays, means. t u7]deva conforms to e%oj/res, on the supposition that 

ice have. S. § 229. 3; H. § 789. e ; K. § 176. 1. c. tovtov av top t P 6- 

irov, that very mode. irpbs &ewv. Cf. N. on I. 6. § 6. 

21. airopcav eVr/, it is the part of those vjithout resources. For the con- 
struction, cf. S. § 190; H. § 572. c; K. § 158. 3. (a). teal tovtwv irovq- 

poov, and of those too (who are) without principle. Cf. X. on teal tclvtcl, I. 4. 
§ 12. In this sentence there are two modes of construction combined, &tto- 
pcav io-Tl — to i&eAeiv, which is the natural order, being changed to airopcav 

io-Tl—otTives i&e\ov<Ti. Cf. Mt. § 632. 6. ogives = art. H. § 822, d/r:- 

dTias y perfidy. aAoyiCTOi, void of reason, inconsiderate. 

22. 'AAAcc ri 8fy vpas i^bv airoXeaai, but why, indeed, when it was in our 
power to destroy you. For <?fdV, cf. S. § 226. b; K. § 176. 3 ; H. § 792. a; 

C. §868. eirl tovto ij?^ofiev, " hoc conati sumus." Kriig. tovtov 

(i. e. tov pi] iirl tovto i?&e?v) depends upon atnos, with which tov .... yeve- 
v&ai is in apposition, being a varied expression of ovk iirl tovto ¥iKboixev. 
Crosby (Gram. § 851) makes to (put for tov) to?s "fLW-qo-iv ifie irio-Tbv yevi- 
crbai depend on epcas, and translates, "my desire of securing the confidence of 
the Greeks ivas the cause of this. Dind. and Born., after the Eton MS., read 
to — yeveo-frcu. Although this is admissible (cf. Mt. § 543. Obs. 3), yet the 
common reading is to be preferred. See Mt. § 542, Obs. 1. b. £; S. § 221. 2. 

3 has tovto) in the next clause for its antecedent. S. § 173. |ewK<£ 

is placed after the relative by attraction. S. § 175. R, 1. fxio-frodoo-tas is 

opposed to evepyeaias. 

23. "Oca, in how many ways, limits the meaning of xpiWw 01 - S. § 182; 

H. § 549; K. § 159. 3. (7). See also H. § 548. to 5e ixiyivTov. This 

refers to the idea hinted at in the next clause, which, if carried into execution, 
would place the Greeks on the same footing with Tissaphernes, as that on 

which they had stood with Cyrus. Tidpav — bpd-fjv, an upright tiara, those 

of the king's subjects being soft and flexible, and therefore falling on one side. 
Concerning this royal prerogative, cf. Cyr. YJJUL. 3. § 13 ; Joseph. Antiq. Jud. 

XX. 3 ; Dion. Chrysost. XIV. t$v 5° ctI t?J Kapdia. — ex oL - Repeat op^r,v, 

and render may have (= wear) an upright one upon (i. e. in) his heart. Tissa- 
phernes intimated to Clearchus, that he intended to revolt from the king, and 



308 NOTES. [Book II. 

should therefore need the assistance of the Greeks. This was done the more 
effectually to conceal his treacherous designs. 

24. eLTrev — €(£77, sc. 6 KAeapxos. Kriiger remarks that when e77re is not 
accompanied by rdde or &5e, icp-r) is added pleonastically. o'irives repre- 
sents ckgivoi (S. § 172. 4; H. § 810) the omitted subject of el<rl. els 

<pi\iau = to promote friendship. SmjSaAAoj/Tes, by slandering. Clearchus 

suspected Menon to have been the author of the misunderstanding, yet he 
uses the plural, as a softer way of giving utterance to his suspicions. 

25. ol arpart\yo\ — ol Xox^yoi are in apposition with v/j.e7s the omitted sub- 
ject of fiovhicr&e. iv rep ijxepaj/e? = cpavepus. u pal am, i. e. sine iiisidiis." 

Sturz. 

27. 'E/c rovrwu di] rwv \6y<av, when the conference was ended, lit. after 
these words. The reason that Tissaphernes did no violence to Clearchus at 
this time, was his hope to decoy more of the generals and cohort leaders into 

the snare he so artfully had laid, than were then present. irdi/v <f)i\ucws 

olofxevos diaKeio-frcu r$ Ticrcrcxpepi/ei, that he thought his relations to Tissa- 
phernes were very friendly = that Tissaphernes was very ivell disposed towards 

him. diaK€?(T&ai is here used subjectively. eAeyev. Cf. 1ST. on ^<rcu>, I. 1. 

§ 6. ol . . . . SiafidAAovres, who should be convicted of calumniating him, 

i.e. Tissaphernes. roov 'EAA^yew depends on 61. S. §§ 188. 1; 559; K. 
§ 158. 3. R. 1. qqs .... ovras, as being themselves traitors arid evil dis- 
posed to the Greeks. avrovs is put for rovrovs (Mt. § 469. 8), and is the 

antecedent of 61. 

28. elvai rbv diafid?^Aoj/ra MeVcyya, that Menon was the calumniator. Cte- 
sias apud Phot. Biblioth. p. 130, says: KAtapxos — kclL Mej/oov ael tiid<popoi 
a\A'f}\ois irvyxoivov • diori to? {jlIv KAedpxy OLiravra 6 Kvpos cvvefiovAeve rod 

de Mej/owos \6yos ovdels r\v. o-rao~id£oi/ra avrw, was creating a party 

against him (i. e. Clearchus). <pi\os rj Tio-o-cxpepvei, i. e. might commend 

himself to the friendly consideration of Tissaphernes, which he could the more 
easily do if he had the whole army under his command. 

2D. Trpbs eavrbv %x* lv T V y^i^Wi should be inclined to him, should follow 
him as leader, lit. shoidd have their attention directed to him. Cf. Thucyd. 
III. 25. § 2. On the use of the article in r)]v yv&[x.y\v, cf. N. on irpoaix ovTl 

rbv vovv, I. 5. § 9. avreAeyov — jx)) livai irdvras, spoke in opposition — that 

all should not go. Cf. S. § 230. 3; H. § 837; K. § 177. 7. 

30. lo-xvp&s narireivev, exerted himself strenuously. The infatuation of 
Clearchus can only be accounted for in his excessive desire to expose the base 
intrigues of Menon, which rendered him blind to all prudential considerations. 

ecrre, until. &s els ayopdv, as though going to market. They were 

consequently unarmed. 

82. airb rov avrov crifxeiov, at the same signal. Diodorus says, that a 
purple flag was run up from the tent of Tissaphernes. airo, from, refers 
to the issuing forth of a command by means of the signal. Cf. airo 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 309 

\7rapaYye\(T€0)s ) IV. 1. §5. (privi — irdvras. Cf. S. § 172. 3 ; H. 

§ 514. d. 

33. lTTTza<riav, riding about. A verbal noun from l7nrd(o/nat. S. § 139; 

! H. § 460. a. o ti iiroiGvv ^[xfyiyvoovv, they were in doubt as to ichat (the 

Persians) were doing. T?piv, until. 

31. 'E/c rovrov 5?/, immediately. vopi^ovres avriKa. rfeiv avrovs hr\ rb 

crparoir&ov, thinking that they (i.e. the Persians) would forthwith come to 
(i. e. attack) the camp. So any one would have supposed. For if the Greeks, 
in the first moments of their surprise and consternation, had been attacked by 
the Persian cavalry, they most likely would have all shared the fate of their 
unfortunate generals. But their foes contented themselves with cutting off a 
few stragglers, and then reacted the vain farce (cf. 1. §§ 7-23) of demanding 
the arms of those whom they had not the courage to attack, even when de- 
prived of their principal leaders. But as Rennell truly observes, "villany 
seldom sees its way clear enough to accomplish its utmost designs." 

36. e? ns. Cf. N. on I. 4. § 9. efy. Cf. S. § 215. X. 6 ; H. § 734 ; 

K. § 188. For the construction of crparrrybs and \oxayos, see S. § 175. 

2 ; H. § 809. wa airayyeiXaxn. Cf. X. on I. 9. § 27. 

37. 3 Opxo,u.€ULos^ an Orchomenian. Orchomenus was a name common to 
several cities in Greece. The one to which Cleanor belonged was in Arcadia. 

ra Trepl ITpo|eVoy, the things about (i. e. concerning) Proxenus = the fate 

of Proxenus. Xeipicrocpos 5' k. t. \. The absence of Chirisophus is given 

as a reason why he was not of the number who went out to meet the Persian 
deputies. 

38. els iir^Koou^ within hearing distance. The preposition imparts to 

i<TTf]crav the idea of previous motion. See X. on I. 1. § 3. tca\ re&vrjKe is 

epexegetical of r)]v Blktjv, and may be rendered, namely, death. airaiTei. 

This verb signifies to demand from any one what is one's own or is justly due to 
him. Cf. Y. 8. § 4. For its construction with vfxas and o7rAa, cf. S. § 184. 1 ; 

H. § 553 ; K. § 160. 4. a. Kvpov .... SovAov, they belonged to Cyrus his 

slave. 

39. ol aAAoi, sc. vf.ie?s. ovk alcrxvj'ec'&e .... av&p&Trovs. See N. on 

3. § 22. 'Qfxiv robs avrovs <pl\ovs koL ix&povs vofiisiv, to consider the same 

persons friends and enemies which we do. For the construction of ytJuv, cf. 
Butt. § 133. X. 14; S. § 202. 1 ; H. § 603. 2; K. § 161. 2. (b). vo^im. Cf. 

X. on koSisiv, 1. § 4. ws in this place has furnished much trouble to 

critics and commentators. Some conjecture that it should be omitted, others, 
that it stands for opus, and others, that it should be written &s. But the MS. 
testimony is too unanimous to admit of its erasure ; and ojjlws, which Dind. 
calls " frigidam Stephani conjecturam," is equally as troublesome to dispose of; 
while &s is never found except in the formulas, k<x\ ws, ovb" ws, etc. (cf. Mt. 
§ 628 end). But the difficulty disappears, if we suppose that the speaker, in 
the vehemence of his feelings having overlooked his previous use of o'lrives = 



' 



310 NOTES. [Book II. 

on (cf. Mt. § 480. c; Butt. § 143. 11; H. § 813), repeated &s = bri (cf. Mt. 
§ 628. 5 ; Butt. § 149 ; H. § 733. That the construction is somewhat dis- 
turbed appears from irpodSvres — 7rpo5e§a?KOT€S. ovk al<rxvve<r&e — o'irives 6jjl6- 
cavTes — ws airoKcaXeKare, may then be rendered, are you not ashamed — that 

when you had sworn — that you (I say) have destroyed. /cat robs ciAAous— 

€0* 7]fxas. Kriig. conjectures that the order is, Kal iirl robs ^AAous r^as (cf. 
Mt. § 595. 3) aby ro?s iro\€jjLlois epx^c^e, thus omitting the participle irpodztioo- 
jcStcs. But if it be borne in mind, that the natural expression of high mental 
excitement is a multiplied and disordered use of epithets, we shall cease to 
wonder at the confused structure of the sentence, or the needless repetition of 
any of its words. 

40. KXeapxos ydp. The ellipsis implied by yap (cf. K on I. 1. § 6) may 
thus be supplied : (we have done no wrong) for Clearchus, &c, 

41. Kxiapxos fxkv roivvv k. r. A. Xenophon in his reply does not intimate 
that Clearchus was guilty, but on the assumption that he was so, acknowledges 
the justice of his punishment. He employed the argumentum ad hominem, 
i. e. he granted that Clearchus, if guilty, had suffered justly, but argued that 
Proxenus and Menon being, as Ariseus and his party said, in high honor, 
should be restored to their troops. This was a brief but unanswerable argu- 
ment, and clearly exposed the duplicity of the Persians. 



CHAPTER VI. 

1. &s fiaffiXia. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 4. airoTfiTj^eures ras Ke<ba\ds, hav- 
ing been beheaded. Cf. S. § 182; H. § 549; K. § 159. 3. (7). Prof. Wool- 
sey remarks (N. on iEsehyl. Prometh. 362), that "all such cases may be 
resolved into e%w with the participle of the verb used, and the accusative." 

ets iiiv. For efs in apposition with CTparyyoi, cf. N. on 4. § 1. iikv 

corresponds with 5e in Ylpo&vos 5e, § 16. ofMoXoyovfjiivcos e/c ttclvtow t&v 

ifxireipcas avrov ixoyrcav, "by the admission of all who knew him." Felton. 

iinreipus — ixoyrwu, being familiarly acquainted. Cf. N. on I. 1. § 5.- 

icrx^rcas, to the last degree. 

2. Kcu yap 8^, for now. yap illustrantis. Cf. N. on I. 6. § 6. tecs, 

as long as, refers here to an event which is certain, and therefore takes the 

indicative. Cf. Butt. § 146. 3; Mt. § 522. 1. Tr6\6fjLos, i. e. the Pelopon- 

nesian war. irapiixsivzv, remained in the service of the state. Opposed to 

this is ovKSTi ird&erat, § 3 infra. robs "EXA^a* who inhabited the Thra- 

cian Chersonesus. Cf. I. 3. § 4. diafrpa^d/jievos ws idvparo irapa t&v 5 E<£j- 

pow, having obtained from the Ephori (as large supplies) as he was able. &s 
iSwaro, sc. b*iairpdl;ao'&ai. The "E<popoi from time to time had assumed much 
greater powers than were originally given them by Lycurgus. They had all 



Chap. VI.] NOTES. 311 

the outward symbols of supreme authority, were the arbiters of peace and war, 
had the control of the public money, and could even fine or imprison their 

kings. d's Tro\€U7](r&v. Cf. X. on I. 1. § 3. ro7s — Qpa^iu, sc. oIkov- 

aiv. nepiV&ou, Perinthus, a Thracian city on the Propontis. 

3* ixeTayvovres ttus, having soinehow (i. e. for some reasons) changed their 

mind. tfSw e|co tyros avrov, when he had now departed. 'Icr^uoO, i. e. 

the isthmus of Corinth. 4x er0 TA.eW, he sailed away. Cf. S. § 225. 8; 

K. § 175. 3. (e); H. §796. 

4* i&avaTcv&T], he was condemned to death. rsX&v, magistrates = 

Ephori. ottolois .... yeynairrai. A difficult clause, since, by referring to 

I. 1. § 9, we find only Kvpos riydcr&ri avrou. Kriig. thinks that Xenophon, 
memorial vitio, thought he narrated more in I. 1. § 9, than he really did. It 
is evident that nothing can be said of the passage which is not mere conjec- 
ture. €7T6i(T€ Kvpou to give him 10,000 darics. 

5* anb rovrov, sc. rod -^povov. e(pepe kcl\ 'Jyey, agebat et ferebat, he 

ravaged, plundered. iroXe/xccy oisyivero, he continued to wage war. S. 

§ 225. 8; H. § 798. 2; K. § 175. 3. (c). ^XP LS Qv=zji4j(pi rovrov rod 

Xpovov ore, until the time when, until that. Cf. ML § 4S0. b. 

6. e|oV Cf. X. on 5. § 22. paSvjj.e'iv (from pd§ios, easy, and &vjjl6s, 

temper), to be easy-tempered, free from care. In this place as opposed to tto- 

vziv, it signifies to be at ease, to be without labor. fiovXerai prefers, a 

sense which Butt. (Lexil. No. 35) says this verb seldom has in prose, but which 

is here discoverable by its antithesis with ££bv pa&v}j.e?v. dare iroXeixe'iv, 

in order that he might carry on war. Cf. S. § 223. 1 ; H. § 770; K. § 186. 

1. (a). {leiova. ravra iroieiv, to diminish it, i.e. his wealth. 7rcu5i/ca. 

See X. on § 28 infra. ovrw (S. §17. 1), thus = to such a degree. 

7. ravrv, in this respect. re corresponds with koX in koX iv ro7s deiuo?s. 

Cf. S. § 236. X. 3; H. § 855. a. ev ro?s deu/oTs, in the da?igers (of war) 

= in battles. o! irapovres, i. e. those who had personal knowledge of his 

courage and conduct in the hour of danger. 

8. apxiKos, qualified to govern. as Zvva.r6v, as far as was possible. 

4k rov rotovrov rpoTrov olov kcI ifce7vos eT^ey, from such a disposition as 

he also had. rpoirov answers here to what we call turn of mind. &s ris 

pad aXXos. See X. on I. 3. § 15. ottos Qti. Cf. X. on I. 3. § 11. 

ifiiroi^a'ai, to impress upon. Treiareov etn] KXedpxy = ds? ttifrco'&ai KXe~ 

dpxv. Cf. S. § 178. 2; H. § 804. b; K. § 168. 1. 2. 

9» €K rod x a ^ €7ros € ^at, by being austere, sk here denotes the means. 
Cf. Mt § 574. For the construction of xaAeTro's, cf. S. § 224 ; H. § 775. 2; of 

thai, S. § 222. 2 ; H. § 781. bpav ervyvos, harsh to look upon, S. § 222. 

6; H. § 767 ; C. § 849. c. asrr$ fxeraixeXeiv. Cf. X. on I. 6. § 7 (end). 

eo~& ore for eanv ore, sometimes ; lit. there is when. kcli, also. 

yvoojjLT), purposely, designedly, is opposed to bpyf,. Both these datives are 
adverbially. aKoXacrov .... chat, he thought an unchastised army 



312 NOTES. [Book n. 

was of no use ; lit. there was no use (i. e. service) from an unchastised army. 
C. § 563. y. 

10. /ueA\o£, sc. zKetvos referring to rbv CTpaTic&Tnv. For the construe- 

tion of QvXaicas (pvKa&iv, cf. S. § 181. 2 ; H. § 547. a; C. § 630; K. § 159. 

2. (pt\(t3i/ a<pc£ecrdai, to abstain from (bringing injury upon) friends. 

a-rrpocpaffio'TGos, promptly. The most important qualifications of a soldier are 
here enumerated, viz., fidelity in keeping guard, abstinence from injuring 
friends or allies, and readiness to attack the enemy. 

11. TJ&eXov avrov cucoveiv (= Trei&apxsw) (rtpSdpetj they willingly paid him 
prompt obedience. For the construction of ij&eKov, cf. Butt. § 150. p. 444. 

&AA.OZ/, sc. crrpaT7]yop. (paiBpov, pleasantness. iu rots irpoffdoirois, upon 

his countenance. A rare use of this plural de vultu unius. ippcafxivov, 

perf. pass. part, of p&vvv\j.i. S. § 133. P. 

12. e|w rov feivad, out of danger. Cf. S. § 195. 1 ; H. § 589; C. § 540. 

irpbs aWovs, sc. crpar^yovs. apxofievovs, to be commanded (S. § 225. 

N. 5), referring to crparidoras the omitted subject of airievai. rb yap iiri- 

X a P L °vk &X ej/ 9 f or h e h a d no suavity of manners, iirixapi is opposed to %aAe- 

irbs and aj^bs in the next member. BieKeivro irpbs avrSu, were disposed, 

had the same feelings towards him. 

13. Kal yap ovv. See N. on I. 9. § 8. rerayixivoi^ sc. irapuvai avrw. 

vTrb rod Se?cr&ai (from their being in want) is to be constructed with Karex^' 
fievoi. The meaning of the passage is, that no soldiers followed him, except 
such as were commanded to do so by their state, or compelled by their own 
wants and necessities, and these were to the highest degree obedient. 

14. r6 re yap irpbs tovs iro\ejj.iovs &appa\4cos *X* IV v a>pw '•> literally, for 
both to feel bold against the enemy was with them = they were not afraid of 
the enemy. The clause to . . . . %x* lv * s * ne subject ofiraprju. Cf. S. § 153. a; H. 

§ 494. a. For the construction of SappaAtoos ix* lv i c ^- N- on t *• § 5- 

(pofieToftai ; lit. to frighten one^s self i. e. to fear, in which new sense it may 
be regarded as transitive. Cf. Butt. § 135. 4; H. § 544. a; S. § 181. N. 2. 

15. ov ixa\a Z&zAsiv = to have been greatly averse. Cf. X. on ovdev ^%3-e- 
ro, I. 1. § 8. 

16. ev&vs /xhu fxtipaKiov &v, as soon as he was a youth = while yet in ex- 
treme youth. For the construction, cf. S. § 225. 2. Topyla, Gorgias of 

Leontini in Sicily. apyvpiov, i. e. tuition money. Diod. says that Gorgias 

received from each pupil 100 minw, which, according to the value given the 
Attic drachma by Hussey (cf. N. on I. 4. § 13), would be $1805.50. It was 
probably during his residence in Thessaly that Gorgias taught Proxenus. 

IT. crvi/eyevero e/ceiVw, he had been with him = had been his pupil. « 

iKavos. Cf. S. § 224 ; H. § 775. 2. 'dpx^v and rjTTacr&ai depend upon 

iKavos. rots irp&Tois, the first or chief men. fi^j 7}Tracr&ai evepyer&v, 

not to be surpassed in doing good, i. e. to be able to repay all obligations under 
which he might lie to his friends, evepycrwv, a participle from evepyerew. 



Chap. VL] NOTES. 313 

18. Tocrovroju 5* iKi^vfxaJv, but while greatly (eVi-) desiring such things. 

(X(p6opa ZvhriXov av iced tovto e?xe^, on the other hand, he very plainly 

showed this. tovtqjv refers to iTri&vfjL&i/. See N. on afid^as — tclvtcls, I. 10. 

§ 18. /uera adiKtas = aSifcws. In like manner arvv ra diKaicp kclI KaXtp = 

ducaias nal kclX&s. ro vrcov Tvyx&vzw- See S. § 191. 2; H. § 574. c; C. 

§ 549 ; K. § 158. 3. (b). &vev Se tovtcw, i. e. contrary to the principles of 

justice and honor. /j.7] is highly emphatic from its position at the close of 

the sentence. 

19» alSa>, respQct. kavrov limits alow and <p6f3ov, and is used objec- 
tively. S. § 187. N. 1 ; H. § 565; C. § 575. ycrxwzTO /xa^Aou tovs 

(TTpaTiwras, he stood in greater awe of his soldiers. 

20. "titero .... SokgIj/; lit. he thought it sufficient for the being or seeming 
to be qualified to command, i. e. for the real exercise or outward show of com- 
mand. iiraivelv is the subject of apKetv. Kaya^ol t&v crvvovrw. Cf. 

S. § 188. 1 ; H. § 559; K. § 158. R. 1. cv^Tax^picrTk), easily circum- 
vented; lit. easily handled, easy to be managed. Cf. Thucyd. VI. 85. § 3. 

3\v ircoy o>s rpiaKoyra, he was about thirty years old. S. § 190; H. § 572. h; 
K. § 158. 3. (a). 

21. 8?]\os fy e-jri&vfA&v. See N. on I. 2. § 11. Kafx^dvoi — xepZaivoi. 

The verb Kanfidveiv signifies to take as by force, to receive as wages ; KepSai- 
voi, to receive as presents. The pres. optat. here refers to a succession of 
cases and to a whole course of conduct, while the aorist would have referred 
to single acts of receiving, getting gain, and suffering punishment. Cf. Good- 
win, § 13. (a). fify didoiT) diKTjv, he might escape punishment. 

22. 'EttI .... aero, he thought that the shortest way to accomplish what 
he designed. For the construction of wv (i. e. ravra &v), cf. S. § 193 ; H. 

§ 576; K. § 158. 6. I. (a); C. § 558. e. a\r\^ls = sincerity. rb avrb 

r$ yX&icp, the same thing with folly. S. § 202, 1 ; H. § 603. 2; C. § 587. 

23. orcx) — tovto). Cf. S. § 173. tovto) depends on imfiovXevav. S. 

§ 201 ; H. § 605; K. § 161. 2. a, y. tuv .... iravTwv depends upon 

KaTctyeXwv (cf. S. § 193 ; H. § 583 ; R. § 158. 6. I), which here signifies 
laughing at, i. e. turning into ridicule. 

24. to. ... . Ka/uLfidi/eLi; he thought himself the only one who knew that it 
was most easy to take the unguarded possessions of friends. pS.GTov superlative 

of pdtiios. S. § 65; H. § 223. 7; K. § 52. 10. For the construction of 

eld^ai—6v, cf. N. on I. 10. § 16. 

25. ocrovs = irdvTas ocovs, of which, irdvTas depends upon i<pofSe?To. 

&s eu wirXicrfidvovs, as (thinking them) well armed, is opposed to avdvdpois, 
unmanly, defenceless. xP'0 ff & ai i t° use = t° practise on. 

28. ayaWeTcu, prides himself on, exults in, followed by the dat, either 

with or without the preposition. t$ i^airaTav SiWcrd-ar, in his ability to 

deceive. Cf. S. § 206 ; H. § 609 ; K. § 161. 4. tuv aTrcudevTW—ehai, to 

be the part of the uneducated. S. § 190; H. § 572. e; K. § 158. 3. a. 

14 



314 NOTES. [Book II. 

Kal irap 9 oTs fikv e7rexei/>et irpwreveiv <pi\iq, &aj3aAAew robs Trpdrovs, rovrovs 
(Zero 5c?y KT^craff^ai, and when he desired to become the first friend (i. e. to 
occupy the foremost place in the friendship) of any persons, he thought that 
(in order to effect this) it was necessary to gain their friendship by calumni- 
ating their friends (i. e. his rivals), irap* oTs, in whose estimation. <pi\(a, in 
respect to friendship. irp6rovs 9 former, with reference to Menon. tovtovs 
refers to the persons whose friendship Menon wished to cultivate, and is the 
antecedent of oh in the first member. 

27. Tb . . . . 7rapex€<r&cu depends on i^xavaro. S. §*L79; H. § 493. d; 

K. § 145. 3. 4k tov crvvaZiKeiv avro?s, " by becoming an accomplice in 

their crimes." Spel. y£iov, he wished. on TrXCiara dvvairo Kal efre- 

\oi av aSiKeiv, that he was very able and willing to be a villain. svepyedav 

Se Kar€\eyep — on , he charged it upon himself as an undue act of benevolence, 
that, &c. ; lit. he spoke against his benevolence, that, &c. 

28. Kal ra ixkv 5?? a<pavri efecm Trepl avrov \pevdeo~frai, now one may lie con- 
cerning him with respect to things unseen, i. e. there is room for falsehood in 
detailing those points in Menon's character more removed from public obser- 
vation. For the construction of ra acpavrj, cf. S. § 167. *Apiaicp 5e j8ap- 

fidpcp ovn k. r. A. Reference is here had to the foul and unnatural crime of 
paederasty. Cf. Rom. 1 : 27. ayheios wu yeveiwyra. This shows the ex- 
treme youth of the parties, the one being yet without a beard, and the other 
just having one. The position of these words is strongly emphatic. 

29. on, because. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 21. alKi(r&eis. Some think that 

Menon was mutilated by the command of the king (cf. I. 9. § 13), and after a 
year of ignominy and suffering came to his end. Others suppose, that refer- 
ence is had in ahc&r&els to the disgrace in which he lived in consequence of 
his vile deeds. 

30. Kal rovzw, these also. Cf. N. on I. 10. § 18. is <pi\(aj/ 9 i. e. with 

respect to their treatment of friends. 



Chap. L] NOTES. 315 



BOOK III. 
CHAPTEE I. 

!• "Oca .... {J.dx7]s is the subject of the first book, and ocra. . . . cnrovticus, 

of the second. \6y<*> is to be taken of the whole preceding narrative. iv 

rous (Tiroi/Sals, during the time of the league, i. e. while the league was un- 
broken. These words are to be taken with iyei/cro. 

2» aTTopia, embarrassment, perplexity. M ra7s $a<ri\4o)s Srvpais. Cf. 

N. on II. 4. § 4. KvKAcp o s avro7s ttclvtt), about them on all sides. 

ovoels en, no one any longer. For the construction of c EAAaSos, cf. N. on I. 

10. § 4. irKeov. I have followed the common reading, instead of oh pLtiov, 

adopted by Dind., Born., Pop., and several others. Kriig. well remarks, u ov 
(jl€?ov non satis aptum videtur cum Grsecise (i. e. loniae) distantia longe major 

quam hie dicitur fuerit." Cf. II. 2. § 6. die7pyov, " reditu arcebantP 

Sturz. ol . . . . fidp&apoi, i. e. Ariaeus and his party. fx6voi Se KaraXe- 

XeifjLfjL<zvoL -7/craj/ = that they had been utterly deserted by their allies. ev$7]- 

Xoy, very evident, ed is intensive like the Eng. icell, in words with which it is 

compounded. vlk&vtcs, if they should be victorious. ^T^eWajv, in 

case they should be worsted. XeKp&eir], i. e. left alive. 

3* a&vfjLws €xovt€s, cf. N, on I. 1. § 5. bxiyoi, few = scarcely any. 

els t)]v karirzpavy in (lit. up to) the evening of that day. For the con- 
struction of crirov, cf. S. § 192 ; H. § 576 ; K. § 158. 5. a. M 5e ra oirXa 

= to their quarters. irvyxavev (sc. &v), happened to be. irarpi^wv 

yoviwv k. r. X. The grouping of these objects of desire is rendered more close 
and emphatic by the asyndeton. The despondency into which the army sank, 
after the treacherous seizure of the generals, is here given with great pathos 
and force. 

4. ov avrbs Z(p7) Kpeirra) kavroi vo/itCeiy rrjs irarpldos, whom he (Proxenus) 
said he considered of more use to himself than his country, i. e. Proxenus ex- 
pected greater advantages from Cyrus than from his country. 

5* vTroTrrevcas fxr} ri irpbs rrjs tvoXgus ol virairtoy s'lt) Kvpcp cplXov ysvtG&ai, 
fearing lest perhaps he should be blamed by his city (i. e. Athens), on account 
of his having become a friend to Cyrus ; lit. lest his having become a friend to 
Cyrus might be a cause of blame, &c. r\, in something or other. Butt. § 150. 
p. 439. For the construction of ol virairtoy eft?, cf. S. § 206. 4 ; H. § 600 



316 NOTES. [Book IIL 

(end); C. §598; K. §161. 2. (d). Dind. reads iirairiov. Kvpos 

<Tvfxiro\€iJ.7](rai. The Peloponnesian war is here referred to. iA&Svra. 

See N. on AaPSvTa, I. 2. § 1. r$ d-cw, i. e. Apollo. 

6. tlvl av &ecD*/, to which of the gods, A different inquiry from the one 

which Socrates directed him to make. KaT^kurra. kclL &pi<TTa. See N. on 

II. 1. § 9. eA&oi tV ocou, he might perform the journey. Cf. S. § 182. 

2; H. § 552; K. § 159. 3. (6). &(-o7s oTs, by inverse attraction for freovs 

oTs. Cf. N. on &\\ov ovriyos, I. 4. § 5. 

7. fiavrelav, response of the oracle. nplvas, having determined. 

Iriov = Tropevreov. For the construction, cf. N". on I. 3. § 11. tovto re- 
fers to the clause beginning with oircas &v. H. § 679. a; C. § 736. (a). — — 
ijpov. 2 aor. mid. of epofiai, H. § 424. 9. 

8. KaTaXajufidvei, finds, meets with. fiiXKovras tfdrj opiiav rfyv &v(a odSv, 

being ready to march into the interior. For the construction of fxiWovras — 
6p t uay, cf. S. § 89. 2; H. § 711 ; K. § 125. 16. Hutch, supplies eis or M be- 
fore odov, but it is better to refer it to S. § 181." 2; H. § 552; K. § 159. 3. 
(6) as the cognate accus. avvecrrd^n, was introduced. 

9. Upo^vfiov^vov .... avrou, and Proxenus soliciting (him), Cyrus also 
united in soliciting him to remain = Cyrus joined with Proxenus in soliciting 

him to remain. iireidav rdx^ra 7] (rrpareia A.^|??, as soon as the expedition 

was ended. ds Tlcuridas. Cf. I. 1. §11. 

10. ovtoos ££a7raTYi&eis, having been thus deceived in respect to the object 

of the expedition. fjBei, sc. 6 npofeVos. cacph == €vBn\oi/. ol tto\- 

Xoi, the greater part. Cf. Mt. § 266. &' aX<ry{)vt\v kol\ a\\ r q\<av teal Kvpov, 

through fear of being objects of shame both to one another and to Cyrus. 
ai<Txvvw is here used subjectively, in the sense of feeling of shame, dread of 
disgrace. When taken objectively, it signifies the cause of shame to. Had any 
of the generals deserted the expedition, they would have been stigmatized as 
cowards and traitors by their fellow commanders (cf. I. 4. § 7), and as men in- 
capable of gratitude by Cyrus (cf. II. 3. § 22). 

11. 'E7re! 5\ The narrative is here resumed from § 3. fjuKphv Se virvov 

Kax^y (== rvxuy), having obtained a little sleep ; lit. a small (portion) of sleep. 

S. § 191. 2; C. § 549; H. § 574. c; K. § 158. 3. (b). (TK-yKTos— iracray. 

The construction unchanged would have been crKwirrbs — iracra. e/c in iie 

tovtov denotes the cause. So Kriiger. iracray, sc. t\\v olitiav. 

12. II ep l(j>ofios, exceedingly terrified, irepl in composition is often inten- 
sive. krrjyep&r) = iurfryper*, Cf. Butt. § 136. 2 ; S. § 208. N. 2 ; H. 

§ 432. 5 ; C. § 389. ?n} fxlv — 7n} 5e, in one respect — but in another. 

ht Aios, (coming) from Zeus. ideiv eSofe, he seemed to see in his dream. 

@acri\€ci)s, u regum tutoris et regiaa gentis apud Persas auctoris." Poppo. 

(j.7) ov Bvyairo, lest he should not be able. Cf. N. on I. 7. § 7. 

13. ( Owo?6u tl fJLej/roi icrrl to toiovtov vvap loelv, what kind of thing, 
however, such a dream signifies, i. e. whether such a dream forbodes good or 



Chap. I.J XOTES. 317 

evil. The dream itself left Xenophon in doubt as to what it meant, but the 
events which followed furnished an interpretation. 'Oirolov rt is the predicate, 

and rb roiovrov vvap i$eiv y the subject of ecrri. %vvoia avrQ ipiriirreiy the 

thought occurs to him. irpo&aivei, advances = is passing away. et/cos, 

sc. icrri, it is probable. ri £jjlttoBu>v p}) oi>%l k. t. A., what will hinder our 

dying ignominiously ', after having witnessed all the most cruel sights, and suf- 
fered the most dreadful torments. efxiroMv, before the feet, in the way. fx)] 
tmxL S. § 230. N. 1. v(3pi£ofj.evovs, being insulted = amidst insults. 

14. ftcrirep e|oV, sc. rjfiiv, as though it were in our power. Cf. X. on II. 5. 

§ 22. 'Eyw ovv rbv Ik. iroias (S. § 164; H. § 825. a) 7roAe&>s G~rpar7}- 

ybv TrpoadoKca ravra irpateiv, from what city, then, am I expecting a general to 
do these things. "Xenophon metuisse se significat ne arrogans videretur, si 
cum Spartanus dux Chirisophus adesset, ipse Atheniensis exercitui prospicere 
studeret." Kriiger. Cf. VI. 1. § 26. ravra refers to the means of defence, 
alluded to in the beginning of the section. irpd^Lu. Cf. S. § 222. 5 ; H. 

§ 765. r,\iKlav. Cf. X. on I. 1. § 13. ov yap tywy eri irpeafivrepos e<xo- 

/j.ai = / shall forthwith be put to death. r^^pov, to-day. The civil day 

began with the Greeks at the setting of the sun. 

15« 'Ek rovrov, hereupon. ovre — ovre, neitlier — nor, connect the two 

infinitives. v/jl€?s. Supply Ka&evdeiv ovi/acr&e from the preceding clause. 

ovtf, not even, belongs to these omitted verbs. Iv oiois, sc. irpayixaaiv. 

Cf. II. 1. § 16; TIL 6. § 24. 

16. dr)\ov on (sometimes written or^oi/ori), it is clear that, evidently. H. 

§ 868. a; C. § 901. 4. ov rbv ttSXe/jlov i^ecpnyav, did not declare the war. 

tcaA&s ra. iavrajv TrapeGrKevdcr&ai, that they had well arranged their 

affairs. 

IT. et v<p7]0'6fjLeo'&a, if we shall be remiss. iirl £a<nAe?. Cf. X. on I. 1. 

§ 4. bs refers to /3acnAe?, and has the force of a conjunction, in that he. 

H. § 822. It serves to introduce the reason for the foregoing question. 

Kal r&v7]Koros IjBrj, even when he was already dead. thiols 5e k. r. A. 

Xenophon employs the argumentum a fortiori. He argues that if the king's 
revengeful spirit led him to dishonor the lifeless body of his own brother, much 
more vindictive would he be towards the Greeks, who had conspired with Cyrus 

to dethrone and kill him. ktjB^jjlwv, protector, intercessor. Allusion is here 

made to the powerful influence which Parysatis exerted in behalf of Cyrus. 

&s — TroLTjo-oin-es, in order to make. Cf. X. on I. 1. § 3. ZovXov. S. 

§ 185 ; H. § 556. avrbv the first accusative is omitted. ira&e7v has rjfjLas 

for its subject. So Poppo. But Kriig. regards the construction as a kind of 
anacoluthon, the writer commencing with rj/xas, as though he would have sub- 
joined ri av Troir\crai oloixe&a. Schneid. thinks -q^as should have been 7}fie?s. 
But there seems to be no difficulty in the usual method of explaining the con- 
struction. 

18. ^Ap* ovk av iirl irav eA&oi, icould he not resort to every measure ? liter- 



318 NOTES. [Book HI. 

ally, come to every thing. ws 7]fias ra ecrx^ra alKi<rdfjL€vosy in order that by 

having inflicted upon us the severest torture. <po$ov — rod crrpar^vcrai ttot€, 

fear of ever making war. Cf. S. § 222. 2; H. § 781; C. § 849. (b). 

'AAA* ott&s rot, but yet in order that. eV c/cetVw, in his power. See §1*7 

supra. 

19. ovttot€ iirav6jj.7]v — olicrelpcoi/, I never ceased pitying. avrwv has 

usually been construed with x^P aj/ y as though written avr&v x&P av QW P* v 
iced k. r. X. But Mt. (§ 317) says, " the genitive is used particularly with de- 
monstrative pronouns, which are explained in order to show in whom a certain 
quality is found." Before aurcDj/, then, we may supply ravra or raSe, refer- 
ring to x<£p<w, iTriT'ijdeia, drepdirovras, etc., in the following clauses. 

20. oirore iv&vfioipriv. See JS T . on I. 2. § 7 ; i-irzl dtdoicoi, N". on I. 5. § 2. 

ret. §' av rcav CTparicarwy is opposed to (rdde) avrcov in § 19. aya&cov here 

= e7rm?5eiW. So in the following section. For the construction of ot>5e- 

vbs— fiere'iy, cf. S. § 191. 2; H. § 571 ; C. § 542; K. § 158. 3. (b). brov 

— exoyras. The order is, ijdeiv bxiyovs en zxovtcls (cf. N. on I. 10. § 16) 
orov ojvTicroixeba {with which to buy ; lit. with which we shall buy), otov de- 
notes the price (S. § 200. 4; H. § 567 ; K. § 158. 7. 7; C. § 553), and re- 
fers to rl the suppressed object of exovras. wyrjacfie&a is put in the first per- 
son, because bxiyovs to which its subject refers, is included in the preceding 

7]fx?y. For its construction in the future, cf. S. § 217. N. 2 ; H. § 710. c. 

&AAws $e iroos, in any other way. v) covovp.£vovs, than by purchase. 

opKovs .... 7]fJLas is to be construed with rjfteiv. tovt* oiv Xoyi£6jj.evos is a 

repetition of ra . . . . iv&vfjLoi,u7iv, which is separated by intermediate clauses 
from the proposition iviore .... iroXeixov, upon which it depends. 

21. eXvcav — XeXva&cu. There is a play here on these words, the former 
being taken in the sense of to break, to violate ; the latter, to cease, to come to 

an end. s Ej/ jueVw, in the midst = open to any who may wish to contend 

for the prize. adAa, as prizes. This allusion to the games of their coun- 
try was eminently adapted to arouse the disheartened Greeks. The lands, 
houses, treasures, &c, of the faithless Persians, are represented as the prizes 
for which the army is now to contend ; while the gods, the avengers of viola- 
ted oaths, sit as the aycavo&erai, to regulate the contest and award the prizes. 

a&Xa is limited by rovrcav, the omitted antecedent of oirSrepoi. For 

the construction of w&v, cf. S. § 198. 1 ; H. § 585. h; C. § 522. R. V; K. 
§ 158. 7. j8. 

22. Ovtol refers to the Persians. avrovs, i. e. the gods. Cf. ST. on II. 

4. § 7. twv &e&v optcovs. See N. on II. 5. § 7. efeiiww. Cf. N. on I. 

5. § 2. Construct iroXv with [leifiojn. (ppov^fxari, confidence. 

23. *'Ert 5e, and furthermore. rovrcau is the possessive genitive, twv 

ccofidrcay being understood (H. § 585. h ; C. § 574). Render, we have bodies 
better able than theirs (fully, their bodies) to bear, &c. For the construction 
of the infinitive, cf. S. § 222. 6 ; H. § 767. cvp ro?s freoh, with the assist- 



Chap. I.] NOTES. 319 

j ance of the gods. aiAtivovas, sc. rovrcoy. ot Mpes, referring to the 

Persians, is here used in its common signification, men, homines. rpcoroi, 

vulnerable. S. § 142; H. §398. 1. 

24. The order is, aAAa — -rrpbs rcoy 3-e£y fx^j avaixevaiixzv ctAAovs" k. t. A.., the 
clause, faces yap koX aWoi ravra iydvpovyrai, containing the ground for the 
apprehension expressed in the main proposition. uAAovs, i. e. the officers of 

the other divisions of the arm3 T . irapaKaAovvras. On this form of the fut., 

cf. S. § 109. N. 1 ; H. § 374. 1. For the construction, see S. § 225. 5; II. 

§ 789. d; K. § 176. 1. (e). Zpfauey rod Qopwvai. Cf. S. §§ 222. 2; 

189; H. §§ 781; 544. b. (pdy-nre — dpiaroi, shoio yourselves the bravest. 

After (paii/ev&ai, the participle tsv (cf. X. on I. 9. § 19) is sometimes omitted, 
and only the adjective connected with it is given. See Mt. § 549. 05s. 3. 

25. ovohu TrpGcpaa'L^ojj.ai r^y rjXtKLay, I do not plead my age as an excuse. 

aKfid£eiy 7iyovjj.cn ipvKtiy, I think I am at the acme of age (i. e. the very 

best age) to repel, ipvxeiy, a poetic word. It is found in the aor. in Y. 8. 
§25. 

20. TiX-fiy, but. PoioiTid&v rrj (pcayy, " Bceotorum dialecto et vocis sono 

utens." Kriig. aWcas irccs — ij. See X. on § 20 supra. awrripias ay 

rvx^y, could obtain safety. -/) fiacriXea irdaas, than by persuading (S. 

§ 225. 3; II. § 789. b ; K. § 176. 1. d) the king, i.e. obtaining his consent. 
et dvyairo, sc. 7re?ccu. teal apa, and at the same time. 

27. [Aeraty, sc. Xsyoyra, while he was speaking. Cf. S. § 225. X. 1 ; H. 

§ 795. c; K. § 176. 1. a. **£L ^avfiaa-Ldorare av^pojire, Omost admirable man. 

A sarcastic address = wonderfully stupid person. 'Ei/ ravrw — tovtois 

(for iy TavT$—x<»ph rovrcoy. Cf. S. § 202. N. 1 ; H. § 603. 2 ; K. § 161. 2. 
b ; C. § 587), in the same place with these, i. e. present with the other captains. 

\xiya (ppoyjiaas, having become highly elated. £tt\ tovto> 9 i.e. the 

death of Cyrus. 

28o The argument in this and the next section is, that when the Greeks 
showed a bold and independent spirit, the king succumbed to them ; but as 
soon as they confided in his promises and became more unguarded, he treach- 
erously seized their commanders, and summoned the whole army to an uncon- 
ditional surrender. irapeo-K-ny^cra/ji^y avrcc. Cf. II. 2. § 18. ri ova iiroi- 

Tjere, what did he not do = what did he leave undone ? 

29* ds Koyovs avrols — fjX&oy. Cf. X. on II. 5. § 4. Kevrov^yoi ; lit- 
erally, pricked or goaded, as beasts of burden are excited to greater efforts by 
the application of the goad. Some think that a particular kind of Persian tor- 
ture is here designated. Cf. Herod. III. 16. ol rX^ov^s, miserable men ! 

is in apposition with iKelvoi. ttal fxd\\ although greatly. rovrov, i. e. 

death. For the construction, cf. S. § 193 ; H. § 576 ; C. § 558. e; K. § 158. 

6. I. a. apvyeaSrai, to defend ourselves. irei&eiy, sc. ficuriXia. — — iov- 

ras, by going to him, i. e. the king. See X. on § 26. 

30. Tifxiy avroTs (i. e. ro?s Xoxayoh) is opposed to ro?s (TKevScpopois implied 



320 NOTES. [Book III. 

in tncevrj ava&ivTas r= having made him a <TKsv6<popov. For the construction, 

cf. IS", on tovtois, § 27 supra. &s roiovrcp z= ws (TKtvocpSpq). Ouros 

here denotes contempt, like the Latin iste. toiovtos, i. e. such a dastard. 

" tarn ignavus est" Kriig. 

31* rovrcp .... ouSeV, nothing of Bosotia pertains to this fellow = he has 

no connection with Bceotia. iirei, since, inasmuch as. &<rirep AvSbv 

aix<p6repa ra 2>ra rerpvirrniivoVy having both his cars bored through like a Lyd- 
ian. It was the custom among the Oriental nations to bore the ears of slaves, 
as a badge or mark of their servile condition. Cf. Ex. 21:6; Ps. 40 : 6. 
Some think that Agasias means to charge him only with belonging to the ser- 
vile and imbecile race of the Lydians (cf. N„ on I. 5. § 6), and not with having 
been in a state of personal servitude. Others suppose that his ears were per- 
forated to receive ornaments, such as the Lydian and Phrygian youth wore, 
and thus he was detected by Agasias. 

32. Kal e7x«> — ovTQjs. It was found upon examination, that the charge of 

Agasias was true. o%x ol t°i was g on e =■ had been slain. " An established 

usage," says Butt. (Irreg. Yerbs. p. 185), "has existed in the common lan- 
guage from Homer's time, by which oj%o/xat never means / am going, but al- 
ways I am gone." This usage is continued in the imperf., which time olxoiro 
here takes from the context. Cf. S. § 211. K 5; H. § 698. 

33. ds .... ottXow. Cf. N. on II. 4. § 15. "Grascorum duces pro cas- 

tris sedent et de summa belli deliberant." Zeune. afupl rovs eKarSy. See 

N. on I. 2. § 9. fxecai vvktcs. See N; on I. 7. § 1. 

31. ra -xap6vra = the present posture of our affairs. abrols cruj/eA&eTv, 

to come together ourselves, avrdls is opposed to vfias. et ri dwalfie^a aya- 

&6v. Cf. N. on II. 1. § 8. Kal irpbs r^as, sc. eAe£as from the preceding 

clause. 

35. ravra ix4v. H. § 862. a (end). rjficay depends upon rovrovs un- 
derstood, the antecedent of o'vs in the preceding member. ^rj\ov on. See 

K. on § 16 supra. 5e ye olfiai. Porson conjectures S J iy&fiai, of which 

crasis Kriig. says, "vereor ut sit Xenophontea." 

36. fx4yi(TToy €%6T6 KaipSv. Hutch, renders " commodissimam habetis 
occasionem." But this interpretation does not accord so well with ol yap .... 
aTro&\4Trov<n which follows, as the one given by Leuncl. and adopted by Sturz., 
Born., Kriig., and Pop., " in vobis plurimum est situm" == you are the men to 
think and act in this exigency. Xenophon expresses the same idea in other 
places by iiriKaipioi = ol iKavcararot Kal typovelv Kal ffvfjLTrpdrreiv €t ri deoi. Cf. 

Cyr. Y. 5. § 43, 44 ; III. 3. § 12. irpbs v/ias airofrxiTrovtri for an example 

of cheerfulness and bravery. kclu by crasis for Kal idv. 

37. "laws is used here per modestiam for certainly, truly. SiaQepeiv ri 

tovtgov, to somewhat surpass these. For the construction of rovrcov, cf. S. 

§ 197. 2; H. § 581. yap in v,ue7s yap i<rre introduces the reason why the 

officers should excel the common soldiers. xP^ acri an( ^ tijuous are datives 



Chap. L] NOTES. 321 

of respect. H. § 609 ; S. § 206. 2. rovrcau depends upon irXeop in eVAe- 

oveKrene. Cf. S. §§ 191. 2; 198. 2 ; H. § 581. vZv roivvv, now then. 

i-irel 7r<$Ae,u<fc eariv. The opposition of this clause to ore eipr,vn t)v, is too 

obvious to be overlooked. a^iovv Se? vjjlcls avrobs afieivovs, it is Jit that 

you should consider yourselves better, kc. rod ir\7)&ovs f i. e. the common 

soldiers. 

38# avr\ rcov cbroAcoAoTcov, in the place of those who have perished. Cf. S. 

§§ 207. N. 2; 225. 1; H. §§ 712; 786. &s fxkv avveXovri elirelv, sc. Ao- 

>oj, to speak briefly. Cf. S. § 223. 2; H. 772; C. § 852. Note the force of 

cvveXovri, 2 aor. part, of cvi/aipecc, to draw togetJier, to contract. Kepeat 

with TravTairacriv the preceding ovZev .... yevoiro. The sentiment is, that in 
times of peril, it is pre-eminently true that nothing can be done to advantage 

without leaders. doKel does not here mark uncertainty, but rather what is 

so apparent as to admit of no doubt. ^n aTroXc&XeKev, has already de- 
stroyed. Cf. S. § 207. X. 2; H. § 712; K. § 152. 4. R. 1 ; C. § 367. 

30. s E7rei5aj/ de Karacrr^aea^e, but when you shall have appointed. 

ocovs 5t?, as many as are necessary to supply the places of those who are 

gone. %v .... 'iroirjG'ai. This sentence contains a protasis (j)p .... irapa- 

Sappvvnre), and an apodosis (ol/xai .... iroiTjcrai). For the moods, cf. S. 
§§ 215. 5; 215. 1; H. §§ 783. a; 747. 3. irdvv ev Kaip£, very timely. 

40. yap illustrates what is said in the preceding section of the necessity 

of encouraging the soldiers. ovrco ye exovrwv, while they are thus, i. e. in 

this state of dejection. The ri after deoi is synecdoehical. S. § 206. N. 2. 

41. yuufjias, thoughts. rovro refers to ri ireiaovrai. &AAa tcai, but 

also. The philosopher as well as the general is seen in this advice. 

42. yap B-fj-rrov, for surely. ?;.... ras viitas iroLovara, that which gives 

the victory. t) iroiovca = eKelvn 7) note? (cf. S. § 225. 1 ; H. § 786 ; K. § 148. 
6), of which eWz/77 is the predicate nominative of io~ri. The gender of 7), i. e. 
exeivn 7], is drawn from tV%us. With this noble sentiment, cf. Ps. 33 : 16 ; 

44: 3, 6. oirorepoi refers to rovrovs for its antecedent. S. § 173. 

^v X a?s. S. § 206. 2 ; H. § 609; K. § 161. 4. e'ppo^j/eVrepoi. S. § 63. 

5 ; H. § 221. d. &s iirl rb ttoXv, for the most part as a common 

thing. 

43. 'Epre&vfAn/jLai 5' eyccye teal rovro, but for my part I have observed this 

also. oTToaoi refers to ovrot in the next clause. So ottSo-oi — rovrovs below 

is put for rovrovs — dirScoi. This inversion of the antecedent and relative oc- 
curs so frequently as to require ordinarily no further notice. e/c iravrbs 

rp6irov, in every icay. " summo studio.'''' Sturz. irept 5e rod KaX&s airo- 

frvfoKtip, for an honorable death. Cf. S. § 222. 2; H. § 781 ; C. § 851. 

didyovrasy sc. rbv fiiov. The sentiment of this passage is, that those persons 
who desire to save their lives at the expense of their honor, oftentimes find a 
more speedy death than they who place their honor before life. 

44* avrovs re fodpas aya&obs eivai, both to be ourselves brave men. 

14* 



322 NOTES. [Book 



. 



robs &\\ovs irapaKaXeTp. Supply &i/dpas aya&ovs chat from the preceding 
clause. 

45* toctovtov fxovov re iyiyvcocKou otrov (=■ ocrov rovro, joti. C. § 75 7. R) 
tficovov 'A&vpcuoj/ elpcu, all I knew of you was from hearsay, that you was an 
Athenian; literally, / knew so much only of you as that I heard you was an 
Athenian. For the construction of ijKovov — elvai, cf. N. on I. 3. § 20. It 
seems from this that hitherto Xenophon had strictly maintained the character 
of one who went merely as the friend of Proxenus, and had taken little or 

no part in the public matters pertaining to the expedition. on (see N. 

on I. 1. § 6) ir\d(TTovs elvai tolovtovs. Chirisophus wishes that the prudence 
and activity of Xenophon may be found in all the leaders. 

46. fi^i fjLcTiXatiev, let us not delay. Cf. S. § 218. 2; H. § 720. a; C. 

§ 825; K. § 153. 1 (a). ^eAAw here and in the following section = $pa- 

8iW. Cf. Thucyd. V. 3. § 2. ol deofievoi is in apposition with v/ne?s the 

omitted subject of alpsio'&e, do ye who need choose. Cf. S. § 156. 1 ; H. 

§ 506. o-vyKaKovjxev " futurum est, non prsesens pro futuro, quod somniat 

Hutchinsonus." Porson. Cf. N. on § 24 supra. 

4T. a t ua ravra elirkv av£o~T7} 9 as soo?i as he said this he rose up. Cf. Butt. 
§ 150. p. 443; S. § 225. K 1; H. § 795. 3; K. § 176. R. 1 (end); C. 
§ 845. a. us jut] fieWoiro aWa irepaivoiro ra deoj/ra, that what was neces- 
sary to be done might suffer no delay, but be accomplished; or more briefly, 

that the necessary business might be transacted without delay. Aapdavevs, 

of Dardanus, a city of Troas. 



CHAPTER II. 

1. Tjjxipa re cx^op virecpaive, day ivas just beginning to break. e«s rb 

fxecop, sc. rod (rrpaToiredov. Cf. 1. § 46. eSoJej/ avTols. Cf. N. on I. 2. 

§ 1. Trpo<pv\aKOLs. Cf. N. on II. 3. § 2. A precautionary measure to 

guard against surprise. Karacrr^cravTas. Cf. 1ST. on Xafiovra, I. 2. § 1. 

2. tolovtcov, i. e. so eminent. o7rore as well as ore has sometimes a 

causal sense, whereas, since. crrepoixe^a (from arepw, the simple present 

of 0-Tepeca, Mt. § 193. Obs. 5), we are deprived of= we are in the state of per- 
sons deprived of; we are without. This form, which according to Passow is 
used by prose writers only in the pres. and imperf., must not be confounded 
with (rrepou/j.aL Cf. Butt. § 114. p. 258, and his more extended history of the 

word, Irreg. Verbs, p. 230. irpbs 5* en, and besides, irpbs is the only 

preposition employed by the Attic prose writers as an adverb. H. § 615; S. 

§ 234 ; C. § 887. /3. ol ap<pl 'Apicuov. Cf. N. on ol irepl rbv 'Apicuop, II. 

4. § 2. 

3. 4k twp irapSj/Toov frpdpas aya^ovs re eAfre?*', to come forth as brave men 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 323 

from our present difficulties. Weiske interprets : pro prcesenti rerum statu 
viros fortes venire (= esse). But in that case, as Kriig. remarks, cpxec&ai 
would have been employed instead of eA&e?*/. et 5e fi-fj, but if not, intro- 
duces an opposite supposition to the one in KaXcos vlkcovtcs aco^ixe^a. 

aXXa. — ye, yet at least. a7ro3W/C/ca> i uei' (let us die) and yev&fie&a follow 

o7ro;s, to be supplied from the preceding clause. rotavra .... iroLrjcretav, 

should undergo such sufferiyigs as may the gods inflict upon them. For the 
construction of Troii)o-eLav, cf. S. § 216. 1 ; H. § 721. 1, 

i» 'EttI tovtcc, after him, corresponds with irp&rov fiej/ in § 1. a-m- 

oriav, perfidy. irepl TrXeiaTov. See N. on I. 9. § 7. iirl tovtols, 

moreover, besides; literally, after these things. The repetition of avrbs is 

highly emphatic. zeviov. This epithet was given to Jupiter because he 

presided over the laws of hospitality. Cf. iEn. I. 735, " — hospitibus nam te 

dare jura loquuntur." KXedpxy. S. § 202, 1 ; H. § 603. 2; C. § 587; 

K. § 161. 2, b. 6}j.oTp&7re£os = Gvvhenrvos. It greatly enhanced the per- 
fidy of Tissaphernes, that he thus violated the laws of hospitality. ai/rois 

tovtols, by these very means, i. e. by means of the oaths, pledges, and friendly 
professions just before mentioned. 

5. ov . . . . Ka^KTrdvai. Cf. II. 1, § 4. teal ovtos, even this man. Cf. 

SH on II. 2, § 20. iduxafxti/. The aor. edcaita is used by Attic authors 

principally in the sing, and 3 plur., the aor. being generally preferred in the 
1st and 2d pers. plur. Cf. Butt, Irreg. Verbs, p. 68 ; Carmichael Gr. Verbs, 

p. 78. ed&Kafiev kclI ixd^o/xev ttlg'to. ~= <£ idutca/JLev teal a$ s ov eXa^ojxev 

iriCTd. H. § 818. c. tov T€&v7]KOTa = tov venp6v. itceivov syplGTOVS. 

" Adjectives signifying 'useful,' 'inimical,' &c, are usually construed with 
the dative, but sometimes with the genitive." Mt. § 391. Obs. 2. The in- 
gratitude of Ariasus in joining with Tissaphernes to destroy those who would 
have made him king of Persia, and who were the friends of his former bene- 
factor and prince, is forcibly set forth in this speech of Cleanor. 

6. 'AAAa .... aTroTio~G.il/To, but may the gods pay back to them their de- 
serts. Cf. N. on TToi'f)creiav, § 3 supra. fi'ijiroTe — en, never again. 

7. io-TaX/xevos, being arrayed; perf. mid. of CTeXXco, to place in order, to 

fit out, and hence to array, to deck one's person. tw vucav, victory. 

bp&ws e%etz/, that it was right, depends on vopifav. For the construction of 
twv KaTQdffTwv eavTov a£i<ao~avTa, cf. S. § 200. N. 2 ; H. §§ 578; 584. e; K. 

§ 158. 7. 7. — — ev tovtols, i. e. in his most splendid armor. ttjs TeXev- 

tt\s Tvyxdveiv (= airofrvricrKeiv). S. § 191. 2 ; H. § 574. c; K. § 158. 3. b. 
tov Xoyov 5e yjpxeTO. Cf. N. on I. 6. § 5. 

8» fiovXevofie&a =z diavoovfj.e&a in the next sentence. ovtoIs §ia <piXias 

Uvai = cpiXovs thai avTols. For this periphrastic use of Bid, cf. Mt. § 500. c. 

bp&vTas tovs (TTpaTTjyovs — oTa TreTr6v&ao~iv (2 perf. of Tracr^o)). For the 

prolepsis of the substantive, see Ns. on I. 2. § 21 ; 8. § 21. Zia Trio-Teas, 

confidingly. avToTs depends upon ivex^ipicav and refers to the Persians. 



324 NOTES. [Book III. 

wv = rovrwv a, of which, tovtwv depends upon diKrjv. See K. on I. 3. § 10. 

rb Xoittov. Cf. N. on II. 2. § 5. hia iravrbs TroAe^ou, u omni genere 

belli.'''' Sturz. u foa iravrbs est perpetiw." Kriig. 

9. irrapwrai ris. Divinations were drawn from sneezings (irrapfioi), espe- 
cially when occurring at some critical moment. rbv freoV, i. e. rbv Ala rbv 

^ajTTJpa. The omen taking place just as the word ccoTTjpias was spoken, Xeno- 

phon regarded it as coming from Zebs ^car^p. r^wv KeyovTow, while we 

were (i. e. I was) speaking. S. § 226; H. § 790. a; C. § 868. Rule. o-w- 

T'fjpia.j sc. &vjj.ara y sacrifices for our preservation. cvyeirev^aa'^ai, "simul 

vovere." Pop. Kara. Zvyafxiv, according to our ability. orcp .... x^P a - 

" Grsecorum exercitus multis nominibus rerum publicarum imaginem refere- 
bant ; et hunc praesertim exercitum civitatem peregrinantem dixeris. Ut 
domi, ita hie quoque de maximis quibusque rebus decernebat concio ; praetores 

quodammodo oratorum vice fungebantur." Kriig. GTtat&vicav. The paean 

was not only a battle and triumphant song, but also a hymn of thanksgiving, 
and, as it appears from this place, was sung to the honor of other gods 
besides Apollo. Cf. Hell. IY. 7. § 4. Ka\a>s elxev, were duly per- 
formed. 

10. 'Ervyxavoy Ae'ywj/, J happened to be saying when the omen (§ 9) took 

place. i7ri(»>pK7}(ri y have sworn falsely. Ovr<o 8* sx& VTWV ( sc * T ® v ^9°-' 

yyArwv), things being thus. Cf. S. § 152. 2. (a); H. § 504. c; C. § 771. a. 

robs fj.€yd\ovs = the powerful. A similar tropical sense must be given to 

the antithetic ixinpovs ; literally, small, i. e. weak. 

11. For the construction of avafxv7]cr(o yap v/xas — robs Kivtivvovs, cf. S. 

§ 192. N. 2; C. § 629; K. § 158. 5. b. ayabo7s— ehai. Cf. S. § 224; 

C. § 846. 5. yap Ilepow /c. t. A. Instead of continuing the construction 

from €7T€fTa 5e, the speaker apparently turns aside to explain robs kiv^vvovs, 
and thus carries on the construction from the parenthesis. Cf. Mt. §§631. 2 ; 
615 (end). See also N. on II. 5. § 12. Reference is had in this place to the 
invasion of Greece by Darius Hystaspis, whose generals, Datis and Artapher- 
nes, were defeated in the celebrated battle at Marathon. — — iraixTrK^u crro- 
\y is the dat. of accompaniment. H. § 604. 3 ; S. § 206. 5 ; C. § 607. 1 ; K. 
§ 161. 1. c. (a). The most commonly received estimate of the numbers of the 
Persian army, is the one given by Corn. Nep. (Vit. Miltiad.), viz., 100,000 

foot, and 10,000 horse. d?s aQaviovvTow, fut. for a<pavi<r6vTwv, as if to blot 

out. avfris. Sturz after Hesych. defines this word by ev&vs. Unless it is 

employed in this sense here, or to designate the return of Athens to the state 
in which it was before it was built (cf. Theoc. I. p. 33, cited by Born.), it had 

better be rejected as a vicious reading. 'A&tivoZol. The Athenians sent to 

Lacedaemon to obtain aid against the common enemy, but although the Spar- 
tans promptly responded to the summons, yet being forbidden by an ancient 
custom to march before the full of the moon, they did not set out with their 
forces until several days after the reception of the message. The Athenians 



Chap. II] NOTES. 325 

were left therefore to fight the battle alone, being assisted only by the Pla- 
taeans, who sent 1000 men to their aid. 

12. ev^dfieuoi ry 'Apre/tidi. The Schol. on Aristoph. Eq. 657, says that 
Callimachus the polemarch, vowed to Diana an ox for every ensiny who should 
fall in the approaching battle, but when so many Persians perished that oxen 
could not be found to sacrifice, an equal number of goats was substituted. 

Some say that Miltiades was the general who made this vow. rr} &e£. A 

noun of common gender, although t\ frea exists as a special feminine form, 
which, however, the Attics less frequently used. Cf. Butt. § 32. X. 2 ; H. 

§§ 118 ; 125. D. 2. ovk eix ov — cvpew, ^ iei J cou ^ not find. See X. on II. 

2. § 11. e5o|e;/ aWdis, it seemed good to them, they determined. With 

this implied personal subject, ev^dfxei/oL in the beginning of the section belongs. 

teal en Kal vvv airo&vovo-w, and even to this time they are sacrificing, i. e. 

so great a number of Persians were slain, that in order to fulfil the vow, they 
were up to the time of Xenophon sacrificing 500 goats each year. The 
Athenians killed about 6000 Persians in the battle, and having pursued them 
to their ships, took seven vessels and set many others on fire. Many of the 
invaders lost their lives in their haste to get on board the ships, so that the 
whole number who perished in battle, in the burning ships, and in the sea, 
must have been very great. 

13* vvrepov. Xerxes made his expedition into Greece B. c. 480, about ten 

years after the battle of Marathon. t V before apap(^/j.7]Tov is restrictive 

= that well known. See H. § 527. a. avapibfx-qrov. According to He- 
rodotus, the land forces of Xerxes amounted to 2,000,000 men, his sea forces 
641,610, making in all 2,641,610. The servants, eunuchs, women, sutlers, 
and other people of this sort, are reckoned at as many more, thus making the 
whole number 5,283,220. By the rejection of suspicious estimates, Rawlinson 
reduces the combatants to a million and a half, and concurs with Grote in 
making the number of non-combatants far less than that given by Herodotus. 
But with all reasonable deductions the term ayapi^/x-qrov may well be applied 

to such an army. Kal tots, then also, as well as in the battle of Marathon. 

toutojz/, i. e. Tissaphernes and his army. Kara yr\v. He refers here 

to the battle at Plataga. Kara fraXarrav. The sea-fights, in which the 

Athenians and their allies were victorious, were fought at Artemisium, Sala- 
mis, and Mycale, the latter of which victory was gained on the same day with 

that of Platgea. ra rpowaia, the trophies. The word is derived from rpi~ 

vu>, to turn about. These trophies were frequently erected where the enemy 

first gave way and turned to flight. {xaprvpiov = reK^piov. aXXa =: 

aXXa. jiovov. A contemptuous allusion is made to the Persian custom of doing 

homage to their kings by prostration. toiovtoov fxiv icrre irpoydvcav, from 

such ancestors you are descended. Cf. S. § 197. 2; H. § 572. d; C. § 526. 

14. Ob fx\v 5^ tovt6 ye epo), nor in truth (see N. on I. 9. § 13) do I say 
this — I would by no means be understood as saying this. «AA' . . . . o5, 






326 NOTES. [Book IIL 

for not yet (are there) many days since, atf ov, sc. XP^ V0V ' itce'iyccy, i. e. 

the. Persians who invaded Greece. v/xcov avr&v. For the construction, cf. 

S. § 198. 2; H. § 585. i. 

15. Kal t6tg fxku M], and then indeed. irep\ tt)s Kvpov fiaariXelas. 

Kriig. supplies fjiaxo/JievoL. Sfiirov 7j t u.as irpoo"f}Kei = certainly you ought 

to be. 

16» s AA\a fxi\v. Cf. N. on I. 9. § 18. ' &ireipoi ovres avToov, being tin- 

acquainted with them, i. e. having made no trial of their strength. For the 

construction of avroov, cf. S. § 187. 2 ; H. § 584. c. irarpia) <f>povf)fjLaTi y 

i. e. with a spirit becoming your high descent. ireipav — ex^re is opposed 

to cnreipoi opres. otl .... v/jlus. Cf. I. 8. § 19 ; 10. § 11. 

17. M??Se .... d6%7}T6. u In prohibitions with fi-fj, the imperative of the 
present is commonly used, but the subjunctive of the aorists." Mt. § 511. 3, 
Cf. S. § 218. 3. The imperative is used when the action is regarded as con- 
tinued. H. § 723. a ; Goodwin, § 86. For the construction of tovto, cf. S. 
§ 167. fxsLov — exejy, are weaker. et = on, a softened form of expres- 
sion for that which was absolutely certain, viz., the defection from the Greeks 
of ot Kvpe?oi, i.e. the Persians who had followed Cyrus. Cf. Mt. § 617. 2; 
Butt. § 139. p. 379; Goodwin, § 56. Kaidoves, more cowardly. 

18. iv&vjj.7}drr]TG is put in the plural, because reference is had to the fore- 
going t\s used collectively. See K on I. 4. § 8. The second person is em- 
ployed because t\s is used of those whom the speaker is addressing. ^v- 

pioi. Kriig. accents fxvpioi making it the plur. of fivpios, innumerable. Cf. 

Butt. § 70. p. 91. ol ttoiovvtss .... yiyv7jTai, the ones who do what takes 

place in battle = who wound and kill in battle. 

19. t7T7reW depends on acnpaXecrTepov. eV — ox'h^aros is explained by 

iirl rrjs yrjs, infra. i(p* 'ittttgoi/ Kp^fxavrai, hang icpon their horses, opposed 

to iirl rrjs yrjs fiefinKores, standing firmly upon the ground. Hesych. defines 

&s$t)k6tzs ■ j8ej8aia?s iv^arnKores. irokv 5' ert fxaKKov otov av jSoi/'Aco^efra 

T6v£oiJ.€&a, and we shall also reach ivithfar surer aim whomsoever we may wish 

to strike. £t>\ \x6vdo, in one respect only. irpoexovcriv — 7]fxas. Cf. S. 

§ 198. 2 (end). 

20. fxdxas. S. § 182; H. § 549; C. § 637; K. § 159. 3. (7). tovto 

&x&e(T$-e, (yet) feel troubled at this. The position of tovto is more emphatic 
than though it preceded the clauses, commencing with otl $' ovk€ti, and ovde 

j3aci\evs to which it refers. $}.... KeAevwfiev, than (to have) those men 

(as guides) whom being our captives ive may command to guide its. For ovs 

&pdpas, cf. N. on 1. 2. § 1. irepl tcls kavTwv ipvx&s — ajuapTdvovcri = shall 

suffer death. to. adof-iaTa refers to punishment by stripes or mutilation. 

21 . fjutcpa fxzTpa iroWov apyvptov, a small measure for much money. ix&Tpa. 

is in apposition with iTriT-fjSeia, and apyvpiov is gen. of price. findh tovto 

en exoyras, arid no longer having this (i. e. money), wherewith to purchase 
supplies. avTovs = tyus avrovs. Cf. S. § 160. b; H. § 669. b; C. § 733. 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 327 

2. fxirpoj xp (a f JL * vov * oirScrcp au eKaaros ^ovXrjTai, making use of as large a 

measure as each one pleases. 

22. Ei He. . . . Kpeirroj/a, but if you know these things that they are better. 

For. the prolepsis of ravra, see N. on I. 2. § 22. airopov, sc. XW"*- The 

reader will bear in mind that Xenophon is disposing of such objections as 
would naturally arise in the minds of the soldiers, in view of the untoward cir- 
cumstances in which they were placed. In answering these objections, he con- 
trives to substitute for each one a bright and glowing hope. This will be seen 
in his remarks respecting the defection of Ariseus, the want of cavalry, 
market, guides, etc. He now proceeds to dispose of a formidable objection, 

presented by the great rivers which lay between them and their country. 

teal fieydXoos ?77€?crd-e i£airaT7]Srii'ai Siafidvres, and think you have been greatly 

overreached in having crossed them. crKeif/aa&e el — ol fidpfiapoi == see 

whether the barbarians have not done, &c. The argument is, that if the Per- 
sians had induced the Greeks to cross the Tigris, with the hope of cutting off 
their return to Asia Minor by an impassable river, it was a most stupid device, 

since the army could go up to the head-waters and there cross over. 

miycoy. Cf. S. § 188; H. § 590. a. irpoiov(ri—tiia&aToL Cf. S. § 206. 

4; H. § 604; C. § 598. 

23. E* Be jiffi ol ttotcl}j.g\ diotcovo'ij', but if the rivers do not differ in re- 
spect to width at their sources and mouths. Some translate, but if the rivers 
will not 'permit us to cross over. Pop. and Kriig. read Bi-i)Govcriv, 3 pers. plur. 

fut. of Bdrjfii. ol»5' &s. See X. on I. 8. § 21. <pair tl aev = vTroXa/jL&d- 

voifxev. Schneider, following the Eton MS., edits gI ev fiao~iXeccs x^PZ 

ukoptos, by which the repetition of PacrtXecos (cf. X. on I. 3. § 14) is avoided. 
The argument is, that if the Mysians, Pisidians, and Lycaonians, held a footing 
in the Persian dominions against the will of the king, the Greeks had nothing 

to fear, even if they could not cross the rivers or were without a guide. 

Heio~[<5as. Cf. I. 1. §11; II. 4. §13. uaavrcos = 6/jlolcos. avrol = 

fyieis avrol. See X. on avrovs, § 21 supra. eWopev. The forms of the 

2 aor. of e'idca in the sense of to see, are used to complete the verb opdeo, which 
has no aorist. Cf. Mt § 231, etdoo. Concerning the Lycaonians, cf. I. 2. 
§ 19. rovrov refers to the Persian king. 

24. fa> <pai7]v, I would advise. S. § 215. 3 ; H. § T22 ; C. § 831; K. 

§ 153. 2. c. /u^ttco, in no manner, by no means. &s avrov irov oucff 

crovrasy as if ice were going to settle somewhere here. rod aSoXccs eKitefxtyeiv, 

that he would send them away without fraud, is an adnominal genitive limiting 

b^ipovs. Kal el, even if. kcl\ r\\uv .... izapacKeva^oixevovs. Cf. S. 

§ 215. 2 • ; H. § ^746. 2. The sentiment is, that rather than have so formidable 
a body of men as the Greeks settle in his dominions, the king would furnish 
them with every facility for a safe and easy march to their own country. 

25. *AX\a ydp. The ellipsis may thus be supplied : but (I do not think it 
best to stay here), for lam afraid, &c. fify — ^ &o"irep. Cf. V. 6. § 19. 



328 NOTES. [Book III. 

A similar repetition on account of intervening clauses is seen in el — et, § 35 
infra. /xd^oo/xej/ — Qv. In the sense of to perceive, ixabelv takes the par- 
ticiple, in the sense of to learn, the infinitive. Cf. Mt. § 530. 2 ; H. §§ 799. 

3; 802; K. § 175. 2. R. 4. (c). peydXais — stately. ol Xcoroty&yoi, 

the lotus-eaters. Cf. Odyss. IX. 83. Xenophon here indulges in a little pleas- 
antry, to cheer up the despondent minds of the soldiers. 

28. on exovres Trei/ovTaiy that they are willingly poor. e^6v. Cf. N. 

on II. 5. § 22. robs — iroXirevovras = ene'ivovs ot TroXirevovai. a/cA^- 

povs, poor; lit. lo'.lhout a lot or portion. iv&dde KOfjucraueuovs, having re- 
moved hither. For the case, see N. on Xafiovra, I. 2. § 1. *AAXaydp, 

but (why need I say more), for, &c. 

27. fxaxoi/Ji^a. Repeat av from the preceding member. *iva ^ ra 

(evyr} yfjLcov crpar^yrj, that our beasts of burden may not be our generals, i. e. 
that the movements of the army may not of necessity be conformed to the 

transportation of the baggage. av oxXou i*ev irapexovcriv &yeiv f are equally 

troublesome to carry, av, " par iter ut ra (evyr}." Schneid. ox^ov, trouble, 
'dyeiv has the force of the synecdochical accusative, limiting oxXov irape- 
Xovffiv. 

28. airaXXa^cofxev, let us, &C. See N. on ^ fxeXXwfxev, 1. § 46. rh 

irepirrd, the things which are superfluous. Cf. N. on II. 2. § 4. Kparov- 

fxevcav .... aXXSrpia, for you know that if we are conquered, every thinq (be- 
longing to us) becomes another's. I have translated this clause in the first per- 
son, in order to make it correspond with fjv 5e Kparw/aev, to which it is op- 
posed. robs note/iovs vopifav. S. § 185; H. § 556; C. § 634; K. 

§ 160. 3. 

29. AonrSy /not elireTu, it remains for me to say. 'Opare yap Kal robs 

TToXefxiovs. yap introduces a reason for Be? ovv iroXb k. t. X. in § 30. In such 
a case it may be translated since. See H. § 870. 4. For the prolepsis of robs 
iroXe/aiovs, see N. on I, 2. § 21. 

30. otiv, therefore, in view of the foregoing reason. ruv irpSo-bev, i. e. 

Clearchus, Proxenus, Menon, &c. For the construction, cf. S. §§ 168. 2; 198. 

1 ; H. §§ 493. a; 385. h. robs apxofievovs, i. e. the soldiers. to?s tip- 

Xovcri vvv, to the presetit commanders, limiting irei^ofjcej/ovs. S. § 201. 1 ; H. 
§ 595. b. 

31. *Hy Be tis. Cf. K on I. 4. § 9. V KoXa(eiv, if you will de- 
cree, that whoever of you for the time being is present, shall assist the com- 
mander in punishing. Prof. Woolsey (N. on Eurip. Alcest. p. 92) remarks 
that " act like our ever has two senses, always and at any time. In the latter 
sense, it is joined with the article and usually follows it immediately." Cf. V. 
4. § 15; VII. 5,§ 15; Thucyd. III. 77. § 1. oiirws, i.e. with such disci- 
pline. robs ovB 3 ev\ eirirpe^ovTas /ca/cy elvai, who will suffer no one to be 

neglectful of duty. 

32. 'AAAa yap, but (I will say no more), for, &c. irepalveiv — &pa. 



J 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 329 

Cf. S. § 222. 2; H. § 767; C § 849. b. "Post J) rairr, repete doKeT K a- 

Atos €xefv." Kriig. ToAjuara? Kai 6 t5iWT77s StSaavcef;/, let him though a pri- 

, vote soldier boldly proj)ose it. The article is generic. See H. § 529 ; C. 
§ 683. I. 

3& irpbs tovtois, in addition to those thi?igs. oh stands for h after 

dire. S. § 175. 1 ; H. § 808. 2 ; C. § 751. avrUa is opposed to us ra- 

Xurra, and may be rendered, presently, by and by. 

84# o>j> irpo(r$e?v Sokc? /mot, what it seems to me we yet need. On the conjec- 
ture of Wyttenbach, TrpocdeTj/ is substituted in the best editions for irpoadoKav. 
owov =■ eAceZcre ottov, to that place where. Cf. X. on II. 1. § 6. 

35* el Kal ovroi, if these also = in like manner. For iroXe^Loi — ovtol, cf. 
X. on I. 10. § 18. 

36* irAaiffioi: Cf. X. on I. 8. § 9. iroAvs ox^os, i. e. the servants, 

women, boys, sick persons, etc., attached to the baggage. riva xph yy£- 

<r&ai rov TrAcuaiov, whose duty it shall be to command the square. ra irp6- 

crSev, the front of the square. rivets, sc. xp"h- ^ T & v ^Xevpwv eKare- 

pwv elvai, to be upon (i. e. to take charge of) both icings. Connect ovk tii/ 

with Seoi. rots reray^euois, those who have been arranged, i. e. have had 

their place assigned them. 

37. el 5e fjL-f), Xeiplaocpos 7}yo?To, but if not, let Chirisophus take the lead, 
&c. 7]jo7ro and eTri/LLeXoia^rju are softer and politer forms than the imper- 
atives, riyeia&Qj and einixe\ei<T&wv. Cf. Mt. § 515. d. y\ S. § 218. 2; H. 

§ 722. b. eirei^ koX k. t. A. Cf. TI. 1. § 26. rb vvv ehat, for the 

present. Cf. S. § 223. 2; H. § 772. 

38. Tb Be Aonr6v,for the rest, for the future. Cf. S. § 182; H. § 554. a; 

C. § 643. T7ys ra£ecos, the order in which the army were to march. For 

the construction, cf. S. § 192; C. § 557. & ; K. § 158. 5. (c). Host refers 
Treipacr&cu, to try, to make trial (i. e. to become experienced) to the rule in his 
grammar ((§ 108. 4. c), that the expressions experienced, skilled, acquainted, 

&c, take the gen. of that in which one is experienced, kc. aei, for the 

time being, on each occasion. 

39« SedoyfAeva = ty7]<pio~iJ.aTa. ov — a\Ao>s, in no other way. fieixvi]- 

<rbco — ehai, let him remember to be. The participle wv after this verb, would 
give the sense, let him remember that he is, &c. See H. § 802 ; K. § 175. 2. 

R. 4. (e). tovtov, i. e. the sight again of his family. Construe rwv — vutdiv- 

rwv with i(TTl, it is the part of victors, &c. Cf. S. § 190; H. § 172. e; C. 
§ 572. See X. on II. 1. § 4. Xenophon appeals to their love of home, life, 
and riches, than which no chords of feeling could be more easily and effec- 
tually touched. 






330 NOTES. [Book IE. 



CHAPTER III. 

!• kolt£kcuov, began to barn, t&v irepiTT&v limits otov, and has Hr its 

antecedent the omitted object ixsreUtocrav. Render, of the superfluities, what- 
ever any one needed they shared with one another (S. § 202 ; H. § 602. 1). 

ippiirrovy. This verb expresses the alacrity with which they destroyed 

their superfluities. TjpiCToiroiovyro = ijpia'Tocy. Cf. IV. 3. § 9. —. ch 

iirfaooy. Cf. N. on II. 5. § 38. 

2. evyovs (S. § 58. 5 ; H. § 208), well disposed. Supply d/A from %v in 

the foregoing clause. 7roAAw <p6fice. The design of Mithridates was to 

draw out from the Greeks, under pretence of being their friend and in similar 

peril, the plans which they had formed for their preservation. Kal tovs 

frepaTrovras irdvras %X <j0V i m ^ ( see N. on e%o?y, I. 2. § 3) all my followers. 

rt £y v§ €%eTe, what is your purpose ; literally, what you have in 

mind. 

3. Kal eXeye Xeipt<ro<pos. Cf. N. on II. 3. § 21. The allusion in tIs is to 
Tissaphernes. 

4. 5 E/c tovtov. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 17. "Ev&a &?, then indeed. on 

.... c'lt], that he was sent as a spy. For v7r6ir€fjLirTos, cf. S. § 142-TOS ; H. 

§ 261. c. Kal yap. Kriig. would supply, accedebat etiam aliud argumcn- 

tum. By carefully noting the train of thought, the student will have no diffi- 
culty in supplying the ellipsis implied by yap. iriffreccs eVe/ccc, i. e. to se- 
cure fidelity on the part of Mithridates, and to see whether he faithfully dis- 
charged the duty assigned him, and brought back to Tissaphernes a true 
report. 

5. in rovrov. Kriig. makes it = fieTa tovto, after this. But Sturz, Born. ? 

and Pop., render it hac de causa, for this reason. fi£\Tiov. An ellipsis is 

implied in this comparison : better (than not to make the decree). Cf. Mt. 

§ 45 V. tov iroXe/jLou an'fipvKTov ; lit. a war in which no heralds are em- 

ployed, i. e. in which no terms of peace are given or received. ecTe iy t?) 

iroXefjLia, as long as they should be in the country of the enemy. Kal — ye, 

and even. NUapxoy. 1 ne same officer who was wounded in the belly 

when the generals were seized. It is so strange that he should desert, after 
such experience of Persian faith and magnanimity, and even before his wounds 
could have been healed, that Beck, thinks reference is had in this place to some 

other individual. yx*™ w^v = airfa. Cf. S. § 225. 8 ; C. § 867 ; K. 

§ 175. 3. (e). 

0. diafidi/Tes Thy ZafiaToy. We cannot help wondering with Rennell, that 
Xenophon should be silent respecting the mode of passing the Zabatus, espe- 
cially as it was performed in full day-light and under the very eye of the en- 
emy. There has been much discussion as to the place where the passage was 



Chap. III.j NOTES. 331 

made. Col. Chesney thinks that the Greeks crossed the river in boats near its 

' confluence with the Tigris. But Layard and Ainsworth with more reason make 

them to have crossed at a place where now is the principal ferry, about 25 

miles above the mouth of the river. iAcxppovs, light, agile. gv(uvovs, 

icell-girded, i. e. well prepared for fighting, running, &c. 

7. PpaxvTspa roov Tlepcr&v, a shorter distance than the Persians. The skill 
in archery for which the Cretans were celebrated, has been alluded to in X. 
on I. 2. § 9. u Persas quoque sagittandi arte exceluisse constat." Kriig. Cf. 
N. on I. 9. § 5. k<xI aua \pi\o\ uj/t^s ) and being at the same time light- 
armed. rajj/ oirAcoy = roov ottXituv. j8/3a%yrepa — v) as i&KveTcr&ac, too 

short a distance to reach; lit. a, shorter distance than so as to reach. u When 
it is an entire proposition with which the subject is compared, and the com- 
parative expresses that a quality exists in too high a degree to allow something 
mentioned to follow, 3) has after it the infin. with ciWe." Mt. § 448. b. 

8. 3 Ek tovtov. Cf. N. on § 5. idicoKou, sc. 4ke?voi the omitted antece- 
dent of ol Tui/ ottAitw. See S. § 188. 1; H. § 559; C. § 538. IB. 

9. oi Tre&l k. r. \. The idea of the passage is, that the Greeks (oi ive^oX) 
in a short space (eV oAlyu ywpicp) could not overtake their enemies (robs tte- 
(ovs), who had much the start (e/c iroWov (pevyovras. Cf. N. on e/c irAeovos, I. 
10. § 11). The reason why the pursuit could not be continued far, is given in 
the next clause. 

10. koX (psvyoyres a<jt.a, even while retreating, dfxa is often placed after the 

participle with which it is constructed. e*s Toviri<j&ev (sc, /nepos. Sturz) 

roj-evovres awb rav- 'iirirojv^ by shooting behind them from their horses ; i.e. 
while fleeing on horseback. Such was the custom of the Parthians. 

lit dei\7)s. Cf. X. on I. 8. § 8. ds ras Kdop-as. Probably the villa- 
ges spoken of, 2. § 34. ttjs QaAayyos, i. e. the main body. icai .... 

^8Aa7TT6ty, and icas none the more able to injure the enemy than though he had 
remained with the phalanx. 

12. kol\ .... [xapTvpoiv, and the affair itself was a witness for them, i. e. 

it justified their charge against him. iv ra> fxeyeiv, while standing still in 

order to repel the attack of the enemy. 

14. Tots .... x^P ls j sc - z&tv, let thanJcs be to the gods. oktyois, sc. 

(rrparidorais. wcrre fiAdtyaL fxkv fx)) fji€yd\a, so as to do us no great injury. 

S. §223. 1; H.§W0; C. § 858. 

15. ocrov ovt€ oi Kprjres b.vTiTo£sveiv Svvolvtoli, further than the Cretans can 

shoot their arrows in return. oi e/c %eipbs jSaWoj/res (sc. a/coVna) = aitov- 

rio-rai. iroAv — x w P^ 0V 9 a g rea t distance, is opposed to eV bxiyta, a short 

distance, in the following clause. ovx oioj>, i. e. it was not consistent with 

safety. The subject of this clause is SicaKeiv, the verb l\v being understood. 
7reQ)s ttg^gv. See N. on § 9 supra. e/c to£ov pvuaros, having a bow- 
shot the start. Cf. N. on I. 10. § 11. " si ejactu sagittce, sive e spatio quo 
sagitta scopum ferire potest peditem persequi incepit" "Weiske cited by Kriig. 



332 NOTES. [Book III. 

16. 'H^ets (nom. by attraction with the omitted subject of fieWofjLev) is put 

for 7]fuv 9 and is to be construed with 8e?. -t r\\v raxivryv = rdxurra. Cf. 

Mt. § 282. 2; S. § 135. 2. 'PoStous, RKodians. rb /3eAos, i.e. the 

stone or leaden ball, crcpevdovwv has by meton. the same sense, and depends ' 
on diairXoicriov. 

17. 'E/ceTz/af, i. e. the Persian slings. foa . . . . crcpevdovcov, in conse- 
quence of their slinging large stones ; lit. stones that Jill the hand, i. e. as large 

as the hand can grasp. reus ^.oKv^icnv, leaden balls. These being much 

smaller than stones of the same weight, would meet with less resistance from 
the air, and thus fly much further before their force was spent. 

18» rives. "In connection with some verbs implying search or investiga- 
tion, rls, rl stands instead of oar is, o ri." Butt. § 127. N. 6. rovrcav 

limits r$ jxev, and refers to rives. In regard to avr&v, for them (i. e. the 
slings), the thing bought is sometimes put in the genitive, in which case the 

verb of the proposition does not signify, to buy or sell. Cf. H. § 578. c. 

r$ Se corresponds with r$ [xev. u\\o, other than money paid for slings 

already made. rep (rcpevdovay evreray}xev(a i&ehoj/ri, to him who volunteers 

to be enrolled as a slinger. i&e\ovri, voluntarily, of oneh own accord. 

d\\r]v riva areKeiav, some other immunity, " honesties in militia locus, nam 
(T<pevd6v7j erat dovXucbv oir\ov" Sturz. 

19. r$ KXedpxy KaraXeXeifxixevovs. So we say of one who is dead, he left 

such and such things. rovrovs irdvras eKXe^avres, having selected (the best) 

from all these. S. § 185. els lirireas KaraffKevdo'cofxev, shall prepare (by 

suitable equipments) for horsemen. rl — b.vid<rov<Tiv 9 will furnish some 

trouble. 

20. v E5ofe ravra. See I. 3. § 20. edoKi^dc^rqcrav, were approved. 



CHAPTEE IY. 

!• rrj &\\r). See X. on II. 1. § 3. x a P^P ay 9 a ravine, oed of a tor- 

rent. Sep? fj, at which. Gia(3aivov(riv f while crossing over. 

2. Aia(3ePr}K6ai, just as they had passed over. The perfect here refers to 

that which has just taken place. Cf. Thiersch, § 85. 3. rotrovrovs yap 

yryo-e Ticrcracpepi/Tjv. Cf. S. § 185; H. § 553; C. § 636. ev ry Ttpov&ev \ 

Trpoo-fioKfj, in the former attack. S. § 169. 1. 

3. r 6<rov 9 as many as. diefiaive, began to cross. UaprjyyeXro .... 

6-xXirwv, orders had been given to such of the targeteers and heavy -armed as 
icere to pursue, ovs = etceivois ovs, of which eKeivois limits irapiryyeXro, and 

is followed by rcfr ireXravrwv (S. § 188. 1 ; H. § 559. a ; C. § 538. jB). as 

ecpe-tyo'xevTis eKavrjs dvydfxecas, inasmuch as a force sufficient (to support them) 
should follow. Cf. S. § 225. 4; H. § 795. e; C. § 870; K. § 176. 3. R. 2. 




iv.] xotes. 333 

4. KareiXifcpei, had overtaken the Greeks. <r<pev§6vai. See X. on 3. 

§ 16. io"f}fj.7]ue. Cf. X. on I. 2. § 17. o,aocre, toward the same point. 

Schol. ad Thucyd. IV. 29. § 4, 'OfxScre Uvai b\vr\ rod els X € <P a *> * a * TrXno-ioj/, 

I #r<H crvcrrdd7]v fjaxys. oTs eXpvro, who had been (thus) ordered. oi 

Be, i. e. the Persians. 

5* ro?s PapfSdpois belongs to aire^avov, as the dat. incom. See X. on I. 1. 
§ 9. Such datives may often be translated as adnoruinal genitives. See X. 

on oi 'tiriroi avrols BeBevrai, § 35. avrol KeXevaroL is explained by Suidas, 

ovk 4k irapayyeX/xaros, uncommanded, of their own accord. The reason why 

the Greeks mangled the bodies of the slain, is given in the next clause. 

us ... . 6p$.y, in order that it might be as shocking a sight as p>ossible to the 
enemy. For the construction of opay, see S. § 222. 6 ; H. § 767 ; C. 
§ 849. (b). 

6. ovtqj Trpdj-avres, i. e. having suffered this defeat. to \oL7rbv rr t s ^ue- 

pas, the rest of the day. Cf. S. § 188. 1 ; H. § 559. a; C. § 539. f. 

7. Adpio-o-a is supposed to be the city whose ruins are now called Ximroud. 

to iraXaiou, anciently. vtyos, height. rod oh kvkXov ij irepiofios, 

the whole circumference, u universus ambitus.''' Sturz. irXiv&ois Kepajxiais, 

bricks made of potter's clay. 

8. pacriXevs 6 Uepcroou, i. e. Cyrus the Elder. tfXiov 8e ve<p4Xf] ttpokclXv- 

\pao*a. This reading is adopted by Brod., Muret., Hutch., Weiske, Dind., Pop., 
and Kriig. The MS. reading, rjXtos 5e ve<peXr,v irpoKaXtyas, is however re- 
tained by Bornemann. This obscuration of the sun was probably an eclipse, 
the cause of which being unknown to the inhabitants, was attributed to a cloud. 
An illustration of the terror anciently inspired by eclipses, is furnished in the 
consternation of Xicias and his troops at an eclipse of the moon, when they 
were just ready to leave Syracuse. Zonaras relates, that Hannibal was terri- 
fied by an eclipse of the sun before the battle of Zama. For the manner in 
which Columbus wrought upon the fears of the Indians, by predicting an 

eclipse of the moon, cf. Irving's Columb. Vol. II. p. 144. i^eXnroy, sc. 

r)]v ttoXlv. Cf. ep?7,u77, § 7 supra. teal ovrcos edXco, and thus it was taken. 

edXa, 2 aor. act. with a pass, signif. (cf. S. § 207. X. 2 ; H. §§ 408. 12; 447. 
1) from 'AAHMI. Cf. S. § 133 ; H. § 408. 12 ; C. § 420. 1. 

9. Ilapa ravrnv tV ^oXiv, near this city. See X. on I. 2. § 13. ttu- 

papls, pyramid. " Qua? figura apud geometras ideo sic appellatur, quod ad 
ignis speciem, rod irvpos, ut nos dicimus, extenuatur in conum." Amm. 

Marcell. XXII. 15. 5 Ett1 ravryjs (see X". on I. 2. § 16), upon this, i.e. the 

pyramid. It served for a kind of fortress. 

10. relxos, castle. Cf. X. on I. 4. § 4. irphs rfj irSXet, near the city. 

A fortress like this being usually built for the defence of some city, when 
spoken of, suggests the idea of the city or place defended. Hence when the city 
is mentioned, it takes the article as though it had been previously mentioned. 
Schaef. "however edits nrp6s re voXei. MeWzAa (i. e. middle gates or 



334 NOTES. [Book III. 

pass) has been identified by Rennell with Nineveh, by Col. Rawlinson with 
Mosul. Ainsworth thinks it comprised both or portions of both. In regard 
to this question of the locality of Nineveh, I am indebted for the following note 
to the Rev. Dwight W. Marsh, whose long residence as a missionary of the 
American Board at Mosul, entitles his opinion to great weight. "We can 
hardly limit the term Nineveh to the space within the seven-mile wall opposite 
Mosul. Her kings at times certainly resided in the palaces of Nimrood twenty 
miles south, and of Khorsabad fifteen miles north. These three-walled inclo- 
sures were the strongholds. The Tigris defended the west. The detached 
mounds of Bahsheika, Karamlis, Karakosh and others on the east, seem to 
have been unquestionably designed to protect the whole diamond-shaped area, 
about thirty miles long, and in the centre nearly half as wide, but not larger 

than we know Babylon inclosed within its walls." \ibov tea-rod KoyxvAid- 

Toy, hewn stone containing shapes of shells. These shells were petrified. 

11. 'E-rri de ravrr), ttpon this, i. e. the foundation of variegated stone just 

spoken of. aiT&Xecrav, adopted, on the authority of Steph., by the best 

critics, for the common reading a-iruXkv&av, is here used transitively in the 
sense of amitiere, to lose, virb Tiepcrcav is however constructed with it, be- 
cause it has the sense, were deprived of the government by the Persians. 

12. 6 liepcrcap jSacnAevs. See N. on § 8 supra. cvre XP^ V( P — °^ T€ £i'a, 

neither by siege nor by storm; literally, neither by time nor by force. e/.t- 

Ppoyr^rovs. The Schol. explains this, KapdioirX-qKrovs, fiaivopevovs, tKcppovas. 
" missis fulguribus eos sive in stuporem sive in furorem conjicit, ita ut non 
resisterentP Sturz. 

13. rbv <na.^ixbv here denotes time, and hence els is to be explained as in 

I. V. § 1. ovs re ... . ex&v. ^ ne ^ u ^ construction would be, eKeivovs re 

c'xwj/ ovs avrhs ex&v '3/Oe. This part of Tissaphernes's force consisted of 500 

horse. Cf. I. 2. § 4. ?A^ev to Babylon. rod exovros. Cf. II. 3. 

§ 23. ous Kvpos k'x^v aye fin fiapfidpovs, the barbarian forces with which 

Cyrus marched up against the king. 6 fiaGiAecas aoe\<pos. Cf. II. 4. § 25. 

irpbs rovTOLSy in addition to these. 

14. ras .... Karacrrjcras, a p>art of his troops he opposed to the rear of the 
Greeks, elx^ — Karacrr^a'as = Karecrr'qcre. Cf. S. § 225. 8. Repeat elxez> 

with irapayar/wv in the next clause. els ra ir\dyia, in the direction towards 

the flanks of the Greeks. fiev ovk erAXyL-ncrev corresponds to Be -irap^yyeiXe 

in the following member. 

15. ovdels Tifxapravev avdpos. Every stone and arrow took effect in the 

dense masses of the enemy. ovde yap — pddioy %v, for it ivas not easy. 

irpo&vjxoTro, sc. a/xaprdyeiu avdpos. €|a> fieX&v, i. e. beyond the reach of 

the missiles. 

16» ot /*eV, i.e. the Greeks; ot o°, the Persians. afcpopoXicret. This 

word designates a skirmish, in which missiles are thrown from a distance. 

The re in yap o7 re belongs to rwv Tlepffwv. See Bornemann's note. Prof. 



Chap. IV.] NOTES. 335 

Long thinks that this particle is hardly admissible here. tuv Ilepow de- 
pends on fiaKpoTtpov. 

17. icai, also, connects to, ro^a with /xaKpSrepou — £(T(b£vo6vo)v, the sense 
being that in addition to the superiority of the Rhodian slingers, the Persian 
implements of archery, which were also superior, being used by the Cretans, 
gave the Greeks in every respect the advantage, in these skirmishes with mis- 
siles at a distance. rots Kpyal limits xp^ cri l JLa " I n regard to these Cretan 

archers, see I. 2. § 9. tiiereAovy xpwjuej/oj, they were continually using. 

Cf. S. § 225. 8; H. § 798. 2 ; K. § 175. 3. (c) ; C. § 863. y. ipthsrw 

To^vetu fata Uvtzs iiaxp&v, they shot up vertically for practice, sending (their 
arrows) far up, i. e. as high as they could shoot them. Kriiger conjectures, 
without sufficient ground, that cifia Uvtcs is the true reading. 

18. ftaoy exovres. See 1ST. on I. 10. §8. aKpo$oAi£6p.evos, skirmish- 
ing. Cf. X. on g 16 supra. 

19o otl .... kirofxivwv, that a, square (cf. X. on I. 8. § 9) was a bad order 
of march, when the enemy were pjur suing. c-vyKvirrw signifies to bend to- 
gether. The reason is given in -1) odov k. t. A. 'AvayK7) yap iartp — e/cd-Ai- 

/Secrd-cci robs 07rAiVas, of 'necessity the heavy-armed troops must be forced out of 
their ranks. For the construction, cf. S. § 222. 2 ; H. § 769. Notice the 
construction of avdyK-n with the infinitives elmi, oiao-iracr^rai, etc., below. 

to Kepara = at irAevpai, § 22. aua fihp — a,ua 5e nai, both — and 

also. 

20. Biacrxy signifies to separate, relax. to (xicrov is the subject, and 

ksvov the predicate of yiyvea&ai. oiafiacriv (literally, a passing over) here 

signifies the place crossed, as a ravine, morass, defile, &c. ^ov\6^vos 

<p&darcu irpwros, vdshing to be first to cross over. eueTrid-eroz/, sc. to 7rAai- 

criov, it was easy to make an attack upon the wing. For to?s iro\E/j.ioLS 

after evrirfoeTOv, see S. § 206. 4. 

21. ava. ktcaTov audpas, of one hundred men each. iiricrT^o-av .... ipay 

[.lOTcipxas. For the construction, cf. S. § 185; H. § 556. aWovs — aAAoys, 
some — others, are in apposition with Ao%ayoys. The order of rank in the 
Spartan army was, 1. /BaaiKevs ', 2. iroAefiapxos ; 3. Aoxayos', 4. TrevT-nitov- 

T'fjp; 5. ivoiixoTapxris. Cf. Schol. ad. Thucyd. Y. 66. § 3. Outoi 5e iro- 

pevo/JLcyot oi Xox^yoi, while the lochagi were on the march. The construction 

is similar to that in I. 8. § 27, on which see Note. vireix^vov va-Tcpoi, 

stayed behind. cScrre = tVa. Tore Se, i. e. after the wings were drawn 

together. 

22. to p.4(xov avs%eirijxirA7i<Tav, they again filled up the centre. It appears 
that the 600, who marched in the centre, halted, when it was necessary to 
draw in the wings. This brought them in the rear, after which they filed of? 
and marched outside of the wings. "When the wings separated again, by an 

inverted process they (i. e. the 600) resumed their station in the centre. 

to 5ie%oy, the opening, vacancy. kclto, Ao'xovs, by companies of 100 men 



33G NOTES. [Book HI. 

each, which would be more compact than 12 bodies of 50 each, or 24 of 25 
each, as was the method of filling up the centre, when the space was more ex- 
tended. 

23» eV tw /Aepet, vicissim, in tarn, in due order. ol Koxayot, sc. rwv 

e£ \6x&v. e? irov Scot ri tt}s (bd\ayyos, supply iirnrapuvai from iTMraprj* 

<rav, and if perchance there was a necessity for some part of the pjialanx (to be 
present). <pd\ayyos depends upon irov. Mt. § 324. 8. 

24. *Hviica §6 rwv v£\juktov i-n-opevoi/ro, but while they toere making the 
fifth (day's march). Notice the force of the imperfect, compared with the 

momentary aorist iTropev&rjcrav which precedes. tV o^bu is governed by 

eldov. yr)\6<p<av v^/tj\wj/. " The first hills that are met in proceeding 

northward from Assyria to Karduchia, are those which constitute the triple 
range, designated as the Jibel Abyad by the Arabs, and Cha Spi by the Kurds, 
both signifying l white hills/ and immediately beyond them is the castle of 
Zakhu, with valleys around it, like a feudal castle of olden times." Ainsworth. 

ot Ka&rjKov airb rod opovs, which extended from the mountain (to which 

the hills belonged), i. e. ran out as spurs from it. v<p* § 9 under which = at 

the foot of which. ws cIkos 9 as was natural, with reason. 

25* K.ar£$aivov 9 they began to descend. ws . . . . avafiaTej/, in order that 

they might ascend the other, i. e. the second hill. For ws telic, see H. § 875. e. 

airb rod viprjXov, from the eminence. els rb vrpavis, downwards. 

Hutch, supplies x«P">* / - fab ftacrrlyow, under the lash. Concerning this 

habit of the Persians, cf. Herod. VII. 22, 56, 103, 223. No wonder that such 
slaves made worthless soldiers. 

26. As the Greek slingers and archers could not cast their missiles or shoot 
their arrows up the mountain, it showed no want of bravery in them to retire 
from so unequal a contest to the ranks of the heavy-armed. 

28» ravrd, the same things. irplv is followed by the finite verb, the 

action being expressed as something really done. See H. § 771. irpbs rb 

opos, i. e. the mountain spoken of, § 24. 

29. ot iroXijAioi, i. e. the Persians, ol iro\4(xioi in the next clause refers to 
the Greeks. SeSoimfres. Cf. S. § 211. N. 6 ; H. § 712 ; C. § 367. 

30» ol fxiv, i. e. the main army. rrj 65y Kara robs yr)\6<povs, in the 

way over the hills (§ 24). ot 5e, i. e. the targeteers, who had ascended the 

mountain. iirnrapdi/res, passing along. els ras K^fxas spoken of, 

§24. 

32. ov irpwrov, where first. k6ixt}v. There is a Chaldean village now in 

the plain, called Bidari. The ancient village probably stood where is now 

found a mound of ruins called Tel Kubbin. ert, any longer. cwnfyta- 

Xoi, unable to fight ; lit. away from the combatants. 

33. npbs r)]v Kwfxrju, i. e. the one in which the Greeks were encamped. 

iroXv irepirja'ay, were far superior. iro\v yap di4<j>€pov, for it was far dif- 
ferent. 



Chap. IV.] NOTES. 337 

34. SefAij. Cf. N*. ou I. 8. § 8. 

35. Tlovr)p6v) a useless thing. ol '{ttttoi aureus SeSevrai = ol 'liriroi avTwv 

Sefevrai, their horses are tied, C. § 604. 4 ; S. § 201. 5 ; H. § 598. b. 

a>s . . . . eVe/ca, as a common thing are shackled, to prevent them from running 

away. For the construction of Tteiro§i<riJ.£voi — /xtt?, see N. on I. 3. § 2. Set 

— TlepcTT} at/dpi — 5e? — ^wpaKia-^evra. The impersonal Set is constructed with 
the dative (S. § 201. 1 ; H. § 507. 1), or with the accus. (S. § 153. a; H. 
§ 494. a). Here both constructions are combined. Cf. Mt. § 411. 5. Obs. 2. 

aweo-K-fivovy = aTrecrrpaToiredevoyro, as thev had burned their tents (III. 

3. § 1). 

36. SiayyeXojxivovs. " Opinor esse : cum inter se hoc denuntiarent, alter 
alter i (fortasse duces militibus) proficiscendum esse acclamaret." Weiske, 
quoted by Kriig. and Born. SicryyeAAo^eVoys, passing along tlie icord of de- 
parture. iicftpvl-e, sc. 6 K7}pv£. X. on I. 2. § 17. G , vcrKevd£e(T&cu, to 

put themselves in readiness to march. aitovovTav tcov iroXe/nicov, in the 

hearing of the enemy, is to be taken with e/c^pi/£e. eVeVxo*', sc. kavrovs. 

\veu/ (= \vcriT6\€7j/) is governed by iSoKti. iropsvcaSrai and Kardyt- 

oftai form the subject of eSo/cer. 

37. Kal avroi, they themselves also. aua^ev^avres, having broke up 

their encampment. The Greeks were enabled by this stratagem to proceed 
three whole days and a part of the fourth unmolested by the enemy. During 
these three days, the Greeks had been marching across the plain of Zakhu, 
and had now reached the hills which come down from the Jibal Judi to the 
banks of the Tigris. These heights were therefore necessarily to be passed by 
the Greeks, and of this the Persians were aware, and had taken their measures 
accordingly. aKpccwx^v opovs, the summit of a hill. This is in apposi- 
tion with x ( *p' { - ov vTrepSefroj/, a place on the right over (the way), and the same 

eminence which is called \6<pov in §§ 41, 44. Jj, where. v<J>' %\v, under 

which. The accusative implies previous motion towards the place mentioned. 
See N. on I. 1. § 2. 

38. irpoKarci\7]fj.fiev7]y, taken possession of beforehand, preoccupied. 

airb rrjs ov pas, from the rear. 

39. iiri<paij/6jj.€voi/, coming in sight. The Greeks were now in extremities. 
The hills, at the foot of which lay their route, were preoccupied by a detach- 
ment of the enemy. On the right hand were the mountains, on the left the 
Tigris, while Tissaphernes with the main army of the Persians was hanging on 
the rear, so that no troops could be spared from that division to assist the van 
led by Chirisophus. It will soon however appear with what address and gal- 
lantry they were extricated from these difficulties. yfwr 9 dat. incomm. 

el p.)) tovtovs airoKStyofxei', unless ice dislodge these men. 

40. c O 5e, i. e. Xenophon, who is also the speaker in the sentence com- 
mencing with 'AAAa fi^v &pa. ^prifia KaTaXnrsiv ra oitio'&gv, that the rear 

should be left defenceless. r\s = ^/ue?s, like our use of one for we. 

15 



338 NOTES. [Book III. 

41 # rod ftpovs tV Kopv^v. This was a higher elevation than the one a 
little in advance occupied by the Persians. Hence if the Greeks could get 
possession of this commanding eminence, they could easily drive the enemy 

from the heights, upon which they had posted themselves. virep avrod rod 

kavT&Vy above their very army, Uor&cu. Cf. N. on I. 5. § 8. rb a/cpoj/, 

i. e. rod opovs r)]v Kopv^v. €t j8ovAe(, if you are willing, iy& 5e. 

The omission of av ixkv with the preceding jiieVe, imparts emphasis to the will- 
ingness of Xenophon to do either of the things here mentioned. et 5e xpy~ 

£eis, but if you desire to go. 

42. lAecr&at is the object of ditiajjii. naitphv .... AaAeTj/ = to airb rfjs 

oupas XafieTv %v fiaicpdv. As it respects the construction of AajSetV with fxaKpav, 
it is usual to give the positive in such cases the force of the comparative, and 
supply ?) Here before the infinitive. But Mt. (§ 448. p. 746) says, u properly 
speaking, the positive is not here used for the comparative, but the infinitive 
expresses either the respect in which the adjective is to be taken (Mt. § 534), 
or the effect of the obstacle included in the adjective, so that it is to be taken 
in a negative sense, far, so as to prevent bringing , i. e. too far to bring." 

43. robs Tpicucoaiovs, i. e. half of the If \ox ot spoken of, § 21 supra. 

44. rod Aocpov, i. e. the x w P*°*' v7rep§ef*oz> of § 37. rb &Kpov refers to 

the higher elevation spoken of, § 41. ajuiAAacrfrat iirl rb &Kpov, to con- 
tend for the height, i. e. to reach it before the Greeks. " In Xenophonte 
c^uAAacrd-ai semper de summo studio perveniendi aliquo reperitur." Sturz. 

45. crparevfiaros tiiaKetevo/JLtvow. Cf. N. on Koirroures, II. 1. § 6. 

7TOAA-); /xhv Kpawyy)- — ttoWtj 5e Kpavy-fj. The consciousness that they were striv- 
ing in the sight of both armies, the shouts of encouragement with which they 
were cheered on, and the great interests at stake, must have exerted a power- 
ful influence upon these rival bands, as they strove for the summit of the 
mountain. Kriig. thinks that the repetition of Kpavy)) is needless. 

46. "Aj/fyes, vdv els k. t. A. No appeal could be more powerful than this. 
The repetition of vvv is exceedingly spirited and emphatic. 

4T. ef foov — eVjueV, " cequali conditione sumus" Kriig. xaAeirws 

Koijj.vca r))v ao"irl8a (jyepow, I am greatly fatigued with carrying my shield. S. 
§ 225. 8 ; H. § 800 ; K. § 175. 1. (d). Kriig. joins x^™* to <p4puv, carry- 
ing with difficulty. 

48. Kai bs = Kal ouros. See N. on I. 8. § 16. virdyeiv, to go for- 
ward before the one, who Trape/ceAeiWo, i. e. Xenophon. ju^Ais, with dif 

ficidty. irapiivaiy to pass by Xenophon whose progress was retarded by 

the weight of the soldier's shield in addition to his own cumbrous armor. 

49. 'O 5e, i. e. Xenophon. avafids, sc. iirl rbv 'linrov. Zees /Bdo'i/xa 

9jv 9 as far as he could proceed on horseback; lit. as far as it was accessible to 
a horse. &dcriixa. Verbals in the predicate, not referring to a proper subject, 
are often put in the plural. Cf. Mt. § 443. 1. 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 339 



CHAP TEE Y. 

1. &\\riv 6$bv &x oyT0 ' For the construction, cf. S. § 181. 2; H. § 547; 

K. § 153. 3. (6). els rb Trediov, into the plain. This plain is found in the 

one lying between the spur of the Jibal Judi referred to in 4. § 37, and the 

eminences which block up the plain to the north opposite to Jizirah. 

ayc&u>v in regard to necessaries for the army. 

2. /cad-' apirayrjv, for plunder. k<x\ . . . . KareX-ncp^cav, for many 

herds of cattle were taken while being transported across the river, i. e. while 
the owners were attempting to pass them over to secure them from the 
Greeks. 

3. hvoovfxevoi /xt. Cf. S. § 230. 3 ; II. § 743; K. § 177. 7; C. § 894. 

el Kaioiev (sc. ras K&fias) refers to the enemies. exotep refers to the 

Greeks. oiro&ep, any place whence. Xa^dpoiep governs ra iriT-f)- 

heia. 

i* ttjs Po-qbe'ias, the relief of the foragers, who had been suddenly attacked 

by the Persians. See § 2 supra. anb ttjs fiori&€ias y (returning) from the 

relief (of the foragers). This belongs to ol "EAA^es, referring to Chirisophus 
and his party. 

5. 'Opare .... elpai, you see that they (i. e. the Persians) are acknowledg- 
ing the country now to be ours. a, for eKetpa a, refers to /r); .... x&P av - 

avrol naiovaiv is put for avrol ttolovcl Kaiopres, of which, iroiovvi governs 

eKelpa, the suppressed antecedent of a. cbs aKkorpiap, as if it belonged to 

another = to us. edp irov = wherever. 

60 &s ... . rijxerepas, sc. x < ^P as -> as tf * n defence of our country. A playful 
remark of Xenophon, not intended as sober advice. His object was to arouse 
the drooping spirits of the men, and therefore he indulged in a vein of pleas- 
antry. aXha. Ka\ 7}fie7s, but we also as well as the Persians. 

7» eirl ras o-K-npds. As the tents had been burned (III. 3. § 1), this means 
nothing more than that they retired to their respective stations in the camp. 
Rennell thinks that they adopted the plan of bivouacking after their tents were 

burned. ol /J.ep #AAoi, the rest (in reference to the arparrryol and \oxayol 

spoken of in the next clause) = the common soldiers. irepl — ^crav, were 

engaged about. The preposition has here a tropical sense. H. § 651. 

eVrav&a, i. e. in the council of officers. "Ep&ep /xep — ep&ep 5e. See X. on 

II. 4. § 22. opr\ — vTT€pv\pr}\a. These were the Carduchian mountains (IV. 

1. § 2). iroranos, i. e. the Tigris. roaovros rb j8d&os (accus. synecd.), 

so much in depth = so deep. &s = wcrre, so that. H. § 875. d. In this use 

it generally, as here, expresses result rather than purpose. Cf. Goodwin, 

g 98. N. 1. vrepex&p (sc. rov vdaros. S. § 189; H. § 583), stood out 

above the water. ireipw/nepois rov fid$ovs> trying the depth. ireipwfJLevois 



340 NOTES. [Book III. 

limits Upara. S. g 201. 5 ; H. § 598. b ; C. § 604. 4. For the construction 
of jSc&ous, cf. K on III. 2. § 38. 

8. Kara rerpaKi<rx^iovs, by 4000 at a time. Cf. Mt. § 581. p. 1017. 

$, 'Ac/ccDi/, bottles made of skins. ravra = e^rai/^a. S. § 163. K 2 ; 

EL § 678. a. "ovtos and ode are often used instead of the adverbs 4 here,' 

4 there,' the speaker pointing as it were with the finger." Mt. § 471. 12. 

Qvcrrj&evTa. " Brevitatis studio ductus ad bestias refert quod de bestiarum 
pellibus dicendum erat." Kriig. Concerning this mode of crossing rivers, cf. 
I. 5. § 10. 

10. tovtois .... aWrjKovs, with these (i. e. ol 0*60710!) having fastened the 

leather bottles together. — \iSovs apr-ftcras (sc. 4k tcou acrKwi/), having tied 

stones to these bottles. These participles have the relation of time to eirifiaXw 
and iTTKpop^o-coj when I have fastened — I will cast upon, &c. See H. § 788. a; 
S. § 225. 2. a/jL<poT€pto\)r€j/, at both ends, i. e. on each bank of the river. 

11. avTbca fxd\a 9 forthwith == on the very spot. fxd\a gives emphasis to 

avrtica. ttSs, every. el~ei rod /a)) KaraZvvai, will prevent from sinking. 

S. § 197. 2; H. §§ 580. 1; 838; K. §§ 157; 177. 7. " iyw, to prevent, is 
followed by the infinitive alone, or with the article in the genitive." Cf. Mt. 
§ 542. y. 

12. rb £j/&vfA7]jjLCt, the device. to ipyov, the execution. ol . . . . ttoi- 

€?y. The order is, ot ev&vs Uu eirerpeirou ro?s Trpdorois (i. e. they who at- 
tempted first to cross over) iroieiu ovdev tovtcov, sc. el eirex^povv. Tissaphernes 
had probably stationed this body of cavalry on the opposite shore of the Tigris, 
in order to prevent the Greeks from crossing if they should attempt it. 

13. els .... Ba/3u\cDj/a. The best solution of this passage is the one given 
by Born., u Postridie via Babylonica (i.e. ea, quae e provinciis Babylonem 
ducebat) relicta aliam viam ingressi sunt illi contrariam. n Dind. would reject 
]) before irpbs Ba@v\a>i/a. In that case the sense would be, that the Greeks 
turned back again towards Babylon. But it can hardly be conceived that they 
would again expose themselves by a retrograde movement to the attacks of 
the Persians, from whom they had suffered so much in their recent march over 

the hills. KaTaKavffavres, SC ras Kwfxas. Cf. § 3. o/uloioi ^crau &av/Lid- 

fety, seemed to wonder, were like persons who were in a state of wonder. This 
is the reading adopted by Dind. But Born., Pop., and Kriig. make ofxoioi 
9)(rav — i(pKe<rav, and read ofioioi fjo-av fravfid^ovres. That this construction is 

admissible, cf. Mt. 555. Obs. 2. owot irore rptyovrai ol "EWrjves, whither 

the Greeks coidd possibly be going, oiroi irore corresponds to our familiar 

expression, where in the world. rptyovrai — exoiev. The indicat. and 

op tat. are here interchanged. Cf. Mt. § 529. 5 (end). 

14. a t u<pi. See N. on irepl, § 7 supra. yjXsyxov . . . . ffij == ij\eyxoy 

(robs alxpa>\(*>Tovs) rls elrj % x&P a ^^ <TT7 1 K * T - *• Cf. N. on II. 3. § 1 1 (begin- 
ning). tfXeyxov takes two accusatives. S. § 184. 1 ; H. § 553. 

15. ret fxev . . . . eiy, the regions towards the south belonged (S. § 190; H. 



Chap. V.J NOTES. 341 

§ 572. e) to the country (H. § 509. b) towards Babylon, t\ 8e . . . . cpepoi, 

but the way (65os, H. § 509. b) eastward woidd lead^ &c. SiapdvTi, to one 

having crossed. In the construction of the dative denoting one in whose view 

a thing is true, the participle alone is frequently used. H. § 601. a. <pl- 

poi y sc. 656s. on is repeated after e\eyou to be supplied from the begin- 
ning of the sentence. ev&a .... &ao-i\evs. Cf. N". on II. 4. g 25. «s 

Kapdovxovs. See N. on I. 3. § 5 (end). "The Carduchians are the ancestors 
of the modern Kourds, who have extended themselves along the ridges and 
valleys of Mt. Taurus, from Asia Minor to the neighborhood of Ispahan, and 
who occupy the country named from themselves KourdistanP Eennell. 

16. fiacriXecos ovk aKoveiv (= did not obey). H. § 576; S. § 192; K. 
§ 158. 5. (b). aAAa . . . . nvpLaSas. This sentence is grammatically co- 
ordinate with those which precede and follow. Emphasis is thus given to the 

size and strength of the invading army. t\\v Zvcrx^p^v = ra 6pn. In the 

narrow denies of these rugged mountains a large army would be embarrassed 

in its movements and easily cut to pieces. crQw = rivas acpwv (Mt. § 323. 

b\ nvas being the subject of eTrifiiyvvj/cu, which takes in this place the middle 
signification, to mingle with. C. § 542. 2. itce'ivon/ refers to the Cardu- 
chians. The sense of this passage is, that there was a friendly intercourse 
between the mountaineers and the inhabitants of the plain. 

17# x°°P^ s • • • • eiSeww, apart from those (persons) who said that they knew 

the way in every direction. dLe\&6j/res refers to abrovs (i. e. the Greeks), 

the omitted subject of i^eiu. iroAArjs and evdaifiovos belong to 'Apfieviav, 

but are attracted to the relative clause. S. § 175. 2; H. § 821; C. § 749. 

18. 'Ex! tovtols, i. e. in reference to their contemplated route through the 

Carduchian country. 6ir7]viKa. kg\ BokoIt) rrjs wpas, when it seemed the 

proper time, upas limits oirnviKa, at whatever hour. S. § 187. 3; C. § 540; 
H. § 589. <rvv€<riczva<rfj.evovs is middle in signification. 



342 NOTES. [Book IV. 



BOOK IV. 
CHAPTER I. 

1. ocra is the subject of eVoAe/^^b?. irapapdvros .... Ticca^epyovs, the 

king and Tissaphernes violating the league = in consequence of the violation 
of the league by the king and Tissaphernes. S. § 226 ; H. § 790. c ; K. 
§ 1?6. 1 (b). 

2* ivba = iKelce %v&a. ^avrdiraffiv &iropos, totally impassable. 

a\\a .... e/cpeftaTo, but the Carduchian mountains hung precipitous over the 
very river. iKpcparo, imperf. mid. of Kp^\xdvwyn, as from a theme Kp4{xrtfjn. 
Ainsworth says that this pass of the Tigris is just beyond Jizirah ibu Ulnar 
(see Ns. on III. 4. § 37 ; 5. § 1), where the Carduchian mountains hang pre- 
cipitously over the stream. The hills over which the Greeks made their way 
are from six to seven hundred feet in height. 

3. ruv a\i(TKOix£vwv. S. § 192. !S T . 3 ; H. § 582. 3. el o*i£\&oiev — tju 

&ov\<avrai — Ziafiyaovrai. The conclusion has here two conditions, to the sec- 
ond of which it conforms. ras irrjyas is governed by Siafifaovrai. 

irepuaa has a fut. signif., and hence is connected with hiafSi]o-ovrai. 

4. ajxa ^ev \a&€7v . . . . ra &Kpa, endeavoring both to conceal their move- 
ments and anticipate the enemy in taking jyossession of the mountains. 

5* teal .... neti'iov, and so much of the night remained as that they could 
cross the plain in the dark =just enough for them to cross, &c. Cf. VII. 3. 
§ 22. For Uov {= rocrovrou fore) SieA&e?;/, cf. Mt. §§ 479. Obs. 2. b; 545 ; 

S. § 223. 1 ; H. § 815 ; C. § 858. vKoratovs. See N. on II. 2. § 11. anb 

TrapayytXcreooS) at the word of command. irapdyyeXcris is used of a command 
issued by the general and passed from one to another, when, as in the present 
instance, to give orders by the herald would expose their designs to the 
enemy, cbro has here a causal sense. H. § 623. c. 

6. 7)ye?T0 rod crparevfiaros, led the army as commander. His position was 

also in the front of the army. Xafiwv = with. rb ajj.<p' avrov, the (part 

of the army) about him =. his own men. &v<a Tropsvofxevwv, sc. avr&v, while 

they were ascending the mountains. €/c rod oTria&ep, from behind, in 

the rear. 

7. rb virepfidWov rod crrparevfjiaros, the portion of the army continually 
crossing over, rb virep&dWov (S. § 225. 1 ; H. § 786) is the subject of icpd- 



Chap. L] NOTES. 343 

irero. The sense is, that the divisions of the army, as they successively passed 
over the summit, followed on continually after Chirisophus, who commanded 

the vanguard, and was on his way to the villages. &yKe<ri re KaX fivxols, 

valleys and recesses. "After the summit is gained, the line of hills and cliffs 
gradually recedes from the river Tigris, till suddenly from having a nearly hori- 
zontal stratification, additional beds of rock make their appearance in front of 
the cliffs, dipping nearly vertically to the west, and rising in rude, irregular 
conical summits. The recesses thus left between the hills are in the present 
day the seat of villages, as they were in the time of Xenophon, and the crags 
in front and in the rear bristle with the small and rude rock-forts of the 
Kurds." Ains worth. 

8. viro<peif)6p.evoi .... Kap5o0%o*, sparing them (to see) whether the Cardu- 
chians by some means would be willing. " Of a future event which is yet doubt- 
ful, el is often used elliptically with the omission of ireip<a{jLevos, ckovm. 
When the doubtfulness of the result is to be strongly marked, the optative is 
used of present actions." Cf. Mt. § 526. 

9i ovre Ka\ovvT(av vtt-iikqvov, did not listen to their calling (see X. on III. 
5. § 16) —paid no regard (to the Greeks) when they called to them, i. e. the 
Carduchians. 

10. (Tkotcuoi. See IS", on II. 2. § IT. o\nv r)}V ijucpoy — eyevero =a 

consumed the whole day. rjfiepav. S. § 186. 2 ; H. § 550. a. r6re re- 
sponds to eirel at the commencement of the section. 6\iyoi rives uvres, 

being but few; lit. being some few. ef airpoa^oKrjrov = airpoo-Soicfirovs, 

unexpectedly. rb 'EWvvikov = ol "EWnves. Mt. § 269. 1. 

Hi eKivSvvevvev av dicKp&aprjvai, would have incurred the danger of being 

destroyed. iroXb rod crparevfxaros, much of the army. ev rats Kdofxcus. 

The villages where the Greeks encamped, are found by Ainsworth at or near 

the modern village of Fynyk. 7roAAo, sc. ixepn. <rvvedopwv aWfaovs, 

i. e. the Carduchians communicated with one another by means of fires and 
other signals. In this way the alarm could be rapidly given to great numbers. 
Some erroneously translate the passage as though ol KapSovxoi KaX ol "EAA??- 
yes were the subject of crvve&pow. 

12i rcbv re ... . dvvardbrara, the beasts of burden which were necessary and 
most able, viro&yicav depends upon ra avayKaia and hvvar^rara. S. § 188. 

1; H. § 559. a; K. § 158. 3. R. 1. (c). koI in /cat bvocra corresponds 

with re in r&v re. vewcrrl alx^d^^ra — vewGrl eaXwicora. Kriig. 

13. 2x°* at ' ai/ • • • • nopeiaV) rendered the march slow, retarded the march. 

eirl rovrotSy in charge of these. " With the dat. eirl is put to express 

occupations or employments." Mt. § 586. £ airofjiaxot. See N. on III. 

4. § 22. Ao|aj/ 5e Taura, these things having seemed best or having been 

determined upon. For the construction, cf. S. § 226. a; H. § 792 ; R. § 176. 
3 ; C. ■ § 868. The part. sing, is here joined to the neut. plur., on the same 
principle that the verb is oftentimes so connected. Cf. Mt. § 437. Obs. 3. 



344 NOTES. [Book IV. 

14. iu <rrev$, in a narrow pass. From Fynyk to the heights where is the 
village of Finduk the distance is not more than eight miles, which Ainsworth 
thinks is the extent of this day's march of the Greeks, as they did not start 
from Fynyk until after breakfast. Along the line of road thus traversed, there 
is only one pass adapted for the purpose of scouting, as here related, and that 
is the ravine of the rivulet of Zawiyah, which is deep and narrow, and to 

which there is only one descent on either side. rcov elprj^eyoou, i. e. tovtwv 

$l a<p€?vcu clprjro. So Kriig. fi)) acpU^vov acpvpovvro, they took away from 

the one who had not given it up. For the construction, cf. S. § 185. 1 ; H. 

§ 553; C. § 636; K. § 160. 4. (5). ttX^v el rls (see N. on I. 4. § 9) ri 

e/cAeipej/, sc. ovic iirel&eTo. rfav evirpeirwi/ is the partitive gen. ret, fiiv 

ri ixaxfysvoi, sometimes fighting a little. t& (xkv and ra 5e are synecdochi- 
cal accusatives, as to some things — as to others = now — now. C. § 711. R. 
rl does not belong to ret, jueV, but communicates indefiniteness to juax<£- 

fJLGVOl. 

15. els t\v vcrrepaiay. See N. on I. 7. § 1. x €t l JL ^ J/ ""oAtfs, a great 

storm. "The ascent of the highlands of- Finduk is the very place to expect 
a storm." Ainsworth. 

16. avaxdCovres (= avaxoopovvTts. Suid.) is found in prose only in the 
writings of Xenophon. The deponent is the usual form. Cf. IY. 7. § 10; 
Cyr. YIL 1. § 24. 

IT. &Khore fj.€v ore, at other times when. ore irapeyyvyro, i. e. when 

the word was passed by Xenophon for him (i. e. Chirisophus) to halt. 

r6re 5e, but then, i. e. on the occasion here referred to. on irpay/uid ri 

efy, that there was some trouble. We are told what this irpajfia was in § 20 

infra. icape\&6vTi to the front of the army. rb ctfriov tt)s <nrov8rjs, 

the cause of the haste (object, gen.). d/noia <pvyrjs, similar to a flight. S. 

§ 187. 3. 6iri<r&o<t>v\ati limits iropela. Cf. S. § 201. 5 ; H. § 598. b. 

18. dia/jLirepcs, through and through. A Homeric word. 

19. oxrirep elxev, just as he toas, immediately. aAA' .... /j.dxe<r&cu y but 

(so led them that) they were obliged to flee and fight at the same time ; literally, 
to fight while fleeing. koX vvv dvo k. t. X. The oratio recta is here em- 
ployed. H. § 734. b. ri^varov. The perf. and pluperf. of &vi\<rK(a are 

syncopated in the dual and plural. Cf. Butt. Irreg. Yerbs, p. 126 ; Carmi- 
chael Gr. Yerbs, sub voce. The army in these trying circumstances could ill 
afford to lose two brave men, and hence no wonder that Xenophon, before he 
had learnt the cause, was disposed to censure Chirisophus for not halting when 
the word was passed to him that the rear was attacked. 

20. B\4\pov .... V8e, cast your eyes upon the mountains, said he, and see. 
fiAtyoj/ has reference to the mere act of seeing, ?Se to the actual perception of 

the object. For the imperat. aor. see N. on II. 1. § 17. €<f>7} after airoKpi- 

vercu is in a manner pleonastic. fxia .... op&ia, this which you see is Uve 

only way (being) steep, Kriig. translates eKfiaeiv, exitum in reference to 



Chap. I.] NOTES. 345 

the valleys and recesses in which it is said (§ *l supra) the Greeks were in- 
closed. But Hutch., Sturz., Born., and Pop. interpret it, aditum ad montis 
jugurn. At the entrance of this pass, which Chirisophus had endeavored to 
reach before the enemy, there is now a ferry and villages on either side of the 
river known as Kulak. By taking possession of overhanging eminences and 
engaging in several separate conflicts, the Greeks eventually forced their way 
through, and reached houses filled with abundance of provisions (2. § 22). 

21. Tadra, i. e. 81a radra. Cf. Mt. g 470. 7 ; C. § 632. 3. e? Trees 5v- 

va(/j.7}v } (trying) if hi some way I might be able. For the ellipsis of some such 
word as Tretpv/Aevos with e«, see X. on § 8 supra. 

22. i)fjuv TTpa.yiAa.Ta irap^xou. See X. on I. 1. § 11. oVep .... e7roi?;cre, 

which also enabled us to take breath. avrov rovrov eVe/cez/, for this very 

purpose, rovrov refers to ottws .... xpVO'ai/Ae^a. Dhid., Born., Pop., and 
Kriig., after Schneid., adopt the reading xpW"^e£-a. But that the common 
reading xpWvfAe&a is defensible, cf. Butt. p. 375. E. 1; Mt. § 519; Rost, 
§ 122. II. X. 4; S. § 214. X. 1. 

23* ouk €(pr], denied that he knew of any other road. Cf. X. on ovtc e<£a- 

<rav 9 I. 3. § 1. Kal fiaXa. See X. on I. 5. § 8. opcovros rod erepov, 

the other seeing =. in sight of the other. 

24. 'O 5e \onrbs — but the second; lit. the one left alive. Trap* cu/dpl 

iKdedofxevri, with a man (to whom) she had been given (in marriage) = married 

to a man there. avrbs .... SBov, and he said that he himself would lead 

them, in a road that teas passable for even beasts of burden. For avrbs with 

the infinit. see S. § 222. c ; H. § 7"75. b. vTro(vyiots limits Swarfa. S. 

§ 206. 5 ; H. § 600. 4. Tropeveoftai depends on Bvvar^v and has inrofrylois 

for its expressed subject. 68bv depends on Tjyrjcraa^ai. C. § 630. 

25. Svo-wdpiToit, difficult to pass. o depends upon Trape\&e?v. S. g 163. 

2. rls. Cf. X. on II. 3. g 23. 

2§. ireXraaras is here used as an adjective in agreement with Aoxayovs. 

ru>v ottXitwv, some of the heavy-armed. Cf. S. g 188. 1 ; K. g 158. 3. 

R. 1. ra Trapovra, the present state of affairs. vTrocrras i&e\oj/T'i)s, 

having offered himself as a volunteer. 

27. kol olros. Cf. I. 10. g 18; II. 6. g 30. 5 E7<£ ydp, e<J>7], oT5o 

k. r. A. Xotice the change to the oratio recta. See X. on g 19 supra ; cf. I. 
3. g 14. 

28. rwv yvfAviircav would have been joined in the same construction with 
twv piev ottKltwv in g 27, but the writer having paused to notice the noble 
strife between the captains of the heavy-armed, resumes the narration with a 
somewhat different construction. 

15* 



346 NOTES. [Book IV. 



CHAPTER II. 

It ol $*, i. e. Chirisophus and Xenophon. cvj/ri^vrai, they (i. e. the 

generals) arrange with them (i. e. Aristonymus and his associates). This verb, 
from the idea of command contained in it, is followed by the infinitives <pv\ir* 

reiVy <T7ifj,aij/eiy 9 and Uvai. tV vvktgl qualifies (pvKarrsiv. H. § 550. a; 

S. § 186. 2. robs jueV, i.e. Aristonymus, Agasias, etc. &v<a ovras, 

being above, i. e. having reached the eminence spoken of, § 25 of the preced- 
ing chapter. rrjy cpavepav %K$a(riv. Cf. IV. 1. § 20. avroi 5e refers 

to the generals. See N. on 1. § 24. 

2. irX^os, in number. S. § 182; H. § 549. b; C. § 637; K. § 150. 3. 

(7). vdwp — e| ovpavov, rain; literally, water from heaven (i. e. the clouds). 

Cf. the Lat. ccelestis aqua. eKfiacrw in reference to the escape of the 

Greeks from their dangerous position. oirws .... TrepuSvres, in order that 

the enemy might hern their attention that way, and that those going around 
might escape (their) notice as much as possible. 

3t inl xa/>«5pa. Cf. III. 4. § 1. The common reading is x a P^P av i 7 et 
the dat. is the more usual construction, and has in this place the approbation 

of the best critics. %v . . . . tufiaiveiv, which it ivas necessary for them to 

cross in order to go forth to the ascent (lit. the steep place). 6\oirp6xovs. 

Suid. defines dAoirpSxovs, crrpoyyvXovs, Hesych. (rrpoyyv\ovs \ifrovs. 

a/xa^iaiovs, suitable for a wagon, i. e. very large. fi*i£ovs Kal ixdrrovs 

than the stones just mentioned. irpbs ras irirpas Trraioj/Tes, dashing 

against the rocks. dieo-QevdovcavTO, leaped about in every direction. Hutch. 

renders, " tanquam e funda contorquebantur." The word happily expresses 
the impetuosity and force with which the splintered fragments of these rocks 
were hurled about in their descent to the valley below. — — ovde ir^xdaai 6i6v 
r l\v t?7 tlcrSticx), nor was it possible to approach the entrance. S. § 223. 1 ; 
K. § 814; C. § 858; K. § 182. R. 3. 

4t €t . . . . Svvaivro (sc. TreXacai), when they were unable to proceed this 
way. " When ec accompanies an action often repeated in past time, it takes 
an optat. like the proper particles of time followed by the imperf. or aor. in- 
die." Mt. § 524. 5 ; cf. N. on I. 5. § 2. iiroiovy. Cf. S. § 211. N. 10; 

H. § 701 ; K. § 152. R. 4. (c). f**XP l o~k6tos, until dark. (pofiov/nevoi 

STjXoy on. These words have been added from the Paris and Eton MSS. by 
Schneid., and after him by Dind. and Born., but are regarded as suspicious by 

Zeune, Kriig., Pop., and some other respectable critics. i'lravo'avro . . . . 

Xl&ovs. Kriig. reads aveTravcai'To, followed by a comma, and gives as the 
sense: ne somnum quidem ceperunt, per totam noctem lapides devolventes. 
But this erroneously makes the deprivation of sleep in the Carduchian army 
the main object of attention to the reader, whereas, the simple idea intended 



Chap. IL] NOTES. 347 

to be conveyed is the uninterrupted descent of stones during the whole night. 
For the construction of tTvavvavro — tcvXivdovvres, see S. § 225. 7 ; H. § 798 ; 
K. § 175. 1. (e). aveiravcravTo is never found in construction with the par- 
ticiple. t<£ tyocpco is dat. of means. 

5t O/ 5', i. e. the party under Aristonymus, &c. &s rb &Kpov Kari- 

X<>vt€s, supposing that they had possession of the height, i. e. the eminence 
6poken of, 1. § 25. For the use of cos, de re sperata, cf. N. on I. 1. § 10. 

6» 7rap' oV, near which. €(/>' fj, where, y refers to odbs going before. 

iKa^rjuro, were sitting. Cf. S. § 133. K; H. §406. 2; C. § 309. 4. 

avro&ev, from that place, i. e. where the Greek detachment was passing the 
night. 

7. &crre .... Trpo(T€\&6i'TGs, so that unperceived they came close to them. 

iirecpbey^aro, " ad aggrediendum sonavit" Krug. The vulgar reading 

is £<p&€y£aro, which Pop. supports on the ground that iire^ey^aro is opposed 
to the usus loquendi of Xenophon, and that the idea insonandi ad aliquid does 

not suit in this place. Uuro. Cf. N. on I. 5. § 8. cpcvyovres h\iyoi 

aTr&wqvKov, few while fleeing were killed, bxiyoi is in apposition with ol 5\ 

Cf. N. on &101, II. 4. § 1. yap in the next clause introduces the reason 

why the Greeks succeeded in killing but few of the enemy. 

8. Ol 5* aix(p\ Xeipi<ro<pov, but Chirisophns and those with him. fevro 

.... odov, went up in the plain way. Opposed to Kara r)\v (pavepav odbv is 

Kara arpifius odovs, in unfrequented paths ; as we say, in by-paths. avi~ 

fiwv .... Sopacrt, they drew up one another with their pikes. avifjLcav (from 
fytas, a thong or leather strap) signifies to draw up (= clvsiXkov. Suid.) with a 
cord, as water from a well. The word in this place finely expresses the steep- 
ness of the ascent, the soldiers above drawing up with their spear-handles those 
below, in some respects as a bucket of water is drawn up from a well. 

9# Kal outoi, i. e. those who Kara arpifisTs 6dobs iTropevovro. ^x <av T ® v 

b-XHT&otpvKaKtov robs rj/jLiceis = robs 6irio~&o(pv\aKas robs 7}fiicr€is (cf. Mt. § 442. 

1), having half the rear guard. See N. on I. 9. § 26. iwopevero ynep ol 

rbv riyefxoi/a tr^oi/res, proceeded the same way as those having the guide; i. e. 
the detachment spoken of, § 1. evodcordrt] yap fy, sc. 65os. 

10, Kal .... #AAoi, but these (i. e. the part of the army led by Xenophon) 
would have marched the same way which the others had taken. u The use of 
au in past actions to express ability, is founded on a suppressed condition." 

Mt. § 599. 2. b. Cf. also S. § 215. 3 ; H. § 752 ; Goodwin, § 52. 1. aKKy 

fy ravry, any other way than this, viz. the way under the hill possessed by the 
barbarians. For the construction, cf. S. § 159. 1 ; H. § 586. a; C. § 672. 

11. op&iois ro?s \6xois, "rectis ordinibus." Kriig. " ita ut lochi singuli 
procederent, non latam frontem facer ent." Weiske. The expression bpSiois 
answers to our military term, in columns, i. e. a body of troops drawn up, with 
the divisions so arranged behind one another as to present a narrow front to 

. the enemy. Accordingly as the intervals between the divisions are compressed 



34:8 NOTES. [Book IV. 

or extended, the column is said to be in close or open order. ob kv/cA«, 

i. e. not entirely surrounding the hill, as that would have rendered the enemy 
desperate. 

12. Tews, as long as. otttj idvvavro cKacrros, where they each could. 

€Kao-ros is in partitive apposition with the omitted subject of idvuavro. S. 

§ 150. N. 3 ; H. § 514. b. iyyvs 8* ob irpoo-ievro = but they did not wait 

for the Greeks to approach very near them. KaT€%o^vov by the Cardu- 

chians. av&i s, forthwith. 

13. 'Evvo'fjo'as — pf}, Cf. N". on III. 5. § 3. rov tjAodkSto. \6<pov, the 

hill which had been taken. Cf. S. § 207. N. 2 ; H. § 408. 12. inl iroKv 

.... iropevofAeva, for the beasts of burden formed a long line, inasmuch as they 
were passing along a narrow ivay. iirl iroAv, u in longum explicata." Sturz. 
are (i. e. a, re) — iropevo/aeva. S. § 226. a ; H. § 795. d. 

14» iroXv op&KtiTaros, by far the steepest. Steph. conjectures dp&i&repos $, 
on the ground that the eminence, at the foot of which the Carduchians were 
surprised (cf. §§6, 7), was already taken by the Greeks. But a reference to 
those sections will show that the barbarians were only said to be driven from 

the open road, and not from the eminence. 6 \nr\p ttjs .... <pv\aKris, 

the one above the guard which had been surprised at the fire. See § 5 
supra. 

15. lysvovro at "EWrjj/es. The common reading is l\yov (sc. tV crrpariai/) 

ol "EWrjves, which Mt. (§ 496. 1) approves. ^avfjiacrrbv irao-i, wonderful to 

all. virdnrrevsv, sc. irdi/res elicited from the preceding iracri. The order 

is u7r^7TT€U€y avrovs hiroXnteLV fieiffavres fx^j KVKXw&evTes. Oi 8e &pa — 

Ka&opaJvTes, but they then looking down. &pa introduces an explanation of the 

abandonment of their position by the enemy, and is here = the fact was. 

ra ftmcr&ev yiyvo^va refers to what is detailed in § 17 infra. 

16. virdyeiv. See N. on III. 4. § 48. iu t$ 6fxa\§, sc. X w pWi ^ n a 

level place, where they could be drawn up. &4a&ai ra forAa. See N. on 

I. 5. § 14. 

IT. re^vacri. Cf. N. on 1. § 19. Kal &AAof, and others. Kara ttjs 

TreVpas, down from the rock. 

18. €71-' avTiiropov \6<pov. This seems to have been the second hill spoken 

of, § 12 (end). — t£ patrrQ, i.e. the elevation which Xenophon ascended 

avv rois vecardrois (§ 16). fxaar^ limits avriiropov. S. § 196. 1. 

19. icj? | (=iir\ Toiry &s. Butt. § 150. p. 440; H. § 813; C. § 858; 
Goodwin, § 99), on condition that. — — Kaieiv. S. § 223. 1; H. § 813 ; R. 

§ 186. R. 3, — r- eV §. Cf. N, on I. 10. § 10. &X\o (rrpdrev/jia refers to 

the division of the heavy-armed, who marched in the rear to protect the bag- 
gage. See § 9 supra. ol 5e refers to Xenophon and his company who 

were parleying with the enemy. irdpres . . . , iroAcfjuoi. The text follows 

the reading adopted by Bind, and Born. But Pop., Kriig., and Long edit 
irdtnes ol, the reading of the MSS., and place a full stop after o-vveppvr)<Taj/ 9 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 349 

which perhaps gives a better solution of the passage. Born, places a comma 
after both irdyres and avveppv-qaav. 

20. ijpliavTo, i. e. the Greeks with Xenophon. &*Aovs .... zkzivto re- 
fers to those who were drawn up eV tw buaXcc, §16. The same band is 

referred to in rovs avvrerayixivovs, §21 infra. ej/&a> where. Kare- 

a|ei>, aor. act. of Kardyvv^u. On the augment, see S. § 93. 1; H. § 312. 

%X&v tV acnriSa aireXiirev, having his shield (i. e. carrying off his shield) left 
him. Perhaps from apprehension of no attack, he had gone to some other 
part of the army, but it is, however, more natural to refer his absence to fear, 
inspired by the sudden assault of the enemy. 

21. irpb aixcpoiv Trpo^€^\7]fx4i/os, holding (his shield) before them both. Cf. 
I. 2. § 17. 

22. ttclv .... 'EKkriviKov, i. e. Chirisophus and Xenophon reunited their 

forces. iv constructed with iirirvBeioLs is to be taken in the sense of in 

the midst of. Xolkkols Koviaroh, plastered cisterns. This shows the great 

abundance of the wine. 

23. dieirpd^avTO were, brought about that. irdvra 4iroif]crav ro7s cbro&a- 

vovciv, i. e. they buried them with all military honors. e/c t&v dwaruv, 

according to their ability. tienrep j/opLi^rai (sc. iroieiv from the preceding 

member), as is customarily done. 

21. For the construction of fan efy, cf. Mt. § 527. 2; S. § 217. 1; E. 

§ 758. 7rpoKaTa\a/j.pdi/oj'TGS, preoccupying it. This participle and fiaxd^e- 

voi denote the means. iKukvou. The imperf. is here used of an attempted 

action. ras irapoBovs, their passing along ; a secondary signification of 

the word. 

25. SirSre — KcoXvoiev. Cf. X. on iirel ris fiuoKOi, I. 5. § 2. robs irpca- 

touSj the van of the army. eAue rty awScppa^iu rrjs irapSSov, removed the 

obstruction of the way, i. e. drove the barbarians from the passes, where they 

had posted themselves in order to obstruct the march. rdis irpdrois. S. 

§ 202. 1 ; H. § 595. a. ireiptifxevos avcorepa) yiyvevbou, endeavoring to be 

above, i. e. to ascend some eminence which commanded the pass occupied by 
the enemy. In the next verse we find that Chirisophus in like manner as- 
sisted the rear, when they were pressed by the enemy. twv KvKvovrwy. 

S. § 198. 1; H. § 585; C. § 522. 

26. ifiori&Tio'av aAA^Aois, they furnished aid to one another. S. § 201. 
1 ; H. § 595. b. laxvpoos .... iirefxiXovTo, were very attentive in render- 
ing assistance to one another. Cf. S. § 193; H. § 576; C. § 558. 5; K. 
§ 158. 6. I. (b). 

27. *Hv — Snore, sometimes. Cf. Xs. on I. 5. § 7 ; II. 6. § 9. ical, 

also. avroTs limits irap^xou. ware tcai iyyv^ev (jyevyovres enrocpevysu/, 

so as to escape when fleeing from (a point) even near (at hand), iyyv&ev, 
i. e. e£ oAiyov, u cui oppositum est 4k 7roAAou." Kriig. Cf. 4k irXeovos, I. 10. 
§ 11. The idea is, that the Carduchians were so agile that they could ap- 



350 NOTES. [Book IV. 

proach very near to the Greeks for the purpose of annoying them, and yet 
easily escape, although having very little the start of their pursuers. 

28. eyyvs rpLir^xVy well nigh three cubits long. Cf. VII. 8. § 18. 

irpbs rb Karco k. t. A. This passage has puzzled critics not a little. Hutch, 
reads irpo&aivovTss and interprets, "nervos cum sagittas missuri essent, ad 
imam arcus partem adducebant, sinistrum pedem promoventesP But this po- 
sition is so usual for archers when about to discharge their arrows, that we 
can hardly suppose Xenophon would gravely tell his countrymen that such 
was the posture of the Carduchians. Besides, if irpbs .... to£ov is connected 
with any thing in the sentence, it must be with irpocrfraivovTes, and not, as 
Hutch, and Belfour suppose, with €l\koj/ ras vsvpas, which seems to make no 
conceivable sense. The various solutions given to the passage, by Leun., 
Amas., Brod., Weiske, &c, are all unsatisfactory. Schneider's interpretation 
seems to be the best of any yet given, and is cited approvingly by Born., Pop., 
and Kriig. " Difficultatem omnem facile explicabit si mecum et cum inter- 
prete germanico, Halbkart, statuas arcum affixuni fuisse fusti canaliculato, 
qualem medium aevum arcubalistam vocabat, unde Gallicum arbalete originem 
duxit, quod telum Armbrust appellare solemus. Retinaculum retinet nervum 
summa cum vi tensum ; impulsum vero manu ejaculatur telum canali imposi- 
tum. Ita apparet quomodo nervus summa cum vi, pede sinistro arcui imo 
imposito, adductus retineri potuerit in arcu sublato." A very convenient way 
of fitting the arrow to the arbalist or cross-bow, would be to place the left foot 
upon the bow where it was joined to the stock, and with both hands to draw 
the string home to the notch, at the head of the groove in which lay the arrow. 

ixp&vro clvtois — aitoi/riots, used them (i. e. the arrows) for darts. XP*°" 

ficu is here followed by two datives. See N. on iria-roTdrots, I. 4. § 15. 

ivayKvAwyres, fixing the ayKvXr] upon them. Yates (Smith's Diet. Gr. and 
Rom. Antiq. p. 50) shows conclusively that the ay/cvAn must have been differ- 
ent from the amentum or leather thong fastened to the lance. It was proba- 
bly, as its name imports, something crooked or curved, which was fixed to the 
middle of the shaft as a rest for the hand, when with the aid of the amentum 
it was about to launch the spear. 



CHAPTER III. 

1* virep rod 7r€&iov, over the plain. KevTpirnv. This river separates 

the country of the Carduchians from Armenia. It is now called Buhtan-chai. 
Layard thinks that the Greeks attempted to cross the river at Tilleh or Til, but, 
as Xenophon relates, found a more practicable ford higher up. Ainsworth 
finds the place where the first attempt was made to ford the river, higher up 
than Tilleh, where it is hemmed in by low hills, and the actual crossing-place 



Chap. III.] NOTES. 351 

a little above these hills. os 6pi(et, which bounds. opeW. Cf. N. on 

I. 2. § 21. twv KapSovxow is to be taken with tu>j/ opeW, from "which it is 

separated, either to avoid the termination cav in so many successive -words, or 
for the sake of a rhythmical ending of the sentence. 

2* /j.d\a ^5eW, very gladly. iroKKa .... fivv/jLovevovres. Cf. Cic. de 

pin. Lib. II. 32. " Jucundi acti labores." "Sua vis laborum est prasteri- 

torum memoria." A similar sentiment is found in Virg. iEn. I. 201-3 : 

u revocate animos, moestumque timorem 

Mittite ; forsan et haec olim meminisse juvabit." 

'Eirra yap y fie pas. If we make the first of these days embrace the events de- 
tailed, IV. 1. §§ 4-11 ; the second, IV. 1. §§ 12-14; the third, IV. 1. § 15. 
— 2. § Y ; the fourth, IV. 2, §§ 8-23 ; the fifth, IV. 2. §§ 24-28, there will be 
wanting two days, which Rennell supplies from the time given to rest, IV. 2. 
§§ 22-23. But Kriig. more correctly supposes three days to have been con- 
sumed in what is narrated IV. 2. §§ 24-27, the writer having omitted to men- 
tion the particular events of each day. oaa .... Tico-acpepvovs, more than 

all the evils put together which they had suffered from the king and Tissa- 
phernes ; literally, as many evils as were not all (i.e. as all did not equal 

which they had suffered) from the king, &c. rfiews iKoifxi^crav. They 

little knew what dreadful sufferings awaited them in the snows of Armenia. 

3. 0%3-ais ; literally, banks of a river. Here it designates the eminences 

pertaining to the Centrites, yet some distance from the stream. Cf. § 5. 

6.VO) tuv lirircccy, above the cavalry. This explains more definitely the locality 
of these foot forces. 

5* airb rod irora/xov airtixov. Cf. S. § 223. xe*po7roi77ros, artificial; 

literally, made with the hand. 

€• virtp rwv /JLacTTwu, above their breasts. rpaxvs .... 6\t(r^T]po7s, the 

river (i. e. its bed) teas rough with large and slippery stones. el 8e fji-fj, 

otherwise, i. e. if they attempted to hold their shields in the water. Cf. Butt. 

§ 151. IV. 7; C. § 901. 6 ; H. § 753. a. yvfxvoi in reference to the shield, 

i. e. unprotected, exposed. r\s is collective, and hence is referred to, as in 

I. 4. § 8 (on which see N.), by the plur. avrov, there, in that very 

place. 

7. 'Ev&a .... ^aav, but where they had been the preceding night. Cf. K 

on ^\vav, I. 1. § 6. Notice the anaphora in 6pw<rt fxhv — op&ai 8e — bp&ai Se. 

tt)v Bvoriropiav, the difficulty of passing. opwci .... oTricr&ev, and saw 

the Carduchians behind waiting to attack them when they had crossed over. 

8. eV -iretiais SeSeVdcu, to have been bound in fetters. avrai 8e. Supply 

e5o|az/ (they seemed) from the preceding clause. avrofxaroi irepippvrjMi, to 

fall from him of their own accord. The 2 aor. pass, of pe'co is used by the 
Attics in an act. signif. Cf. Butt. § 114. P; Sophocles, Gr. Verbs, p. 229. 



352 NOTES. [Book IV. 

The word is here tropically applied to the parting asunder and falling off of 
fetters, to express the ease and suddenness of the act, as it appeared in the 

dream. dia&aiveiv, " divaricatis pedibus stare." Born. The word happily 

expresses the long and irregular strides with which a prisoner, in the first mo- 
ments of his freedom, assures himself that he is really free from the chains 
which have so long restrained his movements. — — iXirldas e^ef Ka\us €<recr&ai, 
he had hopes that all ivould be well. Adverbs sometimes follow dpi and other 
such verbs in the predicate. Cf. Mt. § 809. c. 

9. o>s Tdxicra ecus viricponvev^ " quam primum aurora illucere coepisset." 
Porson. ws rdxiffra in the sense of as soon as, is usually disjoined by one or 
more words. iirl rod irp&Tov, sc. lepeiov, which is added, VI. 3. § 2. 

10. irpoffirpexw $vo ysayiCKW, two young men came running to. This 

union of the plural and dual numbers is not uncommon. C. § 503. ejefrj 

avrcp, any one might go to him. eiireiy .... ttoXcjulov, to communicate 

whatever intelligence he might have respecting matters pertaining to the war. 

11. Kol rore, and then, i. e. on the occasion here referred to. 6Vt 

.... irvp, that they happened to be gathering brushwood for the fire. iv r$ 

irdpay, on the other side. Ka&rjKoixrais .... irora/nou, extending down to the 

very river. Cf. S. § 160. a; H. § 669 ; C. § 732 ; K. § 169. R. 1. 

12. ovdh .... rovro, for this place could not be approached by the enemy* s 

horse, on account of the rocks Ka&rjKoiHrais in* avrbv rov irorafxSy. iicdvi/- 

res, putting off, sc. their clothes. &s vevcrovfxevoi, supposing that they 

would have to swiyn across. Cf. N. on &s, I. 1. § 10. yevaovfjicvoi is the Dor. 
fut. mid. of vioo, a form which in some verbs is employed by the Attics. Cf. 

Mt. § 183. Obs. 3; S. § 109. N. 1 ; H. § 377. 4 (end); C. § 326. 3. 

iropevofjievoi to cross over. /3pe£ai, aor. infin. of j3/?ex&>. iraXiy TJ/cew, 

had come back. Cf. S. § 211. N. 5; H. § 698; K. § 152. 4 ; C. § 806. e. 

13. ecnrevde, sc. oivov. ro7s j/eavicrKOis zyx 6 w e/ceAeutre, he ordered the 

young men to pour out wine into the cup. Some with less propriety render : 

he ordered (his attendants) to pour (into the cup) for the young men. For 

the construction of evxeoftcu — £-eo?s, cf. C. § 576. 

14. rovs re Q[ATTpocr&€v, i. e. the army of Orontas and Artuchus. Cf. § 4. 
rwv fiirur&ev refers to the Carduchians. 

15. 7}y eioftai, lead the way, take the lead. diafiatj/eLv. The pres. infin. 

is here used, because the passage of the army is regarded in the aspect of a 
continual crossing over of its parts, while the aor. infin. dia^vai (§ 12) indi- 
cates the mere act of passing the river without reference to its continuance or 
repetition. Cf. Butt. § 137. 5; S. § 211. 1. 6 ; H. § 695; C. §§ 792. 1; 
797(a); K. § 152. 12. 

16. 9 E7rel .... elxey, when these things (i. e. the disposition of the troops 
and the baggage) were well arranged. tjjovj/to as guides. odbs == dis- 
tance. 

IT. ayrnrapyecav, marched along on the opposite shore, in order to inter- 



Chap. III.] NOTES. 353 

cept the passage of the Greeks if they should attempt it higher up. e&ev- 

to ra '6ir\a. See X. on I. 5. § 14. airodvs of his outer garments. 

TrafrfiyyeAXz. Supply from the preceding clause airobvvras Aafx(3dv€u/ to, oirXa. 
bp&iovs. Of. X. on 2. § 11. 

18. iacbayia&vro ds rhv irora/xSv. Sacrifices were frequently offered to 
the divinities supposed to inhabit rivers. Sometimes the animals were slain 
during the passage of the stream. Alexander is said to have sacrificed, in the 
middle of the Hellespont, a bull to Neptune and the Nereids. The Trojans 
offered bulls and horses to the Scamander. Cf. Horn. II. XXI. 130. See also 
Herod. YII. 113. For the use of ek, cf. N. on els acnriSa, II. 2. § 9. 

20. M . . . . 6pr] 9 to the ford opposite the way leading to the Armenian 

mountains. Cf. § 5 supra. irpocriroLov^vos. See N. on I. 3. § 14. 

rods .... iinr€?s. These horsemen had gone up the river to oppose the pas- 
sage of the Greeks (§ 17), but when they saw Xenophon hastening back to the 
principal ford of the river, supposing it was done with the intention of crossing 
over and cutting them off from the main army, which was stationed upon the 
eminences (§ 3), they returned with all speed, and thus enabled Chirisophus 
and his men to pass over without molestation. 

22. Avklos. Cf. III. 3. § 30. fiij aTro\€'nre(r&ai, that they (i. e. Lycius 

and his party) must not be left behind = must not give up the pursuit. These 
encouraging shouts were not lost upon Lycius and his company, as many be 
seen, § 25. 

23. svdvs .... e{e/3cuj/ey, but forthwith both proceeded along (Kara) up the 

high banks extending to the river. irpo<T7)Kovo~as ox&as corresponds to 

irerpais KafrrjKovcrais, §11. robs a"vco, i. e. the infantry drawn up on the 

banks above the enemy's horse, § 3. 

2-4. tV rax'urTTiv. " Sine odbi/ est cclerrime." Kriig. 

25. ra face = ra. &Kpa, § 23. iirixeip'fjcras GTriBico^ai, continuing the 

pursuit. 

26. aKfx^v StePawe, were just passing over = in the very acme of crossing. 

a/tytV is the adv. accus. Kar ivoifxorias. Cf. III. 4. § 22. irap* aairi- 

das .... QaXayyos, having extended each company to the left in the form of a 
phalanx, i. e. in a line fronting the enemy, without any space between the 
ranks. 7rap' acnriSas, to the left, the shield being on the left arm. So i-irl 86pv 

(§ 29 infra), to the right, the spear being in the right hand. npbs rwv Kap- 

Soux w ^> facing the Carduchians. Karacrr^cac^ai, to stand, to station 

themselves. This intransitive use of the aor. mid. of 'la-rri^i is rare, its sense 
being almost invariably transitive. Cf. Butt. Irreg. Verbs, p. 135 ; Sophocles, 
Gr. Yerbs, p. 165. irpbs rov irorafj.ov. Cf. N. on II. 2. § 4. 

27. rov ox^ov depends on y\ii\ov}i4vovs (cf. I. 10. § 13), diminished (in 

number) by the camp followers having now crossed the river. bxiyovs 

¥i§t) (paivofxevovs, appearing now (comparatively) few. (pMs rivas, certain 

(war) songs. 



354 NOTES. [Book IV. 

28. tiiafialvovras, i. e. on the point of crossing over. avroi, i. e. Xeno- 

phon and the rear guard. ivavrlovs .... diafiyo'ofievovs, they should de- 
scend (into the river) on each side {%v&tv kcl\ cvfrev) opposite to them (i. e. 
Xenophon and his men), as if designing to cross over, ivavrtovs — <r<pcov. S. 

§ 198 ; H. § 587. f. 8i7]yKv\t<rfA€i/ovs, holding the javelin by the thong in 

readiness to throw. See N. on IV. 2. § 28. This participle is the perf. mid. 

See Butt. § 136. 3. iirifePXTifjLej/ovs (perf. mid.), having their arrows 

on the string, i. e. being prepared for action. ^ . . . . irpofiaiveiv, but not 

to advance far into the river. Cf. § 540. 

29* a<rirls tyocpfi, the shield should ring, with the stones, darts, etc., thrown 
against it by the enemy == should be within reach of their missiles. Hutch. 
renders acrcrls tyocpfi, " cum scuta pulsata (by the Greeks as a signal for the 
charge) sonar ent." So Weiske, Zeune, and Sturz. But this interpretation 
does not so well accord with o-fcj/dSi/r] iiziKvrjTcu, and is rejected by Born., 
Pop., and Kriig. 

30t robs \oiirovs. Schneid. supplies robs 6irto-&o<}>v\aKas from § 27. 

tpXpVTO .... viro^vyiwv, had gone away, some to take care of their beasts of 

fairden. 4x ovro nas nere tne force of the pluperf. Cf. N. on I. 4. § 8. 

ivrav&a 8?) is used, as though iirel idopwv, instead of bpwvrss, had preceded. 
So Kriig. 

33* kcl\ ... . <f>€vyoj/T€s, even when the Greeks were on the other side (of the 
river), were seen still to flee. 

34. Ol Se viravr-fja-avres, i. e. the troops sent by Chirisophus. Cf. § 27 

supra.— irpocrwrepcp rod icaipov, farther than was proper ; lit. further than 

the occasion (demanded). 



CHAPTER IV. 

1. \elovs, gently rising, i. e. not steep or uneven. Kriig. following Morus 
interprets, non asperos virgultis aut lapidibus. irpbs = carried on against. 

2. Els Se . . . . %v, but the village into which they came was both large. 
" This spot, by the distance given, would appear to correspond with the town 
now calied Sa'art or Se'ert." Ainsworth. Kcafnjv here stands for k^/xtj, and is 

attracted by, and put after, its relative. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 1. fiatriteiov 

eTxe tw carpdirrj, contained a palace for the satrap (i. e. Orontas). For the 

dat., see S. § 201. 1; H. § 597. 1. rvpveis. Probably the houses were 

turreted as a defence against the Carduchians. 

3* vTrepy}\&€v, they passed over. rod TlyprjTos irorafMOv. Not the Tigris 

proper, but the eastern branch called Arzen. Tr)\€^6av. This river is 

doubtless the Kara-su, and the place where the Greeks crossed the stream is 
found by Col. Chesney at the village of Arisban near Mushu Layard makes 



Chap. IV. j NOTES. 355 

the Teleboas to be the river of Bitlis, but the best authorities are against this 
view. irepl rbv irora^ou, around (i. e. on both banks of) the river. 

4. roiros, region. 'Apfiepla .... ia"irepay. This was the western sec- 
tion of Armenia Major, separated from Armenia Minor by the Euphrates. 

77 TTpbs icnrepav, that (lying) towards the west = western. C. § 692. 2. 

av£&QLX\ev = avefiiPa&v. Cf. Cyr. VII. 1. § 38. 

6* ecp* §. Cf. N. on 2. § 19. avrbs — a5iKe?v. Cf. NT. on avrbs a-rrie- 

vai, II. 2. § 1. iKtlvovs does not refer to the subject of the principal verb, 
and hence is put in the accusative. fi-ffre — re. Cf. N. on II. 2. § 8. 

0. iep€?a. The Greeks called any animal they slaughtered for food Upziov, 

because a part was always burnt on the altar. Twy §€ airocncedawv/jLeifav 

rwis, some of those who had straggled aicay. 

10. In the common editions, a full stop is put after crpdrev/xa, and thus 
ird\iv is made to commence the subsequent sentence. But after Holz., the 
best editors place the period after ird\iv. Adverbs are often found at the close 

of a sentence, especially when emphatic. dia&pid&iv, to clear up. Some 

interpret it, to encamp in the open air, sub dio agere. 

11. vvKrepsvovrwv 5* avrwv, while they were passing the night. okvos 

—hriarwrbau Cf. S. § 222. 6; H. § 767; C. § 849. (b); K. § 172. 3. 

aKeewbv (sc. X9W a ) • • • • irapapfoeirj. The idea is, that the snow served as a 
warm covering to those upon whom it lay undisturbed as it fell. 

12. ir6\fi'na'e, dared, i. e. had the courage and energy to do the thing here 

spoken of. iiceivov a<pe\6p.svos, sc. r\\v a^ii/7jy. Cf. S. § 184. N. 2 ; H. 

§ 580. a. 

13. ixpiovTo, "ut artus frigore torpentes redderentur agiles." Zeun. 

c/e twv iTLKpwu, sc. afivyBd\<tiv. s Ek 8e rwv avrSov, sc. repefiiv&ow. 

14» ore to irp6r€pov airrjeo-ai' refers to what is said, § 10 supra. virb 

r?]s alfrpias, in the open air. The Paris and Eton MSS. read virb arao&aAias, 
ob stultam petulantiam. 

15. 'Evrevdei/ = e/c rovrov, then, after this. frvfipas dovres, having 

given (him) men as attendants or followers. ra ovra k. r. A., things being 

as being, and things not being as not being == the truth exactly as it was. ra 
fril vvra = if a thing was not, and hence the negative yA\. 

IT. irodairbs eft/, of what counting he was (cf. S. § 76. 1), is the accus. of 

the thing after ipoorc&ixevos. S. § 177. 3 ; H. § 553. a; C. § 636. rb 

<rrpdrevjj.a is the accus. after Tjpdrow (S. 184. 1 ; H. § 553), being proleptically 
drawn from its position in the dependent clause. H. § 726. 6ir6crov .... crvve- 

Xeyfjiivoj/ is a subst. sentence in explanatory apposition with a-rpdrevfxa. 

M rivi <ruveL\ey/jLei/oi/, for what purpose it had been collected. 

18. efy ex&u/, was having = had. C. § 867. II; H. § 788; S. § 89. 1. 

XaAv&as. If, as Strabo asserts, the Chalybes of his time had changed 

their name to that of Chaldaei, these mercenaries of Teribazus are probably the 
same people who are called XaA$a?oi, 3. § 4. Cf. 5. § 34; 7. § 15. Rennell 



356 NOTES. [Book IY. 

says that the name Chalybians here appears to be a mistake, the Chaldaeans 
being certainly intended. However this may be, these people are not to be 
confounded with those of the same name, mentioned, Y. 5. § 1, who are rep- 
resented as few in number and subject to the Mosynceci. Ta6xovs. Cf. 7. 

§ 1 ; Y. 5. § 17. yTrcp fxovaxh efy iropeia, the only direction in which the 

road lay. cos is to be constructed with iiri^7)(x6fjL€vov. Cf. N. on d>s airo- 

Krev&i/, I. 1. § 3. rov opovs is the obj. gen. See N". on I. 2. § 25. 

ej/rau^-a is added for the sake of perspicuity. 

19. Sophsenetus was left in charge of the camp, probably on account of his 
age. Cf. Y. 3. § 1. 

20. ^Xoxrav, were taken. Cf. N. on III. 4. § 8. For the lengthening of 
the radical vowel, cf. S. § 126. 1 ; H. § 400. 4. n. Xenophon writes tfKow 
and kaXuv. H. § 408. 12; C. § 420. 1. The latter is the Attic form. Cf. 
Butt. § 114. p. 224. 7] o-K7)vf). The tents of eastern princes and comman- 
ders were often filled with articles of luxury. Cf. Herod. IX. 80. <pd<TKov~ 

res elvai, professing to be. 



CHAPTER V. 

1. GvXkGyrivai — ird\iv 9 assembled again, reassembled. rb crparevfia 

refers to the enemy. rb <rrevd. Cf. § 18 of the preceding chapter, rb 

&Kpou below refers to the same pass. 

2. Evcppdrrjv. This was the eastern branch called Arsanias, the modern 
name of which is Murad Chai. Rennell, however, makes the Teleboas answer 

to the Arsanias. jSpex^ueyot irpbs rbv o/jLtyaAov, being under water up to 

their middle. Butt. (Lexil. p. 208) says that jSpexetrdxu is used of objects 
which are not merely wetted but quite in the water. 

3. irapacdyyas TrevreKaifeica. A distance, in the estimation of Rennell, too 
great for a march through deep snow, and hence he suspects an error in the 

text. The numeral may have crept in from the preceding section. fioppas 

contr. from jSopeas, the north wind. ivavrios sirvei, was blowing against 

them, i. e. in their face. awoKaioov, parching. " Quia idem fere vehemen- 

tis frigoris est effectus qui caloris, tropus hie, praesertim apud poetas, non est 
rarus, ut frigore perdita dicantur ambusta." Weiske. 

4. (T(bayidCe<r&ai t<£ aviixq, to sacrifice to the wind, i. e. to Boreas (see § 3). 

ttclcti 5^ . . . . irj/etifJLaTos, to all now the fury of the winds seemed evidently 

to abate. The neut. adj. with the art. is oftentimes put for the abstract noun. 
rb %aA.e7rbj/ — 7jx a ^ €7r oT7]s. C. § 653. a. 

5. ov . . . . 6\f/i(ouras, would not permit those coining late to approach the 
fire. peratiidoTev — nvpovs. Cf. Mt. § 326. Obs. This verb is more com- 
monly followed by the gen. of the thing imparted. Cf. S. § 191. 1; C. 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 357 

S§ 621 ; 546 ; H. § 574. a. See also jAeretildocay aWfaois wy (i. e. e/ceW 

*), § 6 infra. 

6* "Ey&a 8e, but where. iWe lirf, as far as. ov S$] irapr\v fi€rp€?v, 

where indeed they could measure, ov refers to the place where the snow had 
been melted by the fire. 

Y. ifiovAi/j.iacrai', fainted through excessive hunger. Fisch. remarks of the 
fiovXiyiia, that "it afflicts the patient with an insatiable appetite, so that he is 
debilitated, loses his color, faints, and experiences a coldness at the extremi- 
ties." 

8. Sieve fiire SiSovras. Cf. S. § 225. 5. e7reid^j Be ri efxcpdyoiey, but as 

soon as they had eaten something. The optat. here denotes indefinite fre- 
quency. See N. on I. 2. §§ 2, 7. 

9# a/jL(pl Kvi<pas, about dusk. e/c rrjs Kdofx7]s — yvvouKas, women belong- 
ing to the village. The village here spoken of is put by Ainsworth in the 
Khanus district. This will be seen by a reference to the map. The westerly 
direction which the army took, resulted probably from a desire to avail them- 
selves of the valley through which flowed the river of Khanus. irpbs rfj 

Kpliiq), at the fountain. 

10. Uepcrio-ri, like a Persian = in the Persian tongue. S. § 134. 5. 

oaov irapaadyy-qy, as much as a parasang. See X. on I. 8. § 6. 

12. o% re diecp&appJvoi — rovs 6<p&a\uovs = ineTvoi oTs (i. e. l\v. S. § 201. 5 ; 
H. § 598. b) ol 6(p&aAfiol oie<p&ap}xevoi ^cav ; or exovres rovs 6<p&a\p.ovs fiiecp- 

bapfxeyovs. rovs d(p&a\fiovs is a synecdochical accus. robs .... airoo'eo'W' 

7roT6s, whose toes were rotted off. rovs darcrvAovs is synecdochical. The 2 
perf. of a7roo"f)7ra> is used intransitively as a pres. Cf. S. § 20Y. K2;H.§ 417. 

13. ro?s d(p&a\/j.o?s limits eTriKovpvfj.a the dot. com. See N. on I. 2. § 1 ; 

6. § 2. II. 3. § 15. iiriKovp7]fjLa rrjs x L ° J/0S i protection against the snow. 

The gen. is that of separation. rcay Se iroSwv, sc. i-snKovpt]jxa. Notice the 

change of construction in rots b<p^a\ixols — r&v iroSoey, the dat. in the first in- 
stance being employed to avoid the limitation of the noun iiriKovpTj/j-a by two 

genitives. el rrjv vxmra viroXvoiro, if he took off (lit. unloosed) his shoes 

at night. Cf. vTrodedefxevoi (infra), with their shoes on, lit. bound on. 

14. irodas is limited by rovrcoy the omitted antecedent of ocroi. ol 

Ijidyres, the thongs by which the shoes were fastened to- the feet. Kap&a- 

rival, brogues. yeoddprcoy fioa>v, (the hides of) newly skinned oxen. 

15. avdynas, difficulties, troubles. e"iKa(ov rerrjKeyai, they conjectured 

that it had melted away. The 2 perf. of rr)Ka) has the intransitive sense, I melt 
aicay, I have melted; 2 pluperf., / had melted. S. § 207. N. 2; H. § 417; 

C. § 387. 1. rer-fjKei. So Dind. and Pop. read for the vulgar ireri)Kei. 

^y arfj/i&vcra = rjryn^ev, was exhaling vapors. 

16. irdoy rix v V Ka ^ ^X av Vi ty every art and contrivance = in every way. 

reXevrcoy, at last. H. § 788. a; C. § 665. a. Uvaofrai, SC ecpao~av, 

suggested by the preceding context. 



358 NOTES. [Book TV. 

17. ro?s Kdiivovari, those who were tired out. They are called ot aoftevovv- 
res in § 19, their excessive labor and privations rendering them as helpless as 

though they were sick. aii<p\ &v (i. e. e/ceiVw*/ a) dia<p€p6fMevoi, quarrelling 

about the booty (cf. § 12 supra) in their possession. 

18. are vyiaivovrss, inasmuch as they were well, i. e. not exhausted by the 

sufferings which they had undergone from cold and fatigue. oaov t^vvolvto 

lieyicrrov, as loud as possible. r)Kav (aor. of "ryu) kavrovs, threw them- 
selves, is finely descriptive of their precipitate flight over the banks of snow 
into the valley. 

19. €7r* avrovs, for them, i. e. in order to conduct them to the rest of the 

army. irp\v rirrapa crrdSia SieAd-eiV, before they had completed four stadia. 

irpiv has here a prepositional force. C. § 88V. N. cy/ce/caAu^eW?, 

wrapped up in their garments. Some incorrectly translate, covered up with 

snow. avi<rra(rav avrovs, they endeavored to make them rise up. Cf. N. 

on I. 3. § 1. 

21. irpbs 7]fx4pav, towards day. Mt. § 491. e. a.vao'r^o'avras €ic4A€vcr€V 

hvayndfav irpoi'evai, he ordered (them, i. e. the youngest men) to rouse up 
(the sick), and compel them to go forward; lit. having caused (the sick) to 
stand up, to compel, &c. 

22. 7refj.Trei r<av e/c rr\s Kdbfxrjs CKetyofxivovs, sends some from the village 
(i. e. some of his men who were quartered in the village) to see. For the con- 
struction of ir€/j.irei rcov, cf. S. § 191. 1 ; H. § 574; C. § 544. I. uo}xi^iv. 

S. § 222. 5 ; H. § 765. 

23. ot 5e &\Aof, sc. o'Tparrryol. dia\ax6vres, having divided by lot. 

"More pervagato." Kriig. robs iavr&v, their own men. 

24. UoKvKpdrTjs. This Athenian captain seems to have been a zealous and 

active friend of Xenophon. €tA^x €t > ^ P ers - sm g- plup. of Xayxdvw. 

€TrranaiBeKa. This number is evidently too small, since we are told, § 35, that 

Xenophon gave a young horse to each of the generals and captains. ewd- 

ri\v rj/xepav yeyajj.r}{xeyr]j/ 9 having been married nine days. Cf. S. § 186. N. 2 ; 
H. § 550. a; K. § 159. 3. (b). ya^u is said of the man contracting mar- 
riage, yaiuuo-drai of the woman. $x €T0 &7)pdo~wv. See N. on II. 6. § 3. 

25. Kardyeioi, subterranean. crrofia, sc. exovcrcu. Cf. Mt. § 427. b. 

at 8' efoodoi ro?s fxev viro(vyiois opvurai, passages into (them) were dug 

for the cattle. iv\ KAifxaKos, by a ladder. Perkins (Residence in Persia, 

p. 117) says that u the villages now in this region are just like those described 
by Xenophon. They are constructed mostly under ground, i. e. the houses are 
partially sunk below the surface, and the earth is also raised around them, so 
as to completely imbed three sides, the fourth remaining open to afford a place 
for the door." A fine testimony to the fidelity of Xenophon's narrative. 

26. olvos Kp(&ivos 9 "barley wine, i. e. beer." Boise. ivrjcav . . . . «Vo- 

X^iAe?.?, and the barley itself was also in (the vases) even to the brim. Hence 
the contrivance for drinking by means of reeds, the wine being sucked up from 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 359 

the bottom part of the jar, from which the barley had risen to the surface. 

y6va.ro.. These joints would have closed up the tube, and rendered the reed 
useless for the purpose here designated. 

27. &Kparos tfv, sc. 6 olvos. cvfjLfia&Sj/rt, to one accustomed to its use. 

28. (rrep'fjo'oiTo — airiacriv. For the interchange of mood, see N. on III. 5. 

§ 13. ai/T€/jLir\^(rayr€s 9 having in return filled. For the construction of 

rwv eViTTjSeiW, cf. S. § 200. 3 ; H. 580. a. iar cty 4y clWo) e&j/et yhow- 

rai, until they should come to another people. There is a constructio preg- 
nans in yivcavrai followed by the preposition of rest (S. § 225 ; H. § 618. a). 
cctt€ with el/xl has the sense as long as. 

29. <pi\o(f>povov/j.€pos = as an instance of his good-will. ohov. " haud 

dubio Kpi&iyov." Kriig. Others think with good reason, that wine of the 

grape is meant. olvov .... Karopcopvyfj.€i/os. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 21. h> 

<pvAa.K7), under guard. So in the next clause iv ofyfraXfxo'is, under their eye = 
having an eye upon them. 

30. robs refers to the Greeks who were quartered in the villages. irplv 

irapaSehcu. The optat. or subjunct. is usually found with irpiy, when the lead- 
ing clause, as here, is negative. See N. on I. 4. § 13. avroTs, i. e. Xeno- 

phon and his companions. 

31. ovk .... Tpdirefav, there was no place where they did not put upon the 
same table. The two negatives in this sentence constitute an emphatic affirma- 
tive. Cf. S. § 230. 2 ; H. § 844. 

32. (piXocppovov/jLevos, in token of friendship. eTAKei>, he drew him, i. e. 

he used a kind of friendly compulsion, such as is employed with those who, 

when solicited to drink, manifest a reluctance to do so. Zv&ev is a relative 

adverb referring to Kparrjpa. pocpovvra — uxrirep fiovv, sucking it in like an 

ox. This was done by means of the reed (cf. § 27), although some think that 
when they pledged one another, they applied their mouth to the liquor, as the 
ox does to water, instead of sucking it up through the tubes of cane. 

33. <TK7juovpTas, in their quarters, here = feasting and banqueting in their 

quarters. rod fypov x L ^°v- They were unable to procure flowers and 

green plants at this season of the year, and therefore used hay as a substitute. 
iveo?s> deaf-mutes. 

34. ictpo-i&vrosi speaking the Persian language. fiacriXe? 5atr/-i<fc, a 

tribute for the king. Dat. Com. See N". on I. 2. § 1. rov oobv eQpa&v. 

For the prolepsis, see N. on I. 2. § 21. 

35. ov €l\-f)<f>€i refers to what is detailed, III. 3. § 19. tra\airepov. 

For this form of the comparative, cf. Butt. § 65. N. 3. Kriig. and Pop. follow 

the common reading iraKcuorepov. ava&ptyavri Kara&vo-ai, to sacrifice (S. 

§ 222. 5 ; H. § 765) after having recruited him. Uphv dvai rov 'HAiov. 

Zeune remarks on Cyr. VIII. 3. § 12, that horses were most frequently offered 
in sacrifice to the Sun. 



360 NOTES. [Book IV. 



CHAPTER VI. 

1* rbv (j.€V 7}y€fj.6va, the guide. tpri wfidcKovros, now approaching the 

age of puberty. el KaA&s Tjy^croiTo (sc. 6 Koofxapxys), if the bailiff guided 

them faithfully. 

2. avr$ €xa\€irdp^7j (aor. pass. S. § 208. N. 1 ; H. § 694. c), became an- 
gry with him. 

3. 5 E/c 5e rovrov, on account of this. The common reading is airb 5e rov- 
rov. airodpas $x €T0 9 ^ e ran away. On the meaning of airo^i^pdcrKw, see 

N. on I. 4. § 8 ; on 4x* T0 w ^ tn tne participle, see N. on II. 6. § 3. rovro 

refers it to 77 rod .... a/LteXeia. See Mt. § 472. 2. c. 7)pdo~&r) re rod irai- 

B6s, fell in love with the boy. The verb ipdco takes its tenses solely from the 
pass. form. Cf. Butt. § 114. p. 237. For the construction of rod Trcuti6s, cf. 

S. § 193; H. § 576; C. § 558; K. § 158. 6. I. (a). mcrrordrw, as most 

faithful. The pron. with which this adjec. agrees is understood. 

4. ava. sreVre irapacrdyyas rrjs Tjfiepas, at the rate (S. § 231 ; H. § 636. c) of 

five parasangs a day. irapd, i. e. along the bank. rbv $a<riv. Cf. N. 

on I. 4. § 19. This river is now called Arras, and from the rapidity of its 
current, well deserves the epithet "pontem indignatus," applied to it, Virg. 
Mtl. YIII. 728. Prof. Maiden (Class. Mus. Vol. III. p. 39) conjectures that 
the name of this river led the Greeks to suppose that it was the same as the 
Phasis of Colchis, and that they followed the course of the stream in the hope 
that it would lead them toward the Euxine, till, seeing that it continued to 
flow eastward, they resolved to try a more direct line. Ainsworth, admitting 
the correction along instead of to the river Phasis, which would reduce the 
number of marches between the Euphrates and the Phasis from fourteen to 
seven, thinks that the Greeks were rendered sensible of their mistake by com- 
ing to a large river flowing into the Arras from the north, at the same time 
that the supposed Phasis took a bend rather to the south of east. They would 
thus be induced, having crossed the Arras, to turn away from it and follow the 
new river northward to its sources. 

6. iiravcraro vopevSfievos. Cf. §§ 225. 7; 798. 2 ; H. § 798. 2; C. § 863; 

K. § 175. 1. (e). kcltol K€pas = iirl tcepas, in a line, longo agmine. 

ivl <pd\ayyos. Cf. N. on 3. § 26. 

10. accfxara avdpwi/, a circumlocution for &v$pas or <rr pandoras. 

11. Tb fjiey .... cradia, this mountain which is in sight, is more than sixty 

stadia in length. Hutch, supplies iKreij/Sfievov. aAA* ir) follows a negative 

in the sense of other than, except. Cf. Vig. p. 177; C. § 901. 2. irokv 

ovv KpCirrrov — ixaXKov. This apparently pleonastic use of fxaXKov is not uncom- 
mon, as may be seen in the numerous citations of passages where it occurs, 
made by Mt. (458). Kriig. explains it, e duplice dicendi forma, Kpurrov k\g- 



Chap. VL] XOTES. 361 

tyai n t) fj.dx*cr&ai, and aya&bv K\tyai tl fiaWop 7) /idx^c^at. Cf. C. § 671. 2. 
— : — rod tpijuov opovs — t\, some unguarded part of the mountain, ip^/j-ov, 
deserted, belongs ad sensum to t\. opovs is the part. gen. K\e\pai, to se- 
cretly get jiossession of. apirdcraL (pbdcravTss, to anticipate (the enemy) in. 

seizing it. 

12. up&Lov, sc. x®p' l0v - Synecdochieal aecus. zv&eu koX Zvbev, on this 

side and thai, on both sides. ra irpb itoZSjv, what is before him ; literally, 

the things before the feet. rpax^a, sc. odos, a rough way. ev l u.€veo'Tepa 

is used tropically in the sense of smoother, more even. 

13. cbreAd-e?;/ togovtov (accus. of space), to go away so far from this place. 
So Kriig. But Weiske, cited approvingly by Sehneid., Born., and Pop., un- 
derstands jnepos o-rparevfxaTos with togovtov, preferring however the reading 

togtovtovs. "hv in 5' &v fioi, belongs to xpy°'& ai -> anc ^ ^ 3 repeated after e/nj- 

juoTepo), in consequence of the interjected clause, tovtv .... itpocrfidT^ksiv. 

iprjuorepcp .... xp'O^^h that v ~ e should find the other part of the mountain 
more deserted. fievoiev. Repeat &v from the preceding clause. 

14. 'Arap .... o-vjafBdWo/xai, but why do I discourse about theft? ocroi 

refers to vjj.as, and hence takes the verb in 2 pers. plur. dfioiav depends 

on eVre, as many as belong to the peers. S. § 190; H. § 572. a; K. § 158. 
3. (a). The ofxoioi constituted the first class of citizens in Sparta, and were 
opposed to the vTrofxeloves, inferiors, who from birth, degeneracy of manners, 
or other causes, had undergone some kind of civil degradation. Cf. Smith's 

Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 237. zi&vs e/c iratdwv, immediately from children 

£s from very boyhood. 

15. kclI ireipacr&e XavSdveiv, and practise concealment. v6[xip.ov &pa 

vjiLV io*Ttv, it is accordingly a law with you. tgv opovs. Cf. S. § 191. 1 ; 

H. § 574 ; K. § 158. 3. (b). iroXkas TrX-qyds. As the Spartan youth were 

whipped if caught in the act of stealing, so Xenophon pleasantly warns Chiriso- 
phus of the consequences of being detected by the enemy in seizing upon the 
mountain. 

16. $€Li>ovs — k\4itt€iv Ta h*7)u.6a'ia, skilful in peculating the pjublic money. 

KaX .... k\£tttovtl, although the peculator incurs great danger ; lit. and 

that too, when there is such great danger to the one who steals. tovs Kpa- 

tlcttovs. Chirisophus humorously repays Xenophon for the ogol cotc tuv 
ojjLoiuv of § 14. For the construction of fyujr, cf. S. § 206. 4 ; H. § 600. 4. 

IT. Toiwv, now then, therefore. 5e corresponds with p.£v, hence kcli, 

also, connects Xenophon's declaration that he had guides, with his readiness 

(ctol/jlos) to perform the service here spoken of. kXcdttuv. This epithet 

was given to them by Xenophon, because they followed the Greeks for the 

sake of plunder (IV. 5. § 12). ivedpevcrai>T€s denotes the means. S. 

§ 225. 3 ; H. § 789. b. rotW is the gen. of the remote (S. § 192. X. 3 ; 

H. § 582. 3), and qtl .... opos the accus. of the immediate object of irvv- 
bdvopiai. 

16 



362 NOTES. [Book IV. 

18. iv r$ 6fiol(p 9 i. e. in a place as elevated as the one they occupy. 

els rb Xcrov, i.e. into the plain, where they will contend with us on equal 
footing. 

19. 'AAAa, rather. s&eXovcrioi, voluntarily. Butt. § 123. 6. 

22. auToD, i. e. in the very spot where they were. ix6fJL€pop rb opos, 

that the mountain (i. e. the part of the mountain to which the detachment was 

sent) was taken possession of. iyprjySpecrap, were watching (S. § 211. N. 

6; H. § '712. a). On the authority of Porson, this reading has been substi- 
tuted by all the more recent editors, for iypr)y6prjcrap 9 found in the MSS. Cf. 

Butt. Irreg. Verbs, p. 75. gkcuop irvph 7roAAa dioc, pvicr6s, burned many 

fires through the (whole) night. 

23. koltcl tV 6§6p % along the way. oi Se, i. e. Aristonymus and his 

party. Construct KaraKafiSpres with rb opos, and iinjeo'ap with nark ra 

&Kpa, referring to the heights occupied by the enemy. 

21. rb vo\v. See N. on I. 4. § 13. ojjlov — iyyts. nark ra &Kpa 

here refers to the eminence occupied by Aristonymus and his associates, and 
which they were leaving (§ 23) to attack the barbarians upon the eminence 
which overlooked the main road. Probably these parties met in conflict about 

midway between the two eminences. robs iroAAous, i. e. the main bodies 

of the Greeks and barbarians. 

25. ol e/c rod Trediov, those in the plain. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 18. fiddrjp 

rax^, with quick step, gradu pleno. 

26. oi errl ry 65£, i. e. the main body. rb &pco (sc. fxepos) refers to jue- 

pos 5 s abru>p y § 24. ov iroteol. The MSS. read, with two or three excep- 
tions, oi iroWol. But aside from the nature of the contest, which renders it 
improbable that many were slain, the emendation ov iroAAol is justified by the 
adversative clause, y4$$a 8e irdfjLiroXKa eA^d^j, which follows. 



CHAPTER VII. 

It *Ek rotrwp, sc. rwv kw/*«j/, spoken of in 6. § 27. TaSxovs. Ains- 

worth says that traces of the name of Taochi are supposed to be found in the 
Tauk or Taok of the Turks, and the Tuchi or Taoutchie of the Georgian dis- 
tricts, Their country corresponds to that occupied in part by the Suwauli or 

Sughauli Tagh. ra iirir^deia cn-cAure, the provisions failed. When the 

things denoted by the collective noun are taken in the gross, the verb is often 

put in the plural. 3x ov avaK^KOjj.icrp.ipoi = apaK^Ko/JLic/Jiepoi ijcap with the 

middle signification. Mt. § 493 ; C. § 867. 

2t <rvpe\ri\v&6rss 8* %<rap avr6ce y in which had assembled. For the con- 
structs pregnans, see N. on I. 1. § 3. irpbs .... tikwp, as soon as he came, 

attacked it. % Trp^rrj that were led to the attack. ov yap %p afrpSois 



Chap. YIL] NOTES. 363 

irepKTTTJvai, for it was not possible to surround it in a body. aXXa. irorapios. 

The common reading is cWtci/xos, which on the authority of Leun., has been 
changed by Zeune and some others to airorauov, referring to xcopiW. But 
why should it be said of such a place, ov yap fy a$p6ots irepicrrr\vai ? 

3. Els kcAoV, opportunely. X w p' l0V aup^reov, S. § 178. 2; H. §494. 

a ; K. § 168. 2. 

4. ipwTwj/Tos rl 70 kooXvop etij ejVeA&e?*/, inquiring what it was which hin- 
dered them from entering ; lit. what the hindrance to their entering might be. 

For the construction of the infin., see S. § 222. 6 ; H. § 764. b. ovro* Sia- 

ri&erai, is thus served. "A/m 5* e&e*£e, and at the same time he showed. 

5. ciAAo .... irapiivai, is there any thing else whatever which can hinder 
our approach ? ciAAo ri tf ; lit. what else is there than = is it not true ? Cf. 
X. on II. 5. § 10. 

6. ^aXXofxivovs, exposed to danger from the stones. rovrov .... fieyd- 

Xais, of this (distance) as much as a plethrum (is) thickly covered with large 
pine trees (standing) at intervals, i. e. in groups. ttItvcti shows in what respect 
datrv is to be taken. C. § 611. 3. av& wj/, behind which. 

7. Avrb av — rb hiov tfn, this would be the very thing we want. auaXdo- 
(tovol follows in the indie, because it denotes the certain result of their prodi- 
gal waste of stores. The protasis, « (pepcavrat oi Xi&oi iroXXoi, is to be men- 
tally supplied. 'AAAci, now then. Zv&ev. See X. on II. 3. § 6 (end). 

fiiKpov t«, i. e. rb Xonrbv 7}fj.'nrX€&pov, § 6. 

8. kcl& eva, one by one. e/cacTos (pvXarr6fj.€7/os. Cf. X. on I. 8. § 27. 

10. parix^varai ri, made use of a hind of stratagem. £<•>' a>, tinder 

which = behind which. evirer&s, easily. ttXeou is the grammatical, 

and TrXiov .... irerpwv is the logical subject of avyXiGKovro. 

lit rbv KaXXi/uaxov a cttoUl = ravra & 6 KaAA/yuaxos ivolei. For the pro- 

lepsis, see X. on I. 2. § 21. irapa$pdfj.oi refers to Agasias. x a P^ nas 

6 'Ayaarlas for its subject to which avrbs (alone) refers. Cf. S. § 160. X. 5; 
H. § 680. 

12. iiriXanfidverai avrov rrjs Irvos, lays hold of his shield-rim. S. § 192. 

1 ; H. § 574. b. irdj/res yap ovrot k. r. A., for all these were rivals in 

valor. For the gen. after verbs signifying to aim after, to strive for, see C. 
§ 552; S. § 193; H. § 577. c. See also X. on II. 1. § 11. Callimachus, 
Agasias, and Aristonymus, are spoken of as rivals, IY. 1. § 27 ; and are proba- 
bly those to whom allusion is made, Y. 2. § 11. £pi(ovr€s with one 

another. 'Hs yap anal-, for when once = as soon as. 

13. cos ptyovra kavr6v, in order to cast himself down, sc. the precipice. 

14. 'O 5°, i. e. the barbarian. irdw bTdyoi, very few. 

15. Our oi fjo-av k. r. X. The order and construction is ovroi %o~av aXKifj.6- 

raroi wv (i. e. rovrwv ovs) SirjX&ov. els x € V as > io c ^ ose quarters. 3-w- 

paKas Xivovs. The linen cuirass was commonly used by the Asiatics (cf. Cyr. 
YI, 4. § 2; Plut. Alex.), a defence much inferior to the cuirass of metal worn 



364: NOTES. [Book IV. 

by the Greeks and Romans. inepvywv. " Sunt loricce partes extremce." 

Kriig. iffrpafjLfjLej/a, twisted. 

10. fiaxaipov ocrov i;vf}A7]i> AaKowiKT] (— togovtov, oVtj iarl £vf}\rj AaKowi- 

k4}\ " a knife about the size of the Spartan small sword." Uv — iiropsvovroy 

woidd march about. Cf. N. on &y, I. 3. § 19. airoTi^vovres $lv ras Ke<pa- 

Kas exovres iiropevovro, they woidd cut off their heads and carry them away. 
Jelf (§ 429. 3) cites this as an example of the pres. particip. with Uv used for 

the iterative imperf. with &v. birore .... IfjueAAoy, whenever (they thought) 

the enemy would see them. ixiav \6yxr\v. The Grecian spear often had at 

the lower end a pointed cap of bronze, which being forced into the ground, 
the weapon was made to stand erect. Cf. Virg. XII. 130. 

18. "Apiracroy. Supposed to be the northern branch of the Arras, now 
called Arpa-chai. Ainsworth doubts its identity with this river, and with Col. 
Chesney and Layard thinks that Xenophon applies the name to the river now 
called Juruk-su, and which in later times was called Asparus and Acampsis. 

^kv&iv&v. Kiepert thinks that the Scythini may be the same as the 

HesperitaB who dwell in the valley of Dschoroch. 

19. Tvfxvlas is considered by Rennell to be the same with the Comasour or 
Coumbas, a large village situated on the northern bank of the Arras, about 35 
miles below its source. 

21. ©^x 7 ?^ Tlieches, now called Takiya Tagh, lying between the Juruk-su 
and the Kurash Tagh. 

22. c$'fi&r}arav, 1 aor. pass, of otofxai. yeppa — da&eioov fiowv. Cf. yeppa 

Xeviccau &ou>v dacrea, V. 4. § 12; and more fully Kapfi&rivai ireiroirj/xej/ai etc tqqv 
veoddprow fiocav, 5. § 14. 

23. ol ae\ iiriovTes, those for the time being coming up = as fast as they 

came up. eirl rovs ael fio&j/fas, to those who were continually shouting. 

Kal ttoA\$ .... iylyvovro, and the shouting became greater as the num- 
bers increased. fxel^oy n, something greater than of ordinary occurrence. 

21. Kcu, and so. ©dXarra. This was the Pontus Euxinus, now called 

the Black Sea. Perkins (Resid. in Persia, p. 100) says that he was unable to 
obtain a view of the Euxine on any summit he crossed within ten or twelve 
miles from the village of Tekeh, near which it is supposed the Greeks crossed 
the Teches. — — irapeyyvwi/Tcov to those in the rear, that they should hasten 
on. ra viro£vyia 7}\avuero. See N. on ra eiriT^deia €7reAwre, § 1. 

25. irepiefiaKhov aW^Xovs, they began to embrace one another. otov 

is attracted to an omitted antecedent, the verb of the complementary clause 
being omitted = some one, whosoever it might have been, suggesting it. Ren- 
der, some one or other suggesting it. Cf. Butt. § 149. 

28. Karereixve ra yeppa, in order to prevent their being afterwards of ser- 
vice to the enemy. 

27. airb K.OIVOV, from the common stock. 



Chap. VIIL] NOTES. 365 



CHAPTER VIII. 

2. oTou x a ^ € ' !r ^ rarov 't extremely difficult of access, dtov strengthens the 
superlative. S. § 159. 5; H. § 664. 6 bpi&v, sc. irora/iSs. See the pre- 
ceding section. 5t* ov refers to the boundary river. fihv ov — 5e. Mt. 

(§ 608. p. 1078) says that (xkv ot> is often found at the end of a proposition 

followed by another with Se. tKoirrov. They cut down these trees in 

order to make temporary bridges. See § 8 infra. 

3. Tpix'wovs, made of hair. Ai%ous .... ippiirrovv. By standing on 

these stones thrown into the stream, they hoped to be able to reach the Greeks 
with their missiles. 

5* §ia\4yov .... clariv, converse (with them) arid learn who they are. No- 
tice the continued action of the imperf. BiaKeyov, and the momentary action 

of the aor. /j.d&e. ipccrrjaavros, sc. abrov. See N. on I. 6. § 1. avri- 

rerdxarai. An Ionic ending for the 3 pers. plur. perf., sometimes adopted by 
Attic writers. S. § 132. 2; H. § 353. e. 

6* "Otl teal vja€?s k. r. A. The koX after on gives this turn to the sentence : 
because you also wish to be our enemies by coming thus against our country. 
The words of the quotation are here without change. 

9. Kara <pd\ayya. Cf. N. on IY. 6. § 6. 

10. Ao%ous op&iovs. See N. on IT. 2. § 11. rfj fx\v — ry 5e, in 

one -place — in another. a"vob*ov, difficult of ascent. So evoBov, easy of 

ascent. 

11. iirl iroAAous, with many in depth, i. e. with depth of column. So 
iirl bxiywv signifies, with few in depth, i. e. with an extended line having 
little depth. Cf. N. on I. 2. § 15. Notice the interchange of cases in 

iirl 7roAAous and iirl bxiywv. Cf. Mt. § 584. & (second paragraph). 

irepiTTcvo-ova'u' 7}ia&v, will surpass us in extent of line. ro7s irtpir- 

toTs, i. e. the parts of the line outreaching the Greeks. el Se tttj, but 

if in some part. 

12. bp&iovs .... Kepdrcau, that having drawn tip our columns in separate 
companies, we should occupy with tluse columns so much spjace that the extreme 
companies may be beyond the wings of the enemy. diaXiirSvras belongs to 
bp&iovs robs Xoxovs. Construct rols Ao%ots with Kara&x^v* S. § 206. 1 ; H. 

§ 607; C. § 608; K. § 161. 3. oqov— yevicrbai. See N. on 1. § 5. 

ol eorxaToi Ao% ot * s m apposition with 7)fie7s, the omitted subject of io~6fie&a. 
Cf. N. on III. 1. § 46. 

13. rb 8iaAet7iw, the interval between the companies. zv&ev ical ev&ev. 

See N. on 3. § 28. op&iov irpocrdvra, advancing in column. 

14* iiroiovv op&iovs robs Xoxovs, they threw the companies into columns. 



366 NOTES. [Book IV. 

ovroty here. S. § 163. K. 2; H. § 678. a. rb ^ jjfoj clvou. The 

common reading is rod ft)] tftirj thai. Both readings are admissible. Of. Mt. 

§ 543. Obs. 3. For ^ after iixiroUv, see S. § 230. 3 ; H. § 838. «#a, 

i. e. Greece. w/novs 8e? KaracpayeTv = we ought wholly to destroy. Cf. 

Horn. II. IV. 35, w/xby fiefipw&ois Upiafiov Tlpidfxoio re ira78es. 

18. Kara rb 'Ap/cafo/coV, in the Arcadian division. It appears by this that 
the Arcadians occupied the centre, while Chirisophus and Xenophon, with 

their respective divisions, were upon the right and left wing. rb 'Aptcadi- 

ubv ottXitikov, wv 'opx* KXedvoop, the Arcadian heavy-armed force, whom Clea- 
nor led. "A pron. of reference, referring to a collective, may be in the 
plur." H. § 514. c. 

19. tfp^avro &e?v 9 sc. ol ireXraeral. aXXos #AA|7. See N. on &XX01 

aXXofev, I. 9. § 13. 

20. ovdhv .... i&avfjLa(rav = there was nothing new or strange. — — rwv 
K7]piwv .... crparioorcov, as many of the soldiers as ate of the honey-combs. 
S. § 191. 1 ; H. § 574. e ; K. § 158. 5. (a). Perkins (Residence in Persia, 
p. 97) says, that " one of the most common bushes of the undergrowth, 
is that from whose flowers this honey is extracted. It is a bush resem- 
bling what is called in America, honey -suckle." ol fihv bxlyov idr}do- 

k6t€s 9 those who had eaten little, icr&iw has from e&w the 2 perf. with 
reduplication id^BoKa. u Prom e5w came regularly fjica; the reduplication 
etiriKa would not have been a true one ; the second 8, therefore, which other- 
wise must have been lost before the termination, was separated from the k 
by the o ; and as tea is a pure termination, this was following the true analo- 
gy." Butt. Lexil. No. 21. p. 140. <r<$>6§pa fxe&vovaiv tyxecrav (S. § 211. 

N. 6; H. § 712), were like men very drunk. ol 5e iroXv. Supply idrjdo- 

k6t<es £c*)K€(raj/ from the preceding proposition. 

21. wcrirep rpoiryjs yeyevrnxivriS) as if there had been a defeat. Cf. S. 

§ 226. a ; H. § 790. d ; K. § 152. R. 2 ; C. § 806. 8. afi<pl az/e- 

<pp6vovv, almost the same hour, in which they had been seized the previous 
day, they began to recover their senses. afupl — irov, somewhere about = 
nearly. 

22. Tpa7re(ovj/Ta, Trapezus, now called Trebizond, situated about 600 
miles from Constantinople, on the great highway between Europe and Cen- 
tral Asia. rah rwv KoXxcw K^ixats is epexegetical of ivrav&a. 

24. HvvZieirparrovro .... KoXx®v, tae V negotiated with (the Greeks) in 
behalf also of the neighboring Colchians. 

25. iKavol, sufficient in number. evfrairep, where, is a relat. adv. re- 
ferring to op€i. nous ert wu, while yet a boy. &kow, unintentionally. 

iTTi/j.eXTj&TJi'ai depends upon dXovro. 

26. oirov .... efy, to the place ivhere he had prepared the course. 

ip (TKXr)p$ Kal Satre? ovrw, in a place thus rough and bushy. The wrestlers 
usually contended on ground that was soft or covered with sand. MaXXov 



Chap. VIII.] NOTES. 367 

n avid<T€Tcu 6 Karaire(rcou 9 he that falls will suffer somewhat more. To the 
disgrace of being thrown, there would be an additional inducement to avoid 
a fall, from the danger of being hurt thereby. 

27. ffrafiiov. The foot-race course at Olympia was just a stadium. Hence 
the word is used to designate not only a measure of length, but a race- 
ground, foot-race, &c. 86\ixov. The 86\ixos is differently stated at 6, 

% 8, 12, 20, and 24 stadia. Cf. Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 894. 
eVepoi, sc. ijyowi&vTo. Kwrifr-qaM = entered the lists. 



368 NOTES. [Book V. 



BOOK y. 

CHAPTER I. 

1. frdXarrav is rendered definite by the adjunct t\\v iv r$ EuJetVy VlSprep. 

a ev^avTO. See III. 2. § 9. (rcar'fjpia, thanksgiving sacrifices. 

\6ycp. See N. on III. 1. § 1. 

2. eAe|€z/ — €07?. See N. on IV. 1. § 20. airelpyKa tftir), I have now 

become tired. The causes of his fatigue are denoted in the participles which 
follow. The Kal which accompanies each of these participles, gives emphasis 

to the enumeration. iravffdfxevos — ir6vwv. Cf. S. §§ 197. 2; 209. 2; H. 

§ 580. 1 ; 688. 1. iKTa&els (1 aor. pass. part, of eKTeiVw), stretched out 

= lying at ease. Sxrirep 'Odvccrevs. Cf. Odyss. XIII. 116. 

4. irefxif/rjTe fie to Anaxibius. He was then at Byzantium. See YII. 
1. §3. 

5. M 7r\o7a 9 for ships. See N. on lirj, II. 3. § 8. Kaipbs — iroieiv. 

S. § 222. 3 ; H. § 767 ; C. § 849. b. iv ry jjloj/T), during our stay = while 

we remain here. otov o)vn<r6}x&a. Cf. N. on III. 1. § 20. 

T» irpovo/jLais, "regular foraging parties." Belf. &,\\ws, heedlessly. 

So Hesych. defines frWoes * fiaraiccs, ws ervx*v. rj/xas, i. e. the generals. 

8» y ETt Toivvv, now still further. Having gained their assent to his first 
proposition, he goes on to offer an additional item of advice. ydp, doubt- 
less. -rjfuy .... i^iivai = iKtZvov ts /ueAAet ifyivai elireTv y\\uv. Se Kal 

o7rot, and also whither he is about to go. idv rts t&v aireipoTcpwv, if any 

one of the more inexperienced. The object of the comparison is frequently 
implied. ifi ovs = tovtwv e<£' ovs. The plural form of 'iwcriu is refera- 
ble to the collective idea of rls. 

9» 'Ewo€?T€ 5e Kal To5e, consider this also. ra iKeivcov, their effects. 

eKeivoov refers to the Colchians whose forces had been routed on the moun- 
tains, and whose well-stocked villages the Greeks had plundered. Cf. IV. 8. 
§ 19, et seq. Kara fxtpos, by turns. frrjpyv; literally, to hunt, to cap- 
ture as a hunter his game. But as game is often taken by snares, toils, &c, 
this verb often signifies to take or overcome by stratagem. 

10. £*>, i.e. eKeivw a. avrS&ev = from the people in this region. 

*Hj/ fjLhv yap e\&77, for if he comes with ships. Opposed to this is iav 5e 

jul)} &yy, if he brings none. iv a<p^ovwTipois (sc. ir\olois) y in a greater num- 
ber of ships. to?s iv&dds = such as we find or can procure here. 



Chap. II.] NOTES. 369 

lit fiaKpa irXota, ships of war; literally, long ships, in distinction from 
the round merchant ships (a-rpoyyvKa ir\o7a), which were better adapted to car- 
rying freight than to quick sailing. Kardyoifxev, we should bring into port. 

rh irydaAia irapaXvoixevoi, taking away the rudders in order to prevent 

the sailors from escaping, if they should wish to do so. The irTjddAiov was like 
an oar with a broad blade, and instead of being attached directly to the stern, 
was placed on one side of it. Each ship had commonly two rudders, which, 
if the vessel was small, were held by the same steersman. 

12t vavXov arvv&icr&ai, to agree with them for the passage-money. In this 
proposal we see the same regard for the demands of justice which character- 
ized the whole conduct of Xenophon. 

13. n)v dpa, if then. See N. on II. 4. § 6. ras odovs — 65o7r(ne7j/, to 

repair the roads. ivreiAaa-^ai is the subject .of doxei. dta . . . . ct7ra\- 

Kayv.vai, through fear and a desire to be rid of us. S. §§ 197. 2; 177. 3; 
H. §§ 580. 1 ; 553. a. 

14. aveKpayov, they cried out. tV c.<ppocrvi/T] 9 their want of considera- 
tion in deciding not to proceed by land. eTreif/^icre ij.Iv ouSeV, put nothing 

(pertaining to travelling by land) to vote. He prudently waved for the present 

the consideration of that point. e/coiWs, voluntarily. airaA\d£ovTai 

= fiit. pass. S. § 209. 1ST. 5. b ; H. § 694. c. 

15. irepioiKov. For a full and satisfactory account of the position in the 
Spartan state, occupied by the irepioiKoi, Periceci, see Smith's Diet. Gr. and 

Rom. Antiq, p. 739. Ovros .... $x 6T0 i so f ar f r<yni collecting (literally, 

neglecting to collect) ships, he went away. iroXvirpayixovSiV ri = intermed- 
dling with a certain affair in which he had no concern. aire^avcv, died = 

was killed. C. § 414. 

16. to?s 5e . . . . 7rapaycoyf}p, they used (i. e. had in readiness for using) the 
ships for transporting the army homeward. 



CHAP TEE II. 

It &(TT€ airavfrnneplfai', so as to return the same day. ApiAas. Dan- 
ville says that this region is now called Keldir. are e/c7r67rTw/c^res, inas- 
much as they had been driven out of 

2. avro?s refers to the people occupying the region suggested to the mind 
of the reader by qtto&sv. 

8. oToTa .... ifjiirnrpdyres, the Drilians setting fire to such places as they 
thought pregnable. ifXTrnrpdyres, pres. act. part, of £{nriirpT]fjLi. For the omis- 
sion of ix in irijj.TTp7i/M, when in composition another fx stands before the first 
syllable of the verb, see S. § 133, sub voce TslpaeKitfu. 

5. ai/a&e&\7]fjL€frn. The verb a.va&d\Xw signifies to throw up, as earth from 

16* 



370 NOTES. [Book V. 

a ditch. Hence the phrase to throw up a ditch = to dig a ditch or trench, 

Cf. Thucyd. IV. 90. § 2. apaKoffis, mound; literally, a throwing up, as 

earth, stones, &c. Upon this bank or mound formed from the earth thrown 

out of the ditch, sharp stakes were driven and other defences erected. 

%v\ivai 7T67ro£77fteVat, made of wood. ot 8e, i. e. the enemy. 

6. €<£' kvos. The place of descent to the ravine was so narrow, that the 

soldiers were obliged to pass along one by one. ts =s tVa, in order that, 

that. H. § 822. 

8. ws . . . . xMpiov, w ith the hope of being able to take the place. On ws, 

cf. N. on I. 1. § 10. Uv gives to the participle potentiality. See N. on I. 

1. § 10. 

Ot airdyeus. Repeat robs diaPefinKSras. airob K edeiyfjL€i>oi fjcav = perf. 

mid. Mt. § 493. koKov, fortunate, successfid. 

11. ws . . . . ay wvufio-Srai. Opportunity was thus given for the daring deeds 
which the rivalry of these captains (cf. IV. 1. § 27 : T. § 9) would prompt 
them to perform on such an occasion as this. 

12. SiriyKvXwixevovs. Cf. N. on IV. 3. § 28. In regard to the construc- 
tion, see N. on Xafiovra, I. 2. § 1. ws — atcovrlfav derjcrov, since it will be 

necessary to throw the javelins, tovtwv imfjLeXTj&Yjj'ai = to see that these 

orders were obeyed. 

13» ol a^iovvres .... elvai, those who thought themselves not inferior 
to these (i. e. their leaders). fjLTjvoeid-fjs, curved like the moon, crescent- 
shaped, so that the wings faced each other. 

14. faav 5e dt, there were some who. S. § 172. ST. 2; H. § 812; C. 
§ 747. 3. 

15. "aWos &\\ov €l\k€, one drew up another. aj/a/3ej8Vj/cet without as- 
sistance. 7)\cW S. §207. N. 2; H. §447. 1; K. §150.2. ws 

iSoxei, as they thought. 

17. Oif . . . . yevoixivov, not a long time intervening = in a short time. 

ol fihy .... rerpw^iivos, some having the booty which they took, and some (not 
many) being even wounded perhaps (rdxa). rls here = rives. 

18. VLKwffi .... wSovjasvoi, those within (i. e. ol ireXraa'TaX teal ol yj/i\oi, 
§ 16), being pushed (by those rushing in from without), drove back (vlkwci) the 
enemy who were sallying forth. Dind. reads ol eio-w^ovficvoi. This would 
make tovs iKiriirrovTas refer to the Greeks who were retreating from the fort. 

19. iteKoplcravro, sc. aura. Mt. §428. 2; Butt. § 131. 5. iirl r)\v 

tfutpav (pepovo-av, leading (a tropical use of <pipw) to the citadel. 

20. icrKoirovy, viewed, has reference to the external act, gkotcovixsvois, con- 
sidering, to the corresponding internal or mental action. C. § 786. 1. — — 

oUv t* efy. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 17. ovrw (i. e. if they took the citadel) is 

opposed to 6.\\ws. Travrdiracnv avd\wTov, in all respects impregnable. 

21. &(po5op, retreat. robs phv o-ravpovs, k. t. \, They took away the 

stakes, each in front of himself (ko& avrovs), in order to facilitate the egress of 



Chap. III.] NOTES. 371 

the army. robs axpslovs, the disabled for fighting. These with the greater 

part of the birX'irai were sent forward, while a few of the bravest remained be- 
hind to cover the retreat. 

22# €7r2 ras olicias. The flat roofs of eastern houses furnished great facili- 
ties for doing injury to an enemy in the streets below. 

23. (pofiepd. An epithet, which might well be applied to a night spent by 
the Greeks in such a place. 

24. Stov Si Cf. N. on IV. 7. § 25. eV Se^ = ht\ 5eft& Cf. VI. 4. 

g 1. See also Butt. Lexil. No. 49. 

25» t?)s Tvxns, casu quodam, is here opposed to irpSvoia, forethought, pre- 
vious calculation. 

26. (rr6ixa, the front. e|o>— rwv tfeAiDy, out of reach of the enemy's 

weapons. aficpl ravra ex oi€J/ 9 might be employed about these things, i, e. 

the fires which were consuming their dwellings. 

28. Trpav^s yap %v ical GTtvi\. A hill overhangs Trebizond called Bas 
Tepeh, i. e. Azure Hill. favdevedpav, a false ambuscade. 

29» irpo<TGTroie?TO .... Xav&dj/ew, pretended to be trying to escape the notice 
of the enemy, robs iro\efj.iovs depends on Xav&dveiv. S. § 184. N. 2 ; H. 
§ 544. a; K. § 121. 13. 

30* &s ivetipav ovcrav, as though it were a real ambuscade. Cf. N. on I. 1. 
§ 2. vireXrjXv&ei/at, sc. robs "EWrjyas. 

31 # a\i<rK€(r&ai yap i<paffav r$ Spo/iai. Portus, with the approbation of 
Schneid. and Poppo, gives to ecpaorav the sense of av $ovtq. But the context 
shows that the idea of speaking, relating, is to be retained in the verb. Kriig. 
explains it : %<pa<rav (on their return to the camp) : qXuncSfi&a (ay) r$ SpSfup, 
the protasis ei ^ i^ireffofxev e/c ttjs 6$ov being omitted. Cf. S. § 215. 3 ; 
H. § 752. 

32* iirl irSda, backwards. A military expression. 



CHAPTER III. 

1. *l$ filu ra ir\o?a is opposed to of Se #AAoi iiropetomo, SC. tf€$. The 
arrangement is slightly confused. 

2. Kepacrovvra. This has generally been considered the same place as 
Kerason, lying S. W. of Trebizond. But Hamilton finds its site at the rivulet 
of Kirasun Darah-su, about eight miles from Cape Yurus and not quite forty 

from Trebizond. rpnaloi, on the third day. See N. on cncoraToi, II. 2. 

§17. 'Stvayiriav 6.ttoikop, a Sinopian colony. 

3. iu rots oir\ois (sc. vdvrwv fully written, Cyr. II. 4. § 1), of all in arms. 

4k rwv afjup\ robs /xvpiovs, out of about ten thousand. air&Aovro, were 

destroyed. The mid. of some verbs supplies the place of the pass. e¥ tis 

"is used," says Mt. (§ 617. 1./), u elliptically without a verb for the simple 



372 NOTES. [Book V. 

r\s 9 &c, only with an expression of doubt." Here the sense is, now and 
then one. 

4» diaXafi^dvovci .... ya/Sfievov, they divided the ?noney raised from the 

sale of captives. %i4\afiov .... &eo?s, and the generals took each a part, 

to keep for the gods (i. e. Apollo and Diana). <pv\drr€iv depends upon tiii\a- 
0oj>. S. § 222. 5 ; H. § 765. 

5. avd&rjfia, a votive offering. Persons frequently testified their gratitude 
to the gods for some deliverance, by anathemata, consisting of shields, chap- 
lets, golden chains, candlesticks, &c. Sr}<ravp6v, depository. The bricrav- 

po\ at the temple Delphi contained the presents or dedications of the nation or 
tribe, expressed by the adnom. gen. 

6« et 5e ti ird&oi = if he should die. By a similar euphemism we say, * if 
any thing should befall me;' 'if I should never return.' 

7. ecpvyev. Laertius says that Xenophon was banished iirl AaKeoi/icrpf, i. e. 

on account of his alleged adherence to the Lacedaemonian interests. 2kiA- 

Xovvti, Scillus in Elis, where Xenophon composed most of his literary produc- 
tions. d-ewp^ow, in order to see the games. avetXev, sc. covetabai from 

the preceding clause. 6 fretfc, i. e. Apollo. 

8» ^€\ipovs (contr. from SeAwJefs) is properly an adj., signifying abound- 
ing in parsley. irdvTwv oiroa'a £<rr\v Qnypevo^va. &7jpia = irdj/rcaj/ tojv bn- 

piu)V dirSaa aypevovrcu (are usually hunted). 

9» Se/caretW, consecrating a tenth part. upaia. =z iic€?vai h at &pai 

KpVOVO'lV. 

11 • rj . . . . iropevovrai, where they go from Lacedazmon to Olympia = on 

the road that leads from, &c. &s (about) dKo<ri o-rddioi is the predicate of 

%<tti. *Ew = &, 6( rn. S. §234. d; H. § 615. a; C. § 882. e. &A0-7? 

.... fiecrd. The Greeks cultivated their sacred groves with much care, al- 
though ornamental horticulture seems not to have received much, attention 
from them, probably owing to the small number of flowers with which they 

were acquainted. Cf. Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 489. Sjcrre 

.... €u«xe?(r3-c«, so that the beasts of those (persons) going to the festival have 
an ample supply of food. 

12. f}fjL€pow 9 cultivated, bearing fruit. devtipow depends upon i<pv~ 

revfrn. S. § 200. 3; H. § 575; C. § 529. a. ocra i<rrl rpcaKra wpaia, 

such as when ripe may be eaten raw, viz. apples, nuts, &c. &s fuicpbs /ie- 

yd\cp 9 as far as a small (temple can be compared) with a great (one). 

13. TON AE EXONTA — KATA0TEIN. S. § 223. 6 ; H. § ^84; C. § 854. 



CHAPTER IV. 

2. Moo-orvvoiKow, of the Mossyncecians ; literally, dwellers in wooden towers 
(fi6<r<rvv, a wooden tower ; okecu, to dwell). els avrovs. See N. on I. 3. 



Chap. IY.] NOTES. 373 

§ 5. irp6£,evov. The proxenus was a person who officially watched over 

the interests of all persons coming from the state connected by hospitality. 
The office was very similar to that of a modern consul or minister-resident. 

Cf. Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 491. on ov di-fjaoiev (3 pers. 

plur. fut. opt. of ddrijjLi), that they would not permit (the Greeks) to pass 
through. 

3. avTo?s refers to the Mossyncecians who were hostile to the Greeks. 

ol iic rod iireKeiva (i. e. eV skslvo,, S. § 135. 3), they who dwelt beyond these, 

u those of the country beyond" Crosby. ine'ivovs, i.e. the more remote 

Mossyncecians. el $ov\oivto. Cf. X. on IV. 1. § 8. 

5* diao-(a^7]i/ai irpbs tov 'EWdda, to reach Greece in safety. ovtol refers 

to the hostile Mossyncecians. 

7. Et 8e Tjfias dc^TJcreTe, but if you send us away, i. e. reject our pro- 
posal. 

9. "Ayere 5t}, well then. xpfoaoSai, sc * W«f elicited from the pre- 
ceding i][x(ay. v/jl€?s .... dt6dov 9 will you be able to co-operate with us some- 
what in respect to the passage ? 

10. on IkclvoL eV^ueV, we are able. - on here introduces a direct quota- 
tion. S. § 213. 1 ; H. § 738. b. etVj3aAAetj> limits Ikcu/oL e/c tov iirl 

bdrepa (i. e. to. eVepa), on the other side. 

11. 3 Eirl rovroiSy upon these conditions. fxov6£v\a 9 canoes. S>v ol 

jxku dvo — b 8e els, of whom two — but the other (lit? the one). 

12. uenrep ol x°P°h as bands of dancers. avnaroixovvTes dAA^Aots, 

drawn up in rows facing one another. yeppa — XevKutv fiowv dacrea, shields 

made of the hides ofivhite oxen with tlie hair on. Cf. N. on I. 8. § 9 ; IY. 7. 
§ 22. eV ry de£ia, sc. X 6l P*« 

13. irdxos .... (TTpaj^oToSecr^ou, about the thickness of a linen sack, in 

which bed-clothes are packed. These sacks were often made of leather. 

Kp&&vXov, a tuft of hair drawn up from all sides of the head, and fast- 
ened in a bow at the top. o*aydpeis, double-edged battle-axes. 

14. eV pv&fi<$, in time. smjxax&TaTov, very easy to be taken. 

15. to anporaTov, " castellum in celsissimo loco situm" Kriig. 6 woAe- 

jxos "hv among the Mossyncecians. ol yap del tovt* €x oj/T€S i f or those who, 

for the time being, were in possession of this. Cf. N. on III. 2. § 31. 

Koivbv .... ir\eoP€KT€?v, by seizing on what belonged to them in common, they 
(i. e. the Mossyncecians hostile to the Greeks) had obtained the ascendency. 

16. t4cos, as yet, i. e. up to the time designated by eVei in the next clause. 

eKfipafiovTes TpsirovTai avTovs, sallying forth put them to flight. The 

issue of this engagement was what might have been expected from so ill- 
concerted an attack. 

17. vofxcp nvi, a certain measure. 

18. fxdx' 6vt€s (tvxvoL The flight of so many Greeks rendered the defeat 
still more disgraceful. 



374 NOTES. [Book V. 

19. rod kclkov. S. § 198. 1 ; H. § 585. h; C. § 522. yeyevrjTcu has 

the signification of the pres. Cf. S. § 211. N. 6; H. § 712. 

20. T<p qvti, in reality. naX 7]p.as avdynT), sc. iroKe/xiovs elvai from the 

preceding clause. Tavrd, the same things. S. § 160. 5; H. § 538. b. 

airsp after ravra may be rendered as. t\ttov .... atroXefyovTai, they 

will be less disposed to leave our lines. Tajcws here refers to the army drawn 
up in a regular order of battle. 

21. koI o're, as when. S. § 236. K 2; H. § 856. c. 

22. iirel iicaWicp'ficraj'To, when they had offered a sacrifice attended with 

favorable omens. Kara TaitTa, in the same order, i. e. in columns. 

viroXenrofiej/ovs k. r. A., but a little behind the front. 

23. avivTsKkov, attempted to drive back. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 1. 

24. Tovs p.\v olv k. t. A. Butt. (§ 137. 4) cites this passage to exemplify 
the use of the imperf. alternately with the aor. whenever the fact narrated is 
to be represented as having had some duration, instead of being momentary 
or transient. See also C. § 797. a. 

26. <pv>J.TTOv(Tiv is Brunck's emendation, of which Kriiger says, u justo 
andacior est." It is however approved by Porson, Dindorf, and Bornemann. 
The common reading is <pvXaTTovTa, with which it is usual to supply to x«- 
piov. The reading suggested by Brunck refers to what Pomp. Mela I. 19. 
says, that the Mossyncecians elect their king, and having closely confined him 
in a wooden tower, punish him for any misconduct by withholding his daily 

food. ou5e ol. Kriig. reads ovSh 6 referring to some inferior ruler, who 

was in the place first taken. 

27. frrjo'avpovs, store-rooms, cells. vevrjjj.evooi', perf. pass. part, of viw, 

to heap up. Cf. Butt. Irreg. Verbs, p. 180. o-vv ttj KaXafirj. So we say, 

4 grain in the sheaf.' fjcai/ 5e j-zial at irXuffTai, and the greater part was 

spelt. 

29. Kdpva — ra irKaria (of the broad kind) ovk ex opTa Siacpvfyv ouSejuW, 

i. e. chestnuts. Tovrcp refers to Kdpva, and is put in the singular by a kind 

of attraction with <r(rcp. koI irXelffTcp circp == as the most usual article of 

food. Ktpaofreis, being mixed, i. e. diluted with water. 

30. els to irpoffoo. See N. on I. 3. § 1. 

31. avafro&vTwv .... iroXcws. Credat Judceus Apella. 

32. t&v cvdaifjLovuj/ = T&V TtXovcriwTdTOBv. ob iroXXov .... elvai, almost 

equal in thickness and length = nearly as broad as they were long. 

icTiyfjL€j/ovs av&efiiov, marked (i. e. tattooed) with flowers. Such is the usual 
method of interpreting this passage. " Mihi vera videtur vulgaris interpreta- 
tion Kriig. For the construction of av^iov, see S. §§182; 177. 3; H. 
§ 549; K. § 159. 3. (7). 

33. zTaipais ats by attraction for eTalpcus as. What a revolting picture is 
here furnished of a savage state of society. 

34. airep &v. Supply from the context iroifoetap fobpumoi. airep = 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 375 

iiceivots, a-rrcp, of which the antecedent limits ofxoia. S. § 202. 1 ; H. § 603. 
2;. C. §587. 



CHAPTER V. 

2» ttoXv fjv ireSivwTepa than the country through which the Greeks had 

previously passed. dvrj&rjvai ri, might derive some advantage = might 

obtain some booty. 6va<rfrai is the more usual form. Cf. Butt. Irreg. Verbs, 
p. 189. 

3* on .... iroXstiov, that the gods by no meaus permitted the war. 

Korvwpa, Cotyora, Hamilton identifies the site with a place now called Ordu 
or Urdu. In this Col. Chesney concurs. airoiKovs refers to iroKWas im- 
plied in ir6\iv. Cf. N. on II. 1. § 6. 

i. Mexpis ivrav&a, thus far. iirefeva'eVj travelled on foot iv Ba- 

&v\wvi, i. e. in the vicinity of Babylon. fJ-dxns. ^ ^ on ^* 2 * § 6 * 

&XP L &' &o ^e have Zgti iirl, IV. 5. § 6 ; ii*xP ls € ' s > ^ *• 4 - § 26. 

Xpovou TrArj&os, space of time. 

5. ay&vas yv/xviKovs. The persons who engaged in these gymnic games, 
were either entirely naked or covered only with the short x iT ^ v ' 

T. re before WAeas corresponds with /ecu in Kal 7repl ttjs x&P as - *<P*~ 

pov. Notice the change of subject from rj ir6\is to ol iroX7rai. Seivbs — 

\4yeiv. See N. on II. 5. § 15. 

8. Te after iiraiv4crovTas is in correspondence with in^ira 5e in the next 

member. ffvvyafrriffoixivovs, to congratulate you. dta 7roAAw*> — <re<rw- 

Cfxivoi, having been preserved through (= from) many, &c. 

10. Ii6, for &' '6, wherefore. Butt. § 115. N. 5. 

11. vfMas — iviovs = vfiwv iviovs. *ML% § 319 ; C. § 533. 2. 

12. Tavr ovv ovk a^Lov/j.ev, now we think that these things are unbecoming. 

ovk a£t6o) =3 avd£iov ti elval (pnfii. Mt. § 608. 1. <pi\oj> Troieiar&ai est sibi 

alicujus amicitiam conciliare, at <p(\ov ttoisiv est alter i alicujus amicitiam 
conciliare." Zeune. 

13. xnrip, for, in behalf of — — ayairccvTes, contented. 

14. av& wv. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 4. rls — tovtwv. See N. on I. 4. § 8. 

15. oiroiwv rivwv rj/iuv Ztvxov, what kind of men they found us to be. Cf. 
Mt. § 328. 5. 

16. Construct Uv before iXSovres with ex cy J U6 * / « & v T6 — & v T€ » whether 

— or. oi>x vfipsi, not from wantonness. 

17. (pofiepovs, fearful to be encountered. 

18. ruu iKeivav, of those things which were theirs, iicelvwv depends upon 
tuv. Cf. Mt. § 380. Obs. 2. 

19. Y^oTvcapiras. It is usual to explain this accus. by quod attinet ad, as it 
respects the Cotyorians. But Matthias (§ 427. Obs. 3) regards such accusa- 



376 NOTES. [Book V. 

tives as resulting from the interruption of the proposition by a parenthesis, 
after which it is resumed with a different construction. With this explanation, 
Born, in his note on this passage substantially concurs. Cf. Mt. § 631. 1. 
The best and most simple solution, however, is to regard Korvcopiras as put in 
the accus. by inverted attraction with its relative ovs. Cf. S. § 175. 2 ; H. 
§ 809; K. § 182. 6. 7. 

20. *0 5e Aeyets, as to what you say. Cf. Mt. § 478. av4a>yov. S. 

§ 93. 1 ; H. § 312. ra iavrcoj/ dairavoovres, being at their own charges. 

21. Oi 5e d\\oi is in apposition with 7]jj.e7s, the omitted subject of cktivov- 
/j.€j/. virai&pioi, in the open air. See N. on ctkotcuoi, II. 2. § 17. 

22. *A 5e 7]ird\7\(fas refers to what is detailed in § 12 supra. <pi\ov 

ttoi^o^v. The difficulty suggested by the criticism of Zeune (see N. on § 12 
supra), may be avoided by constructing rifiv with this clause. So Born, and 

Poppo. rhv Tia(p\ay6va, i. e. Corylas, who at that time governed Paphla- 

gonia. Cf. VI. 1. § 2. 

24« toIs elprjfJLevois, sc. vtt' avrov. robs iv&dSe, i. e. the Cotyorians. 

25. eVir^Seia, things of mutual interest. rd re &\ka kcu, especially; 

literally, among other things. Butt. § 150. p. 441. 



CHAPTER VI. 

It irefa by land, opposed to Kara &d\arrav. e/jnreipoi, acquainted 

with. For the genitive Tla<p\ayovias, see K on a'ireipol avrwv, III. 2. § 16. 
inavol — irapacrx^v, able to furnish, av belongs to elvai. 

2t "EWyvas ovras "E\\r}(ri. Cf. S. § 239. 4. "EW^on depends upon cv- 

vovs. Tovrcp refers to rw . . . , GvpfiovKsveiv, by being friendly to the Greeks 

and giving them the best advice. 

3. on ovx* • • • efrro*, "that he said what he did, not because they were 
going to make war %ipon the Greeks." S. § 226. a; H. § 790; K. § 176. 2; 

Goodwin, § 110. 1ST. 1. e|Jj/, while it was in their power. S. § 226. a 

(accus. absolute) ; H. § 792. a. 

4. iroKkd fjioi Kaya&a yivoiro, may many good things be to me = may 

I be prospered. aVrrj yap .... irapsivai, u i. e. tanti momenti res agi- 

tur ut nunc potissimum illud Upov tj crvfifBoX^ cogitandum esse videa- 
tur." Kriig. 

5. % pas .... iroplfav, for we shall be under the necessity of furnishing you 

with ships. ty — erreAA^trd-e, if you set out. For citations in proof of this 

sense of the pass. criKKo\xai, see Carmichael, Gr. Verbs, p. 264. 

G. Ae/rrea a yiyi/dxrKco = Set fie \eyeiv iicelva a yiyvdbcTKw. 

7t $) y, than where. ra Kepara, the horns, i. e. the points or projections 

of the mountain. Kpar£v> to defend. oi irdvrss fofrpooiroi, all the men 



Chap. VI.] NOTES. 377 

everywhere ; or, as we say, all the men in the world. On the force of the arti- 
cle before Trdvres, cf. Mt. § 266. 

8. iTTirdav. The Paphlagonians were distinguished for their skill in horse- 
manship and for their excellent cavalry. On these plains, to which Hecatony- 

mus refers, cavalry could act to great advantage. pslCov <ppove?, is too 

haughty to obey the summons of the king. 

9. Qzp/jLdbdovTa. On the banks of this river, now called Thirmah-su, the 

Amazons were located by the poets. 'd Was t<= /cat, especially. *Ipiy. 

This river is now called Yishil Irmak tf A\vv. The Halys, now called 

Kizil Irmak, like the Thermodon and Iris, rises in the mountains of Armenia, 
and after flowing westerly a considerable distance, takes a north-easterly direc- 
tion and empties into the Euxine. &s 5' avrws = ucavTcas 5e. 6 Ilap- 

frevios. The Greeks derive the name of this river from the fondness of Diana 
to hunt along its banks. 

I0t ov xatenfai n °t difficult merely. So Cicero, Arch. Poet. 4. 8, "qui se 
non opinari, sed scire," &c. 

11. Of 5e oZv. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 5. 

12* ovra 8' e%et, but it is thus, i. e. the matter stands thus. et fihv 

.... eVd-aSe, if ships are to be furnished sufficient in number, so that not a 

man is left here. et 5e . . . . /caraAetif/etrfrat (= KaraXeKp&'fjo'ecr&ai. S. § 209. 

3. b; H. § 412. b), but if some of us are to be left behind. 

13. eV avdpairodcau X®P a i ^ n the situation of slaves = we shall be reduced 
to servitude. 

15. Ikolvovs, skilful, well-disciplined. ovk av a7r* oXlycou xPW^ T0)1/ 9 

not at small expense = not without great expense. roaavTn hvvajiis, so 

great a force as the one now there, viz., the Greek army. avrcp refers to 

aevocpwvTi, which is separated by intervening clauses from idSicei upon which 
it depends. — — ir6\iv KaroiKiffai/ras, having founded a city. From the ex- 
pression Xafiovras iroXiv, § 30 infra, it would seem that Xenophon had in 
mind the occupation and enlargement of some city then existing, perhaps 
Cotyora. 

16. avrwp refers to the Greek army, robs irepiotKovvras to the Greeks living 
in Pontus. 

IT. eavry is annexed to Trcpnroi'fjcrao'^aL for the sake of emphasis. S. 
§ 209. N. 2 ; H. § 688. a. The perfidy of Silanus arose, not from love of 
country or friends, but from a mean desire to display his wealth in Greece, in 
which he would have been disappointed had the army remained on the shores 
of the Euxine. 

18. &v6fi€vos Kvpca, i. e. offering sacrifice in the name of Cyrus. 

19. rois Se tto\Ao?s, to the greater part. on — on. This repetition re- 
sults from the intervening clause. KavBvvevcrei /isivcu, would be in danger 

of remaining == it was to be feared that rocavri] Zvvafxis would remain. — • 
fiovKeverai yap k. t. A. Notice the change to the oratio recta. 



378 NOTES. [Book V. 

20. air6pov$ oj/ras— gx* iv i being at loss how to obtain. X&P as i to which 

olkovjj.4i/tjs belongs, depends on iicXd-dpem. S. § 191. 2; H, § 574, e; C. 
§ 544. ir\o7a Se commences the apodosis. 

21. aitra ravra, i. e. the things reported by oi efjuropot. oircos €/c7r\eu- 

cei. The future more commonly follows oirws. See Mt. § 519. p. 885. 

22. irpocrex €LV ( sc - r ^ v vovv) p-ovrj, to think of staying. rtvas &iWdxu. 

The plur. is used in order to give indirectness to the charge against Xeno- 
phon. 

23. vovfxyvias, the new moon; lit. new month (v4os> ^v). The Greeks 
began the month with the day on the evening of which the new moon first 
appeared. Hence vovfiyvia was the name given to the first day of the month. 
Cf. Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 175. — — - Kv(tK-nv6v. The Cyzicene 
stater was a gold coin = 28 Attic drachmae (=$4,926. See K on I. 4. § 13) 
or 180 grains, although none of the existing coins of that name come up to 

this weight. Cf. Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 896. fadp&t vfuv. 

Cf. N. on I. 1. § 4. 

24. foa rb €K€?&ev ehat, because I am from those parts. 

25. t£ fiov\ofji4j/(p is in apposition with avro?s. 

26. ticre iK7r\e7y, on condition that the army sailed away. &<rre=: 

27« IBia, privately. /r)) koivoviigvov rrj cr party. This assertion by the 

negative of what is affirmed in idla, makes Kriig. doubt the genuineness of 
these words. But the repetition of a sentiment by an affirmative and nega- 
tive form, is often done for the sake of emphasis or perspicuity. Cf. Mt. 
§ 636 (end). 

28. fy . . . . irpdyfjiarosj or in no respect whatever to touch the affair ; as we 
say, to have nothing to do with the thing. 

29. rb ixkv fxiyiffrop. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 10. &ir€ipov ovra, sc. rwv 

Upwv. 

30. a<p* ov Uv yivotro, whence it might be = how it might be brought to 

pass. vfJLas — rbv fihv fiov\6fJL€i/ov = vjjl&p rbv filu &ov\6fievov. Cf. N. on 

V. 5. § 11. 

31. flu/Spas, i. e. Timasion and Thorax. &fra, i. e. Greece. 

32. 4v yap rip ... . TjrrSvoov, for in victory lies the power to take what be- 
longs to the vanquished. Kara /xiKpd, in small bands. x a *P 0J/Tes ' 

"Where x°^P^ v signifies to escape with impunity, its participle is generally 
used." Yig. p. 110. 

33. rtva is bracketed by Dind. in his lesser edition. "Ineptum nva non 
dubitare ejicere." Kriig. 

35. ra 5e xphflnra limits etyevtrjueVot fjcrav. S. § 182 ; H. § 549 ; C. § 637. 

rrjs (jLtorfrocpopas is put by Hutch, and Weiske in dependence upon ra 

Xp^ara, but Kriig. suspects that it has crept into the text by way of expla- 
nation. 



Chap. VII.] NOTES. 379 



CHAPTER VII. 

lo aveirv&oi'To, received intelligence ; as we familiarly say, got wind of what 
was going on (TrpaTTOjxeva). 

2. ffvKkoyoi iyiyvovTO, were collected in groups. o-vWoyoi is used of sedi- 
tious gatherings in which plans of action are discussed and matured. Cf. 

Thucyd. III. 27. § 3. kvkAoi ffwlo-ravro, were standing in circles, the 

usual way in which persons group together to talk of real or supposed wrongs. 

Kal . . . . Serais, and they excited (in Xenophon) great apprehension. 

ayopai/Sfxovs. The duties of these functionaries corresponded in some degree 
to those of the Roman cediles. They had the inspection of the market, includ- 
ing the things sold there (with the exception of corn, which was under the 
jurisdiction of the ciToQvKaKes), with the care of all the temples, fountains, 
&c, in the immediate vicinity of the market-place. Cf. Smith's Diet. Gr. and 
Rom. Antiq. p. 24. 

3* ayopav = iKKXrja'tau. 

4* on ?jA&ov irpbs avrbv = that they were the authors of the project com- 
plained of by the soldiers. 

5. ^ueAAcy, have it in mind ±= am intending. Cf. Cyr. I. 4. § 16. ovrcos 

.... &£iov b= punish them as they deserve. 

6. tovto limits i^airaTrjcrai (S. § 182; H. § 549; K. § 159. 3. (7), and re- 
fers to &s rj\ios K. r. \. 

7o &s . . . . 'EAAaSa, how favorable is the navigation (i. e. the wind for sail- 
ing) into Greece. tovto .... ^airaT^aai, is there then any way in which 

(lit. how) one could deceive you in respect to this $ 

8. 'AAAa yap .... e>j3ij3oD. The ellipsis may thus be supplied : But it may 
be objected, that I can still deceive you, for, waiting a while, I shall cause you 

to embark when tliere is a calm. Ovkovv, therefore. Herm. ad Vig. 

p. 794, remarks: ovkovv est ergo sine interrogatione ; ovkovv, 1. non ergo, 
2. non sane, 3. nonne ergo $ 4. nonne $ 

0. Uolco 8' iffxas — H\k^iv, but I will suppose you to have come (S. § 211. 

N. 5; H. § 698; C. § 806. e). koX ^ mat, grant that even. " koI ^ is 

employed in stating something for the sake of argument." Yig. p. 198. XI. 
But Matthias (§ 510. 7) has cited examples which show that this hypothetical 

power resides in the indicat. iyk /xhv etro^cu 6 i^rpraTTiK^s els, I, the one 

who deceived you, will be one only. In strong antithesis to eyh is vfizts in the 

next clause. iyyvs ixvpiwv ; as we say, nigh on to ten thousand. ij 

ovTca — fiovXevojAevos, than by thus forming plans. 

10. Ti yap ; what then ? The phrase is elliptical, some verb like eo"nV, or 

here perhaps Ae'/ere, being understood. Ilapfyiu, / resign. apx^rca. 

He seems to have Thorax in view. 



380 NOTES. [Book V. 

11. S A\\& ydp. Cf. N. on III. 2. § 26. d 8c ris ravra, but if 

any one of you thinks that he could have been deceived in regard to this mat- 
ter, av belongs here to the infinit. C. § 844. 2. ravra refers to the 

charge against Xenophon spoken of, § 5 supra. 

12. "Orav .... ex?7Te, but when you have had enough of these things ; i. e. 

when you are satisfied in respect to these things. oiov vicofeiKwaiv, such 

as it foreshows itself. S. § 207. N. 1. 

13. aireT&e'iv. Dindorf. reads airriXbov. But the construction, Bokovci 5e 
fxoi — airj^ou is so harsh that it seems best, with Poppo and Kriiger, to adopt 
aire\&e7i/ as the true reading. 

14. i/ofxi^ip, sc. robs ivoucovvras. 

16. o]fM€pa yevofxevn, the day coming on. icrxvpcou rSirow, i. e. the 

mountains. See § 13 supra. 

17. rj. Supply £v from iv t>7 ^uepcj. The relative is found without the 
preposition, when it refers to a noun or pronoun with which the proposition is 

joined. Cf. Mt. § 595. 4. ov-irco avrjyfJLevoi, not yet having got under weigh. 

acpiKvovvrai .... yepairipow, three men of the more aged came from the 

'place. iK is accommodated to the verb of motion. See N. on I. 1. § 5. 

rb Koivbv to rux&rzpov, our common assembly. 

18. <r<ps?s \£yeiv, e<pa<rav — ^aSai re avrovs. "I know no other example 
of this (i. e. the pers. pron. in the nom. before the infin.) than the case where 
two infinitives with different subjects are dependent on the same verb, of 
which one only has the same subject with the verb." Butt. § 142. 4. N. 3. 

avrovs refers to rpe?s ftydpas (§ 17), and is the subject of KeXsveiv, which 

verb is connected by zeal to rjfea&ai tg koI jueAAefj/, and depends upon eQcurav* 
Poppo, however, suspects that avrovs stands for rjfxas avrovs, i. e. the Greeks. 
robs rovrov SeoyJuovs, those who wish this, i. e. to bury their slain. 

19. irv%ov .... Kepa&ovvri, happened to be still in Kerasus. 

21. ^vyKafrfifjLevoi, while we were sitting together in consultation. Cf. 
Thucyd. Y. 55. § 1. 

22. &s av . . . . Trpayfjta, as they would (naturally) be, having seen what took 
place among them, i. e. the death of their countrymen, spoken of § 19 supra. 
The idea is that they were frightened, because they had just witnessed a simi- 
lar scene. d>s av belongs to a verb to be supplied from deio-avres. 

25. iTrviyero, " was near drowning." Belfour. 
28. roiavra is in the predicate. 

27. Xenophon now shows the sad effects which would result from such in- 
subordination. rwv vrpbs vfxas lovroov as ambassadors. 

28. iv ovdefjLia x&PZ — without authority. ?]v . . . . iyeuero, if there be 

those who will render him the obedience which just now (i. e. when the mob col- 
lected) was given. 

29. vfiiv. S. § 201. 4 (end), 5 ; H. § 598. b ; C. § 604. 4. afoalpe- 

tol (avrosy atpeofiat), self chosen. 



Chap. VIII.] NOTES. 381 

30. a(piKvel(T&ai is the subject of elvat. rovrovs refers to veKpovs. Cf. 

N* on rovro, III. 2. § 20. KnpvKLcp, the caduceus, a staff or mace borne by 

heralds and ambassadors in the time of war. orby Knpvidcp = a caduceator 
being sent. Similar to this is our modern expression, ■ to send under a flag of 
truce.' 

31. 'AAAa 7j/j.€?s k. t. \., but ice (thinking that no one would willingly un- 
dertake the embassy) have requested, &c. kcl\ .... (Tktjpovv, and endeavor 

to pitch his tent on strongly fortified and advantageous places, i. e. take 
every precaution to defend himself against the violence of a mob. 

32. ?;Sews, with gladness such as results from a hope of acceptance. 

33. tol fxeyiara, things of the greatest moment, i. e. good faith towards her- 
alds, a just regard for the rights of others, &c. Of Se 897. Dind., Born., 

and Pop. translate ov, ubi, referring to Greece. Cf. YI. 6. § 16. But Kriig. 
makes ov a pronoun referring to iiraivov, and after Lion adopts the order : ris 
$lv 7),aas — eTratvecrete rov zttcuvov ov irdvrcay ol6fxe&o, rev^eo'&cu. This is forced 
and unnatural. Bender the passage : being such (i. e. so lawless), icho tooidd 
bestow praise upon us, where (i. e. in Greece) we hope to be praised by all i 



CHAPTER VIII. 

1. BUrju xmoffx^Vi should be tried. xp° vov - S. § 196; H. § 567 ; K. 

§ 158. 4. Sxp\e (2 aor. of b<p\io~K&v<ti) .... /uvas, was fined for negligently 

guarding the cargoes of the transport-ships (1. § 16) the deficit, 20 mince. For 
the construction of rrjs (pvXcucrjs, which Kriig. rightly translates secors custo- 
dia, see S. § 194. 1 ; H. § 577. a; K. § 158. 6. xPW^ T(aj/ depends on <pv\a- 
Kys. to fie'icapa, with which fivas is in apposition, follows 2><p\€, and refers to 
the deficiency in the cargoes, resulting from the negligence of those who kept 
guard over them. &px&v of the ships (3. § 1). KarvfieXei. Sturz sup- 
plies rrjs apxys, in the sense of munus, duty. (pdcKovres, asserting. On 

the use of <pdo~Kco, cf. Butt, § 109. I. 2; Mt. § 215. 2. 

2. Aefaz/ra has -nod Kal iirX^yij for its object, r<£ plyei. Cf. IT. 

4. §11. 

3. diov is put in the gen. by attraction with its omitted antecedent. S. 

§§ 175. 1 ; 76. 1 ; H. § 808 ; C. § 751. oXvov .... irapop, and ivhen it was 

not possible for us to catch the scent of wine (S. § 192. 1 ; H. § 576 ; C. § 555). 

This expression shows the extreme scarcity of the article. oh ... . iyyi- 

yvecr&ai, who are said to be insensible to fatigue, on account of their viciousness. 
Xenophon means to say, that if unmoved by the dreadful sufferings of the 
soldiers, he was abusive and insolent, he must have evinced a viciousness un- 
surpassed by that of the ass, which no amount of labor could subdue. 

fi&vcav Trapcfurja-a / did I abuse you when I was intoxicated? This does not im- 



382 NOTES. [BookV. 

ply that Xenophon was ever guilty of drunkenness, any more than the pre- 
vious interrogatory proves him to have been addicted to paederasty. 

5. et 6ttAit€voi c? et efy 6ir\iT7]s. Ovk z(py}, he said, No. The negative 

properly belongs to oirKireveiv understood. 

6* ? H . . . . airdycov ; are you the man who was carrying a sick person ? 
Nai fxa Al y , yes indeed. 

T. orb before 4/jloI is strongly emphatic. kclI yap &£iov, for now it is 

worth while. 

8. KareXelirero, was on the point of being left behind. S. § 211. N". 12; 

H. §702; K. §152. R. 4. (d). togovtov = togovtov \l6vqv. '6ri=: 

0<TOV rovro, on. C. § 757. 

9. 2uye077, assented to. irpovire^a by crasis for irpoeirefixpa. 

10. 'OirSaa ye PovXercu is a phrase of indifference =just as he pleases. 

'Ej/rav&a .... \4yeis == it is true, as you say, that then I struck you. 

elSSri ioucevai, to appear like one who knew. 

11. Ti ovv, what then? tjttou n airefraveu, lit. did he any the less die, 

i. e. nothing was gained by this trouble, since after all the man died. tov- 

tov, i. e. our being subject to death. 

12. 6\iyas (sc. ir\7)y as), few blows in comparison with what he deserved. 
Hence 6\iyas is here = too few. 

13. ocois .... tfpfcei, as many as were content to be saved. Uvrwv Kal 

fiaxofieyuu. Matthise (§ 556. Obs. 3) refers these participles to v/xas, the 
change of case resulting from a kind of anacoluthon. Perhaps it is better to 
regard them as gen. absolutes, thrown in for the sake of giving emphasis to the 

thought. Cf. Mt. §561. iiroiodfiev. S. § 211. N. 10; H. §701; K. 

§ 152. R, 4. awwXofie&a. The aor. here confines the result to a single 

case = (each time that we did thus) we should have all been destroyed. See 
Mt. § 508. b (end). 

14. Ka&e(6}jL€j/os ffvxvbv xp^ vov ^ having sat a considerable time. On this 
aoristic use of Ka&e(6jjL€i/os, cf. Butt. § 114. p. 242; also Butt. Irreg. Verbs, 

p. 130. Karifjiabov auacras fjt6\is, I perceived that I could scarcely rise. 

When the participle, after verbs of knowing, hearing, seeing, &c, has the 
same subject as that of the verb, it is put in the nom. (Butt. § 144. 6 ; Mt. 
§ 548) ; and if it denotes an action, coinciding in time with the finite verb and 
completed along with it, the participle is in the same tense. Mt. § 559. p. 975. 

15. vyp6r7)Ta, suppleness, flexibility of the limbs. rb 5e KaSr}<r&ai .... 

daKTv\ovs, but I saw, that sitting down and remaining still, produced congeal- 
ment of the blood and rotting off of the toes. 

IT. Kal yap oZv. Cf. K. on I. 9. § 8. irapa rb SiKaioj/, contrary to 

what is just, unjustly. rl peya .... Xanftavsw, what injury so great could 

they have suffered, as that they could hope to obtain satisfaction for it ? 

air\ovs 9 simple, ingenuous, when used of an oration is opposed to f>nr\ovs, 
double, artificial, ambiguous. 



Chap. VIIL] NOTES. 383 

19. eV evSict (ev, Aios), in fine weather = free from perils and hardships. 

20. SdXaTTa fxeyd\r) (== magnum mare, Lucret. II. 554), a high sea, swell- 
ing waves. vsvfxaTos jjlSvov = the least departure from duty. Trpwpevs. 

This officer who was next in rank to the helmsman, commanded in the prow, 
and had the oversight of the rowers. Kv^epv^rns. He had the chief man- 
agement of the ship, and sat as helmsman, on an elevated seat in the stern. 

eV t£ roiovTcp, at such a time. For the use of the article, see Mt. 

§ 265. 7. 

21. exovT€s £l(p7] ov \p-f)<povs y L e. not being restricted to the mere declara- 
tion of opinion, but having ample means to punish Xenophon for ill-timed or 
excessive severity. 

22. ££ov<r(av, license. vfipi&iv icaures axrrovs, by permitting them to 

be insolent. robs avrovs .... vfipio-TOTdrovs, you will find that the same 

persons who were then most remiss, are now the most insolent. 

23. 5t6^ct%6TO .... Qepeip, refused to carry his shield under pretence of 
sickness. For the construction of Bi€(xdx^ro — /x^ cpepeiv, cf. X. on I. 3. § 2 
(beginning). cta-oSe'Su/eei/, he has stripped, i. e. plundered. 

24. tovtov . . . .iroiovcri, you will treat him contrary (ravavria. S. § 198. 

2 ; H. § 587. f.) to the manner in which they treat dogs. SiSeWz, pres. 

3 pers. plur. of tiBtiyn (a poetic form of SeV), as T&tacn is formed from ri&w/jLi 
(S. § 123; H. § 400. 2. h). Carmichael sub hacvoce quotes Porson's remark : 
"the Attic bee (i. e. Xenophon) does not dislike words and phrases both poetic 
and Doric, of which no trace is found in other Attic writers, when they give 
elegance and vigor to his style." 

25. aTrrix^oix-qv. The aor. is here used for the perf. Cf. S. § 211. X. 14; 

H. § 706; C. § 807; K. § 152. R. 6. fx^vn^e. S. § 211. X. 6; H. 

§ 712 ; K. § 152. E. 2. el Se . . . . iireKovp^a'a, but if I protected any one 

from the storm. Mt. § 411. 5. tovtuv ovdels ix^ixvnrai, no one remembers 

these things, i. e. makes no mention of these services. 

26. Treptcyej/ero, he was superior to his accusers, i. e. he was honorably ac- 
quitted. Some give this as the sense : and the result was that things turned 
out well ; the affair had a favorable termination. 



384 NOTES. [Book VI. 



BOOK VI. 
CHAPTER I. 

d. KaTcucdiJLGvoi after the Oriental manner. crrifido'Lv, couches made of 

grass, straw, or leaves. 4k KEparivwv irorr]pia>u 9 out of cups of horn. 

5» cnroi/Sal, libations. The Greeks at feasts, before drinking, made a liba- 
tion to the good spirit (aya&ov Saifxovos) of unmixed wine, of which each 
guest drank a little. This ceremony was accompanied with the singing of the 
pagan and the music of flutes. Afterwards mixed (i. e. diluted) wine was 
brought in, and with the first cup the guests drank to Aibs ^.coTrjpos. After 
the cnroj/dal were made, the Zsiirvov, dinner, closed, and at the introduction of 
the dessert (Seurepai rpdircfai) the (rvfnr6(riGv commenced. At the symposia, 
music and dancing with various other amusements were introduced, and 
sprightly conversation, sallies of wit, and the discussion of the subjects of the 
day, enlivened and gave interest to the entertainment. Cf. Smith's Diet. pp. 

321, 832, 926. irpbs av\bu = to the music of the flute. ireirX^y ivai, to 

have been killed. tsx vik &s 7rws, by some kind of trick. 

6. avinpayov. They thought the man was really slain. ^itclXkolv, i. e. 

a song in which were sung the praises of Sitalcas, one of their kings, cele- 
brated for his goodness. Qetpepov &s T&vr\K6Ta, bore him forth (for burial) 

as if he zoere dead. 

7# Kapiralav, karpaia, a mimetic dance. S. § 181. 2; H. § 547. b; K. 
§ 159. 2; C. § 630. 

8. arelpci Kal fcvyTjXare?. This was done in pantomime. Xyo'T'fis, i. e. 

a pretended robber. iv pv&fjL$ irpbs rbv av\6j/, rhythmically to the flute, 

i.e. in time with the music of the flute. t& x**P € - & § 157. 1. b; 

H. § 521. 

9. Kal tots — tot€ 5e, at one time — at another. &s tivo ai/TiT<xTTOju.4vwi/ 9 

as if two were opposed to him. e J €Kuj8io*To, threw himself head foremost, 

i. e. he performed a kind of somerset. 

10. TlepciKSu, sc. 6pxnfia 9 a Persian dance, which, from the genuflexions 
with which it was performed, was called oK\a<r/xa. Cf. Cyr. VIII. 4. § 12. 

11. irpoaSBoLs, solemn thanksgivings, when paeans were sung to Apollo and 
the other gods. 

12# Tlvppix'nt'- The movements of this war-dance were very light and 



Chap. L] NOTES. 385 

rapid. Hence the name of the Pyrrhic foot (v u). In the Doric states, where 
its origin is to be traced, it served as a preparation for war, but at Athens and 
other of the non-Doric cities, it was merely mimetic to entertain company. It 
was introduced to the public games at Rome by Julius Caesar. 

13. at Tp^d^evai. A sportive exaggeration of what is narrated, I. 
10. § 3. 

15. 'ApfjL-fjurjv, now called Ak-Liman, i.e. the "White Harbor. peSi- 

livovs. The medimnus was the principal dry-measure of the Greeks, and con- 
tained 11 galls. 7.1456 pints. Kcpd/ua. This was a liquid-measure con- 
taining 5 galls. 7.577 pints. Cf. Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 616. 

18. vik&o-qs, SC. yveburjs, the prevailing opinion, i. e. the will of the 
majority. 

20. -n-T] ijlzi/ corresponds with ovore 5' ad, § 21 infra. Cf. X. on III. 1. 

§ 12. vonlfav, when he refected. tvxov, accus. abs. used adverbially, 

perchance, possibly. S. § 226. a; H. § 792. a; C. g 643. 

21. avroKpdropa yeyeoSai ap%ovra, to be commander-in-chief. t))v irpo- 

cipyacr/xeu^v 8o£ay, the glory which he had previously obtained in conducting 
the retreat of the army. 

22. Bvo Up€?a. Zeune remarks, that two or more victims were brought to 
the altar, so that if auspicious omens did not attend the sacrifice of the first, 
another might be slain. 

23. Seftoy. "When the Greeks were seeking omens from the flight of 
birds, they stood with the face to the north. Hence the favorable quarter of 
the heavens was on their right. The Romans, on the contrary, when taking 
auguries of this sort, looked towards the south, and therefore the propitious 
region of the heavens was on their left. This will account for the apparent 
disagreement in the writings of the two people, the Roman omen on the left 
being fortunate, which to the Greek would have been unlucky, and vice versa. 
As it respects the kind of omens, sometimes the mere appearance of a bird was 
deemed sufficient (especially if it appeared to a traveller on his road) ; thus the 
Athenians always considered the appearance of an owl as a lucky sign ; hence 
the proverb, y\av£ 'iTrrarai, the oiul is out == we shall have good luck." 
Smith's Diet. Gr. and Rom. Antiq. p. 348. on fxiyas /xhy olwvbs is con- 
formed to eXeyey, the construction suited to &crirep being piyav fxkv olwvov. 

ixiyas, i. e. portending great things. ovk IBlcdtikos. The omen was 

to a person of official dignity, inasmuch as the eagle was the bird of Zeus. 
imirovos, portentous of great toil. xp^aricn/coV, relating to an in- 
crease of wealth. fiaWov, sc. -}) Kafrfifievov, rather than while in a sitting 

posture. 

25. Trpoe&dWoyTo avr6v, they proposed him (i. e. Xenophon). 

26. enrep av&pa-nSs eljuu = since I have all the feelings of a man, in respect 

to an appointment so honorable. i/xol .... tovto, nor furthermore do I 

ih ink it at all safe for me. 

17 



386 NOTES. [Book VI. 

28. irepa, beyond, is here taken absolutely (Butt. Lexil. No. 91), somewhat 

in the sense of virep rb fxirpop. &Kvpov, tvithout authority = null and 

void. 

29. e? Tiva. He seems to refer to Chirisophus, and therefore, in order to 
give no offence, employs ax&ofxevov instead of (TTCMrid&vTa. 

31. irXziovos ivddov, there ivas need of a more cogent reason, viz., that 

drawn from the will of the gods. ofxvvco .... irdo-as. The same formula 

of swearing is found, VII. 6. § 18 ; Cyr. VI. 4. § 6. So Demosth. de Cor., 
to?s &eo?s cvxofJLcu iraat Kal irdcrais. 9} [rijv confirms the oath. efxol be- 
fore imoGTrivcu limits fSeXriov. &<jti .... yv&vai = diacpavws, § 24. 

idiu>T7)v signifies in this place one who is unskilled in the science of divi- 
nation. 

32. ovtf Uv eyctfye io-racriaCoy. A similar protestation to the one made by 

Xenophon, § 29. aeyocpwyra .... eXo/jLevoi, yet, said he, you have done a 

favor to Xenophon by not choosing him. What is here said shows that 
the worst fears of Xenophon would have been realized, had he accepted 

the command offered to him. nal fxd\a .... <riyd£ovTos, and that too 

in spite of my efforts to silence him. 'O §e, i. e. Dexippus. avrbv 

refers to Xenophon, 



CHAPTER II. 

1. QepfjLcZSovTos— *lpio$. See N. on V. 6. § 9. Xenophon inadvertently 
makes these rivers to have been passed on this journey, whereas they lie be- 
tween Cotyora and Sinope. 

2. iirl tqv Kepfiepov — ttarajBrij/ai. " Male vertit Hutchinsonus ad Cerberum 
descendisse, quod esset, irpbs Kepfiepov. Verte ad Cerberum petendum descen- 
disse." Porson. 

3. Avkos, Lycus (Wolf), now called the Kilij-su or Sword river, names 
given it doubtless from its sudden and destructive risings. 

4. @au/xa£o — rwv o-rpar^ywp. The gen. in this case, shows in whom a 
certain quality is found, which quality is contained in the proposition begin- 
ning with on ov. I zvonder at the generals = I wonder at this (i. e. on .... 
triTvptcriov) in the generals. Cf. Mt. § 317, Obs. ; S. § 193; H. § 511. a; 
C. § 551. 

5. v AAAos .... fxvpiovs, another said, l not less than ten thousand? The 

ellipsis of e/ceAeucre cdreiv gives life to the passage. rnxwv Ka^nfxevcoy, while 

we are sitting here in consultation. 

6. TTpov$d\\ovTo, they began to nominate. Oi 5 s laryjvp&s a~efA.dxovro t 

but they wholly declined the service. 

8# tV ayopdv, the market, i, e. provisions sold in the market. 



Chap. III.] XOTES. 387 

9. SiacpSeiptiv tt)p irpa^Lv follows firiui/ro as the gen. denoting the crime. 
S. § 194. 4; H. § 577. b; C. § 553; K. § 158. 6. EL 

10. eVa 'A&rjvcuov. They considered Xenophon as the real leader, although 

Chirisophus had been chosen to the office. rb S* . . . . sivai, but that the 

rest of the army was nothing comparatively.' kclI ^\v 8e k. t. X. An ex- 
planatory clause thrown in by the historian. 

14. ahroi refers to Chirisophus and Xeon. Sia ravra, i. e. for the rea- 
sons just mentioned. ro?s yeyevruxtvois, i. e. his loss of the chief command, 

and the desertion of his soldiers. 

15. eri [x£v, for some time. irapa/j.dpamas refers to the third division 

of the army, spoken of in the following section. 

17. Kara ixicrov ttqjs rrjs 0pa/c7]s, about the middle of Tlirace. 



CHAPTER III. 

1. *Ov fi\v olv k. t. \. Schneid., Kriig., and some others, make this exor- 
dium to commence the sixth book. It is omitted in the Eton MSS., and 
bracketed by Dind., Born., and Poppo. 

2. Oi fxkv 'Ap/caSes, i. e. the division which followed Lycon and Callima- 
chus, and were now led by ten generals. rb avrov Xaxos, his own divi- 
sion (literally, lot, portion), consisting of 450 men. 

3. ^ivvefiaKovTo 5e na\ \6<pov, they agreed also upon a hill. 

4. rb crvyKeifMevov, sc. x 0) p' l0v '> ^ ie P^ ace °f rendezvous. 

5. ricos, i. e. until they came to the ravine. rpeirovrai, sc. oi QpoKes. 

aTTOKTivvvacrt, 3 pers. plur. pres. of airoKrivwiii. S. § 123 ; H. § 402. 2. 

h. \6xov limits crrpartdoras understood, with which 6ktw ixovovs agrees. 

6. ae! TrAeiWes crvvippeov, the numbers were continually increasing. 

7. ol 5e refers to the Thracians. iTriotev, sc. oi "EAA^es. 

8. TUiv i*kv refers to the Greeks, roiv Se to the Thracians. re\evrwjn-€s y 

at last. 

10. ra. fxkv &AAa, i. e. the other conditions of the treaty. ovk eSi'Soow, 

were unwilling to give, "usu in hoc verbo frequentissimo." Krlig. Iv rov- 

rcp Icxcro, hi this thing the treaty hung, i. e. the disagreement respecting the 
giving of hostages put a stop to the treaty. 

11. *Eevo(pG)VTi — 7ropsvojj.€i>ci<, while Xenophon was marching. Cf. Butt. 
§ 145. 5 ; Mt. § 562. 2. 

12. et £k£voi. The common reading is cl na\ ineivoi airoXovvrai, also if 
they perish, a sense not unsuited to the context. 

14. crparoTrefevd/j^a. S. §218. 2 ; H. § 720. a; K. §153. (a); C. 

§ 525. Kaipbs refers to time, i. e. time for supper. Some refer it to a 

place suitable for pitching a camp, and at a convenient distance from the 



388 NOTES. [Book VL 

enemy. Weiske thinks that reference is had to a due amount of exercise, 
so that the army might partake of their repast before becoming greatly 
fatigued. 

15. This section is parenthetic. els ra ?r?^dyia 9 i. e. the parts lateral to 

their march. naieiv in order that these numerous fires might strike the 

Thracians with terror. Cf. § 19 infra. 

16. Xpva-6iro\Lj/, Chrysopolis, the Golden city, now called Uskudar or Scu- 
tari, the Asiatic suburb of Constantinople, on the eastern shore of the mouth 
of the Bosphorus. 

IT. ko.ki6v i<rri diaKivdweveii', it is more hazardous to encounter danger. 

els ravrbv iAfroj/Tas, having come into the same 'place z= having united 

our forces. koivt) .... execd-cu, to make common cause in effecting our 

safety, exetrfrat with the gen. signifies, to cleave to, to keep hold of. Cf. 

Mt. § 330. 6; S. § 192. 1; H. § 574. b. Trapaa-Kevacrafievovs t))v yvdo- 

fx-qv, having come to the determination. &s vvv — ferny, that now is 

the time. 

18. robs peya\7)yop'f)0'av7as ws irXeov (ppovovvTas, those loho boasted of 
having wisdom superior to us. Taireivuxrcu, to humble. This beautiful sen- 
timent reminds us of a letter of the Sultan Barsebai, quoted by Stocker (N. on 
Herod. VII. 10. § 5) from De Sacy's Chrestom. Arab. "These are the 
words of the Most High : l How many times has it not happened by divine 

permission, that a small troop has vanquished a numerous army ! ' " 

airb 7w Sew apxojj.ei'ovs = beginning every enterprise by asking counsel of 
the gods. 

19. e<p* ocrov tcaXws elx^y as far as it was proper. eiwrapiSvTes, going 

up. Cf. Thucyd. V. 10. § 8, with Bloomfield's note. tj <rTparia = oi 

6ir\?Tai, by its opposition to the preceding ol ireXracrTCLi. 

22. eXavSavov .... yevojxevoi, found themselves unawares upon the hill. 
iiroAiopKovvTo has the force of the pluperfect. 

23. t&v KaraXeAeiixei/wv, i. e. the old men and women, spoken of in the 
preceding section. 

21. Kara .... odov, in the way leading to Calpe. a<pLKovro els to abr6, 

i. e. crvyefxi^au aXX-fjXois. Kriig. 

25. tovto, i. e. an attack upon them by night. 

26. ra 7ra/? 5 tytu*', our situation. 



CHAPTER IV. 

1. T?j eV ry 'Ada. The Thracians had long before this crossed over on 
the Asiatic side of the Bosphorus, and spread themselves in the fertile plains 
of Mvsia and Phrvgia. 



Chap. IV.] NOTES. 389 

2. Kal Tpi-fipct .... ir\ovs. The idea is, that the distance from Byzantium 
to. Heraclea could only be rowed by a galley in one of the longest days. 

rifxipas irXovs is like our expression, ' a day's sail.' iKTriizrovras, being 

shipwrecked. 

3. ip t?7 3-aAarT77 irpofcel/jLej/ov, extended into the sea = a promontory. 

rb fxep — tca&riKOVj o 8e avxyv, an d to 5 s ivrbs — x®?' iOV are m apposition with 
TrpoKeijj.evoj/ xwpiov, as parts subjoined to a whole. Mt. § 432. 3. iori, how- 
ever, may be supplied after these nominatives. ai>xw, neck of land. The 

foundation of this metaphor is obvious. ivrbs rod avx&os = comprised 

within the limits of the promontory. av&p6i:ois limits iKavov, and the 

infin. olK?)(rai is referable to S. § 222. 5. 

7. els 5e . , . . ysvoi-xsvov. The usual interpretation, and one which is 
adopted by Weiske, Zeune, Born., Pop., and Kriig., is " in loco qui facile 
futurus fuisset oppidiwi." 

8. iirl ravTTjv rr]u iiicr&o<popav =for the sake of hire merely. The demon- 
strative pronoun here expresses emphasis. C-f. Mt. § 472. b. ol /jlIu kg\ 

tivdpas ayouresj ol 5e Kal irpocav^XcoKOTES xp^/ JLC ' Ta " ^ ne text is so obscure, 
and the efforts of distinguished critics have proved so fruitless in restoring 
what may be deemed the true reading, that I shall only adduce Borne- 
mann's solution, which on the whole seems preferable, viz., to reject &v- 
dpas from the text, and read ol ^uei> Kal ayovrss, ol Se Kal i?po(ravT]X<aK6Tes 
XpT}p-a>Ta., some bringing their fortunes (with them), and others having al- 
ready spent theirs. rovrcou erepoi, others of these. Kriiger regards 

erepoi as here implying comparison, others than these. Cf. Mt. § 366. d ; 
S. § 198. 2; H. § 585. h. iroXKa teal ayaSa, tr parr e ii> = had amassed great 
fortunes. 

9« crvvSoov depends upon vcrripa. See X. on tovtuv zrepoi, § 8. rovs 

vexpovs, i. e. those who had been slain by the Thracians. Kal oi>x ohv 

k. r. A. Decomposition had so far progressed that the bodies could not be re- 
moved from the place. e&a\pav .... KaKXicrra, they buried with all the 

honors their circumstances icoidd permit, e/c twv vTrapxovrcai/, according to 
their means. Cf. e/c r&v dwar^y, IV. 2. § 23. 

11. Kara x&P av • • • • CTpaTtvpa, that the army shoidd resume the same 
order which it had before the defection of the Arcadians. 

12. y H8?7, immediately. 'H^ets, i. e. the generals. e? irore &\Aore, 

if ever at any other time you were prepared to fight. 

13» fJLtcr&c0o~dfjL€i'os, having hired. " ixicrbooi, I let out; (xia^ovfjiai n, / 
cause to let out to myself, i. e. I hire.''' 1 Butt. § 135. 8. 

16. etV Tp/s, as many as three times. Cf. Tig. p. 226. XIV. & ex oyr€S 

fjx&ov, which they had when they came. 

18. ws . . . . on. Matthias (§ 539. 2) cites this passage as illustrative of his 
remark, that " sometimes the construction of a proposition, which properly is 
independent, is connected with a parenthesis," on here depending upon jjtcov- 



390 NOTES. [Book VI. 

era. Poppo and Kriiger, however, find here two modes of construction com- 
bined in one proposition, the writer proceeding with on, as though he had not 
commenced with ws. Cf. Mt. § 632. 

19* ^ . . . . Up&V) since the sacrifices ivere not propitious. 

20. <Tx*$bv .... (TTparid, almost all the army. fiia, .... ttugiv, because 

it concerned all. 

21 o 'tcrcos .... thjuv, i?erhaps the victims may be favorable to us. Cf. 
Thucyd. Y. 54. § 2. 

22. Tpo&viAe?<7&ai €t tl iv tovtco €bq. Of the various solutions given to 
this troublesome passage, that seems most satisfactory which supplies ckottw 
before et (Mt. § 526), and refers rovrcp to t<£ bv^ri understood from i&vovro: 
to pay close attention to the circumstances attending this sacrifice. 

24. ov fioiou irevraKoo-iovs. Bornemann, following the common reading, 
inserts -/) after fAuov. For its omission, cf. Mt. § 455. Obs. 4. 

25. rpLOLKovra. Kriiger edits irevT-httovra, on the ground that rpi6.Kovra 
would make the number too small. But it should be remembered that prompt 
assistance was needed, and hence the young and active were selected for 
the relief-party. 



CHAPTEE V. 

2. £irei-6dia, sc. lepd. This sacrifice was offered by generals before setting 
out on an expedition, in order to ascertain from the accompanying signs 
whether the enterprise would be successful or not. 

4. 'E7re2 5' . . . . avrovs, when the captains and soldiers (of Neon) had left 
(Weiske, vellent relinquere, but Born, more correctly, reliquissent) them, i. e. 
Neon and rbv 5e ox^ov Kal ra avdpdiroda. 

7. e|w t&v KoofjL&v, outside of the villages so as not to be molested by the 
enemy. ivrbs tt?s (paAayyos, within the phalanx. No parties were per- 
mitted to leave the lines for the sake of plunder. 

9. \6%ovs (pvXanas, companies of reserve. ol iro\4ynoi .... aieepaiovs, 

the enemy, when thrown into disorder (by the main body of the Greeks), may 
meet these bodies (of reserve being) in good order and vigorous, anepaiovs, lit- 
erally, not having mixed with the combatants; hence fresh, vigorous for 
action. 

10# cos (jl$) kcrtiKoofiev, so that ice may not be standing still, which would 
appear to the enemy the result of fear. 

13. r 6 ri . . . . Tropeiav, what it was which stopped the march. S. § 225. 1 ; 
H. § 786 ; K. § 148. 6. 

14. ovdeva .... i&eXovcrioj/, have never led you into unnecessary (literally, 
voluntary) danger, irpo^veca, to be the irpS^vos of one, to introduce one to 



Chap. VI.] NOTES. 391 

another, as a irp6£zvos would, the citizen of a state connected by hospitality ; 
hence tropically, to lead one into a place or situation. As parallel to kivUvvov 
£&e\ov<rioy, cf. eKov<riav Kivdwcw, Thucyd. YII. 8. § 3 ; av&aipsrovs kiMvovs, 
VIII. 27. § 3. There are some, however, who prefer to join i&€\ov<riou to the 

preceding fie. ov yap .... aydp€LOT7]ra, for I see you in no want of glory 

as it relates to bravery, i. e. glory resulting from bravery. 

16. ixGrafiaXkoiAivovs, sc. ra, oirXa, with weapons turned away (literally 
changed) = with the back to the enemy. 

18. Tb dh . . . . aPiov; since ice must fight, is it not an advantage worth 
seizing upon, to a m oss over and place a valley in our rear / The subject of this 

sentence is rb — TToi^aacr^ai. evTropa. Some of the greatest masters in 

the science of war, have laid it down as a rule, to leave open to the enemy 
a way of retreat, in order that they may not fight with the bravery of 
despair. 

19i rcoy &/0^wv ay oia7re7ropeuyue,3-a x (a ?' i0iV ^J attraction for rwv 'aKKiav %&- 
picoy a SiaireTropevfjLe&a. 

20. &pety6fj.€&a, fut. mid. shall support ourselves. 

21. olccvol aidioL refers to the eagle spoken of, § 2 supra. fafxev iirl 

robs avopas. The asyndeton gives life and force to the exhortation. 

22. r) . . . . &v, in whatever part of the valley each one happened to be. 

TTjv yiepvpav. This shows that the vdiros was a marshy valley, or that in 

certain seasons of the year water flowed through it as in a x a P^P a - Some 
think that y£<pvpav in this passage means nothing more than a narrow way. 
QsixTipvovro, they defiled. 

25. Spo/jLy dicoKeiv, to go running. The transitive sense of Siwkw is the 
more usual one. Cf. Butt. Lexil. No. 40. p. 232. 
29. aizifravov §' bxiyoi refers to the enemy. 



CHAPTER VI. 

2. i\djj.^avov ol i£i6vT€$, i. e. the plunder belonged to those who took it. 
Schneider added the article, which is retained in the best editions. 

3. Karriyov, sc. ras vavs, brought their ships into port. 

5. rivh olxfaevoi &Woi aAA^fl^he readings of the MSS. are various. 
The text is Dindorf's, which Poppo approves, and which differs Only from 
Schneider's reading in the substitution of frWoi for aWos. Born, proposes 
rivh olxo^voi 6,\Ko(te, which gives no suitable sense to the passage. The 
conjecture of Kriig. is worthy of consideration, that koI should be placed after 
olxoy^voi, making aXXoi els rb opos refer to a party who had gone to the 
mountain (4. § 5) for wood, there being no villages whence plunder could be 
taken. etA^etraz/ refers to iirl teiav rates olx^^voi, who it seems had 



392 NOTES. [Book VI. 

straggled away from the main body, and fallen in with large flocks of sheep 
pastured upon the mountains. 

T. irepirvx&J', falling in with. auaKaXovures rbu TrpoSSryv, exclaiming, 

u The traitor !" The article implies that Dexippus was the one to whom of 
all others the epithet irpodoTTjs belonged. Cf. Mt. § 268, p. 470 ; S. § 167. 1 ; 
H. § 535 ; C. § 696. 

8. ravra yevefffrai is an adnom. genitive after qXtlov. For the omission of 
the article, cf. Mt. § 542. b. 

9. ax&ev&eis, being chagrined. 

10. Tbv ap&vra jSaAAe*;/, i. e. the ringleader of those who attempted to 
strike Dexippus. 

11* 8ia reXovs = dia iravrSs, continually, during the whole time of the ex- 
pedition. e£ ov, i. e. on account of his friendship for Xenophon. 7rap' 

6\iyou, of little account. <pav\oy, small, trifling. 

13. ovtos, Oleander, who was then harmostes of Byzantium. Cf. VI. 4. 

§ 18. avofxovs, lawless, i.e. not subject to law, as bandits, robbers, &c. 

outos 6 \6yos, this report concerning our lawlessness. 

15. eyob fihv ovv is repeated in this sentence in consequence of the 

parenthesis commencing with kcl\ yap aicovca. vfxas rrjs ahias. S. 

§197. 2; H. § 580. 1 ; K. § 157. KaraSiicdCu ipavrov. S. § 194. 

4. c; H. § 577. b ; K. § 158. B. 7; C. § 553. ttjs i<rx&rris Mkt)s, i.e. 

death. 

18. ^7/ iKdcore — iroXefieTre. In prohibitions or entreaties, the aor. sub- 
junct. or pres. imperat. follows fxi], according as the action is to be expressed 
as momentary or continued. Cf. Butt. § 148. 3; Mt. § 511. 3 ; S. § 218. 3; 
II. §§ 720. b ; 723. a. 

22. i(p> J <£ re, for the purpose of. Ael-imrov, The repetition of his 

name gives emphasis to the treachery charged upon him in awodpdvra and 
irpodovTa. 

23. to inl rovrcp, as far as it depended upon him. airo\d)\ajjLsv 

a aliquanto vividius est quam si dixisse airco\6fxfxta &v. n Kriig. "Hkovs 

yap, iccnrep i]fjLz?s k. r. A. It appears that the first definite information 
respecting these impassable rivers, was received by the Greeks at Cotyora 
(V. 6. § 9), after Dexippus had deserted. Reference in this place is there- 
fore doubtless had to some general report of the difficulties attending a 
journey by land, made to the Greeks while they lay at Trebizond. 

24. Tovtov .... a(j>€i\6fx7]v, from a fellow of such a character I rescued 
the man. Cf. N. on III. 1. § 30. 

27. el kolI may be rendered although, when as here the apodosis is 
negative. 

28. Iva .... fj.7)dels, that no one might noise it abroad. tols K-pcrra^s 

refers to the party who had taken the irp6(3ara (§ 5 supra), and wished, 
through the aid of Dexippus, to keep them as private booty. 



Chap. VI.] NOTES. 393 

30* ApanSi/Tiov. The same who presided over the games, IV. 8. § 25. 
The reader cannot but sympathize with the army in the interest which they 
felt for Agasias, than whom to no captain were they more indebted for the 
retreat which they had so successfully and gloriously made. 

34. to) Sid;, i. e. Castor and Pollux. aurioi — yj, other than — different 

from. 

36. aAAa, well then. e/ce?(re, i. e. at Byzantium. 

38. XpvcroiroXiv (see N*. on 3. § 16) may be regarded as the place where 
the Retreat of the Ten Thousand terminated, what follows having no direct 
connection with the Expedition of Cyrus. 

17* 



394 NOTES. [Book VII. 



BOOK VII. 
CHAPTER I. 

8. d 5e fi'f], otherwise. Cf. N. on IV. 3. § 6. ov ra%h itepirei, is 

slowly creeping out. This shows the reluctance with which the army left the 
town. 

11* '6ri . . . . aiTidcrercu, that he should blame himself for the consequences. 
The threat is designedly ambiguous. 

13. Kvvlaricos. " Haud dubie Laco qui in Chersoneso bellum cum Thraci- 
bus gessit." Zeune. 

IT. tV X^V (literally, the claw) here signifies the projecting stone work 
which protected the walls next to the sea from the force of the waves. By 
clambering up this mole, the soldiers were enabled to scale the walls and enter 
the city. 

19. eudov, i. e. within their houses. So Weiske. 

20. Xa\K7)d6j/os 9 now Cadiqua (KaStKioiou) opposite Constantinople, on the 
northern shore of the Marmora. 

22. 'AAA' e3 T6 Aeyere. By apparently acceding to the wishes of the army, 
Xenophon succeeded in restoring order, and prevented the soldiers from com- 
mitting those excesses which in the end would have proved fatal to their best 
interests. 

25. $?.... xapc £c£jU6&a, but if we should indulge our wrath, i. e. give scope 

to our desires for vengeance. r)\v ovdeu ahiai/ 9 in no respect to blame. 

& effTCLi svTev&zv = what will be the consequences. 

27. iv rrj ir6\ei, i. e. iv rrj aKpoir6\€i. Cf. Thucyd. II. 24. exovres, 

having charge of i. e. the cities here spoken of, committed themselves to the 
patronage and guardianship of the Athenians. 

30. rots tqqv 'EAA^ww .... rvyx&veiv, by persuading the masters of the 

Greeks (i. e. the Lacedaemonians) to endeavor to obtain your rights. yfias 

de? k. t. A., i. e. by an impotent attempt to avenge your own wrongs, you 
ought not to preclude yourselves from your own country. 

33. Kafrrifxevow, " remaining in quiet expectation." Belf. crparrjyiwVy 

desiring the office of a general. els cupfrovlav = a<p&6vcas. 

39. MaAa fx6\is, " non sine magna difficultate." Sturz. 

41. 'Eirel .... avr$ 9 lit. but when there was wanting much to him y L e. 



Chap. II. III.] NOTES. 395 

when he fell far short of having enough provisions, so that each soldier might 
have one day's allowance. a7rei7rc6j/, resigning. 



CHAPTER II. 

3t ra oir\a airoSidSiAevoi) selling their weapons. 

5. ocov ov 7rapei7/, lit. he was only not present = he was almost present. 
The phrase is elliptical : he was only so much wanting as was necessary to 
make him not present. Cf. Butt, § 150. p. 439 ; H. § 848. d ; C. § 757. N. 

7. Kara ra cvyKzi/xepa, according to agreement. Cf. VII. 1. § 2. 'Ava- 

fyfiiov fjLeu 7/;ueA77<7e. A merited recompense for the treachery and cupidity of 
the Spartan admiral. 

8. Tlipiv&ov, Perinthus, a city of Thrace, TV. of Byzantium, now called 
Erekli. 

9. &s BiafincrSiAevoi, hoping to cross over. Cf. X. on I. 1. § 7. 

10. avr£ .... 'ireio'eii', saying what he thought (i. e. making such promises 

as he thought) would induce him. ovShv .... yeyeo'&ai, none of tliese 

things, or, nothing of this sort was possible. Cf. N. on I. 3. § 17. 

12. e7T parrs nepl TTAOiW, negotiated for vessels. 

18. 7rvpo7s ip'fjfjLois, i. e. fires having no guards around them. 

20. ai/air7)?)'f}cravr€S idicaKov, leaping upon their horses, they galloped away 
to inform Seuthes. 

23. Ktpara oKvov irpovirivov, they drank to one another in a horn of wine. 

26. y l3-t vvv, come now. a<pT}y7]o*ai. Xenophon here calls upon Medo- 

sades to report to Seuthes the reply made to his proposals, which Medosades 
does in the next section. 

29. Nvv roiwv, now then. 

39. (rv £\&&>v ei7T6, do you go and say to them. 

33. els .... aTTofBXeirwv, looking (for sustenance) to the table of another. 

ij/Bi<ppioS) as Kriig. remarks, is equivalent to dfiorpdir^os. Cf. § 38 

infra. 



CHAPTER III. 

2# oSbv eatrat, not to go ; literally, to let alone the way. 

3. ovros 5e 6 avrSs. Some MSS. and editions omit the article, which 
would give the signification hie ipse, instead of hie idem, a sense which the 
passage evidently demands. 

4. rovro PovXevcreo'&e, u utrum Aristarcho parendum an eundum sit ad 
Seuthen." Weiske. 



396 NOTES. [Book VII. 

5. ot tjttovSj those who are weaker than you. r\s = tKaffros (i. e. Seu-! 

thes and Aristarchus), S. § 165. N. 1. 

T. irXelcrTwi' anovovTW, in the hearing of as many as possible. avrco, 

i. e. Xenophon. 

8. virb efej/io-^-af, we shall think ourselves hospitably entertained by you. 

10. ra i/ofu£6p€va, that which is customary. Cf. VII. 2. § 36. efa>, 

in addition to. a£ic6<T(o avros. S. § 160. 4. (b); H. § 669. b; C. § 733. 

K. tVa ravra dian&efxei'os, in order that by the sale of it. 

lit dict>Keiv Ka\ fxacreveiv, to pursue and search out. 

13t x^^ v yup 6 ^7- For tne omission of on before this opt., cf. Mt. § 529. 
3. ctiprifia. Cf. ST. on II. 3. § 18. 

16. ecroiTo, sc. on from the preceding context. 

17. iced ev teal KaK&s Troiely is regarded by Bloomfield (N. on Thucyd. VIII. 

82. § 3), as almost an adagial expression. frfiewov vfuv diane'io'erai, it will 

be disposed of more to your advantage. 

18t raTridas, carpets. Totavra irpovixvaro, " talibus verbis hortatus 

dona captabat." TVeiske. 

19t faXoi twv v/ASTcpow. Zeune thinks that Alcibiades is here alluded to. 
Cf. Corn. STep. Alcib. VII. 4. See also Hell. II. 1. § 25. 

21 1 Ka&niihois. The Thracians sat at their meals, instead of reclining as 
did the Greeks. 

22. ogov ix6vov yeto-ao-bai, sufficient only for a taste. 

23. (payeiu SewJs, a very great eater. - eta xatpciv, paid no regard to. 

rpixoiviKov. A x o ' lVL \ was one day's allowance. 

29. tfSn .... irvyx av ^ v -) f or ^ ie ^ iac ^ fy chance now drank rather too freely. 

30. tovtovs = here. S. § 163. N. 2. 

32t fxayddi. The magadis was a stringed instrument of great compass-, in- 
troduced originally into Greece from Asia Minor. The one used by Anacreon 
is said to have had twenty strings. 

45. on .... derjy that you will not need me alone^ i. e. that I alone without 

the troops can render you no essential aid. dpafxovura^ fut. mid. derived 

from the supposed theme APEMH. Cf. Butt. Irreg. Verbs, p. 247. 

46. iTp6xa(e> Carmichael (Gr. Verbs, p. 287) derives rpoxdfa from rpo- 
X&®, an Epic form of Tpe%«. 

47. rd$e 5^, sc. sct'iv, those things have happened. epriixoi, i. e. with- 
out leaders, and apart from the main army. gvgt&vtss afrpSoi irov 9 collect- 
ing somewhere. 

CHAPTER IV. 

4. a\oyir€Kidas, caps made of foxes'* skins. (apds. These seem to have 

been a kind of cassock enveloping the inner garment, as an additional protec- 
tion against the cold. 



Chap. V.] NOTES. 397 

5. ruv alxfJ-a\'J>Ta)V, SC. rivas. koX (before tovtwv), also, " sicut illorum 

vicos de quibus dictum est § 1 supra." TVeiske. tw At/x«, "which would 

follow the burning of their villages and provisions. 

7. 'ETTLcrSewns. This person must not be confounded -with the Amphipoli- 
tan Episthenes, who commanded the targeteers at Cunaxa (I. 10. § 6), and to 
whose care the Armenian youth was committed (IV. 6. § 1). 

10. /j.7]deTepop, neither. irepi\a$uv, embracing. 

11. £v . . . . Opa|t, among those called the mountain Thracians. 

12. iv ro7s <TTeyvo?s, in the covered places = in the houses. 

13. yyyvaro, pledged himself to them, became security. 

15. e<pao-aj/ refers to the Thynians who were captured. us airoKo^ov 

res, in order to break off. 

16. iruu ijBj] us oKTUKatStKa. Schneider thinks that Xenophon remarked 
on the age of this youth, because the strength of a full-grown man was requi- 
site for blowing the trumpet. 

19. to?s irpuTois, in relation to others of Seuthes's men, who came up 
afterwards. 

21. TpnrXao-lav hvvatj.iv, i. e. three times the number of troops he had, when 
the Greeks first became his allies. 



CHAPTER V. 

5. us 8e? K-f)S€<r&ai 'Sev&ov, to care for the interests of Seuthes as you ought. 

et fj.)] &\Aa>s itivvu, if you could have effected it in no other way. kc.1 

airo$6iLL€vos k. t. A. A proverbial phrase, as Bloomfield (X. on Luke 22 : 36) 
says, by which a thing is counselled to be done at any rate. Cf. Thucyd. 
VIII. 81. 

8. avru, i. e. Xenophon. ^y-iiiv^ro refers to Seuthes. 

9. en civa, further up from the sea-coast into the interior. 

13. <TTr\\a.s .... X-q'i^ovTcu, the sense is, having defined their respective 
limits with pillars, each plunders the wrecks which fall within his section. 
The following extract from Perkins's Residence in Persia, will illustrate the 
dangerous navigation of this part of the Euxine : " "We left the Bosphorus and 
entered the Black Sea about noon. A thick, damp fog still filled the atmo- 
sphere, and vividly impressed us with the appropriateness of the appellation, 
Black, or dark Sea. Prom the head of the Bosphorus, the shores, on both 
sides, recede at right angles, and, as a bend occurs in the Straits a few miles 
below, it is almost impossible for vessels coming down to find the entrance, 
3specially when the fog prevails. Terrible wrecks occur there in almost every 
itorm. Beclouded in mist and fog, the doubtful mariner creeps along, and 
uncertain, yet hoping, that he has gained the entrance, is decoyed into some 



398 NOTES. [Book VIL 

treacherous nook and dashed in a moment upon the foaming rocks. There 
are few points in any sea navigated by Europeans which are so perilous." 
p. 83. 

CHAPTER VI. 
3. irapdyetv, sc. the Lacedaemonian ambassadors. iirl £«//«, ec rpa* 

5. *Ap' ovv .... aTraycayrjs, will he not then be opposed to our leading away 
the army ? In his note on apa (jlt} 9 Soph. Electr. 446, Prof. Woolsey cites 
Buttmann's acute observation (Index to Plato's Four Dialogues, 4th ed. Berlin, 
1822) under apa, " apa fxi], sicut fx)) solum, interrogat in re incredibili, ita ta- 
men ut apa addat fere aliquam sollicitudinem, sive veram sive fictam, ne forte 
ab altero affirmetur." Cf. Mt. § 608. Obs. 3. 

15. frepl u>v == ine'ii/coi/ irepl &v, of which equivalent, ineivwv limits alrlav. 
Sturz makes irep\ u>v = Trepl ittelvcav irepl wv. 

16. ra . . . . Texj/a^Eij/, that I, having received y oar pay from Seuthes, am 

managing to deceive you. wv = sks'ivm a, of which sKeivwv depends on 

<rrepo?TO. S. § 200. 3 ; H. § 580. 1 ; K. § 157. 

IT. iav .... x/j^ara, if you exact from him the money. 

19. fx)) . . . . IVioi, no, not even as much as some of the captains. 

20. tV yvdo^nv. Xenophon uses a mild expression because Seuthes was 
present. 

21. alexin. Cf. N. on II. 3. § 22. 

22. e? 76 . . . . (pv\aK-f), " si qua est ab amicis cautioP Kriig. 

23. rovrov IvavTiov, in the presence of this man. 

24. 7rpo(rioiT€. The common reading is irpoo-inTz, which Mt. (§ 525. d) dis- 
approves, because a repeated action is spoken of. otwv. The Attics sel- 
dom use this form of the compound relative. Cf. Butt. § 77. N. 4. 

36. KaraKeKavoTes. The common reading is KaraKav6vres. Cf. Butt. Ir- 
reg. Gr. Verbs, p. 157; Carmichael, Gr. Verbs, Obs. sub voce ktcIvco; Mt. 

§498. p. 836. iv t$ fxipei Kal irapa to fxipos, u cum officio suo functus 

turn proetur officii necessitatem. iy Zeune. These words correspond to our 
phrase, c in turn and out of turn? 

41. £%6/jL€&a avrov, we shall lay hold of him. 

43. eV airopp^rcp iroLncrafMej/os, having enjoined secrecy. 



CHAPTER VII. 

3. Tipokzyofiep, we forewarn. el Se ^, otlurwise. 

6* 7jv\l(ov y remained; literally, encamped in the open air. Cf. II. 2. 



Chap. VIIL] NOTES. 399 

7. Kara Kpdros. Krlig. concurs in Weiske's conjecture, that these words 
should be placed before xApas. ^ ut & e'x<Wa>*> be substituted for emfarw, 
the difficulty, resulting from the present collocation, disappears. 

8. oi>x ottws 9 not only not. On this phrase, cf. Butt. § 150. p. 438 ; Mt. 
§ 623. 

14. rb. SUata, their wages; literally, what is just, or due. 

15. Aeyety. Supply \4ye 5^. The first of two contrary conditional 
propositions, is sometimes found without the apodosis. Cf. Butt. § 151. IV. 
2; Mt. § 617. a. 

22. Upwrou .... Kara(TTi]<TavTas, for in the first place, I know that, next 
to the gods, these have made you distinguished ; literally, have set you in a 
conspicuous place. 

24. TrXavoofjLevovs, wandering about. " Significanter pro ovras? Weiske. 

tovtwv .... &(a, the words of these are not less effectual to accomplish 

what they desire, than the force of others. 

29. avdyKr}, by necessity, is opposed to <pi\i$. 

33. iyKa\ova'ij/ i they demand in payment. This verb is used of a credi- 
tor summoning the debtor into court, in order to obtain judgment in his 
favor. 

40. Kltrxphv yccp %v, for it would have been disgraceful } For the omission 
of tv, cf. Mt. § 508. Obs. 2. 

47. crol irpoefiej/ovs svepyecriav, having been first to show you "kindness. 
Schneider says that 7rpoeVfrcu tiv\ tvepyeo-iaj/ is significantly said, "cumquis 
prior beneficium confert in aliquem, incertus an gratiam apud ilium sit initu- 
rus." Cf. Plato's Gorgias. 520. C, with Woolsey's note. 

51. Tavra .... otov re, it is impossible that these things should be so. 

53. aAA' -/) fxiKpSv ri, except a very little. 

54. vivos .... *x* lv 9 whose talent shall I say I have I i. e. I shall be 
obliged to distribute this talent (thy present) also, and then say I have 

nobody's talent in my possession ; I shall lose it. robs irirpovs. Cf. 

VII. 6. § 10. 

57. ov irpo(ry€i, did not come near the Lacedaemonian leaders who were" 
distributing the money among the soldiers. His object was to avoid cen- 
sure, by abstaining from all participation in the affair. ofaade, i. e. ws 

oUade amc&v. Kriig. 



OHAPTEE VIII. 

3. irapea'T'fia'aTo, placed by his side, caused to stand near. 

4. 'EfjLirddios, obstacle, hinderance. oKokolvtuv, to offer a holocaust, 

1. e. to burn the whole victim upon the altar* 



400 NOTES. [Book VII. 

6. TreTrpaKEi'cu, perf. infin. of 7rnrpd(rKw. Xvcrd/xevot, ransoming^ re- 
deeming, which is the leading sense of Au« in the middle. 
9. clvtov, i. e Xenophon. 

20. acpv\aKT€ii' 9 sc. rovs iroXefxiovs. 

21. ixovaas, reaching to. 

20. Zeune estimates the whole distance travelled 1039^ Saxon miles each 
= 24 British miles. 



TABLE OF MARCHES, DISTANCES, AND HALT-DATS IN 
THE ANABASIS. 



NAMES OF PLACES. 




o 

QQ 

< 
< 


GQ 

< 

R 

< 


From Sardis to the river Mosander, I. 2. § 5 


3 

1 
3 
2 

2 
3 
2 
2 
3 
5 
4 
4 
2 
1 
2 
1 
1 
4 
-5 
3 
9 
5 
13 
4 
1 
1 


22 

8 

20 

10 

12 

30 

10 

10 

20 

30 

25 

25 

10 

5 

15 

5 

5 

20 

30 

15 

50 

35 

90 

15 

4 

4 


7 

30 

3 

5 

3 
3 

3 
20 

3 

7 

5 
3 
3 


Colossse, § 6 


Cekena?, ^ 7-9 


Pelta?, § 10 


Kepauioov ayopdv. §10 


Plain of Caystrus, § 11 


Thvmbrium, § 13 


T yiiae am, $14 


Iconium. § 19 


Through Lvcaonia. § 19 


Dana or Tyana, S 20 


Tarsus. § 23 


Eiver Sams, 4. § 1 


Eiver P vramus, 4. § 1 


Issus, 4. '§§ 1-3 


Pylse Svrias, 4. § 4 


Myriandrus. 4. § 6 


Chalus. 4. §9 


Eiver Daradax, 4. § 10 , 


Thaosacus, 4. § 11 


Eiver Araxes, 4. § 19 


Corsote, 5. $§ 1-4 


Pvlee Babvlonire, 5. § 5 

Through Babvlonia, 7. ^§ 1-14 


* Battle Ground, 3. § 1. 10. § 1 


Xisrht March to Aiiseus 





' This march is not included in the enumeration made in the note on II. 2. § 6. 



MARCHES, DISTANCES, AND HALT-DAYS IN THE 
RETREAT. 



NAMES OF PLACES. 



With Arise-as, II. 2. § 13; 3. §§ 10, IT ; 4. § 1 

Wall of Media, II. 4. § 12 

Sitace on the river Tigris, II. 4. § 13 

Opis en the river Physcus, II. 4. § 25 

Through Media, II. 4. § 27 

River Zabatus, II. 4. § 28 ; 5. § 1 

Villages where they enrolled slingers, &c, III. 3. § 11 ; 4. § 1 

Larissa on the Tigris, III. 4. §§ 6, T 

Mespila, III. 4. § 10 

Villages, III. 4. §§13-18 

Through the Plain, III. 4. § IS 

Villages where the wounded were taken care of, III. 4. §§ 23-31.. . . 

Through the Plain, III. 4. §31 

Night March, III. 4. §37 

Villages in the Plain, III. 4. § 3T— 5. § 1 

Eeturn March, III. 5. § 13 

Through the Carduchian Mts. IV. 1. § 5—3. § 8 

Through the Plain of Armenia, IV. 4. §1 

Sources of the Tisrris, IV. 4. § 3 

Eiver Teleboas, IV. 4. § 3 

Through the Plain to Villages, IV. 4. § T 

To the Pass, IV. 5. § T 

Eastern Branch of the Euphrates, IV. 5. § 2 

Through the snow, IV. 5. § 3 

Eefreshment Villages, IV. 5. § T— 6. § 1 

With the KWfxdpxys, IV. 6. § 2 

Eiver Phasis (the Arras), IV. 6. § 4 

Mountains occupied by the Taochians, &c, IV. 6. § 5 — 2T 

Through the country of the Taochi, IV. T. § 1 

Through the Chalybian country, IV. T. § 15 

Through the Scythinian country, IV. T. § 18 

Gvmnias, IV. T. § 19 

Mount Theches, IV. T. §§ 19, 20 

Through the Macronian countrv, IV. 8. §§ 1-8 

Sickness caused by the honey, IV. 8. §§ 20-22 

Trapezus, IV. 8. § 22 

Cerasus, V. 3. § 2 

To the country of the Mossynoecians, V. 4. § 2 

Through the Mossyncecian country, V. 5. § 1 

Chalybians. V. 5. § 1 

Through the Tibarenian country to Cotyora, V. 5. § 3 

By sea to Sinope, VI. 1. §§ 14-1T 

Bv sea to Heraclea, VI. 2 

Port of Calpe. VI. 3. § 24 

Chrysopolis, VI. 6. § 38 



O tf 

2 



20 
30 
20 



5 
10 
15 
15 

15 
15 



35 
SO 
10 
50 
20 
20 

10 



24 



SO 
10 



45 
5 



REFERENCES 



KiJHSEE'S ELEMEKTAKT GREEK GRAMMAR. 



The following references to Kiihner's Elementary Greek Grammar, trans- 
lated from the German, by S. H. Taylor, Principal of Phillips Academy, Ando- 
ver, Mass., have been prepared in compliance with the request of many teach- 
ers, who have adopted that excellent grammar in their respective institutions. 

These references extend only through the first book, the references in the 
Xotes being deemed sufficient for the remaining books. The numerals refer 
to the sections of the Grammar. 

Page 1. Aapeiov, 15S, 1. — Uapva-drtdos, 7ra?3es, root of? 38. "Why 5 
omitted in Xom. 8, 3. — yiyj/ofiai, what is the syl. yi? 123; root of and what 
letter syncopated in Pres. ? 123. — 5uo, 68 and Pt. 2. — vewrepos, whv co? 50, 
I. (a). — Trpea-jS. 50, III. — wapt&r, 6, 3: 90, 1. — irvyxave (form), * 121, 16 
(cons.), 175, 3. — circumflex on apxvs, 26, 5 (a). — ttjs why used? 148. 3. — 
ahrov (govern, of), 160, 3. — a7re5ei£e, 128, II. B. — ttcivtuv, accent, 33, III. 
exceptions. — auafBaivei, 119, 1 : 142. — AajSw^, 121, 12. — accent, 84, 3 (a). 
— Tunrcup. 42. R. 3. — excoy, 125, 11. — ave'jSi?, 119, 1 : 142. — rhv a$e\<p6y 
(article), 148, 3. — imfavKevoi (mode), 152, 4, and 180, 5. — avWa.uBdvei, 8, 
5. — &s with part. 176. R. 2. — airoKrevwi', Perf. of, 111, 5 : why circum- 
flexed, 111, 1. — explain the syl. €is in arijxacr&eis, 8, 8. — threes, mode with, 
181, 4. — fifrrore, 177, 5. — oXA.% 12, 3. 

Page 2. Kupoj, 161, 2 (c), (7). — acpiKvziro (tense), 152. R. 4 (c). — ovrco, 

7, 2.-— chrarc/nr. (tense), 154, R. 4 (c). — elvai 9 186, 1 (a). — &s&% 6, 3: 

8, 2. — iavra, 161, 5 (a). — £ap/3., 158, 6, I. (b): — 2xoiev ■ 181, 2, — r^ 
f EAA. (art.), 148, R. 1. — o>s, 52, p. 59. — smKpvTTToixsvos (why Mid. voice), 
150, 3 (a). — AajSoi (mode), 181, 2. — hrotetro (tense), 154, R. *4 (c). — e?xe 
(aug.), 87, 3. — 7rapriyy€LA<= (long penult), 111, 4. — cufipas, 36. — us (with 
Partic.) 176, R, 2. — Ti(Tcra<p., 158, 2, — TSliX-hrov (gov. of), 24: 157. — 71-po- 
ai<T&. 121, 1. — ra aura, 60, R. — avrwv, 158, R. 1. — i^Patev, 7, 3: 111, 
2: 117, 2. — ci;\Ae|as, 8, 4 and 7. — rod a^poi(W, 173, 1. — kzu-koiv, 102, 
5. — wy, 176 (b). — avrwy, 158, 7 (a). — imPovXris, 158, 5 (6). — why i subs. 
in 7j<rd-az/? — Ticrcra(p. : 161, 2(a)(7). — Trok€fj.ovvra, 176, 1 (d). — woAecyy (ac- 
cent), 46. 

Page 3. &/, 182, 6. — Myxavev, 121, 16: (for ch. of v to 7), 8, 6.— 



404 REFERENCES TO KUHNER'S 

ix (av i 1^> 3. — &AAo, 60. — the v in 'Afivdov is equivalent to what letter in 
English? 3, R. 1.— 'Apvdov, 158, R. 1 (d). — toutcc, 161, 2 (a) (a). — ifrcC 
ct&t;, 118, R, and 114, b. — rb xpvviov (art), 148, 4. — to?s after Qpa£l re- 
peated, 148, 9 (a), and R. 8. — "EAA^as, 159, 3 (1). — rpe(p6fxevoy, 175, 3. 

— ws with part. 176, R. 2. — outgo (supplying place of protasis), 185, R. 4. — 
kv (when used with Particip.), 153, 2 (d). — avTio-Taa-, 158, 7 (a). — els with 
numeral, 165, 2. — avrov, 158, 5 (a). — (ifa 177, 5. — avT$, 161, 2 (a) (a). — 
jnr)j/Q>y (accent), 33, III. exceptions. — (rvfx^ovXevorrjraL (mode and tense), 152, 
R. 3. — irapayeveofrcu (accent), 84, 4 (a). — &vdpas (origin of 5), 36. — eA&e?y 
(accent), 84, 3 (a). — iiroiovv (impf.), 152, R. 4 (a) and (b). 

Page 4. Tropeveoftai, 150, R. 1. — eiroielro (impf.), 152, R. 4 (c). — T6, 
178, 3 (c). — (TvvaXayivTi (accent), 184,* 3 (c). — a7roir€f.<.\f/cu (elements in ^), 
8, 7. — (accent), 184, 4 (a). — 6 el^e o-Tpdrev/xa, position of noun, 182, 6. — 
7rpo€<TT'{}xei, 90, 1. — £<evikov, 158, 7 (a). — Aaj3oVTa, 172, R. 2. — e/caAece, 
98 (b). — Qvydtias, 31 and 38. — viroorxo^vos, 120, 3. — i<j>\ 6, 3: 8, 2. — 
mfocur&cu, 150, 3 (a). — oUade, 53, R. 2. — ra, 148, 3. — Kal tcai, 178, 

3 (b). — (TTparevofxivoov, 158, 3 (a). — ws (/3a<nAea), 165, 3. 

Page 5. c in f?/<:ouere, 79 (a). — avrnrapecrK. (tense), 152, R. 4. — €\'p7}na, 
126, 7. — efeAaiW, 119, 2. — (rra^fiovs y 159 (6). — i&vyfievri, 140, 3. — dia- 
j3ds (accent), 84, 3 (c). — evdal/jLova (comparison), 50, IV. (b). — t^eivei/, 111, 

4 and 5. — Kvpa,, 161, 2 (d). — %v with Sing. Norn. 147 (d). — St^cw, 158, 5 
(a). — ifrfipevw, 152, R. 4 (c). — jSouAoito, 183, 3 (c). — robs tW., 148, 3. — 
fieo-ov rod, 148, R. 9. — pel, 97, 1. — eo"n, 16, 1. — Mapvvov, 148, R. 7. — 
?ro5£y, 154, R. 1 (d). — iicdupai, 111, 4: 84, R. 1: 84, 4 (a). — Kpejudo-ai, 
139 (a), 2. — o&ez/, 53, R. 2. — fiaxv, 161 > 3 - — olKodofirj<rai (accent), 84, R. 4. 

Page 6. a[x<piy with numerals, 167, 1. — Avkcuo,, 159, 2. — ed^fce, 131, 2. 

— dL'oye with part. 175, 3. — Sf)Aos ^, 175, R. 5. — *x 0VTa , ^ Q i * ( c )- — 
yA\, 177, 5. — airodidSvai, 84, 4 (a). — yvvf], 47, 2. — dovvcu, 130 (f ). — aTre- 
Sa)K€j 131, 2. — avr'ftu, 57. — e?%e, 87, 3. — aMiv, 57. — crvyyevifffrcu, 8, 6. 

— KtAiVo-??, 161, 2 (a) (a). — ofrp, 161, 2 (a) (a). — tcepdcras, 128, II. A: 139 
(a), 1. 

Page 7. Ser^j/af, 125, 5. — Kupou, 158, 5 (a). — eVtSeTJai, 128, II. B. — 
avrdis, 161, 2 (d). — Tax^z/ai, 104, 2 (b). — ctt^ou, 130(f). — rerayixivoi 
(accent and tense), 84, 4 (c) : 152, R. 2. — % a ^ K "r 29 > R- ( c )- — iKtceKa&ap., 
152, R. 2. — Trpo&a\4<r&ai, 111, 2 and 3 : 117, 2. — irpoeTirou, 126, 7: 90, 1. 

— eVc£A7rty{€, 105, 4: 146, R. 2 (b). — Sclttov, 8, 10. — fiap&dpwv, 158, R. 1 
(c). — e'(/>iryej/, 116, 3 : 101, 3. — ol e/c, 167, R. — Idodaa, 126, 4. — e^au^ace, 
104, 3(b): 8,7( 7 ). 

Page 8. raxio"rov, 8, 10: 51, 1. — oooV, 159, 3 (6). — avry, 161, 2(a) 
(§). — avrov, 169, R. 1. — cbre/cren/e;/, 111, 2, 4 and 5. — c^tafiros, a/j.'fiKavos, 
28, R. 3. — <rTpaTev{iaTi, 161, 5 (a). — vffrepaia, 154, R. 2: 161, 1(b).— 
dfei 106, R. 5: 180, 5: 188, 3. — jjafrero, 121, 1 : 144, a. — opeW, 158, R. 
1 (d). — ir<Epnr\€ov(ras (complement of verb), 175, 1 (a). — Tafidv, 30. — Zx ov ~ 
Ta, 175, 1 (a). — o3, 158, 4. — ifyvKarrov, 152, R. 4(b). — KaTcPau/ev, 152, 
R. 4 (a). — Mpfivrov, 8, 12 (b). — devtyw, 158, 5 (a). — fyirAcw, 30.— 
7T€piexe*, 90, 1. 

Page 9. eifdaifiopa, 50, IT. (b). — jueVrjs t?s, 148, R, 9. — 6yop.a, 159 (7), 
and R. — Kvpov, 158, 7 (0). — aTrcoAovro, 128, II. B : 138, R. — ol jxiv, 178, 
5. — e(pacrav, 135, 8. — KaTaKoirrjj/cUj 104, 1 (b) : 84, 4 (a). — ov dvvafievovs, 

177, 4 and 5. — &AAo, 60. — aTroAeVd-ai, 84, 4(a). — ol a\\ot, 148, 7. — o~v- 
crr par loot w, 8, R. 6. — ra ei> ccur?} (article repeated), 148, 9 (a). — ovre — ovre y 

178, 7. — ow&eW, 177, 6: 161, 2* (a) (/3). — Kpeirrovi, 52, 1. — kavrov, 158, 7 
(0). — ^7T€i(T€, 104, 3 : 8, 7 (7). — aAA^Aots, 161, 2 (a) (a). — £8w/ce, 131, 2. — 



ELEMENTARY GREEK GRAMMAR. 405 

vofilferai, 147 (d). — XP V(T0 ^ V ^ 29 {accent). — i]piracrix£va (whence the a*?), 106. 
— >, 185(3). 

Page 10. yfxepas, 159 (6). — <TTpaTia>rai, 10, 3: 26, 4 (a). — owe, 7, 4. — 
tow, 137: 172, 2. — iQid&To, 152, B. 4 (d). — ZfiaXXov, 152, R. 4 (a). — 
i£e(pvye fir], 177, 7. — £71/0?, 122, 5: 142. — Suv-foeTai, 180, 4. — avvfiyayev, 
89, R. — XP^ vov i 159 ( 6 )- — carccs, 134, 3. — yu^, 177, 5. — irpdyixaviv, 161. 
3. — e/ioi, 161, 5 (a). — "EXX7)vas 77^, 160, 4 (5) and R, 3. — exe^ (mode 
after), 184, 1. — e/ecUe*, 98 (b). — Era, 181, 2. — wQcXoItjv, 97, 4. — £*/&' Sp, 
163, 1. — eTra^oy, 122, 12. — jSovAccde, 125, 4. — evinrop., 8, 6. — ^Ata, 
161, 3. — xpvv&ai, 97, 3. — el, 187, 3 (9) b. — olSa, 143. — oq ? , 182, 8 (b). 

— Trd&o/jLCu, 122, 12. 

Page 11. e>e?, 126, 7. — as ciXS/jltju, 186, 1 (a).-(jw fyuj/, 185, R. 4. — 
&y ehai, 153, 2, d. — 5, 183, 3 (b). — vfx&v, 158, 5 (a). — QiXov, 159, 3 (1). 

— cos ifjiov Uvtos, 176, R. 3. — <pa(?7, 188, 2: 180, 5. — eV?ji/eerai/, 98 (b). 

— TrAe/ous, 52, 9: 35, p. 36. — tovtqis, 161, 3. — o~t par loot a>p, 158, 5 (b). 

— &s tovtwv, 176, R. 2. — faXuv, 158, R. 1 (c). — avr£, 161, 2 (a) (5). 

— iiceti/os, 60: 169, R. 1. — afiuteicr&ai, 172, 2. — &<tts, 186, 1(a). — fiera- 
TTefjLTro}i£vov, 176, 1 (c). — irdvra, 159 (7). — i\pevor/ui.ei/Gs, 88, 3: 175, 1 (a). — 
defaces, vocab. SetSw. — /at}, 177, R. — Ka&evSeiv, 125, 10. — rtfx&v, 158, 6, I. 
(b). — avrov, 158, 4. — gkvktsov, 168, 1 and 2. 

Page 12. oxa>s, 181, 4. — ao-cpaXeG-rara, 50, III: 54, 1. — fievov^ev, 111, 
5 and 112. — &?n^«/, 152, R. 1. — e'lojuey, 125, 11: p. 8, Note. — iroXXov, 

158, 7 (7). — &clv f h 182, 8 (b). — iirLffrd/i^a, 135, p. 165. — Ka£rr,(T&cu, 

141, 2. — Ae£oz/Tes, 176,' 1 (e). — eViSei/cj/iWes, 130 (g). — o?a efy, 182, 8 (d). 

— eAeV&cu, 126, 1. — et ^, 177, 5: 185, 2 (1). — ow«:ei;a£e<7&cu, g, R. 6. — 

Kvpoy, 160, 4 (a). — aTTOTrAeW, 97, 1 : 116, 3 : 181, 2. — idu &8£, 185 

(3). — Tax/cm?;/, 154, R. 2. — irpoKCLTaXrity., 176, 1(e). — jut}, 177, 5. — (p&u- 
caxri, 181, 2. — £07Te .... ^Te, 178, 7. — oStos, 169, R. 1. — crpar7)yr i o'oyra, 
176, 1 (e). — /*7i5ek, 177, 5. — i/xol tovto, 168, 2. — - a^Spi, 161, 2 (a) (§).— 
eloTj-re, 143: 181, 2. — iTria-ra/naL, with inf., 175, R. 4(b). 

Page 13. rod alre?u, 173, 1. — yy^ovi, 161, 2 (a) (5). — 0} &y, 182, 8 (b) : 
182, 6. — v^uv, 161, 5. — <k-;/oiV, 97, 4 : 185, R. 4. — & doty, 182, 8 (d). 

— fxi,, 177, R. — Tpriipecri, 161, 1 (c) (/3). — (popo'ifA-riv, 185, R. 4. — aydyrj, 
89, R. — clkovtos, 176, 1 (a). — airi&v, 176, 1 (b). — XaSeiv, 175, 3. — eycoye, 
64, 1. — e%pr}TO, 97, 3. — |eVo*s, 161, 3. — rovrcp, 161, 2 (a) (a). — ttIs Trpo- 
o-dez/, 148, '8. — xeiWra, 176, 1 (d). — e-rrofiepoi, 176, 1 (c) : 185, R. 4. — 
a~i6vres, 176, 1 (c). — Xey V , 182, 8 (b). — e£o|e, 124, 3. — Kdpov to. 8o'£. 160, 
4 (a). — crrpcLTia, 161, 2 (c) (5). — atcovci, 188, 3. — oicowm with inf. 175, 
R. 4 (a). — arahf-iovs, 159 (6). — Kaz>, 6, 2. — XP^C^j 172,2. — £-m&e?i/ai, 
130 (f ). 

Page 14. roh, 161, 2(d). — roD /Mjjxfe, 148, R, 6: 158, 4. — &yoi, 180, 
5; 181, R. — avrwy, 158, 7 (a). — cu>, 161, 3. — Tur<rec<£., 161, 5 (a). — Kv- 
pa, 161, 2 (a) (a).— <£*/, 158, 7 (a). 

Page 15. toutw^, 158, R. 1 (b). — ovofia, 159 (7) and R. — virep&ev, 53, 
R, 2. — icbeio-T'iiKeo'ai', 134,3. — airo^dcreiev, 181, 2. — irvXwv, 157: 158, 
R. 1 (d). — wero, 125, 20. — %xovra, 176, 1 (b). — ovra, 175, 1 (a). — fivpid- 
das, 65 (e). — avro&i, 53, R. 2. — -TrAe/crou, 158, 7(7). — aireTrXevo-av, 116, 3. 

— aTnoW?, 176 (e). — e^a, 96, 3: 87, 3. — dipnoi, 180, 5: 181, R. — rprf- 
pecr;, 161, 3. — auras, 176 (b). — Ar/^vat, 121, 12. — aXwcroivro, 122, 1: 
185, 2 (1) and R. 1. — o-^/KaAeVas, 8, 6. 

Page 16. aTToAeAoiTrao-fy, 102, 4. — cbroSeSpa/cao-u/, 122, 6. — o^xoyTcu, 
152, R. 1. — kXeiu, 126, 1 : 186, 1 (a). — Seovs, 159, 3 (4). — e>e?, 126, 7. — 
TrapJ, 183, 3 (b). — PovX-Qrai, 183, 3 (b). — • cruAAajSwy, 8, 4. — - avrovs, 159, 3 



406 REFERENCES TO KUHNER'S 

(2). — Iovtoov, 82, 3. — tovtgoj/, 157. — rrjs 7rp6(r&ev } 148, 8. — el ... . j)j/ y 185, 

2 (1). — Ix^vcou, 158, 5 (a). — ovs &eovs, 160, 3. — h6yu(ov, 152, R. 4 

(c).— -€W, 96,3: 87, 3. — eVfc^j/ouy, 152, R. 4 (b). — napucrdViSos, 158, 2. 

— Hvpias, 158, 7 (a). — Qvovai, 142, 10. — /care'/ccu/crey, 116, 3. — cti>Tod-i, 53, 
R. 2. — bv6\xarri y 161, 4. 

Page 17. ecroiTO, 180, 5. -— etSorcts, 126, 4: 176, 1 (c). — Kpv-nTeiy, 104, 

1 (b). — teW, 172, 2. — ecu/ &5£, 185, 2 (3). — kclXovvtos, 176, 1 (b). — 

uTreVxero, 120, 3. — daxreiv, 131, 1. — Tfaoxn, 183, 3 (b) : 153,2 b. — tcara- 
orTfor}, 183, 3 (b). — 'EWrji/iKov, 158, R. 1 (b). — iro^crovffiv, 152, 6. — «A- 
Awj/, '157: 163, R. — tielrai, 125, 5. — xPW™i 135 > 2. — eli/at, 183, R. — 
^7](p{<T(avrai, 185, 2 (3). — rov diafiaiveip, 173, 1: 158, 7(a). — efireTai, 143. 

— &mfj.sj/, 152, R. 1. — > rov/nraXiv, 6, 2. — aAAov, 158, 5 (a). — rei;|e(r&e, 
121, 16: 180, 4. — Kupoy, 158, 3 (b). 

Page 18. dia&$&7)fc6Tas, 175, 1(a). — eVcuj/eVere, 98(b): 181,4. — ,ueA^- 
cre*, 125, 17.— fxh Kvpov, 160, 3. — Sie'jSaa/e, 152, R. 4 (a). — avcorepa), 54, 2. 
— 'iJLa<T&a>y, 158, 7 (j3). — Tr^Tro.y , 6, 3 : 8, 2. — ouYos, 169, R. 1 : 148, 10(g). 

— ysvoiro, 180, 5. — Tre(jj, 161, 3. — irpo'iwv, 90, 1. — KaTe'/ccu/cei/, 116, 3. — 
v'A?7S, 158, R. 1 (b). — dAiycu, 52, 7. 

Page 19. iUwKov, 152, R. 4 (c). — Si^oi, 183, 3 (c) (#). — TrpoSpajLioVres, 
126, 5.— «V, 153, 2(a) (0). — ctrraarav, 134, 3. — v\ii<rid£oi y 183, 3(c)(0). 
- — ravToi/, 60, R. — iwoiouu^ 152, R. 4 (c). — 'iirirois, 161, 3. — Kpea, 39, R. — 
a\t<rKOjj.4v6w, 122, 1. — iXacpeiois, 161, 2(b). — frnreW, 157, R. 1 (c). — iri- 
Tovrat, 125, 23. 144, a. — evpos, 159, (7) and R. — out*?, 161, 2 (d). — 7rep<ep- 
pe?™, 90, 1 : 8, 12.-— Maenca, 27, R. 1. — aTrdSAero, 128, II. B: 138, R. — 
eVcoAov;/, 152, R. 4 (c). — cWcryopaf, 175, 1 (d). — irpiatrSrau, 135, p. 165. — 
aiy\(av, 158, 7 (7). — SiWrat, 135, p. 165. — ojSoAous, 159 (6). — icr&ioi/Tes y 
126, 3. 

Page 20. fa tovtw, 182, R. 2. — cttc&ilwv, 158, R. 1 (c). — vticop, 47, 10. 

— $o<j\oiTo, 183, 3 (c). — (rrpaTOv, 158, R. 2. — eo-TTjKws, 134, 3: 175, 3. — 
dpd.uoi, 126, 5 : 185, R. 4. — 3-arTO^, 51, I: 8, 10. — a*/ $e<ro, 153, 2 (a) (3). 

— 5/?Aos ^, 175, R. 5. — 65oV, 159, 2, — &Vp togovtc?, 186, 3. — TrA^et, 

161, 4. — r£ SiecrTrdV&cu, 152, Rem. 2. — 7roto7ro, 185, 2 (4). — TtoTafxov, 157 
or 158, R. 1 (d). 

Page 21. £TTL}jLTr\a<rav, 135, 5. — x^P TOV t 158, 5 (a). — aVrea-frcw, 186,1 
(a). — icdp(t>7is, 158, 3 (b). — SU&atvov, 152, R. 4 (c). — ireiroi^fxej/ot/^ 96, 3. — 
eW/3aAey, 111, 2. — KAeapx^, 161, 2 ( c ) (#)• — ^€pa, 161, 1 (b). — a(£nr- 
Treuei, 152, 4. — airroi/, 57. — '^/cev, 152, R. 1. — a|iV??, 161, 3. — auTOu, 157. 

— yjuaprej/, 121, 2. — ySj/ara, 39. — freWes, 130(g). — eK7re7rA??x&c«, 186, 1 
(a). — ecrracray, 134, 3, — Trpdy/xaTi, 161, 3. — irpoaridoy, 175, 3. — auT<£, 161, 

2 (a) (5). 

Page 22. KAeapx™, 158, 5 (a). — 0A170U, 158, 5 (a). — eVi&eTG, 121, 15. 

— ra TraAra, ras X 6 ^ a9 > 148, 3. — ttkpjw, 158, R. 1 (c). — fore, 143. — 
aAk-f)Aois, 161, 2 (a) (a). — /caTa/ce/co^/., 152, 7. — e/xov, 158, 7 (7). — Traycrct- 
juevoi, 150, 3 (a). — eka^eTO, 86, R. — efcaiov, 116, 3 : 152, R. 4 (a). — 7eVet, 
161, 4.-— TToAe^ta, 159 (7). — Uepvwv, 158, R. 1 (c). — et Bolt], 185, 2 (4). — 
KwAixreLs, parad. p. 81. — toO /catW, 173, 1 : 157. — Idoi/ras, 126, 4. 

Page 23. fjfoi, 188, 3. — TrpoVfrej/, 148, 8. — wayvovs, 122,5: 142.— 
<ri>AAa,uj3., 8, 4: 121, 12. — cr^/caAe?, 8, 6. — &7a7e?y, 89, R. — Trape/caAecre, 
98 (b). — 'EAA^wz/, 158, R. 1 (c). — airSppYiTov, 8, 11 (b). — Aoyov, 158, 7 (a). 

— Trpbs&ew;/, 167, 6. — 7rpa£a>, 181, 4. — tovtovi, 64, 5. — eSw/cej/, 131, 2. — 
oW, 169, R. 1. — 4/jLoi, 161, 2 (a) (7). — $o|cu, 186, 1 (a). — TroAefiov, 157. 

— Trauo-ac^-ai, 150, 3 (a). — ov y 13(d). — ovkovv, 187, 3(6), — x^P^i 1 5 ^> 

3 (2). 



ELEMENTARY GREEK GRAMMAR. 407 

Page 24. cStW, 135, p. 165. — eV*>s, 142: 183, 3 (a). — fynofra, 135, 
p: 164. — eirij3ou\eva>v, 175, 1 (b). — yeyovas, 123. — aSiicos, 172, 3. — el ye~ 
voiu.7)v, 185, 2 (4). — vfA&y, 158, R. 1(c). — airocprjvcu, 84, R. 4. — rovroy, 
148, 10 (g). — 5ei7, 181, 2. — Qv\dTTc<r&cu, 150, R. 1. — £^s, 158, R. 2. — 
irpoffsKvvovv, 152, R. 4 (c). — TTpoo~eKvi/7}o~ai', 152, 10. — ovre . . . . oi/re, 178, 
V. — Te^Wra, 122, 9: 152, R. 2. — ovSe'is, 177, 6. — dica^ov, 86, R. 

Page 25. ea>, 30, R, 1. — fxaxovfievov, 176, 1 (e). — Kepcas, 39, R. : 158, 

7 (a). — yfJ-spa, 164, R. 2. — crvyKakeo-as, 98 (b). — av&pwTrooi/, 158, 5 (a). — 
awopcov, 176 (b). — i\ev&epias, 158, 7 (7). — ^ 182, 6. — /eeVnjofre, 152, R. 
2. — eXoi^-qv av, 185, R. 4. — eiSrjre, 181, 2. — hricurw, 152, R. 1. — &AAa, 
159 (7). — oVtwj/, 176 (c).— dpw toV, 158, R. 1(c): 148, 6. — rots <Xkoi, 
161, 2 (d). 

Page 26. kivSvvov, 158, R, 1 (b). — fiepvrjar&ai, 122, 11: 152, R. 2. — 
fxeixvaio, 122, 11. — SiWcndxu &v, 153, 2 d. — oy, 163, R. — tovtcov, 158, R. 1 

(b). — V viKfoufxev, 185, 2 (3). — toutwj/, 158, 7 (a). — SeSoi/ca, 186, 1 

(a). — /U77 ovK y 177, R. — ifATwrAds, 135, 5. — cdrn£, 161, 2 (a) (e). — eavr&v, 
158, R. 1 (d). — ^pero, 125, 8. — 0U1, 82, 2. — H}, 159, 3 (4). 

Page 27. fidxys, 158, 7 (a). — fifiepas, 159, 3 (6). — voXe/n'icoy, 158, R. 1 
(c). — (TTpareuyaaTf, 161, 1 (a) (a). — fxecrou tov, 148, R. 9. — reixovs, 163, R. 

— pcovo-ai, 116, 3: 97, 1. — irAe?, 116, 3: 97, 1. — 5mAefrrov<n, 147 (a). — 
iroTa}.LOv, 163, R. — TrpoaeXavvovTa, 175, 1 (a). — rdcppov, 158, R. 1 (d). — 
7JfJL€pfy 161, 1 (b). 

Page 28. 'nfiepcai/, 158, 4. — eav aXTj&evo-ps, 152, R. 3. — rod /j.dxecr&ai, 

157. — iTTopevero, 186, 1(a). — forAw, 158, K. 1 (b)e.— ■ epeXXe, 125, 16. — 
ofs, 161, 2 (a) (j8). — irapecrKevacrfievos^ 106. — (r<pi(riv y 56: 161, 2 (a) (£). — 
iirnreorela&ai, 123. — ts, 178, 3. — toO apfxaros, 148,8. — /cepaTOs, 39, R. : 

158, R. 1 (b).— Evcppdry, 148, R. 7. 

Page 29. — tVxe, 125, 11. — re. . ., /cat, 178, 3. — Kvpov, 163, R. — /ce- 
<paXa?s y 161, 3. — 7]/j.epas, 158, R. 1 (b). — eyiyvero, 152, R. 4 (a). — XP^Vi 
161, 1 (b). — tfcrrpaTrre, 152, R. 4 (a). — linrels, 41. — exofJ-evoi tovtgw, 158, 
3(b). — airorera/j.epa y 102,3. — SiaKoiTTeiv, 186, 1(a). — evrvyxdvoiev, 182, 

8 (c). — 4\6vTW, 83 : 119, 2 : 176, 1 (e). 

Page 30. "EAAt7(H, 161, 2 (a) (e). — tovto, 159, 1. — TliypT)Ti, 148, 5 and 
R. 7. — efy, 180, 5 : 188, 3. — k&v, 6, 2, — j|/ay, 161, 2 (d) (end). — to /xecrov, 
148, R. 9. — Kupou, 158, 5 (b). — ovtcl, 175, 1(a). — ev(auv/xov y 157. — rocrov- 
rov, 159, R. — TrXr)&ei, 161, 4. — airoo-irdaai, 98 (a). — <po(3ovjj.evos, 150, R. 1. 

— fi-fi, 177, R.— £:eAc», 180, 5: 188, 3. — e X oi, 181, 4. — Trporje*, 137. — tw 
avroJ, 60, R. — e?, 187 (9) b. — irapayyeXXoi, 187, R. 3 : 188, 3. — efy, 
188, 3. 

Page 31. crrd'Sia, 159,3(6). — iroXe t uiois y 161, 2 (a) (£). — vropevofxevw, 
176 (a). — <f>aXayyos, 158, R. 1 (b). — Spopup, 161, 3. — t&eov, 97, 1: 152, 
R. 4 (a). — ao-iricri, 161, 3. — eli/cyeTcr^at, 183, R. — ra /*eV, 178, 5. — ijj/hJ- 
X^y, 158, 5 (a). — irpo'idoiev, 183, 3 (c) (j8). — SiiffravTO, 152, R. 4 (c). — 
ear* /caTeAri^T?, 182, R. 2. — eKirXayeis, 100, 1 (b). — 7ra&e?z/, 122, 12. 

— ouSeb ovSeV, 177, 6. — crvvecnreipafievriv, 8, R. 6 : 101, 3: 102, 3. — ttolt}- 
<re£, 182, 8 (a). — avTwv, 158, R. 1 (b). — vofxi&vTes, 176, 1 (b). — aa-cpaXe- 

rrrarw, 50, III. — avr&v, 158, R. 1 (d). — el XP+iCoiev, 185, 2 (4). — &/, 

152, 2 d. — arparias, 158, R. 1 (b). — /ceparos 1 , 157. 

Page 32. avr<y, 161, 2 (a) (7). — ^77, 177, R. — of KaXovfxevot, 148, 

6. — ^veVxero, 91, 1. — Traiei, 152, 4. — 7re7rra>KOTa, 123: 175, 1 (a). — rod 
'iirrrov, 148, 3. — 7rspi7reo*eTj/, 90, 1: 123. — iiri<r(pd£at, 105, 2. — (Tiracrd}Aej/oi/, 
.98, 1 (a): 150, 3(b). 

Page 33. Tlepcrw, 158, R. 1 (c). — re tcai, 178, 3. — irdurccy, 158, R. 1 



408 REFERENCES TO KUHNER^S GRAMMAR. 

(c). — iravra, 159, 3 (7). — Karajjid&oi 'av, 185, 2 (4) and R. 4. — ouSeV, 177, 
6. — 6j/T6Sy 176, 1 (a). — aldrj/JLOj/ecrraros, 50, IV. (b). — Trpefffivrepois, 50, 
III : 161, 2 (a) (8). — faotieeorepay, 158, 7 (j3). — epywv, 158, 6, I. (a). — fai- 
tcia, 161, 2(c)(8). — iTri(f>€pofjL€j/7iv, 150, 3 (a). — erpecey, 98, 1 (b). — kcltz- 
crira(r&7}, 98, 1 (a). — KareKave, 111, 2 and 3. — re kcc/, 178, 3. — arpaTyyds, 
146, 2. 

Page 34. ttoio?to, 180, 5. — r&>, 62 (paradig.). — cirefcotTO, 8, 8: 150, R. 
3. — <rvv&o?TO, 134, 2. — avr<^ 9 161, 2 (a) (8). — iiricrrevoy, 152, R. 4 (c). — 
G"jr€i(TafjL€j/ov 9 176, 1 (c). — Tt(r<Ta<p., 161, 2 (a) (7). — M/Atjow, 157: 163, R. 

— icpoPowro, 150, R. 1 : 152, R. 4 (c). — ttu Trpoolro, 185, 2 (4). — [id- 

ovs, 52: 35, p. 36. — Trpd^iav, p. 81. — ayaSbv . . . . avr6v, 160, 2. — (pave- 
pbs %v. . . . ireipc&iJ.ei'os, 175, R. 5. — fgy, 97, 3. — w/ca'77, 97, 4. — aj/ . . . . eftroi, 
185, R. 4. — em, 96, 3: 87, 3.— wdvrmv, 158, R. 1 (c). — ttoSoV, 158, 5 (a). 
— "EXkyvL, 161, 2 (d). — afiiKovvTi, 176, 1 (c). — irpoxcopoiri, 97,4. — ewpa, 

126, 4. — ris X&9 a h 182 > G ancl R - 4 - — Qatj/ecr&at, 186, 1 (a.) — auT<£, 

161, 2 (d). 

Page 35. olono, 183, 3 (e) (/3). — tpavepbs yivoiro . . . . @ov\6fi€vos, 175, 
R. 5. — avru, 161, 5. — (TTpaTevfiaTi, 161, 3. — eVe/ca, 163, 5. — eVAeucra*/, 
116, 3. — Ktpdos, 50, p. 56, rule of syntax. — aura?, 161, 2 (a) (8). — vTrrjper'f}- 
<reiev, p. 81. — efa<re, 96, 3: 87, 3. — Kfya>, 161, 2 (d). — Spcfrj, 97, 4.— X w- 

pas, 182, R. 4. — ovUva, 160, 4 (8). — &*/ a^eiAero, 153, 2 (a) ()S). — 

irpoffedidov, 134, 4. — Mvow, 152, R. 4 (c) : 186, 1 (a). — Kvpov, 160, 4 (e). 

— ttKovt overt u 1 148, 6: 161, 2 (c) (j8). — ireipdc/uLtvos, 175, 1 (b). — iroiTtcraiTOj 

182, 8 (c). — tWas, 175, 1 (a). — <f>l\uv 9 158, 5 (a). — - &€?(j&<h, 172, 2. — 
exof, 181, 2. — otou, 62 (paradig.) : 158, 6, I. (a). — iiri^v/xovvra, 175, 1 (a). 

Page 36. irdvrw, 158, R. 1 (c). — ire/iiroi, 182, 8 (c). — e^aca*/, 145, R. 

2 (c). — ch/ 8iWro, 185, R. 4. — j/ojuffoi, 180, 5 : 188, 2. — rb viKay, 173, 1 : 
145, 3. — (plXovs, 159, 3 (2). — iroiovvra, 172, R. 3. — eV/jueAeia,' 161, 4. — 
<pi\cov, 158, 7 (a). — irpo&v/jLe'LO'&ai, 161, 4. — ixaXXov, p. 64 (vocab.). — e7re,u- 
?re, 152, R. 4. (c). — Aa/3oj, 183, 3 (c) (£). — xp&'oi', 158, 4. — otvtp, 161, 2 
(a) (/3). — iiriTvxoi, 188, 3. — tovtois, 161, 3. — rovrcav, 158, 5 (a). — e^, 

183, 3 (c)(0). — ph 177, 5. — &ya<rt v, 181, 2. — fycofrai, 126, 4. — 8?}Ao«7, 

181, 2 : 97, 4.—virb TrAeioW, 150, R. 4. — ovre ovre, 178, 7. — <^Aa£- 

repou, 50, R. 1. 

Page 37. ayairAixevoi, 176, 1 (c). — j>Ojiu£bj>T€$, 176, 1 (b). — cWes, 176, 
1 (c). — as . . . . rvyxdveiv, 153, 2d. — t^t}s, 158, 3 (b). — rb . . . . yevofievov, 
148, R. 2. — eTtryx®*^? 175, 3. — ireirTooKOTa, 175, 1 (a). — ou, 158, 7 (a). — 
€fV7Ti7TTe£, 147, b. R. 1. — AT^d-eTca, 121, 12. — ctAATJAay, 157. — o~rd§ia, 159, 

3 (6). 

Page 38. e&7, vik$w, 180, 5: 181, R. — dtd>K0VTes, 175, 3. — /caAecras, 
98, 1 (b). — €«, 187, 9 (b). — vcfiiroicv, 181, R. : 187, 3. — apfeovres, 176, 1 
(e). — SrjAos fjv, 175, R. 5. — (jwrpa^eVres, 8, R. 4: 102, 2.- — SefoV^o*, 
176, 1 (e). — Keparos, 157. — aniiyaysv, 89, R. — €<pvyev y 101, 3. — chr/jAAa- 
777, 104, 2 (b). — \rf\, 177, R. — -irpoadyoiev, 181, 2. — TCWTa, 159, 2. — ^a- 
Xov}xsvos, 176, 1 (e). — iWas, 175, 1 (a). 

Page 39. /cc^s, 163, R. — icrt\o~o.v, 131, R. 2. — tt)s ar^s, 148, 4. — 
ai/€crTpd<pr)crai', 102, 2. — 6 Ao'</>os, 148, 4. — #<rre-/i^, 177, 5: 186, 1 (a). — 
6pav, 172, 2. — ayarerafjLEyov^ 102, 3. — imrecov,, 158, 5(a). — cb/ej8i'/3a£e*/, 152, 
R. 4 (d). — vr-no-as, 131, R. 2. — (palvoiro, 181, R. — T&vnKSra, 175, 1 (a). — 
Si^/coj/ra, 175, 3. — KaraX7]\j/6/jL€voj/ y 176, 1 (e). — 7rpoe\7]\aKej/cu, 90, 1: 89 
(a). — €i, 187, 9(b). — cdrroi), 158, 4. — 'dyou/TO, 187, R. 3. — 8n2p7raa>ieVa, 
106. — \d&oL, 185, 2 (4). — diadtdoir}, 181, 2. 

Page 40. KaraXvcrai, 186, 1 (a). — vvara, 159 (6). 



R EFEKEN C E S 



PROFESSOR HADLEY'S GREEK GRAMMAR. 



.ANABASIS. — BOOK I. 

Chapter 1, Section 1. — Aape/ou, 5*72 d. — y(yvovrcu y 699.— ntuSes, 158 a. 

— Bvo, 517. — Trpetr/S vrepos, 535 a. — fxkv . . . 8e, 862 a. — 'ApTa^epifts, Kvpos y 
499. — vedrepos, 221a. — r\(xb£veL, 309. 317. 472 c. of continued state, 701. 

— virtioWTcvG, 315. 472 d. — TeA.eimr?z/, cf. 530 b. — rod j8roi/, to> TrcuSe, 527 d. 

— rob ircude afuporipo), 538 a. — TrapeTvai, 406, 1. 764b. 773. 

1, 2. 'O TrpecrjSurepos, 492 d. 509 a. — -Kap6v, 406, 1. 801. — jueraTreu- 
7T6ra/, 6S9. 699. — t?}s, 527 b. — apxv^ 121. 457. — avrhv ffarpdirT}^ 556. 
669 c. — eiroiricre, 706. — /cal . . . 5e, 856 b. — (rrpaTTiyov, 479 a. — cb-eSejfe, 
313. — tt&vtw, 160b. 493 a. 509b. — tt&iov, 530b. — abpoi(ovTcu, 472e. — 
6 KOpos, before mentioned, 527 a. 530 a. — Xaficov, 437, 4. — Ticr<ja<p€pvriy, 198. 

— &s <piXov, 875 a, fin. — rwv 'EWypow, well known, 527 a. 559. — e'x wz/ > 
7S8a. — oTrXlras, 459. 135. — &pxovra . . . "Eei/lav, 556. — auTcDz>, 565. 669 c. 

1, 3. 'ETeA€VT?7<r€, 472 b. 706. — KarearTj, 416 a. — ds, 618 a. — £a<n- 
Aeiaj/, 460 c. 130 c. 125-7. — 5<a£aAAef, 699. — rbv a5eA(/>oV, 527 d. — iiri&ov- 
Aevo*, 736. 731. 714. -—avT$, 605. — o 5e, 525 y. — Trdfrsrai, 107 b. 688. — 
re /caz, 855 a. — <rv\\a[jL@di/ei, 48. — &s, 795 e. — airoKrevoov, 789 d. — ^ttj/j, 
173. — i£aiTT)<ra}jLei>T}, 689. 717. — earl ri]V apxhv, 101. 101 a. 

1 5 4. f O 8 s ws, 70 a. — wsr, 875 b. — /ai^vj/eucras, aTiiAacrSzis, 472 d, f. — 
PovXeverai, 690 a. — oVcus, 756. — jjl^ttot^^ 835 a. — €<ttcu, 406,1. 38. — a5eA- 
<££, 121. — aAA', 70 b. — ijy, 872. — Mv7)rai, 747. 729 a. 401 k. — avr\ 100. 

— e/cetVoy, 679 b. — /j.7}T7jp, 500 c. — uTnjpxe, 313. 368 b. — Kupo>, 596. — </>i- 
AoOcra, 789 c. — pahAou, 227. 222 a. — fraviXsvovra, 785. 

1, 5. "Ostjs . . . -xavTCLS, 514 d. 246. — a'piKvelro, repeated action, 701. 

— reap irapa /8a<nAecos, 492 g. 493 a. 559. for irapa )8a<nAe?, 618 a. — outoj, 
239 a. 80 c. — Siari&eis, 367 d. — Soft" eaura, 72. 595 c. — eliwu, 770. 776. 

— -/) j3a<nAe?, 586 a. 530 a, fin. — KaL . . Se, 856 b. — pap&dpw, 509 b. 493 a. 
576. — iire/i€\e7rOj 422, 11a. — iro\efX€?j/, 472 i. 767. 775. — dricrav (or elev), 
406, 1. 739. 504 b. — zvpoikcos, 469 b. — ex° l€V , 684a - — ^ft 595b. 671. 

1, 0. TV 'E- 8w/., well known, 527 a. — ^d-po^ey, continued action, 701. 

— cos (xaXurTa, 227. 664. — e5uj/aro, 664 b. — £iriKpvirT6fXGVos, 714. — on a7ra- 
pa<r/cevoVaTov, 664. 483. — Aa/3o:, 716. 739. — w5e, 239 a. 679. — iiroieiro, 
689. — ffvWoYhv, 457. 455 c. — oTroVas, 809. 811. — €?xe, 312. — (pvXaicds, 
457 a. — irap^yyeiXe, 337. — (ppovpdpxois, 479 a. 72 a. — rots' #p. eKacrroiSy 
538 a. — Aayuj3az/6iv, 714. 776. — cu/Spas, 173. — 6Vt irAeiVrous Kal jSeArio-rovs, 
664. 223, 1,5. — as imPovKevovros, 795 e. 790 C, — /cal 7ap, 870d.-- , Icm 

18 



410 REFERENCES TO 

/cat, 469 b. — Tiaaacpepvovs, 572 c. — rb apxcuov, 453. 496. 552a. — 4k fia(n- 
Xeccs, 80 c. 624 c. — SeSo^eVou, 367 b. — CKpeo-rriKeaav (2 plup. a(peo~raaav\ 
416 a. 712 a. — iru<rai, 95 a. — v\4\v, 626, 6. 

1 5 T» YlpoaioSoiAevos, 505 c. — ret avra ravra, 538 b. 518 b. — fiovXevo- 
ixevovs, 799. 690a. — aTroarrjvai, 367 c. 766. — rovs \xev, robs 5e, 525 a. — 
aweKreipe, 705. — Qe&aXev, 313. — vTroXa$&v, 367 a. 717. — (pevyovras, 698. 
786. — eiroXiopKei, 317. — Kara yrjv, 132. 632 a. — SaXarrau, 41. 125-7. 
130 b. 131. — Kara-yew, 714. — eKTrerrrooKoras, 47 a. 449, 4. 712. 786. — 
avrrj, 679. 513 c. — irp6<pa(ris, 460 a. 540. — avrcc, 598. — roC a&poi(eiv, "781. 

1, 8» Ue/jL7ro}V, 505 c. — r/|ioy, 472 a. — afieXQos, 535 a. — &j^, 789 c. — 
avrov, 563 a. — Sodden', 367 c. 107 b. — ol, 670 a. 671a. — ravras rds, 
538 a. — 7roA6is, 36 b. — (rvveirparrev, 313. 41. — avr<p, 605. — tt}s . . . em- 
povXys, 534 a. 474, fin. 576. — yoSdvero, 310. 771. — Tiaaacpepvei, 602. — 
iroXejiovvra, 472 i. 789 b. — ra (the required) (rrparevfxara, 527 C. — SctTra- 
yaV, 495. 505 d. — ovdeu, 848 a. 552 a. — ^x^ 6T0 > 413. — TroXe/xovvTcei/, 789 c. 

— Kal yap, 870 d. — yiypojaepovs, 785. 532 a. — dao-^ous, 460 b. 455 d. — tqqv 
TToAecoz/, 527 b. 96. — wv, 808. — 1'x^, 801. 

1 ? 9. Avry, 596. — avveXeyero, continued action, 701. — Xeppowhaw, 
43a. 117b. — rij Karavr tire pas 'Afivdov, 533b. 530a. 589. — rovde rbv rpoirov, 
538 a. 679. 552. — Qvyds, 218. 493 a. 540. — rovrqs, 602. — fry&r&ij, 413. 
419, 1. — didwo-Lp, 699. — rb (before mentioned, 527 a) xp^ow, 465 a. — 
avyeXe^ey, 705. — eTroXefxei, 701. — 6p(jLU)/xevos, 472 b. — ®pa£i, 160. — toTj 
... oUovo-t, 533a. — ufyeXei, different from a><£eAe7, 280. — els, 620 d. — tV 
(the necessary, 527 c) rpo<p7]v, 457. — crrpanwruv, 128. 459. 565. — at 'EAAtj- 
C7ro*/T£aKai 7roAezs, 469 b. 529. 532. — eKovarai, 535 b. 488 c. — rovro and 
oyroj, 679. — rpe^>6\xevov, 801. 

1, 10. QerraXos, 41. — -feVo? wj>, 801. 489b. 490d.— virb (656b) rwy 
clkol, 205. 95 b. 492 f. — apriaracricarwy, 459. 482 c. — ccutoj' (the person 
asked), els Sisx^ovs %evovs (the thing asked), 553. cf. 493 f. 620 c. — rpicou 
fjL7]v6ov, 160. 563. — cos, 795 e. — Trepiyev6/j.evos aV, 449, 1. 789 c. 803 a. — 
dfriaracnccrcop, 583. cf. 581. — abrco, 595 a. — els rerpaKisx^Xiovs, 493 f. — 
Ze7rai, 371 b. 422,4. — avrov, 582. — /u^, 837. — irpooSev . . . ixpiv, 769. — 
KaraKvaai, 367 b, e. — rcplv av, 771. — avrcv, 605. — avju^ovXevarjrai, 758. 
760 a. 

1, 11. "Zevop, 490 d. — aura?, 598. — irapayevea&ai, 367 a. 764 b. — tcs 
.... fSovXofxevos, 795 e. 789 c. — rieio-iSa?, 530 a. — o-rpaTeiW&a/, 472 d. — 
irapexovrcov, 790 c. — roiv (before mentioned) Xleioihuv, 527 a. cf. 530 a. — ry 
eavrov, 538 a. 670 a. — X'^P a i 125-6. — Kal (also, 856 b) rovrovs, 512 d. cf. 
511a. — Xafiovras, 511 a. cf. 492 c. — eX&elj/, 367 a, 450, 2. — &s 7roXe/j.7icra)P, 
795 e. 789 d. — mxyaiw, 468 b. 62, 493 a. 559. 

Chapter 2, Section 1. 'ESoVei, 494 a. — TropetW&a/, 763. 776. — citw, 
595 b. — eTroieZro, 689. — iravrd-Kaviv, 79 5. — d&poiGet, 699. — to T6, 107 a. 

— eVraO&a, 492 f. — 7)Keiv, 776. — avrca, 598. — urpdrev\xa, 809. — avvaX- 
Xayevri, 367 d. — rovs o'ikol, 493 a. 509 b. — eavroj/, 670a. — avrev, 597. — 
irpoecrr7]KeL, 416a. 712a. — rov eu rals iroXecn, 492g. — ^svlkov, 496. 583. — 
Xafiovra, 776, fin. — ottoctoi etc., relative sentence as genitive, 810. — ras 
dKpoTroXeis, 527 c. 482. 

2 5 2. 'EttaAece, 420, 5. — iroXiopKovvras, 786. — avr£, 671. — t»7ro£rxo- 
fxevos, 438, 6. — Karairpd£eiev, 849 b. 749. — ecp? a, 810. — ^t^, 837. — irpo- 
cr&ev ... irplv, 769. 771. — iravcrao~&ai, 688. — Kardyoi, 95b. 737. 758. — 
ofoa5e, 203. — ol tie, 527 7. — avT$ y 595 b. — ra 6VAa, 527 d. — iraprjaav y 
368 b. — els 2dp$eis, 618 a. 



HADLEY'S GREEK GRAMMAR. 4H 

2, 3. A-n, 851a. — robs e/c rccv iroXeocv, 492 g; for iv tc?s iroXeai, 618 a. 

— 07rAiTas, 459. 499. — els rerpaK., 620 c. — %%fav^ 788 a. — yv/xvrjras, 218. 
493 a. — 'Zocpaiveros, 508 C. — &s irevromo aiovs (about 500), 875 a. — Meyapevs, 
467a. — TreKracrrds, verbal, 459. — i]v, 511 h. — Kal ... /ecu, 855a. — ruv ... 
crparevoaevitiv, 786. 572 a. 

2j 4. Ouro/, 679. — avr£, 596. — dcpiKovro, 809. — Karavorio~a.s, 632, fin. 

— (xei^ova, 222. 174. 488b. — &s ^a.(TL\ea, 621. — 57 eouj/aro Tax^Ta, 664b. 
608. 222. 228. 

2, 5. Ilapa, 647. — aroXov, 457a. 576a. — ofo, 510b. 810. — Efyipro, 
450,8. — wpfxa.ro, 809. — Auotar, 126. — <rrc£rfJLo vs, 460 b. 550 b. — McuuvSpoV, 
500 a. — eupos, 461 b. 508 a. — -rrXe&pa, 540. — yecpvpa, 130 c. — e^evy^evT), 
319 a. — ttXolois, 607. 

2, 6. Aia/3as, 867 d. 544 d. — ttoXiv olxovuevriv, 500 c. 785. — efieivsv, 
337. — -quepas, 550a. 

2, T. E?koo~iv, 79 5. — Qpvyias, 559 b. — ?j>, 511 h. 497 b. — bfipiwv, 
584 b. — 7rA7?p?7s, 179. — ebripevev (used to hunt), 701. — airb 'Uitov, 623 a. — 
fiovXoiro, 758. 760 c. — robs 'lttttovs, 527 d. — fieaov rod, 536. — pe?, 371 b. 
426, 5. — 4k ruv jSatr., as pred., 492 h. — KeXa.iva>v, 500 a. 

2, 8. "Ean, 406, lb. 497b. — jSouriAeo?, 562. — Mapo-vov, 134. — eV£aA- 
Ae/, 685. — eupo's evriv, 107 b. — e^Kom ko\ irevre (cf. irevre teal e'lKoai, 1, 2, 
23), 256. — *o&£f, 160. 572 h. — e/cSeTpai, 337. 717b. — 0/, 671a. 602.— 
codnay, 464c. 126. — oepfia, 461a. — Trrjyal, 508a. — 01& toOto, 630b. — 
Mapavas, 540. 

2, 9. 'HTT77&eis, 472b. — rfj (well known, 527 a) /jlolxv, 608. — d-n-fx^p^, 
313. — olKodofxr\aai, 867e. 717b. — e^eracnv, 460a. — 'EXXr.vocv, 565. — <tvjul- 
iravres, 537. — birXlrai, 120. 95 a. — fxvpioi (not fivpioi), 257. — dficpl robs 
oiax^ovs, 639. 528. 

2, 10. Ta Avnaia, 496. 493 a. 546. — e^rjvc, 402, — ^auv, 513 a.— 
Xpvo~a7, 470. 208. 36 a. — dyopdv, 457. 455 c. — eo~xc L1 " r ) v i 224. 

2, 11. TIAeW, 223, 5. for gen., 660 d. — -rroXXdias, 259. — ras Srvpas, 
527 d. — aTrrjrovv, 505b. 310. — Xeywv, 798. — dviutxevos, 797. — irpos (ac- 
cording to), 653 a. — exovra, 776, fin. — firj, 887. — dirooLSovai, 505 d. 495. 

2, 12. ^.vevveaios, 563 a; gen. of 2ueWe<n-s, different from 186. cf. 
186 D. — ytnrfi, 500c. 202, 4. — KfAimw, 563a. — SoDi/az, 401 n. 717b.— 
ovv (at any rate), 866. — drreduKe, 402. — rerrdpoov, 41. — KiXiaaa, 60. 
125-6. — cpvXaicas, 556. 454 b. cf. 457 a. — avrr\v, 235. 

2, 13. 'OooV, 139c. — Kp-hirt) 7], 533b. —M^v, 572c. 490d. 532a.— 
$pvyu>v, 160. — rov Hdrvpov, 527 a. — drfpevaai, 472 d. — oXvcc, 602. — Kepa- 
o~as, 717 a. 

2 5 14. Ae77&f/j/a/, 413. — Kvpov, 582. — eV{Se?|ai, 764b. — a!/T?7, 671. — 
'EXXrjvccv, 565. 

2, 15. '£is vojjlos avrols (sc. eVri Tarrea-^cu), 508 a. 819. — tous lai»ro?, 
2e. 493a. — eir\ rerrdpevv, 641c. — *^X 6 > 511 h. — ol ovv avrw, 492g. 
93 a. — evdovv/jLov, 481. — eKeivov, 679 b. — 0/ dxXoi, 538 e. 

2, 16. Tera.yfj.4voL, 712. — KiAtdo-a (sc. e&edopei. TrapeXavvovoa), 508 C. — 
apfxatxd^qs, 125-6. — Kpdvn x a ^ K "-i 32 b. 36 a. — eKKenabapfxevas, 535 b. 712. 

2, 17. riap7]Aacre, 706. — orrjaas, 416, 1. — epix-qvea, 500 C. — irpofiaXe- 
obai, 689. — 0A771/ T^y, 537. — eVaA7Ti7£e, 504 c. — e-mjeoav, 405, 1. — etc rov- 
rov, 624 b. 496. — bdrrov, 222. 228. — irpoiovroov, 791a. — avrofxdrov, 480. 
496. — dpofxos, 457. — arpxri&rcus, 600. 

2, 18. Bap&dpwv, 559. — <p6fios (sc. ?y), 508a. — ctAAoi?, 598. 538e. — 0: 
_€« t^s cfyopas, 618 a. — /caTaAi7roVr6 9, 276. 788 a. — a>via, 496. — XafxTrpoTTjra^ 
464a. — ra|ti/, 460a. — e^av/icure, 708. — 'V-^7, 413. — to£ ... 4)0/80^ 534a. 



412 REFERENCES TO 

2, 19. Aiap-rrdcai, 765. 776 _— 'EAArjtr^, 595 a. — &s ., olaav, 795 e. 
789 c. — iroX^iav, 488 b. 532 a. 

2, 20. TaxLvrnv, 222, — 6Uv, 552. — airy, 669 c. 605. — avrSv, 669 a. 
— eV y, m t6'7«'cA (time), 522, fin. — direKreii/ev, 705. — Meyacj)€pi/r}v, 500 d. — 
<poiuLKKTT7]u^ 500 c. — alrLaadjxeuos, 335. 505 b. — eirifiovXeveiv, 764 a. 776. 

2, 21. Els&dWeiv, 685. 764 b. — 65os, 535 a. — d^X^os, 209. 777. — 
elseXbelv, 767. 774. — arparev/jLar^ 604. — eKwXvev, 745. — i\eyero, 777. — 
e?i/cu, 714. — Si' 5, antecedent a sentence, 493 d. — voTepatq, 509 b. 613. — 
AeAonrcbs efy, 385, fin. 715. 736. —fjabero, 436, 1. — (rrpdrev^ia, 726. — on, 
868 a. — ^y, 735 a, fin. — opeW, comm. opo)i/, 178; cf. 1, 2, 25. — on, 868 b. 

— TpiripeiSy 177; rp. Tec? Aa/c., 533b. — TrepnrAeovo~as, 371b. 788. — TdfJicov, 
146. 576 a. — exo^a, 799. — AaK^aijjLovi(av, 562. — auTo9, 669 a. 

2,22. KccAiWroy, 790 c. — ov, 248. 250. 590 a. — iirippuTov, 398.— 
SeVSpwj/, 584b. — %ixtt\€wv, 210. 96. 149a. — ttoAu, 512b. — outo', 669c. — 
^aXdrrrjs, drdXarrav, 125-7. 

2, 23. ^Hcrai/, 515 b. — fxeo-rjs rrjs 7roAea>?, 536. — ■ KuoVos, 500 d. — 
ovojua, evpos, 549 b. — 5uo, indeclinable, 255. — -n-Xe^pcov, 567. 

2 ? 24. 5 E£eAnroy, 313. — evoiKovvres, 786. — x w p' iov i 465 a. — 7rAV> 
626 r. — Ka7r?jAe?a, 463 b. — /cai (afoo), 856 b. 

2, 25. Uporepa, 224. 488 c. — Kupou, 585. — r&v 6pa>u tcov, 533 a. 565. 

— ol fxev, ol 5V, 525 a. — KarcLKOirrivai, 367 c. — to aAAo (?/*£ ?*e<^ of), 538 e. 

— ov5e, 858 a. — elra, 795 a. — ovv (at any rate) y 866. — Sketch, 540. cf, 
538 a. 

2 ? 26. Of &AAoz, 493 a. 538 e. — (TvarpariwrSov, 52. 565. — bpyi^ofievoi, 
789 c. — ra fiacr. rd, 533 a. — 6 5e, 525 7. — ovre . . . ovre, 859. — ouSeW 7ro>, 
595b. 843. 848 b. — Kpeirrovi eavrod, 223, la. 585. — eAdeu/, 775. — TtpiV, 
771. — 7} yvvi), 527 d. — eireicre, 295. — irio-reis, 36 b. 

2, 27» 2we7eVo*/ro, 313. — e*s ttV crp., 620d. — Kvpos, 508 c. — ripia, 
468. 455 b. 488 b. — 'Itnrov, 500 d. — xP V(TO X^ ll/ol/ i 481. — xP V(r °v p i 470. 
145c. — oroK-qv, 457a. — fj.r)Keri, 80b. 837. 848b. — dc£ap7ra£e<r&cu, 764c. — 
7?p7rao>ieVa, 785. — tvTvyxdvwcriv, 729 a. 747. — diroXayLfidveiv, 764 c. 



Chapter 3 , Section 1. — 'E^e^e, 511 h. — teVcu, 405, la. — rod -n-pScrcc, 

496. 590a. — fjao^oo^riuai, 717b. — eVi rovrca, of aim, 640c. — irpooros, 488c. 

— i^id^ro, 702. — Uvai, not future. — to vtto(. rd, 533 a. — Vp^aro, 691. 

3, 2. MiKpov, 552 a. — tou ^77 KaraireTpuSiji/cu, 838. 781. 580. — uVt€- 
pov, 224. 228. — I7J/W, 445, 4. — duvhcrerai, 735 a. — awhyayev, 384. — tw 
avrov (rrpaTiojToov, 538 a. 560. — Trpcorov, 552 a. cf. 488 c. — Icttws, 216. 
416, 1. — rotdde, 679. 

3, 3. "AvSpes o-rpariwTai, 500 a. — [i-ft, 833. 723 a. — Trapovon, 785. — 
Trpdyfiao-iv, 611a. — e/xoi, 232. — <pevyoura, 788 a. 698. — rfys (my), 527 d. — r 
&AAa, 547 c. — iyu>, 667. — eis to 'fiiou, 620 d. 496. — Kare^eiiiTjv, 689. 

3, 4. 'E7roA€/.i77<Ta, 708. — ^uefr' v/moou, 644. — QeXavvoov, 789 b. — d<pcipei- 
obai, 553. —77}*/, 132. — e?T* SeWo, 504 b. 547 C. 749. — axpeAoiV, 348. 
739. — dj/&' $y, 810. — tVa&oj/, 447, 13. — far' indvov, 656 b. 679 b. 

3 ? 5. 'Eiref, 869, 2. — u,uers, 667. — dvdyK-q, 508 a. — 7rpo5dVTa, 776, fin. 

— Kvpov, 564. — tyiAiq, 126. 607 a. — xj ^ "^ 4 ) 371 C. 767. — tyevo-d/j.ei'oi', 
776. — el, 830. — Si/ccuo, 496. 468. — Trot-hew, 735 a. — o&/ (a* any rate), 866. 

— Se??, 371 b. 757. — Treio-o/uLat, 447, 13. — epe?, 450, 8. — ovdds, 843. — ws, 
875 d. — dyaydv, 367 a. 384. 717. — eh, 620 a. — ei\6^v, 450, 1. 691. 

3, 6. 'Efjioi, 595 b. — e^eAere, not impf., 422, 9 a. — fyofxai, 424, 8. — 
Trarpi'Sa, 489 b. 490 d. 773. — Uv ... ilvcu, 783 a. 775.-0^,422, 15.— 






HADLEY'S GREEK GRAMMAR. 4^3 

£, 758. — vfiw, 584 f. — &v, 789 e. — owe av . . . our' aV, 873 a. — &s, 795 e. 

— *tWo?, 405, la. — oitt] av (sc fo?Te), 508 c. 819. 758. — Kai (also), 856b. 

— ri)v (your), 527 d. 

3, 7. Avtov iKeiuov, 669 a. 679 b. — ol aXXoi, 538 e. — ravra, 518 b. — 
ov (pai-rj, 835. 736. — Tropeveo-frai, 775. — inyvecrav, 310. 420, 4. — irXeiovs, 
174. — <TKevo<p6pa, 479 a. 

3, 8. Tot/rot?, 611a. — diropcov, 472 c. 789 c. — err par loot uv, 589. — 
eAeye, 686. — Sappelv, 43 a. — KaTao"Tf\ao^ivoiv, 790 c. — Seoy, 371 b. — 
avrov, 671. — auTos, 669 b. 

3, 9. Auto>, 605. — dXXccv, 559. — rov fiovXofjLevov, 527 e. 786. — ra /-tej/ 
H, 534. -— KtJpoy, 563 b. — Zt)Xov, 508 a. — I'xet, 497 b; intrans., 684. — t« 
r^erepa (sc. ex«)i 508 c - — *W*«*i 667. 508 a. — owre . . . In, 848 b. — j^ui^ 
595 d. — jj.i(T&od6T7}s, 480. 

3 ? 10. "Or*, 868 a. — ddiKela^ai, 775. — #sre, 771. — Kai per aire fxiroixi- 
vov, 795 f. — to fiiyuTTov, 552. — aiirxwo /nevus, 472 h. 789 c. — on, 868 b. — 
orvvoiBa ifxavTcv, 605. 799 a. — irdvra, 549 c. — iipevo-fiei/os, 319 a. — 5e5iws, 
409, 5. 789 c— /^, 743. — eVi^, 301. — ccy (810) for rovrav (566) a (547 c). 

— i)BiKria^ai, 323. 367 b. 

3, 11. O^x ( 8 a) belongs to done?, 837 a. — &pa in nom., because the 
indeterm. subject of ehat is made subject of 8o/ee?, 777. 494. — Ka&evdeiv, 
422, 7. 767. 776. — t)/jlccv abrwv, 235. 576.-6' rt, 825. 113 a. — x^7, 404, 3. 
764 b. — £k tovtwp, 624 b. — eW, 877,7. — avToG, 590 a. — (TKeirreov, 398. 
804. — elj/cu (subj. of doKe7, 763) has for its subj. onus etc., 493 d. — ottoos, 
825. — dacpaXearara, 228. — fxevov^ev, 373. — cur, 664. — airifxev, 405, 1 a. 

— iTTiT-hSeia, 496. — iSicc-rov, 459. — c<peXos, 201 b. — ovdev, 843. 

3, 12. 'A^p, 508 a. — iroXXov, 496. 584 e. — QiXos, 493 a. — £, 810. — 
?7, 757. — xa/\.€7rajTaTos, 221 a. — ex^pos, 493 a. — iTriard/xe^a, 404, 6. — /cat 
ydp, 870 d. — SoKoCjUev, 777. — avrov, 589. — /ea&?5cr&at, 406, 2 a. — wsre, 
771. 508 a. — dpiarov, 223, 1. 488 b. — iiravaaro, 688. 

3, 13. Oi p.£v, ol Se, 525 a. — avrofxdrov, 496. — Xe^ovres, 789 d. — 
eyKeXevcrroi, 398. — o'la, 825 b. — efy, 736. — oVeu, 626, 5. — (jlevelv, 767. 

3, 14. Ai) (m particular), 851. — o-TreuSez*', 764 a. — &s raxurra, 664. — 
7rop€veoSai, 764b. — arparrjyovs ... aXXovs, 556. — eXeabai, 774. — e! ^17; 
fiovXerai, 745. 835. 413. — eV t£, etc., as pred.-noun, 492 h. — ow/eeua£e- 
er&az, 52. 472 f. — Kvpov ... TrAoTa, 553. — &» ^ 5i5f, 747. 729a. 833.— 
osris, 681b. — (piXias, 535 b. — M7?5e, 858 b. — t%» raxio-rrjv, 509 a. 552. — 
irpOKaraX^ofxevovs, 509 b. 789 d. — <£>&a<ra?cn, 740. — KaraXafiovres, 801. — ? 
aV, with ttoXXovs, 559; with xpW aTQL i ^62. — exo/xev, 734 b. — 677, 851a. — ? 
rotaCra, 679. — rocovrov, 679 a. 

3, 15. 'il?, 795 e. — Grpary\yr\Govra, 793. — arpary\yiav, 547 a. 464 c — : 
e^oi, 805. — ttoit]T€ou, 508 a. — [ewracTTos Ae7€Tce] coy, 881. 875 d. — rtp avfipi, 
527b. 595b. — eA^e, 757. 760a. — Treiaofiai, 295. —J, 608. 664. 664b.— 
€t§r)r€, 409, 6. 739. — not . . . Kai, 856 b. 

3, 16. 'Ai/4(TT7], 416a. — €vr)&eia, 464c — rov ... KeXevovros, 564. — - 
/XT], 839. — iroiovfievov as fut., cf. 699 a. — evrj^es, 481. — eft?, 736. — airelv, 
763. — £, 597. — Av,ua<z/o,ue£a, 472 g. 734 b. — 7rpa|«/, 460 a. 96a.^— rt, 
547 c — Kai . . . Kai, 856 b. — 7}y efxovi, 595 b. — iriarevcrofjiev, 472 d. — §, 808. 

— Si5w, 757. — ri, 244 a. — t){juv, 597. 

3 ? 17. ^Okvoltiv, 722. — Sot??, 760 d. — avrats ra?s Tpirjpeo-i, 538 b. 604. 
669 a. — Karadvarj, 416,4. — ^ye/novi, 602. — o&ei> (for e/ceTo-e o&€i>), 811a. 

— oXov re, 814. — 4£eXSe?v, 763. — fiovXoi{iT]v &V, 752. — clkovtos, 483 b. 
791 b. — amdou, 789 e. — aireX^cvv, 801. — 6, antecedent Aa&eT*', 493 c 

3, 18. y E7«76, 850, 1. — (pXvapias, 490 d. 773. — ofo-wes, 508 a. 681b. 



414 REFERENCES TO 

— rt, 547 c. 825. — rj, 747. — TTapairA7)Tia, 221c. — o'iairep (for roiavrrj 
diavircp), 810. 547 b. 850, 3. — kciklovs, 174. 36 b. 

3, 19. Trjs irpooSev, 492 f. 509 a. — innrov&repa, 221 a. — a£toOj/, 371 a. 

— 7rooy <piAiav, 654, fin. — eiro/jievoi, 789 e. — (piAoi, 488 b. — av kiroi^ba^ 
748. 751. — irpbs ravra, 654 c. 

3 5 20. "E8o£e, asyndeton, 854. — o7, 243, different from ol, 239, and of, 
230, also 248. — ypwroov, 553. — a«rouo/, 736. 698. — &vdpa, 500 c. — M r$ 
Evcppdrrj iror., 492 h. 500a. — Kav y, 68a. 747. — e/ce?, 249; pred., 492h. — 
fy, 872. — ^jueis etc., 734b. 

3, 21. Klperoi, 398. —to?s Se, 525 7. 598. — cryez, 504b. 505 b. —6 Ku- 
pos, 854. — oS ( = rovrov o), 810. cf. 585 i. — rod /lltjvos, 527 e. 591. — 'dyoi, 
736. — ovd* (not even), 858 b. — eV ye rw (pavepy, 850 a. 496. 

Chapter 4 ? Sectioa 1. Ol, 564. — TrAt&pa, 540. — <rTa5*oj/, 200. — eVx«- 
t??j>, 224 a. 

4, 2. N'/}es, 189. 190. — eV (hi commando/), 640c. — vavapxos, 479a. 

— avT&p, 581a. — j/avs kripas (a second fleet), cf. 538 e. — <£iA?7, 117 b. — 
Kvpcp, 605. 

4 5 3. T Hi/, 581a. — 7rapa r?7i> etc., 618 a. — jxtcr&ocpopoi, 479 a. 

4, 4. ^Hcrcu/, 515 b. — rb eW&€*>, 509 a. — e?xe, 511 h. — cpvAaKT], 457 a. 

— fieaou, 530 b. — Toirrcoi/, 563. — zvpo? irAe&pov, 549 b. 567. — airav, 537. — 
riaav, 513 a. — crrddioi, 200. — irapeA^e?v, 763. 774. — j8ta, 610 a. — TrapoSo?, 
139 c. — Ka&7]Koi/Ta, 797. — £(pei(TTr}K€(rai/, 403, 5. 416 a. 

4 9 5. 5 A7ro/3i/3a0-eiej/, 349 b. 504 b. 739. — <£uAaTToiei/, 749. — oVep, 251. 
850, 3. — exovra, 789 c. — tWa, 799. — avaarpty as, airrjAavycu, 684 a. — 
arparias, 560. 

4 5 0. Ty fraAarrrj, 529 a. — ifxiropiov etc., 535 a. — avro&i, 203 (= avrov, 
590 a). 

4 5 7. Ta irAelcrrov &£ia, 496. 584 e. — iv&z/nei'oi, 689. — to?? irAeiaroLs, 
528 a. — idoKow (sc. d 7ro7r A evo-c«), 777. — <piAori}A7\&4vres, 413. 789 c. — robs 
o~rp. etc., 533 a. — cbs cbnoVras, 795 e. 405, la. — efa, 312. — Blwkol, 736. - — 
evxovTo, (pKreipov, 310. — aXdxroivro, 447, 1. 736. 749. 

4 5 8. s A7roAeAot7ra(n*>, 511a. — eVio'Taa'&itfcrai', 358 D. — 07777, 825. — 
tiixovrai, 698. — eAe*V, 770. — &eovs, 545. — Trap?}, 758. — xp^/ biat i ^35 a. — 
iireihdv, 759. — atrrous (refers to Tis), 514 b, C. 669 b. — Uvroov, 358 D. — 
7)fj.e7s, 508 c. — rtKva teal yvvaltcas, 538 C. — (ppovpov^va, as if the subjects 
were things, 511 i, fin. — rovrcoy, 580a. — arcpijaoyrai, 412b. — irepl ifj.4 
(not mpt tie), 232. 

4, 9. E'ltis Kal, 874, 1. 104 b. — a&vfiSrcpos, 662. — avafraffiv, 460 a. — 
aperyy, 576a. — ?j5*oz>, 228. — evpos irA&pov, 549b. 572h. — -irpaewy, 219a. 

— fteoi;?, 556. — evofxi^ov, 700 a. — dSi/celV, 774. — Uapvo-dridos, 572 c. 

4, 10. Ov, 564. — - TrAe&pou, 572 h. 508 a. -— 2upms ctp|c«>Tos, 581a. 785. 
708. — fy>az, cf. 530 b. — cpvovai, 416, 3. 

4 5 11. 'Ovo/jlclti, 608. — eo-orro (or. recta, IVtcu), 736. 

4 5 12. 'ExaAe7raii/oz/, 472 g. — arparriyols, 611 a. — eldoras, 789 f. — 
5t5w, 747. 729 a. — irporepois, 488 c. 532 a. — Kcd ravra, 508 b. — loyruy, 
790 e. 791 d. — KaAovpros, 790 c. 

4 5 13. 'Apyvpiov, 560. — fu>«s, 132. — ewdy, 759. — r/KCtxri, 698. — ey- 
T6A7?, 488b. 535b.—/Li6Xfws a*>, 80 D. 877, 8. — Kara<rrr)<rr), 760a. —to 
7roAu, 528 a. — too 'EAAtjvikov, 496. 559. — ehai, 769. — irorepou , . . ij, 831. 

— ov, 104 a. — aAAcoj/, 589. — rdbe, 679. 

4, 14. IlAeov 7rpori/j.7)<reo-&€, 884. 412b. — /ceAeuw (sc. u^tas), 505 b. — 
vvv, 854. — diafirji/ai, 544 d. — Ti (cf. 5t)Ao*/ elyai ti, in § 13), 825. 






HADLEY'S GREEK GRAMMAR. 415 

4, 15. ^(plo-coi/Tai, 747 a. — &p£avTes, 789 c. 091. — rov titaPatveiv, 781. 
$74 b. — xfyw-i 1^1* — € y L(T€rai, 409, 6. — e? Ti? wcu aAAos, 754 a. — TotifJLTra- 
Xiv, OS. 492 f. 496. — fiovois, 488b. — Trei&o/ieVoty, 789 c. — xP>l <T6Ta h 335 a. 

— aXAov, 574c. — o5t£i/o9, 575. — Tet'|eo-de, 437, 8. — Kvoou, 582. 

4, 10. Ataj8ej877KOTas, 799. 505 b. — v.ueTs, 067. — eiratveffere, 'ToS. 420, 
4. — jj.e\7)(rei, 493 d. 494 a. — /jltikcti, 80b. 723 a. — ^uf KOpov, 556. 

4, 17. Ey-rux*) " ^ 708. — MeVajj/j, 596. — owei7T€To, 312. — auTw, 605. 

— OLCLfiaivQVTcov, 786. 559. 544 d. — avcorepco, 229. — fxav&Cov, 585. 

4, 18. reVoiTo, 736. — 7re(?7, 608. 509 a. — e* /jltj, 754a. — irXolois, 607. 

— icareKavcreu, 706. — (Sja/B??, 740. — &e7ov, 488 b. — efycu, 763. — virox^p^r 
crai, '717 b. 

Chapter 5, Section 1. Ae£i£, 509 b. 530b. — ?re5:o*/, 540. — daAaTra, 
819. — 1/A779, 560. — ^tra*/, 515 b.' 

5, 2. Qripia (sc. eV?^), 508 c. — oVo*, 500 d. — ctoou&o} at, 533 b. — 
eVi'oTf, 812. — - Blookoi, 758. 760c. — au ecrracrap, 305. 712a. 704. — iroXv, 
226. 552a.— ravroV, 68c. 234. — Aa/3e?*/, 763. 774. — &np£ev, 749.— ftnrois, 
607. — Kpea, 181. — ^z/, 700 a. — iXacpeiois, 509 a. 603. — airaXeoTepa, 221a. 

5, 3. Tax*;, £pax^, 226. — ttoct/, 607 a. — Spo/JLW, 608. — apatra, 382a. 
789 b. — &/, 872. — <Wr?7, 400 i,k. 401 i. 416a, — %*rr^ 406, lb. 

5j 4. ESoor, 549 b. — avrri, 598. — 7repf epptiro, 313. 43. — Mcco7cS, 136 d. 

— kvkXcc, 608. 

5 5 5. TpeTs Ka\ 5e/ca ( = TpiSKcuSe/ca), 256. — aAAo (beside), 538 e. — 
airacra 7}, 537. — aXeras, 489 a. — e£W, 371 C. 

5 ? 6. Iloiacrdcu, 450, 7. 763. — ei ^ut], '754 a. — aXevpcav, 560. — criyXccv, 
578 a. — SiWrcu, 413. 544 a. — 'Att^ous, exception to 512 b. — ia&iovTes, 798. 

5 ? 7. ? H*/ . . . ofo, 812. 547b. — <jtcl&iauv, 559. — naKpovs, 488b. — fiov- 
Xono, 758. 760c. — diareXecrai (sc. rr]v 65oV), 505b. — (pavivTos, 511 h. 414. 

— evSat ( uoi/e(rTaToi£, 221 d. — AajSoWa?, 511 a. — (TTparov, 574 e. 

5 5 8. 'ESokouj/, 777. — op7?7, 008. — &eao*aa-&ai, 335. 763. 774. — iropcbv- 
povs, 470. 208. — tcdvSvs, 187 b. — ecrrTj/cws, 712. 801. — &*> dpdfioi, 722." — 
TroAuTeAeTs, 481. — ewor, 812. — av diero, 752. 746. — /xeredopovs, 209. 488 c. 

5, 9. To Gvfnrav, 502b. — oTreuSwy, 797. 684a. — ov, 839. — /jltj, 761. — 
tTuaiTMriJLov, 460 b. — eKa£e£*eTo, 314. — vofxifav, 789 c. — 6V«, toctoutoj, 610. 

— au . . . eXSot, 757. 759. — /3a<nAe?, 602. — cxoXaiorepou, 221b. — /SacnAe?, 
596. — o-vwSeZy, with ^f, as if with §*> hvuar-t] or pa5m, 767 a, — TrA-fj&ei, 611. 

— cvo-a, 799. — 5tea-7raor&a{, 782. 712. — 5ta Ta%eW, 496. 629. 

5j 10. TloTafAov, 589. — ouoiia, 549. — a^eS/cas", 607. — Sj^depas 1 , 854. — 
<TK€7rd(TiuaTa, 556. — arvvecnrocu, 52. — aTTe^d-cu, 765. — Kap<p7]s, 574b. — oluou, 
499. 500 d. — e/c, d™, 623-4. — a7rou, 200. — fj.eXiu7}s, 500. — touto, 522. 

5, lit s A5(/ce?^ (to 6e m ffo wrong), 098. — rbz/ row M., 509 a. 492 e. 503. 

— 6 S', 525 7. — KAeapxw, 611a. 

5j 12. T77 avrfj Tj/uLepa, 538 b. 012. — iroraj-Lov, 505. — KaracrKetyafxtvos, 
427, 10. — bxiyoLS to?*, 492 g. 493 a, 535 b. — f)Keu (was come), cf. 098. — 
wy, 875 b. — SisXavuovTa, 799. — d^ivrj, 007. — auToD, 580. — aAAos (sc. 
efSaXe), 508 C. 

5, 13t AutoD, 590 a. — youara, 202, 3. — avrus, 609 b. — aurw, 669 c. 
598. — avrov, 669a. — ecrrao-av, 712a. 416, 1. — -Kpdyfxari, 611a. 

5j 14. "To-rspos irposi&v, 488c. 801. — ottXltwp, 559. — aiAtyorepow, 587f. 

— KAeapxou, 582. — bxiyov der](Tauros, 575. 422, 4. — /caTaAeuo-^va/, 764b. 

— Xeyoi, 731. 

5, !€• 'lore, 409, 6. — e/*e, 232. — KaTaKtKotycv&at, 713. — <=>o0, 585. — 
exovrwv, 790 d. 



416 REFERENCES TO 

Chapter 6, Section 1. TtpoiSvrw, Tola. — cind^ro, 472 f. — -&? (about), 

875 a. — fonr«y, 572 e. — Uepo-r}s dvr)p, 500 a. — 7eVe<, 608. — iroAefxacd, 496. 
549. 

0, 2. Aoir], T48. — K(xto.koXvoi (or KaTatcdvoi), 432, T. — KcoAvcreic, 349 b. 

— kchW, T81. 580. — &(p4\i/jLa, 4T1. 

6, 3. "H£o/, T31. — oby &i/ dvvnrai ttXcicttovs, T58. T29 a. 664b. — cbs 0i- 
Ato*/, 489 e. — avrov, 671. — u7roSexecr&a*, 776. — heiKvvaiv, 505 b. 

6 5 4. 'Avayvovs, 408, 14. 

6, 5. ?,w&ov\ov, 489b. — os 7c, 850, 1. — itfixbev, 368b. — /cpt(n*>, 
T26. — 'OpoVrou, 565. — a»s, 825 b. — air op prjr ov, 522. — #px^, 691. — Ao- 
yov, 574 b. 

65 6. ITapevaAeo-a, T06. — avdpes (piAoi, 500 a. — o ti, 825. — 7rpbs &ea>*/, 
653 a. — 7rpafo>, T39. — tovtovl, 242. — 6 i/xos, 538 C. — ehai, T65. — eVoXeW 
<w, T08. — 5o|at . . . iravcraa&ai, T73 a. — irphs ifj.4, 232. — 5e{<di>, 509 b. 530 b. 

6 5 Ti "Opovra, 135. — %gtiv o 71, cf. eon*/ oirives, 812. — r/5f/c77cra, 555. 

— 01;, 104a. 508c. — ovkovv, 866a. — ouSeV, 555a. — x^ 00 ^ «* T '> 555. 810. 

— e'SiW, 401 c. — 'Apre/nSo?, 158 d. — faeraiaeAcii/, 494a. — €<pr)<r&a, 356 a. 
65 8. Ti, 555 a. — dStOTjd-et'?, 789 c. — to rpirov, 552 a. — eirifiovAevoDV, 

T9T. — &8/K09, 775. — <?, 852, 10. — 7ap, 870 a. — $lv yevoio, 722. — ou5' (not 
even, 858 b) d y€uoiyaf]v, 748. — iror4, 108. 

6, 9. 'Tjuwj/ abirpuros, 559. 667. 488 c. — dir6<p7]vai, 367 e. — # rz, 825. 

— e/c7ro5cov, pred., 492 h. — (pvAdrrea^ai, 428, 11. — to ... etVcw, 772. — 
€>eAoi/Tdy, 218 a. 488 a. 

6, 10. IIpos&4(T&at, 688. — iKdPomo, 690. w. ace. and gen., 574 b. — 
inl (of aim), 640 c. — oh, 810. — Trpos^rdx^V (sc. ejefryew/), 508 C. — 7rpos€K:u- 
wjtraj/, 438, 3. — fryoiro, 731. 

6 9 lit Ets^^e'x^, 706. — o-KTjitTovxW) 479 a. — 07rws, 825. — efoafw, 
310. — avrov, 562. — i(pdt>7], 414. 

Chapter 7, Section 1. 'Ew-hvw, 565. — et9, 620 b. — ew, 148. — juaxou- 
pevov, 422, 10. 789 d. — /cepa>9, 165. 168. 581 a. — airro's, 669 b. 

7, 2. 'Hjuepa, 602 b. — 7]K0vr^, 698. — - dir^yyeXAov, 495. — <7ra>s, 825.— 
iroiolro, 722. — frappvi/oov, 43 a. 472 h. — ToidSe, 547 C. 

7 5 3. 'AvSpcbiTGW airopoov, 575. 789 C. — avfJLfidxovs, 489 b. — d^ivovas, 
Kpeirrovs, 174. 223 a. — diet, tovto, ef. 680. — oirccs, 756 a. — 4Aev&epias, 
584 e. — 7J9, 808. — k4kttj(t^€, 712. — u7rep 779, commonly without virep, 577 a. 

— T7?z/, 529. — w*>, 809. — iroAAairXaaiuv, 258 b. 

7, 4. Ottos, 739. -oToj/, 825 b. — ttoAv, 535 b. 508 a. — Kpavyrj, 608.— 
iiriaaiv, 514 a. — #1/, 872. 747 a. — #AAa, 549. — otovs, 815. — r^xlv, 599. — 
yvcc(T€<T&e, 412a. — dvdpw 6vtwv, 173. 160. 160a. 490 d. 790 d. — vjjlw, 559. — 
o1f«o56, 203.— ro7s oXkoi, 509 b. 205. 95 b. — Troi-h<reiv y 775.— 7w ofrot, 509 c. 

7,5. MV, 864, 5. — thai, 780. — kivSvvov, 790 c. — ou ^^ivriG^ai, 
837 b. 712. 699 a. — <re <f>acrii', 109. — euioi, 508 c. — ou8 J (not even), 858 b. — 
fxe/JLvyo, 393 a. 34. 748. — Svyaafrai av, 783 a. 

7, 6. 'AAA' ecr™, 111c. —t]/jl?u, 598. — Trpo'y, cf. 618 a. — ^arjfx^piav, 
53. cf. 530 b. —laexpis (80 D) o5, 813 a. 

7, 7. y H*/, 747 a.— ^aas, 518 d. — toiW, 587e. — 5eSot/ca, 409, 5. — 
/u?7, 743. — o rt 5w, 735 b. — yhrjrai, 504 d. 

7, 8. 'Aicovo-avTes, 786. — auroi, 669 a. — o-cpiaip, 105 a. 671 a. — KpaT?j- 
crwcrtj/, 729 a. — e/jLiwrAds, 403, 7 a. 

7 ? 9. ''Oo-oiTrep, 850, 3. — dicAeyovro, 424, 15 a. — kavrwv, 589. — rdr- 
reafrai, 688. — ^pero, 424, 9. — ofo, 363 a. — 7ap, 870 b. — fJLax^^fai, 422, 
10. — v^ Ai\ 545. — 7rcus, 535 a. — e^u^s, 538 c. 



HADLEY'S GREEK GRAMMAR. 417 

7, 10. 'Atfirfy, 514. — ra eWi, 528. 

7j 11. noAe/uW, 560. — aAAot, 538 e, fin. — reray/uepoi ^crav^ 392. 

7, 12. Bao-tAe'ws, 530 a, fin. — 'AjSpo/co'juas, 499. — juax??s, 581. 

7, 13. Or, 810. — raura, 68 c. 

7j 14. ^TpaTev/xaTL, 604. — /xeaov rov, 36. — Tct^poy, 139 b. — e^poy, 
549. — opyviai, 499. 

7, 15. IlapeTeraTo, 433, 5. — 877, 851. — at, well-known, 527 a. — 
p€ov(rcu, TrAe?, 371 b. — criraywyd, 479 a. — 8taA€t7roi/cn, 514 b. 

7, 16. rioTa^tou, 589. — 7ro5«f, 567. — 7rposeAauz/opra, 799. 

7, 17. IlapoW, 547 b. — irapr)\&e, 511 h. — iyivovro, 511a, or 514 a. — 
vwoxvpovj/Toov, 797. — ^tfay, 515 b. 

7, 18. 'AjjLppaKic&Triv, 467 b. — ort t?/, 868 b. — 6Vt £a<r., 868 a. — paxe?- 
Tat, 735 a. — ^uepw*/, 591. — dpa, 865. — et, 745. — ov fiax^rat., cf. 842. — 
€ s aV, 747 a. — xp V(T ' L0l/ -) 465 a. — at, 527 a. 

7, 19. y E5o|e, 777. — rod fidxeff&ai, 583. 

7) 20» nope tap, 460 c. — rb iroKv, 528 a. — abrS, 601. — (TTpaTtwraty, 597. 

Chapter 8, Section 1. ^Hp, 494. — Trx-hbovo-av, 785. — ttXtjo-Iop, pred., 

492h. — KaraXvaeii/, 711. — 7]viKa, 877, 3. — 7rto"Tccp, 559. — dpa tcpdros, 636. 

— t7nra>, 604. — ofs, 605. 

8, 2. Kat ... 5e, 856b. — <rtf>iW, 108. 671a. 

8, 3. 'Epe'Si/, 416, 4. — Tract, 160 b. — eayrou, 670 b. 

8 5 4. KAe'apxos, 500 b. — 5e|ta, 496. — Keparos, 559. 165. — exofiei/or, 
691. — e<rxe, 511 h. 

8j 5. Bapj3apiKov, 559. — t7T7reTs IIa0Aa7oVes, 500 a. — 7rapa, 618 a. — 
eo-T7]cra//, 2 aor., 416, 1. 

8, 6. 'ClTrAurfievoi, 712. — ^tA^p, 535 b. — KtcpaXcus, 608. 

85 8. ^Hi/, iyiyuero, 494. — jueVop, 535 a. — rjfAzpas, 559 a. — o#7rcy, 848 b. 

— XP '*^ 610. — eVt ttoAv, 496. — iyyi>T€pov, 229. 492h. — /cat, 855a. 

8) 9. Aeu/coid-ajpa/cey, 218. 481. — exoftepot toi/tccp, 574b. — yeppocpopoi, 
479 a. — |vAtpat?, 470. — Atyv7rrtoi, 488 b. — %K.o.urov rb e&vos, 500 b. 

85 10. Ape7raP77</>opa, 532 a. — d7roTeTa,ueVa, 433, 5. — StaKOTTTetp, 765. 
orca, 246 a. 810. — eA^rcyp, 375. 435, 2. 791a. 

'8, 11. "O, 810. — /caAeW, 505b. — j3apj3apa>p, 564. — toOto, 810a. 
680. 549. — dpvarov (sc. r», 508 a. 

8, 12. "Ayetp, 776. — fieo-ov to, 530 b. 533 b. — ort, 868 b. — efy, 738. 
736. — piKca/xeu, 747. — rjfu^ 600. 

85 13. Meaop, 536. — dfcouccp, 576 a. — too*oi/to(p), 241. 552 a. — ir\r)&ei y 
609. — Ixcop, ?89f. — (poPovfjLtvos My ^89 0. 743. — e/cGTepa?&ep, 203. 259. — 
/ueAot, 736. 494 a. — exot, 739. 494. 

8, 14. T£ abrw, 538 b. 496. — e/caTep«<re, 204. 259. 

85 15. 'AStjvcuos, 499. — o-vvavrrjo-cu, 765. — et, 830. — ffcpdyia (sc. eft? 
or eVrt), 508 a. 

85 16. ©opujSou, 576. — Tts €t?7 (cf. o rt €f7? and tis TrapayyeAAet), 825. 
736. 735 a. — Seurepop, 257. — koI os, 525 b. 243 a. 

8, 17, To? (pdAayye, 119 a. 521. — %x o?/T ^ 691 - — airtoi, V75. 

83 18. ITopevo/UeVwp, 791a. — (paXayyos, 559. — 4iri\cnr6fX€vov^ 496. 786. 

— dpofMcp, 608. — &e?p (cf. e&eoi/), 371 b. — otop Trep, 850, 3. — i\e\L£ovai y 
504 c — koX . . . Se, 856 b. — ao-TriVt, 607. 

8, 19. 'Elt/cpeTo-^at, 769. 505 c. 574 c. —^77, 837. 

8, 20. Ta per, 525 a. 500 b. — avrwv rwv, 538 b. — 7>to'x<wP, 4 ^ 9a - 
584 b. — TrpotSotep, 758. 505 b. — etrrt 5* osris, cf. 812. — e/cirAayety, 397a. — 
ouSe (not even) rovrov, 858b. — ovb°h .. . oOSets ouSep, 843. — -ttA^p, 626 r. 

18* 



418 REFERENCES TO 

8, 21. Ni/cwyra?, 698. 799. — avrovs, 235. — d>y, 489 e. — oi55' #y, 250. 

— o , vvecriretpafjL€i'r)i', 52. 319b. — rrjt/ ... rdl-iv, 534. — Tronjcrei, 735a. — Kal 
yap, 870d. — cuW, 726. — fxeaov, 530 b. — exoi, 736. 

8, 22. No^iu^es, 789 c. — fjv jf, 747. — avrwv, 589. — XPvC 0L * v i *1^> 

— &>, 783 a. — XP<W>, 613. 

8, 23, "O/jioos, 795 f. — ivavriov, 496.— to?s avrod, 602. 589. 

8) 24. 'AvTioy, 488 c. — ifx^a\iav, 685. — to?$ e|a/c., 527 a. — avTbs tJ 
kavrov, 674. — eauTou, avrwv, 538 a. 

8, 25. 'OjUOTpaTre^o*, 481. 532 a. — KaXov^voi, 786. 

8, 26. 'HreVxero, 314. — 7eT0, 403, 1. — avros, 669 b. 

8, 27. Max<fy*«/<H, 511a. anacoluthon, 886. — onocroi, 825. — *W e/ceiW 
618. 

8, 28. neTTTw/coTa, 449, 4. — cur** (not 4k), 623-4. — auT<£, 605. 

8 5 29. Kupw, 605. — solvtov, 670 b. — airaord/xci/ou, 689. — xP v<To ^ J/ i 
145 c. 470.— oI&pkttoi, 819. 

Chapter 9, Section 1. Tiepo-wv tw, Kvpov ?6v, 530 a. 533 b. — rapa, 647. 

— Kvpov, 565. — eV 7T6tpa, pred., 492 h. 

9 ? 3. ^co(ppo<rvi/7}v r 464 b. — Kara/xd^ot &v, 722. — d/coDtrcu, 763. — ecm, 
406, 1 b. 

9, 4. Eu3x>s . . . fores, 795 b. 788 a. 

9 3 5. Al8r)/LLOve<rTaTos, 221 d. — ird&ea&ai, 544 b. — eKpivov, 504 c. — • 
tpyvv, 587 a. — To£ucris (sc. re'x^s), 509 b. 500 d. 530 c. 

9 5 6. 'HAi/cta €7rp67r€, 595 b. 494 a. — €Tpeo-e»>, 419,15. — KaTe<nrd<r&r}, 
419, 6. — cpavepds, 535 b. — re'Ao?, 552. — Trpoorov, 488 c. — fiori^aavTa, 786. 

— 7roAAo?y, 601. — fxaKapicrrov, 398. 488 b. 

9, 7. 2aTpa7r?7s, 540. — ot? Ka&-f)K€i, 595 b. 763. — auroV, 726. — 7repl 
vteio-Tov, 650 b. — 7rofon-o, 736. — e J / ry cnreicran-o, 244 b. 49. 381. 749 a.— 
gvv&olto, 401 h. — tJ/euSecr&cu, 764 a. 

9j 8. 'ETTiTpGTcofievaiy 788 a. — et ... eyivtro, 745. — av ... 7rafr€2V, 
783 a. — irapd, 648 e. 

9 5 9. Toiyapovv, 867, 5. — iiroXe/xTjare, 708. — kKovcai, 488 a — irpoea&ai, 
403, 1. 

9, 10. Kal 7a/), 855 a (not 870 d). — \=pyy, 608. — tt P oo?to, 403, 1. 401 h. 
301. 735 c. — iyeuero, 706. — ovV {not even), 858b.— fxeiovs, 223, 3. 174.— 
Trpd&tav, 349 b. 684 a. 

9, 11. UoL7}(T€i€v, 349 b. 749 a. 555. — ireipcafxevos, 797. — avTov, 564. — 
Cnv, 371 c. — tare m<fa, 877, 7. 758. 

9, 12. IIAe?crToi 577, 851. — kvi, 665 a. — 7w i<p' 7}/xwv, 559 a. 641b. 

9, 13. Ob fihy dh ou5e, 843. 852, 13. 858 b. — &v tis eftroi, 722. — eft*, 
312. — a^idecrrara, 228. — 7ra*>Tco*>, 559. — i\v, 763. — 7roSwz/, 160. 580 a. 
530 c. — crrepov/jLevovs, better (rrepofMei/ovs, 447, 7 a. — "EAA77W, 596. — firidhv 
adiKovvri, 547 C. 839. 789 f. — TropeiW&cu, 763. — ottox, 248. — exoun, ^^ 6 - 

— o Ti vrpoxtopoirj (sc. Zx* lv )i 494 a. 757. 

9, 14. 'QfJLohoynTo, 451 d. 712 a. — o&j ecSpct, 810. 312. — twtous, 680. 
810 a. — icai (both), 855 a. — ^s . . . x<fy a *> 809 > 2 - 809 a - 

9, 15. "asre <paiv€<T&ai (770) . . . a{iow (777) e?*/cu (764 a). — avrw, 598. 

— €^6AoVtw^, 564. — o?oito, 758. 760 c. 

9, 16. Eis 76, 850a. — et ... yivoiro, 749a. — 7repl iravros, 650b. — 
€Trote?To (made in his own mind, considered), 690. — tovtous-, 514 b, c. 

9, 17. "AAAa re ... /ecu, 538 e. — afrnft 597. — eW, 869, 2. — eTya* 
(764 a) has for subj. irs&apxw (773 a. 493 c), for pred. KepdateccrepGv 
(488 b). — Ka-ra, 632d. — /c6>5os, 586 a. 



HADLEY'S GREEK GRAMMAR. 419 

9, 18. Tz, 547 c. —axapto-Toi/, 209. 535 b. — €$eure , 312. 381. — kooWto*, 
488 a. — 5?7, w. superl., 851. — tpyov, 565. — Kupo>, 598. 

9, 19. OIkovo/jlov, 479 a. 489 b. — -?)? aoxoi X^P a ^ 581 a. 757. 809, 2. — 
a^e/AeTo, 704. — a, 810. 510 c. — eTreVaTo, 335 D. 712 a. — rjKiara^ 223, 2. — 
eKpvTTTev, 553. — (pdovwv, 544b. 797. 

9, 20. <£i'Aoos, 489 b. — oo-ovs iroirja-airo (rel. sentence as obj. of &epa- 
7reiW), 810. 757. — evvovs, 145 b. 488 b. — outus, 799. — elwu, 764 a. — 
o-Ti Tu^x- (rel. sent, as gen. obj. w. ovvepyods), 810. — jSovAoVej/o?, 801. — 
froo'?, 653 b. — &€paTreveii>, 767. 

9, 21. Auto toOto, fAis very tffo'yzgr (the having helpers) . . . he himself 
also tried (sc. to secure for his friends : but, instead of this, we have the more 
exact (jwepyb 1 ; Tots, etc.), 886. — <pi\wv, 575. — ^X°h ^9. — tovtov, 565. — 
otov, 246 a. 576. 757. 

9, 22. Eft 76, 665a.— ttoVt&w 5t?, 509 b. 559. 851. — SieSi'Sov, 630, fin. 

— CTKOirctij/, 427, 15. — [irpbs toCtg] otov, 810. 575. 

9, 23. "Oja . . . kovijlov, <pi\ovs . . . koct/xou, 555. — tw cufiart avTov, to 
eauToO a£cp.a, 538 a. — KuAAc*riricr/j.6i> y 460b. — e(paaav, 504 c. — h.v Svvairo, 
722. 735 c. — KeKo<r/jL7i!J.€vovs 1 712. — vofxi^oi, 736. 

9, 24. Ta /LieyaAa, 552 a. — ttolovvtcl, 7S9 b. — ovdeu, 848 a. — eVt/xeAe/a, 
609. — <pi\uv, 583. — 7rpo$y ( uer<7(d-a:, 782. — Ta0Ta, 680. — cryaCTa, 666. 
419, 1. 

9, 25. Ohov, 560. — 7?5tn/, 509 a. —Ae'?^, 686. — outtcd St?, 848 b. 851. 

— Xpovov, 591. — tovtov, 585. — cot, 232. — deirai, 735 a. — o~ov, 582. — 
T^uepo^, 62 a. — eKTrieTv, 435, 4. 776. — otV, 810. 

9, 28. 'H/jLifipcvrovs, 482. — aprciiv ^iaea, 559. 496. 187 a. — tovtois, 
611 a. — <re toutwj/, 232. 576. 

9, 27. riaoao'/ceuaa'ao-^a/, 689. — rrju (the care properly given to C. as 
prince), 527 c. — frycacriv, 740. 

9, 28. nAe?o-TOf (different from ol TrAeTcrroi), 528 a. — /ueAAotej/ o^eod-cu, 
749 a. 711. 450, 4. — <?£ ^, 810. — 'EAAi^a^, 559. 

9, 29. TeK/uL-hpiov, 540. 508 a. — toutou, 565. 679. — To'Se, 679. — ovtos, 
789 f. — §7], w. demonstr., 851. — of, 670a. 671a. — (pLXairepou t) kavry, 
221 c. 586 a. — outo* (sc. ovres), cf. 508 a. — vo}j.i£ovTes, 789 c. — ovres, 789 e. 

— au Tt,u7)s Tiryxa^eii/, 574 c. 783 a. 

9) 31. ^vvrpaTre^oi, 482b. — rerayfAevos, 801. 



Chapter 10, Section It AiAkw, 511 h. —6Sov, 560. 

10, 2. Ta re aAAa ... kgu, 538 e. — diapTrd£ovo~i, 511a. — $w/ccu5a, 467 C. 

— vo<pT}v, 490 d. 532a. 

10, 3. 'EaaVo'*', 559. — ot eTuxo^, rel. sent, as accus., 810. — olvtuv, 
669b. — air&avov, 444, 4a. 433, 4a. — clvt&v, 589. 

10, 4. y A\\r}\w, 580. — z/t/cwj/T€s, 698. 

10, 5« Eft?, 736. — o^xovTO-h 735 a. 698. — irXriO-iairaTos, 221 c. — el 
Tre/xiroiev, 830. 737. — apri^ovres, 789 d. 

10, 6. "SvcrTpacbeuTes, 52. 414. — TrposioWo? Kal Se|o,uej/oi, 405, 1 a. 794. 

— Tatrn?, y, 509 a. 608. cf. 879, 4. 

10, 7. f/ EAA77i/as 7reATao-Tas, 500 a. — i AfjL(pnro\LT7]s 1 467 b. 
10, 8. Meloi/, 223, 3. —avaarpecpei, 684 a. 

10, 9. Kara to etc., as pred., 492 h. — /jltj irpos&yoiev, 743. 505 c. — 
TToi-no-ao-^a^ 689. — omaSey, as pred., 492 h. 

10, 10. 'Ep <£, 813. — Kal H {even now), 851b. — havTiav t^, 535 b. 
10, 11. IlAeVos, 39a. 496. —to Ttpocrdev, 492 f. 496. 552, 



420 REFERENCES TO HADLEY'S GREEK GRAMMAR. 

10, 12. "Eo-TTjo-ai/, 416, 1. — w€(ot, 499. — eVeTrA^??, 403, 7 a. — oeW// 
riva, 683. 

10, 13. 'Ei/rau&a, cf. 879 a. — ityiKovro, progressive action, 701; awcx^- 
p7]crav y result, 705. — iTrirtwi/, 580. 



701. 705 



10, 14. "Tito abrov, 618 a. — ri (825) i<mv (sc. ra U7rep tou Ao<pov), 504 b. 

10, 15. Kai (also, 856 b) yjAtos, 529 a. — idvero (different from I5u), 

.. 705. 

10, 16. ObtiafjLov, 252. 590 a. — yhetrav, 409, 6. — oixc^at, as perf., 698. 

10, 17. Avrod, 590 a. — tfyouro, 737. 689. 

10, 18. TW re aXXwv . . . /ecu, 538 e. — diTjpiraa-ineva, 799. — crlriop, 465 a. 
— /^eo-Tccs (488 a), exception to 535 b. — TrapecrKevda-aro, 706. — acpodpa (differ- 
ent from <T(p6Bpa) AajSof, 749. — diadidoir), 739. — iKeyovro (sc. e?*»ai), 777. — 
kcu (SoQb) ravras, 680. 



I (856d)tcuW, 680.' 
10, 19. *A5ef7rj>or, avdpKTToi, 483. — j>iWa, 550 a. 



GRAMMATICAL INDEX. 



Accusative — of equivalent notion, I. 3. § 15 ; II. 6. § 10; with irphs in an 
adverbial sense, I. 3. § 19; with the gen. after rvyxdvu, I. 4. § 16; after 
viKdv, II. 1. §§ 1, 4; synecdochical, II. 6. § 14; III. 5. § 7; IV. 1. § 23; 
IV. 5. § 12; by attraction, V. 5. § 19. 

Adjective — neut. plur. rarely used with the masc. or fern, subst., I. 9. § 26 ; 
used adverbially, II. 1. § 16 ; often in the neut. sing, in the predicate, although 
the subject is masc. or fern, or in the plural, II. 5. § 9. 

Adverb— constructed with exew, I. 1. §§ 2, 5; 5. § 16; II. 1. § 7 ; III. 
1. § 3. 

Adverbial Sentences — take the optative when they denote indefinite fre- 
quency, I. 2, § 7 ; 5. § 2 ; IV. 3. § 20. 

Anacoluthon— II. 5. §§ 5, 39; III. 1. § IT; V. 8. § 13; VI. 4. § 18. 

Anaphora — IV. 3. § 7. 

Aorist — used for the pluperf. I. 1. § 2 ; for the fut. I. 2. § 2 ; intermin- 
gled with the imperf. I. 3. § 2 ; with Uv denoting repetition with reference to 
a single point of time, I. 9. § 19 ; II. 3. § 11 ; in the infin. referring to an act 
without reference to its continuance, IV. 3. § 15 ; aor. subj. after ^ to denote 
the prohibition of an act expressed as momentarily, IV. 6. § 18. 

Apposition — partative, I. 8. § 27. 

Article — used for the demonst. pron. I. 1. § 3 ; put adverbially in the 
neut. with adjectives and substantives, I. 1. § 6; repeated with the adjunct, 
when it follows a noun, I. 1. § 8 ; omitted after avrbs followed by a proper 
name, I. 2. § 21 ; omitted with the particip. when used indefinitely, I. 3. § 14. 

Assyndeton — VI. 5. § 21. 

Comparative — uncontracted, I. 2. § 4 ; repeated in the verb, I. 4. § 14 ; 
6. §5. 

Conjunction — omitted frequently between participles, I. 2. § 17. 

Construction — impersonal for the personal, I. 2. §11; 5. §§ 9, 14; 6. 
§8; 9. §16. 

Constructio prcegnans — I. 1. § 3 ; II. 3. § 18; constructio Karb, ffwiaiv, 
I. 7. § 4. 



422 GRAMMATICAL INDEX. 

Da^e— corumodi, I. 2. § 1 ; 6. § 2; II. 3. § 15 ; of the cause, I. 3. § 2; 
denoting the missile, I. 5. § 12. 

Demonstrative Pronoun — in the neuter while the subst. predicate is fern. 
I. 3. § 18; strengthened by the suffix /, I. 6. § 6; in the neut. plur. by con- 
structs Kara avviaiv, I. 7. § 4. 

Ellipsis — implied in ydp 9 1. 1. § 6 ; in 76, I. 3. § 9 ; after the comparative, 
III. 3. § 5 ; after el, IY. 1. §§ 8, 21 ; VI. 4. § 22. 

Euphemism — I. 2. §§ 12, 15. 

Formula — b fxlv — de, one sometimes omitted, II. 3. § 10. 

Future — for the subj. aor. I. 3. § 14 ; fut. mid. for fut. pass. I. 4. §§ 7, 8 ; 
future periphrastic, I. 9. § 28. 

Gender — of adject, sometimes conforms to the gend. implied in the subst. 
I. 2. § 11; II. 1. § 6. 

Genitive — after verbs referring to a part. I. 2. § 3 ; of quality, custom, 
etc. without a prep. I. 2. § 11; of value, I. 3. § 12; after verbs signifying to 
rule, command, etc. I. 4. § 2 ; after the comparative, I. 9. § 5 ; of the thing 
bought, III. 3. § 18. 

Genitive absolute — the subject sometimes omitted, I. 2. § 17; 4. § 12. 

Imperative — of the pres. with ^ in prohibitions, III. 2. § 17 ; YI. 6. 

§ 18- 

Imperfect tense — used in the sense of the pluperf. I. 1. §§ 2, 6 ; II. 3. 
§ 19; 5. § 27; YI. 3. § 22 ; marks the commencement of an action, I. 2. 
§ 17 ; with a conative signif. I. 3. § 1 ; denotes repetition, I. 3. § 1 ; 9. § 18 ; 
intermingled with the aor. I. 3. § 2 ; denotes customary action, I. 9. § 25. 

Indicative — employed with el in an indirect quotation, I. 3. § 5 ; with el 
in the protasis, I. 3. § 14 ; with $lv to denote customary action, I. 5. § 2 ; in 
the aor. with Uv to limit the repeated action to a single point of time, I. 9. § 19 ; 
with oircos for an emphatic imperative, I. 7. § 4 ; in the apodosis with the op- 
tat, in the protasis, I. 9. § 18; interchanged with the optat. I. 9. § 27; III. 
5. § 1 3 ; in the relative clause when the verb of the principal clause is past, 
pres. or fut. and the event is definite and unconditional, I. 9. § 28 ; in the pro- 
tasis and also with $lv in the apodosis, when both are past actions, II. 1. § 4 ; 
after c^crre, II. 3. § 25. 

Infinitive — defines the preceding clause, I. 1. § 7 ; with hv in a potential 
sense, I. 3. § 6; 9.'§ 29; II. 1. § 12; 3. § 18; 5. § 13; after verbs of hear- 
ing, learning, etc. I. 3. § 20 ; with a personal construction, I. 4. § 14 ; after 
(paiveofrai, I. 9. § 19 ; II. 3. § 13 ; after alcrxtW&a*, II. 3. § 22 ; after olkov- 
e«>, II. 5. § 13; III. 1. § 45 ; after fia^?v, III. 2. § 25; after $%e&, III. 5. 
§ 11 ; after uxtts, II. 3. § 25 ; used as an adnom. gen. II. 4. § 8 ; having the 
force of a synecdochical accus. III. 2. § 27 ; with Sxrre after a comparative, 
when the quality exists in too high a degree to allow something mentioned to 
follow, III. 3. § 7 ; difference of its signification when in the pres. and in the 
aor. IY. 3. 8 15. 



GRAMMATICAL INDEX. 423 

Interrogative — rhetorical, I. 4. § 14. 

Litotes— I. 1. § 8. 

Middle voice — with reflexive signification, I. 1. § 3. 

Negative — with a verb forming a single idea, I. 3. § 1 ; 4. § 12 ; negative 
question implying an affirmative answer, I. 6. § 7 ; repeated for sake of em- 
phasis, I. 8. § 20; double negative for an affirmative, IY. 5. § 31. 

Numerals — accompanied by &s, I. 2. § 3 ; by els, I. 2. § 3. 

Noun — put after the relative by attraction, I. 1. § 6 ; 2. § 1 ; 9. §§ 14, 
19 ; II. 5. § 22 ; Y. 4. § 30 ; in the nom. by attraction, I. 1. § 8. 

Optative — with dirore to denote indefinite frequency, I. 2. § 7; without 
h.v after certain particles, I. 4. § 7 ; with eirel denoting a past action often 
repeated, I. 5. §§ 2, 7; IY. 3. § 20; and with el, IY. 2. § 4; with Uv in the 
apodosis, I. 6. § 2 ; II. 3. § 19 ; in the protasis with the indie, in the apodosis, 
I. 9. § 18 ; interchanged with the indie. I. 9. § 27 ; III. 5. § 13 ; with el in 
past actions without #*/, I. 10. § 5 ; and also after ews, II. 1. § 2 ; a softer form 
for the imperat. III. 2. § 37. 

Participle— after rvyxdvw, I. 1. § 2; 5. § 14; II. 1. § 8; 3. § 2; 4. 
§ 15; after XavS&vw, I. 1. § 9 ; 3. § 17; after didyco, I. 2. § 11; after (p&<L- 
j/(0, I. 3. § 14; after <paivofxai, I. 9. § 19; after aXa%vvoixai, II. 3. § 22; after 
irdvco, II. 5. § 13 ; after r\Zo{xai, II. 5. § 16 ; after nav&dvw, III. 2. § 25 ; in 
the fut. after &s denoting purpose, I. 1. § 3; II. 3. §§ 21, 29; III. 1. § 17; 
denoting means, I. 1. § 8 ; II. 5. § 24 ; III. 1. §§ 20, 29 ; denoting manner, 
I. 5. § 3 ; II. 3. §§ 23, 27 ; after &s denoting expectation as a reason of what 
precedes, I. 1. §§ 10, 11; 2, § 19; 4. § 7; 10. §§ 4, 6; after &s to denote 
pretence, I. 1. § 11 ; with el/xl, forming a periphrasis for the verb of the par- 
ticip. I. 2. § 5; 2. § 21 ; III. 1. § 2; with elra, I. 2. § 25; with as put for 
the finite verb, I. 3. § 6; in the nom. after o-vvo&a e/xavr$ y I. 3. § 10; in the 
fut. to denote purpose, I. 3. § 14; 10. § 10; II. 1. § 2; III. 1. § 24; Y. 3. 
§ 7; in the aor. with an aor. verb, I. 3. § 17; after verbs of hearing, learn- 
ing, etc. I. 3. § 20 ; in a restrictive sense, I. 8. § 23 ; in the nom. absolute by 
apposition with the subject of the verb, I. 8. § 27 ; put in the dat. by attrac- 
tion, II. 1. § 2; 5. § 18; accompanied by &/, II. 5. § 13; omitted after <pai- 
j/ear&ai, III. 1. § 24 ; in the sing, with the neut. plur. IY. 1. § 13 ; in the nom. 
after certain verbs when it has the same subject, Y. 8. § 14. 

Particle — bv transposed for the sake of euphony, I. 3. § 19. 

Passive voice — with middle signification, III. 5. § 18. 

Perfect tense — with the signification of the pres. I. 7. § 5; II. 1. § 13. 

Pleonasm— I. 4. § 14; IY. 6. § 11. 

Pluperfect tense — with the signification of the imperf. I. 2. § 1. 

Present tense — employed for the pluperf. I. 7. § 16. 

Pronominal Adjective — used in indirect as well as direct questions, II. 
5. § 13. 

Pronoun — with ye emphatic, I. 3. § 18; in the plur. referring to r\s col- 



424 GRAMMATICAL INDEX. 

lective, I. 4. § 8 ; 9. § 16 ; put before the proper name to which it refers, I. 
9. § 15 ; repeated after its noun, I. 10. § 18 ; II. 2. § 20; in the nom. before 
the infin. V. 7. § 18. 

Relative — sing, after a plur. antecedent, I. 1. § 5 ; attracted to the case of 
its antecedent, I. 1. § 8; 3. §§ 10, 16; in the plur. after ecrn, I, 5. §7; 
placed before its antecedent, I. 9. §§ 14, 20; III. 1. § 43. 

Repetition — of qlv, IV". 6. § 13 ; of a sentiment in an affirmative and nega- 
tive form, V. 6. § 27. 

Subject — of a dependent proposition made the object of a preceding one, 
I. 2. § 21; 4. § 5; 6. § 5; 8. § 21 ; 10. § 16; II. 2. § 16; 3. §§ 11, 19; 
5. §§ 3. 13 ; 6. § 24. 

Subjunctive — after faces referring to future time, I. 3. § 11 ; with Uv 
equivalent to a fut. preterite, I. 3. § 15; II. 3. § 2; 4. § 13; with ^ and 
/j.}) ovk, I. 7. § 7 ; used after a verb of past time to denote an action continuing 
to the pres. time, I. 8. § 24 ; employed in place of the opt. I. 9. § 27 ; 
with $t,v a mild form for the fut. II. 3. § 6 ; used for the imperat. III. 1. § 46 ; 
in the aor. with ^ in prohibitions, III. 2. § 17. 

Superlative — strengthened by on, I. 1. § 6 ; used adverbially, I. 9. § 5. 

Verbs — active transitive used for neut. I. 2. § 8 ; sometimes in the plur. 
after neuters plur. I. 2. § 23 ; 7. § 17 ; verbs of separation followed by els 
denoting the place whither, I. 2. § 24 ; containing a negative idea and con- 
structed with another negative, I. 3. § 2 ; denoting fear, followed by ^ with 
the optat. or subjunct. I. 3. § 17 ; takes its number sometimes from predicate 
nom. when that is nearest, I. 4. § 4 ; in the sing, to conform with the princi- 
pal subject, I. 10. § 1. 

Verbals — in ro$ and reos, their construction, I. 3. § 11 ; III. 1. § 17; in the 
predicate not referring to a proper subject, often put in the plur. III. 4. § 49. 



HISTORICAL INDEX. 



Abrocomas — one of the satraps of Artaxerxes Mnemon, said by Cyrus to 
be on the Euphrates, I. 3. § 20 ; deserted by 400 Greek mercenaries, I. 4. § 3 ; 
does not defend the Syrian passes nor Phoenicia, I. 4. § 5 ; burns some boats 
in order to prevent Cyrus from crossing the Euphrates, I. 4. § 18 ; reaches the 
king five days after the battle at Cunaxa, I. 7. § 12. 

Abrozelines — the interpreter of Seuthes king of the Thracians. 

JE^etas — grandfather of the king of the Phasians, V. 6. § 37. 

jEneas the Stymphalian — a captain who laying hold of a barbarian is drawn 
by him down a precipice and killed, IV. 7. § 13. 

iEscmNES the Arcanian — commands the Arcadian targeteers, IV. 3. § 22 ; 
8. § 18. 

Agasias — an Elean soothsayer, VII. 8. § 10. 

Agasias the Stymphalian — a captain of the heavy-armed troops, IV. 1. 
§ 27 ; exposes the servile condition of Apollonides, III. 1. § 31 ; is emulous 
to be the bravest of the captains, IV. 7. § 11 ; V. 2. § 15 ; ridicules the Lace- 
daemonian claim to pre-eminence, VII. 1. § 30 ; is sent an ambassador to 
Heraclea, VI. 2. § 7 ; dissuades the army from separating, VI. 4. § 10 ; 
rescues a soldier from Dexippus, VI. 6. § 7 ; offers himself voluntarily to 
Cleander to be judged, VI. 6. § 17 ; is wounded while fighting valiantly, 
vn. 8. § 19. 

Agesilaus (king of the Lacedaemonians) — returns from Asia to march 
against the Boeotians, V. 3. g 6. 

Agias the Arcadian — is treacherously seized with other generals by Tissa- 
phernes, II. 5. § 31 ; is put to death, II. 6. § 1 ; eulogized, II. 6. § 30. 

Amphicrates — is slain, IV. 2. § 17. 

Anaxibius — admiral of the Spartan fleet is bribed by Pharnabazus to en- 
tice the Greeks by promise of a stipend to pass over from Asia to Byzantium, 
V. 1. § 4 ; VI. 1. § 16 ; VII. 1. § 3 ; forfeits his word and fraudulently ejects 
the Greeks from Byzantium, VII. 1. § 11 ; through fear of the Greeks he flees 
into the citadel, VII. 1. § 20 ; leaves Byzantium, VII. 2. § 5 ; sends Xeno- 
phon to the army, VII. 2. § 8. 



426 HISTOKICAL INDEX. 

Antileon the Thurian — being tired of journeying by land, proposes to the 
Greeks to sail home from Trebizond, V. 1. § 2. 

Appollonides the Lydian — on account of his cowardice is expelled from 
the army, III. 1. §§ 26-32. 

Arbaces — commands a fourth part of the forces of Artaxerxes, I. 7. § 12 ; 
satrap of Media, VII. 8. § 25. 

Archagoras — an Argive exile, IY. 2. § 13 ; is driven by the Carduchians 
from the hill on which he was keeping guard, IY. 2. § 17. 

Arexion — an Arcadian soothsayer, VI. 4. § IS; 5. §§ 2, 8. 

Ari^eus — commands the left wing of the army of Cyrus, I. 8. § 5 ; after 
the death of Cyrus, retreats to the previous station, I. 9. § 31 ; refuses the 
kingdom of Persia offered to him by the Greeks, II. 2. § 1 ; gives his plan for 
the retreat, II. 2. §11; having been pardoned by the king he treats the 
Greeks coldly, II. 4. § 2. 

Aristarchus — Lacedaemonian governor of Byzantium, sells 400 of the 
Greeks, VII. 2. §§ 5, 6 ; being corrupted by Pharnabazus, he prohibits the 
soldiers who had followed Cyrus from passing over into Asia, VII. 2. § 12 ; 6. 
§§ 13, 14 ; lays snares for Xenophon, VII. 2. § 14. 

Aristeas of Chios — a brave captain of the light-armed men, who renders 
the army great service, IV. 1. § 28 ; 6. § 20. 

Aristippus of Thessaly — receives money from Cyrus, with which he raises 
4000 soldiers to quell a sedition at home, I. 1. § 10 ; he gives Menon the com- 
mand of these, II. 6. § 28. 

Ariston an Athenian — is sent as an ambassador to the Sinopians, V. 6. 
§14. 

Aristonymus of Methydria in Arcadia — a brave captain of the heavy- 
armed soldiers, IY. 1. § 27; 6. § 20; 7. § 9. 

Artacamas — satrap of Phrygia, VII. 8. § 25. 

Artagerses — commands 6000 horsemen in the army of Artaxerxes, I. 7. 
§ 11 ; is killed by Cyrus in the battle at Cunaxa, I. 8. § 24. 

Artaozus — a friend of Cyrus, II. 4. § 16 ; 5. § 35. 

Artapates — a most faithful eunuch of Cyrus, I. 6. § 11; dies upon the 
body of Cyrus, I. 8. § 28. 

Artaxerxes (Mnemon) — son of Darius and Parysatis and the elder brother 
of Cyrus, I. 1. § 1 ; succeeds to the kingdom of his father, I. 1. § 3; is 
wounded by Cyrus in battle, I. 8. § 26 ; plunders the camp of Cyrus, I. 10. 
§ 1 ; is terrified at the approach of the Greeks, II. 2. § 18; 3. § 1 ; demands 
the arms of the Greeks, II. 1. § 8 ; makes a league with the Greeks, II. 3. 
§ 25; slays the five generals who had been treacherously seized by Tissa- 
phernes, II. 6. § 1. 

Artimas — satrap of Lydia, VII. 8. § 25. 

Artuchas — a commander of the king's mercenaries, IV. 3. § 4. 

Arystas of Arcadia— -a man of a voracious appetite, VII. 3. § 23. 



HISTORICAL INDEX. 427 

Asidates — a rich and noble Persian, is taken with his family and riches by 
Xenophon, VII. 8. § 22. 

Basias of Arcadia — is slain by the Carduchians, IV. 1. § 8. 
Belesis — satrap of Syria and Assyria, I. 4. § 10 ; VII. 8. § 25. 
Bito — brings money to the army, VII. 8. § 6. 
Boiscus — a Thessalian pugilist, base and indolent, V. 8. § 23. 

Callimachus of Parrhasia — a brave captain of the heavy-armed soldiers, 
IV. 1. § 27 ; strives for the pre-eminence with the other captains, IV. 7. §§ 8, 
10; is sent as an ambassador to the Sinopians, V. 6. § 14; also to Heraclea, 

VI. 2. § 7 ; at his instigation, the Arcadians and Achaians separate from the 
rest of the army, VI. 2. §§ 9, 10. 

Cephisodorus — an Athenian captain who was slain by the Carduchians, 
IV. 2. §§ 13, 17. 

Charminus — a Lacedaemonian who came as an ambassador from Thimbron, 

VII. 6. § 1 ; defends Xenophon, VII. 6. § 39. 

Chirisophus — brings 700 heavy-armed men to the assistance of Cyrus, I. 
4. § 3 ; is sent to Arissus, II. 1. § 5 ; praises Xenophon, III. 1. § 45 ; exhorts 
the leaders of the army, III. 2. § 2 ; differs in a single instance from Xeno- 
phon, IV. 6. § 3 ; sails from Trebizond to procure ships for transporting the 
army, V. 1. § 4 ; returns with only a single galley, VI. 1. § 16 ; receives the 
command of the whole army, VI. 1. § 32 ; is soon deprived of it, VI. 2. § 12 ; 
is taken sick and dies, VI. 4. § 11. 

Cle^enetus — a captain who fell while attacking a stronghold near Trebi- 
zond, V. 1. § 17. 

Cleagoras — a painter of the dreams in the Lyceum, VII. 8. § 1. 

Cleander — a Lacedaemonian governor of Byzantium, VI. 4. § 18; comes 
to Calpe, VI. 6. § 5 ; forms a league of hospitality with Xenophon, VI. 6. 
§ 35 ; VII. 1. § 8 ; is forbidden by the auguries to receive the command of 
the army which was offered to him,, VI. 6. § 36. 

Cleaxor of Orchomenus — one of the oldest of the officers, II. 1. § 10; 
bitterly inveighs against Ariasus, II. 5. § 39 ; is chosen a general in the place 
of Agias the Arcadian, III. 1. § 47 ; exhorts the leaders to punish the Persians 
for their perfidy, III. 2. § 4 ; commands the heavy-armed Arcadians, IV. 8. 
§ 18 ; is requested by Xenophon to closely inspect the sacrifices, VI. 4. § 22; 
desires the army to enter into the service of Seuthes, VII. 2. § 2 ; his devo- 
tion to Xenophon, VII. 5. § 10. 

Clearetus — a captain who perished in a rash attack upon a barbarian vil- 
lage, V. 7. §§ 14-16. 

Clearchus — a Lacedaemonian exile, hires forces with money which he re- 
ceived from Cyrus, I. 1. § 9 ; 3. § 3 ; II. 6. § 4 ; joins Cyrus at Celaene with 
-1000 heavy-armed soldiers, 800 Thracian targeteers, and 200 Cretan archers, 



428 HISTORICAL INDEX. 

I. 2. § 9 ; commands the left wing in a review, I. 2. § 15 ; narrowly escapes 
death from his soldiers, I. 3. § 1 ; allays the sedition, I. 3. § 3 seq. ; is as- 
saulted by the soldiers of Menon, I. 5. § 12 ; is present at the trial of Orontes, 
I. 6. § 5 ; commands the right wing in battle, I. 8. § 4 ; is praised as an able 
commander, II. 3. § 11 ; 6. § 8 ; his conference with Tissaphernes, II. 5. § 31 ; 
is slain, II. 6. § 1; his character, II. 6. §§ 1-15. 

Cleonymus — a brave Lacedaemonian killed by the Carduchians, IV. 1. 
§ 18. 

Cceratades — a Theban who offered to take command of the Greeks, VII. 
1. § 33. 

Corylas— a satrap of Paphlagonia, VII. 8. §25; V. 5. § 12; 6. § 11; 
makes a league with the Greeks, VI. 1. § 2. 

Ctesias — a Greek physician in the service of Artaxerxes, whom he heals 
of his wounds, I. 8. § 26 ; his account of the battle at Cunaxa cited, I. S. § 27. 

Cyrus the Younger — brother of Artaxerxes, is appointed by his father a 
satrap, I. 1. § 2 ; on a false accusation is apprehended by his brother, I. 1. 
§ 3 ; liberated at the suit of his mother and sent back to his province, where 
he secretly prepares for war, I. 1. § 6 ; marches from Sardis against his 
brother, I. 2. § 5 ; is visited by Epyaxa, I. 2. § 12 ; gives presents to the Cili- 
cian king, I. 2. § 27 ; is troubled at the sedition of the soldiers of Clearchus, 
I. 3. § 8 ; promises to increase the pay of the soldiers, L 3. § 21 ; exercises 
clemency towards Xenias and Pasion who had deserted him, I. 4. § 8 ; orders 
the park of Belesis to be cut down, I. 4. § 10; intervenes between Clearchus 
and Menon, I. 5. § 16; brings Orontes to trial, I. 6. §§ 6-9; harangues the 
Greek generals and captains, I. 7. § 3 ; gives a large reward to Silanus, I. 7. 
§ 18 ; enters into battle with his head unarmed, I. 8. § 6 ; rides out to view 
the hostile armies, I. 8. § 14 ; kills Artagerses in battle, I. 8. § 24 ; wounds 
Artaxerxes, I. 8. § 26 ; is killed, I. 8. § 27 ; his eulogy, I. 

Damaratus — a Lacedaemonian exile, II. 1. § 3; VII. 8. § 17. 

Darius (Nothus) — king of Persia and father of Artaxerxes Mnemon and 
Cyrus the Younger, I. 1. § 1. 

Democrates — a man of truth and fidelity, IV. 4. § 15. 

Dercyllidas — a Lacedaemonian commander, V. 6. § 24. 

Dernes — a Persian satrap, VII. 8. § 25. 

Dexippus — treacherously deserts the army, V. 1. § 15 ; VI. 6. § 5 ; calum- 
niates Xenophon to Anaxibius, VI. 1. § 32 ; accuses the army to Cleander, 
VI. 6. § 9 ; is accused by Agasias, VI. 6. § 22 ; is killed by Nicander, V. 1. 
§15. 

Dracontius — a Spartan exile, presides over the games at Trebizond, IV. 
8. § 25 ; is sent to Cleander to procure the release of Agasias, VI. 6. § 3. 

Episthenes of Amphipolis — commands the targeteers in the battle of 



HISTORICAL IXDEX. 429 

Cunaxa, I. 10. § Y ; receives from Xenophon the guardianship of a boy, IV. 
6. § 1 ; whom he takes with him to Greece, IY. 6. § 3. 

Episthenes of Olynthus — puerorum amator formosorum, VII. 4. § 7. 

Epyaxa — the Cilician queen, comes to Cyrus, I. 2. § 12 ; requests him to 
show her his army, I. 2. § 14 ; is sent back to Cilicia, I. 2. § 20 ; persuades 
her husband to receive Cyrus, I. 2. § 27. 

Eteoxicus — closes the gates of Byzantium against the Greeks, VII. 1. 
§ 12 ; flees to the citadel, VII. 1. § 20. 

Euclides — a soothsayer, son of Cleagoras, VII. 8. § 1 ; gives money to 
the army, VII. 8. § 6. 

Euodeus — a captain wounded by the Thenoi, VII. 4. § 18. 

Euetlochus — protects Xenophon with his shield, IV. 2. § 21 ; his bra- 
very, IV. 7. §§ 11, 12; is sent to Anaxibius, VII. 1. § 32; advises to demand 
pay of Seuthes, VII. 6. § 40. 

Eurymachus — a Dardanian, V. 6. § 21. 

Glus — son of Tamos, II. 1. § 3 ; promises rewards from Cyrus to the 
Greeks, I. 4. § 16; extricates the wagons from the mud, I. 5. § 7; an- 
nounces the death of Cyrus to the Greeks, II. 1. § 3 ; watches the Greeks, 

II. 4. § 24. 

Gxesippus — an Athenian captain, VII. 3. § 28. 

Gobryas — one of the generals of Artaxerxes, I. 7. § 12. 

Goxgylus — an Eretrian, VII. 8. §§ 8, 17. 

Gorgias Leontinus — the teacher of Proxenus, II. 6. § 16. 

Gorgio— brother of Gongylus, VII. 8. § 8. 

Grecians — manner in which they are assembled by Cyrus to go against 
the king, I. 1. §§ 6-11; their number, I. 2. § 9; are unwilling to march 
against the king, I. 3. § 1 ; 4. § 12; rout the barbarians opposed to them in 
the battle of Cunaxa, I. 8. § 21 ; 10. § 11 ; return to their camp, I. 10. § 17; 
are afflicted at the news of the death of Cyrus, II. 1. § 4 ; march to join 
Ariaeus, II. 2. § 8 ; encamp separately, II. 4. § 1 ; come to the river Zabatus, 
where their leaders are treacherously seized and slain by Tissaphernes, II. 5. 
§ 31 ; their discouragement, III. 1. § 3 ; their courage is aroused by Xenophon, 

III. 1. §§ 15-44; elect new commanders, III. 2. § 47; pursue their march 
fighting, III. 3. § 7; defeat the Persians, III. 4. § 15; and drive them from 
the heights, III. 4. § 25 ; pass with difficulty through the country of the Car- 
duchi, IV. 1. § 8 ; with whom for seven days they are obliged continually to 
fight, IV. 3. § 2 ; traverse Armenia, IV. 4. § 1 ; suffer from snow and cold, 

IV. 5. § 3 ; reach the Phasiani, IV. 6. § 24 ; attack the Taochi, IV. 7. § 2 ; are 
opposed by the Chalybes, IV. 7. § 15 ; proceed through the country of the 
Scythini, IV. 7. § 18 ; make a league with the Macrones, IV. 8. § 7 ; conquer 
the Cholci, IV. 8. § 19 ; reach Trebizond, IV. 8. § 22; attack the Dryla?, V. 
2. § 1 ; take the chief city of the Mosynceci, V. 4. § 26 ; make a league with 



430 HISTORICAL INDEX. 

the Tibareni, Y. 5. § 3 ; sail from Cortyora to Sinope, VI. 1. § 14 ; thence to 
Heraclea, VI. 2. § 2; divide into three bodies, VI. 2. § 16; reunite, VI. 4. 
§ 1; conquer the Bithynians, VI. 5. § 31; reach Chrysopolis, VI. 6. § 38; 
cross to Byzantium, VII. 1. § 7; from which place they are excluded, VII. 1. 
§ 16; force their way in, VII. 1. § IV; enter the service of Seuthes, VII. 3. 
§ 1 ; assist him in conquering the Thracians, VII. 3. § 34-48 ; have difficulty 
in obtaining their pay, VII. 1. § 56 ; sail to Lampsacus, VII. 8. § 1 ; reach 
Pergamos, VII. 8. § 7 ; and join the army of Thimbron, VII. 8. § 24. 

Hecatonymus — an ambassador from Sinope to the Greeks, V. 5. §7; 
threatens war, V. 5. §§ 10-12; advises the Greeks to proceed by sea and not 
by land, V. 6. §§ 3, 10. 

Hegesander — an Athenian captain, VI. 3. § 6. 

Hellas — wife of Gongylus, VII. 8. § 8. 

Heraclides of Maronea — advises the Greeks to make presents to Seuthes, 
VII. 3. §§ 16-29; booty is delivered to him to be sold, VII. 4. § 2 ; calum- 
niates Xenophon to Seuthes, VII. 5. § 6 ; accuses him to the Lacedaemonians, 
VII. 6. § 4. 

Hercules — the Greeks offer sacrifices to him at Trebizond, IV. 8. § 25 ; 
VI. 5. §§ 24, 25 ; Xenophon sacrifices to him, VI. 2. § 15; the place where 
he descended for Cerberus, VI. 2. § 2. 

Hieronymus Euodeus — a captain wounded by the Thynians, VII. 4. § 18. 

Hieronymus of Elis — the oldest captain of Proxenus, III. 1. § 34; VI. 4. 
§ 10; is sent by Xenophon to Anaxibius, VII. 1. § 32; is wounded by the 
Thynians, VII. 4. § 18. 

Itabelius — brings aid to Asidatas, VII. 8. § 15. 

Jupiter— Hews, III. 2. § 4 ; 2a>W?p, III. 2. § 9 ; IV. 8. § 44 ; &wn\e6s> 
VI. 1. § 22 ; Mei\i X ios, VII. 8. § 4. 

Lacedaemonians — their brevity of expression, III. 1. § 46 ; 2. § 2 ; are 
taught in youth to steal, but are punished if detected, IV. 6. § 14 ; contend 
with the Athenians for the supremacy in Greece, VI. 1. § 27 ; the places sub- 
jected to their command, VII. 1. § 28 ; reward Xenophon, VII. 8. § 23. 

Lotophagi — III. 2. § 25. 

Lycius son of Polystratus — an Athenian commander of the cavalry of the 
Greeks, III. 3. § 20 ; IV. 3. § 22 ; IV. 7. § 24. 

Lycius a Syracusan — sent as a scout by Clearchus, I. 10. § 24. 

Lycon an Achaean — opposes Xenophon, V. 6. § 27 ; persuades the army 
to demand supplies of the Heracleans, VI. 2. § 4 ; is sent on this business to 
Heraclea, VI. 2. § 7 ; excites a sedition, VI. 2. § 9. 

M.esades — king of Thrace, and father of Seuthes, VII. 2. § 32. 



HISTORICAL INDEX. 431 

Medocus — king of the Odrysse, VII. 2. § 32. 
. Medosades — is sent by Seuthes to Xenophon, VII. 1. § 5. 

Megabyzus — guardian of the temple of Diana, at Ephesus, V. 3. § 6 ; re- 
stores the treasure committed to him by Xenophon, V. 3. § 1. 

Megapherxes — a Persian officer who conspired against Cyrus and was exe- 
cuted, I. 2. § 20. 

Ilexox a Thessalian — brings troops to Cyrus, I. 2. § 6 ; is sent by Cyrus 
into Cilicia, as an escort of Epyaxa, I. 2. § 20; is first to cross the Euphrates, 

1. 4. § 13; some of his soldiers attack Clearchus, I. 5. § 11 ; commands the 
left wing of the Greeks in the battle of Cunaxa, I. 8. § 5 ; is sent to Ariseus, 
II. 1. § 5 ; remains with him, II. 2. § 1 ; is suspected by Clearchus of treach- 
ery, II. 5. § 28 ; is taken by Tissaphernes, II. 5. § 31 ; and put to an igno- 
minious and lingering death, II. 6. § 29 ; his character, II. 6. § 21. 

Midas — king of the Phrygians, who is said to have caught the Satyr, I. 

2. § 13. 

Milesia — a concubine of Cyrus, I. 10. § 3. 

Miltocythes a Thracian — deserts with some troops to the king, II. 2. § 7. 

Mithridates — a friend of Cyrus, II. 5. § 35 ; gives treacherous advice to 
the Greeks, III. 3. §§ 2-4 ; attacks them on their march, III. 3. § 6 ; attacks 
them the second time, III. 4. §§ 2, 3; but is repulsed, III. 4. § 4; is satrap 
of Lyconia and Cappadocia, VII. 8. § 25. 

Mysos a Mysian — executes a stratagem for Xenophon in the retreat from 
the Drylae, V. 2. § 29 ; is wounded, V. 2. § 32 ; dances at an entertainment, 
VI. 1. §§ 9-12. 

Keox an Asinsean — in the absence of Chirisophus receives his share of the 
booty, V. 3. § 4 ; commands in the place of Chirisophus, V. 6. § 36 ; calum- 
niates Xenophon, V. 7. § 1 ; persuades him to march by himself, VI. 2. § 13 ; 
on the death of Chirisophus is elected in his place, VI. 4. § 11 ; heads a for- 
aging party, VI. 4. § 23 ; is left with others to guard the camp, VI. 5. § 4 ; 
demands of Cyratades provision for the army, VII. 1. § 41 ; desires to be gen- 
eral of the whole army, VII. 2. § 2 ; separates himself from the rest of the 
army, VII. 2, § 11. 

Xicaxder a Lacedsemonian — kills Dexippus, V. 1. § 15. 

Xicharchus — an Arcadian captain who announces to the Greeks the 
seizure of the generals, II. 5. § 33 ; deserts with twenty men to the Persians, 
HI. 3. § 5. 

Xicomachus an CEtsean — commands the light-armed troops, IV. G. § 20. 

Oroxtes — a Persian related to the king, lays snares for Cyrus, I. 6. § 1 ; 
is tried, I. 6. §§ 6-9 ; and condemned to death, I. 6. § 10. 

Oroxtas — son-in-law of the king, II. 4. § 8 ; accompanies Ariaeus and 
Tissaphernes, II. 4. § 9 ; 5. § 40 ; satrap of Armenia, III. 5. § 17 ; IV. 3. § 4. 



432 HISTORICAL INDEX. 

Parts atis — wife of Darius and mother of Artaxerxes and Cyrus, I. 1. § 4; 
prefers Cyrus to Artaxerxes, I. 1. § 4 ; her villages in Syria, I. 4. § 9 ; and in 
Media, II. 4. § 27. 

Pasion a Megarean — brings to Cyrus 700 men, I. 2. § 3 ; is deserted by 
some of his soldiers, I. 3. § 7 ; he leaves Cyrus, I. 4. § 7. 

Patagyas — a Persian faithful to Cyrus, I. 8. § 1. 

Phalinus — a Greek who was with Artaxerxes, and sent by him to com- 
mand the Greeks to lay down their arms, II. 1. § 18. 

Pharnabazus — satrap of Bithynia, VII. 8. § 25 ; his cavalry attack the 
Greeks, VI. 4. § 24 ; his troops are defeated, VI. 5. § 26 ; requests Anaxibius 
to remove the Greeks from Asia, VII. 1. § 2 ; afterwards neglects him, VII. 
2. § 7 ; treats with Aristarchus, VII. 2. § 7. 

Philesius an Achaaan — elected general in the place of Menon, III. 1. § 47; 
said to be one of the oldest of the generals, V. 3. § 1 ; speaks against Xeno- 
phon, V. 6. § 27 ; is fined for embezzlement of effects committed to his charge, 
V. 8. § 1 ; is sent as an ambassador to Anaxibius, VII. 1. § 32. 

Philoxenus a Pellenian — his bravery in storming a fort of the Drylas, V. 
2. § 15. 

Phocais or the Phocian concubine of Cyrus, I. 10. § 2. 

Phrasias — an Athenian captain, VI. 5. § 11. 

Phryniscus an Achaean general — remains with the Greeks, VII. 2. § 1 ; 
wishes to march to Seuthes, VII. 2. § 2 ; receives money from Seuthes, VII. 
5. § 4 ; refuses to serve Seuthes without Xenophon, VII. 5. § 10. 

Pigres— interpreter to Cyrus, I. 2. § 17; I. 8. § 12; helps to extricate 
the carriages from the mud, I. 5. § 7. 

Polus — is reported as coming to succeed Anaxibius as commander of the 
fleet, VII. 2. § 5. 

Polybotes — an Athenian captain, takes possession of a village, II. 5. 
§ 24. 

Polycrates — an Athenian captain, occupies a village, IV. 5. § 24 ; ap- 
pointed to collect ships at Trebizond, V. 1. § 16; goes with Xenophon to 
Seuthes, VII. 2. § 17; defends Xenophon, VII. 6. § 41. 

Polynicus— an ambassador from Thimbron to the Greeks, VII. 6. §§ 1, 
39, 43 ; VII. 7. §§ 13, 56. 

Procles son of Demaratus— informs the Greeks of the death of Cyrus, 
II. 1. § 3 ; goes to Ariaaus and returns, II. 2. § 1 ; brings aid to Xenophon, 
VII. 8. § 17. 

Proxenus a Boeotian (II. 1. § 10)— raises troops for Cyrus as if to go 
against the Pisidians, I. 1. § 11 ; joius him with his troops, I, 2, § 3 ; is ac- 
companied by Xenophon, III. 1. § 4 ; attempts to reconcile Clearchus and 
Menon, I. 5. § 14 ; his station at the battle of Cunaxa, I. 8. § 4 ; responds to 
the messengers sent by the king to demand the arms of the Greeks, II. 1. 
§ 10; walks with Xenophon before the camp, H. 4. § 15; is treacherously 



HISTORICAL INDEX. 433 

seized by Tissaphernes, II. 5. § 31 ; and put to death, II. 6. § 1 ; his charac- 
ter, II. 6. §§ 16-20. 

Pyrrhias — an Arcadian captain, VI. 5. § 11. 

Pythagoras a Lacedaemonian — commands the fleet sent by the Lacedae- 
monians to the aid of Cyrus, I. 4. § 2. 

Rhathixes — is sent by Pharnabazus with troops against the Greeks, VI. 
5. §7. 

Rhopasas — governor of Babylon, YII. 8. § 25. 

Samolas an Achaean — sent to Sinope for ships, Y. 6. § 14 ; commands a 
detachment of reserve in the battle with Rhathines, YI. 5. § 11. 

Seuthes king of Thrace — invites the Greeks to enter his service, YII. 1. 
§ 5; is visited by Xenophon, YII. 2. § 17; relates his history and fortunes, 
YII. 2. § 32; calls the Athenians his relatives, YII. 2. § 31; 3. § 15; gives 
an entertainment to the Grecian leaders, YII. 3. § 15; marches with his Greek 
allies against some villages, YII. 3. §§ 40-48 ; which he burns, YII. 4. § 1 ; 
orders the prisoners to be slain, YII. 4. § 6 ; pays the officers, but gives to 
the army only twenty days' pay, YII. 5. §§ 2-9 ; is prejudiced by Heraclides 
against Xenophon, YII. 5. §§ 7, 8 ; agrees to give up the Greeks to the Lace- 
daemonians, YII. 6. § 3 ; is persuaded by Xenophon to pay the Greeks in full, 
YII. 7. § 55; but does not perform his promise to Xenophon, YII. 5. § 8; 
YII, 6. § 18; VII. ?. § 39; wishes him to remain with him, YII. 6. § 43 ; 
YII. 7. § 50. 

Silaxus an Ambracian soothsayer — receives ten talents from Cyrus on the 
accomplishment of his prediction, I. 7. § 18 ; Y. 6. § 16 ; divulges the secrets 
of Xenophon, Y. 6. §§ 17, 29; is threatened by the soldiers if he should de- 
sert them to go home, Y. 6. § 34; escapes from Heraclea, YI. 4. § 13. 

Silaxus — gives the signal with the trumpet, YII. 4. § 15. 

Smicres — commander of a body of Arcadians, is killed by the Thracians, 
YI. 3. § 4. 

Socrates the Achaean — enrols forces for Cyrus, I. 1. § 11; joins Cyrus 
with his troops, I. 2. § 3 ; is treacherously seized by Tissaphernes, II. 5. § 31 ; 
and put to death, II. 6. § 1 ; his character, IL 6. § 30. 

Socrates the Athenian philosopher — is consulted by Xenophon respecting 
his expedition, III. 1. § 5 ; his reply, III. 1. § 7. 

Soph\exetus a Stymphalian (called I. 2. § 9 an Arcadian) — is on friendly 
terms with Cyrus, I. 1. § 11 ; brings troops to him, I. 2. § 3; goes to meet 
Ariaeus, II. 5. § 37; is left to guard the camp, IV. 4. § 19; is said to be one 
of the oldest generals, V. 3. § 1 ; is fined for neglect of duty, V. 8. § 1. 

Sosias (or Socrates) a Syracusan — comes to Cyrus with troops, I. 2. § 9. 

Soteridas a Sicyonian — a worthless soldier, who reproaches Xenophon, 
III. 4. § 47. 

19 



434 HISTORICAL INDEX. 

Spithridates — is sent by Pharnabazus against the Greeks, VI. 5. § 7. 

Stratocles — commands the Cretan archers, VI. 2. § 28. 

Syennesis— king of Cilicia, I. 2. § 12; VII. 8. § 25; guards the Cilician 
pass against Cyrus, I. 4. § 4; leaves the pass, I. 2. § 21 ; on the approach of 
Cyrus, abandons the city Tarsus, I. 2. § 24 ; is persuaded by his wife to give 
himself up to Cyrus, I. 2. § 26 ; assists Cyrus with money and receives honor- 
able presents from him, I. 2. § 27. 

Tamos an Egyptian — commands the combined fleet of the Lacedaemonians 
and Cyrus, I. 2. § 21 ; having previously commanded the fleet of Cyrus in the 
siege of Miletus, I. 4. § 2; the father of Glus, II. 1. § 3. 

Teres — an ancestor of Seuthes, VII. 2. § 22. 

Teribazus — a satrap of Western Armenia, IV. 4. § 4 ; and governor of 
the Phasians and the Hesperitans, VII. 8. § 25 ; makes a treaty with the 
Greeks, IV. 4. § 6; but plots against them, IV. 4. § 18; his tent is taken, 
IV. 4. § 21. 

Tharypas — connected with Menon, II. 6. § 23. 

Throgenes — a Locrian captain wounded by the Thynians, VII. 4. § 18. 

Theopompus an Athenian — refuses to surrender, II. 1. § 10; called by 
Phalinus a youth and philosopher, II. 1. § 13. 

Thibron or Thimbron — invites the Greeks with Xenophon to join him 
against Tissaphernes, VII. 6. § 1 ; makes war with them against Tissaphernes 
and Pharnabazus, VII. 8. § 24. 

Thorax a Boeotian — opposed to Xenophon, V. 6. § 19. 

Timasion a Dardanian — elected general in place of Clearchus, III. 1. § 47; 
VI. 1. § 32 ; an exile from Troy, V. 6. § 21 ; had formerly served with Clear- 
chus and Dercyllis in Asia, V. 6. § 24 ; one of the youngest of the generals, 
III. 2. § 27 ; tries to prevent Xenophon from founding a city in Pontus, V. 6. 
§ 19; commands the cavalry, VI. 3. § 22; 5. § 28; VII. 3. § 46; remains 
with the army, VII. 2. § 1 ; wishes to cross from Byzantium into Asia, VII. 
2. § 2 ; receives money from Seuthes, VII. 5. § 4 ; refuses to serve in the war 
without Xenophon, VII. 5. § 10. 

Tissaphernes — goes up with Cyrus to Darius, I. 1. § 2 ; calumniates Cyrus 
to his brother, I. 1. § 2; kills some and banishes others of the Milesians, I. 1. 
§ 7; discloses the design of Cyrus to the king, I. 2. § 4; II. 3. § 19 ; is one 
of the four generals of the king, I. 7. § 12 ; informs the king that the Greeks 
have conquered, I. 10. § 5; professes good-will to the Greeks, II. 3. § 18; 
makes a league with the Greeks, II. 3. § 26 ; endeavors to remove their sus- 
picions of him, II. 5. § 16; treacherously seizes the leaders of the Greeks, II. 
5. §32; attacks the Greeks, III. 4. § 13 ; the Lacedaemonians declare war 
against him, VII. 6. §§ 1-7 ; 8. § 24. 

Tolmides an Elean — the best crier in the army of the Greeks, II. 2. § 20 ; 
in. 1. 8 46. 



HISTORICAL INDEX. 435 

Ulysses — alluded to as returning asleep to Ithaca, V. 1. § 2. 

Xaxticles an Achaean — elected a general in the place of Socrates, III. 1. 
§ 47; is fined for embezzlement of effects committed to his charge, Y. 8. § 1. 

Xexias a Parrhasian — accompanies Cyrus on his visit to Darius, I. 1. § 2 ; 
assists him in his expedition against Artaxerxes with 4000 troops ; I. 2. § 3 ; 
celebrates the Avieaia at Peltse, I. 2. § 10 ; some of his soldiers desert to 
Clearchus, I. 3. § 7 ; in consequence of which he secretly leaves the expedi- 
tion, I. 4. § 7. 

Xexophon an Athenian — on friendly terms with Proxenus, by whom he 13 
invited to share the fortunes of Cyrus, III. 1. § 4 ; he consults Socrates, III. 
1. § 4 ; is referred by him to the Delphic oracle, III. 1. § 5 ; goes to Cyrus at 
Sardis, III. 1. § 8 ; acquaints Cyrus with the watch-word of the Greeks, I. 8. 
§ 15 ; answers Ariaeus, II. 5. § 41 ; his dream, III. 1. § 11 ; awakes and sum- 
mons the captains of Proxenus, ILL 1. § 15; harangues them, III. 1. §§ 15- 
25 ; is elected general in the place of Proxenus, III. 1. § 26 ; degrades Apol- 
lonides, III. 1. § 30; advises the generals, III. 1. §§ 35-44; exhorts the sol- 
diers, III. 2. §§ 7-32 ; proposes a plan for the march, III. 2. §§ 34-39 ; pur- 
sues the enemy unsuccessfully, III. 3. § 8 ; and is therefore blamed by the 
older generals, III. 3. § 11 ; appoints slingers and cavalry, III. 3. § 20 ; reaches 
the summit of a mountain before the enemy, III. 4. §§ 44-49 ; is reproached 
by Soterides, III. 4. § 46 ; advises Chirisophus to spare the country, HI. 5. 
§ 4 ; deceives the Carduchians by a stratagem, IV. 2. § 2 ; is deserted by his 
armor-bearer, IV. 2. § 21 ; sees a vision in sleep, IV. 3. § 8 ; performs liba- 
tions, IV. 3. § 13 ; repulses the Carduchians in passing the river Centrites, 

IV. 3. §§ 20-34 ; relieves some famishing soldiers, IV. 5. § 8 ; encourages 
those who are overcome with cold, IV. 5. § 16; passes the night in the open 
air without fire or food, IV. 5. § 21 ; joins Chirisophus, IV. 5. § 23 ; treats 
with kindness an Armenian chief, IV. 5. §§ 28-36 ; disagrees with Chiriso- 
phus, IV. 6. § 3 ; his advice followed in attacking some heights, IV. 6. §§ 10- 
21 ; he advises to change the order of march, IV. 8. §§ 10-13; gives employ- 
ment to the Greeks during their stay at Trapezus, V. 1. §§ 5-8 ; leads them 
against the Drylians, V. 2. §§ 1-32 ; treats with the Mossyncecians, V. 4. § 5 ; 
encourages the soldiers, V. 4. §§ 19-21 ; answers the Sinopian ambassadors, 

V. 5. § 13 ; attempts to found a city in Pontus, V. 6. § 15 ; but is prevented 
by some of the other leaders, V. 6. §§ 19-35 ; repels the accusations made 
against him, V. 7. §§ 5-12; charges disorder upon some of the soldiers, V. 7. 
§§ 13-33 ; purifies the army, V. 7. § 35 ; is accused of insolence in the exer- 
cise of command, from which charge he defends himself, V. 8. §§ 1-26 ; re- 
fuses the office of commander-in-chief, VI. 1. §§ 19-31 ; consults Hercules on 
the expediency of continuing with the army, VI. 2. § 15 ; marches to the as- 
sistance of the Arcadians, VI. 3. § 19 ; exhorts the soldiers, VI. 5. § 14 ; 
quells a disturbance among the troops, VI. 6, § 8 ; urges them to obey Clean- 



436 HISTORICAL INDEX. 

der, VI. 6. § 12; appeases their fury against the Byzantians, VII. 1. § 22; 
takes leave of the army, VII. 1. § 40 ; is sent back to them by Anaxibius, VII. 

2. § 8 ; Aristarchus plots against him, VII. 2. §§ 14-16 ; he goes to Seuthes, 
VII. 2. § 17; conducts the Greeks to Seuthes, VII. 3. § 7 ; by whom he is 
entertained, VII. 3. §§ 15-33 ; is reproached by some of the army, VII. 6. 
§§ 7-10; defends himself, VII. 6. §§ 11-38; replies to Medosades, VII. 7. 
§§ 4-10; persuades Seuthes to pay the Greeks, VII. 7. §§ 21-57; is com- 
pelled by want to sell his horse, VII. 8. § 2 ; is well received at Pergamos, 
VII. 8. § 8; besieges Asidates, VII. 8. §§ 11-19; makes him prisoner and 
takes all his effects, VII. 8. § 22; is received with honor by the Lacedae- 
monians, VII. 8. § 23 ; makes an offering afterwards at Delphi in his own 
name and that of Proxenus, V. 3. § 5 ; is exiled from Athens, V. 3. § 7 ; VII. 
7. § 57; takes up his abode at Scillus, where he builds a temple to Diana, V. 

3. §§ 6-12. 

Xerxes— defeated by land and sea by the Greeks, III. 2. § 13 ; after his 
retreat from Greece, builds a citadel and palace at Celsenae, I. 2. § 9. 

Zelarchus— a commissary, V. 7. § 

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